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Sample records for carlos sp brasil

  1. Fauna de Campopleginae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) em hortas orgânicas em Araraquara e São Carlos, SP, Brasil

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    Sandonato, Diogo Loibel; Onody, Helena Carolina; Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria

    2010-01-01

    Fauna de Campopleginae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) em hortas orgânicas em Araraquara e São Carlos, SP, Brasil. De março de 2006 a fevereiro 2007 foram realizadas doze amostragens utilizando armadilhas Malaise em cada uma das três áreas de cultivos orgânicos estudadas. Um total de 1773 espécimes foram identificados em dez gêneros de Campopleginae: Campoctonus Viereck, 1912, Campoletis Föster, 1869, Casinaria Holmgren, 1859, Charops Holmgren, 1859, Cryptophion Viereck, 1913, Diadegma Föster, 1...

  2. Espécie invasora em unidade de conservação: Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822 no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, Sete Barras, SP, Brasil (Nota Científica. Invasive species in conservation unit: Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822 in Carlos Botelho State Park, Sete Barras, SP, Brazil (Scientific Note.

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    Marilda Rapp de ESTON

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available O caramujo-gigante-africano, Achatinafulica (Mollusca-Achatinidae, considerado umadas cem piores espécies invasoras do mundo,causando sérios danos ambientais, é registrado pelaprimeira vez para o Parque Estadual CarlosBotelho, município de Sete Barras, Estado de SãoPaulo, Brasil.The Giant African Snail, Achatina fulica(Mollusca-Achatinidae, considered as one of ahundred worst world’s invasive species, causingserious environmental damages, is registered forthe first time for Carlos Botelho State Park, countyof Sete Barras, state of São Paulo, Brazil.

  3. Ocorrência de Babesia sp em pequenos roedores no Brasil Occurrence of Babesia sp in small rodents in Brazil

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    G.S. Gazeta; R.W. Carvalho; R.F. Avelar; M. Amorim; A.E. Aboud-Dutra

    2004-01-01

    Foi analisada a ocorrência de babesiose em pequenos roedores nos municípios de Silva Jardim e Nova lguaçu, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram capturados 44 roedores de seis espécies diferentes e entre eles a prevalência da infecção foi de 27,3%. Rattus norvegicus foi considerado o principal reservatório (50,0%) e Oligoryzomys nigripes como novo hospedeiro para Babesia sp. Este foi o primeiro relato de Babesia sp. em roedores no Brasil. A freqüência de roedores positivos e o risco de infecção dos...

  4. Ocorrência de Babesia sp em pequenos roedores no Brasil Occurrence of Babesia sp in small rodents in Brazil

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    G.S. Gazeta

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Foi analisada a ocorrência de babesiose em pequenos roedores nos municípios de Silva Jardim e Nova lguaçu, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram capturados 44 roedores de seis espécies diferentes e entre eles a prevalência da infecção foi de 27,3%. Rattus norvegicus foi considerado o principal reservatório (50,0% e Oligoryzomys nigripes como novo hospedeiro para Babesia sp. Este foi o primeiro relato de Babesia sp. em roedores no Brasil. A freqüência de roedores positivos e o risco de infecção dos roedores não diferiram entre as áreas estudadas.The occurrence of babesiosis was studied in 44 small rodents of six species captured in Silva Jardim and Nova lguaçu counties, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The prevalence of injection was 27.3%. Rattus norvegicus was considered as the main reservoir and Oligoryzomys nigripes as a new host to Babesia sp. The frequency and the risk of rodent infection were considered equal among the studied areas. This is the first report of Babesia sp in small rodents in Brazil.

  5. Encontro de Aedes (Stegomyia albopictus (Skuse em Bromeliaceae na periferia de São Paulo, SP, Brasil

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    Delsio Natal

    1997-10-01

    Full Text Available Foram coletadas larvas de Aedes albopictus em uma planta da família Bromeliaceae, na periferia da cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Esse encontro abre perspectivas de estudo para avaliação do potencial desse vegetal como criadouro desse mosquito no País.

  6. Encontro de Aedes (Stegomyia albopictus (Skuse em Bromeliaceae na periferia de São Paulo, SP, Brasil

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    Natal Delsio

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available Foram coletadas larvas de Aedes albopictus em uma planta da família Bromeliaceae, na periferia da cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Esse encontro abre perspectivas de estudo para avaliação do potencial desse vegetal como criadouro desse mosquito no País.

  7. Mesocestoides sp. (Eucestoda, Mesocestoididae parasitizing four species of wild felines in Southern Brazil Mesocestoides sp. (Eucestoda, Mesocestoididae parasitando quatro espécies de felinos silvestres no Sul do Brasil

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    Moisés Gallas

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Leopardus colocolo, Leopardus geoffroyi, Leopardus tigrinus and Puma yagouaroundi are wild feline species endangered mainly due to habitat destruction and vehicle run overs. Seventeen felines hit on the roads were collected in Southern Brazil and examined for parasites. Cestodes were identified as Mesocestoides sp. The parasites were found in the small intestine of the hosts with a prevalence of 66.7% (L. colocolo and L. tigrinus, 60% (P. yagouaroundi and 50% (L. geoffroyi. Rodents and lizards were found in the stomach contents and they possibly were intermediate hosts of Mesocestoides sp. This is the first report of Mesocestoides sp. in wild felines in Brazil.As espécies Leopardus colocolo, Leopardus geoffroyi, Leopardus tigrinus e Puma yagouaroundi, são felídeos silvestres ameaçados de extinção, principalmente pela destruição do hábitat e morte em rodovias. Dezessete felídeos foram coletados atropelados no sul do Brasil e, analisados na pesquisa de parasitos. Cestóides encontrados foram identificados como Mesocestoides sp. Os parasitos foram encontrados no intestino delgado dos hospedeiros com prevalência de 66,7% (L. colocolo e L. tigrinus, 60% (P. yagouaroundi e 50% (L. geoffroyi. Roedores e lagartos foram encontrados no conteúdo estomacal, podendo ser os hospedeiros intermediários para Mesocestoides sp. Este é o primeiro registro de Mesocestoides sp. em felídeos silvestres no Brasil.

  8. A política educacional do primeiro governo Petista de São Carlos-SP (2001-2004 La política educativa del primer gobierno del Partido de los Trabajadores de São Carlos - ciudad del interior de San Pablo (2001-2004 The educational policy of the Workers Party's first government in São Carlos - SP (2001-2004

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    Ana Paula Rodrigues da Silva

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available O artigo propõe uma avaliação da política educacional implementada pelo primeiro governo do Partido dos Trabalhadores no município de São Carlos (SP, entre 2001 e 2004. Nesse período, o panorama educacional brasileiro já estava marcado, desde a ditadura militar (1964-1985, por uma ampla gama de experiências e reformas, as quais tiveram como um de seus resultados mais importantes a universalização do acesso à escolaridade obrigatória já no final da década de 90. Resolvida a questão quantitativa, o grande problema a ser enfrentado passou a ser o da qualidade do ensino ofertado na escola pública. Apesar da situação privilegiada da cidade de São Carlos, situada numa das regiões economicamente mais ricas do país e com forte tradição educacional, nossas pesquisas nos levam a afirmar que a primeira gestão petista do município deveria ter materializado uma política educacional mais efetiva do que aquela implementada, a fim de atingir a melhoria da qualidade do ensino ofertado à população.El artículo propone una evaluación de la política educativa implementada por el primer gobierno del Partido de los Trabajadores (PT en la ciudad de São Carlos (SP, entre 2001 y 2004. En este período, el panorama educativo brasileño ya estaba marcado, desde la dictadura militar (1964-1985, por una amplia variedad de experiencias y reformas, las cuales tuvieron como uno de sus resultados más importantes la universalización del acceso a la escolaridad obligatoria, a finales de la década de los años 90. Una vez resuelta la cuestión cuantitativa, el gran problema que quedaba fue el de la calidad de la enseñanza ofrecida en la escuela pública. A pesar de la situación privilegiada de São Carlos, situada en una de las regiones económicamente más ricas del país y con una fuerte tradición educativa, nuestras investigaciones nos llevan a afirmar que la primera gestión del PT en la ciudad debería haber materializado una pol

  9. Carlos Fausto, Os índios antes do Brasil.,Rio de Janeiro, Jorge Zahar Editor, 2000. 94 pp. (Coleção "Descobrindo o Brasil")

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    Guzmán, Décio de Alencar

    2005-01-01

    Nas últimas décadas do século passado, a história dos índios no Brasil recebeu um impulso significativo. Nesses anos, uma série de publicações relativas a essa temática invadiu o mercado editorial do país. O livro de Carlos Fausto, professor de Antropologia na Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, contribui, de modo oportuno, para esta projeção do passado indígena da sociedade brasileira usando linguagem acessível e atualizada.  O autor apresenta vários aspectos da história pré-cabralina br...

  10. Tabanidae (Diptera do estado do Maranhão, Brasil: III. Descrição de Philipotabanus (Mimotabanus henriquesi sp. nov. Tabanidae (Diptera from the state of Maranhão, Brazil: III. Description of Philipotabanus (Mimotabanus henriquesi sp. nov.

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    Francisco Limeira-de-Oliveira

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Philipotabanus (Mimotabanus henriquesi sp. nov. é descrita e ilustrada baseada em 30 fêmeas e dois machos coletados em vegetação de Cerrado, nos municípios de Carolina, Alto Parnaíba e Mirador, região sul do estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Este é o primeiro registro de uma espécie do subgênero no Brasil.Philipotabanus (Mimotabanus henriquesi, sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on 30 females and two males specimens collected in open vegetation of "Cerrado", in Carolina, Alto Parnaíba and Mirador municipalities, in southern Maranhão state, Brazil. This is the first record of species of the subgenus in Brazil.

  11. La experiencia brasileña

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    Barbosa, Phidias

    2011-01-01

    16 transparencias.-- Presentado en: Tercer Seminario internacional TECMERIN "Televisión digital terrestre: confrontando las experiencias brasileña y española", celebrado del 18 al 20 de enero de 2011 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid

  12. Nature of Interlayer Binding and Stacking of sp–sp 2 Hybridized Carbon Layers: A Quantum Monte Carlo Study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shin, Hyeondeok; Lee, Hoonkyung; Heinonen, Olle; Benali, Anouar; Kwon, Yongkyung

    2017-01-01

    α-graphyne is a two-dimensional sheet of sp-sp2 hybridized carbon atoms in a honeycomb lattice. While the geometrical structure is similar to that of graphene, the hybridized triple bonds give rise to electronic structure that is different from that of graphene. Similar to graphene, α-graphyne can be stacked in bilayers with two stable configurations, but the different stackings have very different electronic structures: one is predicted to have gapless parabolic bands and the other a tunable bandgap which is attractive for applications. In order to realize applications, it is crucial to understand which stacking is more stable. This is difficult to model, as the stability is a result of weak interlayer van der Waals interactions which are not well captured by density functional theory (DFT). We have used quantum Monte Carlo simulations that accurately include van der Waals interactions to calculate the interlayer binding energy of bilayer graphyne and to determine its most stable stacking mode. Our results show that inter-layer bindings of sp- and sp2-bonded carbon networks are significantly underestimated in a Kohn-Sham DFT approach, even with an exchange-correlation potential corrected to include, in some approximation, van der Waals interactions. Finally, our quantum Monte Carlo calculations reveal that the interlayer binding energy difference between the two stacking modes is only 0.9(4) eV/atom. From this we conclude that the two stable stacking modes of bilayer α-graphyne are almost degenerate with each other, and both will occur with about the same probability at room temperature unless there is a synthesis path that prefers one stacking over the other.

  13. Diagnóstico sobre o conhecimento da comunidade em uma área de recarga do Aquífero Guarani, região de São Carlos, SP, Brasil / Diagnosis of community knowledge in a recharge area of the Guarani Aquifer, the region of Sao Carlos, Brazil

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    Sandra Maria Barbosa Martins

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available As águas superficiais estão escassas em algumas regiões do Brasil, além de ser um problema generalizado à poluição das mesmas, de tal forma que o abastecimento público em muitas cidades é feito com o uso de águas subterrâneas retiradas de aquíferos por poços tubulares profundos. O Aquífero Guarani está localizado na região centro-leste da América do Sul e a cidade de São Carlos (SP é uma das que se localizam diretamente acima dele, em uma região de recarga desse sistema. Cerca de 50% do abastecimento de água de São Carlos é oriundo do Aquífero Guarani, sendo assim, há uma preocupação em buscar informações e informar a população da cidade de sua existência e possíveis ameaças de contaminação. No presente trabalho, foi desenvolvido um questionário para levantamento do conhecimento da comunidade de moradores dos bairros Cidade Aracy, Antenor Garcia e região, localizados sobre área de recarga do Aquífero, com solo arenoso. A aplicação do questionário foi em forma de entrevista com os moradores. Também se verificou junto a órgãos públicos e ONGs a existência de trabalhos destinados à divulgação e orientação a respeito do tema. Os resultados obtidos indicam que há pouco ou nenhum conhecimento sobre o tema pelos moradores e faltam adequações locais para a preservação desse bem público. Há trabalhos desenvolvidos no local por ONGs e universidades, mas sem relação direta com o Aquífero Guarani. Conclui-se, com o presente estudo, que há a necessidade inicial de informar a população local sobre o aquífero e sua área de recarga. A elaboração de material educativo para divulgação do tema, a ser usado em escolas e grupos organizados sem tempo de término, pode ser uma estratégia apropriada para um trabalho que deve ser contínuo e progressivo.

  14. Occurrence of the parasitoid Anastatus sp. in eggs of Leptoglossus zonatus under the maize in Brazil Ocorrência do parasitóide Anastatus sp. em ovos de Leptoglossus zonatus em milho no Brasil

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    Carlos Henrique Marchiori

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to report, for the first time in Brazil, the occurrence of the parasitoid Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae in eggs of Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae on maize (Zea mays L. in Itumbiara County, State of Goias, Brazil (18°25'S; 49°13'W. Percent parasitism was 6.9%.O objetivo dessa nota é registrar a primeira ocorrência, no Brasil, do parasitóide Anastatus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae em ovos de Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae em cultivar de milho em Itumbiara, Estado de Goiás (18°25'S; 49°13'W. A porcentagem de parasitismo foi de 6,9%.

  15. Carlos Parsloe (1919-2009 - in memoriam Carlos Parsloe (1919-2009 - in memoriam Carlos Parsloe (1919-2009 - in memory

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    Almiro dos Reis Júnior

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Dr. Carlos Pereira Parsloe foi o mais importante e conhecido anestesiologista brasileiro e o que alcançou maior repercussão mundial. Teve papel fundamental como Presidente da Comissão Científica do III Congresso Mundial de Anestesiologia (Brasil. Foi Presidente da SAESP e atingiu a Presidência da WFSA. Sua autobiografia foi publicada pela Wood Library-Museum of Anesthesiology (Illinois, EUA. Com seu desaparecimento em janeiro deste ano de 2009, a Anestesiologia brasileira perdeu um dos seus mais valiosos membros. CONTEÚDO: A vida de Parsloe é descrita, ressaltando-se seu caráter, sua competência, sua dedicação ao estudo e ao ensino, as funções que brilhantemente exerceu e as conquistas que obteve. Registram-se fatos desde sua infância até o curso médico no Rio de Janeiro e seus primeiros anos de exercício da Medicina nesta cidade e em Chicago (EUA. Transmite fatos ocorridos durante os dois anos de residência dele em Madison (Wisconsin, sob a orientação de Ralph Waters, da qual sempre se orgulhou. Relata sua volta temporária ao Brasil, seu segundo período de vida em Madison, seu retorno definitivo ao nosso país e sua vida e importância no Serviço Médico de Anestesia (SMA de São Paulo. Recorda algumas das numerosas homenagens que recebeu no Brasil e no exterior. CONCLUSÕES: Ocorrendo neste ano o triste desaparecimento do Dr. Carlos Pereira Parsloe, justifica-se prestar a ele esta homenagem, fundamentada no que ele significou para a Anestesiologia brasileira e mundial, marcando para sempre quem foi e o que fez pela especialidade, pela WFSA, SBA, SAESP, por diversas outras sociedades nacionais e internacionais e, ainda, por muitos anestesiologistas do nosso país.JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El Dr. Carlos Pereira Parsloe fue el más importante y conocido anestesiólogo brasileño y el que alcanzó mayor repercusión mundial. Jugó un rol fundamental como Presidente de la Comisión Científica del

  16. Novas citações de Chytridiomycota e Oomycota para o Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI, SP, Brasil New records of Chytridiomycota and Oomycota from the "Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI", SP, Brazil

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    Carmen Lidia Amorim Pires-Zottarelli

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Levantamento de fungos zoospóricos realizado em lagos artificiais do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI, situado na cidade de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, resultou no isolamento de 41 táxons, sendo 36 identificados em nível específico. Vinte e três táxons pertencem ao Reino Fungi, filo Chytridiomycota, ordens Chytridiales, Monoblepharidales e Spizellomicetales e, 18 ao Reino Straminipila, filo Oomycota, ordens Saprolegniales e Peronosporales. Dentre os fungos isolados, 14 são mencionados pela primeira vez para o PEFI: Aphanomyces helicoides von Minden, Catenochytridium kevorkianii Sparrow, Catenochytridium sp., Chytriomyces appendiculatus Karling, C. aureus Karling, C. hyalinus Karling, C. spinosus Fay, Diplophlyctis asteroidea Dogma, D. complicata (Willoughby Dogma, Karlingia dubia Karling, Nowakowskiella hemisphaerospora Shanor, Saprolegnia australis Elliott, Septochytrium variabile Berdan e Truittella sp., os quais são descritos, comentados e ilustrados. O gênero Truitella é mencionado pela primeira vez para o Brasil.A survey of zoosporic fungi from artificial lakes of the Fontes do Ipiranga State Park, in the city of São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil, yielded the isolation of 41 taxa with 36 species. Twenty-three taxa belong to Chytridiales, Monoblepharidales and Spizellomycetales of the Phylum Chytridiomycota, Fungi Kingdom and 18 belong to Saprolegniales and Peronosporales, Phylum Oomycota, Straminipila Kingdom. Of these, 14 are first-time records for this State Park: Aphanomyces helicoides von Minden, Catenochytridium kevorkianii Sparrow, Catenochytridium sp., Chytriomyces appendiculatus Karling, C. aureus Karling, C. hyalinus Karling, C. spinosus Fay, Diplophlyctis asteroidea Dogma, D. complicata (Willoughby Dogma, Karlingia dubia Karling, Nowakowskiella hemisphaerospora Shanor, Saprolegnia australis Elliott, Septochytrium variabile Berdan and Truittella sp., which are described, commented and

  17. Notas e descrições em Hesperophanini, Eburiini, Piezocerini e Trachyderini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae do Brasil e da Bolívia

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    Ubirajara R. Martins

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Novos táxons descritos - Hesperophanini: Paraliostola nigramacula sp. nov., do Brasil (Rondônia; Eburiini: Simplexeburia gen. nov., e sua espécie-tipo, S. divisa sp. nov. do Brasil (Amazonas; Piezocerini: Gorybia amazonensis sp. nov. and G. sulcata sp. nov., ambas do Brasil (Amazonas; Trachyderini: Galissus rubiventris sp. nov., da Bolívia (Santa Cruz. Notas e novos registros são apresentados para Liostola nitida Zajciw, 1962 e Ochrus chapadense Napp & Martins, 1982 (Hesperophanini; Uncieburia rogersi (Bates, 1870 e Quiacaua taguaiba Martins, 1970 (Eburiini.Notes and descriptions on Hesperophanini, Eburiini, Piezocerini and Trachyderini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae from Brazil and Bolivia. New taxa described - Hesperophanini: Paraliostola nigramacula sp. nov. from Brazil (Rondônia; Eburiini: Simplexeburia gen. nov., and its type species, S. divisa sp. nov. from Brazil (Amazonas; Piezocerini: Gorybia amazonensis sp. nov. and G. sulcata sp. nov. both from Brazil (Amazonas; Trachyderini: Galissus rubiventris sp. nov. from Bolivia (Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Notes and records are presented for Liostola nitida Zajciw, 1962 and Ochrus chapadense Napp & Martins, 1982 (Hesperophanini; Uncieburia rogersi (Bates, 1870 and Quiacaua taguaiba Martins, 1997 (Eburiini.

  18. Frederico Carlos Hoehne: a atualidade de um pioneiro no campo da proteção á natureza do Brasil Frederico Carlos Hoehne: the contemporaneity of a Brazilian pioneer in nature protection

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    José Luiz de Andrade Franco

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available O texto examina o pensamento do botânico Frederico Carlos Hoehne (1882-1959 sobre a proteção da natureza. Argumenta-se que Hoehne foi um pioneiro no tema entre os cientistas brasileiros do século XX. Contribuiu para a emergência de uma consciência ambientalista no Brasil, atuando como cientista, escritor e dirigente de instituições científicas. A sua abordagem combinava a ciência com argumentos estéticos e de identidade nacional. Aponta-se ainda que o seu pensamento, em grande parte esquecido, merece ser recuperado e examinado com mais atenção.ABSTRACT The text examines the writings of the Brazilian botanist Frederico Carlos Hoehne (1882-1959 about the protection of nature. It argues that Hoehne was a pioneer on the topic among Brazilian scientists. In his work as a scientist, writer and director of research institutes, he contributed to the emergence of an environmental consciousness in Brazil. His approach mixed scientific arguments with esthetics and with appeals related to national identity. It sustains that his mostly forgotten ideas are worth retrieving and examining with attention.

  19. HISTÓRIA DAS IDÉIAS PEDAGÓGICAS NO BRASIL

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    Aline Perazzoli; Maristela Ferreira da Rocha; Sandino Hoff

    2015-01-01

    A interrogação sobre a história da educação no Brasil, as idéias educacionais componentes e o lugar a ela conferida na pesquisa e no ensino universitário constitui-se no tema central do livro História das idéias Pedagógicas no Brasil, elaborado a partir dos resultados da investigação conduzida pelo autor com Bolsa de Produtividade em Pesquisa do CNPq. Cobre o conjunto de idéias pedagógicas no Brasil desde 1549 até nossos dias. O professor Saviani é formado em Filosofia pela PUC − SP, é dou...

  20. Monte Carlo simulation for IRRMA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gardner, R.P.; Liu Lianyan

    2000-01-01

    Monte Carlo simulation is fast becoming a standard approach for many radiation applications that were previously treated almost entirely by experimental techniques. This is certainly true for Industrial Radiation and Radioisotope Measurement Applications - IRRMA. The reasons for this include: (1) the increased cost and inadequacy of experimentation for design and interpretation purposes; (2) the availability of low cost, large memory, and fast personal computers; and (3) the general availability of general purpose Monte Carlo codes that are increasingly user-friendly, efficient, and accurate. This paper discusses the history and present status of Monte Carlo simulation for IRRMA including the general purpose (GP) and specific purpose (SP) Monte Carlo codes and future needs - primarily from the experience of the authors

  1. Análise da acessibilidade a hospitais: Estudo de caso para as cidades de São Carlos (SP e Rio Claro (SP

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    Patrícia Baldini de Medeiros Garcia

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Os hospitais podem causar impactos significativos nos seus arredores e também nos sistemas de transporte da região que estão inseridos, caracterizando-os como potenciais Polos Geradores de Viagens (PGV. Nesse sentido, este artigo aborda a acessibilidade a um hospital do tipo “Santa Casa”, com análise feita considerando- se os três modos de viagem: a pé, automóvel e transporte público coletivo (ônibus nas cidades de Rio Claro/SP e São Carlos/SP. O método proposto baseia-se em indicadores (tempo para se medir essa acessibilidade fazendo-se o uso de SIGs. Dados do Censo 2000 do IBGE foram utilizados para estimativas das faixas de rendimento médio de setores censitários. Pesquisa com usuários dos hospitais foram realizadas para caracterização dos perfis desses usuários e localização da origem das viagens. Com isso, realizou-se uma análise comparativa entre a acessibilidade, segundo as faixas de rendimento médio do setor censitário, para verificar se realmente a parcela da população que mais necessita e utiliza desse serviço possui níveis de acessibilidade compatíveis.

  2. Ocorrência de Herminodes sp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae em pupunheira nos estados do Acre e Rondônia, Brasil Occurrence of Herminodes sp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae in peach palm in the States of Acre and Rondônia, Brazil

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    Marcílio José Thomazini

    2004-09-01

    Full Text Available É relatado a ocorrência de Herminodes sp. em plantas de pupunha na área experimental da Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, AC e no Projeto Reca, Vila Nova Califórnia, RO, Brasil. São descritas as principais características deste inseto e os danos por ele causados. Este é o primeiro registro de lagartas do gênero Herminodes causando dano em pupunheiras nos estados do Acre e Rondônia.Related herein is the occurrence of Herminodes sp. in peach palm plants at experimental area of Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, AC and at Projeto Reca, Vila Nova California, RO, Brazil. The main characteristics of this insect and the damage it causes are described. This is the first record of Herminodes caterpillars damaging peach palm in the states of Acre and Rondônia.

  3. Gamma irradiation of cultural artifacts for disinfection using Monte Carlo simulations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Choi, Jong-il; Yoon, Minchul; Kim, Dongho

    2012-01-01

    In this study, it has been investigated the disinfection of Korean cultural artifacts by gamma irradiation, simulating the absorbed dose distribution on the object with the Monte Carlo methodology. Fungal contamination was identified on two traditional Korean agricultural tools, Hongdukkae and Holtae, which had been stored in a museum. Nine primary species were identified from these items: Bjerkandera adusta, Dothideomycetes sp., Penicillium sp., Cladosporium tenuissimum, Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium sp., Entrophospora sp., Aspergillus sydowii, and Corynascus sepedonium. However, these fungi were completely inactivated by gamma irradiation at an absorbed dose of 20 kGy on the front side. Monte Carlo N Particle Transport Code was used to simulate the doses applied to these cultural artifacts, and the measured dose distributions were well predicted by the simulations. These results show that irradiation is effective for the disinfection of cultural artifacts and that dose distribution can be predicted with Monte Carlo simulations, allowing the optimization of the radiation treatment. - Highlights: ► Radiation was applied for the disinfection of Korean cultural artifacts. ► Fungi on the artifacts were completely inactivated by the irradiation. ► Monte Carlo N Particle Transport Code was used to predict the dose distribution. ► This study is applicable for the preservation of cultural artifacts by irradiation.

  4. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter sp strains isolated from calves with and without diarrhea in Minas Gerais state, Brazil Susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos de amostras de Campylobacter sp isoladas de bezerros com e sem diarréia, no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

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    Karina Leite Miranda

    2007-06-01

    , gentamicina, neomicina e nitrofurantoína. Três amostras foram moderadamente sensíveis à canamicina (2 C. coli e 1 C. fetus. Todas as amostras foram resistentes à penicilina G. Duas amostras de C. fetus foram moderadamente sensíveis a sulfametoxazole-trimetoprim e 1 C. coli, 9 C. fetus e 2 C. jejuni foram resistentes. Duas amostras de C. fetus foram moderadamente sensíveis à tetraciclina e 3 de C. coli, 2 de C. fetus e 1 de C. jejuni foram resistentes. Onze amostras apresentaram multirresistência (2 C. coli, 8 C. fetus e 1 C. jejuni. Não houve correlação entre resistência de amostras de Campylobacter sp aos antimicrobianos e a ocorrência de diarréia nos bezerros. A frequência de resistência e, principalmente, a multirresistência encontradas nas amostras Campylobacter sp isoladas de bezerros em Minas Gerais, Brasil, foram altas. O perfil de resistência de amostras de Campylobacter sp observado está relacionado aos agentes antimicrobianos mais utilizados em bovinos no Brasil.

  5. Encontro de Aedes (Stegomyia albopictus (Skuse em Bromeliaceae na periferia de São Paulo, SP, Brasil The Aedes (Stegomyia albopictus (Skuse breeding in Bromeliaceae on the outskirts of an urban area of Southeastern Brazil

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    Delsio Natal

    1997-10-01

    Full Text Available Foram coletadas larvas de Aedes albopictus em uma planta da família Bromeliaceae, na periferia da cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Esse encontro abre perspectivas de estudo para avaliação do potencial desse vegetal como criadouro desse mosquito no País.Larvae of Aedes albopictus from a plant of the Bromeliaceae family on the outskirts of S. Paulo, SP, Brazil, were collected. This occurrence sheds new light on the attempt to determine the potential of this plants as a breeding site for this mosquito in Brazil.

  6. Estudo da ocorrência de enteroparasitas em hortaliças comercializadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo - SP, Brasil: II - Pesquisa de protozoários intestinais

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    Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira

    1992-10-01

    Full Text Available Foram analisadas hortaliças "in natura", comercializadas na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, SP-Brasil, visando à pesquisa e à identificação de cistos de protozoários de interesse médico. As hortaliças, constituídas de 50 amostras de cada variedade, consistiram em: alface (Lactuca sativa, variedades lisa e crespa, escarola (Chichorium sp e agrião (Nasturtium officinale. Os resultados evidenciaram elevados percentuais de contaminação em todas as variedades de hortaliças analisadas, porém as freqüências de protozoários foram maiores no agrião. As amostras de alfaces apresentaram os menores percentuais de contaminação, enquanto que a escarola apresentou valores geralmente situados entre o agrião e as alfaces. Observou-se uma grande variedade de protozoários, cujas freqüências de ocorrência na população residente na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo são igualmente elevadas. Os mais freqüentes foram Entamoeba sp (com 4 e 8 núcleos e Giardia sp. Foram também isolados cistos de Iodamoeba sp, Endolimax sp e Chilomastix sp. Os elevados níveis de contaminação fecal encontrados nas amostras analisadas apontam para a importância dos alimentos na transmissão de protozoários intestinais.

  7. Estudo da ocorrência de enteroparasitas em hortaliças comercializadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo - SP, Brasil: II - Pesquisa de protozoários intestinais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oliveira Carlos Augusto Fernandes de

    1992-01-01

    Full Text Available Foram analisadas hortaliças "in natura", comercializadas na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, SP-Brasil, visando à pesquisa e à identificação de cistos de protozoários de interesse médico. As hortaliças, constituídas de 50 amostras de cada variedade, consistiram em: alface (Lactuca sativa, variedades lisa e crespa, escarola (Chichorium sp e agrião (Nasturtium officinale. Os resultados evidenciaram elevados percentuais de contaminação em todas as variedades de hortaliças analisadas, porém as freqüências de protozoários foram maiores no agrião. As amostras de alfaces apresentaram os menores percentuais de contaminação, enquanto que a escarola apresentou valores geralmente situados entre o agrião e as alfaces. Observou-se uma grande variedade de protozoários, cujas freqüências de ocorrência na população residente na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo são igualmente elevadas. Os mais freqüentes foram Entamoeba sp (com 4 e 8 núcleos e Giardia sp. Foram também isolados cistos de Iodamoeba sp, Endolimax sp e Chilomastix sp. Os elevados níveis de contaminação fecal encontrados nas amostras analisadas apontam para a importância dos alimentos na transmissão de protozoários intestinais.

  8. Pimelodus paranaensis, sp. n., um novo Pimelodidae (Pisces, Siluriformes do Alto Paraná, Brasil

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    Heraldo A. Britski

    1988-01-01

    Full Text Available Descreve-se Pimelodus paranaensis, sp. n., da bacia do Alto Paraná, Brasil, com base em 20 exemplares. A nova espécie pode ser assim diagnosticada: (i dentes presentes e formando duas áreas isoladas no vômer; (ii faixa pré-maxilar de dentes com um ângulo projetado para trás; (iii teto do crânio coberto por pele fina; (iv comprimento da nadadeira adiposa 3,9 a 4,3 vezes no comprimento padrão; (v a maior altura da nadadeira adiposa 3,1 a 4.3 vezes no seu comprimento; (vi região dorsal do corpo de cor castanha com pequenas manchas arredondadas, castanho-escuras. Apesar de possuir dentes vomerianos como em Pimelodus albicans, e como em certos exemplares de P. clarias (sensu Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890, achamos que as verdadeiras relações desta nova espécie e sua situação genérica só poderão ser estabelecidas após uma nova boa revisão do grupo.Pimelodus paranaensis, n. sp., from the Upper Paraná basin, is described on the basis of 20 specimens. The new species can be diagnosed as follows: (1 teeth present and forming two isolated on the vomer; (2 premaxillary band of teeth with a backward projecting angle; (3 top of head covered with thin layer of skin; (4 adipose fin basis 3,9 to 4.6 in standard length; (5 greatest depth of adipose fin 3.1 to 4.3 in its length, (6 dark spots along the dorsum. In spite of having teeth on the vomer as Pimelodus albicans, and as some specimens of P. clarias (sensu Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890 and in being similar to Bagropsis reinhardti in many respects, we feel that the true relationships and the generic status of the new species can be established only after a thorough revision of the group.

  9. Myxomycetes da Chapada do Araripe (Crato - CE, Brasil Myxomycetes from Chapada do Araripe (Crato, CE, Brazil

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    Laise de Holanda Cavalcanti

    1998-12-01

    Full Text Available Foi efetuado um levantamento dos Myxomyeetes ocorrentes em área de floresta no município do Crato, CE (7º13'53" S; 39º24'28'' W; Alt. 422m, assinalando-se as seguintes famílias e gêneros: Ceratiomyxaceae (Ceratiomyxa, 1 sp.; Cribrariaceae (Cribraria, lsp., Dictydium, 1 sp.; Didymiaceae (Didymium, 2sp.; Enteridiaceae (Dicrydiaethalium, 1sp.; Physaraceae (Badhamia, 2sp., Fuligo, 2sp., Physarum, 5sp.; Steinonitaceae (Comatricha, 3sp., Sfemonitis, 6sp.; Trichiaceae (Arcyria, 3sp., Hemitrichia, 2sp., Periclwena, 1 sp.- Constatou-se preferência das espécies para frutificar em troncos mortos de dicotiledôneas, seguindo-se restos de palmeiras e folhedo. O levantamento eleva para 30 o número de espécies referidas para o Ceará. Uma família e 19 espécies são novos registros para o Estado e Arcyria magna var. rosea Rex é nova referência para o Brasil. São apresentados comentários, chave de identificação e distribuição geográfica das espécies no Nordeste do Brasil.A survey on Myxomycetes was made in the woods of Crato Municipality. State of Ceará, Brazil (7º13'53" S; 39º24,28" W; Alt. 422m. when the following families and genera were registered: Ceratiomyxaceae (Ceratiomyxa, 1 sp.; Cribrariaceae (Cribraria, 1 sp., Dictydium. 1 sp.; Didymiaceae (Didymium, 2sp.; Enteridiaceae Dictydiaethalium, 1 sp.; Physaraceae (Badhamia. 2sp., Fuligo, 2sp., Physarum, 5sp.; Stemonitaceae Comatricha, 3sp., Stemonitis, 6sp.; Trichiaceae (Arcyria, 3sp., Hemitrichia, 2sp., Perichaena, lsp..The species sporulated mostly on dead dicotyledones wood, followed by monocotyledones (Arecaceae debris and litter. The survey raises the number of registers referred to the State of Ceará to 30 species. One family and 19 species are new records for that State while Arcyria magna var. rosea Rex represents a new record for Brazil. Key for the species, comments and geographical distribution in Northeast Brazil arc presented.

  10. Ocorrência e perfil de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos em Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Acinetobacter sp. em um hospital terciário, no sul do Brasil

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    Gabriele Mariani Machado

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O principal mecanismo de resistência entre isolados de Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Acinetobacter sp. é a produção de metalo-β-lactamases (MβLs. As MβLs são enzimas capazes de hidrolisar cefalosporinas, penicilinas e carbapenêmicos, mas não monobactâmicos (aztreonam antibióticos que se encontram entre as principais opções terapêuticas para o tratamento de infecções causadas por bactérias não fermentadoras de glicose. MÉTODOS: Um estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo e retrospectivo foi desenvolvido para avaliar a frequência e o perfil de susceptibilidade cepas de P. aeruginosa e Acinetobacter sp. produtoras de MβLs isoladas no Hospital São Vicente de Paulo, Passo Fundo, Brasil. RESULTADOS: A produção de MβLs foi observada em 77,6% (n = 173/223 dos isolados de P. aeruginosa e em 22,4% (n = 50/223 dos isolados de Acinetobacter sp. Dentre as cepas produtoras de MβL, a maioria apresentou mais de 90% de resistência a seis antimicrobianos dos 12 testados, enfatizando a resistência a ceftazidima, gentamicina, aztreonam, piperaciclina/tazobactam, cefepime, ciprofloxacina, meropenem e tobramicina. CONCLUSÕES: Os índices de MβL encontrados confirmam a preocupação mundial com a disseminação desse mecanismo de resistência.

  11. Lepidopterans and their parasitoids on okra plants in Riberão Preto (SP, Brazil Lepidópteros e seus parasitoides em cultura de quiabo em Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil

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    Rogéria Inês Rosa Lara

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to identify the defoliating lepidopterans and their parasitoids occurring on okra plants in the district of Riberão Preto city (SP. Brazil. Caterpillars were collected by hand from an experimental field of okra, in March and April, 2009. They were placed individually on Petri dishes lined with wet filter paper, containing shredded okra leaves, and kept in a climactic chamber (25±1°C, 12:12h light/dark photoperiod, RH 70±10% until the emergence of lepidopterans and/or parasitoids. In all, 63 lepidopterans were obtained: three species of Noctuidae, Anomis flava (Fabricius, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith and Pseudoplusia includens (Walker; one of Pieridae, Ascia monuste orseis (Godart, and an unidentified species of Tortricidae. One unidentified tachinid fly (Diptera and the Hymenoptera parasitoids Copidosoma floridanum (Ashmead (Encyrtidae and Euplectrus sp. (Eulophidae emerged from A. flava, while C. floridanum and an unidentified tachinid, from P. includens. This is the first report of an association between the herbivores S. frugiperda, P. includens and A. monuste orceis, the parasitoids C. floridanum and Euplectrus sp. on okra plants.Este estudo objetivou identificar lepidópteros desfolhadores e seus parasitoides em cultura de quiabo em Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. As lagartas foram coletadas através de catação manual entre março e abril de 2009, individualizadas em placas de Petri forradas com papel filtro umedecido contendo pedaços de folhas de quiabo e mantidas sob condições controladas (25±1°C, 12 horas de fotofase, 70±10% de UR até a obtenção dos adultos de lepidópteros e/ou de seus parasitoides. Foram obtidos 63 adultos de lepidópteros: três espécies de Noctuidae, Anomis flava (Fabricius, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, Pseudoplusia includens (Walker, uma de Pieridae, Ascia monuste orseis (Godart e uma de Tortricidae não identificada. Uma espécie não identificada de taquinídeo (Diptera e os

  12. Parallel MCNP Monte Carlo transport calculations with MPI

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wagner, J.C.; Haghighat, A.

    1996-01-01

    The steady increase in computational performance has made Monte Carlo calculations for large/complex systems possible. However, in order to make these calculations practical, order of magnitude increases in performance are necessary. The Monte Carlo method is inherently parallel (particles are simulated independently) and thus has the potential for near-linear speedup with respect to the number of processors. Further, the ever-increasing accessibility of parallel computers, such as workstation clusters, facilitates the practical use of parallel Monte Carlo. Recognizing the nature of the Monte Carlo method and the trends in available computing, the code developers at Los Alamos National Laboratory implemented the message-passing general-purpose Monte Carlo radiation transport code MCNP (version 4A). The PVM package was chosen by the MCNP code developers because it supports a variety of communication networks, several UNIX platforms, and heterogeneous computer systems. This PVM version of MCNP has been shown to produce speedups that approach the number of processors and thus, is a very useful tool for transport analysis. Due to software incompatibilities on the local IBM SP2, PVM has not been available, and thus it is not possible to take advantage of this useful tool. Hence, it became necessary to implement an alternative message-passing library package into MCNP. Because the message-passing interface (MPI) is supported on the local system, takes advantage of the high-speed communication switches in the SP2, and is considered to be the emerging standard, it was selected

  13. Viabilidade do uso da adubação verde nos agroecossistemas da região de São Carlos, SP

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    L. F. G. Pinto

    1998-06-01

    Full Text Available De modo geral, os sistemas de produção agrícola têm levado os agroecossistemas a uma grande instabilidade, acarretando forte degradação ambiental. Este trabalho visa estudar o potencial da utilização de adubação verde na região de São Carlos (SP como uma técnica complementar aos sistemas de produção ora existentes, buscando alcançar um incremento qualitativo de seus agroecossistemas. A delimitação da região estudada baseou-se em características climáticas, geomorfológicas e administrativas, a partir de informações oriundas de mapas temáticos, manipulados por meio de um sistema de informações geográficas (SIG. A unidade de planejamento agroecológico para a região de São Carlos é constituída pelos municípios de Analândia, Itirapina, Santa Maria da Serra, São Carlos, São Pedro e Torrinha. Na região, descreveram-se o clima e os tipos de solo, tendo sido estes últimos agrupados de acordo com suas respectivas texturas e fertilidades. A partir disto, gerou-se um mapa com as zonas edáficas, predominantemente álicas e de textura arenosa. Paralelamente, foram listadas espécies de adubo verde com ecofisiologia compatível com as características edafoclimáticas encontradas, agrupando tais espécies em três classes: exigentes, rústicas e muito rústicas. Finalmente, elaborou-se um mapa com as zonas de cultivo de cada grupo de espécies. Concluiu-se que a adubação verde é uma técnica com potencial para melhorar a qualidade dos agroecossistemas da região de São Carlos.

  14. Monte Carlo simulation of a mammographic test phantom

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hunt, R. A.; Dance, D. R.; Pachoud, M.; Carlsson, G. A.; Sandborg, M.; Ullman, G.

    2005-01-01

    A test phantom, including a wide range of mammographic tissue equivalent materials and test details, was imaged on a digital mammographic system. In order to quantify the effect of scatter on the contrast obtained for the test details, calculations of the scatter-to-primary ratio (S/P) have been made using a Monte Carlo simulation of the digital mammographic imaging chain, grid and test phantom. The results show that the S/P values corresponding to the imaging conditions used were in the range 0.084-0.126. Calculated and measured pixel values in different regions of the image were compared as a validation of the model and showed excellent agreement. The results indicate the potential of Monte Carlo methods in the image quality-patient dose process optimisation, especially in the assessment of imaging conditions not available on standard mammographic units. (authors)

  15. Study on the Hymenoptera parasitoid associated with Lepidoptera larvae in reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste) São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    OpenAIRE

    Pereira,A. G.; Silva,R. B.; Dias,M. M.; Penteado-Dias,A. M.

    2015-01-01

    Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the local fauna of Hymenoptera parasitoids associated with Lepidoptera larvae in areas of reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, Brazil). Lepidoptera larvae collected with entomological umbrella were kept in the laboratory until emergence of adults or their parasitoids. From those collected in the agrosilvopastoral system, emerged 267 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids belo...

  16. Indicadores de sustentabilidade para a gestão municipal de resíduos sólidos urbanos: um estudo para São Carlos (SP Indicators of sustainability for municipal solid waste management: case study of the city of São Carlos (SP

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    Carla Natacha Marcolino Polaz

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Uma forma de operacionalizar o conceito de sustentabilidade é por meio da utilização de indicadores, um instrumento que pode auxiliar os gestores públicos no processo decisório. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a proposição de indicadores de sustentabilidade para a gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU em São Carlos (SP, sob a perspectiva de cinco dimensões: ambiental, econômica, social, política e cultural. A estratégia adotada para a elaboração dos indicadores foi a identificação dos problemas prioritários para a gestão de RSU por meio de consultas aos gestores municipais. Isto resultou em um conjunto de 15 indicadores, cujos valores expressam sua tendência favorável, desfavorável ou muito desfavorável à sustentabilidade. Esta experiência mostrou que a implementação de um sistema de indicadores deve envolver a participação de diferentes agentes sociais, a fim de legitimar o uso efetivo desta importante ferramenta.One way to operationalize the concept of sustainability is through the use of indicators, an important tool to guide the public managers in the process of making decisions. The objective of this paper was the proposition of sustainability indicators for public management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW in São Carlos (SP, from the perspective of five dimensions: environmental, economic, social, political and cultural. The strategy adopted for the indicators development was the identification of priority problems for the MSW management, by interviewing the municipal managers. The results include a set of 15 sustainability indicators, as their values express three trends: favorable, unfavorable or very unfavorable to sustainability. This research showed that the development of a local indicator system should involve different actors in order to legitimize the effective use of this useful management tool.

  17. Aranhas da família Theridiosomatidae: espécie nova e novas ocorrências no Brasil Spiders of family Theridiosomatidae: a new species and new records for Brazil

    OpenAIRE

    Everton N. L. Rodrigues; Ricardo Ott

    2005-01-01

    Theridiosoma caaguara sp. nov. do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, é descrita e ilustrada. Baalzebub baubo Coddington, 1986 é registrada pela primeira vez para o Brasil, ampliando-se a distribuição conhecida de Epilineutes globosus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896), Naatlo splendida (Taczanowski, 1873) e Ogulnius obtectus O. P.-Cambridge, 1882.Theridiosoma caaguara sp. nov. from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, is described and illustrated. Baalzebub baubo Coddington, 1986 is recorded for the first...

  18. Prevalência de enteroparasitas na população urbana do 2.° subdistrito de Botucatu, SP (Brasil Prevalence of intestinal parasites on the populations of Botucatu, SP (Brazil

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    Mauro R. de Oliveira

    1974-06-01

    Full Text Available Procurou-se conhecer a prevalência de enteroparasitoses na população urbana do 2.° subdistrito de Botucatu, SP (Brasil através de exames coprológicos realizados pelos métodos de FAUST, HOFFMAN e processo de tamização. A prevalência de enteroparasitoses foi relacionada com atributos da população, tais como sexo, idade, cor e com fatores ligados ao meio ambiente. O processo de amostragem empregado foi o casual simples em duplo estágio, sendo o quarteirão a unidade primária do primeiro estágio e o domicílio a unidade do segundo estágio. Os resultados mostraram que 53,76% das 895 pessoas amostradas apresentavam-se infestadas por uma ou mais espécies de parasitas intestinais. As prevalências foram as seguintes: Ancylostomidae, 17,54%; T. trichiurus, 13,63%; A. lumbricoides, 10,69%; S. stercoralis, 6,03%; E. vermicularis, 3,69%; H. nana, 1,79%; Taenia sp, 1,22%; S. mansoni, 0,22%; E. coli, 15,53%; G. lamblia, 14,07%; E. nana, 2,35%; I. bütschlii, 1,01% e E. histolytica, 0,22%.A study of the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis on the population of Botucatu's 2nd Subdistrict, S. Paulo, Brazil, is presented. Passed stool was examined by using FAUST, HOFFMAN and tamization techniques. The prevalence of intestinal parasites is related to population characteristics such as sex, age, race and some environmental features. Simple random sampling technique in double stage was applied. Among 895 examined persons, 53,76% were infected by intestinal parasites. The prevalence of the various parasites were: Ancylostomydae, 17,54%; T. trichiurus, 13,63%; A. lumbricoides, 10,39%; E. vermiculares, 3,69%; H. nana, 1,79%; Taenia sp, 1,22%; E. coli, 15,53%; G. lamblia, 14,07%; E. nana, 2,35%; I. bütschlii, 1,01% and E. histolytica, 0,22%.

  19. Reprodución de tres especies de Clidemia (Melastomataceae en Brasil

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    Gladys Flávia Melo

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available Se estudió el sistema reproductivo de Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl. D. Don, C. bullosa DC. y C. hirta (L. D. Don. Las tres especies se distribuyen en las márgenes de la selva de Dois Irmos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil donde forman pequeñas poblaciones y se pueden calificar como especies simpátricas. El periodo de floración se extiende todo el año. Hay visitas esporádicas de abejas Halictidae (Augochloropsis sp. que recogen polen por vibración ("buzz pollination". Las tres especies son agamospérmicas y muestran un elevado índice de esterilidad masculina, medida por la escasa viabilidad polínica.We compared the reproductive systems in populations of Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl. D. Don, C. bullosa DC. and C. hirta (L. D. Don. (Melastomataceae. The three species occur in small populations in forest margins at Mata de Dois Irmos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil and are sympatric. They flower throughout the year, and are occasionaly visited by Halictidae bees, Augochloropsis sp.; the bees collect pollen by vibration ("buzz pollination". The three species are agamospermous and exhibit a high level of male sterility, as measured by their low pollen viability.

  20. Características edafoclimáticas e informações socioeconômicas no diagnóstico de agroecossistemas da região de São Carlos, SP Soil and climate characteristics and socio-economic data in the diagnostic of agroecosystems of São Carlos region, SP, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Fernando Guedes Pinto

    2001-11-01

    Full Text Available O planejamento regional de agroecossistemas é um componente fundamental para a sustentabilidade da atividade agrícola, devendo considerar a realidade biofísica e socioeconômica. A agropecuária cumpre importante papel na região de São Carlos, SP, porém esta localiza-se em grande parte numa área de preservação ambiental. Este trabalho visou delimitar a Zona Agroecológica dessa região e diagnosticar seus agroecossistemas por meio de informações edafoclimáticas e socioeconômicas. A delimitação foi baseada no clima, geomorfologia e divisão administrativa. Da área delimitada estudou-se o clima, pedologia, uso da terra, estrutura fundiária e o manejo dos agroecossistemas. A Zona delimitada ocupa 286.824,08 ha, e é composta pelos municípios de Analândia, Itirapina, Santa Maria da Serra, São Carlos, São Pedro e Torrinha. Há potencial para a atividade agrícola, ocorrendo principalmente solos arenosos e de baixa fertilidade. Pastagens e cana-de-açúcar são os usos predominantes; a distribuição da posse da terra é desigual, e existe risco de degradação ambiental, pois não se empregam práticas compatíveis com as características naturais. Recomenda-se o uso de práticas que maximizem a conservação do solo, sua correção, e o aproveitamento de seus nutrientes, assim como o cultivo de espécies adaptadas a solos arenosos, que sejam pouco exigentes em fertilidade e resistentes a estresse hídrico.Regional planning of agroecosystems is a key component in the sustainability of agriculture and it should consider the biophysical and socio-economic reality. Agriculture plays an important role in the region of São Carlos, SP, Brazil, but it is located in an area of environmental conservation. This work aimed to delimit the Agroecological Zone of this region and to diagnose agroecosystems through soil, climate and socio-economic data. The delimitation was based on climate, geomorphology and administrative division of the

  1. Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin HCl-2H2O (ENRO-C) in dogs and PK/PD Monte Carlo simulations against Leptospira sp.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sumano, Hector; Ocampo, Luis; Tapia, Graciela; Mendoza, C de Jesus; Gutierrez, Lilia

    2018-04-12

    Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) ratios of reference enrofloxacin (Enro-R) and enrofloxacin as HCl-2H 2 O (Enro-C), as well as Monte Carlo simulations based on composite MIC 50 and MIC 90 vs. Leptospira sp., were carried out in dogs after their IM and oral administration (10 mg/kg). Plasma determination of enrofloxacin was achieved by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Maximum plasma concentration values after oral administration were 1.47 ± 0.19 µg/mL and 5.3 ± 0.84 µg/mL for Enro-R and Enro-C, respectively, and 1.6 ± 0.12 µg/mL and 7.6 ± 0.93 µg/mL after IM administration. Area under the plasma vs. time concentrations in 24 h (AUC 0-24 ) were 8.02 µg/mL/h and 36.2 µg/mL/h for Enro-R oral and Enro-C oral , respectively, and 8.55 ± 0.85 µg/mL/h and 56.4 ± 6.21 µg/mL/h after IM administration of these drugs. Only PK/PD ratios and Monte Carlo simulations obtained with Enro-C, anticipate that its IM administration to dogs will result in therapeutic concentrations to treat leptospirosis. This is the first time enrofloxacin has been recommended to treat this disease in dogs.

  2. Aranhas da família Theridiosomatidae: espécie nova e novas ocorrências no Brasil Spiders of family Theridiosomatidae: a new species and new records for Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Everton N. L. Rodrigues

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available Theridiosoma caaguara sp. nov. do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, é descrita e ilustrada. Baalzebub baubo Coddington, 1986 é registrada pela primeira vez para o Brasil, ampliando-se a distribuição conhecida de Epilineutes globosus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896, Naatlo splendida (Taczanowski, 1873 e Ogulnius obtectus O. P.-Cambridge, 1882.Theridiosoma caaguara sp. nov. from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, is described and illustrated. Baalzebub baubo Coddington, 1986 is recorded for the first time for Brazil and the known geographic distribution of Epilineutes globosus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1896, Naatlo splendida (Taczanowski, 1873 and Ogulnius obtectus O. P.-Cambridge, 1882 is extended.

  3. Acleotrema lamothei n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae from the gills of Kyphosus incisor in Brazilian waters Acleotrema lamothei n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae de las branquias de Kyphosus incisor en aguas brasileñas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cláudia P. Santos

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available A diplectanid monogenean, Acleotrema lamothei n. sp., is described from the gills of the yellow sea chub Kyphosus incisor (Cuvier, 1831 in Brazilian waters off Rio de Janeiro State. This species is distinguished by the facts that the male copulatory organ is armed with spines throughout most of its length, the ventral hamuli have a very long, stout outer root, which is slightly notched proximally, an inner root less than half the length of the outer root and a fine blade and point. It also differs from most species of the genus by the greater size of the haptor and its hard parts. This is the first record of a species of Acleotrema Johnston and Tiegs, 1922 from South American waters.Se describe Acleotrema lamothei n. sp. de las branquias del pez Kyphosus incisor (Cuvier, 1831 recolectado en las costas del estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. La nueva especie se distingue por la armadura del órgano copulador con espinas en casi toda su longitud, por la presencia de una raíz externa larga y robusta en el hámuli ventral, provista de una pequeña muesca proximal, por la raíz interna que mide menos de la mitad de la longitud de la externa y por tener la hoja y la punta finas. Asimismo, difiere de muchas de las especies del género por el gran tamaño del haptor y de sus partes esclerozadas. El presente constituye el primer registro de una especie de Acleotrema Johnston y Tiegs, 1922 en aguas sudamericanas.

  4. Cohesion Energetics of Carbon Allotropes: Quantum Monte Carlo Study

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Shin, Hyeondeok [Konkuk University, South Korea; Kang, Sinabro [Konkuk University, South Korea; Koo, Jahyun [Konkuk University, South Korea; Lee, Hoonkyung [Konkuk University, South Korea; Kim, Jeongnim [ORNL; Kwon, Yongkyung [Konkuk University, South Korea

    2014-01-01

    We have performed quantum Monte Carlo calculations to study the cohesion energetics of carbon allotropes, including sp3-bonded diamond, sp2-bonded graphene, sp-sp2 hybridized graphynes, and sp-bonded carbyne. The comput- ed cohesive energies of diamond and graphene are found to be in excellent agreement with the corresponding values de- termined experimentally for diamond and graphite, respectively, when the zero-point energies, along with the interlayer binding in the case of graphite, are included. We have also found that the cohesive energy of graphyne decreases system- atically as the ratio of sp-bonded carbon atoms increases. The cohesive energy of -graphyne, the most energetically- stable graphyne, turns out to be 6.766(6) eV/atom, which is smaller than that of graphene by 0.698(12) eV/atom. Experi- mental difficulty in synthesizing graphynes could be explained by their significantly smaller cohesive energies. Finally we conclude that the cohesive energy of a newly-proposed two-dimensional carbon network can be accurately estimated with the carbon-carbon bond energies determined from the cohesive energies of graphene and three different graphynes.

  5. A Gynandromorph and Teratological Case in Spilomicrus sp. (Hymenoptera, Diaprioidea, Diapriidae

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    Emerson Comério

    2015-12-01

    Resumo. Este estudo relata a ocorrência de antenas com características femininas e masculinas em um exemplar fêmea de Spilomicrus sp. (Hymenoptera, Diaprioidea, Diapriidae coletado no Parque Estadual Intervales, Ribeirão Grande, São Paulo, Brasil, assim como malformações em uma das antenas, que são aqui descritas e ilustradas.

  6. da gestão pública de São Carlos/SP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Samir Costa Fagury

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Amongst the diverse types of urban residues, it is distinguished the construction and demolition (C&D debris, which cause serious social environmental impacts and impose solutions for correct public management, reducing these impacts. This work presents many aspects of residues management plan implantation, based on the Brazilian scope, where the C&D recycling is not common practice of the public administration. It is also presented, in general terms, the legal bases and the possible practical Artigos applications of the generated products of the C&D management plan. São Carlos appears as a referential supported by the implantation of the C&D management plan and also the structures like PROHAB ́s Recycling of C&D Plant. This initiative in São Carlos demonstrates that the implantation of a public administration of C&D benefits all society, configuring awareness and citizenship action.

  7. Ocorrência do gênero Conostomum Sw. (Bartramiaceae no Brasil New record of the genus Conostomum Sw. (Bartramiaceae for Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Denilson Fernandes Peralta

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Esta é a primeira ocorrência do gênero Conostomum para o Brasil, detectado durante a revisão de material do herbário SP para estudo de Bartramiaceae. A espécie Conostomum macrotheca Herz. está amplamente distribuída nas áreas frias e de altitude do globo. Esta planta apresenta gametófitos pequenos e é diferenciada das demais espécies da família ocorrentes no Brasil pelos filídios dispostos em 3-4 fileiras.This is the first citation of the genus Conostomum for Brazil, found during a revision of specimens at SP while studying the Bartramiaceae. Conostomum macrotheca Herz. is widespread in cold and high-elevation areas of the globe. This species is small and can be differentiated from other Brazilian species of the family by its 3-4-ranked leaves.

  8. Innovaciones en la gestión y calidad de los revestimientos refractarios en la Compañía Siderúrgica Nacional (Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Justus, S. M.

    2002-04-01

    Full Text Available The work describes actions carried out in colaboration among the National Steel Company - (CSN-Brazil and the Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Ceramic - LIEC of the Federal University of Sao Carlos Brazil (UFSCar- Brazil, in the area of I&D, for integral management and improvement of the quality and performance of the refractory linings in the sintering areas, blast furnace, hot air pipe lines transferency to the blast furnace, pig-iron ladles, running channels, blast furnaces hearths, torpedo car, etc., as well as, the economic impact generated by the installation of the adopted measures.

    El trabajo describe acciones realizadas en conjunto entre la Compañía Siderúrgica Nacional – (CSN-Brasil y el Laboratorio Interdisciplinar de Electroquímica y Cerámica – LIEC de la Universidad Federal de Sao Carlos Brasil (UFSCar - Brasil, en el área de I&D, para la gestión y mejora de la calidad de los revestimientos refractarios en las áreas de sinterización, hornos altos, líneas de trasferencia de aire caliente al horno alto, piqueras de arrabio, canales de colada, crisoles de horno alto, cucharas torpedo, etc., así como, el impacto económico generado por la implantación de las medidas adoptadas.

  9. Cymothoa recifea sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae from the mouths of marine fishes of Pernambuco State, Brazil Cymothoa recifea sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae das bocas de peixes marinhos do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vernon E. Thatcher

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available Cymothoa recifea sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae is described from the mouths of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792 and Oligoplites palometa (Cuvier, 1832. The fish hosts were caught near Itamaracá and Cabo de Santo Agostinho, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The new species bears a superficial resemblance to Cymothoa oestrum (Linnaeus, 1793 from which it differs in a number of important respects. In the new species, the basal carinae are large on pereopods 4-7 and usually pointed, whereas in C. oestrum the carinae are small on pereopods 4-6, large on 7 and not pointed. In the new species, only pleopod 1 is simple and 2-5 are provided with pockets and folds. In the other species, pleopods 1-4 are simple and only 5 has folds.Cymothoa recifea sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae é descrito das bocas de Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792 e Oligoplites palometa (Cuvier, 1832. Os peixes foram capturados perto de Itamaracá, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. A nova espécie apresenta uma semelhança superficial à Cymothoa oestrum (Linnaeus, 1793 da qual distingue-se pôr várias características. Na nova espécie, as expansões nas bases dos pereópodos ("carinae" são grandes nos 4-7 e, geralmente, terminam em pontas agudas. Em contraste, em C. oestrum, estas estruturas são pequenas nos pereópodos 4-6, grande somente no sétimo e não têm pontas agudas. Na nova espécie, somente o pleópodo 1 é simples e 2-5 apresentam bolsas e dobras. Na outra espécie, os pleópodos 1-4 são simples e somente 5 tem dobras.

  10. Cohesion energetics of carbon allotropes: Quantum Monte Carlo study

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Shin, Hyeondeok; Kang, Sinabro; Koo, Jahyun; Lee, Hoonkyung; Kwon, Yongkyung, E-mail: ykwon@konkuk.ac.kr [Division of Quantum Phases and Devices, School of Physics, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Jeongnim, E-mail: jnkim@ornl.gov [Materials Science and Technology Division and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 (United States)

    2014-03-21

    We have performed quantum Monte Carlo calculations to study the cohesion energetics of carbon allotropes, including sp{sup 3}-bonded diamond, sp{sup 2}-bonded graphene, sp–sp{sup 2} hybridized graphynes, and sp-bonded carbyne. The computed cohesive energies of diamond and graphene are found to be in excellent agreement with the corresponding values determined experimentally for diamond and graphite, respectively, when the zero-point energies, along with the interlayer binding in the case of graphite, are included. We have also found that the cohesive energy of graphyne decreases systematically as the ratio of sp-bonded carbon atoms increases. The cohesive energy of γ-graphyne, the most energetically stable graphyne, turns out to be 6.766(6) eV/atom, which is smaller than that of graphene by 0.698(12) eV/atom. Experimental difficulty in synthesizing graphynes could be explained by their significantly smaller cohesive energies. Finally, we conclude that the cohesive energy of a newly proposed graphyne can be accurately estimated with the carbon–carbon bond energies determined from the cohesive energies of graphene and three different graphynes considered here.

  11. Water quality of the Canchim?s creek watershed in São Carlos, SP, Brazil, occupied by beef and dairy cattle activities

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Primavesi Odo

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available The Canchim?s creek watershed in São Carlos, SP, Brazil, was chosen to evaluate water quality affected by dairy and beef cattle production systems based on tropical pasture. The water samples were collected monthly, during three years, at six sampling points: spring in a tropical forest, spring in an intensive dairy production system, two dam springs, and stream water upward and at the delta. Results showed differences (P<0.01 among sampling points for the mean parameters. True color, hardness, turbidity, electric conductivity, alkalinity, pH, chemical oxygen demand and consumed oxygen explained well differences among sampling points. According to current legislation standards, water quality fitted with most of the established parameters for class 2, with exception of phosphate and iron. The high levels of total phosphorus, except in the forest spring, classified this water in an eutrophic class, even where soil and water conservation practices were considered adequate.

  12. Quantificação e avaliação de danos em trecho de pavimento flexível de avenidas de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elias Antonio Vieira

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Esta pesquisa apresenta dados sobre os danos constatados em trechos de avenidas da região Norte de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil, que foram construídas com pavimento flexível, uma base de brita e uma camada de asfalto. Trata-se de um dos espaços de intensa atividade comercial e industrial, e, portanto, de movimentação de pessoas e veículos, do território municipal. Verificou-se que a maior quantidade de danos é representada por fenda ou trinca, buraco ou panela, além de remendos inadequados ou com defeito.  Diante dos dados da pesquisa, pode-se inferir que a Administração Municipal não tem ou não utiliza, com eficiência, um Sistema de Gerência de Pavimento.

  13. Detection of Neospora sp. antibodies in cart horses from urban areas of Curitiba, Southern Brazil Detecção de anticorpos anti-Neospora sp. em cavalos de carroceiros de áreas urbanas de Curitiba, Sul do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliana Monteforte Cassaro Villalobos

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite which affects dogs as definitive hosts and several mammalian species as intermediate hosts mainly causing abortions and central nervous system disorders. The reemerging population of cart horses for carrying recycling material in urban areas of major cities in Brazil may have an impact on disease spreading, and these animals may be used as sentinels for environmental surveillance. Thus, the present study investigated the frequency of Neospora sp. antibodies in cart horses from Curitiba and surrounding areas, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. IgG antibodies against Neospora sp. were detected using indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT, and titers equal to or higher than 1:50 were considered reactive. Of all samples, 14/97 (14.4% were positive: 2/29 (6.9% were younger than 5; 5/26 (19.2% between 6 and 9; and 6/31 (19.4% older than 10 years of age. One of the 11 animals with unknown age was positive (9.1%. Cart horses are likely to be more exposed to dog feces and to Neospora sp. oocyst contamination in urban settings and a lower frequency of disease in dogs may have a negative impact on horse infection risk in these areas.Neospora caninum é um protozoário parasita que afeta cães como hospedeiros definitivos e diversos mamíferos como hospedeiros intermediários, envolvido em abortos e distúrbios do sistema nervoso central. A população reemergente de cavalos de carroceiros utilizados para transportar material reciclável em áreas urbanas de grandes cidades brasileiras na disseminação de doenças, e estes animais podem ser utilizados como sentinelas para vigilância ambiental. Deste modo, no presente estudo foi investigada a frequência de anticorpos anti-Neospora sp. em cavalos de carroceiros da Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, Estado do Paraná, Sul do Brasil. Anticorpos da classe IgG anti-Neospora sp. foram detectados utilizando a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI, e t

  14. Description of Lutzomyia (Pifanomyia robusta n. sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae from Peruvian Equadorean interandean areas

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    Eunice A. Bianchi Galati

    1995-04-01

    Full Text Available Description of Lutzomyia robusta, n. sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae from interandean areas of Peru and Equador. Lutzomyia robusta, n. sp., probable vector of human bartonellosis and cutaneous leishmaniasis, is described and illustrated. This species presents strong affinity with L. serrana (Damasceno & Arouck, 1949 but they can be distinguished by variance analysis of four male characteristics and only one female characteristic. In the variance analysis, populations of L. serrana, of Amazonian areas of Brazil, Peru and Bolivia, the coast of Equador and other areas of Brazil were studied. The synonymy of Lutzomyia guayasi (Rodriguez and L. serrana was corroborated.Descreve-se Lutzomyia (Pifanomyia robusta, sp.n., provável vetora de bartonelose e leishmaniose tegumentar, de ocorrência em vales interandinos no Peru e Equador e que apresenta estreita afinidade com L. serrana (Damasceno e Arouck. A separação de ambas foi possível, por meio de análise de variância de alguns caracteres do macho e apenas um da fêmea. Na análise de variância, foram estudadas populações de L. serrana da região amazônica do Brasil, Peru e Bolívia; costa do Equador; região atlântica e outras áreas do Brasil. Corrobora-se a sinonímia de Phlebotomus guayasi Rodríguez com L. serrana.

  15. Host range of Xanthomonas sp., causal agent of the false red stripe of sugarcane, among grasses

    OpenAIRE

    Mantovani, Elaine Spindola; Marini, Danyelle Cristine; Giglioti, Éder Antônio

    2006-01-01

    Falsa estria vermelha (FEV), uma nova doença causada por Xanthomonas sp., é diferente diferente de todas as outras doenças já descritas em cana-de-açúcar. Ela está distribuída por toda as principais regiões canavieiras do centro-sul do Brasil, mas ainda não foi detectada no norte e nordeste do Brasil nem em qualquer outro país. O presente estudo determinou a gama de culturas e plantas daninhas hospedeiras da bactéria dentre espécies pertencentes às gramíneas, através de inoculação por injeção...

  16. Ano Brasil. Brasil ?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Jatahy Pesavento

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available 2005, Ano Brasil na França. E, para assinalar a data, o prestigioso Grand Palais de Paris abriga Brésil indien, uma exposição que se propõe a combater os clichês. Perguntaria o visitante, curioso: clichês sobre o Brasil?  Não, sobre os povos indígenas, que hoje correspondem a 0,3% da população brasileira, informa o primeiro cartaz explicativo já desde o início do percurso. Uma exposição que se anuncia para dar a ver e sentir uma experiência estética construída como visão de mundo, complement...

  17. Enteroparasitas e Capillaria SP entre o grupo Surui, Parque Indigena Aripuana, Rondonia Enteroparasites and Capillaria SP found in indians of the Surui group, Parque Indigena Aripuana, Rondonia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos E. A. Coimbra Júnior

    1981-09-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta dados de enteroparasitas encontradas em índios da comunidade tribal de Suruí, em Rondônia, na Região Amazônica do Brasil. As seguintes espécies foram encontradas: Ascaris lumbricoides (53,3%, Ancilostomidae (43,3%, Strongyloides stercoralis (33,3%, Taenia sp. (5,8%, Trichuris trichiura (5,0%, Hymenolepis nana (4,1%, Giardia lamblia (3,3%, Entamoeba histolytica complex (0,8% e Enterobius vermicularis (0,1%. O encontro de Capillaria sp. nas fezes de dois individuos é discutido.In this paper data on enteroparasites found in indians of the Surui tribal community in Rondônia, Amazon Region of Brazil, are presented. The following species were detected: Ascaris lumbricoides (53.3%, Ancylostomidae (43.3%, Strongyloides stercoralis (33.3%, Taenia sp. (5.8%, Trichuris trichiura (5.0%, Hymenolepis nana (4.1%, Giardia lambia (3.3%, Entamoeba histolytica complex (0.8% and Enterobius vermicularis (0.1%.

  18. Espécies novas de Trigonisca Moure (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae New species of Trigonisca Moure (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patrícia Maia Correia de Albuquerque

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Algumas espécies novas de Meliponini do gênero Trigonisca Moure, 1950 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae do Brasil e Panamá são descritas: T. roubiki sp. nov. (Panamá, T. variegatifrons sp. nov. (Brasil: RO, PA, MT, T. vitrifrons sp. nov. (Brasil: AM, PA, T. unidentata sp. nov. (Brasil: AM, T. meridionalis sp. nov. (Brasil: PA, MA, MT, MG, SP, T. bidentata sp. nov. (Brasil: RO, T. extrema sp. nov. (Brasil: AM e T. hirticornis sp. nov. (Brasil: RO, PA; e são apresentados novos registros geográficos de T. flavicans (Moure, 1950, T. intermedia Moure, 1989, T. dobzhanskyi (Moure, 1950, T. ceophloei (Schwarz, 1938, T. nataliae (Moure, 1950 e T. pediculana (Fabricius, 1804 e uma chave para identificação das espécies.Some new Meliponini species of the genus Trigonisca Moure, 1950 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae from Brazil and Panamá are described: T. roubiki sp. nov. (Panamá, T. variegatifrons sp. nov. (Brazil: RO, PA, MT, T. vitrifrons sp. nov. (Brazil: AM, PA, T. unidentata sp. nov. (Brazil: AM, T. meridionalis sp. nov. (Brazil: PA, MA, MT, MG, SP, T. bidentata sp. nov. (Brazil: RO, T. extrema sp. nov. (Brazil: AM and T. hirticornis sp. nov. (Brazil: RO, PA; additional geographic records from T. flavicans (Moure, 1950, T. intermedia Moure, 1989, T. dobzhanskyi (Moure, 1950, T. ceophloei (Schwarz, 1938, T. nataliae (Moure, 1950 and T. pediculana (Fabricius, 1804 and an identification key for species are presented.

  19. Coberturas vacinais por doses recebidas e oportunas com base em um registro informatizado de imunização, Araraquara-SP, Brasil, 2012-2014

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    Márcia de Cantuária Tauil

    Full Text Available Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever as coberturas vacinais por tipo de vacina aos 12 e aos 24 meses de idade. Métodos: estudo de coorte descritivo com crianças nascidas em 2012, residentes em Araraquara-SP, Brasil, registradas no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc; realizou-se relacionamento manual dos dados do Sinasc com um registro informatizado de imunização (RII; avaliou-se a situação vacinal pelas recomendações do estado de São Paulo, por doses recebidas e oportunas. Resultados: 2.740 crianças estavam registradas no Sinasc; dessas, 99,6% constavam no RII; entre as 2.612 (95,3% crianças estudadas, a vacina tríplice viral (sarampo, caxumba e rubéola apresentou as menores coberturas aos 12 meses por doses recebidas (74,8% e aos 24 meses por doses oportunas (53,5% e recebidas (88,0%. Conclusão: as coberturas foram superiores a 90% para a maioria das vacinas; entretanto, observou-se atraso vacinal, o que aponta a necessidade de intensificar ações que visem à vacinação oportuna.

  20. IN MEMORIAM RECORDANDO A LOS COLEGAS. CARLOS SERRANO, 1931-2008

    OpenAIRE

    Jaime Ayalde

    2009-01-01

    Conocí a Carlos hace 43 años, cuando fui trasladado de Lima, Perú a Rio de Janeiro, Brasil como Jefe del Proyecto de Malaria de la OPS. Todo esto ocurría en septiembre de 1966. A la sazón el Jefe de la Zona V de OPS era el Dr. Santiago Renjifo quien al día siguiente organizó una reunión del «staff» para darnos la bienvenida y presentarnos al personal profesional de la Zona con sede en Rio, y al personal de apoyo administrativo. En esa reunión el Dr. Renjifo estaba acompañado por Luis Ernesto ...

  1. O gênero Strangalia Audinet-Serville no Norte e Centro-Oeste do Brasil (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lepturinae The genus Strangalia Audinet-Serville in northern and central Brazil (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lepturinae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcela L. Monné

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available As espécies do gênero Strangalia Audinet-Serville do Norte e Centro-Oeste do Brasil são revistas. Strangalia xanthomelaena sp. nov. é descrita de Rondônia e Mato Grosso, Brasil. Dois novos sinônimos são propostos: Ophistomis irene Gounelle, 1911 = Euryptera albicollis Pascoe, 1860; O. paraensis Bates, 1870 = O. bivittatus Bates, 1870. São fornecidas ilustrações e chave para identificação das espécies.The species of the genus Strangalia from northern and central Brazil are revised. Strangalia xanthomelaena sp. nov. is described from Rondônia and Mato Grosso, Brazil. Two new synonyms are proposed: Ophistomis irene Gounelle, 1911 = Euryptera albicollis Pascoe, 1860; O. paraensis Bates, 1870 = O. bivittatus Bates, 1870. Illustrations and key for identification are provided.

  2. Parallel computing by Monte Carlo codes MVP/GMVP

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nagaya, Yasunobu; Nakagawa, Masayuki; Mori, Takamasa

    2001-01-01

    General-purpose Monte Carlo codes MVP/GMVP are well-vectorized and thus enable us to perform high-speed Monte Carlo calculations. In order to achieve more speedups, we parallelized the codes on the different types of parallel computing platforms or by using a standard parallelization library MPI. The platforms used for benchmark calculations are a distributed-memory vector-parallel computer Fujitsu VPP500, a distributed-memory massively parallel computer Intel paragon and a distributed-memory scalar-parallel computer Hitachi SR2201, IBM SP2. As mentioned generally, linear speedup could be obtained for large-scale problems but parallelization efficiency decreased as the batch size per a processing element(PE) was smaller. It was also found that the statistical uncertainty for assembly powers was less than 0.1% by the PWR full-core calculation with more than 10 million histories and it took about 1.5 hours by massively parallel computing. (author)

  3. Composição dos resíduos poliméricos, pós-consumo, gerados no município de São Carlos, SP Composition of post-consumption polymeric wastes generated in the municipality of São Carlos, SP

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    Tássio F. L. Matos

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Os resíduos poliméricos pós-consumo - embalagens plásticas - se destacam nos resíduos sólidos domiciliares, por apresentarem crescimento de participação no lixo urbano e possuírem características como degradação lenta e volumetria elevada, o que compromete a vida útil dos aterros sanitários. Ressalta-se, ainda, o potencial econômico para reutilização e reciclagem dos resíduos poliméricos. Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar a composição percentual, mássica, dos resíduos poliméricos no município de São Carlos, SP. O método adotado para caracterização, para determinação da composição, foi por amostragem, na coleta regular, e pela massa total coletada, na coleta seletiva. Na coleta regular, o número de amostragem compreendeu todos os quinze setores, sendo a massa da amostra obtida por quarteamento. Foi feita uma caracterização no inverno e outra no verão. Destacam-se, nos resultados da coleta regular, os percentuais em massa de 10,47% de resíduos poliméricos, o PET com maior participação (35,96% nas resinas e o uso preferencial em embalagens para alimentação (56,42%, e, na coleta seletiva, os percentuais de 20,60% de resíduos poliméricos, a resina PET com maior participação (50,64% e uso preferencial em embalagens para alimentação (66,06%. Os resultados evidenciam a tendência de crescimento de resíduos de PET e do uso preferencial dos polímeros termoplásticos em embalagens para alimentação.Polymeric wastes have become important in household waste, with increasing contribution to the urban waste. They present the following characteristics: slow degradation and high volume, which compromises the life cycle of sanitary landfills, and may also have economical potential in the re-use and recycle. The objective of this work is to present a characterization of the polymeric wastes conducted in the conventional and selective collection of the municipality of São Carlos, SP. The method adopted

  4. Prurido do traje de banho: relato de seis casos no Sul do Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Rossetto,André Luiz; Mora,Jamesson de Macedo; Correa,Patrícia Rossetto; Resgalla Junior,Charrid; Proença,Luís Antônio de Oliveira; Silveira,Fábio Lang da; Haddad Junior,Vidal

    2007-01-01

    O prurido do traje de banho ou seabather’s eruption é uma dermatite intensamente pruriginosa que ocorre pelo contato com larvas plânulas do cnidário cifozoário Linuche unguiculata, especialmente sob os trajes de banhistas. As larvas disparam seus nematocistos a partir de cnidócitos ou células urticantes de defesa na pele da vítima, causando uma típica erupção pápulo-eritemato-pruriginosa. Os primeiros cinco casos descritos no Brasil foram publicados em 2001, no litoral Sudeste (Ubatuba, SP), ...

  5. ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DE DADOS GEOGRÁFICOS: A UTILIZAÇÃO DA EXPLORATORY SPATIAL DATA ANALYSIS - ESDA PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ÁREAS CRÍTICAS DE ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO CARLOS (SP / Spatial analysis of Geographic Data: the use of the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis - ESDA for identification of critical areas of traffic accidents in the São Carlos (SP

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    Msc. Luciano dos Santos

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available The Spatial Analysis is one of the some forms of if understanding as some spatial events arerelationships. Currently, this technique to see being incorporated for diverse areas of the knowledgesuch as, the health areas, has carried and transit. This work has as objective to demonstrate theapplication of the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis - ESDA, for the identification of criticalareas of traffic accidents in cities of average transport, having as study area the São Carlos - SP -Brazil. In this study it was possible to demonstrate to the viability of use of this technique, since itwas possible to incorporate new parameters of analysis of the accidents being provided new waysfor identification of problematic areas, facilitating its analysis.

  6. Estudo da ocorrência de enteroparasitas em hortaliças comercializadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo - SP, Brasil: II - Pesquisa de protozoários intestinais Study of the occurrence of intestinal parasites os vegetables comercially traded in the metropolitan area of S.Paulo, SP - Brazil: II - Research into protozoan cysts

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    Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira

    1992-10-01

    Full Text Available Foram analisadas hortaliças "in natura", comercializadas na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, SP-Brasil, visando à pesquisa e à identificação de cistos de protozoários de interesse médico. As hortaliças, constituídas de 50 amostras de cada variedade, consistiram em: alface (Lactuca sativa, variedades lisa e crespa, escarola (Chichorium sp e agrião (Nasturtium officinale. Os resultados evidenciaram elevados percentuais de contaminação em todas as variedades de hortaliças analisadas, porém as freqüências de protozoários foram maiores no agrião. As amostras de alfaces apresentaram os menores percentuais de contaminação, enquanto que a escarola apresentou valores geralmente situados entre o agrião e as alfaces. Observou-se uma grande variedade de protozoários, cujas freqüências de ocorrência na população residente na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo são igualmente elevadas. Os mais freqüentes foram Entamoeba sp (com 4 e 8 núcleos e Giardia sp. Foram também isolados cistos de Iodamoeba sp, Endolimax sp e Chilomastix sp. Os elevados níveis de contaminação fecal encontrados nas amostras analisadas apontam para a importância dos alimentos na transmissão de protozoários intestinais.Vegetables in natura , commercially traded in the metropolitan area of S.Paulo, Brazil, were analised by means of the appropriate methodology with a view to discovering and identifying protozoan cysts of medical interest. The vegetables under study consisted of 50 samples of each of the variaties listed bel ow: lettuce (Lactuca sativa - oily leaves and crisphead varieties, endive (Chicorium sp and water-cress (Nasturtium officinale. Results showed high rates of contamination in all the varieties of vegetable analysed. However, the water-cress was the one which presented the highest frequencies of enteroparasites. Both the oily leafes and crisphead varieties of lettuce presented the lowest rates of contamination, whereas endive

  7. A ciência como profissão: entrevista com Carlos Chagas Filho Science as a profession: an interview with Carlos Chagas Filho

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    Nara Azevedo

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available A edição desta entrevista privilegia aspectos da extensa trajetória profissional de Carlos Chagas Filho, fundador do Instituto de Biofísica da Universidade do Brasil, atual Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Evidencia seu papel científico e político na ciência brasileira e no cenário internacional. As memórias de Chagas Filho abrangem a vivência no Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, onde iniciou seu treinamento científico; os esforços para estruturar o Laboratório de Física Biológica, sucedido pelo Instituto de Biofísica; a atuação no Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas e na Academia Brasileira de Ciências; a participação na Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura; a presidência da Academia Pontifícia do Vaticano, que o leva a tecer considerações sobre a relação entre ciência e religião.The editing of this interview focuses on aspects of the extensive professional career of Carlos Chagas Filho, who was the founder of the Instituto de Biofísica of the Universidade do Brasil, currently the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. It highlights the scientific and political role he played in Brazilian science and on the international scene. His memoirs include his experience at the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, where he began his scientific training; the efforts to create the Laboratório de Física Biológica, succeeded by the Instituto de Biofísica; his work on the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas and the Academia Brasileira de Ciências; the part he played at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; his time as president of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences of the Vatican, which led him to ponder questions about the relationship between science and religion.

  8. CARTA DE POTENCIAL À EROSÃO LAMINAR DA PARTE SUPERIOR DA BACIA DO CÓRREGO DO MONJOLINHO (SÃO CARLOS, SP

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    Nemésio N. B. Salvador

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available The urban areas in expansion, through the opening of new land parceling, require for their implementation, great movimentation and exposition of unconsolidated material, facilitating the appearing of erosive process. Monjolinho Stream's basin, in its superior part, fits in the kind of area next to the urban perimeter of Sao Carlos city (SP, consequently being submitted to an intensive antropic occupation. The objective of this work, with a preventive character, was to permit that, with the basic previous information, a land use and occupation chart can be elaborated in the future, including the basic zoning of the restrict occupation areas, the expansion urban areas and the common areas. Through the analysis of the results, it was observed that this region of Monjolinho stream's basin, mapped in the scale 1:10,000, doesn't show high potential areas to laminar erosion. There is a predominance of low potential areas (53% of total area, that can be explained by the great space occupied by pasturage, which keep the vegetal covering. The moderate potential areas (47% of total area require being adopted steps to avoid the appearing and development of graver erosive process (rill and gully erosion.

  9. Monte Carlo codes and Monte Carlo simulator program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Higuchi, Kenji; Asai, Kiyoshi; Suganuma, Masayuki.

    1990-03-01

    Four typical Monte Carlo codes KENO-IV, MORSE, MCNP and VIM have been vectorized on VP-100 at Computing Center, JAERI. The problems in vector processing of Monte Carlo codes on vector processors have become clear through the work. As the result, it is recognized that these are difficulties to obtain good performance in vector processing of Monte Carlo codes. A Monte Carlo computing machine, which processes the Monte Carlo codes with high performances is being developed at our Computing Center since 1987. The concept of Monte Carlo computing machine and its performance have been investigated and estimated by using a software simulator. In this report the problems in vectorization of Monte Carlo codes, Monte Carlo pipelines proposed to mitigate these difficulties and the results of the performance estimation of the Monte Carlo computing machine by the simulator are described. (author)

  10. Pore-Width-Dependent Preferential Interaction of sp2 Carbon Atoms in Cyclohexene with Graphitic Slit Pores by GCMC Simulation

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    Natsuko Kojima

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available The adsorption of cyclohexene with two sp2 and four sp3 carbon atoms in graphitic slit pores was studied by performing grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation. The molecular arrangement of the cyclohexene on the graphitic carbon wall depends on the pore width. The distribution peak of the sp2 carbon is closer to the pore wall than that of the sp3 carbon except for the pore width of 0.7 nm, even though the Lennard-Jones size of the sp2 carbon is larger than that of the sp3 carbon. Thus, the difference in the interactions of the sp2 and sp3 carbon atoms of cyclohexene with the carbon pore walls is clearly observed in this study. The preferential interaction of sp2 carbon gives rise to a slight tilting of the cyclohexene molecule against the graphitic wall. This is suggestive of a π-π interaction between the sp2 carbon in the cyclohexene molecule and graphitic carbon.

  11. Tomorrowland Brasil e Itu/Sp: um estudo de caso sobre a relação entre um grande evento e um pequeno município

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    Julia Nicolosi Bosso

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho se configura como um estudo de caso exploratório baseado na metodologia de Yin (2010, onde a cidade de Itu/SP e o Tomorrowland Brasil foram investigados sob a temática da relação estabelecida entre a realização de um grande evento e o pequeno município onde ele ocorre. Descrever os principais inputs e outputs do festival; verificar as expectativas do atores envolvidos e; identificar o real envolvimento entre o trade turístico, a municipalidade e a organização do evento foram os principais objetivos estabelecidos. Esses objetivos foram alcançados a partir de revisão bibliográfica e documental; das visitas a campo e; das aplicações de questionários e entrevistas. Após a coleta, as evidências foram sistematizadas e analisadas, proporcionando uma reflexão sobre o caso, exposto em forma de relatório. O estudo balizado por conceitos de autores como Andrade (2002; Bienenstein (2011; Sarmento (2007/13; Vilaça (2010; entre outros, apresentou como principais resultados a ínfima articulação do poder público tanto com a organização do evento, como com os empreendimentos ligados a oferta turística do município e; o evento como principal receptor dos turistas, que concentra e oferece produtos e serviços que suprem as necessidades dos participantes do festival, dificultando o contato dos mesmos com a população autóctone. A problemática foi escolhida devido ao seu caráter atual e sua crescente expansão nas discussões acadêmicas. O trabalho buscou, principalmente, cooperar com as bibliografias sobre o tema e alertar sobre os impactos causados por acontecimentos como o Tomorrowland Brasil. Por isso, pretendeu ser de importância tanto para a academia como para a sociedade.

  12. Abutilon ornamental (Abutilon sp. - Malvaceae mostrando pústulas de Synchytrium australe Pustules on stems, leaves and pods of ornamental abutilon (Abutilon sp. caused by Synchytrium australe

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    Mário Barreto Figueiredo

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Plantas de abutilon recebidas para análise fitopatológica pelo Instituto Biológico, São Paulo, Brasil mostrando como sintomas pústulas semelhantes a ferrugem (Uredinales sobre folhas e caule foram estudadas para determinar o agente causal. Numerosos esporângios amarelos característicos de fungos zoospóricos pertencentes à Ordem Chytridiales foram encontrados no interior de galhas superficiais. Com base no estudo de KARLING (1955, o patógeno foi identificado como Synchytrium australe Speg. O material foi herborizado e armazenado no Herbário Micológico do Instituto Biológico sob o número IBI/SP 11975. Esta foi a primeira constatação desta espécie no Brasil.The genus Abutilon includes a large number of ornamental species with nice foliage and flowers. The different species are known under several common names as Indian mallow, China jute, butterprint, etc. Plants of abutilon received for phytopathological analysis by the Instituto Biologico, São Paulo, Brazil showing curious rust like symptoms (pustules on leaves, stems and pods were studied to determine the causal agent. Numerous yellow sporangia characteristic of zoosporic fungi belonging to the Order Chytridiales were found within the superficial intact galls. Based on KARLING (1955 paper the pathogen was identified as Synchytrium australe Speg. The voucher material was saved and settled in the Mycological Herbarium of the Institution under the number IBI/SP 11975. This was the first report of the occurrence of this species in Brazil.

  13. Metazoan endoparasites of Serrasalmus marginatus (Characiformes: Serrasalminae in the Negro River, Pantanal, Brazil Metazoários endoparasitos de Serrasalmus marginatus (Characiformes: Serrasalminae no Rio Negro, Pantanal, Brasil

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    Wagner Vicentin

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available In order to inventory the metazoan endoparasites of Serrasalmus marginatus, 91 specimens were examined. They were captured in the Negro River in Pantanal wetland, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Central-Western Brazil, from October 2007 to August 2008. Parasites of six taxa were recovered: Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus inopinatus, Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda, metacercarial type Diplostomulum (Digenea, Brevimulticaecum sp. (Nematoda and Sebekia oxycephala, Subtriquetra sp. 1 and Subtriquetra sp. 2 (Pentastomida. The latter five species are reported for the first time in S. marginatus.Com o objetivo de inventariar os metazoários endoparasitos em Serrasalmus marginatus, no Rio Negro, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, foram examinados 91 espécimes capturados no período de outubro de 2007 a agosto de 2008. Foram registrados seis táxons parasitos: Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus inopinatus, Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda, metacercária do tipo Diplostomulum (Digenea; Brevimulticaecum sp. (Nematoda; e Sebekia oxycephala, Subtriquetra sp. 1 e Subtriquetra sp. 2 (Pentastomida. As últimas cinco espécies citadas são registradas pela primeira vez em S. marginatus.

  14. Nova espécie de Bronia Gray, 1845, do Estado do Tocantins, Brasil (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae

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    Carolina Castro-Mello

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Bronia saxosa, sp. n., localidade tipo UHE Luis Eduardo Magalhães, Estado do Tocantins, difere das demais espécies de Bronia Gray, 1865, principalmente por possuir nasais pequenas separadas pela rostral. A nova espécie possui 4 poros, 253-272 anéis corporais, 17-21 anéis caudais, 18-24/1621 segmentos em um anel no meio do corpo.Bronia saxosa, sp. n. from the state of Tocantins, Brasil, (Hydroelectric Dam Luis Eduardo Magalhães, 09°45'S, 48°21'W, a cerrado area, differs from the remainining species of the genus mainly by having small nasals scutes separated by the rostral. It has (82 specimens 4 preanal pores, 253-272 body annuli, 17-21 tail annuli and 18-24/16-21 segments to a midbody annulus.

  15. Um novo gênero e espécie de Schizomyiina (Diptera, Cedidomyiidae associados com Piperaceae no Brasil A new genus and species of Schizomyiina (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae associated with Piperaceae from Brazil

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    Valéria Cid Maia

    Full Text Available Parametasphondylia piperis (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliini, Schizomyiina, um novo gênero e espécie galhadora associada com Piper sp. (Piperaceae é descrita e ilustrada (larva, pupa, macho e fêmea com base em material obtido em Minas Gerais, Brasil.Parametasphondylia piperis (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Asphondyliini, Schizomyiina, a new gall maker genus and species associated with Piper sp. (Piperaceae is described and illustrated (larva, pupa, male and female based on material obtained from Minas Gerais, Brazil.

  16. MARCA BRASIL - FICÇÃO OU REALIDADE?: uma análise das iniciativas da APEX-Brasil para a construção da marca Brasil

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    DANIELA MOTTA R. KHAUAJA

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Vivemos em uma economia global e é urgente que o Brasil, por meio de seus governantes e empresariado, busque a inserção nessa economia de forma mais efetiva. A marca-país pode ajudar na criação de uma forte identidade para o país, o que tende a colaborar com a venda de produtos oriundos desse país. O presente estudo se propõe a analisar como a marca Brasil foi construída e como ela tem sido explorada pelo governo brasileiro para ajudar na inserção de produtos nacionais no comércio internacional. Para tal, foi feita uma revisão da literatura, abordando conceitos relevantes e relativos ao marketing global, a produtos e marcas globais e à marca-país. Em seguida, explicitou-se o método do estudo e fez-se a análise da construção da marca Brasil e das iniciativas do governo brasileiro, mais especificamente da Agência de Promoção de Exportações do Brasil (Apex-Brasil, à construção da marca Brasil. A iniciativa da criação da marca Brasil, embora tardia, parece muito louvável, mas, por sua tímida utilização, a marca Brasil ainda parece mais ficção do que realidade.

  17. Alphus marinonii sp. nov., nova espécie para o Peru e Brasil (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae

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    Diego de Santana Souza

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Alphus marinonii sp. nov., new species from Peru and Brazil (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae. A new species of Alphus, A. marinonii sp. nov., from Peru and Brazil (Rondônia is described. Key to identification and pictures for the four species of the genus are provided. Notes on distribution of A. tuberosus are included, with a new record for Peru and Brazil (Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul.

  18. Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Sampling

    CERN Document Server

    Lemieux, Christiane

    2009-01-01

    Presents essential tools for using quasi-Monte Carlo sampling in practice. This book focuses on issues related to Monte Carlo methods - uniform and non-uniform random number generation, variance reduction techniques. It covers several aspects of quasi-Monte Carlo methods.

  19. Dilemas e desafios diante do acesso ao Programa Brasil Quilombola: A realidade vivenciada pela comunidade Marques (Dilemmas and challenges facing access to the Quilombola Brazil Program: The reality experienced by the Marques community

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    Sidimara Cristina Souza

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar o acesso aos benefícios ofertados pelo Programa Brasil Quilombola, no interior da comunidade Marques no município de Carlos Chagas, situado no Vale do Mucuri no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Esta comunidade foi certificada em 2005 pela Fundação Cultural Palmares como “remanescente de quilombos”. Para a realização da pesquisa que deu origem a este artigo, utilizou-se como técnica a entrevista individual semiestruturada, bem como a observação de campo. A análise dos dados permite afirmar que o acesso aos benefícios ofertados pelo Programa Brasil Quilombola é extremamente restrito, e que a falta de comunicação entre os executores do programa e os possíveis usuários, assim como as falhas de execução, são os principais responsáveis pela ineficiência e inacessibilidade ao programa. Palavras-chave: Programa Brasil Quilombola. Comunidade Marques. Remanescente de Quilombo.  ABSTRACT This article aims to evaluate the access to the benefits offered by the Brasil Quilombola Program, within the Marques community in the municipality of Carlos Chagas, located in the Mucuri Valley in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This community was certified in 2005 by the Palmares Cultural Foundation as "remnants of quilombos". For the accomplishment of the research that originated this article, it was used as technique the semi-structured individual interview, as well as the field observation. The analysis of the data allows to affirm that the access to the benefits offered by the Brasil Quilombola Program is extremely restricted, and that the lack of communication between the executor of the program and the possible users, as well as the execution failures, are the main ones responsible for the inefficiency and inaccessibility to the program.Keywords: Brazil Quilombola Program. Community Marques. Remnant of Quilombo. 

  20. Roedores inventariados em hospital veterinário e fragmento de mata nativa da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, Brasil: caracterização populacional e infecção por Leptospira sp.

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    Bevilacqua Paula Dias

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Os roedores podem transmitir enfermidades para o ser humano e animais, além de provocar diversos prejuízos econômicos. Objetivou-se estudar a população de roedores existente em um hospital veterinário universitário e em um fragmento de mata atlântica nativa, ambos os locais localizados na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, Brasil. No hospital veterinário, foram analisadas as variáveis espécies, sexo, período reprodutivo, sazonalidade, presença de Leptospira sp. em fragmento renal e anticorpos anti-Leptospira em amostras de soro; os animais silvestre foram analisados segundo a presença de Leptospira sp. em fragmento renal. No hospital veterinário, foram capturados 72 animais, 22 (30,6% caracterizados segundo a espécie Rattus rattus, sendo a maioria (66,7% capturada no setor de pequenos animais. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre machos e fêmeas em período reprodutivo chi2=1,85; p=0,174; alfa=0,05. Houve captura de animais em todos os meses do ano, sendo que os meses janeiro (12,5%, fevereiro (15,2%, maio (15,2% e julho (16,7% apresentaram as maiores proporções e agosto (2,8%, setembro (4,2% e outubro (1,4%, as menores. Não foram encontrados animais positivos para leptospirose através do teste sorológico da microaglutinação e da pesquisa histopatológica. Os gêneros capturados no fragmento de mata foram: 16 (50% OligOryzomis sp, 11 (34,3% Akodon sp, 3 (9,3% Oximicterus sp, 1(3,2% Bolomys sp, 1 (3,2% Oryzomis sp. Também nesses não se encontrou resultado positivo na pesquisa histopatológica. A presença de Rattus rattus no hospital veterinário é explicada pela existência de locais que servem de esconderijo e de alimento disponível em quantidade e qualidade adequada a esta espécie. Estas condições predispõem à manutenção de roedores durante todo o ano e de machos e fêmeas aptos para a reprodução. A ausência de roedores com resultados positivos para leptospirose não os exime

  1. Draft genome sequences of six neonatal meningitis-causing escherichia coli isolates (SP-4, SP-5, SP-13, SP-16, SP-46, and SP-65)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neonatal meningitis Escherichia coli isolates (SP-4, SP-5, SP-13, SP-16, SP-46, and SP-65) were recovered from infants in the Netherlands from 1989 to 1997. Here, we report the draft genome sequences for these six E. coli isolates, which are currently being used to validate food safety processing te...

  2. Novos táxons de Lamiinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae da América do Sul

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    Maria Helena M. Galileo

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Novos táxons descritos: Acanthoderini, Nesozineus osorioensis sp. nov., do Brasil (Rio Grande do Sul; Calliini, Drycothaea clara sp. nov., do Brasil (Rondônia e Drycothaea hovorei sp. nov., do Equador (Napo; Forsteriini, Itacolomi gen. nov., espécie-tipo I. letiziae sp. nov., do Brasil (Minas Gerais; Yapyguara gen. nov., espécie-tipo Y. fusca sp. nov., da Bolívia (Santa Cruz; Xenofreini, Xenofrea zischkai sp. nov., do Equador (Napo e da Bolívia (Santa Cruz.

  3. Cultivation of Hylocerus sp. focusing on vegetative propagation, shading and mineral fertiliser=Cultivo de Hylocereus sp. com enfoque na propagação vegetativa, sombreamento e adubação mineral

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edmilson Igor Bernardo Almeida

    2016-06-01

    mercado. Contudo, ainda são escassos estudos e informações sobre essa cultura, principalmente nas condições edafoclimáticas brasileiras. Atualmente, no Brasil, há áreas de cultivo comercial de pitaia vermelha, embasadas em informações adaptadas de países como Colômbia, Israel, México e Vietnã, pioneiros e com maior experiência no cultivo dessa frutífera. As informações geradas no estado de São Paulo são, também, utilizadas para outras regiões produtoras do Brasil, porém, são insipientes e insuficientes para que se atinjam as máximas produtividades potenciais. Informações básicas referentes à propagação vegetativa, sombreamento e nutrição mineral não foram definidos cientificamente e constituemse em limitações ao desenvolvimento e produção da cultura no País, particularmente na região Nordeste. Desse modo, objetivou-se fazer uma breve apresentação da cultura da pitaia vermelha e reunir os resultados científicos relevantes, de modo que possam contribuir para potencializar a exploração dessa cultura no Brasil. Os estudos realizados com Hylocereus sp. no estado do Ceará e demais regiões produtoras do Brasil apontam excelente adaptação dessa espécie às condições edafoclimáticas brasileiras e denotam o seu elevado potencial produtivo. Algumas características, como o fácil enraizamento de estacas, aclimatação ao cultivo sob pleno sol, resposta positiva à adubação mineral e precocidade de produção, tornam a Hylocereus sp. uma opção potencial para diversificação da fruticultura irrigada no Brasil.

  4. Descriptions of new species with a key to identification of the genus Neodexiopsis Malloch (Diptera, Muscidae in Brazil Descrição de novas espécies e chave de identificação do gênero Neodexiopsis Malloch (Diptera, Muscidae no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nise do Carmo Costacurta

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available Nine new species of Neodexiopsis Malloch from Paraná, southern Brazil, are described: Neodexiopsis cinerea sp. nov. and N. paranaensis sp. nov. from Ponta Grossa; N. facilis sp. nov., N. legitima sp. nov., N. similis sp. nov. and N. uber sp. nov. from Guarapuava; N. erecta sp. nov., N. pura sp. nov. and N. rara sp. nov. from Colombo. A key to the identification of the Brazilian species of Neodexiopsis is also presented.Nove espécies novas de Neodexiopsis Malloch do Paraná, sul do Brasil, são descritas: Neodexiopsis cinerea sp. nov. e N. paranaensis sp. nov. de Ponta Grossa; N. facilis sp. nov., N. legitima sp. nov., N. similis sp. nov. e N. uber sp. nov. de Guarapuava; N. erecta sp. nov., N. pura sp. nov. e N. rara sp. nov. de Colombo. É incluída também uma chave de identificação das espécies brasileiras de Neodexiopsis.

  5. Non-symbiotic bacterial diazotrophs from of agricultural crops of San Carlos. Córdoba, Colombia

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    Cecilia Lara Mantilla

    2007-07-01

    Full Text Available Diazotrophic Azotobacter sp and Azospirrillum sp bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of plantain, (Musa paradisiaca, corn, wheat and fallow areas (uncultivated, but covered by fallen leaves in the San Carlos region (in the Sinú valley in the Córdoba department, Colombia. Microbial populations were identified by biochemical tests; physiological characters were examined using Gram reaction in different mediums: Burk’s, Ashby and Jensen’s (Azotobacter sp and Burk’s, NFB and Congo-red medium (Azospirillum sp. The study was aimed at determining ion ammonium production from Azotobacter sp and Azospirrillum sp isolates; ion ammonium was quantified according to Berthelot’s colorimetric technique (phenol-hypochlorite. This method was modified and standardised in line with using a Perkin-Elmer Lamba 11 UV-Vis spectrometer. As a result of this study, 14 isolates have been shown to be ammonium-producers at concentrations ranging from 0.9 mg/l to 5.2 mg/l; A16PG (5.1545 mg/l and A26M1P (5.1743 mg/l yielded the highest ammonium concentrations for Azotobacter sp and A5M1G (4.6741 mg/l for Azospirrillum sp. Biological N2 fixation (BNF by associative diazotrophic bacteria has contributed towards increasing harvest yield, thereby reducing the need for nitrogenised fertilisers and the emission of greenhouse gases (such as N2O and obtaining economic and environmental benefits for farming.

  6. Meliponini Neotropicais: o gênero Dolichotrigona Moure (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae Neotropical Meliponini: the genus Dolichotrigona Moure (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João M. F. Camargo

    2005-03-01

    Full Text Available O gênero neotropical de abelhas-sem-ferrão Dolichotrigona Moure, 1950, é revisado. Sete espécies novas são descritas: D. mendersoni sp. nov. (Brasil: AM, AC, RO, D. clavicornis sp. nov. (Brasil: AC, D. rondoni sp. nov. (Brasil: RO, D. tavaresi sp. nov. (Brasil: AM, AC, D. browni sp. nov. (Brasil: RO, AC, MT; Peru, Equador, Bolívia, D. moratoi sp. nov. (Brasil, AM, AC e D. chachapoya sp. nov. (Peru. O holótipo de Trigona martinezi Brèthes, 1920, e o lectótipo de Melipona longitarsis Ducke, 1916 - aqui designado -, foram examinados e redescritos. Trigona schulthessi Friese, 1900, foi interpretada com base na literatura. Chave para identificação das espécies e ilustrações dos principais caracteres diagnósticos são apresentadas.The Neotropical stingless bees genus Dolichotrigona Moure, 1950, is revised. Seven new species are described: D. mendersoni sp. nov. (Brazil: AM, AC, RO, D. clavicornis sp. nov. (Brazil: AC, D. rondoni sp. nov. (Brazil: RO, D. tavaresi sp. nov. (Brazil: AM, AC, D. browni sp. nov. (Brazil: RO, AC, MT; Peru, Equador, Bolivia, D. moratoi sp. nov. (Brazil, AM, AC and D. chachapoya sp. nov. (Peru. The holotype of Trigona martinezi Brèthes, 1920, and the lectotype of Melipona longitarsis Ducke, 1916 - herein designated -, were examined and redescribed. Trigona schulthessi Friese, 1900, was interpreted based on the literature. Identification key for species and illustrations of the main diagnostic characters are presented.

  7. Confiabilidade estrutural de uma ponte protendida de madeira considerando o tráfego real

    OpenAIRE

    Cheung,Andrés Batista; Scaliante,Ricardo de Mello; Lindquist,Malton; Christoforo,André Luis; Calil Junior,Carlito

    2017-01-01

    Resumo As pontes protendidas de madeira consistem em sistemas estruturais alternativos, mais leves do que as pontes tradicionais, e apresentam grande rigidez e facilidade de montagem. No Brasil a primeira ponte protendida de madeira foi projetada e construída sobre o Rio Monjolinho, em São Carlos, SP. A confiabilidade desse tipo de estrutura é um dos pontos de maior preocupação técnica, embora essa forma de avaliação ainda não seja utilizada em projetos de pontes de madeira. Este trabalho obj...

  8. New species of the treehopper tribe Amastrini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae Novas espécies de membracídeos da tribo Amastrini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae

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    Olívia Evangelista

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Three new species of Amastris Stål and one of Erosne Stål are described and illustrated. Amastris rotheai sp. nov. (Paraiba, Brazil, A. gibberula sp. nov. (Mato Grosso, Brazil, A. comarapa sp. nov. (Santa Cruz, Bolivia, and Erosne parvula sp. nov. (Paraiba, Brazil.Três novas espécies de Amastris Stål e uma de Erosne Stål são descritas e ilustradas. Amastris rotheai sp. nov. (Paraíba, Brasil, A. gibberula sp. nov. (Mato Grosso, Brasil, A. comarapa sp. nov. (Santa Cruz, Bolívia e Erosne parvula sp. nov. (Paraíba, Brasil.

  9. Receiver Architectures for MIMO-OFDM Based on a Combined VMP-SP Algorithm

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Manchón, Carles Navarro; Kirkelund, Gunvor Elisabeth; Riegler, Erwin

    2011-01-01

    , such as the sum-product (SP) and variational message passing (VMP) algorithms, have become increasingly popular. In this contribution, we apply a combined VMP-SP message-passing technique to the design of receivers for MIMO-ODFM systems. The message-passing equations of the combined scheme can be obtained from......Iterative information processing, either based on heuristics or analytical frameworks, has been shown to be a very powerful tool for the design of efficient, yet feasible, wireless receiver architectures. Within this context, algorithms performing message-passing on a probabilistic graph...... assessment of our solutions, based on Monte Carlo simulations, corroborates the high performance of the proposed algorithms and their superiority to heuristic approaches....

  10. Amenazas y oportunidades del comercio brasileño con China. Lecciones para Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Fernando Augusto Mansor de Mattos; Marcelo Dias Carcanholo

    2012-01-01

    En 2009, China se convirtió en el principal socio comercial de Brasil. La intensificación de las relaciones comerciales entre ambos países en los últimos años ha provocado rápidos cambios en los resultados agregados y en el perfil de la balanza comercial brasileña. Por un lado, ha permitido una importante expansión de las exportaciones brasileñas, pero muy concentradas en productos de bajo contenido tecnológico, como las materias primas agrícolas y minerales. Por otra parte, se ha producido u...

  11. ROTULAGEM DE TRANSGÊNICOS NO BRASIL: O RETROCESSO DO PL N° 4.181/08

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    Jorge Brunetti Suzuki

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Tramita no Senado Federal o Projeto de Lei n° 4.148/08, do Deputado Luiz Carlos Heinz, que pretende alterar o sistema de rotulagem de transgênicos no Brasil. Atualmente, a Lei de Biossegurança, que abriga questões alimentares e ambientais junto com o princípio da informação que rege o Direito do Consumidor, determina que qualquer produto com mais de 1% (um por cento de transgênico em sua composição apresente as respectivas informações em seu rótulo. Se aprovado o Projeto, a rotulagem demandará, antes, estudo que detecte a incidência e a proporção de organismos geneticamente modificados, bem como retirará das embalagens o símbolo característico dos transgênicos. Este artigo apresenta as questões que envolvem os alimentos transgênicos no Brasil, bem como o tratamento legal referente à rotulagem, segurança alimentar e meio ambiente, para, ao final, demonstrar o retrocesso jurídico e funcional que reside no PL n° 4.148/08.

  12. QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA UTILIZADA PARA CONSUMO EM ESCOLAS E CRECHES NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO CARLOS - SP

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    Paola Andressa SCURACCHIO

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Sabe-se da importância de se tratar a água destinada ao consumo humano, pois alterações nas características física, química e/ou microbiológica tem sido associadas a diversos problemas de saúde, além disso, a qualidade da água destinada ao consumo humano deve atender aos padrões de potabilidade estabelecidos pela Portaria n. 518/2004 do Ministério da Saúde. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade da água utilizada em escolas e creches municipais da cidade de São CarlosSP. Foram selecionados 31 estabelecimentos de ensino sendo 17 escolas e 14 creches, em cada uma delas foram colhidas duas amostras de água em três pontos distintos – 62 no ponto de entrada da rede, 62 do reservatório e 62 de filtros domésticos - totalizando 186 amostras, com intervalo de três meses, para verificar possíveis diferenças nos pontos de colheita e em ocasiões diferentes. As amostras foram avaliadas para os seguintes parâmetros: presença de coliformes totais, Escherichia coli, contagem de bactérias heterotróficas mesó- filas, determinação do pH, turbidez, cor, concentração de flúor e de cloro residual livre. O maior número de amostras fora do padrão para coliformes totais foi proveniente dos filtros e da rede, para bactérias heterotróficas a maior parte das amostras fora do padrão foi colhida nos filtros. Nas análises físico-químicas o maior número de amostras fora do padrão ocorreu na rede para pH, na rede e no filtro para flúor, no filtro para cloro residual livre e no reservatório para turbidez. O parâmetro com maior número de amostras inadequadas foi flúor. É necessário maior atenção com a conservação, limpeza e manutenção dos reservatórios prediais e filtros nas escolas e creches de São Carlos, visto que, a água analisada estava imprópria para o consumo.

  13. Canonical Least-Squares Monte Carlo Valuation of American Options: Convergence and Empirical Pricing Analysis

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    Xisheng Yu

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The paper by Liu (2010 introduces a method termed the canonical least-squares Monte Carlo (CLM which combines a martingale-constrained entropy model and a least-squares Monte Carlo algorithm to price American options. In this paper, we first provide the convergence results of CLM and numerically examine the convergence properties. Then, the comparative analysis is empirically conducted using a large sample of the S&P 100 Index (OEX puts and IBM puts. The results on the convergence show that choosing the shifted Legendre polynomials with four regressors is more appropriate considering the pricing accuracy and the computational cost. With this choice, CLM method is empirically demonstrated to be superior to the benchmark methods of binominal tree and finite difference with historical volatilities.

  14. Study on the Hymenoptera parasitoid associated with Lepidoptera larvae in reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste) São Carlos, SP, Brazil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pereira, A G; Silva, R B; Dias, M M; Penteado-Dias, A M

    2015-11-01

    The aim of this study was to characterize the local fauna of Hymenoptera parasitoids associated with Lepidoptera larvae in areas of reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, Brazil). Lepidoptera larvae collected with entomological umbrella were kept in the laboratory until emergence of adults or their parasitoids. From those collected in the agrosilvopastoral system, emerged 267 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids belonging to 16 genera: Braconidae, Agathidinae (Alabagrus), Braconinae (Bracon), Microgastrinae (Cotesia, Diolcogaster, Glyptapanteles, Pholetesor and Protapanteles), Orgilinae (Orgilus); Ichneumonidae, Campopleginae (Casinaria, Charops and Microcharops); Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Brachymeria and Conura); Eulophidae, Entedoninae (Horismenus), Eulophinae (Elachertus and Euplectrus). From the Lepidoptera larvae collected in the reforestation, emerged 68 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids, belonging to 8 genera: Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Conura); Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae (Neotheronia), Campopleginae (Charops and Microcharops) and Braconidae, Microgastrinae (Apanteles, Diolcogaster, Distatrix, Glyptapanteles and Protapanteles). The results of this study suggest the occurrence of a wide variety of Hymenoptera parasitoids in the studied environments.

  15. Study on the Hymenoptera parasitoid associated with Lepidoptera larvae in reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. G. Pereira

    Full Text Available Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the local fauna of Hymenoptera parasitoids associated with Lepidoptera larvae in areas of reforestation and agrosilvopastoral systems at Fazenda Canchim (Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Lepidoptera larvae collected with entomological umbrella were kept in the laboratory until emergence of adults or their parasitoids. From those collected in the agrosilvopastoral system, emerged 267 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids belonging to 16 genera: Braconidae, Agathidinae (Alabagrus, Braconinae (Bracon, Microgastrinae (Cotesia, Diolcogaster, Glyptapanteles, Pholetesor and Protapanteles, Orgilinae (Orgilus; Ichneumonidae, Campopleginae (Casinaria, Charops and Microcharops; Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Brachymeria and Conura; Eulophidae, Entedoninae (Horismenus, Eulophinae (Elachertus and Euplectrus. From the Lepidoptera larvae collected in the reforestation, emerged 68 specimens of hymenopteran parasitoids, belonging to 8 genera: Chalcididae, Chalcidinae (Conura; Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae (Neotheronia, Campopleginae (Charops and Microcharops and Braconidae, Microgastrinae (Apanteles, Diolcogaster, Distatrix, Glyptapanteles and Protapanteles. The results of this study suggest the occurrence of a wide variety of Hymenoptera parasitoids in the studied environments.

  16. Occurrence and parasitism of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae on cultivars of irrigated oat (Avena spp. in São Carlos, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Júlio Cesar Ronquim

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available The interactions between aphids and their Hymenopteran parasitoids on irrigated oats as well as the response of different cultivars of cereals regarding the resistance to these aphids and the influence on the host/parasitoid relationships were studied during two years in São Carlos, Brazil. Rhopalosiphum padi (L. was the predominant aphid observed throughout the study, while the other species were rarely found. Five species of parasitic Hymenoptera were found: three primary parasitoids, Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, Aphidius colemani (Viereck and Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh and two hyperparasitoids, Syrphophagus aphidivorus (Myer and Alloxysta brassicae (Ashmead. The UPF 86081 cultivar presented significant results regarding lower Rhopalosiphum padi contamination and higher aphid parasitism rates than those observed on some other cultivars. No significant effect on the percentage variation of parasitoid emergence on the mummified aphids was observed throughout this study.Foram avaliadas as interações entre afídeos e seus himenópteros parasitóides em cultivares de aveia irrigada, como também a resposta de diferentes cultivares em relação resistência à estes afídeos e a influência nas relações hospedeiro/parasitóide durante dois anos em São Carlos, SP, Brasil. Rhopalosiphum padi (L. foi o afídeo predominante ao longo do estudo, enquanto as outras espécies raramente foram encontradas. Foram observadas cinco espécies de himenópteros parasitóides: três parasitóides primários, Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, Aphidius colemani (Viereck e Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh e dois hiperparasitóides, Syrphophagus aphidivorus (Myer and Alloxysta brassicae (Ashmead. A cultivar UPF 86081 apresentou resultados significativos quanto à baixa infestação por Rhopalosiphum padi e maiores taxas de parasitismo que a demais cultivares. Não foi observado efeito significativo na variação de porcentagem de emergência de parasit

  17. Seven new species of Lachesilla (Psocodea: 'Psocoptera': Lachesillidae, in the group forcepeta from the Amazon Basin Sete espécies novas de Lachesilla Westwood (Psocodea:'Psocoptera': Lachesillidae do grupo forcepeta da Bacia Amazônica

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    Alfonso N. García Aldrete

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Seven new species of Lachesilla in the group forcepeta, from the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia and Peru, are here described and illustrated: L. amacayacuensis sp. n. (type locality: Colombia, Amazonas, Leticia, Amacayacú; L.bulbosiforceps sp. n. (type locality: Peru, Cuzco; L. cuzcoensis sp. n. (type locality: Peru, Cuzco; L. marabaensis sp. n. (type locality: Brasil, Pará, Marabá, Serra Norte; L. pilosiforceps sp. n. (type locality: Brasil, Pará, Oriximiná, Rio Trombetas; L. pilosipenna sp. n. (type locality: Peru, Cuzco; L. squamiforceps sp. n. (type locality: Colombia, Amazonas, Leticia. The Amazon Basin is the second most rich world area for species of Lachesilla.São descritas e ilustradas sete espécies de Lachesilla do grupo forcepeta, provenientes da bacia amazônica do Brasil, Colômbia e Peru: L. amacayacuensis sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Colômbia, Amazonas, Leticia, Amacayacú; L. bulbosiforceps sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Peru, Cuzco; L. cuzcoensis sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Peru, Cuzco; L. marabaensis sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Brasil, Pará, Marabá, Serra Norte; L. pilosiforceps sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Brasil, Pará, Oriximiná, Rio Trombetas; L. pilosipenna sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Peru, Cuzco; L. squamiforceps sp. n. (localidade-tipo: Colômbia, Amazonas, Letícia. A região amazônica é a segunda mais rica em número de espécies de Lachesilla.

  18. Malófagos (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ischnocera em aves cativas no sudeste do Brasil Chewing lice (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ischnocera on captive birds in southeastern Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salete Oliveira da Silva

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Foram identificadas 12 espécies de malófagos no Parque Zoológico Municipal Quinzinho de Barros, Sorocaba e Fundação Jardim Zoológico, Rio de Janeiro. Ciconiphilus pectiniventris em Cygnus atratus (Anseriformes, Anatidae; Kurodaia sp. em Buteo albicaudatus (Falconiformes, Accipitridae; Degeeriella sp. em Falco sparverius (Falconiformes, Falconidae; Colpocephalum sp. e Goniocotes parviceps em Pavo cristatus (Galliformes, Phasianidae; Goniodes pavonis em Rhea americana (Rheiformes, Rheidae; Colpocephalum cristatae e Heptapsogaster sp. em Cariama cristata (Gruiformes, Cariamidae; Austrophilopterus cancellosus em Ramphastos dicolorus (Piciformes, Ramphastidae; Strigiphilus crucigerus em Otus choliba (Strigiformes, Strigidae; Kurodaia sp. em Rhinoptynx clamator (Strigiformes, Strigidae e Colpocephalum pectinatum em Speotyto cunicularia (Strigiformes, Strigidae. As relações parasito hospedeiros em Strigiformes são novas no Brasil.Twelve chewing lice species were identified in Parque Zoológico Municipal Quinzinho de Barros, Sorocaba and Fundação Jardim Zoológico, Rio de Janeiro. The parasites found were: Ciconiphilus pectiniventris in Cygnus atratus (Anseriformes, Anatidae; Kurodaia sp. in Buteo albicaudatus (Falconiformes, Accipitridae; Degeeriella sp. in Falco sparverius (Falconiformes, Falconidae; Colpocephalum sp. and Goniocotes parviceps in Pavo cristatus (Galliformes, Phasianidae; Goniodes pavonis in Rhea americana (Rheiformes, Rheidae; Colpocephalum cristatae and Heptapsogaster sp. in Cariama cristata (Gruiformes, Cariamidae; Austrophilopterus cancellosus in Ramphastos dicolorus (Piciformes, Ramphastidae; Strigiphilus crucigerus in Otus choliba (Strigiformes, Strigidae; Kurodaia sp. in Rhinoptynx clamator (Strigiformes, Strigidae and Colpocephalum pectinatum in Speotyto cunicularia (Strigiformes, Strigidae. The host-lice relationships are new in Strigiformes in Brazil.

  19. Estudo da ocorrência de enteroparasitas em hortaliças comercializadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo, SP, Brasil: I - Pesquisa de helmintos Study on the occurrence of intestinal parasites on vegetables commercially traded in the metropolitan area of S.Paulo, SP, Brazil: I - Search for helminths

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira

    1992-08-01

    Full Text Available Hortaliças in natura, comercializadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo, SP (Brasil, foram analisadas através de metodologia própria, visando à pesquisa e à identificação de formas de transmissão de helmintos intestinais de interesse médico. As hortaliças examinadas, constituídas de 50 amostras de cada variedade, foram de: alface (Lactuca sativa, variedades lisa e crespa, escarola (Chichorium sp e agrião (Nasturtium officinale. Os resultados evidenciaram elevados percentuais de contaminação em todas as variedades analisadas, porém, as freqüências de helmintos foram maiores no agrião. A escarola apresentou valores médios, geralmente situados entre as alfaces e o agrião. Os números médios de ovos e larvas por 100 gramas de amostra, embora elevados, não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as quatro variedades de hortaliças estudadas. Uma grande variedade de helmintos, de ocorrência freqüente na população residente na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, foi observada nas amostras. Os mais freqüentes, no entanto, foram: ancilostomídeos e Ascaris sp. Recuperaram-se também ovos de Toxocara sp, Fasciola sp e de tricostrongilídeos, comprovando a ocorrência de contaminação das hortaliças por fezes de animais domésticos. Considerando-se os resultados obtidos, ressalta-se a importância das hortaliças na transmissão de helmintíases intestinais, bem como a necessidade de medidas que propiciem uma melhoria na qualidade higiênico-sanitária destes alimentos.Vegetables in natura, commercially traded in the metropolitan area of S. Paulo, were analysed by the appropriate methodology with a view to discovering an identifying the paths of transmission of enteroparasites of medical interest. The vegetables under study consisted of 50 samples of each variety listed below: lettuce (Lactuca sativa -oily leaves and crisphead varieties, endive (Chicorium sp and water-cress (Nasturtium Officinale

  20. Larvas de Geometridae (Lepidoptera e seus parasitóides, associadas a Erythroxylum microphyllum St.- Hilaire (Erythroxylaceae Geometrid larvae (Lepidoptera and their parasitoids, associated to Erythroxylum microphyllum St.-Hilaire (Erythroxylaceae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gláucia Marconato

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho foi realizado em área de cerrado, em São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil. Foram realizadas amostragens quinzenais de junho/1999 a junho/2000, por meio de guarda-chuva-entomológico. Foram registradas 22 espécies de Geometridae pertencentes a 14 gêneros; quanto aos parasitóides, 11 gêneros de Hymenoptera e dois de Diptera, Tachinidae. A ocorrência de Cyclomia mopsaria (Geometridae foi de 83%. Outros Geometridae registrados foram: Glena unipennaria, G. bipennaria, G. demissaria, G. brachia, Physocleora junctilinea, P. cariaria, Physocleora sp., Iridopsis fulvitincta, I. nigraria, Hymenomima amberia, Macaria regulata, Ischnopteris inornata., Prochoerodes onustaria, Prochoerodes sp., Thyrinteina arnobia, Nematocampa sp., Melanolophia sp., Isochromodes sp., Semaeopus lunifera, S. vizaria. Os Hymenoptera foram: Microcharops peronata, Charops sp., Metopius sp., Hyposoter sp., Mesochorus sp.(Ichneumonidae; Aleiodes sp., Meteorus sp., Glyptapanteles sp., Protapanteles sp. (Braconidae; Euplectrus sp. (Eulophidae. Os Diptera, Tachinidae foram: Winthemia sp.(Winthemiini e uma espécie de Blondeliini. O período de maior ocorrência de larvas de Geometridae e baixa taxa de parasitismo foi ao final da estação chuvosa e início da estação seca.This work was carried out in a cerrado area, in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. The samples were collected at each two weeks, from June/1999 to June/2000, with entomological umbrella. 22 species of Geometridae arranged in 14 genera were found; concerning parasitoids, 11 genera of Hymenoptera and two genera of Diptera, Tachinidae. The occurrence of Cyclomia mopsaria (Geometridae was 83%. Other Geometridae recorded were: Glena unipennaria, G. bipennaria, G. demissaria, G. brachia, Physocleora junctilinea, P. cariaria, Physocleora sp., Iridopsis fulvitincta, I. nigraria, Hymenomima amberia, Macaria regulata, Ischnopteris inornata, Prochoerodes onustaria, Prochoerodes sp., Thyrinteina arnobia, Nematocampa

  1. Control of Branchionus sp. and Amoeba sp. in cultures of Arthrospira sp. Control de Branchionus sp. y Amoeba sp. en cultivos de Arthrospira sp.

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    Carlos Méndez

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Cultivation of cyanobacterium Arthrospira sp. has been developed in many countries for the production of proteins, pigments and other compounds. Outdoor mass cultures are often affected by biological contamination, drastically reducing productivity as far as bringing death. This study evaluates the control of Branchionus sp. and Amoeba sp. with two chemical compounds: urea (U and ammonium bicarbonate (AB, in laboratory conditions and outdoor mass culture of Arthrospira sp. The lethal concentration 100 (LC100 at 24 h for Branchionus sp. and Amoeba sp. determined was of 60-80 mg L-1 (U and 100-150 mg L-1 (AB. The average effective inhibition concentration for 50% of the population (IC50 in Arthrospira sp., after 72 h, was 80 mg L-1 (U and 150 mg L-1 (AB. The application of doses of 60 mg L-1 (U or 100 mg L-1 (AB in the outdoor mass culture of this contaminated microalga, completely inhibited grazing and did not affect the growth of Arthrospira sp. but rather promoted rapid recovery of algal density at levels prior to infestation. These compounds provided an economical and effective control of predators in cultures of Arthrospira sp.El cultivo de la cianobacteria Arthrospira sp. ha sido desarrollado en muchos países para la obtención de proteínas, pigmentos y otros compuestos. Cultivo que a nivel industrial se ve afectado frecuentemente por contaminación biológica, reduciendo drásticamente la productividad hasta causar la muerte. Este estudio evalúa el control de Branchionus sp. y de Amoeba sp. con dos compuestos químicos, la urea (U y bicarbonato de amonio (AB en cultivos de Arthrospira sp. La concentración letal 100 (LC100 determinada a las 24 h para Branchionus sp. y Amoeba sp. fue de 60-80 mg L-1 (U y 100-150 mg L-1 (AB. La concentración media de inhibición efectiva, después de 72 h, para el 50% de la población (IC50 en Arthrospira fue de 80 mg L-1 (U y 150 mg L-1 (AB. La aplicación de dosis de 60 mg L-1 (U ó 100 mg L-1 (AB en

  2. Aspectos ecológicos de fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares da mata tropical úmida da Ilha do Cardoso, SP, Brasil Ecological aspects of mycorrhizal vesicular-arbuscular fungi of the tropical humid forest of Cardoso Island, SP, Brazil

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    Sandra F. B Trufem

    1990-12-01

    Full Text Available No período de agosto/1984 a maio/1987, em nove ocasiões, foram coletadas 300 amostras de solo da rizosfera de 35 espécies de plantas nativas da mata tropical úmida do Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, SP, Brasil, para a investigação da ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares (MVA ea obtenção de dados sobre aspectos ecológicos desses microrganismos. Foram verificados 35 taxa de fungos MV A, sete dos quais espécies novas. Os esporos qué ocorreram em maior quantidade foram os de Acaulospora foveata Trappe & Janos, Acaulospora scrobiculata Trappe, Glomus etunicatum Becker & Gerd.. Glomus geosporum (Nicol. & Gerd. Walker, Glomus macrocarpum Tul. & Tul. e Glomus microcarpum Tul. & Tul. As plantas cujas rizosferas apresentaram maior número de esporos de fungos MV A foram as de Blechnum serrulatum L.C. Rich., Euterpe edulis Mart, Neomarica caerulia Sprague, Geonoma elegans Mart, e Piper aduncum L. A maior diversidade de espécies de fugnos MV A ocorreu nas rizosferas de Aphettandra sp., Geonoma elegans Mart e Leandra barbinervis Cogn. Verificouse que houve predominancia de espécies de fungos micorrízicos vesículo-arbusculares clamidospóricas sobre as azigospóricas, bem como que a quantidade de esporos em urna dada rizosfera está diretamente relacionada com a diversidade. Glomus monosporum Gerd. & Trappe e as espécies de Sclerocystis podem ser apontadas como características do ecossistema estudado, que apresentou a média de 50,04 esporos/ 100g de solo.From August/1984 to May/1987, 300 soil samples were collected from the rhizospheres of 35 species of native plants of Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, SP, Brazil, in a wet tropical forest, to investigate the occurrence and some ecological aspects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM fungi. Thirty five taxa of VA M fungi were reported, seven of them as new species. The most numerous VA M fungal spores belong to Acaulospora foveata Trappe & Janos, Acaulospora

  3. Marca Brasil: ficção ou realidade? uma análise das iniciativas da APEX- Brasil para a construção da marca Brasil

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    Daniela Motta R. Khauaja

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available We live in a global economy and it is urgent for Brazil, through its governors and entrepreneurs, to increase its share in this economy. Branding the country can help create a strong identity for the country, which tends to collaborate with the exports of products made in this place. This study has the purpose of analyzing how brand Brasil was built and how it has been used by the Brazilian government to help its exports. In order to accomplish this objective, there was a review of the literature, concerning relevant concepts relative to global marketing, global branding and country as a brand. After this, the research method was explained and there was an analysis about the built of Brasil brand and the initiatives of the Brazilian government, more specifically of the Agência de Promoção de Exportações do Brasil (Apex-Brasil, for building Brazil as a brand. The initiative of creating brand Brasil, although quite late, was good, but, due to the lack of usage, the brand still seems to be more fiction than reality.

  4. Três espécies e duas subespécies novas de Actinote Hübner (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae, Acraeini Three species and two new subspecies of Actinote Hübner (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae, Acraeini

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    Márlon Paluch

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Actinote mirnae sp. nov. da Bolívia (Chulumani; Actinote mielkei sp. nov. da Bolívia (Chulumani; Actinote furtadoi sp. nov. do Brasil (Mato Grosso, Diamantino; Actinote morio beckeri ssp. nov. do Brasil (Distrito Federal, Planaltina e Actinote pellenea giffordi ssp. nov. do Brasil (Distrito Federal, Planaltina são descritas e ilustradas.Actinote mirnae sp. nov. from Bolivia (Chulumani; Actinote mielkei sp. nov. from Bolivia (Chulumani; Actinote furtadoi sp. nov. from Brazil (Mato Grosso, Diamantino; Actinote morio beckeri ssp. nov. from Brazil (Distrito Federal, Planaltina and Actinote pellenea giffordi ssp. nov. from Brazil (Distrito Federal, Planaltina are discribed and illustrated.

  5. Ecologia da polinização da amoreira-preta (Rubus sp (Rosaceae em Timbó-SC, Brasil

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    Leônidas João de Mello Junior

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho verificou experimentalmente a ecologia da polinização da amoreira-preta (Rubus sp.. Objetivou-se confirmar a síndrome de polinização de Rubus sp., por meio de análise de seu sistema reprodutivo, quantificação da produção diária de néctar, levantamento da entomofauna que visita as flores da amoreira na área de estudo e análise do seu comportamento polinizador. Os experimentos foram realizados em uma área de cultivo de amoreira-preta, no mês de dezembro de 2005, município de Timbó (SC. Constatou-se que a maior taxa de frutificação (48,3 % ± 3,2 ocorreu via polinização livre, onde os insetos não foram excluídos. Foi verificada a ocorrência de autopolinização, porém com taxa inferior de frutificação (12,2% ± 4,9. A anemofilia não foi constatada na espécie. A avaliação da produção de néctar em Rubus sp. resultou em valores compatíveis com a síndrome de melitofilia. Os visitantes florais coletados e observados sobre as flores de Rubus sp. foram predominantemente abelhas da ordem Hymenoptera (97%, que iniciam, em menor número, a atividade de forrageamento às 8h, com pico de atividade às 12h e declinando até às 16h. As coletas resultaram numa amostragem de 1.360 abelhas, divididas em quatro famílias e 13 espécies. A família com maior riqueza de espécies (N = 7 foi Halictidae e a mais abundante foi Apidae, com 1.288 indivíduos. Em Apidae, houve o predomínio da espécie exótica Apis mellifera, cuja representação na amostra foi de 1.246 indivíduos. Os dados da abundância e as observações naturalísticas do seu comportamento da flor apontaram A. mellifera como o principal polinizador de Rubus sp., mas confirmam que as demais espécies de abelhas também participam na polinização de Rubus sp.

  6. Ecologia da polinização da amoreira-preta (Rubus sp (Rosaceae em Timbó-SC, Brasil Pollination ecology of blackberry (Rubus sp. (Rosaceae in Timbo (SC, Brazil

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    Leônidas João de Mello Junior

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho verificou experimentalmente a ecologia da polinização da amoreira-preta (Rubus sp.. Objetivou-se confirmar a síndrome de polinização de Rubus sp., por meio de análise de seu sistema reprodutivo, quantificação da produção diária de néctar, levantamento da entomofauna que visita as flores da amoreira na área de estudo e análise do seu comportamento polinizador. Os experimentos foram realizados em uma área de cultivo de amoreira-preta, no mês de dezembro de 2005, município de Timbó (SC. Constatou-se que a maior taxa de frutificação (48,3 % ± 3,2 ocorreu via polinização livre, onde os insetos não foram excluídos. Foi verificada a ocorrência de autopolinização, porém com taxa inferior de frutificação (12,2% ± 4,9. A anemofilia não foi constatada na espécie. A avaliação da produção de néctar em Rubus sp. resultou em valores compatíveis com a síndrome de melitofilia. Os visitantes florais coletados e observados sobre as flores de Rubus sp. foram predominantemente abelhas da ordem Hymenoptera (97%, que iniciam, em menor número, a atividade de forrageamento às 8h, com pico de atividade às 12h e declinando até às 16h. As coletas resultaram numa amostragem de 1.360 abelhas, divididas em quatro famílias e 13 espécies. A família com maior riqueza de espécies (N = 7 foi Halictidae e a mais abundante foi Apidae, com 1.288 indivíduos. Em Apidae, houve o predomínio da espécie exótica Apis mellifera, cuja representação na amostra foi de 1.246 indivíduos. Os dados da abundância e as observações naturalísticas do seu comportamento da flor apontaram A. mellifera como o principal polinizador de Rubus sp., mas confirmam que as demais espécies de abelhas também participam na polinização de Rubus sp.The pollination ecology of the blackberry (Rubus sp. was studied by means of determining its reproductive system, the analysis of flower's nectar production. Sampling the insects that visit

  7. Seroprevalencia de Leptospira sp., Rickettsia sp. Ehrlichia sp. en trabajadores rurales del departamento de Sucre, Colombia Seroprevalence of Leptospira sp., Rickettsia sp. and Ehrlichia sp. in rural workers of Sucre, Colombia

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    Rodrigo Ríos

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available Objective. Determinar la seroprevalencia de Leptospira sp., Rickettsia sp. y Ehrlichia sp. en trabajadores de áreas rurales del departamento de Sucre. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio escriptivo, prospectivo, de corte transversal, que pretendió determinar la seroprevalencia e Leptospira sp., Rickettsia sp. y Ehrlichia sp. en 90 trabajadores de áreas rurales del departamento de Sucre. Se estableció la presencia de anticuerpos séricos anti-IgM específicos anti-Leptospira por la técnica de ELISA indirecta. Para la determinación de Rickettsia sp. y Ehrlichia sp. se uso la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Resultados. La población evaluada estaba compuesta por 27 (30% ordeñadores, 21 (23% jornaleros, 18 (20% profesionales del campo y 24 (27% que realizaban otras actividades. Ventidós (24% muestras resultaron positivas en alguna de las pruebas. De éstas, 12 (13,3% fueron positivas para Leptospira sp., 7 (7,8% para Rickettsia sp. y 3 (3,3% ara Ehrlichia sp. Conclusión. Este fue el primer estudio que se llevó a cabo en el departamento de Sucre y permitió demostrar que existe una prevalencia importante de Leptospira p.,Rickettsia sp. y Ehrlichia sp.. Los factores de riesgo ocupacional fueron factores determinantes en la seropositividad.Objective. To determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira sp., Rickettsia sp. and Ehrlichia sp. in agricultural workers of Sucre. Methods. A descriptive prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in ninety rural workers of Sucre. Presence of serum antibodies anti-IgM specific anti-Leptospira by indirect ELISA was established. For the determination of Rickettsia and Ehrlichia indirect inmunoflorescence was used. Results.The population was composed by 27 (30% milkers, 21 (23% day workers, 18 farm professionals (20% and 24 (26% workers in others activities. A total of 22 (24% samples were positive to some test. Twelve (13.3% were positive to Leptospira sp., seven (7.8% to Rickettsia sp

  8. HUMAN CYCLOSPORIASIS DIAGNOSIS: REPORT OF A CASE IN SÃO PAULO, SP, BRAZIL

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    Andréia Otaviani Di Pietro Fernandes

    1998-11-01

    Full Text Available Diagnosis of the human cyclosporiasis is reported in São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Cyclospora cayetanensis has been identified in the feces of a patient by a modified Kinyoun staining method, with later sporulation in a solution of 2.5% potassium dichromate. The probability that this parasite is the eventual cause of gastrointestinal disturbances in the country was stimulated by this finding, which was arrived at by a simple technique. It had been kept in mind that the disease was expressing itself mainly among immunocompromised patients, whose number is increasing; especially in those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS, which is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV.É relatado o diagnóstico de ciclosporíase humana em São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Cyclospora cayetanensis foi encontrada nas fezes de um indivíduo através de exame pelo método de coloração de Kinyoun modificado, com posterior esporulação em dicromato de potássio a 2,5%. Esta verificação deve estimular a necessidade de considerar a ciclosporíase como eventual causa de distúrbios gastrointestinais no país, podendo ela ser reconhecida até mesmo por meio de técnica razoavelmente simples. Foi ainda lembrado que esta parasitose vem adquirindo expressividade sobretudo pelo fato de não raramente acometer imunodeprimidos, agora cada vez mais numerosos em especial como decorrência da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV, que causa a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS.

  9. Registro de Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822 (Mollusca, Gastropoda no Brasil: caramujo hospedeiro intermediário da angiostrongilíase

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    Horácio Manuel Santana Teles

    1997-06-01

    Full Text Available A introdução de Achatina fulica é assinalada em Itariri, SP, Brasil. Essa espécie de caramujo terrestre foi importada para cultivo, visando à comercialização para consumo humano como "escargot". O encontro de exemplares em vida livre mostra a dispersão de A. fulica e, conseqüentemente, o risco de transmissão de Angiostrongylus cantonensis, nematóide parasita do homem e de outros vertebrados. Além disso, o caramujo é uma praga importante da agricultura.

  10. Registro de Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822 (Mollusca, Gastropoda no Brasil: caramujo hospedeiro intermediário da angiostrongilíase

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    Santana Teles Horácio Manuel

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available A introdução de Achatina fulica é assinalada em Itariri, SP, Brasil. Essa espécie de caramujo terrestre foi importada para cultivo, visando à comercialização para consumo humano como "escargot". O encontro de exemplares em vida livre mostra a dispersão de A. fulica e, conseqüentemente, o risco de transmissão de Angiostrongylus cantonensis, nematóide parasita do homem e de outros vertebrados. Além disso, o caramujo é uma praga importante da agricultura.

  11. GERONTOLOGIA COMO PROFISSÃO: O PROJETO POLÍTICO-PEDAGÓGICO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS

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    Sofia Cristina Iost Pavarini

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available A formação de um profissional plenamente capacitado a desempenhar as diversas funções associadas à área do envelhecimento é uma necessidade ditada pelas crescentes demandas sociais e de saúde nessa área. O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o Projeto Político-Pedagógico do Curso de Graduação em Gerontologia da Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Trata-se da segunda proposta de ensino universitário público nesta área no Brasil e o primeiro dentre as Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior. Palavras-chave: Gerontologia; ensino; idoso.

  12. El Brasil y Alberdi

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    Enrique de Gandia

    1968-12-01

    Full Text Available Alberdi fue amigo de Chile, del Paraguay, de España y de otras naciones; pero nunca lo fue del Brasil. Tenía hacia esta nación una desconfianza innata que lo llevaba a temores y suposiciones impropias de su talento. En marzo de 1865 publicó en París un opúsculo sobre Las disensiones de las Repúblicas del Plata y las maquinaciones del Brasil.

  13. Infecção disseminada por Chlorella sp. em um ovino

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    Everton Ferreira Lima

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Descreve-se um caso de infecção disseminada por Chlorella sp. em um ovino, na região semiárida da Paraíba, Brasil. O animal apresentou emagrecimento e aumento de volume abdominal há um mês. Na necropsia, foram observados nódulos esverdeados em fígado, pulmões, intestino e linfonodos. Histologicamente, os nódulos correspondiam a piogranulomas com miríades de algas intralesionais. Provavelmente, a infecção tenha ocorrido em consequência do consumo de água estagnada ou capim que tinha sido cortado em uma área irrigada, que são condições frequentes no período da seca na região semiárida.

  14. Forma grave da síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus tratada com pressurização positiva através de máscara facial Severe form of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome managed with continuous positive airway plessure through facial mask

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    Mariangela Pimentel Pincelli

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available O primeiro surto no Brasil da síndrome pulmonar e cardiovascular por hantavírus foi descrito em Juquitiba (SP, em 1993. Desde então têm sido descritos novos casos, especialmente nos estados do sul e sudeste do país. Em 2002 ocorreu a observação dos primeiros três casos em São Carlos (SP. Um dos pacientes recebeu suporte respiratório sem intubação traqueal, utilizando-se pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas (CPAP através de máscara facial. Este é o primeiro caso grave descrito de insuficiência respiratória por hantavírus em que houve sucesso com essa terapêutica ventilatória.In 1993 the first Brazilian cluster of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS was described in Juquitiba, SP. Since then, there have been descriptions of new cases specially on the southeast and south states of Brazil. Only in 2002 there were observed the first three cases of HCPS in our city: São Carlos. One of our patients was successfully supported with CPAP through facial mask. This is the first severe case of acute respiratory failure induced by Hantavirus that was successfully managed with this kind of respiratory strategy.

  15. Comparação das estimativas de prevalência de indicadores de saúde no Município de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, nos anos de 2001/2002 (ISA-SP e 2008/2009 (ISA-Camp Comparación de las estimaciones de prevalencia en los indicadores de salud en Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, durante los años 2001/2002 (ISA-SP y 2008/2009 (ISA-Camp Comparison of prevalence estimates for health indicators in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2001-2002 (ISA-SP and 2008-2009 (ISA-Camp

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    Chester Luis Galvão César

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi comparar estimativas da prevalência de indicadores de saúde para adultos residentes em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, utilizando dados de inquéritos domiciliares realizados em diferentes períodos de tempo (ISA-SP 2001/2002 e ISA-Camp 2008/2009, com amostras de 941 e 2.637 indivíduos de 18 anos e mais, respectivamente. Variáveis sociodemográficas caracterizaram a população estudada. Foram estimadas prevalências e seus respectivos intervalos de 95% de confiança e as comparações foram realizadas pelas razões de prevalência ajustadas por sexo, idade e escolaridade, obtidas pela regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Diferenças estatisticamente significantes foram observadas para as prevalências de: morbidade referida, uso de medicamentos, percentual dos que nunca fumaram, realização dos exames de Papanicolaou e de mamografia, alguma vez na vida. O acompanhamento de indicadores de saúde por inquéritos repetidos em uma mesma população pode facilitar o monitoramento de objetivos e metas fornecendo subsídios ao planejamento de ações em saúde.El objetivo del estudio fue comparar las estimaciones de prevalencia en los indicadores de salud para los adultos que viven en Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, con datos de encuestas de diferentes períodos de tiempo (ISA-SP 2001/2002 y ISA-Camp 2008/2009, con muestras de 941 y 2.637 personas de 18 años y más, respectivamente. Las variables sociodemográficas caracterizaron a la población de estudio. Se estimaron la prevalencia y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95% y las comparaciones se realizaron por razones de prevalencia ajustadas por sexo, edad y educación, obtenidas mediante la regresión de Poisson. Se observaron diferencias estadísticas en la prevalencia de morbilidad, uso de medicamentos, el porcentaje de quienes nunca habían fumado, la realización de citologías vaginales y mamografías, en algún momento de sus vidas. El seguimiento

  16. Detection of hemoplasma and Bartonella species and co-infection with retroviruses in cats subjected to a spaying/neutering program in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Detecção de hemoplasmas e Bartonella sp. e co-infecção com retrovírus em gatos submetidos a um programa de castração/esterilização em Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil

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    Caroline Plácidi de Bortoli

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Hemotrophic mycoplasmas and Bartonella species are important pathogens that circulate between cats and invertebrate hosts, occasionally causing diseases in humans. Nevertheless, there are few reports on occurrences of these agents in cats in Brazil. The present study aimed to detect the presence of hemoplasma and Bartonella DNA by means of PCR and sequencing. FIV antigens and anti-FeLV antibodies, were studied by using a commercial kit on blood and serum samples, respectively, among 46 cats that were sampled during a spaying/neutering campaign conducted in Jaboticabal, SP. Three (6.5% cats were positive for hemoplasmas: two (4.3% for 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' and one (2.2% for both M. haemofelis and 'Candidatus M. turicensis'. One of the two 'Candidatus M. haemominutum'-infected cats was also positive for FeLV antigens and showed antibodies for FIV. Two cats (4.3% were positive for B. henselae. One of them was also positive for FeLV antigens. Eight cats (17.4% were positive for FeLV, and just one (2.2% showed anti-FIV antibodies. Bartonella species and hemoplasmas associated with infection due to retroviruses can circulate among apparently healthy cats.Micoplasmas hemotróficos e espécies de Bartonella são importantes patógenos que circulam entre gatos e hospedeiros invertebrados, causando ocasionalmente doenças no homem. Apesar disto, poucos são os estudos acerca da ocorrência destes agentes entre gatos no Brasil. O presente estudo objetivou detectar o DNA de hemoplasmas e Bartonella sp. pela PCR e sequenciamento. Antígeno de FIV e anticorpos anti-FeLV foram estudados utilizando um "kit" comercial, em amostras de sangue e soro, respectivamente, de 46 gatos amostrados em uma campanha de castração em Jaboticabal, SP. Três gatos (6,5% foram positivos para hemoplasmas: dois (4,3% para 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' e um (2,2% para M. haemofelis and 'Candidatus M. turicensis'. Um dos gatos positivos para 'Candidatus M. haemominutum

  17. Mundo Braz. El devenir-mundo de Brasil y el devenir-Brasil del mundo

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    Rodrigo Martínez Reinoso

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Reseña: Mundo Braz. El devenir-mundo de Brasil y el devenir-Brasil del mundo   MundoBraz. El devenir-mundo de Brasil y el devenir-Brasil del mundo es el título que lleva la obra del filósofo italiano radicado en Brasil Giuseppe Cocco. Fue publicada originalmente en portugués (Río de Janeiro, 2009 y editada en español por la Editorial Traficantes de Sueños tres años después (Madrid, 2012. Sus principales aportaciones se relacionan con el análisis político y social de nuestra realidad contemporánea bajo una línea de investigación neo-marxista que ha dado origen a dos emblemáticas publicaciones, las cuales son en rigor los antecedentes inmediatos del espíritu crítico, transdisciplinario y altermundista que caracteriza a MundoBraz. [1] Cocco, Giuseppe (2012: MundoBraz. El devenir-mundo de Brasil y el devenir-Brasil del mundo. Traficantes de Sueños, Madrid. Giuseppe Cocco se formó en Italia y Francia y fue activista político en los años 70 de Autonomía Obrera. Es Licenciado en Ciencias Políticas (Università degli Studi di Padova, 1981, Licenciado en Ciencias Políticas (Université de Paris VIII, 1984, Master of Science Technologie et Société (Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 1988, MA en Historia Social (Universidad de París I (Panthéon-Sorbonne, 1986 y Doctor en Historia Social (Universidad Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne, 1993. Ejerce como profesor de la Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro y es editor de diversas revistas de perfil neomarxista y altermundista: Global Brasil, Common Place y Multitudes. Un modo de resumir el valor de esta bella y asombrosa obra quizás consista en decir que cumple a cabalidad con el sentido de lo que Deleuze y Guattari han denominado como una política menor. La cual, paradójicamente, si bien derriba una serie de dogmas del liberalismo y del marxismo, tal mirada no se queda en un diagnóstico fatídico y determinista (como sería el economicismo que acusa al neoliberalismo de

  18. Provendo resiliência em uma rede de sensores sem fio linear e esparsa através de veículo aéreo não tripulado

    OpenAIRE

    Heitor de Freitas Vieira

    2015-01-01

    A mitigação de desastres naturais exige respostas rápidas e confiáveis. No Brasil, a estação de chuvas provoca muitos alagamentos em regiões urbanas e, para monitorar esse fenômeno, foi instalada em São Carlos-SP uma rede de sensores sem fio para acompanhar o nível de água dos rios da cidade. Entretanto, essa rede de sensores está suscetível a falhas que podem comprometer o funcionamento do sistema, e a adoção de mecanismos redundantes e de redes móveis 3G podem acarretar em custos proibitivo...

  19. Contaminação por ovos de Toxocara sp. em solo no município de Moreno, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Lancart de Lima

    2005-10-01

    Full Text Available The contaminated soil with Toxocara sp. eggs is an important factor of risk to development of the zoonotic disease. Human infection is acquired by ingestion of embryonated Toxocara sp. eggs with contaminated water, food and also with dirt hands contaminated too. Usually Toxocara sp. infected dogs and cats, but sometimes humans can be affected, mainly children, causing visceral larva migrans. The goal of this study was determine the prevalence of Toxocara eggs in the sand of the locality Cidade Evangelica dos orfaos, Moreno County, northeast of Brazil. Twenty-five soil samples were collected and analyzed by centrifugal flotation technique by using zinc sulfate solution at 33%. The analysis of soil samples showed 12% (3/25 of some contamination level of sand by Toxocara sp eggs. As human can be infect by accidental ingestion of embryonated Toxocara eggs, the results of this research suggest the adoption of measures who prevent the transmission of this zoonotic disease.

  20. Novas citações de Chytridiomycota e Oomycota para o Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), SP, Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Pires-Zottarelli,Carmen Lidia Amorim; Rocha,Maristela

    2007-01-01

    Levantamento de fungos zoospóricos realizado em lagos artificiais do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), situado na cidade de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, resultou no isolamento de 41 táxons, sendo 36 identificados em nível específico. Vinte e três táxons pertencem ao Reino Fungi, filo Chytridiomycota, ordens Chytridiales, Monoblepharidales e Spizellomicetales e, 18 ao Reino Straminipila, filo Oomycota, ordens Saprolegniales e Peronosporales. Dentre os fungos isolados, 1...

  1. Monte Carlo methods

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bardenet Rémi

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Bayesian inference often requires integrating some function with respect to a posterior distribution. Monte Carlo methods are sampling algorithms that allow to compute these integrals numerically when they are not analytically tractable. We review here the basic principles and the most common Monte Carlo algorithms, among which rejection sampling, importance sampling and Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC methods. We give intuition on the theoretical justification of the algorithms as well as practical advice, trying to relate both. We discuss the application of Monte Carlo in experimental physics, and point to landmarks in the literature for the curious reader.

  2. POBLACIÓN DE NEMATODOS EN FORRAJES TROPICALES EN DOS RANGOS DE ALTURA EN EL CANTÓN DE SAN CARLOS, ALAJUELA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodolfo WingChing-Jones

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Se caracterizó la población de nematodos fitoparásitos presente en los pastos Sorgo negro (Sorghum almus, Camerún (Pennisetum purpureum var Camerun, King grass (Pennisetum purpureum var King grass, Tanzania (Panicum maximum var Tanzania, Brizantha (Brachiaria brizantha, Toledo (Brachiaria brizantha var Toledo, Estrella africana (Cynodon nlemfuensis, Mombaza (Panicum maximum var Mombaza, Ratana (Ischaemum ciliare y la leguminosa maní forrajero (Arachis pintoi en la localidad de San Carlos, Alajuela, de junio a noviembre del 2003. Se tomaron 5 muestras compuestas de suelo y de las raíces contenidas en el volumen de suelo para los forrajes evaluados, excepto para el pasto King grass, el Ratana y el Maní forrajero, en donde el número de muestras compuestas fue de 10 para cada material. Los nematodos Pratylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Tylenchus sp., Criconemella sp., se identificaron en 8 de los pastos y en la leguminosa evaluada. El género Psilenchus sp., solo se presentó en el pasto Tanzania, mientras que el género Xiphinema sp., en los forrajes Tanzania, Brizantha, Ratana y en el maní forrajero. El género Paratylenchus sp., se contabilizó con los forrajes Tanzania, Brizantha y Ratana. En el pasto Toledo, Camerún y en el maní forrajero se observó Hemicycliophora sp. En cambio, Meloidogyne sp., se encontró en los pastos Brizantha y Ratana. Los nematodos no fitoparásitos se identificaron en los 9 pastos y la leguminosa evaluada.

  3. Telenovela y cultura en Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Fadul, Anamaria

    1993-01-01

    Trabajo sobre el surgimiento de la telenovela en Brasil. Se habla del papel de la telenovela en la cultura brasileña, de su audiencia, del panorama televisivo en ese país y de sus estrategias de programación. A la par del artículo, se presentan cuadros con información sobre las telenovelas mexicanas. Se incluyen ilustraciones de Lucía Maya, reproducidas en blanco y negro.

  4. Bauer, Carlos. Educação, terra e liberdade: princípios educacionais do MST em perspectiva histórica. São Paulo: Ediciones Pulsar - Xamã, 2009. 151 p.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diana Crucelly González Rey

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo del Carlos Bauer, es producto de su tesis pos-doctoral desarrollada conjunto al núcleo de estudios sobre movimientos sociales, educación y ciudadanía (GEMDEC de la Uni-versidad Estatal de Campinas en São Paulo, Brasil. Esta edición es publicada en portugués en el año 2009, siendo la educación en el Movimiento Sin Tierra (MST su objeto principal del estudio.

  5. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in five farms in Holambra, São Paulo, Brazil Prevalência de enteroparasitoses em cinco fazendas de Holambra-SP, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jun Kobayashi

    1995-02-01

    Full Text Available A parasitological survey was carried out on 222 inhabitants of five farms in Holambra, located 30 km north of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, on October 1992. Approximately 70% of the inhabitants were found to be infected with at least one species of intestinal parasite. The positive rates of 6 helminths and 7 protozoan species detected are as follows: 5.4% Ascaris lumbricoides; 8.6% Trichuris trichiura; 19.8% Necator americanus; 10.4% Strongyloides stercoralis; 14% Enterobius vermicularis; 0.9% Hymenolepis nana; 3.2% Entamoeba histolytica; 2.7% E. hartmanni; 9.9% E. coli; 14.0% Endolimax nana; 2.3% Iodamoeba butschlii; 10.4% Giardia lamblia; 37.8% Blastocystis hominis. The positive rates of helminth infection were generaly higher in the younger-group under 16 years-old than those in the elder group aged 16 or more, whereas the infection rates of protozoan species were higher in the elder group. The infection rate of Strongyloides was found to be 10.4% by a newly developed sensitive method (an agarplate culture methods.Uma pesquisa coproparasitológica foi realizada em 222 habitantes de cinco fazendas de Holambra, localizada a 30 km ao norte de Campinas, SP, Brasil, em outubro de 1992. Aproximadamente 70% dos habitantes apresentaram pelo menos um tipo de parasitose intestinal. O índice de positividade das 6 espécies de helmintos e de 7 protozoários na população foi o seguinte: Ascaris lumbricoides (5,4%; Trichuris trichiura (8,6%; Necator americanus (19,8%; Strongyloides stercoralis (10,4%; Enterobius vermiculares (1,4%; Hymenolepis nana (0,9%; Entamoeba histolytica (3,2%; E. hartmanni (2,7%; E. coli (9,9%; Endolimax nana (14,0%; Iodamoeba butschlii (2,3%; Giardia lamblia (10,4%; Blastocystis hominis (37,4%. O índice de positividade para infecção por helmitos foi aparentemente maior na população mais jovem (menores de 16 anos do que no grupo de população com idades acima de 16 anos, ao contrário do índice de infecção pelos protozo

  6. Similaridade cariotípica entre Barycholos ternetzi e cinco espécies do gênero Eleutherodactylus do Sudoeste do Brasil (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Eleutherodactylinae)

    OpenAIRE

    Campos, João Reinaldo da Cruz de [UNESP

    2006-01-01

    Estudos citogenéticos comparativos foram realizados em seis espécies de Eleutherodactylinae, da região Sudeste do Brasil: Barycholos ternetzi, Eleutherodactylus binotatus, E. juipoca, Eleutherodactylus sp., E. guentheri e E. parvus. Foram feitas análises, em alguns casos pela primeira vez, com coloração pelo Giemsa, Ag-RON, banda C, coloração por CMA3 e DAPI e hibridação in situ fluorescente (FISH) com sonda de DNAr. Todas as espécies apresentaram 2n=22 e grande similaridade nos cariótipos co...

  7. Ser Gitano y Brasileño: migración, interculturalidad y ciudadanía en el sureste de Brasil, 1936-2007

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cairus, Brigitte Grossmann

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Este ensayo explora la manera en la que los gitanos del este europeo definen su identidad dentro de la nación brasileña en relación con otros inmigrantes, ya sean estos de su mismo continente de origen o de otra parte del mundo. Aunque la “gitanidad” ha sido reconocida como un elemento vital de la cultura brasileña, los romanís brasileños han ejercido presión para obtener apoyo político, visibilidad y derechos de ciudadanía. Analizando esta lucha, examinaremos la construcción de la identidad que los gitanos mantienen basándose en mitos, lenguaje, valores, creencias, símbolos y lazos de parentesco dentro y fuera de Brasil. Asimismo, también analizaremos el ethos de deambular, hecho persistente a pesar de que muchos romanís brasileños han adquirido propiedades privadas y negocios en las principales ciudades del país. Por último, es necesario mencionar que el proceso de aculturación ha sido ambiguo para los gitanos, quienes siguen siendo tratados con un alto grado de indeseabilidad y exclusión dentro de la sociedad brasileña, a pesar de su presencia en el país desde el siglo XVI. Al mismo tiempo, los gitanos mantienen un aura de libertad y misticismo en el imaginario cultural brasileño, la cual puede encontrarse en literatura, telenovelas e incluso en Umbanda, es decir, prácticas religiosas afrobrasileñas.

  8. O Toyotismo e a mercantilização do trabalho na indústria automotiva do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Geraldo Augusto Pinto

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o avanço de conceitos e práticas de gestão do trabalho designados como "flexíveis" na indústria automotiva do Brasil, em especial os oriundos do Sistema Toyota de Produção. Por meio de uma investigação bibliográfica e de um estudo de caso empírico numa planta pertencente a um grupo transnacional do setor de autopeças, situada em Campinas, SP (Brasil, demonstra-se como foram efetuadas alterações na organização do trabalho, concomitantes à exigência de novos perfis de qualificação profissional e educacional aos trabalhadores. Em termos conclusivos, a presente análise evidencia como tais perfis articulados a métodos gerenciais de avaliação em processos de contratação e promoção têm fragmentado o coletivo de trabalhadores nas empresas, mercantilizando as relações que estabelecem entre si no cotidiano de trabalho, uma vez que se baseiam na introjeção e manipulação de princípios de conduta entre eles, no sentido de servilizá-los ao propósito da acumulação capitalista.

  9. User's manuals of probabilistic fracture mechanics analysis code for aged piping, PASCAL-SP

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Itoh, Hiroto; Nishikawa, Hiroyuki; Onizawa, Kunio; Kato, Daisuke; Osakabe, Kazuya

    2010-03-01

    As a part of research on the material degradation and structural integrity assessment for aged LWR components, a PFM (Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics) analysis code PASCAL-SP (PFM Analysis of Structural Components in Aging LWR - Stress Corrosion Cracking at Welded Joints of Piping) has been developed. This code evaluates the failure probabilities at welded joints of aged piping by a Monte Carlo method. PASCAL-SP treats stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and fatigue crack growth in piping, according to the approaches of NISA and JSME FFS Code. The development of the code has been aimed to improve the accuracy and reliability of analysis by introducing new analysis methodologies and algorithms considering the latest knowledge in the SCC assessment and fracture criteria of piping. In addition, the accuracy of flaw detection and sizing at in-service inspection and residual stress distribution were modeled based on experimental data and introduced into PASCAL-SP. This code has been developed for a cross-check use by the regulatory body in Japan. In addition to this, this code can also be used for a research purpose by researchers in academia and industries. This report provides the user's manual and theoretical background of the code. (author)

  10. Carnivorous diving beetles of the genus Desmopachria (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) from Brazil: New species, new records, and a checklist

    Science.gov (United States)

    Braga, Rafael Benzi; Ferreira, Nelson

    2014-01-01

    Abstract Eight new species of DesmopachriaBabington, 1841 are described and illustrated from Brazil: D. dicrophallica sp. nov. , D. disticta sp. nov. , D. grammosticta sp. nov. , D . grandinigra sp. nov. , D. itamontensis sp. nov. , D. leptophallica sp. nov. , D. stethothrix sp. nov. , and D. ukuki sp. nov. The species D. amyaeMiller, 2001 , D. cheiMiller, 1999 , D. margarita Young, 1990, and D. volatidiscaMiller, 2001 are recorded for the first time from Brazil. From species of the Desmopachria reported in Brazil, D. aldessaYoung, 1980 has a new record from Pará state and D. fossulataZimmermann, 1928, D. granoidesYoung, 1986 , and D. laevis Sharp, 1882 have new records from Rio de Janeiro State. A checklist of all Desmopachria recorded from Brazil is presented with notes about some of the localities. Resumo Oito espécies novas de DesmopachriaBabington, 1841 são descritas e ilustradas para o Brasil, D. dicrophallica sp. nov. , D. disticta sp. nov. , D. grammosticta sp. nov. , D . grandinigra sp. nov., D. itamontensis sp. nov., D. leptophallica sp. nov., D. stethothrix sp. nov. e D. ukuki sp. nov. As espécies D. amyaeMiller, 2001, D. cheiMiller, 1999 , D. margarita Young, 1990 e D. volatidiscaMiller, 2001 são registradas pela primeira vez para o Brasil. Das espécies de Desmopachria registradas para o Brasil D. aldessaYoung, 1980 tem um novo registro para o estado do Pará e D. fossulataZimmermann, 1928 , D. granoidesYoung, 1986 e D. laevis Sharp, 1882 têm novos registros para o estado do Rio de Janeiro. Uma listagem de todos os Desmopachria registrados para o Brasil é apresentada, com notas acerca de algumas localidades. PMID:25373202

  11. Riqueza, relevância e estratégias para a conservação de fisionomias campestres do Cerrado no Horto Florestal de Botucatu, SP, Brasil. Richness, relevance and conservation strategies for savanna grasslands in the Horto Florestal of Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natashi Aparecida Lima PILON

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available As fitofisionomias campestres e as plantas do estrato herbáceo-arbustivo têm sido pouco estudadas em todo o mundo e, pelo seu desconhecimento, poucos esforços têm sido empreendidos em sua conservação. Visando contribuir para preencher esta lacuna, efetuamos a caracterização florística e do espectro biológico das fisionomias campo sujo e campo limpo úmido em um remanescente de vegetação de Cerrado no Horto Florestal de Botucatu, SP. Registramos, no total, 210 espécies, sendo a maioria ervas (61%, seguidas de arbustos (17% e subarbustos (17%. Espécies arbóreas representam apenas 6% da riqueza da flora local. Apenas 12 espécies foram comuns às duas fisionomias, indicando alta especificidade de habitat (alta diversidade beta. O campo sujo apresentou maior riqueza de espécies e diversidade de formas de vida, mas o número de famílias foi maior no campo úmido. Entre as espécies observadas, seis estão ameaçadas de extinção no estado de SP e no Brasil: Evolvulus fuscus Meisn., Curtia tenuifolia (Aubl. Knobl., Camarea hirsuta A.St-Hil., Andropogon hypogynus Hack., Richardia stellaris (Cham. & Schltdl. Steud. e Xyris brevifolia Michx. Embora a área estudada seja pequena, com 33,88 ha de extensão, sujeita a impactos diversos devido à sua localização na zona urbana do município, a elevada biodiversidade ainda existente nesta rara amostra remanescente das fisionomias campestres de Cerrado no estado de São Paulo fortalece sua relevância para a conservação do bioma e a recomendação de que seja categorizada como Estação Ecológica.Tropical grassy biomes and the small plants forming the ground layer have been rarely assessed in the entire world. Unknown, they have been globally neglected by science and conservation policies. Aiming at filling this gap, we assessed the plant species composition and the biological spectrum of dry and wet grasslands within a small remnant of Cerrado vegetation, in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. We

  12. Duas espécies novas de membracídeos (Hemiptera, Membracidae da Mata Atlântica do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Two new species of treehopper (Hemiptera, Membracidae from the Atlantic Forest of São Paulo State, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Albino M. Sakakibara

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Duas espécies são descritas da Mata Atlântica do Estado de São Paulo: uma pertencente ao gênero Antonae Stål (Smiliinae-Ceresini, Antonae brasiliensis sp. nov. e outra a Hypheodana Metcalf (Darninae-Darnini, Hypheodana gargionei sp. nov., ambas de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo. O gênero Antonae é registrado pela primeira vez no Brasil e Hypheodana, por outro lado, para a Mata Atlântica.Two species are described: one belonging to the genus Antonae Stål (Smiliinae, Ceresini, Antonae brasiliensis sp. nov., and another to Hypheodana Metcalf (Darninae-Darnini, Hypheodana gargionei sp. nov., both from Campos do Jordão, São Paulo. The genus Antonae Stål is recorded for the first time in Brazil, and Hypheodana, on the other hand, in the Atlantic Forest.

  13. Exploring Monte Carlo methods

    CERN Document Server

    Dunn, William L

    2012-01-01

    Exploring Monte Carlo Methods is a basic text that describes the numerical methods that have come to be known as "Monte Carlo." The book treats the subject generically through the first eight chapters and, thus, should be of use to anyone who wants to learn to use Monte Carlo. The next two chapters focus on applications in nuclear engineering, which are illustrative of uses in other fields. Five appendices are included, which provide useful information on probability distributions, general-purpose Monte Carlo codes for radiation transport, and other matters. The famous "Buffon's needle proble

  14. Specialized Monte Carlo codes versus general-purpose Monte Carlo codes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Moskvin, Vadim; DesRosiers, Colleen; Papiez, Lech; Lu, Xiaoyi

    2002-01-01

    The possibilities of Monte Carlo modeling for dose calculations and optimization treatment are quite limited in radiation oncology applications. The main reason is that the Monte Carlo technique for dose calculations is time consuming while treatment planning may require hundreds of possible cases of dose simulations to be evaluated for dose optimization. The second reason is that general-purpose codes widely used in practice, require an experienced user to customize them for calculations. This paper discusses the concept of Monte Carlo code design that can avoid the main problems that are preventing wide spread use of this simulation technique in medical physics. (authors)

  15. Evaluadores del Número

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    . .

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Evaluadores extranjerosLeticia Barrera, Cornell University, Estados Unidos.Kelly Da Silva, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasil.María Eugenia Garay, Universidad de Guadalajara, México.Rodrigo Ghiringhelli de Azevedo, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, BrasilLana Lage da Gama Lima, Universidade Federal do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Brasil.Aldo Marchesi, Universidad de la República, UruguayAna Paula Mendes de Miranda, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil.Patrice Schuch, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasil.Gabriela Scotto, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil.Jacqueline Sinhoretto, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil.Evaluadores nacionalesSilvia Guemureman, Instituto Gino Germani, UBA.Gabriel Noel, Universidad Nacional de San Martín.Marcelo Sain, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.Manuel Moreira, Universidad Nacional de Misiones.Emilio Crenzel, Instituto Gino Germani, UBA.Ana María Gorosito, Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Obra de Tapa:Mira a todos lados, acrílico sobre tela, 83 x 68 cm.Carlos Sessano, Artista Plástico

  16. Monte Carlo principles and applications

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Raeside, D E [Oklahoma Univ., Oklahoma City (USA). Health Sciences Center

    1976-03-01

    The principles underlying the use of Monte Carlo methods are explained, for readers who may not be familiar with the approach. The generation of random numbers is discussed, and the connection between Monte Carlo methods and random numbers is indicated. Outlines of two well established Monte Carlo sampling techniques are given, together with examples illustrating their use. The general techniques for improving the efficiency of Monte Carlo calculations are considered. The literature relevant to the applications of Monte Carlo calculations in medical physics is reviewed.

  17. [Medical assessments and measurements in ELSA-Brasil].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mill, Jose Geraldo; Pinto, Karina; Griep, Rosane Härter; Goulart, Alessandra; Foppa, Murilo; Lotufo, Paulo A; Maestri, Marcelo K; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz; Andreão, Rodrigo Varejão; Dantas, Eduardo Miranda; Oliveira, Ilka; Fuchs, Sandra C; Cunha, Roberto de Sá; Bensenor, Isabela M

    2013-06-01

    The article describes assessments and measurements performed in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Some assessments including anthropometric assessment, casual blood pressure measurement, and ankle-brachial index have an established clinical application while others including pulse wave velocity, heart rate variability, and carotid intima-media thickness have no established application and do not have reference values for healthy Brazilian population but may be important predictors of cardiovascular outcomes. Blood pressure measurement following postural change maneuver was included in the ELSA-Brasil because it has not been much tested in epidemiological studies. Innovative approaches were developed for assessing the ankle-brachial index using an automatic device instead of the mercury column to measure blood pressure and for assessing the anterior-posterior diameter of the right lobe of the liver by ultrasound for quantitative assessment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. All ELSA-Brasil subjects were younger (35 years or more) than those included in other cohorts studying subclinical atherosclerosis. The inclusion of younger individuals and a variety of assessments make the ELSA-Brasil a relevant epidemiology study nationwide and worldwide.

  18. 11th International Conference on Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods in Scientific Computing

    CERN Document Server

    Nuyens, Dirk

    2016-01-01

    This book presents the refereed proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods in Scientific Computing that was held at the University of Leuven (Belgium) in April 2014. These biennial conferences are major events for Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo researchers. The proceedings include articles based on invited lectures as well as carefully selected contributed papers on all theoretical aspects and applications of Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo methods. Offering information on the latest developments in these very active areas, this book is an excellent reference resource for theoreticians and practitioners interested in solving high-dimensional computational problems, arising, in particular, in finance, statistics and computer graphics.

  19. Evaluation of the scatter-to-primary ratio in mammography and performance of anti-scatter grids by Monte Carlo simulations;Avaliacao da razao espalhamento/primario e do desempenho de grades anti-espalhamento em mamografia atraves de simulacoes Monte Carlo

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cunha, Diego M.; Tomal, Alessandra; Poletti, Martin E. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (DFM/FFCLRP/USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras. Dept. de Fisica e Matematica

    2009-07-01

    In this work, a computational code was developed for the study of image quality in screen-film mammography through Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The code includes implementation of interference and energy broadening effects, for the elastic and inelastic scattered photons, respectively. The contribution of scattered photons to the mammographic image was evaluated through the ratio between the energy deposited in the image receptor by scattered and primary photons (S/P ratio). The spatial distribution of the S1P ratio on the receptor was obtained for breasts of different thickness, between 2 and 8cm, considering a 50% adipose-SO% glandular breast. Different tube voltages were evaluated, for a Mo/Mo anode-filter combination. The S/P ratio was a/so obtained considering two different grids: a linear grid (grid ratio of 5:1) and a cellular grid (grid ratio of 3.8:1). Grid performance was computed through the contrast improvement factor (CIF) and Bucky factor (BF). Results showed that the S/P ratio increases linearly with breast thickness, and, for a given thickness, it showed considerably spatial variations on the image receptor. On the other hand, little dependence of the S/P ratio on the tube voltage was observed. Grid comparison showed that the cellular grid has better performance than the linear one, since it provides a greater CIF, with smaller values of BF. (author)

  20. Ocorrência de infecção natural de Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758 em Lymnaea columella Say, 1817 no Vale do Paraíba, SP, Brasil Natural infection by Fasciola hepatica in Lymnaea columella in the Paraíba river valley, S. Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marlene Tiduko Ueta

    1980-06-01

    Full Text Available Foram registradas em Piquete, no vale do rio Paraíba do Sul (SP, Brasil, taxas de 1,22% e 0,14% de infecção natural em Lymnaea columella, por Fasciola hepatica. Em um único exemplar de Lymnaea columella dentre os 1.052 examinados, foram observadas rédias com xifidiocercárias, rédias com cercárias de Fasciola hepatica e metacercárias de Echinostomatidae.Infection rates of 1.22% and 0.14% were obtained in Lymnaea columella snails naturally infected by Fasciola hepatica. Samples of the snails were collected in Piquete, a municipality of Paraíba do Sul, a river valley area in the State of S. Paulo. Also observed was one of the 1052 specimen of the Lymnaea columella rediae which had xiphidiocercariae and rediae with Fasciola hepatica cercariae and metacercariae of Echinostomatidae.

  1. Anomiopus Westwood (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae: novas espécies do grupo virescens Anomiopus Westwood (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae: new species of the virescens group

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Virgínia Luzia Canhedo

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Três novas espécies de Anomiopus Westwood, 1842 são acrescentadas ao grupo virescens: A. lunatipes sp. nov. (Brasil: Amazonas, A. paraguaiensis sp. nov. (Paraguai e A. tuberifrons sp. nov. (Brasil: Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul e São Paulo. Chave para as espécies do grupo virescens é fornecida.Three new species of Anomiopus Westwood, 1842 are added to the virescensgroup: A. lunatipes sp. nov. (Brazil: Amazonas, A. paraguaiensis sp. nov. (Paraguai and A. tuberifrons sp. nov. (Brazil: Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo. A key to the species of the group virescens is provided.

  2. Variedades da Democracia no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Bizzarro

    Full Text Available Resumo Neste artigo apresentamos resultados coletados pelo projeto Variedades da Democracia para o Brasil. Descrevemos a evolução histórica da democracia brasileira entre 1900 e 2015 enfocando seus cinco principais componentes (eleitoral, liberal, participativo, deliberativo e igualitário e duas dimensões adjacentes ao regime (corrupção e partidos políticos. Por fim, nós comparamos os dados para o Brasil com resultados obtidos para outros países da América do Sul. A análise dos dados aponta: a. a existência de uma trajetória “em espiral” dos regimes políticos no Brasil, na qual novas experiências democráticas tendem a superar experiências anteriores em todos os quesitos; b. os avanços e limites da experiência democrática contemporânea em que se combinam bons resultados nos indicadores eleitoral, liberal e deliberativo da democracia, e resultados menos elevados nos componentes igualitário e participativo do regime, bem como em suas dimensões adjacentes.

  3. Variabilidade espacial de atributos de um solo sob videira em Vitória Brasil (SP Spatial variability of soil characteristics under grapevine in Vitoria Brasil (State of Sao Paulo - Brazil

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    M. P. Carvalho

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available Foi pesquisada a variabilidade espacial de alguns atributos físicos e químicos de uma associação de solos cultivada sob videira (Vitis vinifera-L, do município de Vitória Brasil, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O objetivo foi estudar a dependência espacial de tais atributos, assim como caracterizar as respectivas variabilidades, distribuições de freqüência e números mínimos de subamostras do solo para a cultura da videira. Para isso, coletaram-se dados do solo, dispostos segundo uma malha com 156 pontos amostrais, sendo analisados por meio da geoestatística. As maiores variabilidades foram verificadas para a macroporosidade (MA, P, K, Ca, Mg, SB e CTC, ao passo que as menores foram para a densidade do solo (DS, pH e V. O número mínimo de subamostras, necessário para formar uma amostra composta e representativa, variou de 1 (pH e V a 241 (Mg, tendo seu valor médio de 64 subamostras. Quanto à dependência espacial, o P e o V apresentaram, respectivamente, forte e fraca dependência, enquanto o restante dos atributos apresentou moderada dependência. Desta forma, o alcance dos atributos físicos variou de 2,56 a 4,32 m, enquanto o dos químicos variou de 1,82 a 5,64 m.The spatial variability of some physical and chemical characteristics of a compound of soils under grapevine (Vitis vinifera-L cultivation was studied in the county Vitória Brasil, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Main objective was research into the spatial dependence of these soil characteristics and their variability, frequency distribution and minimum number of soil subsamples for grapevine crop. Soil data were collected in grid sampling at 156 points, using geoestatistics for the data analysis. Highest variability was found for macroporosity (MA, P, K, Ca, Mg, SB, and CTC, and the smallest for bulk density (BD, pH, and V. The minimum number of soil subsamples to form a compound and representative sample varied between 1 (pH and V and 241 (Mg, with a mean of 64

  4. MORSEC-SP, Step Function Angular Distribution for Cross-Sections Calculation by Program MORSE

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1980-01-01

    1 - Description of problem or function: MORSEC-SP allows one to utilize a step distribution to describe the angular dependence of the multi- group function in the MORSEC cross section module of the MORSE Monte Carlo code. The step distribution is always non-negative and may be used in the random walk and for making point detector estimators. 2 - Method of solution: MORSEC-SP utilizes a table look up procedure to provide the probability of scattering when making point detector estimates for a given incident energy group and scattering angle. In the random walk, the step distributions are converted to cumulative distributions and an angle of scatter is selected from the cumulative distributions. Step distributions are obtained from calculation using the converted moments from the given Legendre coefficients of the scattering distributions. 3 - Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: Additional coding to the MORSEC module is variable dimensional and fully incorporated into blank common

  5. Análise de viabilidade para abertura de esmaltaria na cidade de Limeira-SP = Feasibility analysis for opening esmaltaria in the city of Limeira-SP

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    Leandro da Silva Berion

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Em todo o mundo, e também no Brasil, a indústria de higiene pessoal, perfumaria e cosméticos é uma das que mais crescem e, consequentemente, o setor de serviços prestados à essa área acompanha este crescimento. Tal fato é evidenciado pelo grande número de empreendimentos voltados a prestação de serviços na área da beleza onde se pode encontrar, em uma mesma microrregião (como municípios ou bairros, diversos prestadores deste tipo de serviço em um pequeno intervalo de espaço. Assim, como resultado a grande oferta de serviço, a diferenciação seja de atendimento e/ou produto se faz fundamental assistindo, também, a crescente exigência por parte dos clientes que buscam a inovação, o bem-estar, o conforto e o atendimento exclusivo. Com isso, surgiu no Brasil um novo modelo de negócio especializado em beleza: a Esmaltaria. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvida uma análise de viabilidade econômica voltada a implantação de uma Esmaltaria na cidade de Limeira-SP. Levantamentos foram realizados envolvendo todos os custos necessários para a implantação deste projeto e, também foram estimados os níveis de demanda e faturamento, possibilitando a projeção dos possíveis fluxos de caixa do negócio. As ferramentas econômicas utilizadas foram o Valor Presente Líquido, a Taxa Interna de Retorno, o Payback simples, o Payback descontado, o Índice Retorno sobre Investimento. Verificou-se que com uma receita mensal acima R$ 2.730,00 é viável a abertura de uma Esmaltaria na cidade de Limeira-SP. = Around the world, and in Brazil, industry personnel, perfumery and cosmetics is one of the fastest growing and, consequently, the sector of service to this area accompanies this growth. This fact is evidenced by the large number of projects aimed at providing services in the field of beauty where one can find, in the same micro (such as municipalities or neighborhoods, many providers of this type of service in a small space interval. Thus

  6. Revisão do gênero Potnia Stål (Homoptera, Membracidae, Membracinae, Hoplophorionini Revision of the genus Potnia Stål (Homoptera, Membracidae, Membracinae, Hoplophorionini

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    Antônio J Creão-Duarte

    1996-01-01

    Full Text Available Fifteen species of Potnia Stål, 1866 are presented with descriptions, illustrations and a key for identification. The following nomenclatural changes are introduced: P. knightae sp.n. (from Guiana, P. miracyae sp.n. (from Costa Rica, P. diringshofeni sp.n. (from Brasil, P. webbi sp.n. (from Brazil, P. turrialbensis sp.n. (from Costa Rica, P. pinheiroi sp.n. (from Brazil, P. tapuruquarensis sp.n. (from Brasil, P. cornigera sp.n. (from Brazil and P. inca sp.n. (from Peru. Potnia venosa (Germar, 1821 = Aconophora nigrivittata Walker, 1851, syn.n. = Potnia perobtusa Fowler, 1894, syn.n.. Potnia brevicornis Fowler, 1894, sp. reval. = Potnia brunneifrontis Funkhouser, 1943, syn.n. = Potnia maculata Funkhouser, 1943, syn.n.. Potnia jacula (Fabricius, 1803 = Potnia orthosoma Fonseca & Diringshofen, 1974, syn.n.

  7. Jovens de Santo André, SP, Brasil: Um estudo sobre valores em diferentes grupos sociais

    OpenAIRE

    Sheila Aparecida Ferreira Lachtim

    2010-01-01

    Esta dissertação se propõe a: apreender valores sociais contemporâneos, notadamente aqueles referidos ao consumo de drogas, discutir diferenças entre esses valores nos diferentes grupos sociais; e analisar possíveis relações entre esses valores. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de caráter exploratório, descritivo e analítico que utilizou um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturada para apreensão do objeto. Um total de 86 jovens participou, de diferentes regiões do município de Santo André, SP,...

  8. O perfil do idoso de baixa renda no Município de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil: um estudo epidemiológico Low-income senior citizens in the Municipality of São Carlos, São Paulo State, Brazil: an epidemiological survey

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    Adriana Barbieri Feliciano

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo delineou o perfil de saúde de uma população idosa, residente em São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil, no ano de 2003. A população do estudo (n = 523 foi constituída pelo universo de pessoas com sessenta anos e mais, cadastradas no Programa Saúde da Família e no Cartão Nacional de Saúde. A prevalência de incapacidades, doenças crônicas e estado cognitivo foi estimada por ponto e por intervalos, construídos com 95% de confiança. Os resultados do estudo mostraram um predomínio de mulheres com baixa escolaridade; 24,8% referiram não receber aposentadoria ou pensão; 43,6% relataram não participar de atividades de integração social; 46,7% necessitavam de ajuda para realizar de uma a três atividades da vida diária. Com relação à morbidade, 74,9% eram portadores de 1 a 5 doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e 56,2% alcançaram escores abaixo de 24 no teste cognitivo, 87% procuraram por serviços de saúde e 22,4% necessitaram de algum tipo de internação. Conclui-se pela necessidade de maior adequação dos profissionais e serviços de saúde para uma efetiva implementação de políticas públicas de atenção adequada aos idosos.This study focuses on the health profile of the elderly population in São Carlos, São Paulo State, Brazil, in 2003. The study population consisted of a sample over 60 years of age (n = 523 registered with the Family Health Program and the Unified National Health System. Point and interval prevalence of disabilities and chronic non-communicable diseases and cognitive status were estimated (95%CI. The study population was predominantly female with low education; 24.8% lacked any kind of retirement pension; 43.6% presented a low level of social integration; 46.7% required some form of help for 1 to 3 routine activities; 74.9% presented 1 to 5 chronic non-communicable diseases; and 56.2% scored under 24 on a cognitive test. Some 87.0% had sought health care and 22.4% required some kind

  9. Detecção de Chlamydophila felis e Herpesvirus felino tipo 1 em felídeo não doméstico no Brasil

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    Meire Christina Seki

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Poucos trabalhos descrevem a ocorrência dos agentes do complexo respiratório felino, Herpesvírus Felino tipo 1 (FHV-1 e Chlamydophila felis, e a coinfecção com o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV e leucemia viral felina (FeLV em felinos não domésticos no Brasil. Entre 2009 e 2010, 72 amostras de swab de conjuntiva e de soro foram coletados de oito espécies de felinos não domésticos (Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus tigrinus, Panthera leo, Panthera tigris, Puma concolor, Puma yagouaroundi, Oncifelis colocolo, and Panthera onca mantidos em cativeiro em zoológicos brasileiros. O DNA foi extraído das amostras de swab de conjuntiva para detecção de Chlamydophila sp e FHV-1 pela PCR. Anticorpos para FIV e antígeno para FeLV foram determinados pelo kit comercial de ELISA. Anticorpos para FIV foram detectados em cinco felídeos (6,9%. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva para a presença de antígeno de FeLV. Um (1,3% dos 72 felinos não domésticos apresentou fragmentos de DNA de Chlamydophila sp e FHV-1 pela PCR. Este felino era uma jaguatirica que não apresentou anticorpos para FIV e nem antígeno para FelV. Estes resultados demonstram a ocorrência de coinfecção de C. felis e FHV-1 em uma jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis no Brasil.

  10. Avaliação econômica dos Programas Rede Farmácia de Minas do SUS versus Farmácia Popular do Brasil

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    Marina Morgado Garcia

    Full Text Available Resumo A fim de esclarecer qual programa de assistência farmacêutica, Rede Farmácia de Minas Gerais RFMG ou Farmácia Popular do Brasil FPB, se apresenta como o mais eficiente sob a perspectiva do financiador público foi realizada uma avaliação econômica. O modelo desenvolvido consiste em um levantamento dos custos incorridos até a dispensação de medicamentos. A análise de Monte Carlo foi utilizada para estimar valores a partir das incertezas. Considerando que a população inicialmente estimada no RFMG fosse atendida em sua totalidade no PFPB, haveria um custo incremental de R$ 139.324.050,19. A análise de Monte Carlo mostrou-se favorável ao RFMG. Foram realizadas 10 mil simulações resultando no valor médio de R$ 114.053.709,99 para RFMG e de R$ 254.106.120,65 para o FPB. O Brasil apresenta uma formulação avançada de políticas públicas na saúde. A Política Nacional de Medicamentos enfatiza a necessidade de fortalecimento da assistência farmacêutica para além da mera aquisição. O modelo público, coerente com princípios e diretrizes do SUS, apresenta-se com condições mais adequadas para garantir assistência integral e universal de qualidade. A avaliação econômica reforça essa afirmativa, pois encontrou maior eficiência na alternativa de aplicação dos recursos diretamente na rede pública.

  11. Silencing the SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 Genes in Tomato Reduces Abscisic Acid—Mediated Drought Tolerance

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    Yan Liang

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Drought is a major threat to agriculture production worldwide. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs play a pivotal role in sensing and converting stress signals into appropriate responses so that plants can adapt and survive. To examine the function of MAPKs in the drought tolerance of tomato plants, we silenced the SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 genes in wild-type plants using the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS method. The results indicate that silencing the individual genes or co-silencing SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 reduced the drought tolerance of tomato plants by varying degrees. Co-silencing SpMPK1 and SpMPK2 impaired abscisic acid (ABA-induced and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2-induced stomatal closure and enhanced ABA-induced H2O2 production. Similar results were observed when silencing SpMPK3 alone, but not when SpMPK1 and SpMPK2 were individually silenced. These data suggest that the functions of SpMPK1 and SpMPK2 are redundant, and they overlap with that of SpMPK3 in drought stress signaling pathways. In addition, we found that SpMPK3 may regulate H2O2 levels by mediating the expression of CAT1. Hence, SpMPK1, SpMPK2, and SpMPK3 may play crucial roles in enhancing tomato plants’ drought tolerance by influencing stomatal activity and H2O2 production via the ABA-H2O2 pathway.

  12. Notas sinonímicas sobre Hesperiidae neotropicais, com descrições de novos gêneros, espécies e subespécies (Lepidoptera

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    Olaf H. H. Mielke

    1990-01-01

    Full Text Available Celaenorrhinus shema mercedensis, ssp. n. de La Mercede e Rio Colorado, Peru e Cochabamba, Bolívia; Phocides pialia intermedia, ssp. n. de Minas Gerais, Brasil; Corticea diamantina, sp. n. de Minas Gerais, Brasil; Artines tobiasi sp. n. de Minas Gerais, Brasil; Cymaenes albiventris albiventris, sp. n. do Maranhão, Brasil; Cymaenes albiventris capixaba, ssp. n. do Espirito Santo, Brasil; Papias cascatona, sp. n. de Minas Geras, Brasil; Lerema caraca, sp. n. de Minas Gerais e Espirito Santo, Brasil; Vettius ploetzii morretesi, ssp. n. do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Propapias, gen. n., tipo: Rhinthon proximus Bell, 1934, única espécie incluída. Celaenorrhinus songoensis saroma Evans, 1952, comb. n.; Celaenorrhinus songoensis tonio Evans, 1952, comb. n. Lerema duroca duroca (Ploetz, 1883, comb. n. e sp. rev. Lerema duroca lenta Evans, 1955, stat. n. Eumesia eburones inornata (Bell, 1937, comb. n. e stat. n., Eprius veleda obrepta (Kivirikko, 1936, comb. n. e stat. n., Phocides zancleius 1932 syn. n. de Phocides pialia (Hewitson, 1857; Dalla eburones elna Evans, 1955 syn. n. de Eumesia eburones inornata (Bell, 1937; Staphylus holaphegges Dyar, 1913 syn. n. de Eprius veleda veleda (Godman, 1901; Eprius veleda palta Evans, 1955 syn. n. de Eprius veleda obrepta (Kivirikko, 1936; Lerema elgina Schaus, 1902 syn. n. de Lerema duroca duroca (Ploetz, 1883. Dalla Mabille, 1904 syn. n. de Eumesia Felder &. Felder, 1867, n. rev, Eumesiinae Felder & Felder, 1867, n. rev.Celaenorrhinus shema mercedensis, ssp. n. from La Merced and Rio Colorado, Peru, and Cochabamba, Bolívia; Phocides pialia intermedia, ssp. n. from Minas Gerais, Brazil; Corticea diamantina, sp. n. from Minas Gerais, Brazil; Artines tobiasi, sp. n. from Minas Gerais, Brazil; Cymaenes albiventris albiventris, sp. n. from Maranhão, Brazil; Cymaenes albiventris capixaba, ssp. n. from Espírito Santo, Brazil; Papias cascatona, sp. n. from Minas Gerais, Brazil; Lerema caraca, sp. n. from

  13. CERN honours Carlo Rubbia

    CERN Document Server

    2009-01-01

    Carlo Rubbia turned 75 on March 31, and CERN held a symposium to mark his birthday and pay tribute to his impressive contribution to both CERN and science. Carlo Rubbia, 4th from right, together with the speakers at the symposium.On 7 April CERN hosted a celebration marking Carlo Rubbia’s 75th birthday and 25 years since he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. "Today we will celebrate 100 years of Carlo Rubbia" joked CERN’s Director-General, Rolf Heuer in his opening speech, "75 years of his age and 25 years of the Nobel Prize." Rubbia received the Nobel Prize along with Simon van der Meer for contributions to the discovery of the W and Z bosons, carriers of the weak interaction. During the symposium, which was held in the Main Auditorium, several eminent speakers gave lectures on areas of science to which Carlo Rubbia made decisive contributions. Among those who spoke were Michel Spiro, Director of the French National Insti...

  14. Contrainte supplémentaire de potentiel dans une simulation monte carlo inverse pour l'étude de l'electrolyte aqueux LICL-6H2O à l'etat vitreux.

    OpenAIRE

    HABCHI, Mohammed

    2015-01-01

    L’électrolyte aqueux de type LICI-6H2O est étudie a l’état vitreux (120k) . Ce système présente la proprette de former un verre en passant par l’état liquide métastable surfondu quand la température diminue . La méthode de simulation utilisée dette de monte Carlo inverse (RMC) de l'anglais reverse monte Carlo celle-ci présent l’intérêt de pouvoir être appliquée sans que les interaction interatomiques et intermoléculaires soient spécifies .

  15. Ovos de Toxocara sp. e larvas de Ancylostoma sp. em praça pública de Lavras, MG Toxocara sp. eggs and Ancylostoma sp. larva in public parks, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antônio Marcos Guimarães

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Larva migrans visceral e cutânea são zoonoses parasitárias causadas pela infecção da larva de Toxocara sp. e Ancylostoma sp., respectivamente. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a contaminação por ovos de Toxocara sp. e ovos e larvas de Ancylostoma sp. em amostras de solos coletadas de praças públicas e de áreas de recreação infantil de Lavras, Estado de Minas Gerais, por meio da técnica de centrífugo-flutuação e do método de Baermann. A ocorrência de ovos de Toxocara sp. e, ovos e larvas de Ancylostoma sp. foi observada em 69,6% (16/23 das amostras de solo coletadas de praças públicas. A contaminação somente por ovos de Ancylostoma sp. em amostras de solo coletadas em escolas/creches foi de 22,2% (4/18. A percentagem de amostras de areia coletadas de escolas/creches contaminadas somente com larvas de Ancylostoma sp. foi de 11,1% (2/18. Praças públicas são as áreas com maior risco potencial de infecção por Toxocara sp. e Ancylostoma sp. Exame coproparasitológico realizado em 174 amostras de fezes de cães observou 58% e 23%, respectivamente, com ovos de Ancylostoma sp. e Toxocara sp.Visceral and cutaneous larva migrans are parasitic zoonoses caused by the infection of larval nematodes Toxocara sp. and Ancylostoma sp. respectively. The objective of this study was to investigate the contamination by Toxocara sp. eggs and Ancylostoma sp. eggs and larva of soil samples collected from public parks and children's playground areas in state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, using both Baermann's method and centrifugal flotation technique. Toxocara sp. and Ancylostoma sp. eggs were observed in soil samples collected from public squares in 17.4% (4/23 and 69.6 (16/23 respectively. In schools and child day care settings the contamination by Ancylostoma sp. larva in sand samples was 11.1% (2/18. Public parks are settings of more potential risk of Toxocara sp. eggs and Ancylostoma sp. infection. Stool parasitology testing of 174 stool

  16. Cymothoa spinipalpa sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae a buccal cavity parasite of the marine fish, Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider (Osteichthyes, Carangidae of Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil Cymothoa spinipalpa sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae um parasito da cavidade bucal do peixe marinho, Oligoplites saurus (Bloch & Schneider (Osteichthyes, Carangidae do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vernon E. Thatcher

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Cymothoa spinipalpa sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae a buccal cavity parasite of the marine fish, Oligoplites saurus, is described on the basis of eight male specimens and one female. The fish hosts were captured in the coastal waters of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. In the new species, the anterior margin of the cephalon is doubled ventrally over the bases of the antennae. In this respect, it resembles C. recifea Thatcher & Fonseca, 2005. It differs from that species, however, in being much smaller and having basal carinae on the pereopods 4 to 7 that are small and rounded (not large and pointed. Also, pleopods 2-4 lack the folds and pockets that are present in C. recifea. The new species can be distinguished from all known Cymothoa spp. by the mandibular palps which are entirely covered with small spines in adult males. The mancas of the new species resemble those of Cymothoa oestrum since they have elongate antennae but they are wider and have shorter uropods.Cymothoa spinipalpa sp. nov. (Isopoda, Cymothoidae, um parasito da cavidade bucal do peixe marinho, Oligoplites saurus, é descrita baseada em oito espécimes machos e uma fêmea Os peixes foram capturados nas águas costeiras de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Na nova espécie, a margem anterior do cefalon é dobrada ventralmente sobre as bases das antenas. Neste aspecto, ela assemelha-se a C. recifea Thatcher & Fonseca, 2005. Distingue-se dessa espécie, no entanto, pelo menor tamanho e pelas carinas dos pereópodos 4 a 7 que são relativamente pequenas e arredondadas (não grandes e ponte agudas. Aliás, os pleópodos 2-4 carecem das dobras e bolsos que são presentes em C. recifea. Cymothoa spinipalpa sp. nov. distingue-se de todas as demais espécies de Cymothoa por ter palpos mandibulares completamente cobertos por espinhos nos machos adultos. As mancas têm antenas compridas e por isso parecem com as de Cymothoa oestrum mas distinguem-se por serem mais largas e de

  17. Apresentar o Brasil aos brasileiros, aproximar os brasileiros de sua pátria: a materialidade na geografia escolar de Delgado de Carvalho

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patrícia Coelho Costa

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este texto analisa o uso do espaço e de objetos escolares no ensino da Geografia a partir da perspectiva de Carlos Delgado de Carvalho. Para esse mestre, de formação francesa, adepto das teorias de Ratzel, apresentar o Brasil através dessa disciplina era uma missão cívica. Para tal, idealizou gabinetes nos quais recursos científicos foram utilizados para romper com os métodos de ensino de seu tempo, que se baseavam no verbalismo. O estudo dessa arquitetura e de seus objetos, a partir de uma perspectiva etnográfica, revela características da cultura material escolar da década de 1930.

  18. EFEITO DA INOCULAÇÃO COM BRADYRHIZOBIUM SP., NITROGÊNIO E MICRONUTRIENTES NO RENDIMENTO DO GRÃO-DE-BICO

    OpenAIRE

    BRAGA,NELSON RAIMUNDO; VIEIRA,CLIBAS

    1998-01-01

    A cultura do grão-de-bico (Cicer arietinum L.) inexiste comercialmente no Brasil. No presente estudo, num podzólico vermelho-amarelo em Coimbra, microrregião de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, desenvolveram-se dois experimentos com grão-de-bico: um com o cultivar IAC-Marrocos e o outro com o 'IAC Índia-4'. Os tratamentos constituíram um fatorial 24, no qual os fatores foram: Bradyrhizobium sp. (inoculação das sementes ou não), adubação nitrogenada em cobertura (0 ou 30 kg.ha-1 de N), molibdênio em pulv...

  19. Antibacterial Actions and Potential Phototoxic Effects of Volatile oils of Foeniculum sp. (fennel, Salvia sp. (sage, Vitis sp. (grape, Lavandula sp. (lavender

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elif Ayse Erdogan Eliuz

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available In the present study, the volatile compounds of essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel, Salvia officinalis (sage, Vitis vinifera (grape, Lavandula angustifolia (lavender were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS using the Nist and Willey libraries. It was determined that the main components of Foeniculum sp. were anethole (41.11%, carvacrol (9.18%. whereas main components of Salvia sp were 1.8 cineole (34.09%, caryophyllene (10.95%, camphor (9.44%, α-pinene (8.42%. Vitis sp. contained linoleic acid (36.98%, 2,4-decadienal (30.79%. Finally, volatile component of Lavandula sp. was linalool (33.57%, linalyl acetate (30.74%. Photoxic antibacterial activity of volatile oil of those plants against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25293, Klebsiella pneumoniae (10031, Salmonella thyphimurium, Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25925, Enterococcus feacalis (ATCC 29212 were examined by using disc diffusion method. We demonstrated that volatile oil effectively can be activated by a standard LED light. In vitro, significant phototoxicity was demonstrated by volatile oil of Foeniculum sp. and Vitis sp. (P < 0.05, while minor phototoxicity was induced by Lavandula sp. Therefore, volatile oil of plant can be considered as a potential photosensitizer in the photochemical therapy.

  20. MARGEM DENTRO DA MARGEM: OLHAR ANGOLANO PARA O BRASIL

    OpenAIRE

    Montaury, Alexandre

    2008-01-01

    O ARTIGO PROPÕE UMA ANÁLISE DE UM DOS MAIS RECENTES TRABALHOS DO ESCRITOR RUY DUARTE DE CARVALHO, DESMEDIDA – LUANDA, SÃO PAULO, SÃO FRANCISCO E VOLTA: CRÓNICAS DO BRASIL (2006), PARA FORMULAR ENTENDIMENTOS ACERCA DO REDIMENSIONAMENTO DOS TRÂNSITOS CULTURAIS ENTRE O BRASIL E ANGOLA, NA EXPERIÊNCIA CONTEMPORÂNEA. O OBJETIVO DESTA PROPOSTA É PÔREM QUESTÃO A ESPECIFICIDADE DE UM OLHAR ANGOLANO PARA O BRASIL QUE, ALÉM DE LER A MARGEM DE DENTRO DA MARGEM, ATUALIZA AS FORMAS DE “COMUNHÃO DA EXPERIÊ...

  1. Manganelli "posfaciado" no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrea Santurbano

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available É sabido como o escritor italiano Giorgio Manganelli (1922-1990 amava escrever para seus livros orelhas e contracapas que, de alguma forma, dialogavam e integravam o próprio texto. Já em dois dos seus três livros traduzidos no Brasil – Hilarotragoedia (Imago, 1993 e Centúria (Iluminuras, 1995 –, encontram- se prefácios e introduções, sendo reposicionados ou parcialmente omitidos os peritextos, de acordo com a definição de Genette, originais. Este artigo, portanto, pretende analisar a diferente articulação dos paratextos nas edições traduzidas, a fim de refletir sobre as estratégias pensadas para a recepção no Brasil de um autor, sem dúvida, de difícil acesso.

  2. On the use of stochastic approximation Monte Carlo for Monte Carlo integration

    KAUST Repository

    Liang, Faming

    2009-03-01

    The stochastic approximation Monte Carlo (SAMC) algorithm has recently been proposed as a dynamic optimization algorithm in the literature. In this paper, we show in theory that the samples generated by SAMC can be used for Monte Carlo integration via a dynamically weighted estimator by calling some results from the literature of nonhomogeneous Markov chains. Our numerical results indicate that SAMC can yield significant savings over conventional Monte Carlo algorithms, such as the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, for the problems for which the energy landscape is rugged. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  3. On the use of stochastic approximation Monte Carlo for Monte Carlo integration

    KAUST Repository

    Liang, Faming

    2009-01-01

    The stochastic approximation Monte Carlo (SAMC) algorithm has recently been proposed as a dynamic optimization algorithm in the literature. In this paper, we show in theory that the samples generated by SAMC can be used for Monte Carlo integration

  4. Ocorrência de Taenia sp. na população atendida no laboratório central do Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brasil (1960/1989 Occurrence of Taenia sp. in the population attended in the central laboratory of "Instituto Adolfo Lutz", São Paulo, SP, Brazil (1960/1989

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa Maria Donini Souza Dias

    1991-04-01

    Full Text Available Foram examinados retrospectivamente os relatórios mensais e anuais da Seção de Enteroparasitoses do Laboratório Central do Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, do período de 1960 a 1989, perfazendo uma série histórica de 30 anos, com 1.519.730 exames protoparasitológicos e 355 identificações de proglotes de Taenia. Pelo método da sedimentação espontânea foram diagnosticados 7.663 (0,5% casos de presença de ovos de Taenia sp. nas fezes. Das 355 proglotes enviadas para identificação, 311 (87,60% estavam em condições de serem especificadas, e dessas, 273 (87,80% eram proglotes de Taenia saginata e 38 (12,22% de T. solium.Monthly and yearly reports of the Seção de Enteroparasitoses of the Instituto Adolfo Lutz (São Paulo, SP, Brazil from 1960 to 1989 with 1,519,730 parasitological stool examinations were studied. There were also 355 identifications of Taenia sp. proglottids. Using HOFFMAN, PONS & JANER's method, 7,663 (0.5% cases of taeniasis were diagnosed, and 311 (87.60% of the 355 proglottids were on easy terms to be specified, 273 (87.80% of them were from Taenia saginata.

  5. Impacts of the MERCOSUR Agreement on the Uruguayan Economy

    Science.gov (United States)

    1994-06-01

    Carlos, Comercio con Argentina y Brasil: Uno o Dos Patrones de Insercion Regional? Sextas Jornadas Anuales de Economia , Banco Central del Uruguay...lornadas Anuales de Economia , BCU, Montevideo. 1990. "Rolds, Jorge, MERCOSUR, Pohtica Comercial Optima?, Boletin Ceres •(), Montevideo. 1991. 4" Also...34 Quintas Jornadas Anuales de Economia , BCU, 1990. Berreta, Nora and Paolino, Carlos, "Comercio con Argentina y Brasil: uno o dos patrones de inserci6n

  6. Distribuição e Densidade de Nasutitermes sp. (Isoptera: Termitidae em Mata Ribeirinha do Rio Miranda, Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro Pereira Polatto

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Resumo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a influência da densidade arbórea e da borda sobre a quantidade e o volume nidal dos ninhos arborícolas de Nasutitermes sp., bem como, verificar a dependência do tamanho desses ninhos e a sua região de fixação em relação à arquitetura arbórea. A coleta de dados foi realizada em outubro de 2005, em um trecho da mata ribeirinha do rio Miranda no Pantanal Miranda-Abobral, sendo feita amostragem da quantidade e volume nidal dos ninhos arborícolas de Nasutitermes sp. e verificado a densidade de árvores de dossel através do método de amostragem por parcelas ao longo de um gradiente de profundidade na mata. Outros valores de arquitetura arbórea em que o ninho servia de abrigo também foram analisados, utilizando-se o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, o teste de Kruskal-Wallis e o Qui-Quadrado. Dentre os resultados analisados, conclui-se que os ninhos arborícolas de Nasutitermes sp. não estão distribuídos ao acaso na mata. Mas sim, pode-se inferir que a quantidade e volume nidal, os locais de fixação, construção e desenvolvimento desses ninhos arborícolas na mata ribeirinha do rio Miranda sofrem interferência da estrutura arbórea da mata estudada. Nasutitermes sp. (Isoptera: Termitidae Distribution and Density in Riverine Forest of the River Miranda, Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense, Brazil.Abstract. This work had as objectives to analyze the influence of the arboreal density and of the border on the amount and the volumetric mass of the arboreal nests of Nasutitermes sp., and to verify the dependence of the size of those nests and your fixation area in relation to the arboreal architecture. In October of 2005, in a space of the riverine forest of the river Miranda in the Pantanal of the Miranda-Abobral was accomplished the collection of data, being made sampling of the amount and volumetric mass of the arboreal nests of Nasutitermes sp., and verified the density of dossal

  7. A tuberculose pulmonar nos presídios da região de saúde de Presidente Prudente-SP, Dir XVI -1998-2002

    OpenAIRE

    Rossi, Zuleica Oliani [UNESP

    2006-01-01

    A tuberculose continua sendo um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no Mundo. Em lugares de confinamento, como os presídios, o bacilo de Koch encontra condições ideais para disseminação local e na comunidade. Objetivo: Comparar a tuberculose pulmonar nos presídios e na população geral da região de saúde de Presidente Prudente - SP. Método: Estudo retrospectivo utilizando dados do banco EpiTB , referentes à tuberculose pulmonar em presidiários e não presidiários, homens, de 19 a 59 ano...

  8. PREVALÊNCIA DE HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL E PRESENÇA DE EXCESSO DE PESO EM PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EM UM AMBULATÓRIO UNIVERSITÁRIO DE NUTRIÇÃO NA CIDADE DE SÃO CARLOS – SP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    G. A. BOAVENTURA

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available

    A hipertensão é o problema de saúde pública mais comum nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. No Brasil ela acomete, aproximadamente, 22% da população adulta e corresponde a 15,2% das intervenções realizadas no SUS. A adoção de um estilo de vida adequado é fundamental no tratamento de hipertensos, particularmente quando há síndrome metabólica. O estudo foi do tipo retrospectivo, por intermédio do levantamento de dados contidos nos prontuários dos pacientes. A população alvo constituiu-se de 303 indivíduos adultos, de ambos os gêneros atendidos em um Ambulatório Universitário de Nutrição, durante o ano de 2006, na cidade de São Carlos/SP. O critério de inclusão eram ser portadores de hipertensão arterial, clinicamente diagnosticados por um especialista. Utilizou-se para classificação do estado nutricional o índice de massa corporal (IMC, segundo WHO.35 Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de análise de todos os prontuários identificando-se 76 pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial (25,08%, com maior incidência do gênero feminino (81,6%, entre 51 e 60 anos de idade, com prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em 93,4% do grupo, confirmando a associação da obesidade e hipertensão arterial, e o aumento do risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Estes dados demonstram a necessidade de acompanhamento clínico e nutricional para redução de peso, modifi cações de estilo de vida e controle da pressão arterial.

  9. Bradysia sp. em morangueiro Bradysia sp. in strawberry

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernadete Radin

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available No trabalho, relatam-se os primeiros registros de Bradysia sp. (Insecta: Diptera: Sciaridae em morangueiro (Fragaria x ananassa Duch., cultivado no Município de Eldorado do Sul, RS. O cultivo foi realizado em sacolas com três metros de comprimento, preenchidas com substrato composto de casca de arroz e turfa, dispostas horizontalmente sobre bancadas de madeira, em ambiente protegido. A presença de Bradysia sp. foi observada na segunda quinzena de agosto de 2005. Neste trabalho, estão descritos os sintomas apresentados no morangueiro pela praga, prováveis conseqüências sobre o aparecimento de doenças e uma breve descrição morfológica da Bradysia sp., adulto e fase larval.This paper describes the first record of Bradysia sp. (Insecta; Diptera; Sciaridae in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa, cultivated in the city of Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil. Strawberry was planted in plastic bags filled with a mixture of burnt rice hulls and peat and cultivated in a greenhouse. The presence of Bradysia sp was noticed in the second fortnight of August, 2005. The symptoms in strawberry and the probable consequences in terms of disease arising were described in the present study, as well as the morphological characterization of Bradysia sp. and its illustrations.

  10. Vectorized Monte Carlo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brown, F.B.

    1981-01-01

    Examination of the global algorithms and local kernels of conventional general-purpose Monte Carlo codes shows that multigroup Monte Carlo methods have sufficient structure to permit efficient vectorization. A structured multigroup Monte Carlo algorithm for vector computers is developed in which many particle events are treated at once on a cell-by-cell basis. Vectorization of kernels for tracking and variance reduction is described, and a new method for discrete sampling is developed to facilitate the vectorization of collision analysis. To demonstrate the potential of the new method, a vectorized Monte Carlo code for multigroup radiation transport analysis was developed. This code incorporates many features of conventional general-purpose production codes, including general geometry, splitting and Russian roulette, survival biasing, variance estimation via batching, a number of cutoffs, and generalized tallies of collision, tracklength, and surface crossing estimators with response functions. Predictions of vectorized performance characteristics for the CYBER-205 were made using emulated coding and a dynamic model of vector instruction timing. Computation rates were examined for a variety of test problems to determine sensitivities to batch size and vector lengths. Significant speedups are predicted for even a few hundred particles per batch, and asymptotic speedups by about 40 over equivalent Amdahl 470V/8 scalar codes arepredicted for a few thousand particles per batch. The principal conclusion is that vectorization of a general-purpose multigroup Monte Carlo code is well worth the significant effort required for stylized coding and major algorithmic changes

  11. Physical activity in Brazil: lessons from ELSA-Brasil. Narrative review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pitanga, Francisco José Gondim; Almeida, Maria Conceição Chagas; Queiroz, Ciro Oliveira; Aquino, Estela Maria Leão de; Matos, Sheila Maria Alvim

    2017-01-01

    The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) was conducted among civil servants at six higher education institutions located in six Brazilian state capitals. The objective of this review was to identify the publications produced within the scope of ELSA-Brasil that analyzed the participants' physical activity. Review study using baseline data from ELSA-Brasil. Narrative review of Brazilian studies on physical activity produced using data from ELSA-Brasil participants. The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among ELSA-Brasil participants was low (44.1% among men and 33.8% among women). The main factors associated were social (higher schooling and family income), environmental (living in places with conditions and opportunities for physical activity) and individual (not being obese, being retired, not smoking and positive perception of body image). The perception of facilities for walking in the neighborhood was positively associated with both LTPA and commuting-related physical activity. An active lifestyle was a protective factor against several cardiometa-bolic variables (hypertension, diabetes, lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular risk over the next 10 years). Comparison between LTPA and commuting-related physical activity showed that only LTPA had a protective effect against arterial hypertension. The prevalence of physical activity among ELSA-Brasil participants was low. The main determinants were social, environmental and personal. LTPA had a greater protective efect on cardio-metabolic outcomes than did commuting-related physical activity.

  12. Adjoint electron Monte Carlo calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jordan, T.M.

    1986-01-01

    Adjoint Monte Carlo is the most efficient method for accurate analysis of space systems exposed to natural and artificially enhanced electron environments. Recent adjoint calculations for isotropic electron environments include: comparative data for experimental measurements on electronics boxes; benchmark problem solutions for comparing total dose prediction methodologies; preliminary assessment of sectoring methods used during space system design; and total dose predictions on an electronics package. Adjoint Monte Carlo, forward Monte Carlo, and experiment are in excellent agreement for electron sources that simulate space environments. For electron space environments, adjoint Monte Carlo is clearly superior to forward Monte Carlo, requiring one to two orders of magnitude less computer time for relatively simple geometries. The solid-angle sectoring approximations used for routine design calculations can err by more than a factor of 2 on dose in simple shield geometries. For critical space systems exposed to severe electron environments, these potential sectoring errors demand the establishment of large design margins and/or verification of shield design by adjoint Monte Carlo/experiment

  13. Levantamento florístico de Bryopsida de cerrado e mata ripícola do Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Piauí, Brasil Bryopsida from the cerrado and gallery forest of the Sete Cidades National Park, in the State of Piauí, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nívea Maria Carneiro Farias Castro

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Foi realizado o levantamento florístico das Bryopsida dos ecossistemas de cerrado e de mata ripícola do Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades localizado nos municípios de Piracuruca e Brasileira (04º0515'S e 41º3045'W, Piauí, Brasil. Foram identificadas 22 espécies de musgos pertencentes às famílias: Bartramiaceae (1 sp., Bryaceae (2 sp., Calymperaceae (2 sp., Dicranaceae (3 sp., Erpodiaceae (1 sp., Fissidentaceae (6 sp., Hypnaceae (1 esp., Leucobryaceae (1 sp., Pottiaceae (2 sp., Sematophyllaceae (2 sp. e Stereophyllaceae (1 sp.. Constituem-se novas referências para o Brasil, Weisiopsis nigeriana (Egun. & Olar. Zand.; para o Nordeste, Campylopus heterostachys (Hampe Jaeg. e para o Estado do Piauí: Bryum capillare Hedw., Bryum cruegeri Hampe ex C.Müller, Philonotis uncinata (Schwaegr. Brid., Vesicularia vesicularis (Schwaegr. Broth., Sematophyllum subsimplex (Hedw. Mitt., Trichosteleum fluviale (Mitt. Jaeg., Hyophila involuta (Hook. Jaeg. & Sauerb., Calymperes palisotii Schwaegr. ssp. richardii (C.Müller S.Edwards, Fissidens guianensis Mont., Fissidens intermedius C.Müller, Fissidens prionodesMont., Fissidens goyazensis Broth. eFissidens zollingeri Mont. Aos táxons são indicadas referências de descrições, ilustração e distribuição geográfica.This study is a floristic survey of the Bryopsida from the "cerrado" and from the gallery forest of the Sete Cidades National Park in the municipalities Piracuruca and Brasileira, in the State of Piauí, Brazil (04º0515'S and 41º30-45'W. Twenty-two taxa were determined from the following families: Bartramiaceae (1 esp., Bryaceae (2 esp., Calymperaceae (2 esp., Dicranaceae (3 esp., Erpodiaceae (1 esp., Fissidentaceae (6 esp., Hypnaceae (1 esp., Leucobryaceae (1 esp., Pottiaceae (2 esp., Sematophyllaceae (2 esp. and Stereophyllaceae (1 esp.. Weisiopsis nigeriana (Egun. & Olar. Zand. is the first record of this species to Brazil, Campylopus heterostachys (Hampe Jaeg. is the first of this

  14. Monte Carlo: Basics

    OpenAIRE

    Murthy, K. P. N.

    2001-01-01

    An introduction to the basics of Monte Carlo is given. The topics covered include, sample space, events, probabilities, random variables, mean, variance, covariance, characteristic function, chebyshev inequality, law of large numbers, central limit theorem (stable distribution, Levy distribution), random numbers (generation and testing), random sampling techniques (inversion, rejection, sampling from a Gaussian, Metropolis sampling), analogue Monte Carlo and Importance sampling (exponential b...

  15. O IDRC no Brasil

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    sociais. Um destes pesquisadores finan- ciados pelo IDRC, Fernando Henrique. Cardoso, serviu o Brasil como ... Outorgado: Rede para a Pesquisa em. Sistemas e Serviços de ... e parcerias entre os setores público e privado. Maio de 2010.

  16. Evaluation of the scatter-to-primary ratio in mammography and performance of anti-scatter grids by Monte Carlo simulations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cunha, Diego M.; Tomal, Alessandra; Poletti, Martin E.

    2009-01-01

    In this work, a computational code was developed for the study of image quality in screen-film mammography through Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The code includes implementation of interference and energy broadening effects, for the elastic and inelastic scattered photons, respectively. The contribution of scattered photons to the mammographic image was evaluated through the ratio between the energy deposited in the image receptor by scattered and primary photons (S/P ratio). The spatial distribution of the S1P ratio on the receptor was obtained for breasts of different thickness, between 2 and 8cm, considering a 50% adipose-SO% glandular breast. Different tube voltages were evaluated, for a Mo/Mo anode-filter combination. The S/P ratio was a/so obtained considering two different grids: a linear grid (grid ratio of 5:1) and a cellular grid (grid ratio of 3.8:1). Grid performance was computed through the contrast improvement factor (CIF) and Bucky factor (BF). Results showed that the S/P ratio increases linearly with breast thickness, and, for a given thickness, it showed considerably spatial variations on the image receptor. On the other hand, little dependence of the S/P ratio on the tube voltage was observed. Grid comparison showed that the cellular grid has better performance than the linear one, since it provides a greater CIF, with smaller values of BF. (author)

  17. Myxomycetes de Florianópolis (Santa Catarina - Brasil Myxomycetes of Florianópolis (State of Santa Catarina - Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laise de Holanda Cavalcanti

    1994-07-01

    Full Text Available Considerando a inexistência de registros de ocorrência de Myxomycetes em Florianópolis, realizou- se coletas nas matas da Lagoa do Peri e Lagoa da Conceição, em 1990, assinalando-se as seguintes espécies : Lycogala exiguum Morg. (Enteridiaceae ; Cribraria languescem Rex, C. vulgaris Sclir. (Cribrariaceae ; Arcyria cinerea ( Bull. Pers. , Hemitrichia serpula ( Scop. Rost., H. calyculata ( Speg. Farr e Hemitrichia sp (Trichiaceae ; Stemonitis fusca Roth. e S. smithii Macbr. (Stemonitaceae. Exsicatas encontram-se depositadas no herbário UFP. Lycogala exiguum é assinalada pela primeira vez para Santa Catarina, Cribraria languescens para a região Sul e Cribraria vulgaris para o Brasil. O levantamento eleva para 47 o número de espécies referidas para o Estado de Santa Catarina. Fornece-se um histórico do estudo deste qrupo de organismos em Santa Catarina bem como a área de ocorrência de cada espécie no Estado e nas diferentes regiões do Brasil.A survey on Myxomycetes was made in the woods of Lagoa do Peri and Lagoa da Conceição in 1990, considering the absence of reports of this kind for the city of Florianópolis, when the following species were registered: Lycogala exiguum Morg. (Enteridiaceae; Cribraria languescem Rex, C. vulgaris Schr. (Cribrariaceae; Arcyria cinerea (Bull. Pers. Hemitrichia serpula (Scop. Rost., H. calyculata (Speg. Fair and Hemitrichia sp (Trichiaceae; Stemonitis fusca Roth, and S. smithii Macbr. (Stemonitaceae. Exicates are deposited at the herbarium UFP. Lycogala exiguum is noted for the first time in the state of Santa Catarina, Cribraria languescem in the South and Cribraria vulgaris in Brazil. The survey raises up the number of registers refered to the state of Santa Catarina to 47 species. A review of the studies on this group of organisms in Santa Catarina is given as well as the area where each species occur in this state and in different regions of Brazil.

  18. MORSE Monte Carlo code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cramer, S.N.

    1984-01-01

    The MORSE code is a large general-use multigroup Monte Carlo code system. Although no claims can be made regarding its superiority in either theoretical details or Monte Carlo techniques, MORSE has been, since its inception at ORNL in the late 1960s, the most widely used Monte Carlo radiation transport code. The principal reason for this popularity is that MORSE is relatively easy to use, independent of any installation or distribution center, and it can be easily customized to fit almost any specific need. Features of the MORSE code are described

  19. Composição de Heteroptera aquáticos e semi-aquáticos na área de abrangência da U.H.E. Dona Francisca, RS, Brasil: fase de pré-enchimento Composition of aquatic and semi-aquatic Heteroptera at the Hydroelectric Power Station of Dona Francisca region, RS, Brazil: before dam construction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Damaris B. Neri

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available Neste estudo, foi analisada a composição dos Heteroptera do curso médio da bacia do rio Jacuí, RS, Brasil, previamente à construção da U.H.E. Dona Francisca, bem como alguns fatores abióticos que poderiam afetar a distribuição e a abundância destes organismos. Nos ambientes lênticos, amostragens quantitativas foram realizadas utilizando-se peneiras, em seis localidades (janeiro 2000. Nos ambientes lóticos, as coletas foram feitas através de amostrador de Surber (de maio a outubro de 2000, privilegiando-se a captura de espécies tipicamente bentônicas. Em cada estação, pH, oxigênio dissolvido, precipitação mensal, temperatura do ar e da água e profundidade foram medidos. Nos rios e riachos, a velocidade da corrente também foi registrada. Quinze espécies foram registradas nos ambientes lênticos, sendo Belostoma sp. e Notonecta sp. as dominantes (70%. A abundância, a riqueza e os índices de diversidade foram mais altos nos locais com maiores dimensões. Nos ambientes lóticos, foram assinaladas duas espécies de Naucoridae, Ambrysus teutonius La Rivers, 1951 e Cryphocricus vianai De Carlo, 1951, sendo a primeira dominante (65%. A abundância foi maior nos pontos com maior sombreamento, presença de árvores e/ou com detritos vegetais, ou com a macrófita Podostemum sp. (Podostemaceae no fundo, e mais baixa em locais com curso semi-regulado. Possivelmente, fatores como temperatura e precipitação acumulada estejam relacionados com a abundância mensal dos Naucoridae. Os resultados deste estudo servirão de subsídio para futuros estudos de impacto ambiental após o enchimento do reservatório da U.H.E. Dona Francisca.The Heteroptera composition in the middle course of the Jacuí River basin, RS, Brazil, and some abiotic factors that might affect their distribution and abundance were studied previously to the Dona Francisca dam construction. The insects were quantitatively sampled in six sites, in lentic environments, with

  20. El IDRC en Brasil

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    en 1985, el IDRC ayudó a intelectuales de ideas democráticas ... más sostenible. □ los países ... CENTRO INTERNACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES PARA EL DESARROLLO. El IDRC en Brasil ... a las personas y al medio ambiente. Investi-.

  1. INTERAKSI ANTARA Trichoderma Harzianum, Penicillium SP. DAN Pseudomonas SP. SERTA KAPASITAS ANTAGONISMENYA TERHADAP Phytophthora CapsicilN VITRO*[Interaction Among Trichoderma Harzianum, Penicillium SP., Pseudomonas SP. and Antagonism Capacities Against Phy

    OpenAIRE

    Suharna, Nandang

    2003-01-01

    A preliminary study has been done to know antagonism capacities of three isolates of Trichoderma harzianum, two isolates of Penicillium sp.and one isolate of Pseudomonas sp.against Phytophthora capsici in vitro and interaction among those six antagonists.The highest antagonism capacity possessed by Penicillium sp. KN1, respectively followed by Penicillium sp.KN2,Pseudomonas sp. GH1 and the three T. harzianum isolates. Except for those three T. harzianum isolates, the two Penicillium sp.isolat...

  2. A new cluster-brood building species of Plebeia (Hymenoptera, Apidae from eastern Brazil Uma nova espécie de Plebeia (Hymenoptera, Apidae do leste do Brasil, com células de cria em cacho

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel A. R. Melo

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available A new species of Plebeia, the second largest genus of stingless bees in the Neotropical region, is described from eastern Brazil. Plebeia grapiuna sp. nov., known only from the lowland forests of southern Bahia, is most similar to P. lucii Moure, a species recently described from Minas Gerais. The lack of yellow marks and the smoother integument of the frons and mesoscutum in P. grapiuna sp. nov. distinguish them. Main features of the nesting habits of the new species are described and illustrated.Uma nova espécie de Plebeia, o segundo maior gênero de meliponíneos na região Neotropical, é descrita do leste do Brasil. Plebeia grapiuna sp. nov., conhecida apenas das florestas de terras baixas do sul da Bahia, é semelhante a P. lucii Moure, uma espécie recentemente descrita de Minas Gerais. A ausência de manchas amarelas e o integumento menos rugoso da fronte e do mesoscuto em P. grapiuna sp. nov. distinguem as duas espécies. Características principais do hábito de nidificação da nova espécie são descritas e ilustradas.

  3. Novas espécies de Prioninae e de Cerambycinae (Cerambycidae) da Região Neotropical

    OpenAIRE

    Galileo,Maria Helena M.; Martins,Ubirajara R.

    2010-01-01

    Novas espécies descritas: Hovorelus adiectus sp. nov. (Anacolini) da Costa Rica; Stenoeme aguilari sp. nov. do Paraguai e Placoeme wappesi sp. nov. da Bolívia (Oemini); da Bahia, Brasil: Coeloxestia spinosa sp. nov. (Cerambycini, Sphallotrichina); Stizocera debilis sp. nov., Anelaphus bravoi sp. nov. (Elaphidionini) e Chydarteres formosus sp. nov. (Trachyderini).

  4. Differences in nutrient uptake capacity of the benthic filamentous algae Cladophora sp., Klebsormidium sp. and Pseudanabaena sp. under varying N/P conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Junzhuo; Vyverman, Wim

    2015-03-01

    The N/P ratio of wastewater can vary greatly and directly affect algal growth and nutrient removal process. Three benthic filamentous algae species Cladophora sp., Klebsormidium sp. and Pseudanabaena sp. were isolated from a periphyton bioreactor and cultured under laboratory conditions on varying N/P ratios to determine their ability to remove nitrate and phosphorus. The N/P ratio significantly influenced the algal growth and phosphorus uptake process. Appropriate N/P ratios for nitrogen and phosphorus removal were 5-15, 7-10 and 7-20 for Cladophora sp., Klebsormidium sp. and Pseudanabaena sp., respectively. Within these respective ranges, Cladophora sp. had the highest biomass production, while Pseudanabaena sp. had the highest nitrogen and phosphorus contents. This study indicated that Cladophora sp. had a high capacity of removing phosphorus from wastewaters of low N/P ratio, and Pseudanabaena sp. was highly suitable for removing nitrogen from wastewaters with high N/P ratio. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. Radiological accident with Iodine-131 in the Radioisotope Division at IPEN-CNEN/SP (Brazil); Acidente radiologico com iodo-131 nas instalacoes da Divisao de Radioisotopos do IPEN-CNEN/SP (Brasil)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sanches, Matias Puga; Rodrigues, Demerval Leonidas [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

    1997-12-31

    The accident occurred in the first week of May 1995, in the Radioisotope Division-TPI, involving two tubes containing a total volume of 3 ml, aqueous solution of N Al{sup 1}31, with 370 MBq and 1480 MBq activity is reported. Part of installation and six workers involved in the distribution process were contaminated with {sup 131} I, but there were no contamination outside the building. The workers were decontaminated and the received radiation doses were evaluated by the Radiotoxicological Laboratory of IPEN-CNEN/SP together with IRD-CNEN/RJ. The building involved was closed and the activities stopped until the complete decontamination by the Radioprotection experts of IPEN-CNEN/SP. (author) 2 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.; e-mail: msanches at net.ipen.br; dirodri at net.ipen.br

  6. A produção de vacinas é estratégica para o Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Risi Júnior João Baptista

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available A produção de imunobiológicos deveria ser assumida pelo governo federal como atividade estratégica para o país e tratada em plano diretor que instituísse mecanismos para assegurar competitividade aos laboratórios nacionais. É o que sustenta, nesta entrevista, o médico João Baptista Risi Júnior, uma das maiores autoridades em epidemiologia do Brasil. Fluminense de Niterói, Risi Júnior é um vasto arquivo humano da história da imunização brasileira. Com as credenciais de quem coordenou a Campanha de Erradicação da Varíola no estado do Rio de Janeiro (de 1968 a 1970, chefiou o Setor de Epidemiologia da Fundação SESP (de 1974 a 1979, foi secretário nacional de Ações Básicas de Saúde (de 1980 a 1988 e por duas vezes secretário nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (em 1992 e 1999, ele se recusa a situar em campos opostos a estratégia dos dias nacionais de vacinação e a defesa dos serviços permanentes de atenção integral, universal e descentralizada de saúde. O atual representante no Brasil da Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde (OPAS preconiza o uso de todos os recursos possíveis e a convivência da gestão centralizada, necessária à padronização do Brasil continental, com a ação local, descentralizada, prioridade do Sistema ùnico de Saúde (SUS. Neste depoimento concedido a Carlos Fidélis Ponte, ele também não poupou críticas à instabilidade institucional e à descontinuidade administrativa, pelo desperdício de experiências históricas que, consideradas no presente, ajudariam a reduzir os erros e a multiplicar os acertos no serviço público de atendimento integral à saúde. Erros e acertos que, no encontro de contas, põem em jogo vidas humanas.

  7. Uso medicinal do óleo de copaíba (Copaifera sp. por pessoas da melhor idade no município de Presidente Médici, Rondônia, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Santina Rodrigues Santana

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available O Brasil é o maior produtor do óleo extraído da Copaifera sp. (Caesalpiniaceae, uma das plantas medicinais mais estudadas do mundo, encontrada principalmente na região amazônica. Uma abordagem etnobotânica sobre plantas medicinais pode facilitar a seleção de espécies potencialmente ativas e utilizadas pela população de determinada região, abrindo portas para o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos, aos quais poderão ter acesso um maior número de pessoas. Desta forma, neste trabalho foi caracterizado o uso medicinal do óleo de copaíba junto à população da melhor idade do município de Presidente Médici, Estado de Rondônia, na Amazônia brasileira, já que faltam dados quanto ao emprego dessa planta com tal finalidade nessa região. As informações etnobotânicas foram obtidas através de entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a 27 pessoas, utilizando a técnica "bola de neve" para incluir participantes. As indicações etnofarmacológicas levantadas quanto ao óleo foram: tratamento de infeções (63%; cicatrizante (48%; antitetânico (18.5% e antitumoral (11%. O chá da casca do caule foi recomendado por 11% dos entrevistados para lavagem de ferimentos e como depurativo sanguíneo. Portanto, esta planta é muito usada entre pessoas da melhor idade daquele município por seu caráter medicinal, chamando a atenção para a necessidade de estudos que confirmem cientificamente sua eficácia terapêutica

  8. Physical activity in Brazil: lessons from ELSA-Brasil. Narrative review

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco José Gondim Pitanga

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil was conducted among civil servants at six higher education institutions located in six Brazilian state capitals. The objective of this review was to identify the publications produced within the scope of ELSA-Brasil that analyzed the participants’ physical activity. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review study using baseline data from ELSA-Brasil. METHODS: Narrative review of Brazilian studies on physical activity produced using data from ELSA-Brasil participants. RESULTS: The prevalence of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA among ELSA-Brasil participants was low (44.1% among men and 33.8% among women. The main factors associated were social (higher schooling and family income, environmental (living in places with conditions and opportunities for physical activity and individual (not being obese, being retired, not smoking and positive perception of body image. The perception of facilities for walking in the neighborhood was positively associated with both LTPA and commuting-related physical activity. An active lifestyle was a protective factor against several cardiometa-bolic variables (hypertension, diabetes, lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular risk over the next 10 years. Comparison between LTPA and commuting-related physical activity showed that only LTPA had a protective effect against arterial hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of physical activity among ELSA-Brasil participants was low. The main determinants were social, environmental and personal. LTPA had a greater protective efect on cardio-metabolic outcomes than did commuting-related physical activity.

  9. Monte Carlo theory and practice

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    James, F.

    1987-01-01

    Historically, the first large-scale calculations to make use of the Monte Carlo method were studies of neutron scattering and absorption, random processes for which it is quite natural to employ random numbers. Such calculations, a subset of Monte Carlo calculations, are known as direct simulation, since the 'hypothetical population' of the narrower definition above corresponds directly to the real population being studied. The Monte Carlo method may be applied wherever it is possible to establish equivalence between the desired result and the expected behaviour of a stochastic system. The problem to be solved may already be of a probabilistic or statistical nature, in which case its Monte Carlo formulation will usually be a straightforward simulation, or it may be of a deterministic or analytic nature, in which case an appropriate Monte Carlo formulation may require some imagination and may appear contrived or artificial. In any case, the suitability of the method chosen will depend on its mathematical properties and not on its superficial resemblance to the problem to be solved. The authors show how Monte Carlo techniques may be compared with other methods of solution of the same physical problem

  10. Cubozoa e Scyphozoa (Cnidaria: Medusozoa de águas costeiras do Brasil Cubozoa and Scyphozoa (Cnidaria: Medusozoa from Brazilian coastal waters

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André C. Morandini

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available As espécies de Cubozoa e Scyphozoa costeiras que ocorrem no Brasil são descritas, com base em espécimes de coleções de museus e exemplares recém-coletados. Chaves de identificação e um glossário também são apresentados. As espécies descritas são: Aurelia sp.; Cassiopea xamachana Bigelow, 1892; Chiropsalmus quadrumanus (Müller, 1859; Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829; Drymonema dalmatinum Haeckel, 1880; Linuche unguiculata (Swartz, 1788; Lychnorhiza lucerna Haeckel, 1880; Nausithoe aurea Silveira & Morandini, 1997; Phyllorhiza punctata von Lendenfeld, 1884; Stomolophus meleagris Agassiz, 1862; Tamoya haplonema Müller, 1859 e Tripedalia cystophora Conant, 1897.Coastal species of Cubozoa and Scyphozoa occurring in Brazil are described, based on museum specimens and recently collected ones. Identification keys and a glossary are also presented. The listed species are: Aurelia sp.; Cassiopea xamachana Bigelow, 1892; Chiropsalmus quadrumanus (Müller, 1859; Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829; Drymonema dalmatinum Haeckel, 1880; Linuche unguiculata (Swartz, 1788; Lychnorhiza lucerna Haeckel, 1880; Nausithoe aurea Silveira & Morandini, 1997; Phyllorhiza punctata von Lendenfeld, 1884; Stomolophus meleagris Agassiz, 1862; Tamoya haplonema Müller, 1859; and Tripedalia cystophora Conant, 1897.

  11. First report of Anisakis sp. in Epinephelus sp. in East Indonesia

    OpenAIRE

    Annytha Ina Rohi Detha; Diana Agustiani Wuri; Julianty Almet; Yuni Riwu; Christin Melky

    2018-01-01

    Objective: The present research was conducted to identify the prevalence of Anisakis sp. as fish-borne zoonoses in Epinephelus sp. in territorial waters of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Materials and methods: A total of 50 fish (Epinephelus sp.) were collected from Kupang Fish Market in East Nusa Tenggara. Identification of Anisakis sp. was performed based on morphological observations considering shape of ventriculus, boring tooth, and mucron using binocular microscope. Results: Prev...

  12. Monte Carlo Methods in Physics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Santoso, B.

    1997-01-01

    Method of Monte Carlo integration is reviewed briefly and some of its applications in physics are explained. A numerical experiment on random generators used in the monte Carlo techniques is carried out to show the behavior of the randomness of various methods in generating them. To account for the weight function involved in the Monte Carlo, the metropolis method is used. From the results of the experiment, one can see that there is no regular patterns of the numbers generated, showing that the program generators are reasonably good, while the experimental results, shows a statistical distribution obeying statistical distribution law. Further some applications of the Monte Carlo methods in physics are given. The choice of physical problems are such that the models have available solutions either in exact or approximate values, in which comparisons can be mode, with the calculations using the Monte Carlo method. Comparison show that for the models to be considered, good agreement have been obtained

  13. Monte Carlo techniques in radiation therapy

    CERN Document Server

    Verhaegen, Frank

    2013-01-01

    Modern cancer treatment relies on Monte Carlo simulations to help radiotherapists and clinical physicists better understand and compute radiation dose from imaging devices as well as exploit four-dimensional imaging data. With Monte Carlo-based treatment planning tools now available from commercial vendors, a complete transition to Monte Carlo-based dose calculation methods in radiotherapy could likely take place in the next decade. Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy explores the use of Monte Carlo methods for modeling various features of internal and external radiation sources, including light ion beams. The book-the first of its kind-addresses applications of the Monte Carlo particle transport simulation technique in radiation therapy, mainly focusing on external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy. It presents the mathematical and technical aspects of the methods in particle transport simulations. The book also discusses the modeling of medical linacs and other irradiation devices; issues specific...

  14. Statistical implications in Monte Carlo depletions - 051

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhiwen, Xu; Rhodes, J.; Smith, K.

    2010-01-01

    As a result of steady advances of computer power, continuous-energy Monte Carlo depletion analysis is attracting considerable attention for reactor burnup calculations. The typical Monte Carlo analysis is set up as a combination of a Monte Carlo neutron transport solver and a fuel burnup solver. Note that the burnup solver is a deterministic module. The statistical errors in Monte Carlo solutions are introduced into nuclide number densities and propagated along fuel burnup. This paper is towards the understanding of the statistical implications in Monte Carlo depletions, including both statistical bias and statistical variations in depleted fuel number densities. The deterministic Studsvik lattice physics code, CASMO-5, is modified to model the Monte Carlo depletion. The statistical bias in depleted number densities is found to be negligible compared to its statistical variations, which, in turn, demonstrates the correctness of the Monte Carlo depletion method. Meanwhile, the statistical variation in number densities generally increases with burnup. Several possible ways of reducing the statistical errors are discussed: 1) to increase the number of individual Monte Carlo histories; 2) to increase the number of time steps; 3) to run additional independent Monte Carlo depletion cases. Finally, a new Monte Carlo depletion methodology, called the batch depletion method, is proposed, which consists of performing a set of independent Monte Carlo depletions and is thus capable of estimating the overall statistical errors including both the local statistical error and the propagated statistical error. (authors)

  15. Brasil y "América Latina" Brazil and "Latin America"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leslie Bethell

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Este ensayo, en parte historia de las ideas y en parte historia de las relaciones internacionales, examina la relación del Brasil con América Latina en perspectiva histórica. Durante más de un siglo, con posterioridad a la independencia, ni los intelectuales ni los gobiernos hispanoamericanos consideraron al Brasil como parte de "América latina". En cuanto a los intelectuales y los gobiernos brasileños, excepto por su relación con el Río de la Plata, sólo tenían ojos para Europa y, cada vez más después de 1889, los Estados Unidos. Cuando, en especial durante la Guerra Fría, los Estados Unidos, y por extensión el resto del mundo, comenzaron a tratar al Brasil como parte de América Latina, los gobiernos brasileños y los intelectuales brasileños, con la excepción de algunos de izquierda, seguían sin pensar al Brasil como parte integral de esta región. Desde el fin de la Guerra Fría, el Brasil ha comenzado a poner en práctica por primera vez una política de compromiso con sus vecinos en América del Sur.This essay, part history of ideas and part history of international relations, examines Brazil's relationship with Latin America in historical perspective. For more than a century after independence neither Spanish American intellectuals nor Spanish American governments considered Brazil part of 'America Latina'. For their part, Brazilian intellectuals and Brazilian governments, except for the Rio de la Plata, only had eyes for Europe and increasingly, after 1889, the United States. When, especially during the Cold War, the United States, and by extension the rest of the world, began to regard and treat Brazil as part of 'Latin America', Brazilian governments and Brazilian intellectuals, except some on the Left, still did not think of Brazil as an integral part of it. Since the end of the Cold War Brazil has for the first time pursued a policy of engagement with its neighbours -in South America.

  16. Heparinoides naturais isolados de rodofíceas (Halymenia sp. arribadas na costa cearense =Natural heparinoids isolated from Halymenia sp. (Rhodophyceaes delivery on the Ceará coast

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Ariévilo Gurgel Rodrigues

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available A crescente carência de heparina (HEP motiva a busca por fontes alternativas de novos anticoagulantes naturais. Objetivou-se avaliar a atividade anticoagulante dos polissacarídeos sulfatados (PS isolados de uma rodofícea do gênero Halymenia, nativa do litoral cearense, Brasil. Os PS totais foram obtidos por digestões consecutivas com papaína em tampão acetato de sódio 0,1 M (pH 5,0, contendo cisteína 5 mM e EDTA 5 mM, seguidas por cromatografia de troca iônica em coluna de DEAE-celulose. As frações obtidas foram concentradas por liofilização e submetidas à eletroforese em gel de agarose a 0,5%. Os ensaios anticoagulantes foram realizados pelo tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada (TTPA, usando-se plasma de coelho e uma curva padrão de HEP (100 UI mg-1. As extrações (53,96% mostraram diferenças marcantes durante o fracionamento e no grau de resolução dos PS. A espécie apresentou PS com atividade anticoagulante superior a HEP. O TTPA das frações modificou-se acentuadamente entre as extrações, expressando-se de maneira dose-dependente e sofrendo um acréscimo de 110,40 (1a extração para 143,10 UI mg-1 (3a extração. Os resultados sugerem que a atividadeanticoagulante dos PS isolados de Halymenia sp. foi promovida pela inibição da via intrínseca e/ou comum da cascata de coagulação. As modificações no TTPA possivelmente serão elucidadas pelos mecanismos de ação envolvidos na coagulação e caracterização estrutural desses compostos. Portanto, a rodofícea Halymenia sp. é uma boa fonte de heparinoides e sugerem-se estudos relacionados ao cultivo da espécie, em proteção aos bancos de algas.The increasing demand for heparin (HEP has led to a search for alternative sources of natural anticoagulants. This study aimed to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of sulfated polysaccharides (SP isolated from a Halymenia rhodophyceae genus native to the coast of Ceará, Brazil. Total SP were obtained by consecutive

  17. Paracoctidioidomicose: atendimento a nível de assistência primária a saúde The treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis at primary health level

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sérgio Pripas

    1988-06-01

    Full Text Available Discute-se o tratamento de pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose a nível de assistência primária a saúde. Foram tratados 8 pacientes no Centro de Saúde I, de São Carlos, SP (Brasil, empregando-se o cetoconazol, durante um ano, na dose de 400 mg diários, em uma única tomada. Em todos os pacientes tratados, houve remissão do quadro clínico e melhora dos exames laboratoriais. Não houve relato de efeitos colaterais. Conclui com proposta de tratamento da paracoccidioidomicose, a nível de rede básica de saúde.The treatment of paracoccidioidomycosis, with ketoconazole, at public health level is discussed. Eight patients were treated with single daily doses of 400 mg of ketoconazole for one year. The patients were treated at Health Center I in S. Carlos, Brazil. All patients treated showed clinical remission and an improvement in radiological findings. No side-effects were reported. The benefits of this treatment at Health Centers, under the administrative, social and economic aspects are stressed.

  18. Nova espécie de Dasineura Rondani, 1840 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae em capítulos de Hypochaeris chillensis (Kunth Britton (Asteraceae para o Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alessandre Pereira-Colavite

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Uma nova espécie de Dasineura Rondani, 1840 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae para o Brasil, Dasineura occulta sp. nov., é descrita associada a Hypochaeris chillensis (Kunth Britton (Asteraceae, uma espécie invasora e característica de ambientes antropizadas. Esta nova espécie foi encontrada ocupando capítulos e não há formação de galhas ou alterações no tecido das inflorescências que possam ser reconhecidas externamente. São apresentados desenhos de caracteres morfológicos de adultos (macho e fêmea, larva e pupa. Pranchas da ocupação do hospedeiro também são incluídas.

  19. Hybrid SN/Monte Carlo research and results

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Baker, R.S.

    1993-01-01

    The neutral particle transport equation is solved by a hybrid method that iteratively couples regions where deterministic (S N ) and stochastic (Monte Carlo) methods are applied. The Monte Carlo and S N regions are fully coupled in the sense that no assumption is made about geometrical separation or decoupling. The hybrid Monte Carlo/S N method provides a new means of solving problems involving both optically thick and optically thin regions that neither Monte Carlo nor S N is well suited for by themselves. The hybrid method has been successfully applied to realistic shielding problems. The vectorized Monte Carlo algorithm in the hybrid method has been ported to the massively parallel architecture of the Connection Machine. Comparisons of performance on a vector machine (Cray Y-MP) and the Connection Machine (CM-2) show that significant speedups are obtainable for vectorized Monte Carlo algorithms on massively parallel machines, even when realistic problems requiring variance reduction are considered. However, the architecture of the Connection Machine does place some limitations on the regime in which the Monte Carlo algorithm may be expected to perform well

  20. The subfamily Mendesellinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Brazil, with the description of six new species.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bortoni, Marco Aurélio; Souza-Gessner, Carolina DA Silva; Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria

    2016-11-29

    In this paper, we study the Mendesellinae wasps from Brazil deposited at Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil collection. Two new species of Epsilogaster (E. masoni sp. n. and E. whitfieldi sp. n.) and four new species of Mendesella (M. albipleura sp. n., M. itatiaia sp. n., M. japi sp. n., M. yamadai sp. n.) are described and illustrated.

  1. Análise proteômica de genótipos de porta-enxertos de videira inoculados com RFhizophagus irregularis e Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. herbemontis

    OpenAIRE

    Vilvert, Elisa

    2013-01-01

    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias. Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Florianópolis, 2013 O declínio e morte das videiras, causados pelo fungo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. herbemontis, é um dos principais problemas fitossanitários da viticultura no Sul do Brasil. A erradicação das plantas contaminadas é a principal forma de controle desta doença, por não haver controle químico eficiente. A inoculação com fungos ...

  2. Penicillium araracuarense sp. nov., Penicillium elleniae sp. nov., Penicillium penarojense sp. nov., Penicillium vanderhammenii sp. nov. and Penicillium wotroi sp. nov., isolated from leaf litter.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Houbraken, Jos; López-Quintero, Carlos A; Frisvad, Jens C; Boekhout, Teun; Theelen, Bart; Franco-Molano, Ana Esperanza; Samson, Robert A

    2011-06-01

    Several species of the genus Penicillium were isolated during a survey of the mycobiota of leaf litter and soil in Colombian Amazon forest. Five species, Penicillium penarojense sp. nov. (type strain CBS 113178(T) = IBT 23262(T)), Penicillium wotroi sp. nov. (type strain CBS 118171(T) = IBT 23253(T)), Penicillium araracuarense sp. nov. (type strain CBS 113149(T) = IBT 23247(T)), Penicillium elleniae sp. nov. (type strain CBS 118135(T) = IBT 23229(T)) and Penicillium vanderhammenii sp. nov. (type strain CBS 126216(T) = IBT 23203(T)) are described here as novel species. Their taxonomic novelty was determined using a polyphasic approach, combining phenotypic, molecular (ITS and partial β-tubulin sequences) and extrolite data. Phylogenetic analyses showed that each novel species formed a unique clade for both loci analysed and that they were most closely related to Penicillium simplicissimum, Penicillium janthinellum, Penicillium daleae and Penicillium brasilianum. An overview of the phylogeny of this taxonomically difficult group is presented, and 33 species are accepted. Each of the five novel species had a unique extrolite profile of known and uncharacterized metabolites and various compounds, such as penicillic acid, andrastin A, pulvilloric acid, paxillin, paspaline and janthitrem, were commonly produced by these phylogenetically related species. The novel species had a high growth rate on agar media, but could be distinguished from each other by several macro- and microscopical characteristics.

  3. Análise de custos operacionais e dos atrasos de aeronaves na Área Terminal São Paulo (TMA-SP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Erico Soriano Martins Santana

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available

    O artigo desenvolve uma avaliação comparativa do atraso de aeronaves em vôo na Área Terminal de São Paulo (TMA-SP, a região aérea mais congestionada no Brasil, e de seus impactos em termos de custos. Diferentes cenários de fluxo foram construídos e simulados. A avaliação econômica foi baseada no custo operacional médio de vôo na TMA-SP. A análise foi concentrada nas operações de vôo e de solo que tiveram origem ou destino nos aeroportos de Congonhas, Guarulhos ou Viracopos, os três aeroportos mais movimentados da TMA-SP. O software SIMMOD Plus 4.0! foi utilizado para simular as operações no espaço aéreo e no lado aéreo dos aeroportos. Cinco cenários operacionais foram analisados. Destes, dois cenários — um considerando a operação de uma terceira pista no Aeroporto de Guarulhos e o outro considerando a remoção de aeronaves lentas do Aeroporto de Congonhas —, resultaram considerável redução no congestionamento e atraso na TMA-SP. A partir desses resultados, três novos cenários admitindo 10%, 20% e 30% de transferência de demanda de Congonhas para Guarulhos foram construídos e analisados. Os cenários propostos reduziram o atraso nos procedimentos de chegada e de partida dos vôos, diminuindo o custo operacional das empresas aéreas assim como aumentando a capacidade do sistema TMA-SP.

  4. (U) Introduction to Monte Carlo Methods

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hungerford, Aimee L. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

    2017-03-20

    Monte Carlo methods are very valuable for representing solutions to particle transport problems. Here we describe a “cook book” approach to handling the terms in a transport equation using Monte Carlo methods. Focus is on the mechanics of a numerical Monte Carlo code, rather than the mathematical foundations of the method.

  5. Prevalence of Anemia in Children Three to 12 Months Old in a Health Service in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil La prevalencia de anemia en niños de 3 a 12 meses de vida en un servicio de salud de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil Prevalência de anemia em crianças de 3 a 12 meses de vida em um serviço de saúde de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Cristina Guerreiro dos Reis

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency among children. This cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study is part of a multicenter project, which verified the prevalence of anemia in children aged three to 12 months, treated by a health service unit in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Interviews with mothers and determining hemoglobin dosage were carried out with 121 children who participated in the study. Two international criteria were adopted as parameters of anemia according to the children's age. Descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency and associations were used for data analysis. The prevalence of anemia among 69 children aged three to 5 months was 20.2% and 48.0% among 52 children aged six to 12 months. The total prevalence of anemia was 32.2%. There was significant association between anemia and children's age, and anemia and the consumption of liquid cow's milk.Entre las carencias nutricionales de niños, la anemia ferropénica es la más frecuente. Estudio transversal, descriptivo, cuantitativo es un extracto de un proyecto multicéntrico que verificó la prevalencia de anemia en niños de 3 a 12 meses de edad, en un servicio de salud de Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. Fueron realizadas entrevistas y dosificación de hemoglobina en los 121 niños. Dos criterios internacionales fueron adoptados como parámetro de anemia, de acuerdo con la edad del niño. Estadística descriptiva, medidas de tendencia central y testes de asociación fueron usados para el análisis de datos. La prevalencia de anemia en los 69 niños de 3 a 5 meses fue del 20,2%, y en los 52 niños de 6 a 12 meses fue del 48,0%. En total, la prevalencia de anemia fue del 32,2%. Encontró asociación significativa entre anemia y edad del niño y anemia y el consumo de leche de vaca liquido.Das carências nutricionais entre crianças, a anemia ferropriva constitui-se no evento mais frequente. Este é um estudo transversal, descritivo

  6. Santificado a una judía comunista: la recomodación de la identidad brasileña en Olga (Monjardin, Brasil, 2004

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tzvi Tal

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available El éxito del film “Olga” en el público brasileño y las contrapuestas interpretaciones de la figura histórica de Olga Benario Prestes que su exhibición provocó, indican su relevancia en los procesos de la identidad brasileña actual. El artículo propone una lectura alegórica del texto cinematográfico, donde el vaciamiento ideológico y político del pasado de la militancia revolucionaria en un film producido por el complejo mediático Globo, representa el acomodamiento de la identidad brasileña ante la frustración de las expectativas históricas: la presidencia de “Lula” no pone en marcha un proyecto de justicia social alternativo al sistema neoliberal imperante.

  7. Carlo Caso (1940 - 2007)

    CERN Multimedia

    Leonardo Rossi

    Carlo Caso (1940 - 2007) Our friend and colleague Carlo Caso passed away on July 7th, after several months of courageous fight against cancer. Carlo spent most of his scientific career at CERN, taking an active part in the experimental programme of the laboratory. His long and fruitful involvement in particle physics started in the sixties, in the Genoa group led by G. Tomasini. He then made several experiments using the CERN liquid hydrogen bubble chambers -first the 2000HBC and later BEBC- to study various facets of the production and decay of meson and baryon resonances. He later made his own group and joined the NA27 Collaboration to exploit the EHS Spectrometer with a rapid cycling bubble chamber as vertex detector. Amongst their many achievements, they were the first to measure, with excellent precision, the lifetime of the charmed D mesons. At the start of the LEP era, Carlo and his group moved to the DELPHI experiment, participating in the construction and running of the HPC electromagnetic c...

  8. Maternal mortality due to hemorrhage in Brazil Mortalidad materna en Brasil debida a hemorragia Mortalidade materna por hemorragia no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria de Lourdes de Souza

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to analyze the rates of maternal mortality due to hemorrhage identified in Brazil from 1997 to 2009. Methods: the time series and population data from the Brazilian Health Ministry, Mortality Information System and Live Birth Information System were examined. From the Mortality Information System, we initially selected all reported deaths of women between 10 and 49 years old, which occurred from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2009 in Brazil, recorded as a "maternal death". RESULTS: during the research period, 22,281 maternal deaths were identified, among which 3,179 were due to hemorrhage, accounting for 14.26% of the total deaths. The highest rates of maternal mortality were found in the North and Northeast areas of Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: the Brazilian scenario shows regional inequalities regarding maternal mortality. It presents hemorrhaging as a symptom and not as a cause of death. OBJETIVO: analizar las tasas de mortalidad materna debida a hemorragia, identificadas en Brasil durante el periodo de 1997 a 2009. MÉTODOS: fueron examinados los datos de series temporales y de población del Ministerio de la Salud de Brasil, del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad y del Sistema de Información de Nacidos Vivos. Del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad, inicialmente seleccionamos todos los informes sobre muerte de mujeres con edad entre 10 y 49 años, que ocurrieron entre el 01 de enero de 1997 y el 31 de diciembre de 2009, en Brasil, clasificadas como "muertes maternas". RESULTADOS: durante el periodo de investigación, fueron identificadas 22.281 muertes maternas, entre las cuales 3.179 se debieron a hemorragia, siendo responsables por 14,26% del total de muertes. La tasa más alta de mortalidad materna fue encontrada en las regiones Norte y Noreste de Brasil. CONCLUSIONES: el escenario brasileño muestra desigualdades regionales en lo que se refiere a mortalidad materna; este presenta la hemorragia como un síntoma y no como la

  9. Estratégias de desenvolvimento do Brasil e da China

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira Júnior, Alcides Mário Amaral de

    2011-01-01

    Resumo: Este trabalho visa analisar as estratégias de desenvolvimento econômico de longo prazo, observando as experiências do Brasil e da China. O mundo era diferente três décadas atras. A economia do Brasil era maior do que a da China. Os anos de 1980 marcaram uma trajetória diferente entre estes dois países. A China cresceu nas últimas três décadas a taxas médias de 8% enquanto o Brasil ficou com uma média de 3% no mesmo período. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar quais os motivos d...

  10. Brasil y Argentina, 1990-2005

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Gabriela Zunino

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de analizar la mortalidad por armas de fuego en Brasil y Argentina entre 1990 y 2005, se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo utilizando datos oficiales de mortalidad de ambos países. Se analizaron número, proporción y tasas crudas y ajustadas para cada tipo de muerte (catalogadas según la CIE-9a y CIE-10a, el total por año y el promedio anual del período, sexo y edad. Los perfiles globales de los dos países presentaron tendencia creciente, pero Brasil mostró valores superiores de muertes y homicidios por armas de fuego en todo el período. A partir de los resultados se discute la hipótesis: el perfil de Brasil, particularmente el de homicidios por armas de fuego, es consecuencia no solo de la violencia social que responde a la persistentemente alta desigualdad y exclusión en que vive gran parte de la población, sino también al surgimiento, expansión y fortalecimiento de diversos grupos armados en ese país. El perfil argentino resultaría en parte del aumento de la violencia social también como respuesta al deterioro socioeconómico imperante, y por otra parte, sería consecuencia de la histórica monopolización de la violencia por parte del Estado

  11. Silicon-Based Optoelectronic Materials, Symposium Held in San Francisco, California on April 12-14, 1993. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 298

    Science.gov (United States)

    1993-12-14

    Pierre Basmaji and Sirgio C. Zilio Instituto de Ffsica e Quimica de Sio Carlos - USP Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970 - Sio Carlos, SP, Brazil "Vilnius...Ffsica e Quimica de Sko Carlos Departamento de Fisica e Ci~ncia dos Materiais Universidade de Sio Paulo, Caixa Postal 369 13560-970 Sio Carlos, SP

  12. A parallel Monte Carlo code for planar and SPECT imaging: implementation, verification and applications in (131)I SPECT.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dewaraja, Yuni K; Ljungberg, Michael; Majumdar, Amitava; Bose, Abhijit; Koral, Kenneth F

    2002-02-01

    This paper reports the implementation of the SIMIND Monte Carlo code on an IBM SP2 distributed memory parallel computer. Basic aspects of running Monte Carlo particle transport calculations on parallel architectures are described. Our parallelization is based on equally partitioning photons among the processors and uses the Message Passing Interface (MPI) library for interprocessor communication and the Scalable Parallel Random Number Generator (SPRNG) to generate uncorrelated random number streams. These parallelization techniques are also applicable to other distributed memory architectures. A linear increase in computing speed with the number of processors is demonstrated for up to 32 processors. This speed-up is especially significant in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) simulations involving higher energy photon emitters, where explicit modeling of the phantom and collimator is required. For (131)I, the accuracy of the parallel code is demonstrated by comparing simulated and experimental SPECT images from a heart/thorax phantom. Clinically realistic SPECT simulations using the voxel-man phantom are carried out to assess scatter and attenuation correction.

  13. Lectures on Monte Carlo methods

    CERN Document Server

    Madras, Neal

    2001-01-01

    Monte Carlo methods form an experimental branch of mathematics that employs simulations driven by random number generators. These methods are often used when others fail, since they are much less sensitive to the "curse of dimensionality", which plagues deterministic methods in problems with a large number of variables. Monte Carlo methods are used in many fields: mathematics, statistics, physics, chemistry, finance, computer science, and biology, for instance. This book is an introduction to Monte Carlo methods for anyone who would like to use these methods to study various kinds of mathemati

  14. ALGUNOS HONGOS MELIOLÁCEOS DEL ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO-BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sergio Miguel Vélez Zambrano

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available La investigación tuvo como propósito identificar y describir especies de Meliola (Meliolales/Ascomycetes/Ascomycota asociadas a plantas silvestres del Cerrado brasileño. Se analizaron muestras colectadas en la hacienda Pelicano del Parque Estatal Serra Ricardo Franco, situado en Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade en la frontera con Bolivia, y también en Barra do Garças, ambos sitios localizados en el Estado de Mato Grosso. A partir de la visualización de estructuras vegetativas y reproductivas de los hongos fueron montadas láminas de vidrio que contenían lactoglicerol y que fueron selladas con esmalte, para su posterior observación a través de microscopio estereoscópico y microscopio de luz. Se identificaron un total de 5 especies de Meliola, siendo estas M. alibertiae en Alibertia edulis, M. desmodii–laxiflori y M. stizolobii var. eriosematis en Desmodium spp., M. kernii en Casearia sp. Meliola voacangae en Aspidosperma nobile. Cada especie fue identificada basándose en la planta hospedera, morfología del ascoma, forma y dimensión de las ascosporas, ramificación de las hifas, distribución de los apresorios e hifopodios espermáticos en las hifas.

  15. Monte Carlo simulation in nuclear medicine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Morel, Ch.

    2007-01-01

    The Monte Carlo method allows for simulating random processes by using series of pseudo-random numbers. It became an important tool in nuclear medicine to assist in the design of new medical imaging devices, optimise their use and analyse their data. Presently, the sophistication of the simulation tools allows the introduction of Monte Carlo predictions in data correction and image reconstruction processes. The availability to simulate time dependent processes opens up new horizons for Monte Carlo simulation in nuclear medicine. In a near future, these developments will allow to tackle simultaneously imaging and dosimetry issues and soon, case system Monte Carlo simulations may become part of the nuclear medicine diagnostic process. This paper describes some Monte Carlo method basics and the sampling methods that were developed for it. It gives a referenced list of different simulation software used in nuclear medicine and enumerates some of their present and prospective applications. (author)

  16. Fatty acid composition of Spirulina sp., Chlorella sp. and Chaetoceros sp. microalgae and introduction as potential new sources to extinct omega 3 and omega 6

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Homan Gorjzdadeh

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Background: This study was carried out to determine the oil fatty acids from two special species of microalgae; Spirulina sp.,Chlorella sp. and also Chaetoceros sp. collected from Bahmanshir River. Materials and Methods: Sampling of microalgae Chaetoceros sp. from Bahmanshir River was under taken using bottle samplers during spring season of 2013. Microalgae Spirulina sp. and Chlorella sp. were supplied from Shrimp Research Institute of Iran in Bushehr Province. Samples then were cultured under controlled laboratory conditions and mass culture for 100 liters was undertaken. Isolation of microalgae species from water of cultured media was carried out using filtration and centrifugation methods. The fatty acid compositions were determined by Gas – FID chromatography. Results: Results showed that regarding Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA obtained from purified culture of Chaetoceros sp., Spirulina sp. and Chlorella sp. the maximum amount of total fatty acids were belonged to palmitic acids (C16:0 with 15.21%, 30.1% and 25.17% of total fatty acids  respectively. Analysis of Mono Unsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA showed that in the Oleic acid was maximum amount of 34% in Spirulina sp. In addition the amount of MUFA in Chlorella sp. was 16.37% of total fatty acids. On the other hand the amount of palmeotic acid in purified culture of Chaetoceros sp. was 30.33% from total content of fatty acids. Analysis of Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA, Linoleic acid (C18:2 (Omega 6, revealed maximum percentage in Spirulina sp. with 18.8%. Results of Alpha linoleic acid (C18:3 (Omega3 analysis showed maximum amount of 9.66% in Chlorella sp. compared to other microalgae with lower omega 3 contents. Spirulina sp. contained maximum amount of Linoleic acid (C18:2 with 18.8% of total fatty acids. Therefore, Spirulina sp. can be considered as a rich source of omega 6 for the purpose of fatty acid extractions. The presence of PUFA in Chlorella sp. and Spirulina sp. was

  17. Phenacogaster apletostigma, nova espécie de peixe do Estado do Amapá, Brasil (Characiformes, Characidae Phenacogaster apletostigma, new species of fish from the Amapá State, Brazil (Characiformes, Characidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zilda Margarete S. de Lucena

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Phenacogaster apletostigma sp. nov. distingue-se por apresentar uma grande mancha umeral verticalmente alongada que se estende desde a linha lateral até quase o dorso do corpo e apresenta um prolongamento na porção ântero-dorsal. Tanto a forma quanto o tamanho da mancha não são encontrados em nenhuma outra espécie do gênero e é aqui considerada uma autapomorfia da espécie. Habita o sistema do rio Araguari, no Estado do Amapá, Brasil.Phenacogaster apletostigma sp. nov. is distinguished from all other species of the genus by the presence of a large and vertically elongate humeral blotch, extending from the lateral line to near the dorsum. Anterodorsal portion of humeral blotch with an anterior extension. The unique shape and size of the humeral blotch, not found in the remaining Phenacogaster species, is considered an autapomorphy of the new species. It is known from the River Araguari basin, Amapá State, Brazil.

  18. Potências emergentes na ordem de redes: o caso do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Flemes

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Na última década, mudanças e inovações foram introduzidas nas redes intergovernamentais de política externa. Novas potências como Brasil adquiriram um peso relativo devido ao seu novo status atuando como definidor de agendas, moderador e construtor de coalizões. Esse artigo examina a relevância de diferentes redes de política externa como o Fórum Índia-Brasil-África do Sul (IBAS e Brasil-África do Sul-Índia-China (BASIC para a política externa brasileira desde 2003.

  19. Full Length Research paper

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Marcos

    2012-08-21

    Aug 21, 2012 ... 1Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, CEP: 18601-060, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. 2Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Centro de Ciências Agrárias-CECA, Maceio, AL, Brasil. 3Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Departamento de Ciências Vegetais, Mossoró, RN, Brasil ...

  20. New Neotropical species of Prioninae and Cerambycinae (Cerambycidae)

    OpenAIRE

    GALILEO, Maria Helena M.; MARTINS, Ubirajara R.

    2010-01-01

    Novas espécies descritas: Hovorelus adiectus sp. nov. (Anacolini) da Costa Rica; Stenoeme aguilari sp. nov. do Paraguai e Placoeme wappesi sp. nov. da Bolívia (Oemini); da Bahia, Brasil: Coeloxestia spinosa sp. nov. (Cerambycini, Sphallotrichina); Stizocera debilis sp. nov., Anelaphus bravoi sp. nov. (Elaphidionini) e Chydarteres formosus sp. nov. (Trachyderini).New Neotropical species of Prioninae and Cerambycinae (Cerambycidae). New species described: Hovorelus adiectus sp. nov. (Anacolini)...

  1. Diversidade de Agaricales (Basidiomycota na Reserva Biológica Walter Egler, Amazonas, Brasil Diversity of Agaricales (Basidiomycota in the Reserva Biológica Walter Egler, Amazonas, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Helenires Queiroz de Souza

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo dos representantes da Ordem Agaricales Clements (Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycotina, ocorrentes na Reserva Biológica Walter Egler, situada na Estrada AM-010, Manaus-Itacoatiara, Km 64, Latitude 02° 43' S e Longitude 59° 47' W, Rio Preto da Eva, Amazonas. A área abrange 709 ha de floresta de terra firme primária. As coletas foram realizadas no período de dezembro de 2000 a junho de 2001 e seguiu-se a metodologia usual para identificação de Agaricales. Foram estudadas um total de 39 espécies, distribuídas em 13 gêneros e seis famílias: Polyporaceae: Pleurotus sp.; Hygrophoraceae: Hygrocybe cf. megistospora, Hygrocybe aff. miniceps, Hygrocybe occidentalis var. scarletina, e mais oito espécies de Hygrocybe indeterminadas; Tricholomataceae: Clitocybe sp., Hydropus sp.1 e Hydropus sp.2, Macrocystidia sp., Marasmiellus sp., Marasmius bellus, Marasmius haedinus var. haedinus,Marasmius cf. leoninus, Marasmius cf. mazatecus, Marasmius cf. ruber,Marasmius cf. setulosifolius, Marasmius tageticolor, Marasmius cf. variabiliceps var. variabiliceps, Marasmius sp.1, Marasmius sp.2, Marasmius sp.3 e Marasmius sp.4, Tricholoma sp.; Agaricaceae: Agaricus sp.1 e Agaricus sp.2, Lepiota sp., Cystoderma sp.; Entolomataceae: Entoloma cf. azureoviride, Entoloma cf. cystidiophorum, Entoloma strigosissima, Entoloma sp.; Russulaceae: Lactarius panuoides. Destas, Entoloma azureoviride, Hygrocybe miniceps, Lactarius panuoides, Marasmius cf. mazatecus, Marasmius cf. setulosifolius e Marasmius variabiliceps var. variabiliceps, provavelmente, estão sendo aqui citadas pela primeira vez, para o Brasil. Com exceção de Marasmius tageticolor, as demais espécies são citadas pela primeira vez, para a Reserva Egler. São fornecidas tabelas com a ocorrência das espécies de acordo com o gradiente topográfico (baixio, vertente, platô e seus respectivos habitats.A study of the order Agaricales Clements (Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycotina, occurring in

  2. A new species of Neosilba (Diptera, Lonchaeidae from Brazil Uma nova espécie de Neosilba (Diptera, Lonchaeidae do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro C. Strikis

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available A new species of Neosilba McAlpine, 1962, N. pradoi sp. nov., is described and illustrated. This new species was found in the south of Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, in the southeast (State of São Paulo and center west (State of Mato Grosso do Sul. It has been reared from fruits of guava (Psidium guajava, Myrtaceae, "araçá" (Psidium cattleyanum, Myrtaceae, "guabiroba" (Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Myrtaceae, Surinam cherry (Malpighia emarginata, Malpighiaceae, cherry (Prunus avium, Rosaceae, orange (Citrus sinensis, Rutaceae, "ingá" (Inga laurina, Fabaceae, "esporão-de-galo" (Celtis iguanae, Ulmaceae and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis, Passifloraceae.Uma nova espécie de Neosilba McAlpine, 1962, N. pradoi sp. nov., é descrita e ilustrada. Esta nova espécie foi encontrada no sul do Brasil (Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, no sudeste (Estado de São Paulo e na região centro-oeste (Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Foi obtida de frutos de goiaba (Psidium guajava, Myrtaceae, araçá (Psidium cattleyanum, Myrtaceae, guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Myrtaceae, acerola (Malpighia emarginata, Malpighiaceae, cereja (Prunus avium, Rosaceae, laranja (Citrus sinensis, Rutaceae, ingá (Inga laurina, Fabaceae, esporão-de-galo (Celtis iguanae, Ulmaceae e maracujá (Passiflora edulis, Passifloraceae.

  3. Avaliação de genótipos de Leucaena spp. nas condições edafoclimáticas de São Carlos, SP: I. caracterização fenotípica e avaliação agronômica Evaluation of Leucaena spp. genotypes in the edaphic and climatic conditions of São Carlos, SP: I. phenotypical characterization and agronomical evaluation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A.C.P. de A. Primavesi

    1994-04-01

    Full Text Available Para avaliar genótipos promissores de Leucaena spp., foi instalado experimento em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico, na área da EMBRAPA-CPPSE em São Carlos, situada a 22°01'S e 47°53'W, com altitude de 856 m e média de precipitação anual de 1502 mm. Foram testados os seguintes genótipos: Leucaena leucocephala cv. Texas 1074 (T1, L.leucocephala 29 A9 (T2, L.leucocephala 11 x L.diversifolia 25 (T3, L.leucocephala 11 x L.leucocephala 26 (T4, L.leucocephala 24-19/2-39 X L.diversifolia 26 (T5 e L.leucocephala cv. Cunningham (testemunha. Através das avaliações efetuadas durante o período de estabelecimento (15 meses, verificou-se que: a as plantas de L.leucocephala 24-19/2-39 x L.diversifolia 26 se mostraram mais ramificadas e com maior produção de sementes; b as plantas de L.leucocephala 11 x L.diversifolia 26 apresentaram a maior produção de matéria seca consumível; c os materiais apresentaram brotação após o corte, semelhante ou inferior à testemunha.To test promising genotypes of Leucaena spp., selected in a breeding program, an experiment was conducted in a distrofic Red-Yellow Latossol, at the experimental station of EMBRAPA/CPPSE, São Carlos,SP, located at 22°01' and 47°53'W, altitude of 856 m and with a mean annual precipitation of 1502 mm. The following genotypes were tested: L.leucocephala cv. Texas 1074 (T1, L.leucocephala 29 A9 (T2, L.leucocephala 11 x L.diversifolia 25 (T3, L.leucocephala 11 x L.diversifolia 26 (T4, L.leucocephala 24-19/2-39 x L.diversifolia 26 (T5 and L.leucocephala cv. Cunningham (control. Evaluations were performed during the establishment period (fifteen months and it was concluded that: a the plants of L.leucocephala 24-19/2-39 x L.diversifolia 26, with early flowering, were the most branched and presented the greatest seed yield; b the plants of L.leucocephala 11 x L.diversifolia 26, showed the greatest edible dry matter yield; c the genotypes presented similar or worse growth, than

  4. Didymocystis lamotheargumedoi n. sp. (Digenea:Didymozoidae a parasite of three species of scombrid fishes Didymocystis lamotheargumedoi n. sp. (Digenea:Didymozoidae parásito de tres especies de peces escómbridos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anna Kohn

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available Didymocystis lamotheargumedoi n. sp. is described from the operculum and palate of Thunnus atlanticus (Lesson, 1831, palate of Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788, and the operculum of Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758 caught on the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The new species is most similar to D. alalongae (Yamaguti, 1938, D. exiguus (Yamaguti, 1970, and D. oesophagicola (Yamaguti, 1970, based on the vitelline and ovarian branches lacking ramifications. It variously differs from these 3 species in the number of ovarian and vitelline branches, the length of the vitelline branches, egg size, body size and site within the host. Immature forms associated with adults are also described.Didymocystis lamotheargumedoi n. sp. se describe como parásito del opérculo y del paladar de Thunnus atlanticus (Lesson, 1831, del paladar de Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788 y del opérculo de Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758 capturados en la costa de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. La especie nueva es semejante a D. alalongae (Yamaguti, 1938, D. exiguus (Yamaguti, 1970 y D. oesophagicola (Yamaguti, 1970, por la ausencia de ramificaciones en las vitelógenas y en los ovarios. Estas 3 especies difieren en el número de ramificaciones de las vitelógenas y ovarios, en la longitud de ramificaciones de las vitelógenas, tamaño del cuerpo y sitio dentro del hospedador. Se describen también las formas inmaduras asociadas con sus respectivas formas adultas.

  5. Novas citações de Chytridiomycota e Oomycota para o Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), SP, Brasil New records of Chytridiomycota and Oomycota from the "Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI)", SP, Brazil

    OpenAIRE

    Carmen Lidia Amorim Pires-Zottarelli; Maristela Rocha

    2007-01-01

    Levantamento de fungos zoospóricos realizado em lagos artificiais do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), situado na cidade de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, resultou no isolamento de 41 táxons, sendo 36 identificados em nível específico. Vinte e três táxons pertencem ao Reino Fungi, filo Chytridiomycota, ordens Chytridiales, Monoblepharidales e Spizellomicetales e, 18 ao Reino Straminipila, filo Oomycota, ordens Saprolegniales e Peronosporales. Dentre os fungos isolados, 1...

  6. Eficiencia de pseudomonas sp, rhodopseudomonas sp, micrococcus sp y bacillus sp empleados como cultivos individuales y en consorcio, en la degradación de petróleo diesel ii

    OpenAIRE

    Otiniano García, Nélida Milly Esther

    2010-01-01

    In order to evaluate the efficiency of Pseudomonas sp, Rhodopseudomonas sp, Micrococcus sp, Bacillus sp, and the consortium formed by these four microorganisms in the diesel II petroleum degradation, it was worked in 5 bioreactors of aerated and shaken tank of 1.5 litters of capacity, with speed agitation of 120 rpm, and air flow of 0.5 vvm; in which were placed; 940 mL of Minimum Broth of Davies pH 7.0; 50 mL of diesel II petroleum as source of carbon and 10 mL of a suspension of approx...

  7. Advanced Multilevel Monte Carlo Methods

    KAUST Repository

    Jasra, Ajay

    2017-04-24

    This article reviews the application of advanced Monte Carlo techniques in the context of Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC). MLMC is a strategy employed to compute expectations which can be biased in some sense, for instance, by using the discretization of a associated probability law. The MLMC approach works with a hierarchy of biased approximations which become progressively more accurate and more expensive. Using a telescoping representation of the most accurate approximation, the method is able to reduce the computational cost for a given level of error versus i.i.d. sampling from this latter approximation. All of these ideas originated for cases where exact sampling from couples in the hierarchy is possible. This article considers the case where such exact sampling is not currently possible. We consider Markov chain Monte Carlo and sequential Monte Carlo methods which have been introduced in the literature and we describe different strategies which facilitate the application of MLMC within these methods.

  8. Advanced Multilevel Monte Carlo Methods

    KAUST Repository

    Jasra, Ajay; Law, Kody; Suciu, Carina

    2017-01-01

    This article reviews the application of advanced Monte Carlo techniques in the context of Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC). MLMC is a strategy employed to compute expectations which can be biased in some sense, for instance, by using the discretization of a associated probability law. The MLMC approach works with a hierarchy of biased approximations which become progressively more accurate and more expensive. Using a telescoping representation of the most accurate approximation, the method is able to reduce the computational cost for a given level of error versus i.i.d. sampling from this latter approximation. All of these ideas originated for cases where exact sampling from couples in the hierarchy is possible. This article considers the case where such exact sampling is not currently possible. We consider Markov chain Monte Carlo and sequential Monte Carlo methods which have been introduced in the literature and we describe different strategies which facilitate the application of MLMC within these methods.

  9. A new species of Temnocephala Blanchard (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida ectosymbiont on creeping water bugs, Cryphocricos granulosus De Carlo (Hemiptera, Naucoridae from southern Brazil Nova espécie de Temnocephala Blanchard (Platyhelminthes, Temnocephalida ectosimbionte sobre naucorídeos, Cryphocricos granulosus De Carlo (Hemiptera, Naucoridae da região Sul do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José F. R. Amato

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Temnocephala minutocirrus sp. nov., an ectosymbiont on Cryphocricos granulosus De Carlo, 1967, is described from the State of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. One hundred and nine naucorids were examined, of which 36 (33% were positive for this species of Temnocephala Blanchard, 1849. In one sample of 94 creeping water bugs, 49 (52% were 4th instar nymphs, 6% of which were infested; 45 (48% were adults, either brachypterous (40 with 18 males and 22 females or macropterous (5 with 1 male and 4 females, 67% of which were infested (29% males and 38% females. Temnocephalan eggs were found both ventrally and dorsally: fixed on coxae, trochanters, and along the sternum between fore middle, and hind pairs of legs; basal of the abdominal area; and on the scutellum, clavus, and hemelytra. Juvenile and adult temnocephalans were always devoid of body pigmentation, and were found living on the ventral body surface, preferably over the sternum, between the middle and hind pairs of legs. The most distinctive features of this new species are: 1 unusually short cirrus, slightly curved, with introvert corresponding to 37% of its total length; 2 dorsolateral 'excretory' syncytial epidermal plates, elliptic, with excretory pore relatively equatorial, closer to inner limit of each plate; 3 two pairs of large disc gland cells (paranephrocytes? located centrally, just ahead of testes; 4 testes relatively large, but unequal in size, anterior pair smaller, always in the same zone, those of the same side, partially superposed; and (5 vagina with weak muscular wall and without muscular sphincters.Temnocephala minutocirrus sp. nov., ectosimbionte sobre Cryphocricos granulosus De Carlo, 1967, é descrita para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Cento e nove naucorídeos foram examinados, dos quais 36 (33% estavam positivos para esta espécie do gênero Temnocephala Blanchard, 1849. Em uma amostra de 94 hemípteros, 49 (52% eram ninfas de 4º instar, das quais, 6% estavam

  10. Natural potential of erosion in the periurbane area of São Carlos - SP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fábio G. Pedro

    2004-07-01

    Full Text Available The population growth in urban areas is speeding up the opening of new land parceling, which due to the emergencial characteristics has been done without proper land use planning. This intensive and non-ordered antropic occupation of the urban perimeter is inducing serious erosion problems. To minimize environmental impacts of new antropic occupations is necessary to obtain information of the physical environment properties, mainly related to erosion risk factors. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE developed in the USA has been widely used for the American land use planning and allows determining areas with higher erosion risk in urban areas. The soil and climate (rain parameters joined to the topography, indicate the Natural Erosion Potential of the USLE, when the antropic influence is not taken into consideration. It was done a Natural Erosion Potential map of the urban perimeter of São Carlos city (Brazil, in the scale of 1:10,000 using IDRISI 32 GIS, aiming to indicate the higher risk areas to erosion. The map of Natural Erosion Potential (PNE allowed identifying that the lowest values of PNE occurred at the Northeast, of the studied region, where the land could be used for urban expansion. By the other hand it was found that at Southwest and Southeast the values of PNE, were high, indicating them to be areas not favorable to urban expansion due to higher erosion risk.

  11. Monte Carlo - Advances and Challenges

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brown, Forrest B.; Mosteller, Russell D.; Martin, William R.

    2008-01-01

    Abstract only, full text follows: With ever-faster computers and mature Monte Carlo production codes, there has been tremendous growth in the application of Monte Carlo methods to the analysis of reactor physics and reactor systems. In the past, Monte Carlo methods were used primarily for calculating k eff of a critical system. More recently, Monte Carlo methods have been increasingly used for determining reactor power distributions and many design parameters, such as β eff , l eff , τ, reactivity coefficients, Doppler defect, dominance ratio, etc. These advanced applications of Monte Carlo methods are now becoming common, not just feasible, but bring new challenges to both developers and users: Convergence of 3D power distributions must be assured; confidence interval bias must be eliminated; iterated fission probabilities are required, rather than single-generation probabilities; temperature effects including Doppler and feedback must be represented; isotopic depletion and fission product buildup must be modeled. This workshop focuses on recent advances in Monte Carlo methods and their application to reactor physics problems, and on the resulting challenges faced by code developers and users. The workshop is partly tutorial, partly a review of the current state-of-the-art, and partly a discussion of future work that is needed. It should benefit both novice and expert Monte Carlo developers and users. In each of the topic areas, we provide an overview of needs, perspective on past and current methods, a review of recent work, and discussion of further research and capabilities that are required. Electronic copies of all workshop presentations and material will be available. The workshop is structured as 2 morning and 2 afternoon segments: - Criticality Calculations I - convergence diagnostics, acceleration methods, confidence intervals, and the iterated fission probability, - Criticality Calculations II - reactor kinetics parameters, dominance ratio, temperature

  12. A new species of Aphanoblastella (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae parasitic on Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae from Southeastern Brazil = Nova espécie de Aphanoblastella (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae parasito de Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae do sudeste do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriano Reder de Carvalho

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available Aphanoblastella juizforense sp. nov. is described in the gills of the heptapterid fish Rhamdia quelen (Quoy et Gaimard, 1824 from the Paraibuna River, Juiz de Fora, Minasn Gerais State, Brazil. The new species can be separated from all congeners by the long coiledcopulatory organ with one counterclockwise ring; sinuous accessory piece and for the robust shape of the ventral bar.Aphanoblastella juizforense sp. nov. é descrita parasitando as brânquias de Rhamdia quelen (Quoy et Gaimard, 1824 do rio Paraibuna, Juiz de Fora, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A nova espécie podeser diferenciada de todas as outras espécies do gênero por apresentar o órgão copulatório alongado, em forma de espiral, em sentido anti-horário, com peça acessória sinuosa e pela constituição mais robusta da barra ventral.

  13. Copepod parasites of Curimatella lepidura (Characiformes, Curimatidae from the Três Marias Reservoir, Brazil Copépodes parasitos de Curimatella lepidura (Characiformes, Curimatidae do reservatório de Três Marias, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.C. Albuquerque

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available Copépodes ergasilídeos coletados nas brânquias de Curimatella lepidura do reservatório de Três Marias, alto rio São Francisco, Minas Gerais, Brasil e identificados como Miracetyma etimaruya e Ergasilus sp., constituem o primeiro registro de parasitos nesse peixe forrageiro e endêmico. A ocorrência foi independente do sexo e do tamanho dos peixes. A distribuição geográfica conhecida das espécies de Miracetyma Malta, 1993, restrita à bacia do rio Amazonas, é ampliada neste estudo para a bacia do rio São Francisco.

  14. Pengendalian Hayati Penyakit Layu Fusarium Pisang (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense dengan Trichoderma sp.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Albertus Sudirman

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this research was to study the inhibiting ability of Trichoderma sp. to control fusarium wilt of banana in greenhouse condition. The experiments consisted of the antagonism test between Trichoderma sp. and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc in vitro using dual culture method and glass house experiment which was arranged in 3×3 Factorial Complete Randomized Design. First factor of the latter experiment was the dose of Trichoderma sp. culture (0, 25, and 50 g per polybag, second factor was time of Trichoderma culture application (2 weeks before Foc inoculation, at same time with Foc inoculation and 2 weeks after Foc inoculation. Trichoderma sp. was cultured in mixed rice brand and chaff medium. The disease intensity was observed with scoring system of wilting leaves (0–4. The results showed that Trichoderma sp. was antagonistic against Foc in vitro and inhibited 86% of Foc colony development. Mechanism of antagonism between Trichoderma sp. and Foc was hyperparasitism. Trichoderma hyphae coiled around Foc hyphae. Lysis of Foc hyphae was occurred at the attached site of Trichoderma hyphae on Foc hyphae. Added banana seedling with Trichoderma sp. Culture reduced disease intensity of Fusarium wilt. Suggested dose of Trichoderma culture application in glass house was 25 g/polybag, given at the same time with Foc inoculation. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Trichoderma sp. untuk pengendalian penyakit layu fusarium pisang di rumah kaca. Penelitian meliputi pengujian daya hambat Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc in vitro dan kemampuan menekan intensitas penyakit di rumah kaca. Penelitian in vitro meliputi uji antagonisme dan mekanismenya yang dilakukan secara dual culture. Uji pengaruh Trichoderma sp. terhadap penyakit layu Fusarium dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah dosis biakan Trichoderma sp., dengan tiga aras (0, 25, 50 g/per bibit dalam polibag. Faktor kedua

  15. Parasitoses intestinais de indígenas da comunidade Mapuera (Oriximiná, Estado do Pará, Brasil: elevada prevalência de Blastocystis hominis e encontro de Cryptosporidium sp e Cyclospora cayetanensis Intestinal parasitosis in Indians of the Mapuera community (Oriximiná, State of Pará, Brazil: high prevalence of Blastocystis hominis and finding of Cryptosporidium sp and Cyclospora cayetanensis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaila Dias Borges

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Foi avaliada a ocorrência de parasitoses intestinais em indígenas da aldeia Mapuera (Oriximiná, Estado do Pará, Brasil. No contexto de apreciações congêneres, expressa contribuição para adequado conhecimento do assunto, significativo sob o ponto de vista médico-sanitário. O exame parasitológico das fezes, de 83 pessoas, realizado por meio de quatro métodos, pode ser considerado como dotado de razoável amplitude para estabelecer diagnósticos. Ocorreu encontro de cistos de protozoários e de ovos de helmintos de múltiplos tipos, até mesmo em expressivas porcentagens, merecendo destaque a muito freqüente presença de Blastocystis hominis (57,8%, como também o encontro de Cryptosporidium sp (3,6% e de Cyclospora cayetanensis (10,8%, comentado especificamente. O verificado demonstra que tais índios vivem em ambiente onde prevalecem más condições higiênicas, em especial, facilitador da disseminação de protozoários e helmintos pelo contato com o solo ou ingestão de água e alimentos contaminados.Occurrences of intestinal parasitosis in Indians of the Mapuera community (Oriximiná, State of Pará, Brazil were evaluated. Within the context of group assessment, this study makes a contribution towards adequate knowledge of this subject, which is significant from a medical-sanitary point of view. Parasitological examination of feces from 83 individuals, performed using four different methods, could be considered to have reasonable amplitude for establishing diagnoses. Protozoan cysts and helminth eggs of many types were found, even with significant percentages. The frequent presence of Blastocystis hominis (57.8%, along with findings of Cryptosporidium sp (3.6% and Cyclospora cayetanensis (10.8%, deserved highlighting with specific comments. The findings show that these Indians live in an environment in which poor hygiene conditions prevail. In particular, these facilitate the dissemination of protozoa and helminths through

  16. Novas espécies de Neocorini e Pteropliini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae da América do Sul New species of Neocorini and Pteropliini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae from South America

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Helena M. Galileo

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Novas espécies descritas em Neocorini: Marauna bucki sp. nov. (Brasil: Rio Grande do Sul e M. abati sp. nov. (Paraguai. Em Pteropliini:; Rhaphiptera boliviana sp. nov. e Ataxia cineracea sp. nov. (Bolívia: Santa Cruz.New species described in Neocorini: Marauna bucki sp. nov. (Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul and M. abati sp. nov. (Paraguai. In Pteropliini: Rhaphiptera boliviana sp. nov. and Ataxia cineracea sp. nov. (Bolivia: Santa Cruz.

  17. Telenovelas y culturas híbridas en Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thomas Tufte

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Las telenovelas han sido categorizadas como productos comerciales alienantes. Solo en los últimos años se les ha prestado una atención académica seria. Este trabajo, presenta los lados socialmente dinámicos y culturalmente expresivos de este género fascinante, en el Brasil contemporáneo. La literatura de cordel y la narrativa oral constituyen las matrices históricas fundamentales de la telenovela. La sociabilidad, la actividad colectiva y el entretenimiento son algunos de los denominadores comunes que se encuentran al analizar la función desempeñada por estas expresiones culturales populares en la historia brasileña. El rol mediador de las telenovelas en el Brasil actual es una extensión de viejas prácticas sociales y culturales. La forma de vivir con la televisión y las telenovelas, contribuye específicamente a reunirse, Hecho que influye en la constitución y desarrollo de las culturas híbridas que caracterizan a las masas urbanas de Latinoamérica.

  18. Fast sequential Monte Carlo methods for counting and optimization

    CERN Document Server

    Rubinstein, Reuven Y; Vaisman, Radislav

    2013-01-01

    A comprehensive account of the theory and application of Monte Carlo methods Based on years of research in efficient Monte Carlo methods for estimation of rare-event probabilities, counting problems, and combinatorial optimization, Fast Sequential Monte Carlo Methods for Counting and Optimization is a complete illustration of fast sequential Monte Carlo techniques. The book provides an accessible overview of current work in the field of Monte Carlo methods, specifically sequential Monte Carlo techniques, for solving abstract counting and optimization problems. Written by authorities in the

  19. SP140L, an Evolutionarily Recent Member of the SP100 Family, Is an Autoantigen in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario Saare

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The SP100 family members comprise a set of closely related genes on chromosome 2q37.1. The widely expressed SP100 and the leukocyte-specific proteins SP110 and SP140 have been associated with transcriptional regulation and various human diseases. Here, we have characterized the SP100 family member SP140L. The genome sequence analysis showed the formation of SP140L gene through rearrangements of the two neighboring genes, SP100 and SP140, during the evolution of higher primates. The SP140L expression is interferon-inducible with high transcript levels in B cells and other peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Subcellularly, SP140L colocalizes with SP100 and SP140 in nuclear structures that are devoid of SP110, PML, or p300 proteins. Similarly to SP100 and SP140 protein, we detected serum autoantibodies to SP140L in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis using luciferase immunoprecipitation system and immunoblotting assays. In conclusion, our results show that SP140L is phylogenetically recent member of SP100 proteins and acts as an autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis patients.

  20. Caminha, Meirelles, e Mauro : narrativas do (re) descobrimento do Brasil; decifrando as imagens do paraiso

    OpenAIRE

    Carolina Cavalcanti Bezerra

    2008-01-01

    Resumo: Essa dissertação tem como propositura uma nova leitura sobre o descobrimento do Brasil através das imagens/representações do Paraíso na Terra. A permanência dessa imagem no imaginário coletivo foi a base para o desenvolvimento dessa dissertação, partindo dos seguintes documentos: a Carta de Caminha sobre o descobrimento do Brasil (1500), o quadro A Primeira Missa no Brasil de Meirelles (1860/1) e O Descobrimento do Brasil (1937), filme de Humberto Mauro. A presente incursão pelas narr...

  1. The MC21 Monte Carlo Transport Code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sutton TM; Donovan TJ; Trumbull TH; Dobreff PS; Caro E; Griesheimer DP; Tyburski LJ; Carpenter DC; Joo H

    2007-01-01

    MC21 is a new Monte Carlo neutron and photon transport code currently under joint development at the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory and the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory. MC21 is the Monte Carlo transport kernel of the broader Common Monte Carlo Design Tool (CMCDT), which is also currently under development. The vision for CMCDT is to provide an automated, computer-aided modeling and post-processing environment integrated with a Monte Carlo solver that is optimized for reactor analysis. CMCDT represents a strategy to push the Monte Carlo method beyond its traditional role as a benchmarking tool or ''tool of last resort'' and into a dominant design role. This paper describes various aspects of the code, including the neutron physics and nuclear data treatments, the geometry representation, and the tally and depletion capabilities

  2. Monte Carlo Treatment Planning for Advanced Radiotherapy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Cronholm, Rickard

    This Ph.d. project describes the development of a workflow for Monte Carlo Treatment Planning for clinical radiotherapy plans. The workflow may be utilized to perform an independent dose verification of treatment plans. Modern radiotherapy treatment delivery is often conducted by dynamically...... modulating the intensity of the field during the irradiation. The workflow described has the potential to fully model the dynamic delivery, including gantry rotation during irradiation, of modern radiotherapy. Three corner stones of Monte Carlo Treatment Planning are identified: Building, commissioning...... and validation of a Monte Carlo model of a medical linear accelerator (i), converting a CT scan of a patient to a Monte Carlo compliant phantom (ii) and translating the treatment plan parameters (including beam energy, angles of incidence, collimator settings etc) to a Monte Carlo input file (iii). A protocol...

  3. Environmental conditions affecting exopolysaccharide production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus sp., and Ochrobactrum sp.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kiliç, Nur Koçberber; Dönmez, Gönül

    2008-06-15

    Three different chromium-resistant microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus sp., and Ochrobactrum sp.) were tested with regard to their EPS production at different pH levels, temperatures, Cr(VI) concentrations, and incubation periods. The optimum pH level was 7 for P. aeruginosa and Micrococcus sp., while it was 8 for Ochrobactrum sp. according to the highest EPS amount at 100 mg/L Cr(VI) concentration. The highest production of EPSs by the three bacteria was obtained under different environmental conditions. P. aeruginosa produced the highest EPS (863.3 mg/L) after incubation for 96 h on media with 50 mg/L Cr(VI) at 20 degrees C, Micrococcus sp. gave the highest yield (444.6 mg/L) after incubation for 72 h on media with 100 mg/L Cr(VI) at the same temperature, and Ochrobactrum sp. had the highest production (430.5 mg/L) on media with 150 mg/L Cr(VI) at 30 degrees C at the end of 48 h of incubation.

  4. Superhard sp2–sp3 hybrid carbon allotropes with tunable electronic properties

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meng Hu

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Four sp2–sp3 hybrid carbon allotropes are proposed on the basis of first principles calculations. These four carbon allotropes are energetically more favorable than graphite under suitable pressure conditions. They can be assembled from graphite through intralayer wrinkling and interlayer buckling, which is similar to the formation of diamond from graphite. For one of the sp2–sp3 hybrid carbon allotropes, mC24, the electron diffraction patterns match these of i-carbon, which is synthesized from shock-compressed graphite (H. Hirai and K. Kondo, Science, 1991, 253, 772. The allotropes exhibit tunable electronic characteristics from metallic to semiconductive with band gaps comparable to those of silicon allotropes. They are all superhard materials with Vickers hardness values comparable to that of cubic BN. The sp2–sp3 hybrid carbon allotroes are promising materials for photovoltaic electronic devices, and abrasive and grinding tools.

  5. Selective C(sp2)-C(sp) bond cleavage: the nitrogenation of alkynes to amides.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qin, Chong; Feng, Peng; Ou, Yang; Shen, Tao; Wang, Teng; Jiao, Ning

    2013-07-22

    Breakthrough: A novel catalyzed direct highly selective C(sp2)-C(sp) bond functionalization of alkynes to amides has been developed. Nitrogenation is achieved by the highly selective C(sp2)-C(sp) bond cleavage of aryl-substituted alkynes. The oxidant-free and mild conditions and wide substrate scope make this method very practical. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

  6. Escola médica e Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS: criação do curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP, Brasil (UFSCar sob perspectiva de docentes e estudantes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maristela Schiabel Adler

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available A Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar implantou seu curso de Medicina em 2006, com currículo baseado em competências e aprendizado prático integrado ao SUS. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma pesquisa com docentes e graduandos da Primeira Turma da Medicina-UFSCar, realizada por meio da metodologia da História Oral de Vida. As narrativas indicam que o currículo favoreceu o desenvolvimento de competências como: capacidade de busca, pensamento crítico-reflexivo e autogerenciamento do aprendizado, apesar de relatos sobre deficiências em infraestrutura. A prática integrada ao SUS, especialmente nas Unidades de Saúde da Família, aprimorou as dimensões intelectivas, relacionais e afetivas do cuidado, favorecendo a autonomia profissional.

  7. The Brazilian beef production chain has experienced an increase in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    ANA CAROLINA

    Heat tolerance of Nelore, Senepol x Nelore and Angus x Nelore heifers in the ... 4 Graduate student, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCAR) – São CarlosBrasil .... Globe Humidity-Index (BGHI) as comfort equation for dairy cows.

  8. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of nano-carbon particles with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Li, S.S.; Wu, B.J.; Deng, Q.Y. [Key Laboratory for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031 (China); Guo, Y.B. [The Third People' s Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan 610031 (China); Leng, Y.X., E-mail: yxleng@263.net [Key Laboratory for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031 (China); Huang, N. [Key Laboratory for Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031 (China)

    2017-06-01

    Graphitization occurs during the long-term service of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) modified artificial joint. Then, DLC wear debris, which are carbon particles with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios and sizes ranging from the nano- to micro-meter scale produced. In this paper, to promote the application of DLC coating for artificial joint modification, the cytotoxicity of DLC debris (nano-carbon particles, NCs) with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios was studied. The microstructure and physical characteristics of NCs with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Meanwhile, osteoblasts and macrophages were applied to characterize the cytotoxicity of the NCs. In vitro cytotoxicity assay results indicated that cells incubated with NCs of different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios had greater osteogenic capacity, and these particles caused a weaker immune response in comparison with CoCrMo particles. Taken together, the results indicated that NCs with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios presented a good cytocompatibility than CoCrMo particles. But no significant differences were observed among NCs with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios. The better cytocompatibility of NCs is mainly attributable to their surface charge. - Highlights: • NCs with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios have been successfully prepared by annealing treatment. • NCs with different sp{sup 2}/sp{sup 3} ratios show good osteogenic capacity and lower immune response. • The good cytocompatibility of NCs is mainly dependent on its surface charge.

  9. REBATIMENTOS EM NATAL, BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fábio Fonseca Figueiredo

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo presenta la gestión de los residuos sólidos en Brasil y sus implicaciones en la ciudad de Natal/ RN, analizando sus aspectos ambientales, económicos y sociales. El fracaso del programa oficial de recogi - da selectiva constatado en las bajas tasas de recuperación de materiales; la poca relevancia de la inclusión socioeconómica de los trabajadores que participan en el programa asistencialista oficial; la inexistencia de estrategias oficiales para que se disminuya la cantidad de residuos que se generan cada día y el aumento exagerado del gasto público, especialmente con el tratamiento de los residuos en el relleno sanitario, demues - tran que la gestión de residuos en Natal, que tiene como parámetro los dictámenes de la Política Brasileña para los Residuos Sólidos, tiene como objetivo el control de los residuos en la ciudad y la consolidación del modelo de tratamiento finalista de residuos mediante el envío de éstos al relleno sanitario.

  10. Extension of the GeN-Foam neutronic solver to SP3 analysis and application to the CROCUS experimental reactor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fiorina, Carlo; Hursin, Mathieu; Pautz, Andreas

    2017-01-01

    Highlights: • Development and verification of an SP 3 solver based on OpenFOAM. • Integration into the GeN-Foam multi-physics platform. • Application of the new GeN-Foam SP 3 solver to the CROCUS reactor. - Abstract: The Laboratory for Reactor Physics and Systems Behaviour at the PSI and at the EPFL has been developing since 2013 a multi-physics platform for coupled reactor analysis named GeN-Foam. The developed tool includes a solver for the eigenvalue and transient solution of multi-group neutron diffusion equations. Although frequently used in reactor analysis, the diffusion theory shows some limitations for core configurations involving strong anisotropies, which is the case for the CROCUS research reactor at the EPFL. The use of an SP 3 approximation to neutron transport can often lead to visible improvements in a code predictive capabilities, especially for one-directional anisotropies, with acceptable added computational cost vs diffusion. Following some modelling issues for the CROCUS reactor, and in order to improve the GeN-Foam modelling capabilities, the GeN-Foam diffusion solver has been extended to allow for SP 3 analyses. The present paper describes such extension and a preliminary verification using a mini-core PWR benchmark. The newly developed solver is then applied to the analysis of the CROCUS experimental reactor and results are compared to Monte Carlo calculations, as well as to the results of the diffusion solver.

  11. Xylanolytic enzyme systems in Arthrobacter sp MTCC 5214 and Lactobacillus sp.

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    Khandeparker, R.; Jalal, T.

    The production of extracellular xylanolytic enzymes such as xylanase, alfa-L-arabinofuranosidase (alfa-l-AFase), and acetyl xylan esterase (Axe) by marine Arthrobacter sp and Lactobacillus sp was investigated using different carbon sources Induction...

  12. Monte carlo simulation for soot dynamics

    KAUST Repository

    Zhou, Kun

    2012-01-01

    A new Monte Carlo method termed Comb-like frame Monte Carlo is developed to simulate the soot dynamics. Detailed stochastic error analysis is provided. Comb-like frame Monte Carlo is coupled with the gas phase solver Chemkin II to simulate soot formation in a 1-D premixed burner stabilized flame. The simulated soot number density, volume fraction, and particle size distribution all agree well with the measurement available in literature. The origin of the bimodal distribution of particle size distribution is revealed with quantitative proof.

  13. Isolation of Arcobacter spp from the milk of dairy cows in Brazil Isolamento de Arcobacter spp do leite de vacas leiteiras no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Celso Pianta

    2007-02-01

    Full Text Available Bacteriologic examinations were performed on 188 milk samples collected from cows from 11 farms for diagnosis of mastitis in three cities of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Among the common causes of mastitis, the most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Corynebacterium sp, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Bacteriologic examination of 32 milk samples from one farm didn't show bacteria known as common etiologic agent of mastitis. Six samples of Arcobacter spp typed by genotypic tests as Arcobacter cryaerophilus (five strains and Arcobacter butzleri (one strain were isolated from cows' milk of that farm. It is reported the isolation of Arcobacter species from the milk of cows in absence of clinical signs of mastitis. This is the first report of the detection of the microorganisms in the milk of dairy cows in Brazil. No previous reports are known from other countries.Foram realizados exames bacteriológicos em 188 amostras de leite colhidas de vacas de 11 propriedades leiteiras para diagnóstico de mastite, em três municípios no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Entre as causas comuns de mastite, os isolados mais freqüentes foram Staphylococcus aureus, seguido de Corynebacterium sp, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae e Streptococcus agalactiae. O exame bacteriológico realizado em 32 amostras de leite de vacas de uma propriedade não demonstrou a presença de bactérias conhecidas como causadoras de mastite. Foram isoladas do leite de vacas desta propriedade seis amostras de Arcobacter spp, classificadas por testes moleculares como Arcobacter cryaerophilus (cinco amostras e Arcobacter butzleri (uma amostra. É relatado o isolamento de espécies de Arcobacter do leite de vacas na ausência de sinais clínicos de mastite. Este é o primeiro relato da detecção dos microorganismos no leite de vacas leiteiras no Brasil.

  14. Equipe de trabalho

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel Gerber Hornink

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available   Equipe de Trabalho 2014 1. Equipe editorial Editor-Chefe Bayardo Bapstista Torres, Instituto de Química - USP, Brasil Eduardo Galembeck, Departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Biologia UNICAMP, Brasil   Editores Gabriel Gerber Hornink, Depto. Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade - Federal de Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Brasil Vera Maria Treis Trindade, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil   Corpo Editorial Adriana Cassina, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguai Angel Herráez, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología molecular, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Espanha André Amaral Gonçalves Bianco, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp, Brasil Denise Vaz de Macedo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Brasil Eneida de Paula, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Brasil Guilherme Andrade Marson, Instituto de Química - USP, Brasil Jose Antonio Martinez Oyanedel, Universidad de Concepción, Chile Josep Maria Fernández Novell, Dept. Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Universitat de Barcelona, Espanha Leila Maria Beltramini, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo - USP, Brasil Manuel João da Costa, Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Minho, Portugal Maria Lucia Bianconi, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ, Brasil María Noel Alvarez, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguai Miguel Ángel Medina Torres, Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Málaga, Espanha Nelma Regina Segnini Bossolan, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Brasil Paulo De Avila

  15. Sp6 and Sp8 Transcription Factors Control AER Formation and Dorsal-Ventral Patterning in Limb Development

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haro, Endika; Delgado, Irene; Junco, Marisa; Yamada, Yoshihiko; Mansouri, Ahmed; Oberg, Kerby C.; Ros, Marian A.

    2014-01-01

    The formation and maintenance of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is critical for the outgrowth and patterning of the vertebrate limb. The induction of the AER is a complex process that relies on integrated interactions among the Fgf, Wnt, and Bmp signaling pathways that operate within the ectoderm and between the ectoderm and the mesoderm of the early limb bud. The transcription factors Sp6 and Sp8 are expressed in the limb ectoderm and AER during limb development. Sp6 mutant mice display a mild syndactyly phenotype while Sp8 mutants exhibit severe limb truncations. Both mutants show defects in AER maturation and in dorsal-ventral patterning. To gain further insights into the role Sp6 and Sp8 play in limb development, we have produced mice lacking both Sp6 and Sp8 activity in the limb ectoderm. Remarkably, the elimination or significant reduction in Sp6;Sp8 gene dosage leads to tetra-amelia; initial budding occurs, but neither Fgf8 nor En1 are activated. Mutants bearing a single functional allele of Sp8 (Sp6−/−;Sp8+/−) exhibit a split-hand/foot malformation phenotype with double dorsal digit tips probably due to an irregular and immature AER that is not maintained in the center of the bud and on the abnormal expansion of Wnt7a expression to the ventral ectoderm. Our data are compatible with Sp6 and Sp8 working together and in a dose-dependent manner as indispensable mediators of Wnt/βcatenin and Bmp signaling in the limb ectoderm. We suggest that the function of these factors links proximal-distal and dorsal-ventral patterning. PMID:25166858

  16. Multilevel sequential Monte Carlo samplers

    KAUST Repository

    Beskos, Alexandros; Jasra, Ajay; Law, Kody; Tempone, Raul; Zhou, Yan

    2016-01-01

    In this article we consider the approximation of expectations w.r.t. probability distributions associated to the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs); this scenario appears routinely in Bayesian inverse problems. In practice, one often has to solve the associated PDE numerically, using, for instance finite element methods which depend on the step-size level . hL. In addition, the expectation cannot be computed analytically and one often resorts to Monte Carlo methods. In the context of this problem, it is known that the introduction of the multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method can reduce the amount of computational effort to estimate expectations, for a given level of error. This is achieved via a telescoping identity associated to a Monte Carlo approximation of a sequence of probability distributions with discretization levels . ∞>h0>h1⋯>hL. In many practical problems of interest, one cannot achieve an i.i.d. sampling of the associated sequence and a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) version of the MLMC method is introduced to deal with this problem. It is shown that under appropriate assumptions, the attractive property of a reduction of the amount of computational effort to estimate expectations, for a given level of error, can be maintained within the SMC context. That is, relative to exact sampling and Monte Carlo for the distribution at the finest level . hL. The approach is numerically illustrated on a Bayesian inverse problem. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

  17. Multilevel sequential Monte Carlo samplers

    KAUST Repository

    Beskos, Alexandros

    2016-08-29

    In this article we consider the approximation of expectations w.r.t. probability distributions associated to the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs); this scenario appears routinely in Bayesian inverse problems. In practice, one often has to solve the associated PDE numerically, using, for instance finite element methods which depend on the step-size level . hL. In addition, the expectation cannot be computed analytically and one often resorts to Monte Carlo methods. In the context of this problem, it is known that the introduction of the multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method can reduce the amount of computational effort to estimate expectations, for a given level of error. This is achieved via a telescoping identity associated to a Monte Carlo approximation of a sequence of probability distributions with discretization levels . ∞>h0>h1⋯>hL. In many practical problems of interest, one cannot achieve an i.i.d. sampling of the associated sequence and a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) version of the MLMC method is introduced to deal with this problem. It is shown that under appropriate assumptions, the attractive property of a reduction of the amount of computational effort to estimate expectations, for a given level of error, can be maintained within the SMC context. That is, relative to exact sampling and Monte Carlo for the distribution at the finest level . hL. The approach is numerically illustrated on a Bayesian inverse problem. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

  18. Statistical estimation Monte Carlo for unreliability evaluation of highly reliable system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xiao Gang; Su Guanghui; Jia Dounan; Li Tianduo

    2000-01-01

    Based on analog Monte Carlo simulation, statistical Monte Carlo methods for unreliable evaluation of highly reliable system are constructed, including direct statistical estimation Monte Carlo method and weighted statistical estimation Monte Carlo method. The basal element is given, and the statistical estimation Monte Carlo estimators are derived. Direct Monte Carlo simulation method, bounding-sampling method, forced transitions Monte Carlo method, direct statistical estimation Monte Carlo and weighted statistical estimation Monte Carlo are used to evaluate unreliability of a same system. By comparing, weighted statistical estimation Monte Carlo estimator has smallest variance, and has highest calculating efficiency

  19. Applications of Monte Carlo method in Medical Physics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Diez Rios, A.; Labajos, M.

    1989-01-01

    The basic ideas of Monte Carlo techniques are presented. Random numbers and their generation by congruential methods, which underlie Monte Carlo calculations are shown. Monte Carlo techniques to solve integrals are discussed. The evaluation of a simple monodimensional integral with a known answer, by means of two different Monte Carlo approaches are discussed. The basic principles to simualate on a computer photon histories reduce variance and the current applications in Medical Physics are commented. (Author)

  20. Guideline of Monte Carlo calculation. Neutron/gamma ray transport simulation by Monte Carlo method

    CERN Document Server

    2002-01-01

    This report condenses basic theories and advanced applications of neutron/gamma ray transport calculations in many fields of nuclear energy research. Chapters 1 through 5 treat historical progress of Monte Carlo methods, general issues of variance reduction technique, cross section libraries used in continuous energy Monte Carlo codes. In chapter 6, the following issues are discussed: fusion benchmark experiments, design of ITER, experiment analyses of fast critical assembly, core analyses of JMTR, simulation of pulsed neutron experiment, core analyses of HTTR, duct streaming calculations, bulk shielding calculations, neutron/gamma ray transport calculations of the Hiroshima atomic bomb. Chapters 8 and 9 treat function enhancements of MCNP and MVP codes, and a parallel processing of Monte Carlo calculation, respectively. An important references are attached at the end of this report.

  1. EVOLUÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM COMO DISCIPLINA DO CONHECIMENTO, NO BRASIL E PORTUGAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Débora Helena Iversen Sucigan

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Estudio exploratorio y descriptivo, con objetivo de comprender cómo los profesionales de enfermería de equipos de salud de la familia efectúan el acogimiento de pacientes de salud mental y sus sentimientos ante esto trabajo. Llevado a cabo en una unidad básica de salud de Campinas-SP, Brasil. Fueron reconocidas dos categorías: las diferencias entre acoger y encaminar; y conocer a sí y al otro: una posibilidad de acoger. La discusión de los hallazgos se basó principalmente en el referencial de Rogers y el acogimiento se caracterizó predominantemente como una forma de encaminamiento por los profesionales de enfermería. En contrapartida, se reconoció que, cuando el acogimiento fue exitoso y resolutivo, este profesional logró disponer de su habilidad empática, aunque desconociendo la empatía como método. Así, se percibe como realmente es volverse más auto-confiado y capaz de valorar la experiencia del paciente, cuando ocurre la mejora de esta relación y mayor producción en salud.

  2. Canal*Motoboy, São Paulo (Brasil: Comunicación para el cambio social

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alisson DIAS GOMES

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available En la actualidad, los medios de comunicación se contraponen a la propagación de los medios alternativos dirigidos a la democratización de informaciones generadas por ciudadanos comunes. El Canal*Motoboy constituye un ejemplo de esa modalidad de comunicación. Su propuesta es consolidar una estructura abierta para dar voz al colectivo de motoboys de São Paulo (SP en Brasil. Debidamente entrenados y recurriendo al teléfono móvil multimedia, registran su día-a-día en el website Canal*Motoboy. Este artículo analiza este proyecto, a partir de la concepción de la comunicación para el cambio social, una vez que el derecho a la libertad de expresión, históricamente, ha sido expropiado a los ciudadanos por cuenta de la expansión de los conglomerados comunicacionales. Además de la revisión de literatura, el objeto de estudio se ha abordado desde una perspectiva cualitativa a través de la técnica de observación y de entrevista en profundidad para las informaciones de actores del colectivo.

  3. Experience with the Monte Carlo Method

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hussein, E M.A. [Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B., (Canada)

    2007-06-15

    Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transport provides a powerful research and design tool that resembles in many aspects laboratory experiments. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations can provide an insight not attainable in the laboratory. However, the Monte Carlo method has its limitations, which if not taken into account can result in misleading conclusions. This paper will present the experience of this author, over almost three decades, in the use of the Monte Carlo method for a variety of applications. Examples will be shown on how the method was used to explore new ideas, as a parametric study and design optimization tool, and to analyze experimental data. The consequences of not accounting in detail for detector response and the scattering of radiation by surrounding structures are two of the examples that will be presented to demonstrate the pitfall of condensed.

  4. Experience with the Monte Carlo Method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hussein, E.M.A.

    2007-01-01

    Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transport provides a powerful research and design tool that resembles in many aspects laboratory experiments. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations can provide an insight not attainable in the laboratory. However, the Monte Carlo method has its limitations, which if not taken into account can result in misleading conclusions. This paper will present the experience of this author, over almost three decades, in the use of the Monte Carlo method for a variety of applications. Examples will be shown on how the method was used to explore new ideas, as a parametric study and design optimization tool, and to analyze experimental data. The consequences of not accounting in detail for detector response and the scattering of radiation by surrounding structures are two of the examples that will be presented to demonstrate the pitfall of condensed

  5. Monte Carlo alpha calculation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brockway, D.; Soran, P.; Whalen, P.

    1985-01-01

    A Monte Carlo algorithm to efficiently calculate static alpha eigenvalues, N = ne/sup ..cap alpha..t/, for supercritical systems has been developed and tested. A direct Monte Carlo approach to calculating a static alpha is to simply follow the buildup in time of neutrons in a supercritical system and evaluate the logarithmic derivative of the neutron population with respect to time. This procedure is expensive, and the solution is very noisy and almost useless for a system near critical. The modified approach is to convert the time-dependent problem to a static ..cap alpha../sup -/eigenvalue problem and regress ..cap alpha.. on solutions of a/sup -/ k/sup -/eigenvalue problem. In practice, this procedure is much more efficient than the direct calculation, and produces much more accurate results. Because the Monte Carlo codes are intrinsically three-dimensional and use elaborate continuous-energy cross sections, this technique is now used as a standard for evaluating other calculational techniques in odd geometries or with group cross sections.

  6. Monte Carlo simulations of neutron scattering instruments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aestrand, Per-Olof; Copenhagen Univ.; Lefmann, K.; Nielsen, K.

    2001-01-01

    A Monte Carlo simulation is an important computational tool used in many areas of science and engineering. The use of Monte Carlo techniques for simulating neutron scattering instruments is discussed. The basic ideas, techniques and approximations are presented. Since the construction of a neutron scattering instrument is very expensive, Monte Carlo software used for design of instruments have to be validated and tested extensively. The McStas software was designed with these aspects in mind and some of the basic principles of the McStas software will be discussed. Finally, some future prospects are discussed for using Monte Carlo simulations in optimizing neutron scattering experiments. (R.P.)

  7. Fresh Water Cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp. CCC728 and Arthrospira sp. CCC729 as an Anticancer Drug Resource

    OpenAIRE

    Srivastava, Akanksha; Tiwari, Ratnakar; Srivastava, Vikas; Singh, Tej Bali; Asthana, Ravi Kumar

    2015-01-01

    An increasing number of cancer patients worldwide, especially in third world countries, have raised concern to explore natural drug resources, such as the less explored fresh water filamentous cyanobacteria. Six strains of cyanobacteria (Phormidium sp. CCC727, Geitlerinema sp. CCC728, Arthrospira sp. CCC729, Phormidium sp. CCC731, Phormidium sp. CCC730, and Leptolyngbya sp. CCC732) were isolated (paddy fields and ponds in the Banaras Hindu University, campus) and five strains screened for ant...

  8. Zelleriella bromelicola, sp. n. (Protozoa: Opalinatea: Entozoário de Aparasphenodon brunoi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 (Anura, Hylidae de Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ismael Gióia

    1988-01-01

    Full Text Available Descreve-se Zelleriella bromelicola, sp. n., achada na região cecal do hilídeo Aparasphenodon brunoi Miranda-Ribeiro, infestado naturalmente com Entamoeba paulista. A célula é ovóide (105,7 um ± 1,6 x 79,3 um ± 1,9 e o núcleo tem uma massa fragmentada semi-paralela (3-5 nucléolos.Zelleriella bromelicola, sp. n., is described, from the caecal region of the hylid frog Aparasphenodon brunoi Miranda-Ribeiro, naturally infected with Entamoeba paulista. The cell is ovoid (105.7 um ± 1.6 x 79.3 um ± 1.9 and the nucleus (15.9 um ± 0.4 has a fragmented semi-parallel mass (3-5 nucleoli.

  9. Linear filtering applied to Monte Carlo criticality calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Morrison, G.W.; Pike, D.H.; Petrie, L.M.

    1975-01-01

    A significant improvement in the acceleration of the convergence of the eigenvalue computed by Monte Carlo techniques has been developed by applying linear filtering theory to Monte Carlo calculations for multiplying systems. A Kalman filter was applied to a KENO Monte Carlo calculation of an experimental critical system consisting of eight interacting units of fissile material. A comparison of the filter estimate and the Monte Carlo realization was made. The Kalman filter converged in five iterations to 0.9977. After 95 iterations, the average k-eff from the Monte Carlo calculation was 0.9981. This demonstrates that the Kalman filter has the potential of reducing the calculational effort of multiplying systems. Other examples and results are discussed

  10. Pengendalian Hayati Penyakit Layu Fusarium Pisang (Fusarium Oxysporum F.sp. Cubense) dengan Trichoderma SP.

    OpenAIRE

    Sudirman, Albertus; Sumardiyono, Christanti; Widyastuti, Siti Muslimah

    2011-01-01

    The aim of this research was to study the inhibiting ability of Trichoderma sp. to control fusarium wilt of banana in greenhouse condition. The experiments consisted of the antagonism test between Trichoderma sp. and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) in vitro using dual culture method and glass house experiment which was arranged in 3×3 Factorial Complete Randomized Design. First factor of the latter experiment was the dose of Trichoderma sp. culture (0, 25, and 50 g per polybag), second...

  11. Transplante da educação européia no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Casemiro dos Reis Filho

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available O Brasil surge para a história em pleno Renascimento. Resultado da expansão da civilização ocidental, o descobrimento do Brasil é significativo incidente da aventura marítima do Atlântico no século XV. Este momento de expansão européia é de extrema importância para a análise das raízes de nossas origens como nacionalidade. O seu estudo nos interessa na medida em que o primeiro projeto de Brasil, elaborado e executado a partir do Descobrimento pelo colonizador português, estabeleceu linhas históricas determinantes de nossa evolução como povo ligado, embora perifericamente, à civilização ocidental [...].

  12. Burnup calculations using Monte Carlo method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ghosh, Biplab; Degweker, S.B.

    2009-01-01

    In the recent years, interest in burnup calculations using Monte Carlo methods has gained momentum. Previous burn up codes have used multigroup transport theory based calculations followed by diffusion theory based core calculations for the neutronic portion of codes. The transport theory methods invariably make approximations with regard to treatment of the energy and angle variables involved in scattering, besides approximations related to geometry simplification. Cell homogenisation to produce diffusion, theory parameters adds to these approximations. Moreover, while diffusion theory works for most reactors, it does not produce accurate results in systems that have strong gradients, strong absorbers or large voids. Also, diffusion theory codes are geometry limited (rectangular, hexagonal, cylindrical, and spherical coordinates). Monte Carlo methods are ideal to solve very heterogeneous reactors and/or lattices/assemblies in which considerable burnable poisons are used. The key feature of this approach is that Monte Carlo methods permit essentially 'exact' modeling of all geometrical detail, without resort to ene and spatial homogenization of neutron cross sections. Monte Carlo method would also be better for in Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) which could have strong gradients due to the external source and a sub-critical assembly. To meet the demand for an accurate burnup code, we have developed a Monte Carlo burnup calculation code system in which Monte Carlo neutron transport code is coupled with a versatile code (McBurn) for calculating the buildup and decay of nuclides in nuclear materials. McBurn is developed from scratch by the authors. In this article we will discuss our effort in developing the continuous energy Monte Carlo burn-up code, McBurn. McBurn is intended for entire reactor core as well as for unit cells and assemblies. Generally, McBurn can do burnup of any geometrical system which can be handled by the underlying Monte Carlo transport code

  13. The Effect of Acupuncture to SP6 on Skin Temperature Changes of SP6 and SP10: An Observation of “Deqi”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jia-Min Yang

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Deqi sensation is a complex but an important component for acupuncture effect. In this study, we tried to observe the relationship between Deqi and skin temperature changes and whether there was some relativity between Deqi and needle stimulations on cold congealing and dysmenorrhea rat model. Thirty-two female Sprague Dawley (SD rats were randomly divided into four groups (Saline Control Group, Model Group, Group A with strong stimulation, and Group B with small stimulation. Group A and Group B were performed with different stimulations. We found that, compared with saline control group, model group, and Group B, Group A showed that the skin temperature changes on right acupoint SP6 and SP10 increased significantly at 5 min–10 min interval. The skin temperature changes on left SP6 decreased at instant–5 min interval. The skin temperature changes on right SP10 decreased significantly at instant–5 min interval and 10 min–20 min interval. Thermogenic action along Spleen Meridian of Foot Greater Yin was manifested as simultaneous skin temperature increase on right SP6 and SP10 at 5 min–10 min interval after needling SP6, which was helpful to illustrate the relationship between the characteristic of Deqi and needle stimulations.

  14. Cordiamyia globosa gen.n. e sp.n. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Cecidomyiidi associado com Cordia Verbenacea DC. (Boraginaceae no Brasil Cordiamyia globosa gen.n. and sp.n. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae associated with Cordia verbekacea DC. (Boraginaceae in Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valéria Cid Maia

    1996-01-01

    Full Text Available Cordiamyia globosa gen.n., sp.n. (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Cecidomyiidi associated with Cordia verbenacea (Boraginaceae, in Brazil, is described and illustrated (larva, pupa, male, female and gall.

  15. Monte Carlo simulations for plasma physics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Okamoto, M.; Murakami, S.; Nakajima, N.; Wang, W.X.

    2000-07-01

    Plasma behaviours are very complicated and the analyses are generally difficult. However, when the collisional processes play an important role in the plasma behaviour, the Monte Carlo method is often employed as a useful tool. For examples, in neutral particle injection heating (NBI heating), electron or ion cyclotron heating, and alpha heating, Coulomb collisions slow down high energetic particles and pitch angle scatter them. These processes are often studied by the Monte Carlo technique and good agreements can be obtained with the experimental results. Recently, Monte Carlo Method has been developed to study fast particle transports associated with heating and generating the radial electric field. Further it is applied to investigating the neoclassical transport in the plasma with steep gradients of density and temperatures which is beyong the conventional neoclassical theory. In this report, we briefly summarize the researches done by the present authors utilizing the Monte Carlo method. (author)

  16. Self-evolving atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo: fundamentals and applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu Haixuan; Osetsky, Yuri N; Stoller, Roger E

    2012-01-01

    The fundamentals of the framework and the details of each component of the self-evolving atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo (SEAKMC) are presented. The strength of this new technique is the ability to simulate dynamic processes with atomistic fidelity that is comparable to molecular dynamics (MD) but on a much longer time scale. The observation that the dimer method preferentially finds the saddle point (SP) with the lowest energy is investigated and found to be true only for defects with high symmetry. In order to estimate the fidelity of dynamics and accuracy of the simulation time, a general criterion is proposed and applied to two representative problems. Applications of SEAKMC for investigating the diffusion of interstitials and vacancies in bcc iron are presented and compared directly with MD simulations, demonstrating that SEAKMC provides results that formerly could be obtained only through MD. The correlation factor for interstitial diffusion in the dumbbell configuration, which is extremely difficult to obtain using MD, is predicted using SEAKMC. The limitations of SEAKMC are also discussed. The paper presents a comprehensive picture of the SEAKMC method in both its unique predictive capabilities and technically important details.

  17. Para decifrar o Brasil (ou) a formação do estadista

    OpenAIRE

    Mota, Carlos Guilherme

    2014-01-01

    [ES]El autor analiza el libro Pensadores que inventaram o Brasil, de Fernando Henrique Cardoso, en lo cual se exponen, en diez ensayos, visiones e interpretaciones sobre la cultura, la sociedad y la política de Brasil contemporáneo.

  18. Estudo geoeconômico do setor cervejeiro no Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Limberger, Silvia Cristina

    2016-01-01

    Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, Florianópolis, 2016. Esta tese tratou de estudar o desenvolvimento da indústria cervejeira no Brasil, tendo como ponto central as diferentes estratégias competitivas elaboradas pelas empresas líderes e marginais, especialmente, no segmento de cervejas de alto valor agregado. O trabalho demonstra a evolução da produção cervejeira no mundo e no Brasil ass...

  19. RACISMO CIENTÍFICO NO BRASIL PÓS-ESCRAVATURA

    OpenAIRE

    RAQUEL AMORIM DOS SANTOS; ROSÂNGELA MARIA DE NAZARÉ BARBOSA E SILVA

    2017-01-01

    Este estudo analisa a difusão do racismo cientifico no Brasil, reconhecendo seu caráter estrutural. Reconhecê-lo desta forma significa perceber que Cor, raça e preconceito no Brasil compõe o plexo de concepções para o enfrentamento das questões raciais e de seus desdobramentos nocivos na formação de crianças e adolescentes, por meio da construção de uma nova forma de se pensar a formação da nação e da nacionalidade. O estudo é de abordagem qualitativa com aplicação da pesquisa bibliográfica ...

  20. Interaction of Sp1 zinc finger with transport factor in the nuclear localization of transcription factor Sp1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ito, Tatsuo; Kitamura, Haruka; Uwatoko, Chisana; Azumano, Makiko; Itoh, Kohji; Kuwahara, Jun

    2010-01-01

    Research highlights: → Sp1 zinc fingers themselves interact with importin α. → Sp1 zinc finger domains play an essential role as a nuclear localization signal. → Sp1 can be transported into the nucleus in an importin-dependent manner. -- Abstract: Transcription factor Sp1 is localized in the nucleus and regulates the expression of many cellular genes, but the nuclear transport mechanism of Sp1 is not well understood. In this study, we revealed that GST-fused Sp1 protein bound to endogenous importin α in HeLa cells via the Sp1 zinc finger domains, which comprise the DNA binding domain of Sp1. It was found that the Sp1 zinc finger domains directly interacted with a wide range of importin α including the armadillo (arm) repeat domain and the C-terminal acidic domain. Furthermore, it turned out that all three zinc fingers of Sp1 are essential for binding to importin α. Taken together, these results suggest that the Sp1 zinc finger domains play an essential role as a NLS and Sp1 can be transported into the nucleus in an importin-dependent manner even though it possesses no classical NLSs.

  1. Role of surfactant protein A (SP-A)/lipid interactions for SP-A functions in the lung.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Casals, C

    2001-01-01

    Surfactant protein A (SP-A), an oligomeric glycoprotein, is a member of a group of proteins named collectins that contain collagen-like and Ca(2+)-dependent carbohydrate recognition domains. SP-A interacts with a broad range of amphipathic lipids (glycerophospholipids, sphingophospholipids, glycosphingolipids, lipid A, and lipoglycans) that are present in surfactant or microbial membranes. This review summarizes SP-A/lipid interaction studies regarding the lipid system used (i.e., phospholipid vesicles, phospholipid monolayers, and lipids immobilized on silica or adsorbed on a solid support). The effect of calcium, ionic strength, and pH on the binding of SP-A to lipids and the subsequent lipid aggregation process is discussed. Current evidence suggests that hydrophobic-binding forces are involved in the peripherical association of SP-A to membranes. It is also proposed that fluid and liquid-ordered phase coexistence in surfactant membranes might favor partition of SP-A into those membranes. The binding of SP-A to surfactant membranes containing hydrophobic surfactant peptides makes possible the formation of a membrane reservoir in the alveolar fluid that is protected by SP-A against inactivation and improves the rate of surfactant film formation. In addition, the interaction of SP-A with membranes might enhance the affinity of SP-A for terminal carbohydrates of glycolipids or glycoproteins on the surface of invading microorganisms.

  2. Raca e mortalidade cerebrovascular no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Andrade Lotufo

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Sendo desconhecidas as taxas de mortalidade cerebrovascular segundo raça no Brasil, foram coletadas informações de óbitos de 2010 do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde. Foram calculadas as taxas de mortalidade cerebrovascular, ajustadas por idade (por 100 mil, com intervalo de confiança de 95%, por sexo e raça/cor de pele. A diferença entre brancos, pardos e negros foi significativa para homens, com taxas, respectivamente, de 44,4 (43,5;45,3, 48,2 (47,1;49,3 e 63,3 (60.6;66,6; e para mulheres, com taxa, respectivamente, de 29,0 (28,3;29,7, 33,7 (32,8;34,6 e 51,0 (48,6;53,4. Em conclusão, a mortalidade cerebrovascular no Brasil é maior entre negros.

  3. Thomas Mann e a cena intelectual no Brasil: encontros e desencontros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sibele Paulino

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available A origem brasileira de Thomas Mann, por parte de sua mãe, Julia da Silva Bruhns, deu ocasião, na maturidade do escritor, a seu contato com intelectuais brasileiros ou estrangeiros ligados à cena cultural do Brasil. No primeiro grupo, tem-se Gilberto Freyre, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e Erico Verissimo. Residentes no Brasil, Karl Lustig-Prean, que posteriormente retornará à Europa, e o tradutor Herbert Caro, que se radica em definitivo no Brasil. Também o contato direto ou indireto com pensadores e escritores como Karl Loewenstein, Heinrich Eduard Jacob, Marte Brill e Stefan Zweig colaboraram para a aproximação de Thomas Mann ao universo brasileiro. Estes e outros pontos de contato são descritos no presente artigo, que pretende difundir dados e documentos há muito inacessíveis ou inéditos, no sentido de contribuir com abordagens atualizadas da obra de Thomas Mann e oferecer à pesquisa especializada a indicação de dados biográficos e documentais relacionados ao escritor, no que concerne à sua relação com o Brasil.

  4. Prurido do traje de banho: relato de seis casos no Sul do Brasil Seabather’s eruption: report of the six cases in southern Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Luiz Rossetto

    2007-02-01

    Full Text Available O prurido do traje de banho ou seabather’s eruption é uma dermatite intensamente pruriginosa que ocorre pelo contato com larvas plânulas do cnidário cifozoário Linuche unguiculata, especialmente sob os trajes de banhistas. As larvas disparam seus nematocistos a partir de cnidócitos ou células urticantes de defesa na pele da vítima, causando uma típica erupção pápulo-eritemato-pruriginosa. Os primeiros cinco casos descritos no Brasil foram publicados em 2001, no litoral Sudeste (Ubatuba, SP, obtendo-se associação com larvas de Linuche unguiculata, uma vez que a ocorrência e o ciclo de vida do cnidário já haviam sido estudados no Canal de São Sebastião, SP. Os autores relatam os seis casos na região Sul do Brasil (Estado de Santa Catarina, enfatizando os aspectos clínicos e a pesquisa para identificação do agente na água do mar local.Seabather’s eruption is an intensely pruriginous form of dermatitis that occurs after contact with the planula larvae of the cnidarian scyphozoan Linuche unguiculata, especially under the bather’s clothes. They discharge their poisonous nematocysts from the cnidocytes, causing a typical eruption presenting papules, erythema and intense itching. The first five cases described in Brazil were published in 2001 and occurred on the southeastern coast (Ubatuba, State of São Paulo. Those cases were linked to larvae of Linuche unguiculata, because the occurrence and life cycle of this cnidarian had been studied in the São Sebastião Channel, State of São Paulo. The present authors report the six cases observed in southern Brazil (State of Santa Catarina, with a description of the typical clinical aspects and an investigation linking the cases to Linuche unguiculata in the local seawater.

  5. Monte Carlo approaches to light nuclei

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carlson, J.

    1990-01-01

    Significant progress has been made recently in the application of Monte Carlo methods to the study of light nuclei. We review new Green's function Monte Carlo results for the alpha particle, Variational Monte Carlo studies of 16 O, and methods for low-energy scattering and transitions. Through these calculations, a coherent picture of the structure and electromagnetic properties of light nuclei has arisen. In particular, we examine the effect of the three-nucleon interaction and the importance of exchange currents in a variety of experimentally measured properties, including form factors and capture cross sections. 29 refs., 7 figs

  6. Monte Carlo approaches to light nuclei

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Carlson, J.

    1990-01-01

    Significant progress has been made recently in the application of Monte Carlo methods to the study of light nuclei. We review new Green's function Monte Carlo results for the alpha particle, Variational Monte Carlo studies of {sup 16}O, and methods for low-energy scattering and transitions. Through these calculations, a coherent picture of the structure and electromagnetic properties of light nuclei has arisen. In particular, we examine the effect of the three-nucleon interaction and the importance of exchange currents in a variety of experimentally measured properties, including form factors and capture cross sections. 29 refs., 7 figs.

  7. Monte Carlo methods and models in finance and insurance

    CERN Document Server

    Korn, Ralf; Kroisandt, Gerald

    2010-01-01

    Offering a unique balance between applications and calculations, Monte Carlo Methods and Models in Finance and Insurance incorporates the application background of finance and insurance with the theory and applications of Monte Carlo methods. It presents recent methods and algorithms, including the multilevel Monte Carlo method, the statistical Romberg method, and the Heath-Platen estimator, as well as recent financial and actuarial models, such as the Cheyette and dynamic mortality models. The authors separately discuss Monte Carlo techniques, stochastic process basics, and the theoretical background and intuition behind financial and actuarial mathematics, before bringing the topics together to apply the Monte Carlo methods to areas of finance and insurance. This allows for the easy identification of standard Monte Carlo tools and for a detailed focus on the main principles of financial and insurance mathematics. The book describes high-level Monte Carlo methods for standard simulation and the simulation of...

  8. Five novel Wickerhamomyces- and Metschnikowia-related yeast species, Wickerhamomyces chaumierensis sp. nov., Candida pseudoflosculorum sp. nov., Candida danieliae sp. nov., Candida robnettiae sp. nov. and Candida eppingiae sp. nov., isolated from plants

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Groenewald, Marizeth; Robert, Vincent; Smith, Maudy Th

    On the basis of nucleotide divergences in the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) domain of the rRNA gene, five novel yeast species, Wickerhamomyces chaumierensis sp. nov. (CBS 8565(T)  = JCM 17246(T)), Candida pseudoflosculorum sp. nov. (CBS 8584(T)  = JCM

  9. Sintomas respiratórios na população da cidade de Ribeirão Preto, SP (Brasil: resultados da aplicação de um questionário padronizado Respiratory symptoms in Ribeirão Preto, SP (Brazil: results from the use of a standardized questionnaire

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo de Carvalho Ramos

    1983-02-01

    Full Text Available As doenças respiratórias constituem expressiva parcela da morbidade na população da cidade de Ribeirão Preto, como comprovam alguns autores. Em particular, as doenças pulmonares crônicas não-específicas motivam número grande de internações a cada ano. Tais doenças podem ser detectadas através de sintomas relatados em entrevistas pessoais, quando se usa um questionário padronizado. Em uma amostra de 3.353 indivíduos de mais de 3 anos de idade, correspondendo a 878 domicílios visitados, foi feito levantamento de sintomas respiratórios, na população do município de Ribeirão Preto, SP (Brasil, utilizando-se questionário padronizado. Os resultados mostraram: 3,4% de pessoas do sexo feminino e 2,4% do sexo masculino com sintomas sugestivos da asma brônquica; 5,5% do sexo masculino e 3,3% do sexo feminino com sintomas sugestivos de bronquite crônica; 15,5% dos homens e 11,3% das mulheres referiram tosse; dispnéia com limitação funcional foi relatada em 0,96% dos homens e 2,48% das mulheres.The prevalence of asthma, chronic bronchitis and some other respiratory symptoms was estimated on the basis of a standardized questionnaire. Three thousand three hundred and fifty-three people were interviewed at home. On the basis of the criteria adapted 3.49% of the females and 2.4% of the males were considered asthmatic. Likewise, in 5.54% of the males and 3.37% of females the symptoms were strongly suggestive of chronic bronchitis. Shortness of breath was recorded in 0.96% of the males and 2.48% of the females.

  10. Padrão dietético e estado nutricional de operários de uma empresa metalúrgica do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Castro Maria Beatriz Trindade de

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Descrevem-se o estado nutricional, o padrão de consumo alimentar, a ingestão energética (IE e a freqüência da atividade física de lazer de 65 operários (19 a 58 anos de idade do sexo masculino na perspectiva de construção de um sistema de vigilância (SISVAN numa empresa de metalurgia do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O IMC médio foi de 25,0kg/m² (44,6% tinham sobrepeso - SP, a IE, de 3.209,1kcal/dia com 17,8; 21,8 e 60,6% de proteínas, lipídios e glicídios, respectivamente. Os alimentos mais freqüentemente consumidos foram arroz, feijão, pão, café, açúcar, manteiga, suco, leite, refrigerante, bife e frango. O consumo de leguminosas, hortaliças, frutas, carnes e ovos ultrapassou o recomendado. Dos trabalhadores com SP, 79,0% apresentaram balanço energético (BE negativo. Os resultados mostraram um paradoxo a ser enfrentado pelo SISVAN: alta prevalência de SP, mas com BE negativo e com dieta com padrão qualitativo bem variado; e, ainda, prática de alguma atividade física de lazer por metade dos trabalhadores. Pode ser que esse aparente paradoxo seja causado por superestimativa dos requerimentos energéticos ou subestimativa da ingestão, fatores que não podem ser determinados na presente análise.

  11. A Psicologia no Brasil: um ensaio sobre suas contradições

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mitsuko Aparecida Makino Antunes

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem a finalidade de expor o percurso histórico da Psicologia no Brasil na perspectiva da tridimensionalidade do tempo, entendendo que a apreensão de sua concreticidade implica a compreensão do passado, que estrutura o presente e se projeta para o futuro. A compreensão da historicidade da Psicologia no Brasil como construção social, neste texto, tem como foco a análise das contradições que estiveram presentes nos diversos períodos, como condição para a compreensão das possibilidades de superação que permitiram saltos de qualidade no desenvolvimento da Psicologia, quer como conhecimento, quer como prática. Serão apresentadas, para cada período da história da Psicologia no Brasil, uma breve descrição de suas características e a análise de algumas produções, sejam elas teóricas, sejam práticas, que revelam suas contradições, sobretudo o confronto das concepções coexistentes em um mesmo tempo histórico, que demonstram o processo constitutivo dos saberes psicológicos e da Psicologia no Brasil a partir de distintos posicionamentos sociopolíticos e epistemológicos. Busca-se contribuir para a compreensão da constituição da Psicologia no Brasil a partir da dinâmica engendrada pelas e nas contradições históricas dessa área do saber, entendida como construção eminentemente social.

  12. Truncated recombinant human SP-D attenuates emphysema and type II cell changes in SP-D deficient mice

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mühlfeld Christian

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Surfactant protein D (SP-D deficient mice develop emphysema-like pathology associated with focal accumulations of foamy alveolar macrophages, an excess of surfactant phospholipids in the alveolar space and both hypertrophy and hyperplasia of alveolar type II cells. These findings are associated with a chronic inflammatory state. Treatment of SP-D deficient mice with a truncated recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D has been shown to decrease the lipidosis and alveolar macrophage accumulation as well as production of proinflammatory chemokines. The aim of this study was to investigate if rfhSP-D treatment reduces the structural abnormalities in parenchymal architecture and type II cells characteristic of SP-D deficiency. Methods SP-D knock-out mice, aged 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 9 weeks were treated with rfhSP-D for 9, 6 and 3 weeks, respectively. All mice were sacrificed at age 12 weeks and compared to both PBS treated SP-D deficient and wild-type groups. Lung structure was quantified by design-based stereology at the light and electron microscopic level. Emphasis was put on quantification of emphysema, type II cell changes and intracellular surfactant. Data were analysed with two sided non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test. Main Results After 3 weeks of treatment, alveolar number was higher and mean alveolar size was smaller compared to saline-treated SP-D knock-out controls. There was no significant difference concerning these indices of pulmonary emphysema within rfhSP-D treated groups. Type II cell number and size were smaller as a consequence of treatment. The total volume of lamellar bodies per type II cell and per lung was smaller after 6 weeks of treatment. Conclusion Treatment of SP-D deficient mice with rfhSP-D leads to a reduction in the degree of emphysema and a correction of type II cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy. This supports the concept that rfhSP-D might become a therapeutic option in diseases that are

  13. Thorium, UNFC (3,3,3) In Brasil

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Villas-Bôas, Roberto C.

    2014-01-01

    Types of thorium UNFC (3,3,3) in Brasil: • Placer, shoreline; • Placer, alluvial; • Carbonatite with residual enrichment (Barreiro,Catalao); • Carbonatite (Salitre, MG); • Pitinga granites (AM); • Alkalic Igneous

  14. Quality improvement on half-fin anchovy (Setipinna taty) fish sauce by Psychrobacter sp. SP-1 fermentation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zheng, Bin; Liu, Yu; He, Xiaoxia; Hu, Shiwei; Li, Shijie; Chen, Meiling; Jiang, Wei

    2017-10-01

    A method of improving fish sauce quality during fermentation was investigated. Psychrobacter sp. SP-1, a halophilic protease-producing bacterium, was isolated from fish sauce with flavor-enhancing properties and non-biogenic amine-producing activity. The performance of Psychrobacter sp. SP-1 in Setipinna taty fish sauce fermentation was investigated further. The inoculation of Psychrobacter sp. SP-1 did not significantly affect pH or NaCl concentration changes (P > 0.05), although it significantly increased total moderately halophilic microbial count, protease activity, total soluble nitrogen content and amino acid nitrogen content, and also promoted the umami taste and meaty aroma (P sauce quality by fermentation. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

  15. Simulation and the Monte Carlo method

    CERN Document Server

    Rubinstein, Reuven Y

    2016-01-01

    Simulation and the Monte Carlo Method, Third Edition reflects the latest developments in the field and presents a fully updated and comprehensive account of the major topics that have emerged in Monte Carlo simulation since the publication of the classic First Edition over more than a quarter of a century ago. While maintaining its accessible and intuitive approach, this revised edition features a wealth of up-to-date information that facilitates a deeper understanding of problem solving across a wide array of subject areas, such as engineering, statistics, computer science, mathematics, and the physical and life sciences. The book begins with a modernized introduction that addresses the basic concepts of probability, Markov processes, and convex optimization. Subsequent chapters discuss the dramatic changes that have occurred in the field of the Monte Carlo method, with coverage of many modern topics including: Markov Chain Monte Carlo, variance reduction techniques such as the transform likelihood ratio...

  16. Lecture 1. Monte Carlo basics. Lecture 2. Adjoint Monte Carlo. Lecture 3. Coupled Forward-Adjoint calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hoogenboom, J.E. [Delft University of Technology, Interfaculty Reactor Institute, Delft (Netherlands)

    2000-07-01

    The Monte Carlo method is a statistical method to solve mathematical and physical problems using random numbers. The principle of the methods will be demonstrated for a simple mathematical problem and for neutron transport. Various types of estimators will be discussed, as well as generally applied variance reduction methods like splitting, Russian roulette and importance biasing. The theoretical formulation for solving eigenvalue problems for multiplying systems will be shown. Some reflections will be given about the applicability of the Monte Carlo method, its limitations and its future prospects for reactor physics calculations. Adjoint Monte Carlo is a Monte Carlo game to solve the adjoint neutron (or photon) transport equation. The adjoint transport equation can be interpreted in terms of simulating histories of artificial particles, which show properties of neutrons that move backwards in history. These particles will start their history at the detector from which the response must be estimated and give a contribution to the estimated quantity when they hit or pass through the neutron source. Application to multigroup transport formulation will be demonstrated Possible implementation for the continuous energy case will be outlined. The inherent advantages and disadvantages of the method will be discussed. The Midway Monte Carlo method will be presented for calculating a detector response due to a (neutron or photon) source. A derivation will be given of the basic formula for the Midway Monte Carlo method The black absorber technique, allowing for a cutoff of particle histories when reaching the midway surface in one of the calculations will be derived. An extension of the theory to coupled neutron-photon problems is given. The method will be demonstrated for an oil well logging problem, comprising a neutron source in a borehole and photon detectors to register the photons generated by inelastic neutron scattering. (author)

  17. Lecture 1. Monte Carlo basics. Lecture 2. Adjoint Monte Carlo. Lecture 3. Coupled Forward-Adjoint calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hoogenboom, J.E.

    2000-01-01

    The Monte Carlo method is a statistical method to solve mathematical and physical problems using random numbers. The principle of the methods will be demonstrated for a simple mathematical problem and for neutron transport. Various types of estimators will be discussed, as well as generally applied variance reduction methods like splitting, Russian roulette and importance biasing. The theoretical formulation for solving eigenvalue problems for multiplying systems will be shown. Some reflections will be given about the applicability of the Monte Carlo method, its limitations and its future prospects for reactor physics calculations. Adjoint Monte Carlo is a Monte Carlo game to solve the adjoint neutron (or photon) transport equation. The adjoint transport equation can be interpreted in terms of simulating histories of artificial particles, which show properties of neutrons that move backwards in history. These particles will start their history at the detector from which the response must be estimated and give a contribution to the estimated quantity when they hit or pass through the neutron source. Application to multigroup transport formulation will be demonstrated Possible implementation for the continuous energy case will be outlined. The inherent advantages and disadvantages of the method will be discussed. The Midway Monte Carlo method will be presented for calculating a detector response due to a (neutron or photon) source. A derivation will be given of the basic formula for the Midway Monte Carlo method The black absorber technique, allowing for a cutoff of particle histories when reaching the midway surface in one of the calculations will be derived. An extension of the theory to coupled neutron-photon problems is given. The method will be demonstrated for an oil well logging problem, comprising a neutron source in a borehole and photon detectors to register the photons generated by inelastic neutron scattering. (author)

  18. Ocorrência de Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis em Piper nigrum no estado de Alagoas Report of Fusariom solani f. sp. piperis in Piper nigrum in the state of Alagoas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliana Paiva Carnaúba

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available A pimenta-do-reino (Piper nigrum L. é uma planta trepadeira, pertencente à família Piperaceae. Ela é originária do Sudeste Asiático, sendo a mais comum e importante das especiarias. A fusariose, também conhecida por podridão do pé e podridão das raízes é a principal doença da cultura, de ocorrência restrita ao Brasil. Um isolado de Fusarium sp., encontrado infectando plantas de pimenta-do-reino cv. bragantina no município de União dos Palmares em Alagoas, foi caracterizado morfologicamente e teve sua patogenicidade confirmada em mudas deste hospedeiro. Os macroconídios apresentaram-se falcados, hialinos com três a cinco septos, com dimensões de 30,5 - 26,5 x 6,3 - 4,9 ìm, enquanto os microconídios apresentaram-se hialinos, unicelulares, elípticos ou alantóides medindo 16,6 - 4,9 x 6,5 - 3,3 ìm. Os clamidósporos foram abundantes em meio batata-dextrose-ágar. O isolado foi identificado como Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis Alb. tratando-se do primeiro relato deste patógeno em pimenta-do-reino no estado de Alagoas.The pepper-of the-kingdom (Piper nigrum L. it is a climbing plant, pertaining plant to the Piperaceae family. It is originary the southeastern Asian, being most common and important of the spices. Seedling death, also known for rottenness of the foot and rottenness of the root is the main illness of the culture, restricted occurrence to Brazil. Isolated of Fusarium sp., found contamined plants of bragantina pepper-do-kingdom cv. in the city of União dos Palmares in Alagoas, was characterized morphologycament and had its pathogenicity confirmed in changes of this host. The macroconidia slightly curved, typically canoe-shaped, hyaline with three the five septate, measuring 30,5 - 26,5 x 6,3 - 4,9 ìm. Microconidia hyaline, unicellulars, ellipticals or allantoises measuring 16,6 - 4,9 x 6,5 - 3,3 ìm. The chlamydospores had been abundant in half potato-dextrose-agar. The isolated one was identified as to Fusarium

  19. From spent graphite to amorphous sp2+sp3 carbon-coated sp2 graphite for high-performance lithium ion batteries

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ma, Zhen; Zhuang, Yuchan; Deng, Yaoming; Song, Xiaona; Zuo, Xiaoxi; Xiao, Xin; Nan, Junmin

    2018-02-01

    Today, with the massive application of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) in the portable devices and electric vehicles, to supply the active materials with high-performances and then to recycle their wastes are two core issues for the development of LIBs. In this paper, the spent graphite (SG) in LIBs is used as raw materials to fabricate two comparative high-capacity graphite anode materials. Based on a microsurgery-like physical reconstruction, the reconstructed graphite (RG) with a sp2+sp3 carbon surface is prepared through a microwave exfoliation and subsequent spray drying process. In contrast, the neural-network-like amorphous sp2+sp3 carbon-coated graphite (AC@G) is synthesized using a self-reconfigurable chemical reaction strategy. Compared with SG and commercial graphite (CG), both RG and AC@G have enhanced specific capacities, from 311.2 mAh g-1 and 360.7 mAh g-1 to 409.7 mAh g-1 and 420.0 mAh g-1, at 0.1C after 100 cycles. In addition, they exhibit comparable cycling stability, rate capability, and voltage plateau with CG. Because the synthesis of RG and AC@G represents two typical physical and chemical methods for the recycling of SG, these results on the sp2+sp3 carbon layer coating bulk graphite also reveal an approach for the preparation of high-performance graphite anode materials derived from SG.

  20. Novos registros de Omalonyx matheroni (Pontiez & Michaud, 1835 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Succineidae para os Estados de São Paulo e Paraná, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Janine Oliveira Arruda

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2009v22n2p187 Omalonyx matheroni é um gastrópode sucineídeo que ocorre nas macrófitas aquáticas e vegetações adjacentes de planície de inundação de rios, em lagos e açudes. Registra-se a ocorrência dessa espécie para os municípios de Ibitinga (SP e Paranaguá (PR, estendendo sua distribuição mais ao sul da América do Sul. Até o presente momento, a espécie tinha sido registrada para Demerara (Guiana, Zanderij e Belwaarde (Suriname, Guiana Francesa, Peru, Limoncocha (Equador, Amazonas, Pará, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais (Brasil, além das ilhas de Guadalupe e Trinidade.

  1. Halobacterium sp. SP1(1) as a starter culture for accelerating fish sauce fermentation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Akolkar, A V; Durai, D; Desai, A J

    2010-07-01

    Application of Halobacterium sp. SP1(1) for the acceleration of fish sauce fermentation. Traditional fish sauce fermentation was mimicked using Halobacterium sp. SP1(1) as starter culture. Protease activity, peptide release and α-amino content (parameters used to monitor the progress of the fermentation) were high at day 10 in tests and day 20 in un-inoculated controls. The total protein and nitrogen contents were also high in tests compared with controls. The amino acid profile observed at the end of fermentation in experimental samples, when compared with the commercial sauce preparation, was found to be better with respect to flavour and aroma contributing amino acids as well as essential amino acid lysine. Microflora analysis of the final fish sauce revealed the absence of any nonhalophilic or halotolerant micro-organisms. The protease-producing halophilic isolates obtained from the fish sauce of eviscerated and uneviscerated controls were identified as Halobacterium sp. F1 and F2, respectively, by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Exogenous augmentation of Halobacterium sp. SP1(1) accelerated the fish sauce fermentation process with an additive effect on the existing natural microflora present in the fish during fermentation. Halobacterium sp SP1(1), therefore, can be used as an important starter culture for accelerating the fish fermentation process, which is attributed to its extracellular protease. The present study is the first report on use of Halobacterium species as a starter culture for accelerating fish sauce fermentation. Use of halobacterial starter cultures may revolutionize the process in fish sauce industries by reducing the fermentation time and making the process more economical with improved nutritive value of product. Journal compilation © 2009 The Society for Applied Microbiology. No claim to Indian Government works.

  2. ExaSP2

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    2017-09-08

    ExaSP2 is a reference implementation of typical linear algebra algorithms and workloads for a quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) electronic structure code. The algorithm is based on a recursive second-order Fermi-Operator expansion method (SP2) and is tailored for density functional based tight-binding calculations of material systems.

  3. Monte Carlo Techniques for Nuclear Systems - Theory Lectures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brown, Forrest B.; Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM

    2016-01-01

    These are lecture notes for a Monte Carlo class given at the University of New Mexico. The following topics are covered: course information; nuclear eng. review & MC; random numbers and sampling; computational geometry; collision physics; tallies and statistics; eigenvalue calculations I; eigenvalue calculations II; eigenvalue calculations III; variance reduction; parallel Monte Carlo; parameter studies; fission matrix and higher eigenmodes; doppler broadening; Monte Carlo depletion; HTGR modeling; coupled MC and T/H calculations; fission energy deposition. Solving particle transport problems with the Monte Carlo method is simple - just simulate the particle behavior. The devil is in the details, however. These lectures provide a balanced approach to the theory and practice of Monte Carlo simulation codes. The first lectures provide an overview of Monte Carlo simulation methods, covering the transport equation, random sampling, computational geometry, collision physics, and statistics. The next lectures focus on the state-of-the-art in Monte Carlo criticality simulations, covering the theory of eigenvalue calculations, convergence analysis, dominance ratio calculations, bias in Keff and tallies, bias in uncertainties, a case study of a realistic calculation, and Wielandt acceleration techniques. The remaining lectures cover advanced topics, including HTGR modeling and stochastic geometry, temperature dependence, fission energy deposition, depletion calculations, parallel calculations, and parameter studies. This portion of the class focuses on using MCNP to perform criticality calculations for reactor physics and criticality safety applications. It is an intermediate level class, intended for those with at least some familiarity with MCNP. Class examples provide hands-on experience at running the code, plotting both geometry and results, and understanding the code output. The class includes lectures & hands-on computer use for a variety of Monte Carlo calculations

  4. Monte Carlo Techniques for Nuclear Systems - Theory Lectures

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brown, Forrest B. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Monte Carlo Methods, Codes, and Applications Group; Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States). Nuclear Engineering Dept.

    2016-11-29

    These are lecture notes for a Monte Carlo class given at the University of New Mexico. The following topics are covered: course information; nuclear eng. review & MC; random numbers and sampling; computational geometry; collision physics; tallies and statistics; eigenvalue calculations I; eigenvalue calculations II; eigenvalue calculations III; variance reduction; parallel Monte Carlo; parameter studies; fission matrix and higher eigenmodes; doppler broadening; Monte Carlo depletion; HTGR modeling; coupled MC and T/H calculations; fission energy deposition. Solving particle transport problems with the Monte Carlo method is simple - just simulate the particle behavior. The devil is in the details, however. These lectures provide a balanced approach to the theory and practice of Monte Carlo simulation codes. The first lectures provide an overview of Monte Carlo simulation methods, covering the transport equation, random sampling, computational geometry, collision physics, and statistics. The next lectures focus on the state-of-the-art in Monte Carlo criticality simulations, covering the theory of eigenvalue calculations, convergence analysis, dominance ratio calculations, bias in Keff and tallies, bias in uncertainties, a case study of a realistic calculation, and Wielandt acceleration techniques. The remaining lectures cover advanced topics, including HTGR modeling and stochastic geometry, temperature dependence, fission energy deposition, depletion calculations, parallel calculations, and parameter studies. This portion of the class focuses on using MCNP to perform criticality calculations for reactor physics and criticality safety applications. It is an intermediate level class, intended for those with at least some familiarity with MCNP. Class examples provide hands-on experience at running the code, plotting both geometry and results, and understanding the code output. The class includes lectures & hands-on computer use for a variety of Monte Carlo calculations

  5. CERN honours Carlo Rubbia

    CERN Multimedia

    2009-01-01

    On 7 April CERN will be holding a symposium to mark the 75th birthday of Carlo Rubbia, who shared the 1984 Nobel Prize for Physics with Simon van der Meer for contributions to the discovery of the W and Z bosons, carriers of the weak interaction. Following a presentation by Rolf Heuer, lectures will be given by eminent speakers on areas of science to which Carlo Rubbia has made decisive contributions. Michel Spiro, Director of the French National Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (IN2P3) of the CNRS, Lyn Evans, sLHC Project Leader, and Alan Astbury of the TRIUMF Laboratory will talk about the physics of the weak interaction and the discovery of the W and Z bosons. Former CERN Director-General Herwig Schopper will lecture on CERN’s accelerators from LEP to the LHC. Giovanni Bignami, former President of the Italian Space Agency and Professor at the IUSS School for Advanced Studies in Pavia will speak about his work with Carlo Rubbia. Finally, Hans Joachim Sch...

  6. CERN honours Carlo Rubbia

    CERN Multimedia

    2009-01-01

    On 7 April CERN will be holding a symposium to mark the 75th birthday of Carlo Rubbia, who shared the 1984 Nobel Prize for Physics with Simon van der Meer for contributions to the discovery of the W and Z bosons, carriers of the weak interaction. Following a presentation by Rolf Heuer, lectures will be given by eminent speakers on areas of science to which Carlo Rubbia has made decisive contributions. Michel Spiro, Director of the French National Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (IN2P3) of the CNRS, Lyn Evans, sLHC Project Leader, and Alan Astbury of the TRIUMF Laboratory will talk about the physics of the weak interaction and the discovery of the W and Z bosons. Former CERN Director-General Herwig Schopper will lecture on CERN’s accelerators from LEP to the LHC. Giovanni Bignami, former President of the Italian Space Agency, will speak about his work with Carlo Rubbia. Finally, Hans Joachim Schellnhuber of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Research and Sven Kul...

  7. Monte Carlo Transport for Electron Thermal Transport

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chenhall, Jeffrey; Cao, Duc; Moses, Gregory

    2015-11-01

    The iSNB (implicit Schurtz Nicolai Busquet multigroup electron thermal transport method of Cao et al. is adapted into a Monte Carlo transport method in order to better model the effects of non-local behavior. The end goal is a hybrid transport-diffusion method that combines Monte Carlo Transport with a discrete diffusion Monte Carlo (DDMC). The hybrid method will combine the efficiency of a diffusion method in short mean free path regions with the accuracy of a transport method in long mean free path regions. The Monte Carlo nature of the approach allows the algorithm to be massively parallelized. Work to date on the method will be presented. This work was supported by Sandia National Laboratory - Albuquerque and the University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics.

  8. Brasil – México: trayectorias estructurales diferenciadas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clemente Ruiz Durán

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Na última década, o crescimento permitiu ao Brasil se tornar a sexta economia do mundo, enquanto o México ficou para trás, mesmo que, em meados da primeira década do século XXI, as duas economias estivessem emparelhadas. As raízes dessa diferença podem ser encontradas nas políticas governamentais que no Brasil fortaleceram mercado interno, enquanto o México buscou por estabilidade e a globalização dificultou o potencial do mercado interno e reduziu o efeito das cadeias de valor globais. A análise comparativa das economias latino-americanas confirma a abordagem teórica da teoria do desenvolvimento, que o fortalecimento do mercado interno é a melhor maneira de aproximar economias de escala na economia global.

  9. Fresh Water Cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp. CCC728 and Arthrospira sp. CCC729 as an Anticancer Drug Resource.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Akanksha Srivastava

    Full Text Available An increasing number of cancer patients worldwide, especially in third world countries, have raised concern to explore natural drug resources, such as the less explored fresh water filamentous cyanobacteria. Six strains of cyanobacteria (Phormidium sp. CCC727, Geitlerinema sp. CCC728, Arthrospira sp. CCC729, Phormidium sp. CCC731, Phormidium sp. CCC730, and Leptolyngbya sp. CCC732 were isolated (paddy fields and ponds in the Banaras Hindu University, campus and five strains screened for anticancer potential using human colon adenocarcinoma (HT29 and human kidney adenocarcinoma (A498 cancer cell lines. Geitlerinema sp. CCC728 and Arthrospira sp. CCC729 were the most potent as determined by examination of morphological features and by inhibition of growth by graded concentrations of crude extracts and thin-layer chromatography (TLC eluates. Cell cycle analysis and multiplex assays using cancer biomarkers also confirmed Geitlerinema sp. CCC728 and Arthrospira sp. CCC729 as cancer drug resources. Apoptotic studies in the cells of A498 (cancer and MCF-10A (normal human epithelial exposed to crude extracts and TLC fractions revealed no significant impact on MCF-10A cells emphasizing its importance in the development of anticancer drug. Identification of biomolecules from these extracts are in progress.

  10. Fresh Water Cyanobacteria Geitlerinema sp. CCC728 and Arthrospira sp. CCC729 as an Anticancer Drug Resource.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Srivastava, Akanksha; Tiwari, Ratnakar; Srivastava, Vikas; Singh, Tej Bali; Asthana, Ravi Kumar

    2015-01-01

    An increasing number of cancer patients worldwide, especially in third world countries, have raised concern to explore natural drug resources, such as the less explored fresh water filamentous cyanobacteria. Six strains of cyanobacteria (Phormidium sp. CCC727, Geitlerinema sp. CCC728, Arthrospira sp. CCC729, Phormidium sp. CCC731, Phormidium sp. CCC730, and Leptolyngbya sp. CCC732) were isolated (paddy fields and ponds in the Banaras Hindu University, campus) and five strains screened for anticancer potential using human colon adenocarcinoma (HT29) and human kidney adenocarcinoma (A498) cancer cell lines. Geitlerinema sp. CCC728 and Arthrospira sp. CCC729 were the most potent as determined by examination of morphological features and by inhibition of growth by graded concentrations of crude extracts and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) eluates. Cell cycle analysis and multiplex assays using cancer biomarkers also confirmed Geitlerinema sp. CCC728 and Arthrospira sp. CCC729 as cancer drug resources. Apoptotic studies in the cells of A498 (cancer) and MCF-10A (normal human epithelial) exposed to crude extracts and TLC fractions revealed no significant impact on MCF-10A cells emphasizing its importance in the development of anticancer drug. Identification of biomolecules from these extracts are in progress.

  11. Primeiro registro de ocorrência do parasitóide Brasema sp. (hymenoptera: eupelmidae em ovos de Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas, 1852 (hemiptera: coreidae no Brasil First record of occurrence of the parasitoid Brasema sp. (hymenoptera: eupelmidae in eggs of Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas, 1852 (hemiptera: coreidae in Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Henrique Marchiori

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho registra a primeira ocorrência do parasitóide Brasema sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae parasitando ovos de Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae em cultivar de milho em Itumbiara, GO. A porcentagem de parasitismo foi de 4,8%. Brasema sp. constitue-se em ectoparasitóide de larvas de coleópteros e de outros hospedeiros no interior de tecidos de plantas.This work reports, for the first time, of parasitoid Brasema sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae parasitizinf eggs of Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae in maize cultivate in Itumbiara, GO, Brazil. The percentage of parasitizing was 4,8%. Brasema sp. constitutes ectoparasitoid of beetle larvae and other hosts concealed in plant tissue.

  12. Generalized hybrid Monte Carlo - CMFD methods for fission source convergence

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wolters, Emily R.; Larsen, Edward W.; Martin, William R.

    2011-01-01

    In this paper, we generalize the recently published 'CMFD-Accelerated Monte Carlo' method and present two new methods that reduce the statistical error in CMFD-Accelerated Monte Carlo. The CMFD-Accelerated Monte Carlo method uses Monte Carlo to estimate nonlinear functionals used in low-order CMFD equations for the eigenfunction and eigenvalue. The Monte Carlo fission source is then modified to match the resulting CMFD fission source in a 'feedback' procedure. The two proposed methods differ from CMFD-Accelerated Monte Carlo in the definition of the required nonlinear functionals, but they have identical CMFD equations. The proposed methods are compared with CMFD-Accelerated Monte Carlo on a high dominance ratio test problem. All hybrid methods converge the Monte Carlo fission source almost immediately, leading to a large reduction in the number of inactive cycles required. The proposed methods stabilize the fission source more efficiently than CMFD-Accelerated Monte Carlo, leading to a reduction in the number of active cycles required. Finally, as in CMFD-Accelerated Monte Carlo, the apparent variance of the eigenfunction is approximately equal to the real variance, so the real error is well-estimated from a single calculation. This is an advantage over standard Monte Carlo, in which the real error can be underestimated due to inter-cycle correlation. (author)

  13. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura de parasitos branquiais de Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 cultivados no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Scanning electron microscopy of the gill parasites of cultivated Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maurício Laterça Martins

    2000-05-01

    Full Text Available Foram coletados 15 exemplares de Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu, medindo em torno de 15 cm de comprimento padrão, de tanques do Centro de Aqüicultura da Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil. Os peixes foram mantidos em aquários de 350 litros para posterior sacrifício com MS-222. Os filamentos brânquiais foram fixados em glutaraldeído a 3% para a microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Foram observados espécimes de Trichodina sp (Ciliophora, Henneguya piaractus (Myxozoa, e Anacanthorus penilabiatus (Monogenea, atacando o epitélio branquial. Neste trabalho, foram reportados a morfologia externa dos parasitos e as alterações no epitélio branquial dos peixes parasitadosFifteen specimens of Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu, measuring 15 cm standard length, were collected from a fishpond at Aquaculture Center of Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. Fishes were maintained in 350 L aquariums for a further sacrifice with MS-222. For the Scanning Electron Microscopy, gill filaments were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde. Specimens of Trichodina sp (Ciliophora, Henneguya piaractus (Myxozoa and Anacanthorus penilabiatus (Monogenea attacking on the gill epithelium were observed. In the present paper, the external morphology of parasites and the alterations in the gill epithelium of parasitized fishes were reported

  14. RESENHA CRÍTICA - O BRASIL AFRICANO

    OpenAIRE

    Nery, Valéria

    2017-01-01

    Três mapas que proporcionam compreensões múltiplas e informações que transcendem tempo e espaço, que reúnem vidas, tradições e memórias, que nos levam a repensar os nossos conhecimentos sobre o Brasil e a África.

  15. Is Monte Carlo embarrassingly parallel?

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hoogenboom, J. E. [Delft Univ. of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft (Netherlands); Delft Nuclear Consultancy, IJsselzoom 2, 2902 LB Capelle aan den IJssel (Netherlands)

    2012-07-01

    Monte Carlo is often stated as being embarrassingly parallel. However, running a Monte Carlo calculation, especially a reactor criticality calculation, in parallel using tens of processors shows a serious limitation in speedup and the execution time may even increase beyond a certain number of processors. In this paper the main causes of the loss of efficiency when using many processors are analyzed using a simple Monte Carlo program for criticality. The basic mechanism for parallel execution is MPI. One of the bottlenecks turn out to be the rendez-vous points in the parallel calculation used for synchronization and exchange of data between processors. This happens at least at the end of each cycle for fission source generation in order to collect the full fission source distribution for the next cycle and to estimate the effective multiplication factor, which is not only part of the requested results, but also input to the next cycle for population control. Basic improvements to overcome this limitation are suggested and tested. Also other time losses in the parallel calculation are identified. Moreover, the threading mechanism, which allows the parallel execution of tasks based on shared memory using OpenMP, is analyzed in detail. Recommendations are given to get the maximum efficiency out of a parallel Monte Carlo calculation. (authors)

  16. Is Monte Carlo embarrassingly parallel?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hoogenboom, J. E.

    2012-01-01

    Monte Carlo is often stated as being embarrassingly parallel. However, running a Monte Carlo calculation, especially a reactor criticality calculation, in parallel using tens of processors shows a serious limitation in speedup and the execution time may even increase beyond a certain number of processors. In this paper the main causes of the loss of efficiency when using many processors are analyzed using a simple Monte Carlo program for criticality. The basic mechanism for parallel execution is MPI. One of the bottlenecks turn out to be the rendez-vous points in the parallel calculation used for synchronization and exchange of data between processors. This happens at least at the end of each cycle for fission source generation in order to collect the full fission source distribution for the next cycle and to estimate the effective multiplication factor, which is not only part of the requested results, but also input to the next cycle for population control. Basic improvements to overcome this limitation are suggested and tested. Also other time losses in the parallel calculation are identified. Moreover, the threading mechanism, which allows the parallel execution of tasks based on shared memory using OpenMP, is analyzed in detail. Recommendations are given to get the maximum efficiency out of a parallel Monte Carlo calculation. (authors)

  17. SINAIS DOS TEMPOS: IGREJA E SEITAS NO BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Fermando Carneiro de Andrade

    1991-01-01

    Full Text Available Entre os anos 1986-1987, o Instituto de Estudos da Religião (ISER, a pedido do Conselho Nacional de Igrejas Cristãs, desenvolveu um longo estudo acerca da Diversidade Religiosa no Brasil, com base num programa coordenado pela antropóloga Leilah Landim. As preocupações centrais que uniam os pesquisadores diziam respeito ao conhecimento do diversificado campo religioso brasileiro com especial ênfase às suas transformações recentes. Resumimos aqui o fruto dos diversos debates travados em torno a questões tais como: "como podem ser inventariadas e classificadas as diversas Igrejas, grupos, movimentos religiosos que compõem esse universo no Brasil hoje? Onde

  18. Segurança alimentar de suplementos comercializados no Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Silva,Luiz Fernando Miranda da; Ferreira,Karla Silva

    2014-01-01

    INTRODUÇÃO: A ingestão de suplementos deve ser seguro à saúde.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a segurança alimentar de suplementos dietéticos no Brasil.MÉTODOS: Os produtos foram pesquisados em 36 websites dos mais relevantes em venda de suplementos no Brasil. Para a verificação da situação legal dos produtos e seus fabricantes, consultou-se a legislação brasileira e o banco de dados do Ministério da Saúde.RESULTADOS: Identificou-se 3526 suplementos, sendo 63% comercializados para fins de emagrecimento e h...

  19. Crime e desorganização familiar no Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Costa, Daniel Souza

    2012-01-01

    O objetivo do trabalho é verificar empiricamente a influência da desorganização familiar nas taxas de homicídios dos municípios do Brasil. Com base na literatura clássica da economia do crime, a melhora no cenário econômico e social promoveria desincentivos à pratica de atividades ilícitas, reduzindo assim o crime. No entanto, o que se verificou na última década no Brasil foi o efeito inverso, devido ao aumento da criminalidade em várias regiões do país. Esse fenômeno abriu uma...

  20. O retrato do Brasil no jornal The New York Times

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Karina Fensterseifer

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available A forma como um país é retratado pelos meios de comunicação pode afetar a imagem do mesmo internacionalmente. Estereótipos podem ser formados e reforçados dependendo de como informações sobre o país são enquadradas pela mídia. Uma análise de conteúdo revelou que, em 2013, ao retratar o Brasil, o The New York Times cobriu temas como futebol e Copa do Mundo, política e governo, instabilidade social, crime e violência, economia e cultura. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que o Brasil foi retratado como o país do futebol, apaixonado por seus jogadores, mas violento e com grandes contrastes sociais. Ao cobrir apenas um número limitado de temas, ignorando outros, o The New York Times reforça antigos estereótipos e restringe as possibilidades do Brasil se apresentar ao mundo de forma diferente.

  1. Acknowledgment - Issue 64

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Executive Editor

    2016-11-01

    • Saúl Hiram Souto Fuentes (Universidad de Monterrey - UDEM, México Reviewers invited • Deborah Ribeiro Carvalho (Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Brasil • Fabiano Ferreira de Castro (Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCAR, Brasil • Isa Maria Freire (Universidade Federal de Paraiba - UFPB, Brasil • Luciano Antonio Digiampietri (Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Brasil • Maria Inês Tomaél (Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Brasil • Murilo Bastos da Cunha (Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasil • Orlando Corzo Cauracurí (Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM, Perú • Thais Batista Zaninelli (Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Brasil In the same way our acknowledge to University Library System (University of Pittsburgh - PITTS, USA by constant technical support and advice for our journal.

  2. Mean field simulation for Monte Carlo integration

    CERN Document Server

    Del Moral, Pierre

    2013-01-01

    In the last three decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of interacting particle methods as a powerful tool in real-world applications of Monte Carlo simulation in computational physics, population biology, computer sciences, and statistical machine learning. Ideally suited to parallel and distributed computation, these advanced particle algorithms include nonlinear interacting jump diffusions; quantum, diffusion, and resampled Monte Carlo methods; Feynman-Kac particle models; genetic and evolutionary algorithms; sequential Monte Carlo methods; adaptive and interacting Marko

  3. Superhard sp{sup 2}–sp{sup 3} hybrid carbon allotropes with tunable electronic properties

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hu, Meng; Ma, Mengdong; Zhao, Zhisheng; Yu, Dongli; He, Julong, E-mail: hjl@ysu.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004 (China)

    2016-05-15

    Four sp{sup 2}–sp{sup 3} hybrid carbon allotropes are proposed on the basis of first principles calculations. These four carbon allotropes are energetically more favorable than graphite under suitable pressure conditions. They can be assembled from graphite through intralayer wrinkling and interlayer buckling, which is similar to the formation of diamond from graphite. For one of the sp{sup 2}–sp{sup 3} hybrid carbon allotropes, mC24, the electron diffraction patterns match these of i-carbon, which is synthesized from shock-compressed graphite (H. Hirai and K. Kondo, Science, 1991, 253, 772). The allotropes exhibit tunable electronic characteristics from metallic to semiconductive with band gaps comparable to those of silicon allotropes. They are all superhard materials with Vickers hardness values comparable to that of cubic BN. The sp{sup 2}–sp{sup 3} hybrid carbon allotroes are promising materials for photovoltaic electronic devices, and abrasive and grinding tools.

  4. Variational Variance Reduction for Monte Carlo Criticality Calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Densmore, Jeffery D.; Larsen, Edward W.

    2001-01-01

    A new variational variance reduction (VVR) method for Monte Carlo criticality calculations was developed. This method employs (a) a variational functional that is more accurate than the standard direct functional, (b) a representation of the deterministically obtained adjoint flux that is especially accurate for optically thick problems with high scattering ratios, and (c) estimates of the forward flux obtained by Monte Carlo. The VVR method requires no nonanalog Monte Carlo biasing, but it may be used in conjunction with Monte Carlo biasing schemes. Some results are presented from a class of criticality calculations involving alternating arrays of fuel and moderator regions

  5. DISCUSSÕES SOBRE O CONCEITO DE ESCALA E OS MAPEAMENTOS DE SOLOS NO BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joildes Brasil dos Santos

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Os primeiros levantamentos de solos do Brasil datam da década de 50 até meados dos anos 80, graças às expedições lideradas projeto RadamBrasil o que cominou na carta de solos do Brasil. Posteriormente, estudos da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE incrementaram novas informações a esse mapeamento, e mais recentemente classificaram os solos nacionais segundo o Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS, 2009, na escala de 1:5.000.000. Haja vista as dimensões continentais do Brasil, essas representações, em pequenas escalas da distribuição dos solos, engendram num problema de generalização excessiva, que não contempla a realidade local. Neste sentido, este artigo terá como objetivo discutir questões referentes à escala e suas ambíguas conceituações, no tocante a abordagem escalar na Ciência Geográfica. Relacionado a isso, perscrutar a certa dos mapeamentos de solos atuais do Brasil, e como estes, a depender da escala, se apresentam de formas distintas.

  6. Monte Carlo Solutions for Blind Phase Noise Estimation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Çırpan Hakan

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper investigates the use of Monte Carlo sampling methods for phase noise estimation on additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN channels. The main contributions of the paper are (i the development of a Monte Carlo framework for phase noise estimation, with special attention to sequential importance sampling and Rao-Blackwellization, (ii the interpretation of existing Monte Carlo solutions within this generic framework, and (iii the derivation of a novel phase noise estimator. Contrary to the ad hoc phase noise estimators that have been proposed in the past, the estimators considered in this paper are derived from solid probabilistic and performance-determining arguments. Computer simulations demonstrate that, on one hand, the Monte Carlo phase noise estimators outperform the existing estimators and, on the other hand, our newly proposed solution exhibits a lower complexity than the existing Monte Carlo solutions.

  7. Carotid intima-media thickness in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil): a narrative review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Santos, Eduardo Henrique Sena; Santos Neto, Pedro José Dos; Santos, Itamar de Souza

    2018-01-01

    Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), as measured by ultrasound, has been used in large studies as a non-invasive marker for subclinical atherosclerosis. The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) is a cohort of 15,105 civil servants in six Brazilian cities that included CIMT evaluation in its baseline assessment. The aim of the present narrative review was to provide an overview of ELSA-Brasil CIMT articles published up to July 31, 2017. Narrative review of ELSA-Brasil CIMT studies using baseline assessment data. We searched PubMed for the terms "ELSA-Brasil" and "intima-media". This search yielded 21 published articles using CIMT data from the ELSA-Brasil baseline assessment, which were included in this review. We also present information about intima-media thickness assessment from ongoing onsite reevaluations of the study participants. Most published studies focused on the association with traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors. Studies also presented information about the ELSA-Brasil CIMT protocol at baseline and CIMT value distribution in this large sample. Analyses on the ELSA-Brasil data led to important insights on CIMT interpretation and physiology. Besides the highlighted contributions which have already been made in this field, new data gathered during the ongoing third onsite assessment will enable investigation of substantially new research questions.

  8. Monte Carlo based diffusion coefficients for LMFBR analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Van Rooijen, Willem F.G.; Takeda, Toshikazu; Hazama, Taira

    2010-01-01

    A method based on Monte Carlo calculations is developed to estimate the diffusion coefficient of unit cells. The method uses a geometrical model similar to that used in lattice theory, but does not use the assumption of a separable fundamental mode used in lattice theory. The method uses standard Monte Carlo flux and current tallies, and the continuous energy Monte Carlo code MVP was used without modifications. Four models are presented to derive the diffusion coefficient from tally results of flux and partial currents. In this paper the method is applied to the calculation of a plate cell of the fast-spectrum critical facility ZEBRA. Conventional calculations of the diffusion coefficient diverge in the presence of planar voids in the lattice, but our Monte Carlo method can treat this situation without any problem. The Monte Carlo method was used to investigate the influence of geometrical modeling as well as the directional dependence of the diffusion coefficient. The method can be used to estimate the diffusion coefficient of complicated unit cells, the limitation being the capabilities of the Monte Carlo code. The method will be used in the future to confirm results for the diffusion coefficient obtained of the Monte Carlo code. The method will be used in the future to confirm results for the diffusion coefficient obtained with deterministic codes. (author)

  9. Estados Unidos: do Iraque ao Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Virgílio Caixeta Arraes

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo busca analisar os recentes temas recorrentes na política externa norte-americana, caracterizada pela “guerra contra o terror”, e seus impactos para a agenda a ser discutida na vindoura visita do presidente dos Estados Unidos, Geoge W. Bush, ao Brasil.

  10. Bifidobacterium reuteri sp. nov., Bifidobacterium callitrichos sp. nov., Bifidobacterium saguini sp. nov., Bifidobacterium stellenboschense sp. nov. and Bifidobacterium biavatii sp. nov. isolated from faeces of common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and red-handed tamarin (Saguinus midas).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Endo, Akihito; Futagawa-Endo, Yuka; Schumann, Peter; Pukall, Rüdiger; Dicks, Leon M T

    2012-03-01

    Five strains of bifidobacteria were isolated from faeces of a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and a red-handed tamarin (Saguinus midas). The five isolates clustered inside the phylogenetic group of the genus Bifidobacterium but did not show high sequence similarities between the isolates and to known species in the genus by phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Sequence analyses of dnaJ1 and hsp60 also indicated their independent phylogenetic positions to each other in the Bifidobacterium cluster. DNA G+C contents of the species ranged from 57.3 to 66.3 mol%, which is within the values recorded for Bifidobacterium species. All isolates showed fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase activity. Based on the data provided, the five isolates represent five novel species, for which the names Bifidobacterium reuteri sp. nov. (type strain: AFB22-1(T) = JCM 17295(T) = DSM 23975(T)), Bifidobacterium callitrichos sp. nov. (type strain: AFB22-5(T) = JCM 17296(T) = DSM 23973(T)), Bifidobacterium saguini sp. nov. (type strain: AFB23-1(T) = JCM 17297(T) = DSM 23967(T)), Bifidobacterium stellenboschense sp. nov. (type strain: AFB23-3(T) = JCM 17298(T) = DSM 23968(T)) and Bifidobacterium biavatii sp. nov. (type strain: AFB23-4(T) = JCM 17299(T) = DSM 23969(T)) are proposed. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

  11. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of galvanized steel by Desulfovibrio sp. and Desulfosporosinus sp. in the presence of Ag–Cu ions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ilhan-Sungur, Esra, E-mail: esungur@istanbul.edu.tr [Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul (Turkey); Unsal-Istek, Tuba [Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul (Turkey); Cansever, Nurhan [Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Chemistry-Metallurgy, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, 34210 Esenler, Istanbul (Turkey)

    2015-07-15

    The effects of Ag–Cu ions on the microbiologically induced corrosion of galvanized steel in the presence of Desulfovibrio sp. and Desulfosporosinus sp. were investigated. The corrosion behavior of galvanized steel was analyzed by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The biofilm, corrosion products and Ag–Cu ions on the surfaces were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and elemental mapping. The biofilm layer formed by the Desulfovibrio sp. was stable covering the all surface of galvanized steel coupons, while that by Desulfosporosinus sp. was intermittent, highly porous and heterogeneous. It was found that both of the sulfate reducing bacteria species accelerated corrosion of the galvanized steel. However, it was detected that Desulfosporosinus sp. was more corrosive for galvanized steel than Desulfovibrio sp. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that Desulfovibrio sp. and Desulfosporosinus sp. in biofilm clustered into patches on the galvanized steel surface when the culture contained toxic Ag–Cu ions. The ions affected the growth of the sulfate reducing bacteria strains in different ways and hence the corrosion behaviors. It was observed that the Ag–Cu ions affected negatively growth of Desulfosporosinus sp. especially after 24 h of exposure leading to a decrease in the corrosion rate of galvanized steel. However, Desulfovibrio sp. showed more corrosive effect in the presence of the ions according to the ions-free culture. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry analysis showed that corrosion products on the surfaces were mainly composed of Zn, S, Na, O and P. - Highlights: • Galvanized steel was corroded by Desulfosporosinus sp. and Desulfovibrio sp. • Desulfosporosinus sp. is more corrosive than Desulfovibrio sp. • The Ag–Cu ions affected corrosion behavior of Desulfosporosinus sp. and Desulfovibrio sp. on galvanized steel.

  12. Microbiologically influenced corrosion of galvanized steel by Desulfovibrio sp. and Desulfosporosinus sp. in the presence of Ag–Cu ions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ilhan-Sungur, Esra; Unsal-Istek, Tuba; Cansever, Nurhan

    2015-01-01

    The effects of Ag–Cu ions on the microbiologically induced corrosion of galvanized steel in the presence of Desulfovibrio sp. and Desulfosporosinus sp. were investigated. The corrosion behavior of galvanized steel was analyzed by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The biofilm, corrosion products and Ag–Cu ions on the surfaces were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and elemental mapping. The biofilm layer formed by the Desulfovibrio sp. was stable covering the all surface of galvanized steel coupons, while that by Desulfosporosinus sp. was intermittent, highly porous and heterogeneous. It was found that both of the sulfate reducing bacteria species accelerated corrosion of the galvanized steel. However, it was detected that Desulfosporosinus sp. was more corrosive for galvanized steel than Desulfovibrio sp. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that Desulfovibrio sp. and Desulfosporosinus sp. in biofilm clustered into patches on the galvanized steel surface when the culture contained toxic Ag–Cu ions. The ions affected the growth of the sulfate reducing bacteria strains in different ways and hence the corrosion behaviors. It was observed that the Ag–Cu ions affected negatively growth of Desulfosporosinus sp. especially after 24 h of exposure leading to a decrease in the corrosion rate of galvanized steel. However, Desulfovibrio sp. showed more corrosive effect in the presence of the ions according to the ions-free culture. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry analysis showed that corrosion products on the surfaces were mainly composed of Zn, S, Na, O and P. - Highlights: • Galvanized steel was corroded by Desulfosporosinus sp. and Desulfovibrio sp. • Desulfosporosinus sp. is more corrosive than Desulfovibrio sp. • The Ag–Cu ions affected corrosion behavior of Desulfosporosinus sp. and Desulfovibrio sp. on galvanized steel

  13. Analysis list: SP2 [Chip-atlas[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available SP2 Blood,Liver,Pluripotent stem cell + hg19 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyus...hu-u/hg19/target/SP2.1.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/SP2.5.tsv http://dbarchive....biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/SP2.10.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/SP2.Blood.tsv,http:...//dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/SP2.Liver.tsv,http:...//dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/SP2.Pluripotent_stem_cell.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc

  14. The human luteinizing hormone receptor gene promoter: activation by Sp1 and Sp3 and inhibitory regulation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Geng, Y; Tsai-Morris, C H; Zhang, Y; Dufau, M L

    1999-09-24

    To understand the transcriptional mechanism(s) of human LH receptor (LHR) gene expression, we have identified the dominant functional cis-elements that regulate the activity of the promoter domain (-1 to -176 bp from ATG). Mutagenesis demonstrated that the promoter activity was dependent on two Sp1 domains (-79 bp, -120 bp) in a transformed normal placental cell (PLC) and the choriocarcinoma JAR cell. Both elements interacted with endogenous Sp1 and Sp3 factors but not with Sp2 or Sp4. In Drosophila SL2 cells, the promoter was activated by either Sp1 or Sp3. An ERE half-site (EREhs) at -174 bp was inhibitory (by 100%), but was unresponsive to estradiol and did not bind the estrogen receptor or orphan receptors ERR1 and SF-1. The 5' upstream sequence (-177 to -2056 bp) inhibited promoter activity in PLC by 60%, but only minimally in JAR cells. Activation of the human LHR promoter through Sp1/3 factors is negatively regulated through EREhs and upstream sequences to exert control of gene expression. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.

  15. Computer system for Monte Carlo experimentation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Grier, D.A.

    1986-01-01

    A new computer system for Monte Carlo Experimentation is presented. The new system speeds and simplifies the process of coding and preparing a Monte Carlo Experiment; it also encourages the proper design of Monte Carlo Experiments, and the careful analysis of the experimental results. A new functional language is the core of this system. Monte Carlo Experiments, and their experimental designs, are programmed in this new language; those programs are compiled into Fortran output. The Fortran output is then compiled and executed. The experimental results are analyzed with a standard statistics package such as Si, Isp, or Minitab or with a user-supplied program. Both the experimental results and the experimental design may be directly loaded into the workspace of those packages. The new functional language frees programmers from many of the details of programming an experiment. Experimental designs such as factorial, fractional factorial, or latin square are easily described by the control structures and expressions of the language. Specific mathematical modes are generated by the routines of the language

  16. Rhodotorula bloemfonteinensis sp. nov., Rhodotorula eucalyptica sp. nov., Rhodotorula orientis sp. nov. and Rhodotorula pini sp. nov., yeasts isolated from monoterpene-rich environments.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pohl, Carolina H; Smit, Martha S; Albertyn, Jacobus

    2011-09-01

    Recent rDNA sequencing of 25 isolates from a previous study, during which limonene-utilizing yeasts were isolated from monoterpene-rich environments by using 1,4-disubstituted cyclohexanes as sole carbon sources, led to the identification of four hitherto unknown Rhodotorula species. Analyses of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 region as well as the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) domain indicated that two isolates (CBS 8499(T) and CBS 10736) were identical and were closely related to Rhodotorula cycloclastica, a previously described limonene-utilizing yeast. These novel isolates differed from known yeast species and could be distinguished from R. cycloclastica by standard physiological tests. The other three isolates represent three novel Rhodotorula species, closely related to Sporobolomyces magnisporus. These three species could also be distinguished from other Rhodotorula species by standard physiological tests. Based on these results, we suggest that the new isolates represent novel species, for which the names Rhodotorula eucalyptica sp. nov. (type strain CBS 8499(T)  = NRRL Y-48408(T)), Rhodotorula pini sp. nov. (type strain CBS 10735(T)  = NRRL Y-48410(T)), Rhodotorula bloemfonteinensis sp. nov. (type strain CBS 8598(T)  = NRRL Y-48407(T)) and Rhodotorula orientis sp. nov. (type strain CBS 8594(T)  = NRRL Y-48719(T)) are proposed. R. eucalyptica and R. pini can also utilize limonene.

  17. Duas novas espécies de Alera Mabille (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae Two new species of Alera Mabile (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olaf H. H. Mielke

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available Alera romeroi sp. nov. da Venezuela (Aragua: Maracay e Alera manu sp. nov. do Brasil (Acre, Bujari e Peru (Madre de Dios, Parque Nacional del Manu são descritas e ilustradas.Alera romeroi sp. nov. from Venezuela (Aragua: Maracay and Alera manu sp. nov. from Brazil (Acre, Bujari and Peru (Madre de Dios: Parque Nacional del Manu are described and illustrated.

  18. Cerambycidae (Coleoptera do estado do Maranhão, Brasil: III

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ubirajara R. Martins

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Oitenta e quatro espécies são registradas para o Estado do Maranhão: Prioninae (uma, Disteniinae (uma, Cerambycinae (49 e Lamiinae (33. O número total de espécies assinaladas para o Estado eleva-se a 367. Nove novas espécies são descritas em Cerambycinae: Chlorida inexpectata sp. nov. (Bothriospilini; Jupoata germana sp. nov. (Cerambycini; Eburodacrys separatus sp. nov. e Eburodacrys cincora sp. nov. (Eburiini; Ectenessa affinis sp. nov. (Ectenessini; Minibidion bicolor sp. nov. (Ibidionini, Tropidiina; Compsibidion maculatum sp. nov. e Compsibidion ytu sp. nov. (Ibidionini,Ibidionina; Ideratus beatus sp. nov. (Ideratini. Três espécies são descritas em Lamiinae: Aerenea gibba sp. nov. (Compsosomatini; Mimasyngenes barbozai sp. nov. (Desmiphorini; Cacostola exilis sp. nov. (Onciderini. Uma variação no colorido de Adesmus paradiana Galileo & Martins, 2004 é observada. Corrigenda de Piruana pulchra Martins et al., 2009 para Piruauna pulchra (Desmiphorini.

  19. Detection of Salmonella sp., Vibrio sp. and total plate count bacteria on blood cockle (Anadara granosa)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ekawati, ER; Yusmiati, S. N. H.

    2018-01-01

    Blood cockle (Anadara granosa) has high level of zinc and protein, which is beneficial for therapeutic function for malnourished particularly stunting case in children. Zinc in animal foods is more absorbable than that from vegetable food. Blood cockle (Anadara granosa) is rich in nutrient and an excellent environment for the growth of microorganisms. This research aimed to identify the contamination of Salmonella sp., Vibrio sp. and total plate count bacteria on blood cockle (Anadara granosa). This was observation research with laboratory analysis. Salmonella sp. and Vibrio sp. were detected from blood cockle. Total plate count was determine of the total amount of the bacteria. Results detected from 20 samples of blood cockle showed that all samples were negative of Salmonella sp. and 1 sample positive Vibrio sp. The result of total plate count bacteria was < 5 x 105 colony/g sample.

  20. Random Numbers and Monte Carlo Methods

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scherer, Philipp O. J.

    Many-body problems often involve the calculation of integrals of very high dimension which cannot be treated by standard methods. For the calculation of thermodynamic averages Monte Carlo methods are very useful which sample the integration volume at randomly chosen points. After summarizing some basic statistics, we discuss algorithms for the generation of pseudo-random numbers with given probability distribution which are essential for all Monte Carlo methods. We show how the efficiency of Monte Carlo integration can be improved by sampling preferentially the important configurations. Finally the famous Metropolis algorithm is applied to classical many-particle systems. Computer experiments visualize the central limit theorem and apply the Metropolis method to the traveling salesman problem.

  1. LCG Monte-Carlo Data Base

    CERN Document Server

    Bartalini, P.; Kryukov, A.; Selyuzhenkov, Ilya V.; Sherstnev, A.; Vologdin, A.

    2004-01-01

    We present the Monte-Carlo events Data Base (MCDB) project and its development plans. MCDB facilitates communication between authors of Monte-Carlo generators and experimental users. It also provides a convenient book-keeping and an easy access to generator level samples. The first release of MCDB is now operational for the CMS collaboration. In this paper we review the main ideas behind MCDB and discuss future plans to develop this Data Base further within the CERN LCG framework.

  2. Parasitas zoonóticos em fezes de cães em praças públicas do município de Itabuna, Bahia, Brasil Zoonotic parasites in dog feces at public squares in the municipality of Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro C. Campos Filho

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Avaliou-se a contaminação de praças públicas da área urbana do município de Itabuna, BA, Brasil, por parasitos zoonóticos presentes em fezes de cães. Foram coletadas 119 amostras fecais de cães em 10 praças. Logo após, estas fezes foram encaminhadas ao Laboratório de Parasitologia da UESC e analisadas pelo método de Mariano e Carvalho. Do total das amostras analisadas, 56,3% continham alguma forma evolutiva parasitária, sendo o parasita mais freqüente Ancylostoma sp. com 47,9%, seguido por 6,7% de Strongyloides stercortalis, 4,2% tanto para ovos de Toxocara canis quanto de Trichuris vulpis, 2,5% para cistos de Endolimax nana, e 0,8% tanto para cistos de Giardia intestinalis quanto para os de Entamoeba coli.The contamination of public squares by zoonotic potential parasites was evaluated at the urban areas in the municipality of Itabuna Brasil. For such, 119 fecal samples of dogs were collected at 10 public squares. After that, these feces samples were transported to the Parasitology Laboratory in the UESC and they were analyzed by Mariano and Carvalho's method. Of the total analized samples, 56.3% show some parasitic evolutive form. Ancylostoma sp. was the most frequently (47.9%, followed by Strongyloides stercortalis (6.7%, Toxocara canis and Trichuris vulpis eggs (4.2% each, Endolimax nana cysts (2.5%, and Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba coli cysts (0.8% each.

  3. Alternative implementations of the Monte Carlo power method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Blomquist, R.N.; Gelbard, E.M.

    2002-01-01

    We compare nominal efficiencies, i.e. variances in power shapes for equal running time, of different versions of the Monte Carlo eigenvalue computation, as applied to criticality safety analysis calculations. The two main methods considered here are ''conventional'' Monte Carlo and the superhistory method, and both are used in criticality safety codes. Within each of these major methods, different variants are available for the main steps of the basic Monte Carlo algorithm. Thus, for example, different treatments of the fission process may vary in the extent to which they follow, in analog fashion, the details of real-world fission, or may vary in details of the methods by which they choose next-generation source sites. In general the same options are available in both the superhistory method and conventional Monte Carlo, but there seems not to have been much examination of the special properties of the two major methods and their minor variants. We find, first, that the superhistory method is just as efficient as conventional Monte Carlo and, secondly, that use of different variants of the basic algorithms may, in special cases, have a surprisingly large effect on Monte Carlo computational efficiency

  4. Aspectos do realismo-naturalismo no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Aderaldo Castello

    1953-06-01

    Full Text Available (Primeiro Parágrafo do Artigo Silvio Romero, no opúsculo O naturalismo em literatura, publicado em 1882, um ano depois de O mulato de Aluísio Azevedo, reivindica, para si a glória de ter sido o introdutor das idéias naturalistas no Brasil.

  5. Surfactant protein A (SP-A)-mediated clearance of Staphylococcus aureus involves binding of SP-A to the staphylococcal adhesin eap and the macrophage receptors SP-A receptor 210 and scavenger receptor class A.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sever-Chroneos, Zvjezdana; Krupa, Agnieszka; Davis, Jeremy; Hasan, Misbah; Yang, Ching-Hui; Szeliga, Jacek; Herrmann, Mathias; Hussain, Muzafar; Geisbrecht, Brian V; Kobzik, Lester; Chroneos, Zissis C

    2011-02-11

    Staphylococcus aureus causes life-threatening pneumonia in hospitals and deadly superinfection during viral influenza. The current study investigated the role of surfactant protein A (SP-A) in opsonization and clearance of S. aureus. Previous studies showed that SP-A mediates phagocytosis via the SP-A receptor 210 (SP-R210). Here, we show that SP-R210 mediates binding and control of SP-A-opsonized S. aureus by macrophages. We determined that SP-A binds S. aureus through the extracellular adhesin Eap. Consequently, SP-A enhanced macrophage uptake of Eap-expressing (Eap(+)) but not Eap-deficient (Eap(-)) S. aureus. In a reciprocal fashion, SP-A failed to enhance uptake of Eap(+) S. aureus in peritoneal Raw264.7 macrophages with a dominant negative mutation (SP-R210(DN)) blocking surface expression of SP-R210. Accordingly, WT mice cleared infection with Eap(+) but succumbed to sublethal infection with Eap- S. aureus. However, SP-R210(DN) cells compensated by increasing non-opsonic phagocytosis of Eap(+) S. aureus via the scavenger receptor scavenger receptor class A (SR-A), while non-opsonic uptake of Eap(-) S. aureus was impaired. Macrophages express two isoforms: SP-R210(L) and SP-R210(S). The results show that WT alveolar macrophages are distinguished by expression of SP-R210(L), whereas SR-A(-/-) alveolar macrophages are deficient in SP-R210(L) expressing only SP-R210(S). Accordingly, SR-A(-/-) mice were highly susceptible to both Eap(+) and Eap(-) S. aureus. The lungs of susceptible mice generated abnormal inflammatory responses that were associated with impaired killing and persistence of S. aureus infection in the lung. In conclusion, alveolar macrophage SP-R210(L) mediates recognition and killing of SP-A-opsonized S. aureus in vivo, coordinating inflammatory responses and resolution of S. aureus pneumonia through interaction with SR-A.

  6. Igo - A Monte Carlo Code For Radiotherapy Planning

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goldstein, M.; Regev, D.

    1999-01-01

    The goal of radiation therapy is to deliver a lethal dose to the tumor, while minimizing the dose to normal tissues and vital organs. To carry out this task, it is critical to calculate correctly the 3-D dose delivered. Monte Carlo transport methods (especially the Adjoint Monte Carlo have the potential to provide more accurate predictions of the 3-D dose the currently used methods. IG0 is a Monte Carlo code derived from the general Monte Carlo Program - MCNP, tailored specifically for calculating the effects of radiation therapy. This paper describes the IG0 transport code, the PIG0 interface and some preliminary results

  7. Monte Carlo techniques for analyzing deep-penetration problems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cramer, S.N.; Gonnord, J.; Hendricks, J.S.

    1986-01-01

    Current methods and difficulties in Monte Carlo deep-penetration calculations are reviewed, including statistical uncertainty and recent adjoint optimization of splitting, Russian roulette, and exponential transformation biasing. Other aspects of the random walk and estimation processes are covered, including the relatively new DXANG angular biasing technique. Specific items summarized are albedo scattering, Monte Carlo coupling techniques with discrete ordinates and other methods, adjoint solutions, and multigroup Monte Carlo. The topic of code-generated biasing parameters is presented, including the creation of adjoint importance functions from forward calculations. Finally, current and future work in the area of computer learning and artificial intelligence is discussed in connection with Monte Carlo applications

  8. Odd-flavor Simulations by the Hybrid Monte Carlo

    CERN Document Server

    Takaishi, Tetsuya; Takaishi, Tetsuya; De Forcrand, Philippe

    2001-01-01

    The standard hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm is known to simulate even flavors QCD only. Simulations of odd flavors QCD, however, can be also performed in the framework of the hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm where the inverse of the fermion matrix is approximated by a polynomial. In this exploratory study we perform three flavors QCD simulations. We make a comparison of the hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm and the R-algorithm which also simulates odd flavors systems but has step-size errors. We find that results from our hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm are in agreement with those from the R-algorithm obtained at very small step-size.

  9. Quantum Monte Carlo approaches for correlated systems

    CERN Document Server

    Becca, Federico

    2017-01-01

    Over the past several decades, computational approaches to studying strongly-interacting systems have become increasingly varied and sophisticated. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to state-of-the-art quantum Monte Carlo techniques relevant for applications in correlated systems. Providing a clear overview of variational wave functions, and featuring a detailed presentation of stochastic samplings including Markov chains and Langevin dynamics, which are developed into a discussion of Monte Carlo methods. The variational technique is described, from foundations to a detailed description of its algorithms. Further topics discussed include optimisation techniques, real-time dynamics and projection methods, including Green's function, reptation and auxiliary-field Monte Carlo, from basic definitions to advanced algorithms for efficient codes, and the book concludes with recent developments on the continuum space. Quantum Monte Carlo Approaches for Correlated Systems provides an extensive reference ...

  10. Non statistical Monte-Carlo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mercier, B.

    1985-04-01

    We have shown that the transport equation can be solved with particles, like the Monte-Carlo method, but without random numbers. In the Monte-Carlo method, particles are created from the source, and are followed from collision to collision until either they are absorbed or they leave the spatial domain. In our method, particles are created from the original source, with a variable weight taking into account both collision and absorption. These particles are followed until they leave the spatial domain, and we use them to determine a first collision source. Another set of particles is then created from this first collision source, and tracked to determine a second collision source, and so on. This process introduces an approximation which does not exist in the Monte-Carlo method. However, we have analyzed the effect of this approximation, and shown that it can be limited. Our method is deterministic, gives reproducible results. Furthermore, when extra accuracy is needed in some region, it is easier to get more particles to go there. It has the same kind of applications: rather problems where streaming is dominant than collision dominated problems

  11. Track 4: basic nuclear science variance reduction for Monte Carlo criticality simulations. 6. Variational Variance Reduction for Monte Carlo Criticality Calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Densmore, Jeffery D.; Larsen, Edward W.

    2001-01-01

    Recently, it has been shown that the figure of merit (FOM) of Monte Carlo source-detector problems can be enhanced by using a variational rather than a direct functional to estimate the detector response. The direct functional, which is traditionally employed in Monte Carlo simulations, requires an estimate of the solution of the forward problem within the detector region. The variational functional is theoretically more accurate than the direct functional, but it requires estimates of the solutions of the forward and adjoint source-detector problems over the entire phase-space of the problem. In recent work, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations using the variational functional by (a) approximating the adjoint solution deterministically and representing this solution as a function in phase-space and (b) estimating the forward solution using Monte Carlo. We have called this general procedure variational variance reduction (VVR). The VVR method is more computationally expensive per history than traditional Monte Carlo because extra information must be tallied and processed. However, the variational functional yields a more accurate estimate of the detector response. Our simulations have shown that the VVR reduction in variance usually outweighs the increase in cost, resulting in an increased FOM. In recent work on source-detector problems, we have calculated the adjoint solution deterministically and represented this solution as a linear-in-angle, histogram-in-space function. This procedure has several advantages over previous implementations: (a) it requires much less adjoint information to be stored and (b) it is highly efficient for diffusive problems, due to the accurate linear-in-angle representation of the adjoint solution. (Traditional variance-reduction methods perform poorly for diffusive problems.) Here, we extend this VVR method to Monte Carlo criticality calculations, which are often diffusive and difficult for traditional variance-reduction methods

  12. Cr(VI) reduction from contaminated soils by Aspergillus sp. N2 and Penicillium sp. N3 isolated from chromium deposits.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fukuda, Tsubasa; Ishino, Yasuhiro; Ogawa, Akane; Tsutsumi, Kadzuyo; Morita, Hiroshi

    2008-10-01

    Aspergillus sp. N2 and Penicillium sp. N3 are chromate-resistant filamentous fungi that were isolated from Cr(VI) contaminated soil based on their ability to decrease hexavalent chromium levels in the growth medium. After 120 h of growth in a medium containing 50 ppm Cr(VI) at near neutral pH, Aspergillus sp. N2 reduced the Cr(VI) concentration by about 75%. Penicillium sp. N3 was able to reduce the Cr(VI) concentration by only 35%. However, Penicillium sp. N3 reduced the Cr(VI) concentration in the medium by 93% under acidic conditions. Interestingly, the presence of Cu(II) enhanced the Cr(VI) reducing ability of Aspergillus sp. N2 and Penicillium sp. N3 at near neutral pH. Aspergillus sp. N2 and Penicillium sp. N3 reduced the Cr(VI) concentration in the growth medium to a virtually undetectable level within 120 h. For both Aspergillus sp. N2 and Penicillium sp. N3, mycelial seed cultures were more efficient at Cr(VI) reduction than conidium seed cultures. The mechanisms of Cr(VI) reduction in Aspergillus sp. N2 and Penicillium sp. N3 were enzymatic reduction and sorption to mycelia. Enzymatic activity contributed significantly to Cr(VI) reduction. Aspergillus sp. N2 and Penicillium sp. N3 reduced the levels of Cr(VI) in polluted soil samples, suggesting that these strains might be useful for cleaning up chromium-contaminated sites.

  13. A editora portuguesa Livros do Brasil e suas obras eróticas na ditadura militar brasileira

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Reimao

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Há no Arquivo Nacional cinco pareceres, datados de 1977, do Serviço de Censura de Diversões Públicas, orgão do Ministério da Justiça do Brasil, indicando o veto a cinco livros eróticos publicados pela editora portuguesa Livros do Brasil. Visando elaborar uma compreensãso contextualizada destes pareceres, esse estudo aborda inicialmente a história da editora Livros do Brasil e seu perfil editorial; a seguir, busca caracterizar as edições eróticas desta editora vetadas no Brasil, e, por fim, discute e analisa especificidades dos pareceres censórios brasileiros e de suas articulações argumentativas.

  14. Penggunaan Jamur Antagonis Trichoderma SP. Dan Gliocladium SP. Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Layu Fusarium Pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium Ascalonicum L.)

    OpenAIRE

    Arie Ramadhina, Arie Ramadhina; Lisnawita, Lisnawita; Lubis, Lahmuddin

    2013-01-01

    The use of antagonism fungus of Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp. for controlling wilt(Fusarium oxysporum) in red onion plants. The aim of the research was to know the effectiviness ofantagonism fungus of Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp. in controlling wilt in red onion plants.The research used non-factorial RAK (random group design) with eight treatments: control, 10grams of F. oxysporum, 12 grams of Trichoderma sp., 18 grams of Trichoderma sp., 24 grams ofTrichoderma sp., and 12 grams ...

  15. Epidemiology of bacterial meningitis among children in Brazil, 1997-1998 Epidemiologia de meningites bacterianas entre crianças no Brasil, 1997 a 1998

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Débora PL Weiss

    2001-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To document the incidence and the descriptive epidemiology of bacterial meningitis among individuals under age 20 in a geographically defined region in Brazil during the two-year period immediately preceding the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib vaccines into the national immunization program of Brazil. METHODS: Population-based epidemiological study of all cases of bacterial meningitis reported among residents of Campinas, Brazil, under age 20 (n=316,570 during the period of 1997-98, using comprehensive surveillance records compiled by the Campinas Health Department from cases reported among hospital inpatients, outpatients, emergency room visits, death certificates, and autopsy reports. RESULTS: The incidence of bacterial meningitis (n=274 was 334.9, 115 and 43.5 cases/10(5 person-years (pys for residents of Campinas under age 1, 5 and 20, respectively. All cases were hospitalized, with an average length of stay of 12 days. Documented prior antibiotic use was 4.0%. The case-fatality rate of bacterial meningitis in individuals under age 20 was 9% (24/274 with 75% of deaths occurring in children under the age of five. The incidence of Hib meningitis (n=26 was 62.8 and 17 cases/10(5 pys in children age OBJETIVO: Documentar a incidência e a epidemiologia descritiva de meningites bacterianas entre pessoas com idade inferior a 20 anos em uma região geográfica definida do Brasil. O período foi de dois anos, imediatamente anterior à introdução da vacina contra Haemophilus influenzae tipo b (Hib, no Programa Nacional de Imunização do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico populacional dos casos de meningites bacterianas notificados entre residentes em Campinas, SP, Brasil, com idade inferior a 20 anos (n=316.570, entre 1997 e 1998. Baseia-se em dados de notificação da vigilância epidemiológica da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campinas, relatados entre casos provenientes de pacientes hospitalizados

  16. Logística reversa dos pneus usados no Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Lagarinhos,Carlos A. F.; Tenório,Jorge A. S.

    2013-01-01

    Após a aprovação da Resolução CONAMA (Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente) nº 258/99, ocorreu um avanço significativo na reciclagem de pneus no Brasil, com o desenvolvimento de tecnologias para reutilização, reciclagem e valorização energética. Em 2009, foi aprovada a Resolução CONAMA nº 416/09 que muda a forma de cálculo para a reciclagem, de pneus produzidos para venda no mercado de reposição. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar a logística reversa dos pneus usados no Brasil e c...

  17. Cuerpas Gordas: Gordofobia, Feminismo y Activismo de la Gordura en Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Luna Montalbetti, Cynthia Jazmin

    2017-01-01

    Metadados do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso: CUERPAS GORDAS: Gordofobia, Feminismo y Activismo de la Gordura en Brasil, pela/o discente: Cynthia Jazmin Luna Montalbetti do Centro de Integração e Relações Internacionais, curso de Ciência Política - Sociologia da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), no Repositório Institucional da UNILA (RI-UNILA) Cuerpas Gordas: Gordofobia, Feminismo y Activismo de la Gordura en Brasil

  18. Carlos Jansen e a vulgarização literária para a mocidade

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lia Araujo Miranda Lima

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2015v35n2p102 Neste artigo, estudamos as traduções de Carlos Jansen para a mocidade – faixa etária que corresponde aproximadamente aos conceitos contemporâneos de pré-adolescência e adolescência –, realizadas em fins do século XIX. Jansen foi pioneiro ao traduzir, em português brasileiro, obras para a juventude, entre as quais romances de Swift, Defoe e Cervantes. Suas versões, amplamente adaptadas, tinham finalidade pedagógica, servindo como material de leitura para crianças e jovens que frequentavam as escolas – daí ter sido qualificado por críticos da época como vulgarizador. A pesquisa compreendeu a análise de periódicos publicados entre 1880 e 1899, disponíveis na Hemeroteca Digital Brasileira, da Biblioteca Nacional, que fornecem dados sobre a divulgação e a recepção de suas obras. Propomos enriquecer as pesquisas históricas sobre a literatura infantil e juvenil no Brasil e avaliar em que medida o projeto pedagógico de Jansen regeu suas práticas tradutórias.

  19. A imagem do Brasil no discurso do New York Times. Aspectos sociais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Inez Mateus Dota

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Este texto presenta un análisis de las noticias publicadas en el periódico The New York Times, versión digital, entre los meses de enero y junio de 2004. Al relacionarlas con los aspectos sociales del Brasil se intenta ver cuál es la imagen que ese periódico muestra del Brasil. El artículo adopta como fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos el análisis del discurso, principalmente las contribuiciones de Bell (1991, Fairclough (1995 y 2001, Fowler (1991 y Sousa (2004, discute las estrategias discursivas usadas para representar al Brasil y examina qué elementos escoge y los recursos de lenguaje que son empleados para la producción de los textos analizados.

  20. Monte Carlo techniques for analyzing deep penetration problems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cramer, S.N.; Gonnord, J.; Hendricks, J.S.

    1985-01-01

    A review of current methods and difficulties in Monte Carlo deep-penetration calculations is presented. Statistical uncertainty is discussed, and recent adjoint optimization of splitting, Russian roulette, and exponential transformation biasing is reviewed. Other aspects of the random walk and estimation processes are covered, including the relatively new DXANG angular biasing technique. Specific items summarized are albedo scattering, Monte Carlo coupling techniques with discrete ordinates and other methods, adjoint solutions, and multi-group Monte Carlo. The topic of code-generated biasing parameters is presented, including the creation of adjoint importance functions from forward calculations. Finally, current and future work in the area of computer learning and artificial intelligence is discussed in connection with Monte Carlo applications

  1. Monte Carlo techniques for analyzing deep penetration problems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cramer, S.N.; Gonnord, J.; Hendricks, J.S.

    1985-01-01

    A review of current methods and difficulties in Monte Carlo deep-penetration calculations is presented. Statistical uncertainty is discussed, and recent adjoint optimization of splitting, Russian roulette, and exponential transformation biasing is reviewed. Other aspects of the random walk and estimation processes are covered, including the relatively new DXANG angular biasing technique. Specific items summarized are albedo scattering, Monte Carlo coupling techniques with discrete ordinates and other methods, adjoint solutions, and multi-group Monte Carlo. The topic of code-generated biasing parameters is presented, including the creation of adjoint importance functions from forward calculations. Finally, current and future work in the area of computer learning and artificial intelligence is discussed in connection with Monte Carlo applications. 29 refs

  2. Penggunaan Streptomyces sp. Sebagai Biokontrol Penyakit Layu Pada Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L. yang Disebabkan Oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANINDA OKTAVIA RAHARINI

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available A research has been conducted to find out Streptomyces bacteria at Bukit Jimbaran, to inhibitionpotency of Streptomyces sp. to pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici, and to find outantifungal activity of Streptomyces filtrate to F.oxysporum f.sp. capsici in chili (Capsicum annuumL. plants. Streptomyces sp. isolation was done by platting method with selective media YMA (ISP4.Identification of Streptomyces sp. used Bergey’s book entitled Manual Determinative Bacteriology.Test inhibition against F.oxysporum f.sp. capsici and in vivo test used by dying the roots of the chili(C.annuum L. plant with F.oxysporum f.sp. capsici and after 30 seconds the roots were dying withStreptomyces sp. culture, furthermore sterile soil on polybag watered by F.oxysporum f.sp. capsicispore and Streptomyces sp. culture at the same time. The result found five isolates Streptomyces sp.with different morphological. The antagonis test showed Streptomyces sp. 4 had ability (82% againstFusarium, Streptomyces sp.1 (72%, Streptomyces sp.2 (64%, Streptomyces sp.3 (76%, andStreptomyces sp. 5 (32%. All Streptomyces suppressed the growth of Fusarium on chili plants inglass house (p<0,05. Streptomyces sp.4 suppressed Fusarium wilt disease in chili from 80% in controlto 8%.

  3. Análise dos co-movimentos entre os mercados de capitais do Brasil e dos EUA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Reed Bergmann

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo, a teoria de cópulas é utilizada para analisar os co-movimentos entre os mercados de capitais do Brasil e dos EUA. Na finalidade de implementação de uma estratégia de alocação de ativos é importante entender os eventos extremos - tanto os positivos (boom como os negativos (crashes - e seus efeitos sobre os mercados. Os índices de mercado usados são o IBOVESPA e o S&P 500 cobrindo o período de 03/2001 a 04/2007. A aderência aos log-retornos das principais cópulas encontradas na literatura financeira é avaliada. Os seguintes critérios foram escolhidos: o Log-likelihod, o critério de informação de Akaike e o critério de informação bayesiano. Os resultados mostram que a cópula de Joe-Clayton simetrizada é a mais adequada para modelar a estrutura de dependência entre os log-retornos do IBOVESPA e os do S&P500. Este trabalho difere de alguns estudos já realizados [e.g. Mendes e Moretti(2005 e Canela e Collazo(2005], pois leva em consideração a modelagem de cópulas dinâmicas introduzida por Patton (2006. Finalmente, através dos índices de dependência caudal ao longo do tempo, pode-se concluir que a ocorrência de eventos extremos negativos (crashes no mercado norte americano tende a afetar mais o mercado brasileiro quando da comparação da ocorrência dos eventos extremos positivos (booms.

  4. LAS INCUBADORAS UNIVERSITARIAS DE ECONOMÍA SOLIDARIA EN BRASIL - UN ESTUDIO DE CASOS / THE UNIVERSITY INCUBATORS OF SOLIDARITY ECONOMY IN BRAZIL – A CASE STUDY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ioshiaqui SHIMBO

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available La Economía Solidaria es un término que designa un movimiento social que viene creciendo en Brasil durante los últimos 15 años e incluye un gran conjunto de actores socioeconómicos. En él se generan alternativas de inserción productiva para colectivos socialmente desfavorecidos, pero sus objetivos no son solamente los cambios económicos, sino la promoción de cambios socioculturales hacia una sociedad más igualitaria y solidaria. Para apoyar y fortalecer la economía solidaria se crearon desde algunas universidades brasileñas las Incubadoras de Cooperativas Populares. En el presente estudio se analiza la trayectoria de la Incubadora Regional de Cooperativas Populares de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos, situada en el Estado de São Paulo (Brasil, como estructura que conjuga la investigación, la docencia y la extensión universitaria dirigidas hacia los procesos de incubación de emprendimientos solidarios. Aplicando el estudio de casos se sistematizan los avances conceptuales y metodológicos que se relacionan con las dificultades encontradas por estos emprendimientos para su consolidación y la creación de redes de iniciativas económicas solidarias en el territorio estudiado. El examen de este proceso ayudó a identificar y discutir estrategias para el progreso de los argumentos conceptuales, de la metodología de asesoramiento y para la aplicación a otras iniciativas similares. / The Solidarity Economy is a social movement who is growing up in the last 15 years in Brazil and it includes a very big group of socioeconomic actors. This movement improves alternatives of productive insertion to disadvantage groups of population. However its objectives are not only the economic changes, but the promotion of social and cultural changes toward a more equal and solidarity society. To support and strengthen the solidarity economy, the Popular Cooperatives Incubators had been created in some Brazilian Universities. In this study we

  5. Guide til gode spørgeskemaer

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Olsen, Henning

    Spørgeskemaundersøgelser bliver ofte brugt til at dokumentere forskellige forhold og begrunde politiske beslutninger. Men resultaterne kan være forbundet med stor usikkerhed. Det kræver omhu og stor sproglig formåen at udarbejde spørgeskemaer. Seniorforsker Henning Olsen har i flere år arbejdet med...... viden om, hvordan folk forstår sproglige meddelelser og genkalder sig informationer. I guiden behandles emner som fx styrende problemstillinger og spørgsmåls fokus og neutralitet, formulering af åbne eller lukkede spørgsmål og svarkategorier, tematiske spørgeforløb, aflastning af svarpersoners...

  6. Biases in Monte Carlo eigenvalue calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gelbard, E.M.

    1992-12-01

    The Monte Carlo method has been used for many years to analyze the neutronics of nuclear reactors. In fact, as the power of computers has increased the importance of Monte Carlo in neutronics has also increased, until today this method plays a central role in reactor analysis and design. Monte Carlo is used in neutronics for two somewhat different purposes, i.e., (a) to compute the distribution of neutrons in a given medium when the neutron source-density is specified, and (b) to compute the neutron distribution in a self-sustaining chain reaction, in which case the source is determined as the eigenvector of a certain linear operator. In (b), then, the source is not given, but must be computed. In the first case (the ``fixed-source`` case) the Monte Carlo calculation is unbiased. That is to say that, if the calculation is repeated (``replicated``) over and over, with independent random number sequences for each replica, then averages over all replicas will approach the correct neutron distribution as the number of replicas goes to infinity. Unfortunately, the computation is not unbiased in the second case, which we discuss here.

  7. Biases in Monte Carlo eigenvalue calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gelbard, E.M.

    1992-01-01

    The Monte Carlo method has been used for many years to analyze the neutronics of nuclear reactors. In fact, as the power of computers has increased the importance of Monte Carlo in neutronics has also increased, until today this method plays a central role in reactor analysis and design. Monte Carlo is used in neutronics for two somewhat different purposes, i.e., (a) to compute the distribution of neutrons in a given medium when the neutron source-density is specified, and (b) to compute the neutron distribution in a self-sustaining chain reaction, in which case the source is determined as the eigenvector of a certain linear operator. In (b), then, the source is not given, but must be computed. In the first case (the fixed-source'' case) the Monte Carlo calculation is unbiased. That is to say that, if the calculation is repeated ( replicated'') over and over, with independent random number sequences for each replica, then averages over all replicas will approach the correct neutron distribution as the number of replicas goes to infinity. Unfortunately, the computation is not unbiased in the second case, which we discuss here.

  8. Biases in Monte Carlo eigenvalue calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gelbard, E.M.

    1992-01-01

    The Monte Carlo method has been used for many years to analyze the neutronics of nuclear reactors. In fact, as the power of computers has increased the importance of Monte Carlo in neutronics has also increased, until today this method plays a central role in reactor analysis and design. Monte Carlo is used in neutronics for two somewhat different purposes, i.e., (a) to compute the distribution of neutrons in a given medium when the neutron source-density is specified, and (b) to compute the neutron distribution in a self-sustaining chain reaction, in which case the source is determined as the eigenvector of a certain linear operator. In (b), then, the source is not given, but must be computed. In the first case (the ''fixed-source'' case) the Monte Carlo calculation is unbiased. That is to say that, if the calculation is repeated (''replicated'') over and over, with independent random number sequences for each replica, then averages over all replicas will approach the correct neutron distribution as the number of replicas goes to infinity. Unfortunately, the computation is not unbiased in the second case, which we discuss here

  9. DISTRIBUSI Solen sp DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN BANGKALAN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eva Ari Wahyuni

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available DISTRIBUTION OF Solen sp IN BANGKALAN WATERSSolen sp potential needs to be developed on the island of Madura, particularly in Bangkalan. Solen sp utilization has increased which has the potential to overfishing. Therefore, this study aims to determine the density of Solen sp and their ecology in the waters Modung village, Modung District, Bangkalan. The experiment was conducted in April 2015 using the descriptive method. The materials used include Solen sp and physico-chemical parameters of the environment (temperature, salinity, pH, and substrate. The analyzes were conducted at the Laboratory of Marine Science, Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura by using the tool grabsampler, sieveshaker, and pipetting with gravimetric method. The analysis shows the range of values of temperature between 29-300C, salinity between 31-32 ppt, pH were 7.9-8.0 and the type of substrate in the form of sandy mud, as well as the density of Solen sp from 8-10 individuals/m2. All measurement results indicate normal conditions and in accordance with the sea water quality standard for marine life, which can be a suitable habitat for the growth and development of Solen sp. This condition is thought to affect the density of Solen sp.Keywords: Bangkalan, density, distribution, Solen sp, substrate.ABSTRAKPotensi Solen sp perlu dikembangkan di pulau Madura, khususnya di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Pemanfaatan Solen sp mengalami peningkatan sehingga berpotensi overfishing. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan Solen sp dan ekologinya di perairan desa Modung, Kecamatan Modung, Kabupaten Bangkalan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2015 dengan metode deskriptif. Materi dan bahan yang digunakan diantaranya Solen sp dan parameter fisika-kimia lingkungan (suhu, salinitas, pH, dan substrat. Analisa dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Kelautan, Program studi/Jurusan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Trunojoyo Madura dengan menggunakan alat

  10. Importance iteration in MORSE Monte Carlo calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kloosterman, J.L.; Hoogenboom, J.E.

    1994-01-01

    An expression to calculate point values (the expected detector response of a particle emerging from a collision or the source) is derived and implemented in the MORSE-SGC/S Monte Carlo code. It is outlined how these point values can be smoothed as a function of energy and as a function of the optical thickness between the detector and the source. The smoothed point values are subsequently used to calculate the biasing parameters of the Monte Carlo runs to follow. The method is illustrated by an example that shows that the obtained biasing parameters lead to a more efficient Monte Carlo calculation

  11. Importance iteration in MORSE Monte Carlo calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kloosterman, J.L.; Hoogenboom, J.E.

    1994-02-01

    An expression to calculate point values (the expected detector response of a particle emerging from a collision or the source) is derived and implemented in the MORSE-SGC/S Monte Carlo code. It is outlined how these point values can be smoothed as a function of energy and as a function of the optical thickness between the detector and the source. The smoothed point values are subsequently used to calculate the biasing parameters of the Monte Carlo runs to follow. The method is illustrated by an example, which shows that the obtained biasing parameters lead to a more efficient Monte Carlo calculation. (orig.)

  12. Evaluation of heterogeneity dose distributions for Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRT: comparison of commercially available Monte Carlo dose calculation with other algorithms

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Takahashi Wataru

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to compare dose distributions from three different algorithms with the x-ray Voxel Monte Carlo (XVMC calculations, in actual computed tomography (CT scans for use in stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT of small lung cancers. Methods Slow CT scan of 20 patients was performed and the internal target volume (ITV was delineated on Pinnacle3. All plans were first calculated with a scatter homogeneous mode (SHM which is compatible with Clarkson algorithm using Pinnacle3 treatment planning system (TPS. The planned dose was 48 Gy in 4 fractions. In a second step, the CT images, structures and beam data were exported to other treatment planning systems (TPSs. Collapsed cone convolution (CCC from Pinnacle3, superposition (SP from XiO, and XVMC from Monaco were used for recalculating. The dose distributions and the Dose Volume Histograms (DVHs were compared with each other. Results The phantom test revealed that all algorithms could reproduce the measured data within 1% except for the SHM with inhomogeneous phantom. For the patient study, the SHM greatly overestimated the isocenter (IC doses and the minimal dose received by 95% of the PTV (PTV95 compared to XVMC. The differences in mean doses were 2.96 Gy (6.17% for IC and 5.02 Gy (11.18% for PTV95. The DVH's and dose distributions with CCC and SP were in agreement with those obtained by XVMC. The average differences in IC doses between CCC and XVMC, and SP and XVMC were -1.14% (p = 0.17, and -2.67% (p = 0.0036, respectively. Conclusions Our work clearly confirms that the actual practice of relying solely on a Clarkson algorithm may be inappropriate for SRT planning. Meanwhile, CCC and SP were close to XVMC simulations and actual dose distributions obtained in lung SRT.

  13. Salvadoracris e Caruaruacris, novos gêneros de gafanhotos sul-americanos (Orthoptera, Acrididae Salvadoracris and Caruaruacris, new South American genera of grasshopper (Orthoptera, Acrididae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Kátia Matiotti da Costa

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Salvadoracris gen. nov. com S. nigritus sp. nov. (espécie-tipo, do Peru (Cuzco e Caruaruacris gen. nov. com C. bivittatus sp. nov. (espécie-tipo, do Brasil, Pernambuco, são descritos e ilustrados.Salvadoracris gen. nov. with S. nigritus sp. nov. (type species from Peru, Cuzco, and Caruaruacris gen. nov. with C. bivittatus sp. nov. (type species, from Brazil, Pernambuco, are described and illustrated.

  14. Diversidad de macroalgas asociada con un manto de rodolitos tropical de Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Amado-Filho, GM; Maneveldt, GW; Pereira-Filho, GH; Manso, RCC; Bahia, RG.; Barros-Barreto, MB; Guimarães, SMPB

    2010-01-01

    Se describen las poblaciones de las macroalgas submareales predominantemente tropicales que crecen sobre rodolitos entre 4 y 18 m de profundidad en la parte sur del estado de Espirito Santo (Brasil). Muestreos cualitativos y cuantitativos revelaron comunidades ricas en especies de algas, incluyendo 167 especies. Tres especies de rodofitas son nuevas adiciones a la flora marina de Brasil (Lithothamnion muelleri, Scinaia aborealis y Mesophyllum engelhartii). Las marcadas diferencias estacionale...

  15. Endosulfan induced alteration in bacterial protein profile and RNA yield of Klebsiella sp. M3, Achromobacter sp. M6, and Rhodococcus sp. M2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Madhu; Singh, Dileep Kumar

    2014-01-30

    Three bacterial strains identified as Klebsiella sp. M3, Achromobacter sp. M6 and Rhodococcus sp. M2 were isolated by soil enrichment with endosulfan followed by shake flask enrichment technique. They were efficiently degrading endosulfan in the NSM (non sulfur medium) broth. Degradation of endosulfan was faster with the cell free extract of bacterial cells grown in the sulfur deficient medium (NSM) supplemented with endosulfan than that of nutrient rich medium (Luria Bertani). In the cell free extract of NSM supplemented with endosulfan as sole sulfur source, a unique band was visualized on SDS-PAGE but not with magnesium sulfate as the sole sulfur source in NSM and LB with endosulfan. Expression of a unique polypeptide band was speculated to be induced by endosulfan under sulfur starved condition. These unique polypeptide bands were identified as OmpK35 protein, sulfate binding protein and outer membrane porin protein, respectively, in Klebsiella sp. M3, Achromobacter sp. M6 and Rhodococcus sp. M2. Endosulfan showed dose dependent negative effect on total RNA yield of bacterial strains in nutrient rich medium. Absence of plasmid DNA indicated the presence of endosulfan metabolizing gene on genomic DNA. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. A aplicação judicial das normas da Organização Mundial da Saúde no Brasil: in dubio pro salute

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    VENTURA, Deisy de Freitas Lima

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available A empresa Acumuladores Ajax Ltda., uma das maiores fabricantes de baterias automotivas do Brasil, violou ao longo das últimas décadas normas de segurança no trabalho, ambientais e sanitárias, promovendo a contaminação do ar e do solo em áreas residenciais próximas à sua fábrica, localizada no município de Bauru (SP. O chamando “caso Ajax” possui, além da esfera administrativa, ao menos três frentes judiciais: a cível, a trabalhista e a fiscal. O caso Ajax chegou ao Superior Tribunal de Justiça sob a forma de um recurso relativo à execução fiscal de uma multa aplicada à empresa. O acórdão daí resultante evoca, entre outros, um tema raramente discutido no meio jurídico brasileiro, qual seja o alcance do direito da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS no Brasil. Em 2002, um inquérito epidemiológico indicou que 314 crianças residentes no entorno da fábrica apresentavam taxas de plumbemia (presença de chumbo no sangue superiores às que a OMS considera “aceitável”. A empresa argumentou que o padrão da OMS não encontra respaldo na legislação brasileira. O relator do processo, Ministro Herman Benjamin, afirmou que, na ausência ou na manifesta desatualização dos padrões brasileiros, a contaminação e o consequente dano se caracterizam quando se constata o desrespeito aos padrões de instituições internacionais das quais o Brasil seja membro ou partícipe, aplicando o princípio in dubio pro salute. Segundo o relator, é dever do juiz fazer prevalecer a norma que melhor assegure a saúde, seja ela branda ou dotada de sanção, seja ela internacional ou interna.

  17. SP-A binding sites on bovine alveolar macrophages.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Plaga, S; Plattner, H; Schlepper-Schaefer, J

    1998-11-25

    Surfactant protein A (SP-A) binding to bovine alveolar macrophages was examined in order to characterize SP-A binding proteins on the cell surface and to isolate putative receptors from these cells that could be obtained in large amounts. Human SP-A, unlabeled or labeled with gold particles, was bound to freshly isolated macrophages and analyzed with ELISA or the transmission electron microscope. Binding of SP-A was inhibited by Ca2+ chelation, by an excess of unlabeled SP-A, or by the presence of 20 mg/ml mannan. We conclude that bovine alveolar macrophages expose binding sites for SP-A that are specific and that depend on Ca2+ and on mannose residues. For isolation of SP-A receptors with homologous SP-A as ligand we isolated SP-A from bovine lung lavage. SDS-PAGE analysis of the purified SP-A showed a protein of 32-36 kDa. Functional integrity of the protein was demonstrated. Bovine SP-A bound to Dynabeads was used to isolate SP-A binding proteins. From the fractionated and blotted proteins of the receptor preparation two proteins bound SP-A in a Ca2+-dependent manner, a 40-kDa protein showing mannose dependency and a 210-kDa protein, showing no mannose sensitivity. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

  18. (Re)Descobrimento do Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Gatti, José; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina

    2008-01-01

    Como todos aprendemos nas escolas brasileiras, os navegadores portugueses chegaram ao Brasil em 1500. Desde então, esse evento tem sido objeto de controvérsias (casualidade? intencionalidade dos navegadores?) e disputas (quem os teria precedido? espanhóis? franceses? africanos?). Acima das polêmicas, o que continua sendo ensinado é que a frota comandada por Pedro Álvares Cabral realizou o primeiro contato oficial de Portugal com a nova terra a 16° Sul e a identificou como possessão Del Rey, c...

  19. Advanced Computational Methods for Monte Carlo Calculations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brown, Forrest B. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

    2018-01-12

    This course is intended for graduate students who already have a basic understanding of Monte Carlo methods. It focuses on advanced topics that may be needed for thesis research, for developing new state-of-the-art methods, or for working with modern production Monte Carlo codes.

  20. Odontesthes mirinensis, sp.n. um novo peixe-rei (Pisces, Atherinidae, Atherinopsinae para o extremo sul do Brasil Odontesthes mirinensis, sp.n. a new silverside (Pisces, Atherinidae, Atherinopsinae from southern Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marlise de Azevedo Bemvenuti

    1995-01-01

    Full Text Available Odontesthes mirinensis, a new species of silverside, is described in coastal lagoons system of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from other Odontesthes species by short snout and having 24-29 gill rakers on the lower branch of the first branchial arch. Osteological features (bones of the skull, axial skeleton and girdles are included and discussed. Meristic and morphometric variables were analyzed separately, through multivariate procedures. Principal Component Analysis show that Odontesthes mirinensis, sp.n. does not exhibit significant geographic variation on body shape.

  1. A new species of Jainus (Monogenea, gill parasite of Schizodon borellii (Characiformes, Anostomidae from the upper Paraná river floodplain, Brazil = Uma nova espécie de Jainus (Monogenea, parasito de brânquias de Schizodon borellii (Characiformes, Anostomidae da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná, Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Letícia Cucolo Karling

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available Jainus piava n. sp. is described from the gills of Schizodon borellii (Boulenger, 1900 (Characiform, commonly named as piava from the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil. The new species differs from the other members of Jainus in the following features: ventral bar thin broadly V-shaped and male copulatory organ (MCO a coil of about 1.5 rings. Jainus piava n. sp. is similar to species of Jainus by having a ventral anchor base with flattened superficial root and elongate rodlike deep root.Jainus piava sp. nov é descrito para brânquias de Schizodon borellii(Boulenger, 1900 (Chacariformes comumente chamado de piava na planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná, Brasil. A nova espécie difere de outros membros de Jainus pelas seguintes características: barra ventral fina levemente em forma de V e órgão copulatório masculino (MCO com cerca de uma volta e meia de diâmetro do anel. Jainus piava sp. nov é similar a outras espécies do gênero Jainus por ter a âncora ventral com uma raiz superficial com extensão alongada.

  2. Remote sensing data of SP Mountain and SP Lava flow in North-Central Arizona

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schaber, G.G.; Elachi, C.; Farr, T.G.

    1980-01-01

    Multifrequency airborne radar image data of SP Mountain [Official name of feature (U.S. Geological Survey, 1970)] and SP flow (and vicinity) in north-central Arizona were obtained in diverse viewing directions and direct and cross-polarization, then compared with surface and aerial photography, LANDSAT multispectral scanner data, airborne thermal infrared imagery, surface geology, and surface roughness statistics. The extremely blocky, basaltic andesite of SP flow is significantly brighter on direct-polarization K-band (0.9-cm wavelength) images than on cross-polarized images taken simultaneously. Conversely, for the longer wavelength (25 cm) L-band radar images, the cross-polarization image returns from SP flow are brighter than the direct-polarized image. This effect is explained by multiple scattering and the strong wavelength dependence of polarization effects caused by the rectilinear basaltic andesite scatters. Two distinct types of surface relief on SP flow, one extremely blocky, the other subdued, are found to be clearly discriminated on the visible and thermal wavelength images but are separable only on the longer wavelength L-band radar image data. The inability of the K- and X- (3-cm wavelength) band radars to portray the differences in roughness between the two SP flow surface units is attributed to the radar frequency dependence of the surface-relief scale, which, described as the Rayleigh criterion, represents the transition between quasispecular and primarily diffuse backscatter. ?? 1980.

  3. La confianza interpersonal brasileña en perspectiva comparada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Timothy Joseph POWER

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Uno de los aspectos menos estudiados de la cultura política del Brasil es su tasa extraordinariamente baja de confianza interpersonal. Después de revisar la literatura sobre confianza interpersonal, el presente artículo examina el nivel brasileño de confianza social en perspectiva regional y global. Analiza datos de sondeos recientes y demuestra que el mejor predictor de confianza es la educación, una área en que Brasil presenta un desarrollo inferior al de sus vecinos. El artículo también sugiere una agenda de investigación futura para estudiar este aspecto singular de la cultura política brasileña, dentro de la cual las variables de desigualdad social y de exposición a la televisión tendrían papeles importantes. Tal agenda de investigación es de gran consecuencia dado el papel importante de la confianza interpersonal, tanto para el desarrollo económico como para la consolidación democrática.ABSTRACT: One of the most understudied aspects of Brazilian political culture is the country’s extraordinarily low rates of interpersonal trust. After reviewing the literature on interpersonal trust, this paper provides regional and global perspective on Brazil’s level of social trust. It examines data from recent public opinion surveys in Brazil and demonstrates that the strongest predictor of trust is education, an area in which Brazil lags behind its neighbors. The paper also suggests a future research agenda for investigating this unique aspect of Brazilian political culture, in which the variables of inequality and television exposure would play important roles. Such a research agenda is critical given the important role played by trust in both economic development and democratic consolidation.

  4. Jornalismo, literatura e urbanização no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Nicolato

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available RESUMOEste artigo temcomo objetivo revelar as relações existentes entre jornalismo, literatura eurbanização no Brasil, no período compreendido entre o descobrimento e o iníciodas duas primeiras décadas do século XX. Em termos historiográficos, sãoanalisadas a Carta de Pero Vaz de Caminha, as Cartas Chilenas, a chegada e aconsolidação da imprensa no Brasil. Neste último, a análise é feita a partirdas reflexões sobre a identidade nacional nas figuras de Lima Barreto, João doRio e Euclides da Cunha.Palavras-chave: Jornalismo. Literatura. História. ABSTRACTThis article aims to reveal the existingrelations among journalism, literature and urbanization in Brazil, in theperiod between the discovery and the beginning of the first two decades of the20th century. In historiographical terms, the Letter of Pero Vaz de Caminha,the Chilean Letters, the arrival and the consolidation of the press in Brazilare analyzed. In the latter, the analysis is conducted from the reflections ofLima Barreto, João do Rio and Euclides da Cunha as pictures of nationalidentity.Key words: Journalism. Literature.History RESUMENEste artículo tiene comoobjetivo mostrar las relaciones existentes entre el periodismo, la literatura yla urbanización en Brasil, en el período transcurrido entre el descubrimiento yel inicio de las dos primeras décadas del siglo 20. Desde el punto de vistahistoriográfico, se analizan la Carta de Pero Vaz de Caminha, las CartasChilenas, la llegada y la consolidación de la prensa en Brasil. En este últimocaso, el análisis se lleva a cabo desde las reflexiones sobre la identidadnacional en las figuras de Lima Barreto, João do Rio y Euclides da Cunha.Palabras-clave: Periodismo. Literatura. Historia.

  5. Notas, novos registros e novas espécies de Ibidionini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae Notes, new records and new species of Ibidionini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ubirajara R. Martins

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Novas espécies descritas do Brasil: Tropidion terminatum sp. nov. e Tropidion una sp. nov. (Rondônia; Tropidion buriti sp. nov. (Piauí; Compsibidion manauara sp. nov. (Manaus, Compsibidion elianae sp. nov. (Goiás; Compsibidion novalimae sp. nov. e Compsibidion peti sp. nov. (Minas Gerais. Do Brasil (Mato Grosso e da Bolívia (Santa Cruz, Compsibidion ybyra sp. nov.; da Venezuela (Guarico, Tropidion jolyi sp. nov.; da Bolívia (Santa Cruz, Dodecaibidion bolivianum sp. nov. e Pygmodeon maculatum sp. nov. Minibidion captiosus nom. nov. é proposto para Minibidion bicolor Martins, Galileo & Limeira-de Oliveira, 2011. São estabelecidos novo status para Compsibidion rubricolle Melzer, 1935, e notas sobre Heterachthes tysiphonis (Thomson, 1867. São apresentados novos registros para Tropidion zonapterum (Martins, 1962, Compsibidion campestre (Gounelle, 1908 e Kolonibidion femoratum (Martins, 1971.New species are described from Brazil: Tropidion terminatum sp. nov. and Tropidion una sp. nov. (Rondônia; Tropidion buriti sp. nov. (Piauí; Compsibidion manauara, sp. nov. (Amazonas; Compsibidion elianae sp. nov. (Goiás; Compsibidion novalimae sp. nov. and Compsibidion peti sp. nov. (Minas Gerais; from Brazil (Mato Grosso and Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Compsibidion ybyra sp. nov.; from Venezuela (Guarico, Tropidion jolyi sp. nov.; from Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Dodecaibidion bolivianum sp. nov. and Pygmodeon maculatum sp. nov. Minibidion captiosus nom. nov. to Minibidion bicolor Martins, Galileo & Limeira-de Oliveira, 2011 is proposed. New status is presented for Compsibidion rubricolle Melzer, 1935 and notes on Heterachthes tysiphonis (Thomson, 1867 are presented. New records are presented for Tropidion zonapterum (Martins, 1962, Compsibidion campestre (Gounelle, 1908 and Kolonibidion femoratum (Martins, 1971.

  6. Detecção e tratamento de pacientes amblíopes na cidade de São Paulo, SP (Brasil Detection and treatment of amblyopic patients in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Samir Jacob Bechara

    1987-08-01

    Full Text Available Foram estudados retrospectivamente cem pacientes amblíopes de uma clínica particular na cidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil, escolhidos aleatoriamente, com idades variando de 3 a 48 anos. Foram pesquisados: idade de detecção, meio de detecção, idade de início do tratamento e regularidade do retorno ao consultório. A maior parte dos casos (65% foi detectada antes dos 7 anos de idade e dentre estes, somente 10,8% iniciaram tratamento após os 8 anos de idade. Entre aqueles que iniciaram antes dos 7 anos de idade, 44,8% retornaram irregularmente ou não retornaram. A ambliopia foi detectada predominantemente pelos pais ou pelo oftalmologista, e raramente pelo pediatra ou na escola. Os autores discutem estas observações e propõem recomendações para melhorar os resultados terapêuticos na ambliopia.This report presents retrospective data concerning 100 amblyopic patients in São Paulo, Brazil, including: the age of detection, means of detection, age in which therapy was started and follow-up of the patients. Even though most of the cases (65% had been detected before the age of 7 years, 10.8% of them started the therapy only after 8 years of age, when the treatment of amblyopia may not be so successful. Among the patients who started their therapy before the age of 7 years, 44.8% of them returned only irregularly or didn't return at all. The amblyopia was detected, in the majority of cases, by the parents or the ophthalmologist, and rarely by the pediatrician or at school. The authors discuss such observations, and propose some ways ot improve the therapeutic results in amblyopia.

  7. Strategije drevesnega preiskovanja Monte Carlo

    OpenAIRE

    VODOPIVEC, TOM

    2018-01-01

    Po preboju pri igri go so metode drevesnega preiskovanja Monte Carlo (ang. Monte Carlo tree search – MCTS) sprožile bliskovit napredek agentov za igranje iger: raziskovalna skupnost je od takrat razvila veliko variant in izboljšav algoritma MCTS ter s tem zagotovila napredek umetne inteligence ne samo pri igrah, ampak tudi v številnih drugih domenah. Čeprav metode MCTS združujejo splošnost naključnega vzorčenja z natančnostjo drevesnega preiskovanja, imajo lahko v praksi težave s počasno konv...

  8. Monte Carlo electron/photon transport

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mack, J.M.; Morel, J.E.; Hughes, H.G.

    1985-01-01

    A review of nonplasma coupled electron/photon transport using Monte Carlo method is presented. Remarks are mainly restricted to linerarized formalisms at electron energies from 1 keV to 1000 MeV. Applications involving pulse-height estimation, transport in external magnetic fields, and optical Cerenkov production are discussed to underscore the importance of this branch of computational physics. Advances in electron multigroup cross-section generation is reported, and its impact on future code development assessed. Progress toward the transformation of MCNP into a generalized neutral/charged-particle Monte Carlo code is described. 48 refs

  9. Prospect on general software of Monte Carlo method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pei Lucheng

    1992-01-01

    This is a short paper on the prospect of Monte Carlo general software. The content consists of cluster sampling method, zero variance technique, self-improved method, and vectorized Monte Carlo method

  10. O Rugby, identidade e processos econômicos no Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Diego Monteiro Gutierrez

    2016-01-01

    A dissertação cria um panorama amplo da prática do rugby no Brasil abordando aspectos sociológicos e históricos da modalidade em território nacional com o objetivo de compreender a sua prática, características e dinâmicas na atualidade. A partir do referencial teórico de Bourdieu e Mauss, entre outros, o trabalho constrói uma história do rugby no Brasil, utilizando como base documentos e entrevistas. A dissertação procura demonstrar que o rugby, inicialmente praticado quase que só por jogador...

  11. Mercado de água (envasada) no Brasil e no mundo

    OpenAIRE

    Gorini, Ana Paula Fontenelle

    2000-01-01

    Este artigo traça o panorama do setor de água engarrafada no Brasil e no mundo, que representa a quinta maior categoria de bebidas (em volume) no país, vindo atrás de refrigerantes, leite, cerveja e café solúvel e à frente de sucos e vinhos. Ao longo da década de 90, o segmento vem apresentando as maiores taxas de crescimento entre todas as categorias mencionadas. Comparado com países como Itália, França, Estados Unidos, entre outros, o Brasil apresenta ainda um baixo consumo per capita e exc...

  12. SP-100 GES/NAT radiation shielding systems design and development testing

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Disney, R.K.; Kulikowski, H.D.; McGinnis, C.A.; Reese, J.C.; Thomas, K.; Wiltshire, F.

    1991-01-01

    Advanced Energy Systems (AES) of Westinghouse Electric Corporation is under subcontract to the General Electric Company to supply nuclear radiation shielding components for the SP-100 Ground Engineering System (GES) Nuclear Assembly Test to be conducted at Westinghouse Hanford Company at Richland, Washington. The radiation shielding components are integral to the Nuclear Assembly Test (NAT) assembly and include prototypic and non-prototypic radiation shielding components which provide prototypic test conditions for the SP-100 reactor subsystem and reactor control subsystem components during the GES/NAT operations. W-AES is designing three radiation shield components for the NAT assembly; a prototypic Generic Flight System (GFS) shield, the Lower Internal Facility Shield (LIFS), and the Upper Internal Facility Shield (UIFS). This paper describes the design approach and development testing to support the design, fabrication, and assembly of these three shield components for use within the vacuum vessel of the GES/NAT. The GES/NAT shields must be designed to operate in a high vacuum which simulates space operations. The GFS shield and LIFS must provide prototypic radiation/thermal environments and mechanical interfaces for reactor system components. The NAT shields, in combination with the test facility shielding, must provide adequate radiation attenuation for overall test operations. Special design considerations account for the ground test facility effects on the prototypic GFS shield. Validation of the GFS shield design and performance will be based on detailed Monte Carlo analyses and developmental testing of design features. Full scale prototype testing of the shield subsystems is not planned

  13. Impact of serum SP-A and SP-D levels on comparison and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Kai; Ju, Qing; Cao, Jing; Tang, Wenze; Zhang, Jian

    2017-01-01

    Abstract Background and objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has a poor prognosis in general; however, it is heterogeneous to detect relative biomarkers for predicting the disease progression. Serum biomarkers can be conveniently collected to detect and help to differentially diagnose IPF and predict IPF prognosis. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the use of serum surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) for differential diagnosis and prognosis of IPF. Methods: Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases and reviewed by 2 independent readers. Standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the difference in serum levels of SP-A/D among patients with IPF, when compared to patients with non-IPF interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary infection, and healthy control. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI were used to compare the relative risk of mortality. Results: Twenty-one articles (totalling 1289 IPF patients) were included in final meta-analysis. Serum SP-A levels were significantly higher in patients with IPF than in patients with non-IPF ILD (SMD: 1.108 [0.584, 1.632], P infection (SMD: 1.320 [0.999, 1.640], P SMD: 2.802 [1.901, 3.702], P SMD: 0.459 [−0.000, 0.919], P = .050). Serum SP-D levels were significantly higher in patients with IPF than in patients with pulmonary infection (SMD: 1.308 [0.813, 1.803], P SMD: 2.235 [1.739, 2.731], P < .001). Risk of death in patients with IPF and elevated serum SP-A was increased 39% compared to patients with low SP-A groups. Elevated SP-D increased risk by 111% when compared to low SP-D. In acute exacerbation of IPF, serum SP-A/D were higher than those in stable stage. The comparisons and prognosis might be different in Asian and Caucasian patients. Conclusions: Serum SP-A/D detection might be useful for differential diagnosis and prediction of survival in patients with IPF. PMID:28591049

  14. The SpTransformer Gene Family (Formerly Sp185/333) in the Purple Sea Urchin and the Functional Diversity of the Anti-Pathogen rSpTransformer-E1 Protein

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, L. Courtney; Lun, Cheng Man

    2017-01-01

    The complex innate immune system of sea urchins is underpinned by several multigene families including the SpTransformer family (SpTrf; formerly Sp185/333) with estimates of ~50 members, although the family size is likely variable among individuals of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The genes are small with similar structure, are tightly clustered, and have several types of repeats in the second of two exons and that surround each gene. The density of repeats suggests that the genes are positioned within regions of genomic instability, which may be required to drive sequence diversification. The second exon encodes the mature protein and is composed of blocks of sequence called elements that are present in mosaics of defined element patterns and are the major source of sequence diversity. The SpTrf genes respond swiftly to immune challenge, but only a single gene is expressed per phagocyte. Many of the mRNAs appear to be edited and encode proteins with altered and/or missense sequence that are often truncated, of which some may be functional. The standard SpTrf protein structure is an N-terminal glycine-rich region, a central RGD motif, a histidine-rich region, and a C-terminal region. Function is predicted from a recombinant protein, rSpTransformer-E1 (rSpTrf-E1), which binds to Vibrio and Saccharomyces, but not to Bacillus, and binds tightly to lipopolysaccharide, β-1,3-glucan, and flagellin, but not to peptidoglycan. rSpTrf-E1 is intrinsically disordered but transforms to α helical structure in the presence of binding targets including lipopolysaccharide, which may underpin the characteristics of binding to multiple targets. SpTrf proteins associate with coelomocyte membranes, and rSpTrf-E1 binds specifically to phosphatidic acid (PA). When rSpTrf-E1 is bound to PA in liposome membranes, it induces morphological changes in liposomes that correlate with PA clustering and leakage of luminal contents, and it extracts or removes PA from the bilayer. The

  15. Monte Carlo method for array criticality calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dickinson, D.; Whitesides, G.E.

    1976-01-01

    The Monte Carlo method for solving neutron transport problems consists of mathematically tracing paths of individual neutrons collision by collision until they are lost by absorption or leakage. The fate of the neutron after each collision is determined by the probability distribution functions that are formed from the neutron cross-section data. These distributions are sampled statistically to establish the successive steps in the neutron's path. The resulting data, accumulated from following a large number of batches, are analyzed to give estimates of k/sub eff/ and other collision-related quantities. The use of electronic computers to produce the simulated neutron histories, initiated at Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, made the use of the Monte Carlo method practical for many applications. In analog Monte Carlo simulation, the calculation follows the physical events of neutron scattering, absorption, and leakage. To increase calculational efficiency, modifications such as the use of statistical weights are introduced. The Monte Carlo method permits the use of a three-dimensional geometry description and a detailed cross-section representation. Some of the problems in using the method are the selection of the spatial distribution for the initial batch, the preparation of the geometry description for complex units, and the calculation of error estimates for region-dependent quantities such as fluxes. The Monte Carlo method is especially appropriate for criticality safety calculations since it permits an accurate representation of interacting units of fissile material. Dissimilar units, units of complex shape, moderators between units, and reflected arrays may be calculated. Monte Carlo results must be correlated with relevant experimental data, and caution must be used to ensure that a representative set of neutron histories is produced

  16. Bayesian Optimal Experimental Design Using Multilevel Monte Carlo

    KAUST Repository

    Ben Issaid, Chaouki; Long, Quan; Scavino, Marco; Tempone, Raul

    2015-01-01

    Experimental design is very important since experiments are often resource-exhaustive and time-consuming. We carry out experimental design in the Bayesian framework. To measure the amount of information, which can be extracted from the data in an experiment, we use the expected information gain as the utility function, which specifically is the expected logarithmic ratio between the posterior and prior distributions. Optimizing this utility function enables us to design experiments that yield the most informative data for our purpose. One of the major difficulties in evaluating the expected information gain is that the integral is nested and can be high dimensional. We propose using Multilevel Monte Carlo techniques to accelerate the computation of the nested high dimensional integral. The advantages are twofold. First, the Multilevel Monte Carlo can significantly reduce the cost of the nested integral for a given tolerance, by using an optimal sample distribution among different sample averages of the inner integrals. Second, the Multilevel Monte Carlo method imposes less assumptions, such as the concentration of measures, required by Laplace method. We test our Multilevel Monte Carlo technique using a numerical example on the design of sensor deployment for a Darcy flow problem governed by one dimensional Laplace equation. We also compare the performance of the Multilevel Monte Carlo, Laplace approximation and direct double loop Monte Carlo.

  17. Bayesian Optimal Experimental Design Using Multilevel Monte Carlo

    KAUST Repository

    Ben Issaid, Chaouki

    2015-01-07

    Experimental design is very important since experiments are often resource-exhaustive and time-consuming. We carry out experimental design in the Bayesian framework. To measure the amount of information, which can be extracted from the data in an experiment, we use the expected information gain as the utility function, which specifically is the expected logarithmic ratio between the posterior and prior distributions. Optimizing this utility function enables us to design experiments that yield the most informative data for our purpose. One of the major difficulties in evaluating the expected information gain is that the integral is nested and can be high dimensional. We propose using Multilevel Monte Carlo techniques to accelerate the computation of the nested high dimensional integral. The advantages are twofold. First, the Multilevel Monte Carlo can significantly reduce the cost of the nested integral for a given tolerance, by using an optimal sample distribution among different sample averages of the inner integrals. Second, the Multilevel Monte Carlo method imposes less assumptions, such as the concentration of measures, required by Laplace method. We test our Multilevel Monte Carlo technique using a numerical example on the design of sensor deployment for a Darcy flow problem governed by one dimensional Laplace equation. We also compare the performance of the Multilevel Monte Carlo, Laplace approximation and direct double loop Monte Carlo.

  18. FLUXOS DE CAPITAL NO BRASIL PÃS-PLANO REAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Horst Dieter Möller

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho focaliza os fluxos de capital no Brasil pós-Plano Real sob os problemas da globalização financeira para mercados emergentes. A volatilidade dos fluxos de capital no Brasil sob crises cambiais e bancárias em mercados emergentes, começando com a crise mexicana em 1994/95, é analisada sob as perspectivas de ocorrências de reversões expressivas em tempos de crise e da influência das reversões sobre a eclosão das crises no Brasil. A análise econométrica mostra que a volatilidade dos fluxos de capital é diferente em seus segmentos, maior no segmento dos outros investimentos e nos investimentos em carteira do que nos investimentos diretos. Houve também reversões significativas em todos os segmentos em conseqüência das crises. Nesse sentido, os fluxos de capital trazem, em geral, benefícios para a economia nacional, mas podem também piorar expressivamente a situação econômica do país em tempos de crise.

  19. El refugio de las masas: recepción de la obra de Lavive D’Epinay en Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Mariano

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available El Refugio de las Masas, publicada en Brasil por la editora Paz e Terra en 1970, se le considera una obra clásica por investigadores brasileños, definió las grandes líneas que hasta hoy inspiran el debate sobre el protestantismo latinoamericano como un problema sociológico.Aunque inspiró varios investigadores brasileños, el trabajo de D’Epinay repercutió, en especial,sobre las discusiones de tres temas: 1 el crecimiento pentecostal en Brasil; 2 la función del protestantismo en fase de la transición de la sociedad tradicional para la moderna; 3 la alienación política del pentecostalismo.

  20. NACIONAL DE TURISMO NO BRASIL (1934-2014

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gisélia Lima Carvalho

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el proceso de institucionalización del turismo en Brasil a través de la identificación de las medidas relacionadas con el turismo que ayudaron a formar la Política Nacional de Turismo (PNT. Se parte del principio de que las acciones, ubicadas en diferentes momentos históricos, formaron la estructura de la política nacional, siendo relevante durante toda la investigación, lo que contrar - resta a las tesis de algunos investigadores en Brasil que sostienen que sólo hubo política de facto después de 1990. Por lo tanto, la estrategia se basó en lo enfoque crítico de la literatura sobre la política de turismo y en el esfuerzo de investigación documental, a través de un estudio de la legislación pertinente del período entre 1934 y 2014.

  1. Present status of transport code development based on Monte Carlo method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nakagawa, Masayuki

    1985-01-01

    The present status of development in Monte Carlo code is briefly reviewed. The main items are the followings; Application fields, Methods used in Monte Carlo code (geometry spectification, nuclear data, estimator and variance reduction technique) and unfinished works, Typical Monte Carlo codes and Merits of continuous energy Monte Carlo code. (author)

  2. Successful vectorization - reactor physics Monte Carlo code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Martin, W.R.

    1989-01-01

    Most particle transport Monte Carlo codes in use today are based on the ''history-based'' algorithm, wherein one particle history at a time is simulated. Unfortunately, the ''history-based'' approach (present in all Monte Carlo codes until recent years) is inherently scalar and cannot be vectorized. In particular, the history-based algorithm cannot take advantage of vector architectures, which characterize the largest and fastest computers at the current time, vector supercomputers such as the Cray X/MP or IBM 3090/600. However, substantial progress has been made in recent years in developing and implementing a vectorized Monte Carlo algorithm. This algorithm follows portions of many particle histories at the same time and forms the basis for all successful vectorized Monte Carlo codes that are in use today. This paper describes the basic vectorized algorithm along with descriptions of several variations that have been developed by different researchers for specific applications. These applications have been mainly in the areas of neutron transport in nuclear reactor and shielding analysis and photon transport in fusion plasmas. The relative merits of the various approach schemes will be discussed and the present status of known vectorization efforts will be summarized along with available timing results, including results from the successful vectorization of 3-D general geometry, continuous energy Monte Carlo. (orig.)

  3. Novas espécies de Prioninae e de Cerambycinae (Cerambycidae da Região Neotropical New Neotropical species of Prioninae and Cerambycinae (Cerambycidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Helena M. Galileo

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Novas espécies descritas: Hovorelus adiectus sp. nov. (Anacolini da Costa Rica; Stenoeme aguilari sp. nov. do Paraguai e Placoeme wappesi sp. nov. da Bolívia (Oemini; da Bahia, Brasil: Coeloxestia spinosa sp. nov. (Cerambycini, Sphallotrichina; Stizocera debilis sp. nov., Anelaphus bravoi sp. nov. (Elaphidionini e Chydarteres formosus sp. nov. (Trachyderini.New Neotropical species of Prioninae and Cerambycinae (Cerambycidae. New species described: Hovorelus adiectus sp. nov. (Anacolini from Costa Rica; Stenoeme aguilari sp. nov. from Paraguai and Placoeme wappesi sp. nov. from Bolivia (Oemini; from Bahia, Brazil: Coeloxestia spinosa sp. nov. (Cerambycini, Sphallotrichina, Stizocera debilis sp. nov., Anelaphus bravoi sp. nov. (Elaphidionini and Chydarteres formosus sp. nov. (Trachyderini.

  4. Bayesian phylogeny analysis via stochastic approximation Monte Carlo

    KAUST Repository

    Cheon, Sooyoung; Liang, Faming

    2009-01-01

    in simulating from the posterior distribution of phylogenetic trees, rendering the inference ineffective. In this paper, we apply an advanced Monte Carlo algorithm, the stochastic approximation Monte Carlo algorithm, to Bayesian phylogeny analysis. Our method

  5. Reflections on early Monte Carlo calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Spanier, J.

    1992-01-01

    Monte Carlo methods for solving various particle transport problems developed in parallel with the evolution of increasingly sophisticated computer programs implementing diffusion theory and low-order moments calculations. In these early years, Monte Carlo calculations and high-order approximations to the transport equation were seen as too expensive to use routinely for nuclear design but served as invaluable aids and supplements to design with less expensive tools. The earliest Monte Carlo programs were quite literal; i.e., neutron and other particle random walk histories were simulated by sampling from the probability laws inherent in the physical system without distoration. Use of such analogue sampling schemes resulted in a good deal of time being spent in examining the possibility of lowering the statistical uncertainties in the sample estimates by replacing simple, and intuitively obvious, random variables by those with identical means but lower variances

  6. Protozoan parasites of Xiphophorus spp. (Poeciliidae and their relation with water characteristics Parasitos protozoários de Xiphophorus sp. (Poeciliidae e a relação deles com as características da água

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Garcia

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available This work investigated the relationship between water characteristics and infestation of protozoan parasites, Icthyophthirius multifiliis and Trichodina sp., in swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri and platy (Xiphophorus maculates collected in an ornamental fish farm in São Paulo, Brazil. Fish were monthly collected from ponds and tanks for one year. The prevalence rates in fish from tanks and ponds were, respectively, 34.2% and 22.5% for I. multifiliis, and 13% and 54.2% for Trichodina sp. Increased electric conductivity and pH provoked reduction of I. multifiliis infestation. Low oxygen concentration increased Trichodina sp. infestation. The use of salt to increase the electric conductivity of water was a method to control I. multifiliis. Low dissolved oxygen and the addition of organic fertilizer favored the reproduction of Trichodina sp.Investigou-se a relação entre as características da água e a infestação de protozoários parasitos, Icthyophthirius multifiliis e Trichodina sp., em peixe espada, Xiphophorus helleri e em plati, Xiphophorus maculatus, coletados em uma piscicultura de peixes ornamentais no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Os peixes foram coletados mensalmente, durante um ano, dos viveiros e das caixas de estocagem. A prevalência da infestação nos peixes das caixas e dos viveiros foram, respectivamente, 34,2% e 22,5% para I. multifiliis e 13% e 54% para Trichodina sp. A elevada condutividade elétrica e o pH da água reduziram a infestação por I. multifiliis. A baixa concentração de oxigênio resultou em aumento na infestação por Trichodina sp. O uso do sal, para aumentar a condutividade elétrica da água, consistiu em um método de controle de I. multifiliis. A redução do oxigênio dissolvido e a adição de fertilizante orgânico favoreceram a reprodução de Trichodina sp.

  7. Acknowledgment - Issue 65

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Executive Editor

    2016-12-01

    • Andrés Vuotto (Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata - MDP, Argentina • Pedro Jorge Dimitri (Instituto Nacional de la Administración Pública, Argentina Reviewers invited • Adilson Luiz Pinto (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, BrasilCarlos Francisco Bitencourt Jorge (Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Brasil • Jayme Leyro Vilan Filho (Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasil • Murilo Bastos da Cunha (Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasil • Silvana Vilodre Goellner (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brasil In the same way our acknowledge to University Library System (University of Pittsburgh - PITTS, USA by constant technical support and advice for our journal.

  8. O programa Estúdio Móvel da TV Brasil no Facebook

    OpenAIRE

    Rozados, Helen Beatriz Frota; Corrêa, Rochele Tonello Zago

    2013-01-01

    Este artigo trata do uso do Facebook por programa de televisão pública. O objetivo geral é compreender com que finalidade o Estúdio Móvel da TV Brasil utiliza a rede social virtual Facebook, contextualizando a TV Pública Brasileira, a TV Brasil, o Núcleo Multimídia (NUMID) e o programa Estúdio Móvel. Apresenta o conceito de TV Social, convergência transmídia de conteúdos e o Estúdio Móvel no Facebook. Discute a metodologia aplicada e os resultados da pesquisa. Considera que os conteúdos compa...

  9. El perfil del consumidor de hostel en Brasil y sus motivaciones

    OpenAIRE

    Mané, Alexandra; Ferreira, Lissa

    2017-01-01

    El creciente número de hostels en Brasil ha atraído cada vez más brasileños que buscan este tipo de establecimiento para hospedarse. No obstante, vale destacar que deben realizarse más estudios que aborden la importancia de los hostels y sus consumidores en el mercado de turismo. Podrán contribuir al conocimiento teórico y práctico posibilitando un mejor entendimiento sobre este segmento. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar y describir el perfil del consumidor de hostel, sus motivacio...

  10. Reconstruction of Monte Carlo replicas from Hessian parton distributions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hou, Tie-Jiun [Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University,Dallas, TX 75275-0181 (United States); Gao, Jun [INPAC, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory,Argonne, Illinois, 60439 (United States); Huston, Joey [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University,East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Nadolsky, Pavel [Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University,Dallas, TX 75275-0181 (United States); Schmidt, Carl; Stump, Daniel [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University,East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Wang, Bo-Ting; Xie, Ke Ping [Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University,Dallas, TX 75275-0181 (United States); Dulat, Sayipjamal [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University,East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046 (China); Center for Theoretical Physics, Xinjiang University,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046 (China); Pumplin, Jon; Yuan, C.P. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University,East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States)

    2017-03-20

    We explore connections between two common methods for quantifying the uncertainty in parton distribution functions (PDFs), based on the Hessian error matrix and Monte-Carlo sampling. CT14 parton distributions in the Hessian representation are converted into Monte-Carlo replicas by a numerical method that reproduces important properties of CT14 Hessian PDFs: the asymmetry of CT14 uncertainties and positivity of individual parton distributions. The ensembles of CT14 Monte-Carlo replicas constructed this way at NNLO and NLO are suitable for various collider applications, such as cross section reweighting. Master formulas for computation of asymmetric standard deviations in the Monte-Carlo representation are derived. A correction is proposed to address a bias in asymmetric uncertainties introduced by the Taylor series approximation. A numerical program is made available for conversion of Hessian PDFs into Monte-Carlo replicas according to normal, log-normal, and Watt-Thorne sampling procedures.

  11. Sampling from a polytope and hard-disk Monte Carlo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kapfer, Sebastian C; Krauth, Werner

    2013-01-01

    The hard-disk problem, the statics and the dynamics of equal two-dimensional hard spheres in a periodic box, has had a profound influence on statistical and computational physics. Markov-chain Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics were first discussed for this model. Here we reformulate hard-disk Monte Carlo algorithms in terms of another classic problem, namely the sampling from a polytope. Local Markov-chain Monte Carlo, as proposed by Metropolis et al. in 1953, appears as a sequence of random walks in high-dimensional polytopes, while the moves of the more powerful event-chain algorithm correspond to molecular dynamics evolution. We determine the convergence properties of Monte Carlo methods in a special invariant polytope associated with hard-disk configurations, and the implications for convergence of hard-disk sampling. Finally, we discuss parallelization strategies for event-chain Monte Carlo and present results for a multicore implementation

  12. Problems in radiation shielding calculations with Monte Carlo methods

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ueki, Kohtaro

    1985-01-01

    The Monte Carlo method is a very useful tool for solving a large class of radiation transport problem. In contrast with deterministic method, geometric complexity is a much less significant problem for Monte Carlo calculations. However, the accuracy of Monte Carlo calculations is of course, limited by statistical error of the quantities to be estimated. In this report, we point out some typical problems to solve a large shielding system including radiation streaming. The Monte Carlo coupling technique was developed to settle such a shielding problem accurately. However, the variance of the Monte Carlo results using the coupling technique of which detectors were located outside the radiation streaming, was still not enough. So as to bring on more accurate results for the detectors located outside the streaming and also for a multi-legged-duct streaming problem, a practicable way of ''Prism Scattering technique'' is proposed in the study. (author)

  13. Cluster monte carlo method for nuclear criticality safety calculation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pei Lucheng

    1984-01-01

    One of the most important applications of the Monte Carlo method is the calculation of the nuclear criticality safety. The fair source game problem was presented at almost the same time as the Monte Carlo method was applied to calculating the nuclear criticality safety. The source iteration cost may be reduced as much as possible or no need for any source iteration. This kind of problems all belongs to the fair source game prolems, among which, the optimal source game is without any source iteration. Although the single neutron Monte Carlo method solved the problem without the source iteration, there is still quite an apparent shortcoming in it, that is, it solves the problem without the source iteration only in the asymptotic sense. In this work, a new Monte Carlo method called the cluster Monte Carlo method is given to solve the problem further

  14. Taxonomy Icon Data: Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 Synechocystis_sp_PCC_6803_L.png Synecho...cystis_sp_PCC_6803_NL.png Synechocystis_sp_PCC_6803_S.png Synechocystis_sp_PCC_6803_NS.png http://bi...osciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synechocystis+sp%2ePCC+6803&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synecho...cystis+sp%2ePCC+6803&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synecho...cystis+sp%2ePCC+6803&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synechocystis

  15. Cesariana no Brasil: uma análise epidemiológica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jefferson Carlos Tolentino Rodrigues

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available É comumente afirmado que o Brasil lidera o número de cesáreas no mundo. Desta forma, estetrabalho busca entender se o parto cesáreo é o principal procedimento cirúrgico eleito e sefatores socioeconômicos podem ser norteadores dessa escolha utilizando para tanto pesquisaevolutiva e comparação entre estados brasileiros. Analisou-se para tanto, a evolução durante osúltimos três anos do número de cesáreas no Brasil e comparou-se essa evolução tomando comobase os três estados mais pobres do Brasil com os três estados mais ricos. Assim, foi realizadoum estudo descritivo de corte transversal, em que se avaliou o número de cesarianas realizadasentre os anos de 2009 e 2011, contrapondo-os com o número de partos naturais, e como essenúmero foi modificado durante esse período. Verificou-se que o número de partos cesáreos emtodos os estados analisados é maior do que o de partos normais. Observou-se ainda que essenúmero é crescente e maior em estados com maior IDH. Conforme o presente estudo, o Brasilefetivamente continua tendo altos índices de partos por cesárea, sendo que mais da metadedos nascimentos ocorrem através do procedimento cirúrgico. Desta forma, a realidade brasileiracontrapõe aquilo que é recomendado pela OMS. Verificou-se também que o procedimentocesáreo vai sendo eleito paulatinamente como principal forma de parto no Brasil, mesmo entreestados menos desenvolvidos e, portanto, sem todos os recursos capazes a garantir o sucessodessa escolha.

  16. Pore-scale uncertainty quantification with multilevel Monte Carlo

    KAUST Repository

    Icardi, Matteo; Hoel, Haakon; Long, Quan; Tempone, Raul

    2014-01-01

    . Since there are no generic ways to parametrize the randomness in the porescale structures, Monte Carlo techniques are the most accessible to compute statistics. We propose a multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) technique to reduce the computational cost

  17. Wielandt acceleration for MCNP5 Monte Carlo eigenvalue calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brown, F.

    2007-01-01

    Monte Carlo criticality calculations use the power iteration method to determine the eigenvalue (k eff ) and eigenfunction (fission source distribution) of the fundamental mode. A recently proposed method for accelerating convergence of the Monte Carlo power iteration using Wielandt's method has been implemented in a test version of MCNP5. The method is shown to provide dramatic improvements in convergence rates and to greatly reduce the possibility of false convergence assessment. The method is effective and efficient, improving the Monte Carlo figure-of-merit for many problems. In addition, the method should eliminate most of the underprediction bias in confidence intervals for Monte Carlo criticality calculations. (authors)

  18. Monte Carlo shielding analyses using an automated biasing procedure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tang, J.S.; Hoffman, T.J.

    1988-01-01

    A systematic and automated approach for biasing Monte Carlo shielding calculations is described. In particular, adjoint fluxes from a one-dimensional discrete ordinates calculation are used to generate biasing parameters for a Monte Carlo calculation. The entire procedure of adjoint calculation, biasing parameters generation, and Monte Carlo calculation has been automated. The automated biasing procedure has been applied to several realistic deep-penetration shipping cask problems. The results obtained for neutron and gamma-ray transport indicate that with the automated biasing procedure Monte Carlo shielding calculations of spent-fuel casks can be easily performed with minimum effort and that accurate results can be obtained at reasonable computing cost

  19. Applications of the Monte Carlo method in radiation protection

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kulkarni, R.N.; Prasad, M.A.

    1999-01-01

    This paper gives a brief introduction to the application of the Monte Carlo method in radiation protection. It may be noted that an exhaustive review has not been attempted. The special advantage of the Monte Carlo method has been first brought out. The fundamentals of the Monte Carlo method have next been explained in brief, with special reference to two applications in radiation protection. Some sample current applications have been reported in the end in brief as examples. They are, medical radiation physics, microdosimetry, calculations of thermoluminescence intensity and probabilistic safety analysis. The limitations of the Monte Carlo method have also been mentioned in passing. (author)

  20. Gilliamella intestini sp. nov., Gilliamella bombicola sp. nov., Gilliamella bombi sp. nov. and Gilliamella mensalis sp. nov.: Four novel Gilliamella species isolated from the bumblebee gut.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Praet, Jessy; Cnockaert, Margo; Meeus, Ivan; Smagghe, Guy; Vandamme, Peter

    2017-06-01

    Spectra of five isolates (LMG 28358 T , LMG 29879 T , LMG 29880 T , LMG 28359 T and R-53705) obtained from gut samples of wild bumblebees of Bombus pascuorum, Bombus lapidarius and Bombus terrestris were grouped into four MALDI-TOF MS clusters. RAPD analysis revealed an identical DNA fingerprint for LMG 28359 T and R-53705 which also grouped in the same MALDI-TOF MS cluster, while different DNA fingerprints were obtained for the other isolates. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the four different strains identified Gilliamella apicola NCIMB 14804 T as nearest neighbour species. Average nucleotide identity values of draft genome sequences of the four isolates and of G. apicola NCIMB 14804 T were below the 96% threshold value for species delineation and all four strains and G. apicola NCIMB 14804 T were phenotypically distinct. Together, the draft genome sequences and phylogenetic and phenotypic data indicate that the four strains represent four novel Gilliamella species for which we propose the names Gilliamella intestini sp. nov., with LMG 28358 T as the type strain, Gilliamella bombicola sp. nov., with LMG 28359 T as the type strain, Gilliamella bombi sp. nov., with LMG 29879 T as the type strain and Gilliamella mensalis sp. nov., with LMG 29880 T as the type strain. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

  1. Current and future applications of Monte Carlo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zaidi, H.

    2003-01-01

    Full text: The use of radionuclides in medicine has a long history and encompasses a large area of applications including diagnosis and radiation treatment of cancer patients using either external or radionuclide radiotherapy. The 'Monte Carlo method'describes a very broad area of science, in which many processes, physical systems, and phenomena are simulated by statistical methods employing random numbers. The general idea of Monte Carlo analysis is to create a model, which is as similar as possible to the real physical system of interest, and to create interactions within that system based on known probabilities of occurrence, with random sampling of the probability density functions (pdfs). As the number of individual events (called 'histories') is increased, the quality of the reported average behavior of the system improves, meaning that the statistical uncertainty decreases. The use of the Monte Carlo method to simulate radiation transport has become the most accurate means of predicting absorbed dose distributions and other quantities of interest in the radiation treatment of cancer patients using either external or radionuclide radiotherapy. The same trend has occurred for the estimation of the absorbed dose in diagnostic procedures using radionuclides as well as the assessment of image quality and quantitative accuracy of radionuclide imaging. As a consequence of this generalized use, many questions are being raised primarily about the need and potential of Monte Carlo techniques, but also about how accurate it really is, what would it take to apply it clinically and make it available widely to the nuclear medicine community at large. Many of these questions will be answered when Monte Carlo techniques are implemented and used for more routine calculations and for in-depth investigations. In this paper, the conceptual role of the Monte Carlo method is briefly introduced and followed by a survey of its different applications in diagnostic and therapeutic

  2. El Control Policial-Medico-Securitario Brasileño

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thayara Silva Castelo Branco

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available El artículo trata de los contornos del nuevo modelo de gobierno medico-policial, introducido en Brasil a finales del siglo XIX , en los cuales tenía como objetivo promover la salud básica a través de la vía policialesca conectada al control y normalización de los peligrosos e indeseables. Así, cuestiona la medicalización y policialización de las acciones del gobierno que empiezó a conectar el concepto de "enfermedad" a la lógica de la anticipación del peligro, la delincuencia, el control, la exclusión e inocuização, cumpliendo así, la política de seguridad que allí sobresalía y que dejó graves consecuencias en el Brasil.

  3. EFEKTIFITAS DAYA HAMBAT BAKTERI Streptomyces sp TERHADAP Erwinia sp PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK REBAH PADA TANAMAN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe barbadensis Mill

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SARMILA TASNIM

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Streptomyces sp was conducted from December 2010 - June 2011 at the Laboratoryof Microbiology, Biology Department, Math and Science Faculty, UdayanaUniversity Bukit Jimbaran-Bali. Implementation stages of the research consisted ofisolation and testing of the antibiotic activity Streptomyces sp to inhibit growthbacterial pathogens Erwinia sp as a cause of disease in plants fallen foul (Soft rot ofAloe barbadensis Mill.The results of this study have eight isolates of Streptomyces spwith macroscopic and microscopic characters are varied. Furthermore, all isolateswere obtained and then tested against antibiotic activity to inhibit growth the bacteriaErwinia sp. Test results obtained by Streptomyces sp that has the most effective ininhibiting the ability of the bacteria Erwinia sp isolates are Streptomyces sp2for (45%.

  4. Rhodotorula rosulata sp. nov., Rhodotorula silvestris sp. nov. and Rhodotorula straminea sp. nov., novel myo-inositol-assimilating yeast species in the Microbotryomycetes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Golubev, Wladyslav I; Scorzetti, Gloria

    2010-10-01

    Three novel species are described as Rhodotorula rosulata sp. nov. (type strain VKM Y-2962(T) =CBS 10977(T)), Rhodotorula silvestris sp. nov. (type strain VKM Y-2971(T) =CBS 11420(T)) and Rhodotorula straminea sp. nov. (type strain VKM Y-2964(T) =CBS 10976(T)) based on the study of eight isolates from needle litter. The new species, phylogenetically located within the Microbotryomycetes, are related to glucuronate-assimilating species of the genus Rhodotorula. Sequencing of the D1/D2 domains of the LSU rDNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, as well as physiological characterization, revealed their distinct taxonomic positions.

  5. Revisão do gênero Willistoniella Mik, 1895 (Diptera, Ropalomeridae) da Região Neotropical Revision of the genus Willistoniella Mik, 1895 (Diptera, Ropalomeridae) of the Neotropical Region

    OpenAIRE

    Ana Paula Coelho Marques; Rosaly Ale-Rocha

    2005-01-01

    O gênero Willistoniella e a espécie-tipo W. pleuropunctata (Wiedemann, 1824), são redescritos. Três espécies novas, W. latiforceps sp. nov., W. spatulata sp. nov. e W. ulyssesi sp. nov., são descritas do Brasil (Amazonas). As quatro espécies são ilustradas e uma chave para espécies de Willistoniella é fornecida.The genus Willistoniella and the type-species W. pleuropunctata (Wiedemann, 1824), are redescribed. Three new species, W. latiforceps sp. nov., W. spatulata sp. nov. and W. ulyssesi sp...

  6. Quantum statistical Monte Carlo methods and applications to spin systems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Suzuki, M.

    1986-01-01

    A short review is given concerning the quantum statistical Monte Carlo method based on the equivalence theorem that d-dimensional quantum systems are mapped onto (d+1)-dimensional classical systems. The convergence property of this approximate tansformation is discussed in detail. Some applications of this general appoach to quantum spin systems are reviewed. A new Monte Carlo method, ''thermo field Monte Carlo method,'' is presented, which is an extension of the projection Monte Carlo method at zero temperature to that at finite temperatures

  7. SPQR: a Monte Carlo reactor kinetics code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cramer, S.N.; Dodds, H.L.

    1980-02-01

    The SPQR Monte Carlo code has been developed to analyze fast reactor core accident problems where conventional methods are considered inadequate. The code is based on the adiabatic approximation of the quasi-static method. This initial version contains no automatic material motion or feedback. An existing Monte Carlo code is used to calculate the shape functions and the integral quantities needed in the kinetics module. Several sample problems have been devised and analyzed. Due to the large statistical uncertainty associated with the calculation of reactivity in accident simulations, the results, especially at later times, differ greatly from deterministic methods. It was also found that in large uncoupled systems, the Monte Carlo method has difficulty in handling asymmetric perturbations

  8. Novos registros em Tillandsia L. (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae) para o Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Büneker,Henrique Mallmann; Pontes,Rodrigo Corrêa; Witeck-Neto,Leopoldo

    2015-01-01

    Resumo São registradas pela primeira vez para a flora do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil) Tillandsia loliacea Mart. ex Schult.f. e Tillandsia pohliana Mez, sendo também redescoberta Tillandsia bandensis Baker neste estado e Brasil. São fornecidas descrições, fotografias e dados de suas distribuições geográficas.

  9. Optix: A Monte Carlo scintillation light transport code

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Safari, M.J., E-mail: mjsafari@aut.ac.ir [Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amir Kabir University of Technology, PO Box 15875-4413, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Afarideh, H. [Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Amir Kabir University of Technology, PO Box 15875-4413, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Ghal-Eh, N. [School of Physics, Damghan University, PO Box 36716-41167, Damghan (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Davani, F. Abbasi [Nuclear Engineering Department, Shahid Beheshti University, PO Box 1983963113, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

    2014-02-11

    The paper reports on the capabilities of Monte Carlo scintillation light transport code Optix, which is an extended version of previously introduced code Optics. Optix provides the user a variety of both numerical and graphical outputs with a very simple and user-friendly input structure. A benchmarking strategy has been adopted based on the comparison with experimental results, semi-analytical solutions, and other Monte Carlo simulation codes to verify various aspects of the developed code. Besides, some extensive comparisons have been made against the tracking abilities of general-purpose MCNPX and FLUKA codes. The presented benchmark results for the Optix code exhibit promising agreements. -- Highlights: • Monte Carlo simulation of scintillation light transport in 3D geometry. • Evaluation of angular distribution of detected photons. • Benchmark studies to check the accuracy of Monte Carlo simulations.

  10. Bayesian phylogeny analysis via stochastic approximation Monte Carlo

    KAUST Repository

    Cheon, Sooyoung

    2009-11-01

    Monte Carlo methods have received much attention in the recent literature of phylogeny analysis. However, the conventional Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms, such as the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, tend to get trapped in a local mode in simulating from the posterior distribution of phylogenetic trees, rendering the inference ineffective. In this paper, we apply an advanced Monte Carlo algorithm, the stochastic approximation Monte Carlo algorithm, to Bayesian phylogeny analysis. Our method is compared with two popular Bayesian phylogeny software, BAMBE and MrBayes, on simulated and real datasets. The numerical results indicate that our method outperforms BAMBE and MrBayes. Among the three methods, SAMC produces the consensus trees which have the highest similarity to the true trees, and the model parameter estimates which have the smallest mean square errors, but costs the least CPU time. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Borrelia bissettiae sp. nov. and Borrelia californiensis sp. nov. prevail in diverse enzootic transmission cycles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Margos, Gabriele; Lane, Robert S; Fedorova, Natalia; Koloczek, Johannes; Piesman, Joseph; Hojgaard, Andrias; Sing, Andreas; Fingerle, Volker

    2016-03-01

    Two species of the genus Borrelia , Borrelia bissettiae sp. nov. and Borrelia californiensis sp. nov., were first described by Postic and co-workers on the basis of genetic analyses of several loci. Multilocus sequence analysis of eight housekeeping loci confirmed that these two Borrelia genomospecies are distinct members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. B. bissettiae sp. nov. was initially described in transmission cycles involving Neotoma fuscipes wood rats and Ixodes pacificus ticks in California, and Neotoma mexicana and Ixodes spinipalpis in Colorado. The preferred host of B. californiensis sp. nov. appears to be the California kangaroo rat, Dipodomys californicus ; Ixodes jellisoni , I. spinipalipis and I. pacificus ticks are naturally infected with it. Thus, the ecological associations of the two genomospecies and their genetic distance from all other known Borrelia genomospecies species justify their description as separate genomospecies: B. bissettiae sp. nov. (type strain DN127 T  = DSM 17990 T  =  CIP 109136 T ) and B. californiensis (type strain CA446 T  = DSM 17989 T  = ATCC BAA-2689 T ).

  12. Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Oksidasi Lemak pada Fillet Ikan Patin (Pangasius sp.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fatin Hidayati

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRAK Ikan patin merupakan ikan air tawar yang mengandung lemak dan protein tinggi sehingga apabila dilakukan penyimpanan rentan terjadi oksidasi yang mengakibatkan ketengikan. Sargassum sp. dengan kandungan fenol dan flavonoid mampu menghambat terjadinya oksidasi pada fillet ikan patin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan lama penyimpanan dalam menghambat terjadinya oksidasi pada fillet ikan patin. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan fillet ikan patin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah experimental laboratories dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak Sargassum sp. (0%, 1%, 1,5% dan 2% dan lama penyimpanan (hari ke-0, hari ke-2, hari ke-4, dan hari ke-6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan penambahan konsentrasi ekstrak Sargassum sp. dan lama penyimpanan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap nilai PV, nilai TBA, kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar air serta organoleptik (P < 0,05. Hasil penelitian tahap I didapatkan rendemen Sargassum sp. dengan pelarut etanol 96% sebesar 1,39%, kandungan fenol 1,813%, flavonoid 0,278% dan aktivitas antioksidan 99,1659 ppm (kuat. Hasil penelitian tahap II didapatkan nilai PV berkisar antara 2,03 - 19,82 meq/kg, nilai TBA 0,63 - 6,72 mg.mal/kg. Konsentrasi 1,5% merupakan konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak Sargassum sp. dalam menghambat oksidasi lemak pada fillet ikan patin selama penyimpanan. Kata kunci: Antioksidan, Ekstrak Sargassum sp., Lama Penyimpanan, Oksidasi lemak, Fillet Ikan patin ABSTRACT Catfish is a freshwater fish that contain high fat and protein so that if its stored it will susceptible to oxidation process which leads to rancidity. Sargassum sp. with its phenolic and flavonoid content are able to inhibit the oxidation process in catfish fillet. This research was aimed to know the effects of different concentrations of Sargassum sp. extracts and

  13. Present status and future prospects of neutronics Monte Carlo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gelbard, E.M.

    1990-01-01

    It is fair to say that the Monte Carlo method, over the last decade, has grown steadily more important as a neutronics computational tool. Apparently this has happened for assorted reasons. Thus, for example, as the power of computers has increased, the cost of the method has dropped, steadily becoming less and less of an obstacle to its use. In addition, more and more sophisticated input processors have now made it feasible to model extremely complicated systems routinely with really remarkable fidelity. Finally, as we demand greater and greater precision in reactor calculations, Monte Carlo is often found to be the only method accurate enough for use in benchmarking. Cross section uncertainties are now almost the only inherent limitations in our Monte Carlo capabilities. For this reason Monte Carlo has come to occupy a special position, interposed between experiment and other computational techniques. More and more often deterministic methods are tested by comparison with Monte Carlo, and cross sections are tested by comparing Monte Carlo with experiment. In this way one can distinguish very clearly between errors due to flaws in our numerical methods, and those due to deficiencies in cross section files. The special role of Monte Carlo as a benchmarking tool, often the only available benchmarking tool, makes it crucially important that this method should be polished to perfection. Problems relating to Eigenvalue calculations, variance reduction and the use of advanced computers are reviewed in this paper. (author)

  14. Diffusion Monte Carlo approach versus adiabatic computation for local Hamiltonians

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bringewatt, Jacob; Dorland, William; Jordan, Stephen P.; Mink, Alan

    2018-02-01

    Most research regarding quantum adiabatic optimization has focused on stoquastic Hamiltonians, whose ground states can be expressed with only real non-negative amplitudes and thus for whom destructive interference is not manifest. This raises the question of whether classical Monte Carlo algorithms can efficiently simulate quantum adiabatic optimization with stoquastic Hamiltonians. Recent results have given counterexamples in which path-integral and diffusion Monte Carlo fail to do so. However, most adiabatic optimization algorithms, such as for solving MAX-k -SAT problems, use k -local Hamiltonians, whereas our previous counterexample for diffusion Monte Carlo involved n -body interactions. Here we present a 6-local counterexample which demonstrates that even for these local Hamiltonians there are cases where diffusion Monte Carlo cannot efficiently simulate quantum adiabatic optimization. Furthermore, we perform empirical testing of diffusion Monte Carlo on a standard well-studied class of permutation-symmetric tunneling problems and similarly find large advantages for quantum optimization over diffusion Monte Carlo.

  15. Scalability of Parallel Spatial Direct Numerical Simulations on Intel Hypercube and IBM SP1 and SP2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Joslin, Ronald D.; Hanebutte, Ulf R.; Zubair, Mohammad

    1995-01-01

    The implementation and performance of a parallel spatial direct numerical simulation (PSDNS) approach on the Intel iPSC/860 hypercube and IBM SP1 and SP2 parallel computers is documented. Spatially evolving disturbances associated with the laminar-to-turbulent transition in boundary-layer flows are computed with the PSDNS code. The feasibility of using the PSDNS to perform transition studies on these computers is examined. The results indicate that PSDNS approach can effectively be parallelized on a distributed-memory parallel machine by remapping the distributed data structure during the course of the calculation. Scalability information is provided to estimate computational costs to match the actual costs relative to changes in the number of grid points. By increasing the number of processors, slower than linear speedups are achieved with optimized (machine-dependent library) routines. This slower than linear speedup results because the computational cost is dominated by FFT routine, which yields less than ideal speedups. By using appropriate compile options and optimized library routines on the SP1, the serial code achieves 52-56 M ops on a single node of the SP1 (45 percent of theoretical peak performance). The actual performance of the PSDNS code on the SP1 is evaluated with a "real world" simulation that consists of 1.7 million grid points. One time step of this simulation is calculated on eight nodes of the SP1 in the same time as required by a Cray Y/MP supercomputer. For the same simulation, 32-nodes of the SP1 and SP2 are required to reach the performance of a Cray C-90. A 32 node SP1 (SP2) configuration is 2.9 (4.6) times faster than a Cray Y/MP for this simulation, while the hypercube is roughly 2 times slower than the Y/MP for this application. KEY WORDS: Spatial direct numerical simulations; incompressible viscous flows; spectral methods; finite differences; parallel computing.

  16. Annual report - Industrias Nucleares do Brasil S A - 1998; Relatorio anual - Industrias Nucleares do Brasil S A - 1998

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1999-07-01

    The annual report of 1998 of Industrias Nucleares do Brasil S A - Brazilian company responsible for the industrial activities of the nuclear fuel cycle - introduces the next main topics: mineral resource directory main actions; industrial directory main actions; finance and administration directory main actions; transparency; environment, safety and quality; the company; and financial statements.

  17. Neutron point-flux calculation by Monte Carlo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eichhorn, M.

    1986-04-01

    A survey of the usual methods for estimating flux at a point is given. The associated variance-reducing techniques in direct Monte Carlo games are explained. The multigroup Monte Carlo codes MC for critical systems and PUNKT for point source-point detector-systems are represented, and problems in applying the codes to practical tasks are discussed. (author)

  18. Frequency domain Monte Carlo simulation method for cross power spectral density driven by periodically pulsed spallation neutron source using complex-valued weight Monte Carlo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamamoto, Toshihiro

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • The cross power spectral density in ADS has correlated and uncorrelated components. • A frequency domain Monte Carlo method to calculate the uncorrelated one is developed. • The method solves the Fourier transformed transport equation. • The method uses complex-valued weights to solve the equation. • The new method reproduces well the CPSDs calculated with time domain MC method. - Abstract: In an accelerator driven system (ADS), pulsed spallation neutrons are injected at a constant frequency. The cross power spectral density (CPSD), which can be used for monitoring the subcriticality of the ADS, is composed of the correlated and uncorrelated components. The uncorrelated component is described by a series of the Dirac delta functions that occur at the integer multiples of the pulse repetition frequency. In the present paper, a Monte Carlo method to solve the Fourier transformed neutron transport equation with a periodically pulsed neutron source term has been developed to obtain the CPSD in ADSs. Since the Fourier transformed flux is a complex-valued quantity, the Monte Carlo method introduces complex-valued weights to solve the Fourier transformed equation. The Monte Carlo algorithm used in this paper is similar to the one that was developed by the author of this paper to calculate the neutron noise caused by cross section perturbations. The newly-developed Monte Carlo algorithm is benchmarked to the conventional time domain Monte Carlo simulation technique. The CPSDs are obtained both with the newly-developed frequency domain Monte Carlo method and the conventional time domain Monte Carlo method for a one-dimensional infinite slab. The CPSDs obtained with the frequency domain Monte Carlo method agree well with those with the time domain method. The higher order mode effects on the CPSD in an ADS with a periodically pulsed neutron source are discussed

  19. A bebida de Ninkasi em terras tupiniquins: O mercado da cerveja e o Turismo Cervejeiro no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ewerton Reubens Coelho-Costa

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available O artigo versa sobre o mercado de cervejas e o turismo cervejeiro no Brasil. Apresenta considerações sobre a origem da cerveja no mundo, a chegada da bebida ao Brasil e o panorama de produção e consumo da bebida no país, na contemporaneidade. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório com base na revisão bibliográfica, que tem como objetivo averiguar o potencial da cerveja artesanal para o desenvolvimento do turismo cervejeiro brasileiro. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destaca-se que o número de cervejaria artesanais no Brasil é incerto pela falta de dados oficiais; o turismo cervejeiro no Brasil tem maior expressividade a partir da existência de eventos ligados à cerveja; o Brasil dispões de roteiros turísticos para este nicho do mercado onde um dos principais atrativos está na visitação às fabricas de cerveja para entender o processo de fabricação e degustar diferentes tipos da bebida.  Palavras-chave: Cerveja, turismo cervejeiro, mercado.

  20. Shell model the Monte Carlo way

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ormand, W.E.

    1995-01-01

    The formalism for the auxiliary-field Monte Carlo approach to the nuclear shell model is presented. The method is based on a linearization of the two-body part of the Hamiltonian in an imaginary-time propagator using the Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation. The foundation of the method, as applied to the nuclear many-body problem, is discussed. Topics presented in detail include: (1) the density-density formulation of the method, (2) computation of the overlaps, (3) the sign of the Monte Carlo weight function, (4) techniques for performing Monte Carlo sampling, and (5) the reconstruction of response functions from an imaginary-time auto-correlation function using MaxEnt techniques. Results obtained using schematic interactions, which have no sign problem, are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the method, while an extrapolation method for realistic Hamiltonians is presented. In addition, applications at finite temperature are outlined

  1. Shell model the Monte Carlo way

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ormand, W.E.

    1995-03-01

    The formalism for the auxiliary-field Monte Carlo approach to the nuclear shell model is presented. The method is based on a linearization of the two-body part of the Hamiltonian in an imaginary-time propagator using the Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation. The foundation of the method, as applied to the nuclear many-body problem, is discussed. Topics presented in detail include: (1) the density-density formulation of the method, (2) computation of the overlaps, (3) the sign of the Monte Carlo weight function, (4) techniques for performing Monte Carlo sampling, and (5) the reconstruction of response functions from an imaginary-time auto-correlation function using MaxEnt techniques. Results obtained using schematic interactions, which have no sign problem, are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the method, while an extrapolation method for realistic Hamiltonians is presented. In addition, applications at finite temperature are outlined.

  2. Research on perturbation based Monte Carlo reactor criticality search

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li Zeguang; Wang Kan; Li Yangliu; Deng Jingkang

    2013-01-01

    Criticality search is a very important aspect in reactor physics analysis. Due to the advantages of Monte Carlo method and the development of computer technologies, Monte Carlo criticality search is becoming more and more necessary and feasible. Traditional Monte Carlo criticality search method is suffered from large amount of individual criticality runs and uncertainty and fluctuation of Monte Carlo results. A new Monte Carlo criticality search method based on perturbation calculation is put forward in this paper to overcome the disadvantages of traditional method. By using only one criticality run to get initial k_e_f_f and differential coefficients of concerned parameter, the polynomial estimator of k_e_f_f changing function is solved to get the critical value of concerned parameter. The feasibility of this method was tested. The results show that the accuracy and efficiency of perturbation based criticality search method are quite inspiring and the method overcomes the disadvantages of traditional one. (authors)

  3. Monte Carlo learning/biasing experiment with intelligent random numbers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Booth, T.E.

    1985-01-01

    A Monte Carlo learning and biasing technique is described that does its learning and biasing in the random number space rather than the physical phase-space. The technique is probably applicable to all linear Monte Carlo problems, but no proof is provided here. Instead, the technique is illustrated with a simple Monte Carlo transport problem. Problems encountered, problems solved, and speculations about future progress are discussed. 12 refs

  4. Temperature variance study in Monte-Carlo photon transport theory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Giorla, J.

    1985-10-01

    We study different Monte-Carlo methods for solving radiative transfer problems, and particularly Fleck's Monte-Carlo method. We first give the different time-discretization schemes and the corresponding stability criteria. Then we write the temperature variance as a function of the variances of temperature and absorbed energy at the previous time step. Finally we obtain some stability criteria for the Monte-Carlo method in the stationary case [fr

  5. Monte Carlo applications to radiation shielding problems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Subbaiah, K.V.

    2009-01-01

    Monte Carlo methods are a class of computational algorithms that rely on repeated random sampling of physical and mathematical systems to compute their results. However, basic concepts of MC are both simple and straightforward and can be learned by using a personal computer. Uses of Monte Carlo methods require large amounts of random numbers, and it was their use that spurred the development of pseudorandom number generators, which were far quicker to use than the tables of random numbers which had been previously used for statistical sampling. In Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transport, the history (track) of a particle is viewed as a random sequence of free flights that end with an interaction event where the particle changes its direction of movement, loses energy and, occasionally, produces secondary particles. The Monte Carlo simulation of a given experimental arrangement (e.g., an electron beam, coming from an accelerator and impinging on a water phantom) consists of the numerical generation of random histories. To simulate these histories we need an interaction model, i.e., a set of differential cross sections (DCS) for the relevant interaction mechanisms. The DCSs determine the probability distribution functions (pdf) of the random variables that characterize a track; 1) free path between successive interaction events, 2) type of interaction taking place and 3) energy loss and angular deflection in a particular event (and initial state of emitted secondary particles, if any). Once these pdfs are known, random histories can be generated by using appropriate sampling methods. If the number of generated histories is large enough, quantitative information on the transport process may be obtained by simply averaging over the simulated histories. The Monte Carlo method yields the same information as the solution of the Boltzmann transport equation, with the same interaction model, but is easier to implement. In particular, the simulation of radiation

  6. Adidos Trabalhistas e lideres sindicais norteamericanos no Brasil 1943 – 1952

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo José Afonso

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho analisa documentos restritos e secretos do Departamento de Estado norte-americano, principalmente os Relatórios “Mensais do Trabalho”, relatórios do FBI, da CIA e do Departamento do Trabalho dos Estados Unidos, e procura descrever a ação dos Adidos Trabalhistas Americanos e Ingleses no Brasil, no período de 1943 a 1952, como elementos-chave na política externa dos Estados Unidos, direcionada à possível intervenção em assuntos internos brasileiros. O presente estudo destaca, igualmente, a tarefa de líderes sindicais norte-americanos, ligados à Federação Americana do Trabalho e ao Departamento de Estado - em visita ao Brasil no período descrito, no intento de obter a cooptação de líderes sindicais brasileiros para a associação na formação de uma grande Central Sindical Mundial, cujo intuito era o controle do movimento operário do Brasil e de outros países sob sua influência.

  7. A sp2+sp3 hybridized carbon allotrope transformed from AB stacking graphyne and THD-graphene

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yu Zhang

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available New carbon allotropes can be designed by combining sp, sp2 and sp3 three hybridization states. And the hybridization states or coordination numbers of carbon atoms can be changed by applying high pressure on carbon materials. In this study, a common high pressure phase (named as TBBC transformed from AB-stacking graphyne or THD-graphene is predicted. Its kinetic stability is examined using finite displacement method. We find that the sp2 and sp3 hybridized carbon atoms behave different vibration features at high frequency region. Both graphene-like and diamond-like vibration peaks occurs. Phase transition energy barriers from both graphyne and THD-graphene to TBBC are estimated. Electronic structure calculations show that the TBBC is an indirect semiconductor with a bandgap of 0.66 eV. The ideal tensile strength of TBBC is high in [0001] and [11¯00] directions, but is weak along [12¯10] direction.

  8. Randomized quasi-Monte Carlo simulation of fast-ion thermalization

    Science.gov (United States)

    Höök, L. J.; Johnson, T.; Hellsten, T.

    2012-01-01

    This work investigates the applicability of the randomized quasi-Monte Carlo method for simulation of fast-ion thermalization processes in fusion plasmas, e.g. for simulation of neutral beam injection and radio frequency heating. In contrast to the standard Monte Carlo method, the quasi-Monte Carlo method uses deterministic numbers instead of pseudo-random numbers and has a statistical weak convergence close to {O}(N^{-1}) , where N is the number of markers. We have compared different quasi-Monte Carlo methods for a neutral beam injection scenario, which is solved by many realizations of the associated stochastic differential equation, discretized with the Euler-Maruyama scheme. The statistical convergence of the methods is measured for time steps up to 214.

  9. Biosorption characteristics of copper (II), chromium (III), nickel (II), and lead (II) from aqueous solutions by Chara sp. and Cladophora sp.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Elmaci, Ayşe; Yonar, Taner; Ozengin, Nihan

    2007-09-01

    The aim of this research was to expose individual removals of copper, chromium, nickel, and lead from aqueous solutions via biosorption using nonliving algae species, Chara sp. and Cladophora sp. Optimum pH values for biosorption of copper (II), chromium (III), nickel (II), and lead (II) from aqueous solutions were determined to be 6, 7, 7, and 3 for Cladophora sp. and 5, 3, 5, and 4 for Chara sp. respectively. Maximum adsorption capacities of Chara sp. [10.54 for chromium (III) and 61.72 for lead (II)] and Cladophora sp. [6.59 for chromium (III) and 16.75 and 23.25 for lead (II)] for chromium (III) and lead (II) are similar. On the other hand, copper (II) and nickel (II) biosorption capacity of Cladophora sp. [14.28 for copper (II) and 16.75 for nickel (II)] is greater than Chara sp. [6.506 for copper (II) and 11.76 for nickel (II)]. Significantly high correlation coefficients indicated for the Langmuir adsorption isotherm models can be used to describe the equilibrium behavior of copper, chromium, nickel, and lead adsorption onto Cladophora sp. and Chara sp.

  10. Debating the Social Thinking of Carlos Nelson Coutinho

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruno Bruziguessi

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available BRAZ, Marcelo; RODRIGUES, Mavi (Org.. Cultura, democracia e socialismo: as idéias de Carlos Nelson Coutinho em debate. [Culture, democracy and socialism: The ideas of Carlos Nelson Coutinho in debate]. Rio de Janeiro: Mórula, 2016. 248 p.

  11. A Monte Carlo algorithm for the Vavilov distribution

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yi, Chul-Young; Han, Hyon-Soo

    1999-01-01

    Using the convolution property of the inverse Laplace transform, an improved Monte Carlo algorithm for the Vavilov energy-loss straggling distribution of the charged particle is developed, which is relatively simple and gives enough accuracy to be used for most Monte Carlo applications

  12. Adaptive Multilevel Monte Carlo Simulation

    KAUST Repository

    Hoel, H

    2011-08-23

    This work generalizes a multilevel forward Euler Monte Carlo method introduced in Michael B. Giles. (Michael Giles. Oper. Res. 56(3):607–617, 2008.) for the approximation of expected values depending on the solution to an Itô stochastic differential equation. The work (Michael Giles. Oper. Res. 56(3):607– 617, 2008.) proposed and analyzed a forward Euler multilevelMonte Carlo method based on a hierarchy of uniform time discretizations and control variates to reduce the computational effort required by a standard, single level, Forward Euler Monte Carlo method. This work introduces an adaptive hierarchy of non uniform time discretizations, generated by an adaptive algorithmintroduced in (AnnaDzougoutov et al. Raùl Tempone. Adaptive Monte Carlo algorithms for stopped diffusion. In Multiscale methods in science and engineering, volume 44 of Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. Eng., pages 59–88. Springer, Berlin, 2005; Kyoung-Sook Moon et al. Stoch. Anal. Appl. 23(3):511–558, 2005; Kyoung-Sook Moon et al. An adaptive algorithm for ordinary, stochastic and partial differential equations. In Recent advances in adaptive computation, volume 383 of Contemp. Math., pages 325–343. Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2005.). This form of the adaptive algorithm generates stochastic, path dependent, time steps and is based on a posteriori error expansions first developed in (Anders Szepessy et al. Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 54(10):1169– 1214, 2001). Our numerical results for a stopped diffusion problem, exhibit savings in the computational cost to achieve an accuracy of ϑ(TOL),from(TOL−3), from using a single level version of the adaptive algorithm to ϑ(((TOL−1)log(TOL))2).

  13. Nested Sampling with Constrained Hamiltonian Monte Carlo

    OpenAIRE

    Betancourt, M. J.

    2010-01-01

    Nested sampling is a powerful approach to Bayesian inference ultimately limited by the computationally demanding task of sampling from a heavily constrained probability distribution. An effective algorithm in its own right, Hamiltonian Monte Carlo is readily adapted to efficiently sample from any smooth, constrained distribution. Utilizing this constrained Hamiltonian Monte Carlo, I introduce a general implementation of the nested sampling algorithm.

  14. Monte Carlo computation in the applied research of nuclear technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu Shuyan; Liu Baojie; Li Qin

    2007-01-01

    This article briefly introduces Monte Carlo Methods and their properties. It narrates the Monte Carlo methods with emphasis in their applications to several domains of nuclear technology. Monte Carlo simulation methods and several commonly used computer software to implement them are also introduced. The proposed methods are demonstrated by a real example. (authors)

  15. OS BRASILEIROS E O BRASIL DE AQUILINO: O MINEIRO CARIOCA E OS OUTROS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Topa (Univ. Porto

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available O artigo estuda a representação do brasileiro – o português que emigrou para o Brasil e regressa rico à terra natal – e do Brasil na obra de um dos grandes romancistas portugueses, Aquilino Ribeiro (1885-1963, mostrando como estamos já longe do estereótipo caricatural promovido por Camilo Castelo Branco e outros autores oitocentistas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Aquilino Ribeiro; brasileiro de torna-viagem; Brasil Abstract The article analyzes the representation of the brasileiro – the Portuguese who emigrated to Brazil and rich returns to his homeland – and Brazil in the work of one of the great Portuguese novelists, Aquilino Ribeiro (1885-1963, showing how we are past the cartoonish stereotype promoted by Camilo Castelo Branco and other nineteenth-century authors.KEYWORDS: Aquilino Ribeiro; brasileiro; Brazil

  16. Shell model Monte Carlo methods

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koonin, S.E.

    1996-01-01

    We review quantum Monte Carlo methods for dealing with large shell model problems. These methods reduce the imaginary-time many-body evolution operator to a coherent superposition of one-body evolutions in fluctuating one-body fields; resultant path integral is evaluated stochastically. We first discuss the motivation, formalism, and implementation of such Shell Model Monte Carlo methods. There then follows a sampler of results and insights obtained from a number of applications. These include the ground state and thermal properties of pf-shell nuclei, thermal behavior of γ-soft nuclei, and calculation of double beta-decay matrix elements. Finally, prospects for further progress in such calculations are discussed. 87 refs

  17. Formulation of a minimal nutritional medium for enhanced lipid productivity in Chlorella sp. and Botryococcus sp. using response surface methodology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vishwakarma, Rashi; Dhar, Dolly Wattal; Pabbi, Sunil

    2018-03-01

    Chlorella sp. MCC 7 and Botryococcus sp. MCC 31 were investigated to enable large-scale biodiesel production from minimal constituents in the growth medium. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to maximise the biomass productivity and lipid yield using only nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) as urea, single super phosphate and muriate of potash. The optimum values were 0.42 g/L nitrogen; 0.14 g/L phosphorus and 0.22 g/L potassium for Chlorella sp.; and 0.46 g/L; 0.14 g/L and 0.25 g/L for Botryococcus sp. Lipid yield of 42% for Chlorella sp. and 52% in Botryococcus sp. was observed. An enhancement in lipid yield by approximately 55% for Chlorella sp. and 73% for Botryococcus sp. was registered as compared to original nutrient medium. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of extracted lipids revealed characteristic bands for triglycerides. This study provided utilisation of a practicable nutrient recipe in the form of N, P, K input for enhanced lipid yield from the selected microalgal strains.

  18. Statistics of Monte Carlo methods used in radiation transport calculation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Datta, D.

    2009-01-01

    Radiation transport calculation can be carried out by using either deterministic or statistical methods. Radiation transport calculation based on statistical methods is basic theme of the Monte Carlo methods. The aim of this lecture is to describe the fundamental statistics required to build the foundations of Monte Carlo technique for radiation transport calculation. Lecture note is organized in the following way. Section (1) will describe the introduction of Basic Monte Carlo and its classification towards the respective field. Section (2) will describe the random sampling methods, a key component of Monte Carlo radiation transport calculation, Section (3) will provide the statistical uncertainty of Monte Carlo estimates, Section (4) will describe in brief the importance of variance reduction techniques while sampling particles such as photon, or neutron in the process of radiation transport

  19. Multiple histogram method and static Monte Carlo sampling

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Inda, M.A.; Frenkel, D.

    2004-01-01

    We describe an approach to use multiple-histogram methods in combination with static, biased Monte Carlo simulations. To illustrate this, we computed the force-extension curve of an athermal polymer from multiple histograms constructed in a series of static Rosenbluth Monte Carlo simulations. From

  20. Forest canopy BRDF simulation using Monte Carlo method

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Huang, J.; Wu, B.; Zeng, Y.; Tian, Y.

    2006-01-01

    Monte Carlo method is a random statistic method, which has been widely used to simulate the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) of vegetation canopy in the field of visible remote sensing. The random process between photons and forest canopy was designed using Monte Carlo method.

  1. Discrete Diffusion Monte Carlo for Electron Thermal Transport

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chenhall, Jeffrey; Cao, Duc; Wollaeger, Ryan; Moses, Gregory

    2014-10-01

    The iSNB (implicit Schurtz Nicolai Busquet electron thermal transport method of Cao et al. is adapted to a Discrete Diffusion Monte Carlo (DDMC) solution method for eventual inclusion in a hybrid IMC-DDMC (Implicit Monte Carlo) method. The hybrid method will combine the efficiency of a diffusion method in short mean free path regions with the accuracy of a transport method in long mean free path regions. The Monte Carlo nature of the approach allows the algorithm to be massively parallelized. Work to date on the iSNB-DDMC method will be presented. This work was supported by Sandia National Laboratory - Albuquerque.

  2. Caminhos comoventes: Concretismo, neoconcretismo e arte contemporânea no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Otavio Leonidio

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available O artigo problematiza os nexos existentes entre modernismo, concretismo, neoconcretismo e arte contemporânea no Brasil, abordados aqui a partir da análise de uma obra específica – a performance Symbebeko, da artista Juliana Notari, ocorrida em março de 2011 no vão-livre do Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro/MAM. Defende-se a tese de que, em contraste com narrativas mais ou menos canônicas, a passagem do moderno ao contemporâneo é marcada, no Brasil, por compromissos e contradições inusitadas e por vezes surpreendentes.

  3. Reis do Congo no Brasil, séculos XVIII e XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina de Mello e Souza

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Esse artigo busca explicar a presença de reinados negros, depois chamados de congadas, em quase todas as regiões do Brasil que receberam escravos africanos, do século XVI ao XIX. O enfoque adotado abarca Portugal, África Central e Brasil como partes integrantes de um mesmo sistema econômico, social e cultural, tecido em torno do Atlântico. A esfera da cultura e as relações de poder são os centros focais da análise, que se preocupa acima de tudo com a formação de identidades.

  4. Monte Carlo techniques in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zaidi, H.

    2002-01-01

    Monte Carlo techniques have become one of the most popular tools in different areas of medical radiation physics following the development and subsequent implementation of powerful computing systems for clinical use. In particular, they have been extensively applied to simulate processes involving random behaviour and to quantify physical parameters that are difficult or even impossible to calculate analytically or to determine by experimental measurements. The use of the Monte Carlo method to simulate radiation transport turned out to be the most accurate means of predicting absorbed dose distributions and other quantities of interest in the radiation treatment of cancer patients using either external or radionuclide radiotherapy. The same trend has occurred for the estimation of the absorbed dose in diagnostic procedures using radionuclides. There is broad consensus in accepting that the earliest Monte Carlo calculations in medical radiation physics were made in the area of nuclear medicine, where the technique was used for dosimetry modelling and computations. Formalism and data based on Monte Carlo calculations, developed by the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) committee of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, were published in a series of supplements to the Journal of Nuclear Medicine, the first one being released in 1968. Some of these pamphlets made extensive use of Monte Carlo calculations to derive specific absorbed fractions for electron and photon sources uniformly distributed in organs of mathematical phantoms. Interest in Monte Carlo-based dose calculations with β-emitters has been revived with the application of radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies to radioimmunotherapy. As a consequence of this generalized use, many questions are being raised primarily about the need and potential of Monte Carlo techniques, but also about how accurate it really is, what would it take to apply it clinically and make it available widely to the medical physics

  5. Monte Carlo strategies in scientific computing

    CERN Document Server

    Liu, Jun S

    2008-01-01

    This paperback edition is a reprint of the 2001 Springer edition This book provides a self-contained and up-to-date treatment of the Monte Carlo method and develops a common framework under which various Monte Carlo techniques can be "standardized" and compared Given the interdisciplinary nature of the topics and a moderate prerequisite for the reader, this book should be of interest to a broad audience of quantitative researchers such as computational biologists, computer scientists, econometricians, engineers, probabilists, and statisticians It can also be used as the textbook for a graduate-level course on Monte Carlo methods Many problems discussed in the alter chapters can be potential thesis topics for masters’ or PhD students in statistics or computer science departments Jun Liu is Professor of Statistics at Harvard University, with a courtesy Professor appointment at Harvard Biostatistics Department Professor Liu was the recipient of the 2002 COPSS Presidents' Award, the most prestigious one for sta...

  6. Off-diagonal expansion quantum Monte Carlo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Albash, Tameem; Wagenbreth, Gene; Hen, Itay

    2017-12-01

    We propose a Monte Carlo algorithm designed to simulate quantum as well as classical systems at equilibrium, bridging the algorithmic gap between quantum and classical thermal simulation algorithms. The method is based on a decomposition of the quantum partition function that can be viewed as a series expansion about its classical part. We argue that the algorithm not only provides a theoretical advancement in the field of quantum Monte Carlo simulations, but is optimally suited to tackle quantum many-body systems that exhibit a range of behaviors from "fully quantum" to "fully classical," in contrast to many existing methods. We demonstrate the advantages, sometimes by orders of magnitude, of the technique by comparing it against existing state-of-the-art schemes such as path integral quantum Monte Carlo and stochastic series expansion. We also illustrate how our method allows for the unification of quantum and classical thermal parallel tempering techniques into a single algorithm and discuss its practical significance.

  7. Mapeamento Epidemiológico das Parasitoses Intestinais em Seis Bairros do Município de Araraquara/SP

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viviane Ferre de Souza

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available No Brasil, grandes inquéritos coproparasitológicos foram realizados até a década de 70. Nos últimos anos, contamos apenas com trabalhos isolados, que nem sempre podem ser comparados. Entretanto, nas regiões com infra-estrutura urbana deficiente, os inquéritos mostram que grande parte da população residente encontra-se parasitada (Gross et al., 1994: Santana et al., 1994. O estudo epidemiológico de quaisquer parasitas intestinais proporciona diversas informações, especialmente quanto à insalubridade do meio, nível e extensão do saneamento básico de uma região e também quanto aos hábitos higiênicos da população em estudo. Desta forma, neste estudo tivemos como objetivo caracterizar a incidência de parasitoses intestinais em moradores de seis bairros do município de Araraquara/SP. Nossos resultados demonstraram a grande incidência de parasitas intestinais. A Endolimax nana foi o parasita intestinal mais encontrado. Embora não sendo patogênico, sua existência revela a exposição destas pessoas a contaminantes fecais. A Giardia lamblia foi o parasita intestinal patogênico mais encontrado. Houve similaridade de acometimento das parasitoses tanto no sexo feminino quanto no masculino. O bairro Selmi Dei obteve o maior índice dessas parasitoses, caracterizando-se como o bairro de maior preocupação para saúde pública do município de Araraquara/SP.

  8. Variational Monte Carlo Technique

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Resonance – Journal of Science Education; Volume 19; Issue 8. Variational Monte Carlo Technique: Ground State Energies of Quantum Mechanical Systems. Sukanta Deb. General Article Volume 19 Issue 8 August 2014 pp 713-739 ...

  9. Blaise Cendrars e o Brasil: "Brésil, des hommes sont venus"

    OpenAIRE

    Wimmer, Norma [UNESP

    2013-01-01

    The paper intitled Blaise Cendrars and Brazil: Brésil, des hommes sont venus discusses the way Cendrars portrays Brazil, and also debates his influence on the artists of the Semana de Arte Moderna (Modern Art Week) in 1922. O texto intitulado Blaise Cendrars e o Brasil: Brésil, des hommes sont venus tece considerações acerca da perspectiva sob a qual Cendrars vê o Brasil, bem como de sua relação com os artistas da Semana de Arte Moderna de 1922.

  10. Diptera, Muscidae, Cariocamyia maculosa Snyder: Primeiro Registro para o Nordeste do Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Thayana Monteiro; Freddy Ruben Bravo

    2011-01-01

    Cariocamyia maculosa Snyder, é um Muscidae com registros para a Colômbia e Brasil (regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste). Em um levantamento de dípteros saprófagos na cidade de Feira de Santana no estado da Bahia com iscas de origem orgânico animal em putrefação, foram coletados 46 espécimes de C. maculosa. Esse é o primeiro registro da espécie para a Bahia e Nordeste do Brasil. Apesar de C. maculosa ter sido encontrada...

  11. Dynamic bounds coupled with Monte Carlo simulations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rajabalinejad, M., E-mail: M.Rajabalinejad@tudelft.n [Faculty of Civil Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft (Netherlands); Meester, L.E. [Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft (Netherlands); Gelder, P.H.A.J.M. van; Vrijling, J.K. [Faculty of Civil Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft (Netherlands)

    2011-02-15

    For the reliability analysis of engineering structures a variety of methods is known, of which Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is widely considered to be among the most robust and most generally applicable. To reduce simulation cost of the MC method, variance reduction methods are applied. This paper describes a method to reduce the simulation cost even further, while retaining the accuracy of Monte Carlo, by taking into account widely present monotonicity. For models exhibiting monotonic (decreasing or increasing) behavior, dynamic bounds (DB) are defined, which in a coupled Monte Carlo simulation are updated dynamically, resulting in a failure probability estimate, as well as a strict (non-probabilistic) upper and lower bounds. Accurate results are obtained at a much lower cost than an equivalent ordinary Monte Carlo simulation. In a two-dimensional and a four-dimensional numerical example, the cost reduction factors are 130 and 9, respectively, where the relative error is smaller than 5%. At higher accuracy levels, this factor increases, though this effect is expected to be smaller with increasing dimension. To show the application of DB method to real world problems, it is applied to a complex finite element model of a flood wall in New Orleans.

  12. Coded aperture optimization using Monte Carlo simulations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Martineau, A.; Rocchisani, J.M.; Moretti, J.L.

    2010-01-01

    Coded apertures using Uniformly Redundant Arrays (URA) have been unsuccessfully evaluated for two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging in Nuclear Medicine. The images reconstructed from coded projections contain artifacts and suffer from poor spatial resolution in the longitudinal direction. We introduce a Maximum-Likelihood Expectation-Maximization (MLEM) algorithm for three-dimensional coded aperture imaging which uses a projection matrix calculated by Monte Carlo simulations. The aim of the algorithm is to reduce artifacts and improve the three-dimensional spatial resolution in the reconstructed images. Firstly, we present the validation of GATE (Geant4 Application for Emission Tomography) for Monte Carlo simulations of a coded mask installed on a clinical gamma camera. The coded mask modelling was validated by comparison between experimental and simulated data in terms of energy spectra, sensitivity and spatial resolution. In the second part of the study, we use the validated model to calculate the projection matrix with Monte Carlo simulations. A three-dimensional thyroid phantom study was performed to compare the performance of the three-dimensional MLEM reconstruction with conventional correlation method. The results indicate that the artifacts are reduced and three-dimensional spatial resolution is improved with the Monte Carlo-based MLEM reconstruction.

  13. Empolgação com Copa freia protestos nas redes sociais no Brasil e no mundo

    OpenAIRE

    Zarko, Raphael

    2014-01-01

    Depois da Copa das Confederações de 2013 serem marcadas pelas manifestações contrárias à realização e gastos excessivos para o Mundial do Brasil – tanto nas ruas quanto na internet -, a impressão de que houve uma queda nos protestos da Copa do Mundo do Brasil se confirma com uma ampla pesquisa nas redes sociais. Em monitoramento de mais de 11 milhões de mensagens de Twitter no Brasil e no mundo, o número de menções a protestos é de apenas 17 mil – percentualmente, significa dizer que apenas 0...

  14. BRASIL BAJO INFLUENCIA NAPOLEÓNICA Y FRANCESA: LOS MENSAJEROS DE LA INDEPENDENCIA: MILITARES, LIBREROS Y PERIODISTAS

    OpenAIRE

    PUIGMAL, PATRICK

    2013-01-01

    La historiografía clásica presenta la independencia de Brasil como un evento particular, generalmente aislado del acontecer continental y sin hacer referencia a la influencia militar y política napoleónica. Este artículo tiene como propósito principal entender la emancipación brasileña en un contexto mucho más amplio y demostrar la amplia presencia e influencia napoleónica en el marco de la lucha militar y de la construcción del Estado nuevo, permitiendo así integrar a Brasil en un movimiento...

  15. Randomized quasi-Monte Carlo simulation of fast-ion thermalization

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Höök, L J; Johnson, T; Hellsten, T

    2012-01-01

    This work investigates the applicability of the randomized quasi-Monte Carlo method for simulation of fast-ion thermalization processes in fusion plasmas, e.g. for simulation of neutral beam injection and radio frequency heating. In contrast to the standard Monte Carlo method, the quasi-Monte Carlo method uses deterministic numbers instead of pseudo-random numbers and has a statistical weak convergence close to O(N -1 ), where N is the number of markers. We have compared different quasi-Monte Carlo methods for a neutral beam injection scenario, which is solved by many realizations of the associated stochastic differential equation, discretized with the Euler-Maruyama scheme. The statistical convergence of the methods is measured for time steps up to 2 14 . (paper)

  16. Usefulness of the Monte Carlo method in reliability calculations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lanore, J.M.; Kalli, H.

    1977-01-01

    Three examples of reliability Monte Carlo programs developed in the LEP (Laboratory for Radiation Shielding Studies in the Nuclear Research Center at Saclay) are presented. First, an uncertainty analysis is given for a simplified spray system; a Monte Carlo program PATREC-MC has been written to solve the problem with the system components given in the fault tree representation. The second program MONARC 2 has been written to solve the problem of complex systems reliability by the Monte Carlo simulation, here again the system (a residual heat removal system) is in the fault tree representation. Third, the Monte Carlo program MONARC was used instead of the Markov diagram to solve the simulation problem of an electric power supply including two nets and two stand-by diesels

  17. Combinatorial nuclear level density by a Monte Carlo method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cerf, N.

    1994-01-01

    We present a new combinatorial method for the calculation of the nuclear level density. It is based on a Monte Carlo technique, in order to avoid a direct counting procedure which is generally impracticable for high-A nuclei. The Monte Carlo simulation, making use of the Metropolis sampling scheme, allows a computationally fast estimate of the level density for many fermion systems in large shell model spaces. We emphasize the advantages of this Monte Carlo approach, particularly concerning the prediction of the spin and parity distributions of the excited states,and compare our results with those derived from a traditional combinatorial or a statistical method. Such a Monte Carlo technique seems very promising to determine accurate level densities in a large energy range for nuclear reaction calculations

  18. Monte Carlo variance reduction approaches for non-Boltzmann tallies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Booth, T.E.

    1992-12-01

    Quantities that depend on the collective effects of groups of particles cannot be obtained from the standard Boltzmann transport equation. Monte Carlo estimates of these quantities are called non-Boltzmann tallies and have become increasingly important recently. Standard Monte Carlo variance reduction techniques were designed for tallies based on individual particles rather than groups of particles. Experience with non-Boltzmann tallies and analog Monte Carlo has demonstrated the severe limitations of analog Monte Carlo for many non-Boltzmann tallies. In fact, many calculations absolutely require variance reduction methods to achieve practical computation times. Three different approaches to variance reduction for non-Boltzmann tallies are described and shown to be unbiased. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the approaches are discussed

  19. Para quem ler?: os números do analfabetismo no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paloma Cristina de Souza

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo traz um compilado de dados estatísticos sobre o analfabetismo no Brasil, possíveis causas e justificativas, e sua relação com outros aspectos socioeconômicos do país. Com base na observação e análise dos números fornecidos pelo Governo Federal, por meio do IBGE (PNAD e Censo 2010, procuramos demonstrar a influência das políticas públicas nos dados e, sobretudo de que forma esses números refletem (se é que refletem a realidade do país. Palavras-chave: analfabetismo estatísticas; Brasil; regiões; políticas públicas.

  20. À PARTE - Pensamento Autoritário e Modernidade no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silene de Moraes Freire

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available

    O presente artigo analisa a vinculação do pensamento autoritário ao
    projeto político do capital industrial no Brasil entre os anos 1930 e 1940, por
    meio de estudo de trabalhos representativos da época e de outras pesquisas e
    ensaios sobre o tema. A conclusão central é sobre a forma instrumental desse
    pensamento político para a legitimação de uma modernização de tipo conservadora
    caminho da modernização capitalista brasileira.
    Palavras-chave: Pensamento Político Autoritário; Brasil; Revolução Burguesa.

  1. Discrete diffusion Monte Carlo for frequency-dependent radiative transfer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Densmore, Jeffery D.; Thompson, Kelly G.; Urbatsch, Todd J.

    2011-01-01

    Discrete Diffusion Monte Carlo (DDMC) is a technique for increasing the efficiency of Implicit Monte Carlo radiative-transfer simulations. In this paper, we develop an extension of DDMC for frequency-dependent radiative transfer. We base our new DDMC method on a frequency integrated diffusion equation for frequencies below a specified threshold. Above this threshold we employ standard Monte Carlo. With a frequency-dependent test problem, we confirm the increased efficiency of our new DDMC technique. (author)

  2. Who Writes Carlos Bulosan?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Charlie Samuya Veric

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available The importance of Carlos Bulosan in Filipino and Filipino-American radical history and literature is indisputable. His eminence spans the pacific, and he is known, diversely, as a radical poet, fictionist, novelist, and labor organizer. Author of the canonical America Iis the Hearts, Bulosan is celebrated for chronicling the conditions in America in his time, such as racism and unemployment. In the history of criticism on Bulosan's life and work, however, there is an undeclared general consensus that views Bulosan and his work as coherent permanent texts of radicalism and anti-imperialism. Central to the existence of such a tradition of critical reception are the generations of critics who, in more ways than one, control the discourse on and of Carlos Bulosan. This essay inquires into the sphere of the critical reception that orders, for our time and for the time ahead, the reading and interpretation of Bulosan. What eye and seeing, the essay asks, determine the perception of Bulosan as the angel of radicalism? What is obscured in constructing Bulosan as an immutable figure of the political? What light does the reader conceive when the personal is brought into the open and situated against the political? the essay explores the answers to these questions in Bulosan's loving letters to various friends, strangers, and white American women. The presence of these interrogations, the essay believes, will secure ultimately the continuing importance of Carlos Bulosan to radical literature and history.

  3. Uncertainty analysis in Monte Carlo criticality computations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qi Ao

    2011-01-01

    Highlights: ► Two types of uncertainty methods for k eff Monte Carlo computations are examined. ► Sampling method has the least restrictions on perturbation but computing resources. ► Analytical method is limited to small perturbation on material properties. ► Practicality relies on efficiency, multiparameter applicability and data availability. - Abstract: Uncertainty analysis is imperative for nuclear criticality risk assessments when using Monte Carlo neutron transport methods to predict the effective neutron multiplication factor (k eff ) for fissionable material systems. For the validation of Monte Carlo codes for criticality computations against benchmark experiments, code accuracy and precision are measured by both the computational bias and uncertainty in the bias. The uncertainty in the bias accounts for known or quantified experimental, computational and model uncertainties. For the application of Monte Carlo codes for criticality analysis of fissionable material systems, an administrative margin of subcriticality must be imposed to provide additional assurance of subcriticality for any unknown or unquantified uncertainties. Because of a substantial impact of the administrative margin of subcriticality on economics and safety of nuclear fuel cycle operations, recently increasing interests in reducing the administrative margin of subcriticality make the uncertainty analysis in criticality safety computations more risk-significant. This paper provides an overview of two most popular k eff uncertainty analysis methods for Monte Carlo criticality computations: (1) sampling-based methods, and (2) analytical methods. Examples are given to demonstrate their usage in the k eff uncertainty analysis due to uncertainties in both neutronic and non-neutronic parameters of fissionable material systems.

  4. Modified Monte Carlo procedure for particle transport problems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Matthes, W.

    1978-01-01

    The simulation of photon transport in the atmosphere with the Monte Carlo method forms part of the EURASEP-programme. The specifications for the problems posed for a solution were such, that the direct application of the analogue Monte Carlo method was not feasible. For this reason the standard Monte Carlo procedure was modified in the sense that additional properly weighted branchings at each collision and transport process in a photon history were introduced. This modified Monte Carlo procedure leads to a clear and logical separation of the essential parts of a problem and offers a large flexibility for variance reducing techniques. More complex problems, as foreseen in the EURASEP-programme (e.g. clouds in the atmosphere, rough ocean-surface and chlorophyl-distribution in the ocean) can be handled by recoding some subroutines. This collision- and transport-splitting procedure can of course be performed differently in different space- and energy regions. It is applied here only for a homogeneous problem

  5. Desviación positiva y responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE. La experiencia de Ethos en Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alam Aguilar-Platas

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo de investigación analiza la fundación y la expansión del Instituto Ethos, una organización sin ánimo de lucro que ha contribuido a crear y desarrollar la infraestructura necesaria para fomentar la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE en Brasil. Entre 1998 y 2008, el Instituto Ethos reunió a más de 1200 pequeñas, medianas y grandes empresas con el fin de ayudarles a administrar sus negocios de una manera socialmente responsable en Brasil. Estas empresas en la actualidad representan aproximadamente un 35% del PIB en Brasil y emplean alrededor de 2 millones de personas. Los resultados de esta investigación sugieren que Ethos ha logrado difundir la RSE aplicando una perspectiva basada en el uso de la desviación positiva en el mundo de los negocios en Brasil. El artículo contribuye a los debates sobre RSE a partir de la identificación de un mecanismo de difusión de la RSE utilizando un modelo de desviación positiva.

  6. Expediente - 2014 (2

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Revista de Ensino de Bioquímica

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Equipe de Trabalho 2014 1. Equipe editorial Editor-Chefe Bayardo Bapstista Torres, Instituto de Química - USP, Brasil Eduardo Galembeck, Departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Biologia UNICAMP, Brasil   Co-editores Gabriel Gerber Hornink, Depto. Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade - Federal de Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Brasil Vera Maria Treis Trindade, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil   Corpo Editorial Adriana Cassina, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguai Angel Herráez, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología molecular, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Espanha André Amaral Gonçalves Bianco, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp, Brasil Denise Vaz de Macedo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Brasil Eneida de Paula, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Brasil Guilherme Andrade Marson, Instituto de Química - USP, Brasil Jose Antonio Martinez Oyanedel, Universidad de Concepción, Chile Josep Maria Fernández Novell, Dept. Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Universitat de Barcelona, Espanha Leila Maria Beltramini, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo - USP, Brasil Manuel João da Costa, Escola de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Minho, Portugal Maria Lucia Bianconi, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ, Brasil María Noel Alvarez, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguai Miguel Ángel Medina Torres, Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Málaga, Espanha Nelma Regina Segnini Bossolan, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Brasil Paulo De Avila

  7. Introducing heterogeneity in Monte Carlo models for risk assessments of high-level nuclear waste. A parallel implementation of the MLCRYSTAL code

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Andersson, M.

    1996-09-01

    We have introduced heterogeneity to an existing model as a special feature and simultaneously extended the model from 1D to 3D. Briefly, the code generates stochastic fractures in a given geosphere. These fractures are connected in series to form one pathway for radionuclide transport from the repository to the biosphere. Rock heterogeneity is realized by simulating physical and chemical properties for each fracture, i.e. these properties vary along the transport pathway (which is an ensemble of all fractures serially connected). In this case, each Monte Carlo simulation involves a set of many thousands of realizations, one for each pathway. Each pathway can be formed by approx. 100 fractures. This means that for a Monte Carlo simulation of 1000 realizations, we need to perform a total of 100,000 simulations. Therefore the introduction of heterogeneity has increased the CPU demands by two orders of magnitude. To overcome the demand for CPU, the program, MLCRYSTAL, has been implemented in a parallel workstation environment using the MPI, Message Passing Interface, and later on ported to an IBM-SP2 parallel supercomputer. The program is presented here and a preliminary set of results is given with the conclusions that can be drawn. 3 refs, 12 figs.

  8. Introducing heterogeneity in Monte Carlo models for risk assessments of high-level nuclear waste. A parallel implementation of the MLCRYSTAL code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andersson, M.

    1996-09-01

    We have introduced heterogeneity to an existing model as a special feature and simultaneously extended the model from 1D to 3D. Briefly, the code generates stochastic fractures in a given geosphere. These fractures are connected in series to form one pathway for radionuclide transport from the repository to the biosphere. Rock heterogeneity is realized by simulating physical and chemical properties for each fracture, i.e. these properties vary along the transport pathway (which is an ensemble of all fractures serially connected). In this case, each Monte Carlo simulation involves a set of many thousands of realizations, one for each pathway. Each pathway can be formed by approx. 100 fractures. This means that for a Monte Carlo simulation of 1000 realizations, we need to perform a total of 100,000 simulations. Therefore the introduction of heterogeneity has increased the CPU demands by two orders of magnitude. To overcome the demand for CPU, the program, MLCRYSTAL, has been implemented in a parallel workstation environment using the MPI, Message Passing Interface, and later on ported to an IBM-SP2 parallel supercomputer. The program is presented here and a preliminary set of results is given with the conclusions that can be drawn. 3 refs, 12 figs

  9. An Overview of the Monte Carlo Application ToolKit (MCATK)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Trahan, Travis John [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

    2016-01-07

    MCATK is a C++ component-based Monte Carlo neutron-gamma transport software library designed to build specialized applications and designed to provide new functionality in existing general-purpose Monte Carlo codes like MCNP; it was developed with Agile software engineering methodologies under the motivation to reduce costs. The characteristics of MCATK can be summarized as follows: MCATK physics – continuous energy neutron-gamma transport with multi-temperature treatment, static eigenvalue (k and α) algorithms, time-dependent algorithm, fission chain algorithms; MCATK geometry – mesh geometries, solid body geometries. MCATK provides verified, unit-tested Monte Carlo components, flexibility in Monte Carlo applications development, and numerous tools such as geometry and cross section plotters. Recent work has involved deterministic and Monte Carlo analysis of stochastic systems. Static and dynamic analysis is discussed, and the results of a dynamic test problem are given.

  10. nos anos 40 e 50 no Brasil, no século XX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana de Oliveira Gomes

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Estudio de cuño histórico–social, tiene como objeto: las luchas de las enfermeras católicas por mejores posiciones en el campo de la educación y de la práctica de enfermería en el Brasil. Tuvo como objetivos; describir las circunstancias que llevaron a las enfermeras católicas a organizarse políticamente; analizar la creación de la Unión Católica de las Enfermeras del Brasil como una estrategia de lucha de las enfermeras católicas y, comentar la importancia de la Unión para el realineamiento del campo de la educación y de la práctica de la enfermería en el Brasil. Fuentes primarias; los documentos escritos y testimonios orales. Se utilizaron como fuentes secundaras; libros, artículos, disertaciones y tesis que tratan sobre el tema. La Unión fue creada con la finalidad de congregar en una única asociación de clase, enfermeras-religiosas y enfermeras católicas laicas. Así contribuyó para asegurar el fortalecimiento de la enfermería de carácter católico en el campo de la educación y de la práctica, lo que instituyó un nuevo modelo de enfermería en la sociedad brasileña.

  11. [Design and implementation of the ELSA-Brasil biobank: a prospective study in a Brazilian population].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pereira, Alexandre C; Bensenor, Isabela M; Fedeli, Ligia M; Castilhos, Cristina; Vidigal, Pedro G; Maniero, Viviane; Leite, Claudia M; Pimentel, Robercia A; Duncan, Bruce B; Mill, Jose Geraldo; Lotufo, Paulo A

    2013-06-01

    The Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) is a multicenter prospective cohort of civil servants designed to assess the determinants of chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The present article describes the main design and implementation points of the ELSA-Brasil biobank project. Economic, political, logistical and technological aspects of this study are characterized. Additionally, it discusses the final biorepository protocol and the facilities implemented to achieve this objective. The design and implementation process of the ELSA-Brasil biobank took three years to be performed. Both the central and local biobanks were built according to the best biorepository techniques, using different technological solutions for the distinct needs expected in this study.

  12. Intenções versus desempenho: o Brasil na política externa portuguesa (1976-2007

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Sofia Fonseca

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Partindo dos eixos orientadores da política externa portuguesa no pós-25 de Abril de 1974, o artigo visa compreender o enquadramento do Brasil nas opções da política externa portuguesa, centrando-se na análise dos programas dos Governos Constitucionais, nas visitas oficiais, no investimento português no Brasil e na influência da imigração brasileira na política externa. Pretendemos mostrar que, apesar das alterações exigidas pela democratização portuguesa, a relação com o Brasil subsistiu embora tenha prevalecido a retórica e o simbolismo sobre as concretizações práticas.

  13. Efficiency and accuracy of Monte Carlo (importance) sampling

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Waarts, P.H.

    2003-01-01

    Monte Carlo Analysis is often regarded as the most simple and accurate reliability method. Be-sides it is the most transparent method. The only problem is the accuracy in correlation with the efficiency. Monte Carlo gets less efficient or less accurate when very low probabilities are to be computed

  14. Effect of garlic solution to Bacillus sp. removal

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zainol, N.; Rahim, S. R.

    2018-04-01

    Biofilm is a microbial derived sessile community characterized by cells that are irreversibly attached to a substratum or interface to each other, embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances that they have produced. Bacillus sp. was used as biofilm model in this study. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Garlic solution in term of ratio of water and Garlic solution (W/G) and ratio of Garlic solution to Bacillus sp. (GS/B) on Bacillus sp removal. Garlic solution was used to remove Bacillus sp. In this study, Garlic solution was prepared by crushing the garlic and mixed it with water. the Garlic solution was added into Bacillus sp. mixture and mixed well. The mixture then was spread on nutrient agar. The Bacillus sp. weight on agar plate was measured by using dry weight measurement method. In this study, initially Garlic solution volume and Garlic solution concentration were studied using one factor at time (OFAT). Later two-level-factorial analysis was done to determine the most contributing factor in Bacillus sp. removal. Design Expert software (Version 7) was used to construct experimental table where all the factors were randomized. Bacilus sp removal was ranging between 42.13% to 99.6%. The analysis of the results showed that at W/G of 1:1, Bacillus sp. removal increased when more Garlic solution was added to Bacillus sp. Effect of Garlic solution to Bacillus sp. will be understood which in turn may be beneficial for the industrial purpose.

  15. Suppression of the initial transient in Monte Carlo criticality simulations; Suppression du regime transitoire initial des simulations Monte-Carlo de criticite

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Richet, Y

    2006-12-15

    Criticality Monte Carlo calculations aim at estimating the effective multiplication factor (k-effective) for a fissile system through iterations simulating neutrons propagation (making a Markov chain). Arbitrary initialization of the neutron population can deeply bias the k-effective estimation, defined as the mean of the k-effective computed at each iteration. A simplified model of this cycle k-effective sequence is built, based on characteristics of industrial criticality Monte Carlo calculations. Statistical tests, inspired by Brownian bridge properties, are designed to discriminate stationarity of the cycle k-effective sequence. The initial detected transient is, then, suppressed in order to improve the estimation of the system k-effective. The different versions of this methodology are detailed and compared, firstly on a plan of numerical tests fitted on criticality Monte Carlo calculations, and, secondly on real criticality calculations. Eventually, the best methodologies observed in these tests are selected and allow to improve industrial Monte Carlo criticality calculations. (author)

  16. Monte Carlo criticality analysis for dissolvers with neutron poison

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yu, Deshun; Dong, Xiufang; Pu, Fuxiang.

    1987-01-01

    Criticality analysis for dissolvers with neutron poison is given on the basis of Monte Carlo method. In Monte Carlo calculations of thermal neutron group parameters for fuel pieces, neutron transport length is determined in terms of maximum cross section approach. A set of related effective multiplication factors (K eff ) are calculated by Monte Carlo method for the three cases. Related numerical results are quite useful for the design and operation of this kind of dissolver in the criticality safety analysis. (author)

  17. Revisão do gênero Willistoniella Mik, 1895 (Diptera, Ropalomeridae) da Região Neotropical

    OpenAIRE

    Marques, Ana Paula Coelho; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

    2005-01-01

    O gênero Willistoniella e a espécie-tipo W. pleuropunctata (Wiedemann, 1824), são redescritos. Três espécies novas, W. latiforceps sp. nov., W. spatulata sp. nov. e W. ulyssesi sp. nov., são descritas do Brasil (Amazonas). As quatro espécies são ilustradas e uma chave para espécies de Willistoniella é fornecida. The genus Willistoniella and the type-species W. pleuropunctata (Wiedemann, 1824), are redescribed. Three new species, W. latiforceps sp. nov., W. spatulata sp. nov. and W. ulysses...

  18. Streptomyces sp. Sebagai Biofungisida Patogen Fusarium oxysporum (Schlecht. f.sp. lycopersici (Sacc. Snyd. et Hans. Penyebab Penyakit Layu Pada Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    NURI MANDAN SARI

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available A research was conducted to isolate Streptomyces sp. of soil Udayana University campus in theBukit-Jimbaran, to obtain the most effective Streptomyces sp. which is effective in inhibit the growth ofFusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, and to test response of tomato plants with Streptomyces sp.culture against Fusarium wilt desease. Implementation phases of the research consisted of isolation andidentification of Streptomyces sp, test the inhibition against F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, and in vivotest used by dyeing the roots of the tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum with Fusarium spores andafter 30 seconds the roots were dyeing Streptomyces culture. Furthermore, sterile soil in polybagwatered by Fusarium spores and Streptomyces culture at the same time. Based on morphologicalcharacteristic it found five isolates of Streptomyces sp.. The antagonist test showed Streptomyces sp.1 had ability (75% against Fusarium, Streptomyces sp 2 (68,3%, Streptomyces sp. 3 (71,6%,Streptomyces sp. 4 (63,3%, and Streptomyces sp. 5 (21,6%. All Streptomyces suppressed thegrowth of Fusarium on tomato plants in glass house (p<0,05. Streptomyces sp.3 suppressed Fusariumwilt disease in tomato from 88% in control to 20%.

  19. Historiografía didáctica brasileñaen el siglo XIX: Joaquim Manuel de Macedo y sus Lecciones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Paula Squinelo

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available El Proceso de Independencia brasileño ocurrido en 1822 ha impuesto a la intelectualidad de la Nación recién Formada la Necesidad de Pensar y Construir su Historia Relación pecado con los designios de Portugal. Dos Espacios concibieron e irradiaron los Conocimientos Acerca de la Historia brasileña: el Colegio de Pedro II (1837 y el Instituto Histórico y Geográfico Brasileño (1838. En ESE contexto Joaquim Manuel de Macedo escribio la obra Lições de Historia do Brasil (1861 Presentando ONU Método para Enseñar y estudiar la Historia Nacional. Propongo En Esta Reflexión ONU Diálogo con la historiografía didáctica brasileña en el siglo XIX desde la Obra Lições de Macedo y Tomando Como directriz los Contenidos Relacionados a la Guerra del Paraguay.

  20. Variational Monte Carlo Technique

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    ias

    on the development of nuclear weapons in Los Alamos ..... cantly improved the paper. ... Carlo simulations of solids, Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol.73, pp.33– ... The computer algorithms are usually based on a random seed that starts the ...