Characterization of a novel yeast species Metschnikowia persimmonesis KCTC 12991BP (KIOM G15050 type strain) isolated from a medicinal plant, Korean persimmon calyx (Diospyros kaki Thumb)

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Kang, Young Min; Choi, Ji Eun; Komakech, Richard; Park, Jeong Hwan; Kim, Dae Wook; Cho, Kye Man; Kang, Seung Mi; Choi, Sang Haeng; Song, Kun Chul; Ryu, Chung Min; Lee, Keun Chul; Lee, Jung-Sook

2017-01-01

The yeast strain Metschnikowia persimmonesis Kang and Choi et al., sp. nov. [type strain KIOM_G15050 = Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) 12991BP] was isolated from the stalk of native persimmon cultivars (Diospyros kaki Thumb) obtained from different regions of South Korea and was characterized phenotypically, genetically, and physiologically. The isolate grew between 4 and 40 °C (optimum temperature: 24–28 °C), pH 3–8 (pH optimum = 6.0), and in 0–4% NaCl solution (with optimal growt...

Bio-photonic detection method for morphological analysis of anthracnose disease and physiological disorders of Diospyros kaki

Science.gov (United States)

Wijesinghe, Ruchire Eranga; Lee, Seung-Yeol; Ravichandran, Naresh Kumar; Shirazi, Muhammad Faizan; Moon, Byungin; Jung, Hee-Young; Jeon, Mansik; Kim, Jeehyun

2017-04-01

The pathological and physiological defects in various types of fruits lead to large amounts of economical waste. It is well recognized that internal fruit defects due to pathological infections and physiological disorders can be effectively visualized at an initial stage of the disease using a well-known bio-photonic detection method called optical coherence tomography (OCT). This work investigates the use of OCT for identifying the morphological variations of anthracnose (bitter rot) disease infected and physiologically disordered Diospyros kaki (Asian Persimmon) fruits. An experiment was conducted using fruit samples that were carefully selected from persimmon orchards. Depth-resolved images with a high axial resolution were acquired using 850-nm-based spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) system. The obtained exemplary high-resolution two-dimensional and volumetric three-dimensional images revealed complementary morphological differences between healthy and defected samples. Moreover, the obtained depth-profile analysis results confirmed the disappearance of the healthy cell layers among the healthy-infected boundary regions. Thus, the proposed method has the potential to increase the diagnostic accuracy of the OCT technique used in agricultural plantations.

Exogenous application of natural extracts of persimmon ( Diospyros ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) fruit is delicious as well as rich in nutritive and medicinal values. The fruit is not available throughout the year and also could not be grown across the world but is liked in many countries. Many people have access only to the dried fruits. Therefore, the demand of quality dry fruit is very ...

Protective Effect of Diospyros kaki against Glucose-Oxygen-Serum Deprivation-Induced PC12 Cells Injury

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Fatemeh Forouzanfar

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is one of the most common causes of death in the world. Recent interests have been focused on natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents as potentially useful neuroprotective agents. Diospyros kaki (persimmon has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antineoplastic effects. However, its effects on ischemic damage have not been evaluated. Here, we used an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia and studied the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of peel (PeHE and fruit pulp (PuHE of persimmon on cell viability and markers of oxidative damage mainly intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS induced by glucose-oxygen-serum deprivation (GOSD in PC12 cells. GOSD for 6 h produced significant cell death which was accompanied by increased levels of ROS. Pretreatment with different concentrations of PeHE and PuHE (0–500 μg/mL for 2 and 24 h markedly restored these changes only at high concentrations. However, no significant differences were seen in the protection against ischemic insult between different extracts and the time of exposure. The experimental results suggest that persimmon protects the PC12 cells from GOSD-induced injury via antioxidant mechanisms. Our findings might raise the possibility of potential therapeutic application of persimmon for managing cerebral ischemic and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Teores de carboidratos em órgãos lenhosos do caquizeiro em clima tropical Carbohydrate content in persimmon tree woody organs in tropical climate

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Carlos Eduardo Corsato

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Nas fruteiras caducifólias, o metabolismo de carboidratos constitui-se no principal mecanismo que garante a sua sobrevivência no período de dormência, estando, também, relacionado ao seu potencial produtivo em safras subseqüentes. Conhecer a forma como a planta utiliza esses carboidratos durante o seu desenvolvimento é um passo importante para o entendimento das suas relações fonte-dreno e para fundamentar algumas práticas de manejo, como a poda e o raleio de frutos. Caracterizar a variação dos teores de amido e de carboidratos solúveis totais em órgãos lenhosos do caquizeiro (Diospyros kaki L., no decorrer do seu desenvolvimento fenológico, foi o objeto de investigação do presente estudo. O trabalho foi conduzido em um pomar de caquizeiros localizado na área experimental da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ, em Piracicaba, Estado de São Paulo, durante o ciclo 2002/2003. A fenologia das plantas foi caracterizada pelo período de ocorrência e duração do alongamento dos ramos, florescimento, desenvolvimento dos frutos e das folhas e do abortamento natural de frutos. A variação dos teores desses carboidratos em ramos e em raízes foi analisada tendo por base os diferentes estádios fenológicos. Ocorreram variações significativas no teor desses carboidratos no período de estudo. A mobilização do amido nos ramos teve grande importância na sustentação de um novo ciclo de brotações. O maior consumo de amido ocorreu durante a abscisão foliar, e a reposição no seu estoque, nos ramos e nas raízes ocorreu, principalmente, entre o florescimento e a abscisão foliar.In deciduous fruit trees, the carbohydrate's metabolism are recognized as the main mechanism that ensures their survival during the rest period. Besides it, the very same metabolism is related to the productive potential in subsequent harvest seasons. Knowing how the plants use those carbohydrates during their development and growth is

Transferability of retrotransposon primers derived from Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) across other plant species.

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Du, X Y; Hu, Q N; Zhang, Q L; Wang, Y B; Luo, Z R

2013-06-06

Retrotransposon-based molecular markers are powerful molecular tools. However, these markers are not readily available due to the difficulty in obtaining species-specific retrotransposon primers. Although recent techniques enabling the rapid isolation of retrotransposon sequences have facilitated primer development, this process nonetheless remains time-consuming and costly. Therefore, research into the transferability of retrotransposon primers developed from one plant species onto others would be of great value. The present study investigated the transferability of retrotransposon primers derived from 'Luotian-tianshi' persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) across other fruit crops, as well as within the genus using inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism molecular marker. Fourteen of the 26 retrotransposon primers tested (53.85%) produced robust and reproducible amplification products across all fruit crops tested, indicating their applicability across plant species. Four of the 13 fruit crops showed the best transferability performances: persimmon, grape, citrus, and peach. Furthermore, similarity coefficients and UPGMA clustering indicated that these primers could further offer a potential tool for germplasm differentiation, parentage identification, genetic diversity assessment, classification, and phylogenetic studies across a variety of plant species. Transferability was further confirmed by examining published primers derived from Rosaceae, Gramineae, and Solanaceae. This study is one of the few currently available studies concerning the transferability of retrotransposon primers across plant species in general, and is the first successful study of the transferability of retrotransposon primers derived from persimmon. The primers presented here will help reduce costs for future retrotransposon primer development and therefore contribute to the popularization of retrotransposon molecular markers.

Characterization of a novel yeast species Metschnikowia persimmonesis KCTC 12991BP (KIOM G15050 type strain) isolated from a medicinal plant, Korean persimmon calyx (Diospyros kaki Thumb).

Science.gov (United States)

Kang, Young Min; Choi, Ji Eun; Komakech, Richard; Park, Jeong Hwan; Kim, Dae Wook; Cho, Kye Man; Kang, Seung Mi; Choi, Sang Haeng; Song, Kun Chul; Ryu, Chung Min; Lee, Keun Chul; Lee, Jung-Sook

2017-11-10

The yeast strain Metschnikowia persimmonesis Kang and Choi et al., sp. nov. [type strain KIOM_G15050 = Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) 12991BP] was isolated from the stalk of native persimmon cultivars (Diospyros kaki Thumb) obtained from different regions of South Korea and was characterized phenotypically, genetically, and physiologically. The isolate grew between 4 and 40 °C (optimum temperature: 24-28 °C), pH 3-8 (pH optimum = 6.0), and in 0-4% NaCl solution (with optimal growth in absence of NaCl). It also exhibited strong antibiotic and antimicrobial activities. Morphologically, cells were characterized by the presence of long, needle-shaped ascospores. Based on 18S ribosomal DNA gene sequence analysis, the new species was found to belong to the genus Metschnikowia as a sister clade of Metschnikowia fructicola. We therefore conclude that this yeast isolate from D. kaki is a new member of the genus Metschnikowia and propose the name M. persimmonesis sp. nov. This strain has been deposited in the KCTC for future reference. This discovery provides a basis for future research on M. persimmonesis sp. nov., including its possible contribution to the medicinal properties of the host persimmon plant.

Anticancer activity of calyx of Diospyros kaki Thunb. through downregulation of cyclin D1 via inducing proteasomal degradation and transcriptional inhibition in human colorectal cancer cells.

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Park, Su Bin; Park, Gwang Hun; Song, Hun Min; Son, Ho-Jun; Um, Yurry; Kim, Hyun-Seok; Jeong, Jin Boo

2017-09-05

Although it has been reported to contain high polyphenols, the pharmacological studies of the calyx of Diospyros kaki Thunb (DKC) have not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we elucidated anti-cancer activity and potential molecular mechanism of DKC against human colorectal cancer cells. Anti-cell proliferative effect of 70% ethanol extracts from the calyx of Diospyros kaki (DKC-E70) was evaluated by MTT assay. The effect of DKC-E70 on the expression of cyclin D1 in the protein and mRNA level was evaluated by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. DKC-E70 suppressed the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cell lines such as HCT116, SW480, LoVo and HT-29. Although DKC-E70 decreased cyclin D1 expression in protein and mRNA level, decreased level of cyclin D1 protein by DKC-E70 occurred at the earlier time than that of cyclin D1 mRNA, which indicates that DKC-E70-mediated downregulation of cyclin D1 protein may be a consequence of the induction of degradation and transcriptional inhibition of cyclin D1. In cyclin D1 degradation, we found that cyclin D1 downregulation by DKC-E70 was attenuated in presence of MG132. In addition, DKC-E70 phosphorylated threonine-286 (T286) of cyclin D1 and T286A abolished cyclin D1 downregulation by DKC-E70. We also observed that DKC-E70-mediated T286 phosphorylation and subsequent cyclin D1 degradation was blocked in presence of the inhibitors of ERK1/2, p38 or GSK3β. In cyclin D1 transcriptional inhibition, DKC-E70 inhibited the expression of β-catenin and TCF4, and β-catenin/TCF-dependent luciferase activity. Our results suggest that DKC-E70 may downregulate cyclin D1 as one of the potential anti-cancer targets through cyclin D1 degradation by T286 phosphorylation dependent on ERK1/2, p38 or GSK3β, and cyclin D1 transcriptional inhibition through Wnt signaling. From these findings, DKC-E70 has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for human colorectal cancer.

The leaves of Diospyros kaki exert beneficial effects on a benzalkonium chloride-induced murine dry eye model.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Kyung-A; Hyun, Lee Chung; Jung, Sang Hoon; Yang, Sung Jae

2016-01-01

In this study, the beneficial effects of the oral administration of ethanol extract of Diospyros kaki (EEDK) were tested on a mouse dry eye model induced by benzalkonium chloride (BAC). A solution of 0.2% BAC was administered topically to mouse eyes for 14 days, twice daily, to induce dry eye. Various concentrations of EEDK were administrated daily by oral gavage for 14 days after BAC treatment. Preservative-free eye drops were instilled in the positive-control group. The tear secretion volume (Schirmer's test), tear break-up time (BUT), and fluorescein score were measured on the ocular surface. BAC-induced corneal damage was tested with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Moreover, apoptotic cell death in the corneal epithelial layer was investigated with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The protein expression level of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) was determined with western blot analysis. Furthermore, squamous metaplasia in the corneal epithelial layer was detected with immunofluorescent staining for cytokeratine-10. The cellular proliferation in the cornea was examined with immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67. EEDK treatment resulted in prolonged BUT, decreased fluorescein score, increased tear volume, and smoother epithelial cells compared with BAC treatment alone in the cornea. Moreover, EEDK treatment inhibited the inflammatory response and corneal epithelial cell death in a BAC-induced murine dry eye model, and changes in squamous cells were inhibited. Proliferative activity in the corneal epithelium cells was improved with EEDK. EEDK could be a potential therapeutic agent in the clinical treatment of dry eye.

Effects of phospholipid complexes of total flavonoids from Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves on experimental atherosclerosis rats.

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Zhang, Kexia; Zhang, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Meiyu; Gu, Liqiang; Liu, Ziying; Jia, Jingming; Chen, Xiaohui

2016-09-15

The total flavonoids from Persimmon leaves (PLF), extracted from the leaves of Diospyros kaki L. Dispryosl and Ebenaceae, is reported to possess many beneficial health effects. However, the oral bioavailability of PLF is relatively low due to its poor solubility. In the present study, the phospholipid complexes of total flavonoids from Persimmon leaves (PLF-PC) was prepared to enhance the oral bioavailability of PLF and to evaluate its antiatherosclerotic properties in atherosclerosis rats in comparison to PLF. A HPLC-MS method was developed and validated for the determination of quercetin and kaempferol in rats plasma to assess the oral bioavailability of PLF-PC. The effect of PLF (50mg/kg/d) and PLF-PC (equivalent to PLF 50mg/kg/d) on atherosclerosis rats induced by excessive administration of vitamin D (600,000IU/kg) and cholesterol (0.5g/kg/d) was assessed after orally administered for 4 weeks. The relative bioavailabilities of quercetin and kaempferol in PLF-PC relative to PLF were 242% and 337%, respectively. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) in serum were measured by an automatic biochemistry analyzer. The morphological changes of aorta were observed with optical microscopy. According to the levels of biochemical parameters in serum and the morphological changes of aorta, PLF-PC showed better therapeutic efficacy compared to PLF. Thus, PLF-PC holds a promising potential for increasing the oral bioavailability of PLF. Moreover, PLF-PC exerts better therapeutic potential in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease than PLF. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Turboatomizador e repasse com pistola manual na cobertura de pulverização de agrotóxicos em caquizeiro (Diospyros kaki L.f. Air-jet sprayer and spray gun in the pesticide spray coverage of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.f. trees

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Leandro Riyuiti Higashibara

2013-05-01

Full Text Available A cultura do caquizeiro vem crescendo em importância no Brasil e, com o aumento do cultivo, tem havido também incremento dos problemas relacionados a doenças e pragas. A pulverização de agrotóxicos é o método mais utilizado na prevenção e no controle desses problemas e a principal forma de aplicação é a pulverização hidráulica com auxílio de fluxo de ar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da variação da taxa de aplicação e do repasse na parte interna das plantas em pulverização com pistola manual, na cobertura de calda das folhas. A pulverização foi realizada em plantas de caquizeiro com 17 anos, utilizando-se equipamento composto de trator e pulverizador turboatomizador. A aplicação foi realizada com duas velocidades de avanço do equipamento, o que promoveu diferentes taxas de aplicação. Para a realização do repasse, utilizou-se pistola manual acoplada ao mesmo equipamento. Para a avaliação da cobertura, utilizou-se calda preparada com corante fluorescente dissolvido em água. Foram coletadas folhas nas posições externa e interna das plantas. Posteriormente, em sala escura e com iluminação ultravioleta para destacar a área atingida pelo corante fluorescente, as superfícies abaxial e adaxial de cada folha foram fotografadas com câmera digital. Cada imagem gerada foi submetida à análise pelo software SIARCS 3.0, resultando em porcentagem de cobertura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso em parcelas subsubdivididas com quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial (taxas alta e baixa de aplicação, com e sem repasse manual, localizações interna e externa da folha na planta. Foi avaliada a cobertura das superfícies abaxial e adaxial das folhas. Houve interação significativa entre tratamentos (taxa de aplicação e repasse manual, posição e superfície das folhas. A maior taxa de aplicação promoveu aumento significativo da cobertura

Air-jet sprayer and spray gun in the pesticide spray coverage of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.f.) trees

OpenAIRE

Higashibara, Leandro Riyuiti; Dutra, Viviane; Saab, Otavio Jorge Grigoli Abi; Takahashi, Hideaki Wilson; Neves, Carmen Sílvia Vieira Janeiro

2013-01-01

A cultura do caquizeiro vem crescendo em importância no Brasil e, com o aumento do cultivo, tem havido também incremento dos problemas relacionados a doenças e pragas. A pulverização de agrotóxicos é o método mais utilizado na prevenção e no controle desses problemas e a principal forma de aplicação é a pulverização hidráulica com auxílio de fluxo de ar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da variação da taxa de aplicação e do repasse na parte interna das plantas em pulverização co...

Pengaruh Program Edukasi Perawatan Kaki Berbasis Keluarga terhadap Perilaku Perawatan Kaki pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

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Citra Windani Mambang Sari

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Perilaku perawatan kaki merupakan komponen yang penting dalam pencegahan kaki diabetik. Namun, banyak pasien Diabetes Melitus (DM yang tidak menjalankannya akibat rendahnya pengetahuan dan self-efficacy pasien maupun keluarga. Di sisi lain, dukungan dan keterlibatan keluarga merupakan aspek penting dalam terlaksananya perilaku perawatan kaki pasien DM. Pengembangan program peningkatan perawatan kaki DM berbasis keluarga penting dilakukan guna mengatasi kelemahan program sejenis yang berbasis individu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh program edukasi perawatan kaki berbasis keluarga terhadap perilaku perawatan kaki pasien DM. Penelitian quasi experiment dengan pre-test and post-test with control group design ini melibatkan 72 responden DM Tipe 2 dan keluarganya yang diseleksi secara purposive dari populasi responden Diabetes Melitus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pasirkaliki Kota Bandung. Sampel dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kontrol dengan masing-masing 36 responden. Responden pada kelompok intervensi mendapatkan program edukasi perawatan kaki berbasis keluarga, konseling serta tindak lanjut 1 kali melalui telepon dan tiga kali melalui kunjungan langsung ke rumah. Perilaku perawatan kaki dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan paired dan independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan karakteristik antar kelompok. Perilaku perawatan kaki post test (M=84.69, SD=4.49 pada kelompok intervensi berbeda secara bermakna (p = 0.000 lebih tinggi dibanding pre test (M=49.50, SD=9.40, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol ada penurunan skor setelah pengukuran (sebelum M=51,33, SD=8,58; sesudah M=49,50, SD=9,40; p=0,219. Program edukasi perawatan kaki berbasis keluarga efektif meningkatkan perilaku perawatan kaki pasien DM. Dengan demikian, perawat dapat mengintegrasikan program edukasi perawatan kaki berbasis keluarga ke program perkesmas sebagai upaya pencegahan kaki diabetik pada

Topical application of a cleanser containing extracts of Diospyros kaki folium, Polygonum cuspidatum and Castanea crenata var. dulcis reduces skin oil content and pore size in human skin.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Bo Mi; An, Sungkwan; Kim, Soo-Yeon; Han, Hyun Joo; Jeong, Yu-Jin; Lee, Kyoung-Rok; Roh, Nam Kyung; Ahn, Kyu Joong; An, In-Sook; Cha, Hwa Jun

2015-05-01

The effects of skin pores on skin topographic features can be reduced by decreasing excessive production and accumulation of sebum and elimination of comedones. Therefore, a cosmetic cleanser that regulates sebum homeostasis is required. In the present study, the effects of a cosmetic cleanser that contained Diospyros kaki folium, Polygonum cuspidatum and Castanea crenata var. dulcis (DPC) was examined on the removal of sebum and on skin pore size. Healthy volunteers (n=23) aged 20-50 years were asked to apply the test materials to the face. Skin oil content, pore size, pore number and extracted sebum surface area were measured using various measurement methods. All the measurements were performed at pre- and post-application of the test materials. When the cosmetic cleanser containing DPC was applied to the skin, the oil content decreased by 77.3%, from 6.19 to 1.40. The number of skin pores decreased by 24.83%, from 125.39 to 94.23. Skin pore size decreased from 0.07 to 0.02 µm 3 (71.43% decrease). The amount of extracted sebum increased by 335% when the DPC cleanser was used. Compared to the control cleanser, skin oil content was significantly decreased when the cleanser that contained DPC was used. The cleanser containing DPC also decreased pore size and number. Finally, the DPC cleanser easily removed solidified sebum from the skin.

Decontamination effects of bark washing with a high-pressure washer on Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and Japanese Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) contaminated with radiocaesium during dormancy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, Mamoru; Abe, Kazuhiro; Kikunaga, Hidetoshi; Ohtsuki, Tsutomu; Takata, Daisuke; Tanoi, Keitaro; Muramatsu, Yasuyuki

2015-01-01

The effect of bark washing with a high-pressure washer on deciduous trees contaminated during dormancy by radiocaesium fallout derived from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident was examined using peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.). Eighteen-year-old peach trees ('Akatsuki') were bark-washed twice with a high-pressure washer on July 5 and 27, 2011. Seven-year-old peach trees ('Kawanakajima Hakuto') were bark-washed on January 24, 2012, and thirty-year-old Japanese persimmon trees ('Hachiya') were bark-washed on December 21, 2011. For the peach trees, most of the bark was not removed by washing with a high-pressure washer. In contrast, the rough bark of Japanese persimmon was removed completely. No significant differences in the 137 Cs concentration of 'Akatsuki' fruit were found between the treatments conducted in the summer of 2011. Upon the bark washing of peach 'Akatsuki' trees in summer, the possibility of secondary contamination of leaves via the leachate containing 137 Cs was likely. The 137 Cs concentrations in fruits and leaves of peach 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' collected in summer 2012 were decreased significantly by washing treatment conducted in winter 2011–2012. In the year after treatment, the 137 Cs concentrations in fruits and leaves of Japanese persimmon were significantly decreased by the treatment. The effect of the bark washing on decreasing 137 Cs contents in fruits and leaves was greater in Japanese persimmon than in peach. The results for 'Kawanakajima Hakuto' and 'Hachiya' demonstrated the possibility of additive contamination. (author)

Bioecological aspects of Hypocala andremona (Cramer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae on persimmon cultivars = Aspectos bioecológicos de Hypocala andremona (Cramer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae em cultivares de caquizeiro

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Celso Luiz Hohmann

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The biology of Hypocala andremona (Cramer on persimmon (Diospyrus kaki L. leaves of the cultivars Atago and Giombo was studied in laboratory (27 ± 1ºC, 65 ± 10% RH, 14 hours photo period and egg distribution on plants of the cultivar Giombo in a commercial orchard, during the 2001/2002 crop season, in Londrina, Paraná state. The developmental period of larvae fed on ‘Giombo’ was longer (17.8 . 0.17 days in comparison to that of larvae fed on ‘Atago’ (15.8 . 0.27 days. In contrast, the duration of the pupal stage of insects raised on ‘Giombo’ was lower (12.0 . 0.29 days than that of insects reared on ‘Atago’ (13.3 . 0.17 days. The viabilities of larvae were 60.8 and 38.8% for insects reared on ‘Giombo’ and on ‘Atago’, respectively. Pupal viability was similar (ca. 93% between treatments. The duration of the preoviposition and incubation periods of larvae fed on ‘Atago’ were 4.0 days and 2.1 days, respectively, the fecundity 524.7 eggs, egg viability 77% and adult longevity 12.9 days. No eggs were obtained when H. andremona larvae were reared on ‘Giombo’ in laboratory. Adults preferred to lay their eggs on leaveslocated at the top of the persimmon tree canopy.A biologia de Hypocala andremona (Cramer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae foi estudada em folhas das cultivares de caquizeiro (Diospyrus kakiL. Atago e Giombo em laboratório (27 ± 1ºC, 65 ± 10% UR, 14h fotofase e a distribuição de ovos em plantas da cultivar Giombo em pomar comercial, durante o período de 2001/2002, em Londrina, Estado do Paraná. O período de desenvolvimento das lagartas alimentadas com ‘Giombo’ foi maior (17,8 . 0,17 dias em relação às alimentadas com‘Atago’ (15,8 . 0,27 dias. Entretanto, a duração do estágio de pupa de insetos criados em ‘Giombo’ foi menor (12,0 . 0,29 dias do que as criadas em ‘Atago’ (13,3 . 0,17 dias. As viabilidades das lagartas foram 60,8 e 38,8% para insetos alimentados em ‘Giombo’ e �

Concentração de macronutrientes nos ramos frutíferos do caquizeiro

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Hideaki Wilson Takahashi

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Os estudos de nutrição mineral do caquizeiro, no Brasil, de forma sistematizada, são inexistentes e bastante escassos, sendo encontrados alguns trabalhos no Japão, Nova Zelândia e Austrália. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a nutrição mineral do caquizeiro cultivar Giombo, focalizando o estudo da variação da concentração de macronutrientes ao longo dos estádios de desenvolvimento nos órgãos que compõem os ramos frutíferos. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar comercial de caqui, cultivar Giombo, localizado no município de Faxina-PR. Os teores foliares de macronutrientes no estádio fenológico recomendado para avaliação do estado nutricional foram semelhantes aos da Austrália e do Japão e continham 20,30; 1,25; 30,55; 23,45; 3,85 e 3,05 g kg-1 de massa seca de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S, respectivamente.

Antioxidant Properties of Diospyros Preussi (Ebenaceae Gurke ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Erah

2007-02-24

Feb 24, 2007 ... Purpose: To evaluate the lipid peroxidation inhibiting and glutathione-sparing activities. (i.e., antioxidant effect) of Diospyros preussi seed oil in male Wistar albino rats. Methods: The n-hexane extract of the seed (seed oil) of Diospyros preussi (DP) was tested for its antioxidant properties against hydrogen ...

Pharmacology and chemotaxonomy of Diospyros.

Science.gov (United States)

Mallavadhani, U V; Panda, A K; Rao, Y R

1998-10-01

Diospyros is numerically and economically the most important genus of Ebenaceae. The medicinal uses and chemical constituents of various Diospyros species are now reviewed. About 300 organic chemicals have been isolated and identified. The uniqueness of the genus is the elaboration of a large number of pentacyclic triterpenes and juglone based 1,4-naphthoquinone metabolites. These metabolites can be used as chemical markers for taxonomic studies. A common biogenetic pathway for their co-occurrence is now proposed. Various compounds are tabulated according to their classes and their structures are given in the Appendix.

In-vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of Diospyros ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Diospyros species in folklore medicine are used as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and antiviral agents. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of the leaves of Diospyros monbuttensis were evaluated against three bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and ...

Evaluation Of Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Diospyros ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Evaluation Of Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Activity Of Diospyros Cordifolia Extract. S Das, PK Haldar, G Pramanik, SP Panda, S Bera. Abstract. In this study we evaluated the analgesic and anti- inflammatory activities of the methanol extract of stem bark of Diospyros cordifolia (MEDC) Roxb. The analgesic effects of the ...

A comparative study on the in vitro antioxidant potentials of three edible fruits: cornelian cherry, Japanese persimmon and cherry laurel.

Science.gov (United States)

Celep, Engin; Aydın, Ahmet; Yesilada, Erdem

2012-09-01

This study was designed in order to investigate in vitro antioxidant potentials of 80% methanolic extracts prepared from three edible fruits, Cornus mas L., Diospyros kaki L., Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. For this purpose, 8 different tests were performed including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radical scavenging tests, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), metal-chelating capacity, determination of total antioxidant capacity, β-carotene bleaching test in a linoleic acid emulsion system and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity. In addition, for evaluating the phenolic profile, total phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents were measured spectrophotometrically. Among the three fruits analyzed, Diospyros kaki L. showed the highest activity in all tests, except β-carotene bleaching test. Whereas, neither of three fruits showed metal-chelating activity. Also, a good correlation was found between the phenolic content and antioxidant parameters. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Characterization of the organoleptic properties, vitamin C levels and anti-oxidant contents of Californian grown persimmons (abstract)

Science.gov (United States)

California is the largest U.S. producer of persimmons (Diospyros kaki). Consumer demand for persimmons is driven by their organoleptic and nutritional properties (vitamin C and anti-oxidant contents). Most commercial production is divided between a small number of astringent “Hachiya” and non-astri...

Pengaruh Akupunktur Pergelangan Tangan dan Kaki terhadap Nyeri Punggung Bawah

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Indra T. Hidayat

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Nyeri punggung bawah (NPB adalah nyeri yang dirasakan di daerah punggung bagian bawah. Akupunktur memiliki efek analgesi. Banyak metode dan teknik rangsang dalam akupunktur, salah satunya akupunktur pergelangan tangan dan kaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh akupunktur pergelangan tangan dan kaki terhadap nyeri punggung yang diukur dengan skor numeric analog scale (NAS pada pasien NPB. Desain penelitian adalah uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal dengan kontrol yang mengikutsertakan 42 pasien NPB. Pasien dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan (n=21 yang dilakukan akupunktur pergelangan tangan dan kaki area 5 dan 6 pergelangan kaki; kelompok kontrol (n=21 yang dilakukan akupunktur tubuh pada titik BL23 Shenshu, BL40 Weizhong, dan LI4 Hegu. Akupunktur dilakukan 2x seminggu selama 3 minggu. Di akhir terapi Terdapat penurunan skor NAS pada kedua kelompok setelah terapi ke-6. Perubahan skor NAS setelah terapi ke-6 pada kelompok perlakuan berbeda bermakna bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p=0.041. Akupunktur pergelangan tangan dan kaki memiliki pengaruh terhadap penurunan nyeri yang signifikan. Kata kunci: nyeri punggung bawah, akupunktur pergelangan tangan dan kaki,   Numeric Analog ScaleEffect of Wrist and Ankle Acupuncture for Low Back Pain Abstract Low back pain (LBP is pain felt in the lower back area. Acupuncture has an analgesic effect There are many methods and stimulation techniques used in acupuncture, one of which is wrist and ankle acupuncture (WAA. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of WAA in the treatment of pain in LBP. The Numeric Analog Scale (NAS score was used to assess pain. The design was a single-blinded randomized control trial. The study involved 42 patients with LBP who were divided into 2 groups: treatment group (n = 2 which underwent wrist and ankle acupuncture to the Lower 5 and Lower 6 bilaterally; control group (n = 21 which underwent body acupuncture BL23 Shenshu, BL40 Weizhong

Diospyros and the myth of the forbidden fruit

OpenAIRE

Ng, F.S.P.

2001-01-01

In the genus Diospyros (Greek for ‘grain ∞ food of the gods’) there are fruits (persimmons) that are highly valued for eating, fruits used to poison fish, and fruits that are reputed to have poisoned people. To the last category belong the terrible trio of D. demona Bakh. (‘daemona’), D. insidiosa Bakh., and D. perfida Bakh., respectively demonic, insidious, and perfidious! Diospyros insidiosa got its name from an incident in Sigli in the Aceh Province of Sumatra, reported by Bakhuizen [Bull....

An insight into the sequential, structural and phylogenetic properties ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Prakash

composition bias between sequences. Plant name. Musa acuminate. Diospyros kaki. 0.463. Malus domestica. 0.333. Momordica charantia. 0.383. Medicago truncatula. 0.263. Glycine max. 0.223. Populas canadensis. 0.450. Pyrus communis. 0.223. Cucumis melo. 0.497. Lycopersicon esculentum. 0.327. Persea americana.

Predictive model for consumer preference of a dried, chip-style persimmon product

Science.gov (United States)

The State of California is a major producer of Asian persimmons (Diospyros kaki), however, there is limited availability of persimmons outside of this region and the fruit’s short harvest season. A dried, chip-style product could increase the geographic area and timeframe in which persimmon growers...

Reviews on 1,4-naphthoquinones from Diospyros L.

Science.gov (United States)

Nematollahi, Alireza; Aminimoghadamfarouj, Noushin; Wiart, Christophe

2012-01-01

The genus Diospyros is one of the most important sources of bioactive compounds, exclusively 1,4-naphthoquinones. The following information is an attempt to cover the developments in the biology and phytochemistry of 1,4-naphthoquinones isolated from this genus, as well as the studies done and the suggested mechanisms regarding their activities. During the past 60 years, many of these agents have been isolated from Diospyros L. Twelve considerable bioactive structures are reported in this review. The basic 1,4-naphthoquinone skeletons, on which a large number of studies have been done, are plumbagin and diospyrin. Today, the potential for development of leads from 1,4-naphthoquinones obtained from Diospyros L. is growing dramatically, mainly in the area of anticancer and antibacterial investigations. The data prepared and described here are intended to be served as a reference tool to the natural products and chemistry specialists in order to expand the rational drug design.

Short communication: development and characterization of novel transcriptome-derived microsatellites for genetic analysis of persimmon.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, C; Zhang, Q L; Luo, Z R

2014-04-16

Oriental persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) (2n = 6x = 90) is a major commercial and deciduous fruit tree that is believed to have originated in China. However, rare transcriptomic and genomic information on persimmon is available. Using Roche 454 sequencing technology, the transcriptome from RNA of the flowers of D. kaki was analyzed. A total of 1,250,893 reads were generated and 83,898 unigenes were assembled. A total of 42,711 SSR loci were identified from 23,494 unigenes and 289 polymerase chain reaction primer pairs were designed. Of these 289 primers, 155 (53.6%) showed robust PCR amplification and 98 revealed polymorphism between 15 persimmon genotypes, indicating a polymorphic rate of 63.23% of the productive primers for characterization and genotyping of the genus Diospyros. Transcriptome sequence data generated from next-generation sequencing technology to identify microsatellite loci appears to be rapid and cost-efficient, particularly for species with no genomic sequence information available.

FUNGSI DAN PERAN JALUR PEDESTRIAN BAGI PEJALAN KAKI Sebuah Studi Banding Terhadap Fungsi Pedestrian

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Lily Mauliani

2010-07-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK. Jalur pedestrian pada sebuah kota adalah bagian yang sangat penting, baik sebagai kelengkapan (amenity kota maupun sebagai tempat orang berjalan kaki dengan aman dan nyaman. Namun untuk kota Jakarta, dan mungkin juga kota-kota lainnya di Indonesia, pedestrian seringkali mengalami perubahan fungsi tidak hanya sekedar sebagai jalur pejalan kaki namun juga bisa menjadi jalur kendaraan bermotor, area berjualan para pedagang kaki lima yang bersifat mobile, tetapi bisa juga menjadi “ruko” alias rumah toko. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana nasib para pejalan kaki, dimana mereka dapat berjalan kaki dengan aman, tanpa takut tertabrak pengendara sepeda motor, tersenggol bajay, mikrolet atau mobil pribadi? Pembahasan tentang pedestrian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengamati dan membandingkan antara pedestrian yang ada di Jakarta dan di Singapura, dilihat dari segi fungsi dan penataannya.   Kata kunci : pedestrian, fungsi, pejalan kaki   ABSTRACT. Pedestrian path within the city has been regarded as an important element, either as a city amenity which contribute an aesthetic of city space or as a space for people or pedestrian to walk safely and comfort. Jakarta as one of a big city in Indonesia, has many pedestrian paths within it, but there are many pedestrian paths which have been changed in function. The pedestrian paths are not as a space for people to walk but have been accommodated as motorcycle lines as well as mobile shop or shop-house which has been known as RUKO or rumah toko. The main problem is how people could walk safely and comfort. This discussion of pedestrian paths will be explored in this paper by comparing the function and the design as well as the plan of pedestrian paths in Jakarta and Singapore.   Keywords : pedestrian path, function, pedestrian.

Dyospiros kaki phenolics inhibit colitis and colon cancer cell proliferation, but not gelatinase activities.

Science.gov (United States)

Direito, Rosa; Lima, Ana; Rocha, João; Ferreira, Ricardo Boavida; Mota, Joana; Rebelo, Patrícia; Fernandes, Adelaide; Pinto, Rui; Alves, Paula; Bronze, Rosário; Sepodes, Bruno; Figueira, Maria-Eduardo

2017-08-01

Polyphenols from persimmon (Diospyros kaki) have demonstrated radical-scavenging and antiinflammatory activities; however, little is known about the effects of persimmon phenolics on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, we aimed in this work to characterize the antiinflammatory and antiproliferative effects of a persimmon phenolic extract (80% acetone in water), using an in vivo model of experimental colitis and a model of cancer cell invasion. Our results show, for the first time, a beneficial effect of a persimmon phenolic extract in the attenuation of experimental colitis and a potential antiproliferative effect on cultured colon cancer cells. Administration of persimmon phenolic extract to mice with TNBS-induced colitis led to a reduction in several functional and histological markers of colon inflammation, namely: attenuation of colon length decrease, reduction of the extent of visible injury (ulcer formation), decrease in diarrhea severity, reduced mortality rate, reduction of mucosal hemorrhage and reduction of general histological features of colon inflammation. In vitro studies also showed that persimmon phenolic extract successfully impaired cell proliferation and invasion in HT-29 cells. Further investigation showed a decreased expression of COX-2 and iNOS in the colonic tissue of colitis mice, two important mediators of intestinal inflammation, but there was no inhibition of the gelatinase MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities. Given the role of inflammatory processes in the progression of CRC and the important link between inflammation and cancer, our results highlight the potential of persimmon polyphenols as a pharmacological tool in the treatment of patients with IBD. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PENATAAN TERHADAP PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA UNTUK MEMBERIKAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DAN PENINGKATAN TARAF HIDUP PEDAGANG (STUDI KASUS DI KAWASAN MANAHAN SOLO

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NURVITASARI NURVITASARI

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui untuk mengetahui bentuk peraturan yang mengatur mengenai perlindungan terhadap usaha kecil pedagang kaki lima, untuk mengetahui proses relokasi suatu kawasan usaha yang baik, agar tidak terjadi konflik sosial, serta untuk mengetahui upaya apa yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Surakarta agar relokasi yang dilakukan mampu meningkatkan taraf hidup pedagang kaki lima. Metode pendekatan yang penulis pakai adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di Dinas Pengelolaan Pasar Kota Surakarta, UPTD Prasarana Olaraga, Dinas Pendidikan Pemuda Dan Olaraga Kota Surakarta, serta Paguyuban Pedagang Kaki Lima di Stadion Manahan Solo. Menggunakan sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Metode  pengumpulan  data  dalam  penelitian  ini menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan dengan cara wawancara dengan narasumber yang dianggap mengetahui duduk permasalahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pemerintah Kota Surakarta dalam upaya meningkatkan dan memberdayakan pedagang kaki lima dengan cara merelokasi dan menyediakan tempat yang baru yang dianggap lebih strategis, serta berupaya memberdayakan pedagang kaki lima dengan meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, memberikan bantuan modal pedagang kaki lima, serta pendampingan dan pengembangan usaha.

KARAKTERISTIK EDIBLE FILM YANG DIPRODUKSI DARI KOMBINASI GELATIN KULIT KAKI AYAM DAN SOY PROTEIN ISOLATE

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Muhamad Hasdar

2012-09-01

SDS-PAGE dan menunjukkan sebagai molekul kolagen. Hasil analisis kandungan asam amino edible film menggunakan HPLC dihasilkan komposisi residu asam amino terbesar adalah glysin yaitu 29,42%, 37,88%, 38,32%, 39,28% dan 39,17% pada masing-masing perlakuan. Hal itu menggambarkan bahwa profil protein edible film dapat dipastikan sebagian besar berasal dari kolagen gelatin. Pengamatan dengan scaning electron microscope menunjukkan telah terbentuk cross linking antara molekul protein gelatin dan molekul soy protein isolate dan yang ditunjukan semakin berkurangnya retakan seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi gelatin. Perbedaan kombinasi gelatin kulit kaki ayam dan soy protein isolate untuk membentuk edible film tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata pada kekuatan tarik (tensile strenght, dan kemuluran (elongation, namun berpengaruh nyata pada laju transmisi uap air (Water Vapour Transmision Rate. Kombinasi 95:5 protein gelatin kulit kaki ayam dan soy protein isolate menghasilkan edible film yang terbaik. (Kata kunci: Edible film, Gelatin kaki ayam, Soy protein isolate

Penggunaan Antibiotik Topikal sebagai Alternatif Terapi Ulkus Kaki Diabetik

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Gratcia Ayundini

2014-12-01

Full Text Available AbstrakInfeksi mikroba pada ulkus kaki diabetik dapat menghambat proses penyembuhan sehingga dibutuhkan intervensi antibiotik untuk menyembuhkan infeksi, menyembuhkan ulkus dan menurunkan angka amputasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pilihan rute pemberian antibiotik yang tepat serta efektif sebagai tatalaksana ulkus kaki diabetes.Metode pencarian melalui Pubmed pada tanggal 30 Mei 2011 menggunakan kata kunci terkait. Pemilihan dengan kriteria RCT dan full text. Telaah kritis didasarkan kriteria standar untuk intervensi. Didapatkan hasil bahwa kesembuhan secara klinis adalah 87% untuk kelompok yang menggunakan pexiganan topikal dan 90% untuk kelompok ofloksasin oral. Hasil eradikasi mikrobiologisnya 42-47% untuk kedua kelompok. Komplikasi atau perburukan pada pasien dengan pexiganan topikal 8,13% dan ofloksasin oral 5,51%. Didapatkan juga peningkatan pola resistensi kuman yang bermakna secara klinis (p<0.001 pada pasien dengan terapi ofloksasin oral namun tidak pada terapi pexiganan topikal. Disimpulkan bahwa terapi antimikroba topikal tunggal dapat dipilih sebagai terapi alternatifuntuk mengatasi infeksi ulkus kaki diabetik yang ringan. Terapi antimikroba oral masih lebih efektif karena kemungkinan terjadinya perburukan dan komplikasi ulkus lebih kecil, walaupun terdapat juga risiko resistensi kuman pada penggunaannya.Kata Kunci:  ulkus kaki diabetik, infeksi, ofloksasin, pexigananAbstractMicrobial infection in diabetic foot ulcer can interfere healing process. Antibiotic intervention was used to cure the infection, heal the ulcer and decrease amputation rate. This study was aimed to seek the best route of giving antibiotic therapy in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. The method used was conducting article searching through Pubmed on Mei 30  2011. The criteria of articles were RCT and full text articles. Critical appraisal was based on standard criteria for intervention. The result showed that clinical recovery of the foot ulcer

Antimicrobial activity of Diospyros melanoxylon bark from Similipal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The antimicrobial activity of five extracts of Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. bark collected from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Orissa was evaluated against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The extracts including both polar and non polar solvents; petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, methanol and aqueous were ...

Passas de caqui ‘Fuyu’: processamento e aceitabilidade = Dehydrated ‘Fuyu’ kaki processing

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Dorivaldo da Silva Raupp

2008-01-01

Full Text Available O comércio de caqui fresco resulta em grande quantidade de frutos nãoclassificados. Assim, considerando também que a desidratação prolonga a vida-de-prateleira de alimentos perecíveis, a pesquisa se propôs a fazer uma contribuição para o desenvolvimento do processo de fabricação de passa a partir de frutos de caqui ‘Fuyu’. Foi utilizado um secador contendo circulação forçada de ar e cinco bandejas. O fruto descascado foi fatiado em quatro formas diferentes: fatias em metades, de corte transversal; fatias em ¼, de cortes longitudinais; fatias em ¼, de corte longitudinal seguido de corte transversal; fatias em 1/8, de dois cortes longitudinais seguidos de transversais. A condição de secagem que aplicou temperatura de 80°C por 1h seguida de 60°C por cerca de 23h produziu passas de caqui ‘Fuyu’ com a melhor aparência. A forma da fatia passa que teve a preferência dosprovadores foi aquela em que o fruto foi cortado em oito fatias (fatias de 1/8. As passas de caqui ‘Fuyu’ contendo umidades residuais baixas, 19,7 e 27,4%, foram apreciadas, quanto ao paladar, igualmente pelos provadores. Os frutos de caqui proporcionaram, em peso, 16,7 e 18,1% de produtos em passas e perdas estimadas em 25,5%. Os resultados indicaram que a passa de caqui ‘Fuyu’ constitui-se numa excelente oferta de fruta desidratada.Because kakis are usually sold fresh, this results in a high number of fruits that do not meet the marketing standard. Thus, considering that dehydration extends the shelf life of perishable foods, this research was aimed at providing a contribution for the development of a product referred to as dehydrated ‘Fuyu’ kaki. A forced air circulation dehydrator was used, equipped with five trays. The peeled fruit was sliced in four different ways: sliced into halves, transversally; sliced into quarters, longitudinally; sliced into quarters, once longitudinally and once transversally; sliced into eighths, by cutting twice

Diospyros and the myth of the forbidden fruit

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ng, F.S.P.

2001-01-01

In the genus Diospyros (Greek for ‘grain ∞ food of the gods’) there are fruits (persimmons) that are highly valued for eating, fruits used to poison fish, and fruits that are reputed to have poisoned people. To the last category belong the terrible trio of D. demona Bakh. (‘daemona’), D. insidiosa

Effect of processing on the physicochemical, sensory, nutritional and microbiological quality of fresh-cut 'Rojo Brillante' persimmon

OpenAIRE

SANCHÍS SOLER, ELENA

2016-01-01

[EN] Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) 'Rojo Brillante' is an astringent variety characterised by good growing conditions, excellent colour, size, sensory characteristics and good nutritional properties. In the last decade, its production has grown substantially in Spain given the application of high levels of CO2 to remove astringency while firmness is preserved. This technology has also increased its potential as a fresh-cut commodity. However, physical damage during processing result in degrad...

Enhanced Microbial, Functional and Sensory Properties of Herbal Yogurt Fermented with Korean Traditional Plant Extracts

OpenAIRE

Joung, Jae Yeon; Lee, Ji Young; Ha, Young Sik; Shin, Yong Kook; Kim, Younghoon; Kim, Sae Hun; Oh, Nam Su

2016-01-01

This study evaluated the effects of two Korean traditional plant extracts (Diospyros kaki THUNB. leaf; DK, and Nelumbo nucifera leaf; NN) on the fermentation, functional and sensory properties of herbal yogurts. Compared to control fermentation, all plant extracts increased acidification rate and reduced the time to complete fermentation (pH 4.5). Supplementation of plant extracts and storage time were found to influence the characteristics of the yogurts, contributing to increased viability ...

Genetic analysis of the genus Diospyros ssp. using RAPD and i-PBS methods

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Jana Raddová

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Molecular techniques (RAPD and i-PBS were used to study genetic diversity within persimmon collection at Horticulture Faculty of Mendel University in Lednice. The aim of the work was to distinguish 14 known and 6 of unknown origin persimmon cultivars. The basic screening of 20 OPT primers was applied to 4 cultivars differring in the place of origin. Within the group of screened primers there were chosen those, which gave polymorphic repeatable strong and middle strong bands. Selected primers were used for the RAPD reactions within the whole persimmon collection. Three OPA primers previously described in the literature were also used for the RAPD reactions within the whole persimmon collection. Additional 16 i-PBS primers previously described in the literature were also used for i-PBS analysis of the whole group of cultivars. Amplification was successful with 12 i-PBS primers. The FreeTree software package was used to gen­erate a similarity matrix and then to produce a dendrogram using UPGMA analyses. The similarity dendrograms of all persimmon cultivars were created based on both approaches and also on combination of both analyses by program Tree View. All the dendrograms clearly separated the assessed cultivars into 4 clusters. There are cluster of American persimmons – Meader’ (1, ’Garretson’ (2 and ’Early Golden’ (3. They are representatives of D. virginiana. Further part of dendrogram includes single D. lotus (5, which is also clearly separated from other cultivars of the genus Diospyros. The third cluster includes interspecific hybrids ’Rossiyanka’ (10 and ’Nikitskaiya Bordovaiya’ (13, which arised from crosses of D. virginiana and D. kaki. The last cluster is formed by cultivars of Japanese persimmon – ’Mikatani Gosho’, ’Zenjimaru’, ’Tone Wase’, ’Hiratanenashi’, ’Fuyu’, Chinese cultivar – ’Sansi’ and two Italian cultivars ’Vaniglia’ and ’Tipo’. They are clustered without significant

EFEKTIFITAS RENDAM KAKI MENGGUNAKAN AIR HANGAT TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA DIWILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SIMPANG TIGA KOTA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2016

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yessi harnani

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Hipertensi adalah penyakit kelainan jantung dan pembuluh darah yang ditandai dengan peningkatan tekanan darah. Peningkatan tekanan darah yang tidak ditangani akan menyebabkan komplikasi seperti stroke dan gagal jantung. Rendam kaki air hangat merupakan salah satu terapi komlementer yang bisa menurunkan tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas rendam kaki menggunakan air hangat terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre Eksperimental pretest dan posttest desaign. Sampel adalah lansia penderita hiperetnsi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga kota Pekanbaru. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Teknik pengambilan data dengan cara observasi menggunakan Thermometer Air. Analisis data menggunakan uji wilcoxon Test. Hasil pengkajian sebelum dilakukan terapi sebagian besar lansia mengalami hipertensi stadium II. Hasil uji statistic didapatkan bahwa nilai P value sistol yaitu 0,000 (< 0,05 dan P value diastol yaitu 0,000 (<0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak. Terapi rendam kaki menggunakan air hangat efektif terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada lansia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Kota Pekanbaru. Diharapkan kepada lansia untuk selalu mengontrol tekanan darah, jika terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah dapat menggunakan terapi rendam kaki air hangat dalam mengatasi hipertensi yang dialami, sebagai bentuk terapi komplementer yang murah dan mudah dilakukan secara mandiri

First report of Pestalotiopsis diospyri causing canker on persimmon trees

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Giselda Alves

2011-09-01

Full Text Available During 2006 to 2009 season symptoms of a canker disease were observed on twigs and branches of young and mature persimmon trees (Diospyros kaki L. cv. Fuyu in the States of Santa Catarina and Paraná in the Southern Brazil. The cankers result in severe damage and reduced production. Isolations from the margins of these cankers revealed a genus of Pestalotiopsis. Koch's postulates were confirmed using two isolates of the pathogen which was identified as Pestalotiopsis diospyri.

ANATOMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIESOF BISBUL WOOD (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.

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Krisdianto Krisdianto

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Ebony (Diospyros sp.  is a heavy hardwood that is  popularly known as blackwood. Diospyros consists of over 300 species spread throughout tropics area and about 100 species occur in Indonesia. Bisbul wood (Diospyros btancoi A.DC. is one species of  streaked ebony that is locally known as 'buah mentega'.  The anatomical and physical properties of  bisbul  were studied to collect information  for wood identification  and to support appropriate use of the timber. Anatomical properties were studied from microtome sectioned samples, which have been coloured by safranin and mounted by entellan, while fiber dimensions  were studied from macerated samples.  Physical properties  of  bisbul wood studied include moisture content, density and percentage of volumetric shrinkage. Moisture content and density were studied from 20 x 20 x 20 mm samples based on wet and oven dry condition. Volumetric shrinkage was measured from dimension changes in radial, tangential and longitudinal shrinkage of 20 x 20 x 40 mm samples. The samples were measured in wet and oven dry conditions. The main anatomical characteristics to identify bisbul wood were black wood with pinkish streaked, heavy and very hard,  very fine texture, even, lustrous surface and glossy, distinct growth ring, small size of vessels, apotracheal parenchyma forming reticulate pattern. The average moisture content was 59.86 ± 2.84%,  the density average was 0.74 ± 0.04 gr/cm3  and volumetric shrinkage was 10.41±0.70%.   The higher the stem, the more moisture  content and the lower the density will be. Sapwood density was lower and had more moisture  content than heartwood. The black pinkish heavy wood, bisbul was recommended to be used for carvings, sculpture, souvenir and luxuryinterior products.

Moscas frugívoras e seus parasitoides nos municípios de Pelotas e Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Frugivorous flies and their parasitoids in the cities of Pelotas and Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Adrise Medeiros Nunes

2012-01-01

Full Text Available As moscas frugívoras (Tephritoidea são as principais pragas da fruticultura de clima temperado no Brasil. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a infestação desses dípteros e a ocorrência de seus parasitoides em frutíferas nos municípios de Pelotas e Capão do Leão, localizados na região Sul, nas safras agrícolas de 2007/08 e 2008/09. Foram coletados frutos de araçazeiro-amarelo e vermelho (Psidium cattleianum Sabine, 1821, butiazeiro [Butia capitata (Mart. Becc., 1916], caquizeiro (Diospyros kaki Linnaeus, 1753, cerejeira-do-mato (Eugenia involucrata DC., 1828, goiabeira [Psidium guajava (Linnaeus, 1753], goiabeira-serrana [Acca sellowiana (Berg. Burret, 1941], nespereira [Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb. Lindley, 1822], pessegueiro [Prunus persicae (L. Batsch, 1801], pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora Linnaeus,1753 e uvalheira (Eugenia pyriformis Cambessèdes, 1832. Os frutos foram coletados e transportados para o laboratório, onde foram individualizados e determinados os seguintes parâmetros: índice de infestação das moscas, índice de parasitismo e frequência de indivíduos por espécie de parasitoide. Foram constatadas duas espécies de Tephritidae, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830 (90,5% e Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824 (9,5% e duas de Lonchaeidae, Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine & Steyskal, 1982 (87,8% e uma espécie ainda não descrita, referida como Neosilba n. sp. 3 (12,2%. Anastrepha fraterculus é a espécie mais abundante nos dois municípios, sendo constatada na maioria das frutíferas coletadas. Caquizeiro e goiabeira foram os hospedeiros que apresentaram o maior índice de infestação por C. capitata. Quanto às espécies de Neosilba, a maior infestação ocorreu em frutos de goiabeira-serrana. Dos parasitoides emergidos, foram identificadas três espécies, sendo duas de Braconidae, Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti, 1911 (52,6% e Opius bellus (Gahan, 1930 (27,5% e uma espécie de Figitidae, Aganaspis

A multi-locus plastid phylogenetic analysis of the pantropical genus Diospyros (Ebenaceae), with an emphasis on the radiation and biogeographic origins of the New Caledonian endemic species.

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Duangjai, Sutee; Samuel, Rosabelle; Munzinger, Jérôme; Forest, Félix; Wallnöfer, Bruno; Barfuss, Michael H J; Fischer, Gunter; Chase, Mark W

2009-09-01

We aimed to clarify phylogenetic relationships within the pantropical genus Diospyros (Ebenaceae sensulato), and ascertain biogeographical patterns in the New Caledonian endemic species. We used DNA sequences from eight plastid regions (rbcL, atpB, matK, ndhF, trnK intron, trnL intron, trnL-trnF spacer, and trnS-trnG spacer) and included 149 accessions representing 119 Diospyros species in our analysis. Results from this study confirmed the monophyly of Diospyros with good support and provided a clearer picture of the relationships within the genus than in previous studies. Evidence from phylogenetic analyses suggests that Diospyros colonized New Caledonia multiple times. The four lineages of Diospyros in New Caledonia also differ in their degree of diversification. The molecular data indicate that one lineage is paleoendemic and derived from an ancient Australian species. The other three lineages are more closely related to several Southeast Asian species; two of them are neoendemics, and one has radiated rapidly and recently.

A new aurone and two rare metabolites from the leaves of Diospyros melanoxylon.

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Mallavadhani, Uppuluri V; Mahapatra, Anita

2005-01-01

A new aurone, 4,6-dihydroxy-2-[alpha,alpha-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hydroxy]methylene-3(2H)-benzofuranone (2) and two rare metabolites viz. selin-4(15)-en-1beta,11-diol (5) and 5,7-dihydroxy-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-l''' --> 6''glucopyranoside-2-{4-hydroxyphenyl}-4H-benzopyran-4-one (6) in addition to the known protocatechuic acid methyl ester (1), quercitin (3) and gallic acid (4) were isolated from the methanol extract of Diospyros melanoxylon leaves. The structures were elucidated by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic analysis. Interestingly, compound 2 was found to exist in both E- and Z-isomeric forms in a 15:85 ratio. The present isolation of compounds 2 and 5 assumes taxonomic significance as aurones and sesquiterpenes have not yet been reported from the Diospyros genus, consisting of more than 350 identified species.

A multi-locus plastid phylogenetic analysis of the pantropical genus Diospyros (Ebenaceae), with an emphasis on the radiation and biogeographic origins of the New Caledonian endemic species

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Duangjai, S.; Samuel, R.; Munzinger, Jérôme; Forest, F.; Wallnofer, B.; Barfuss, M.H.J.; Fischer, G.; Chase, M. W.

2009-01-01

We aimed to clarify phylogenetic relationships within the pantropical genus Diospyros (Ebenaceae sensu lato), and ascertain biogeographical patterns in the New Caledonian endemic species. We used DNA sequences from eight plastid regions (rbcL, atpB, matK, ndhF, trnK intron, trnL intron, trnL-trnF spacer, and trnS-trnG spacer) and included 149 accessions representing 119 Diospyros species in our analysis. Results from this study confirmed the monophyly of Diospyros with good support and provid...

EKSTRAKSI GELATIN DARI KAKI AYAM BROILER MELALUI BERBAGAI LARUTAN ASAM DAN BASA DENGAN VARIASI LAMA PERENDAMAN

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Muhammad Rasyid Indrawan

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Gelatin is a biopolymer that can be obtained from partially hydrolysis of collagen present in skin, bone, and connective tissues of animals This study used chicken Broiler feet as a source of collagen. This study was conducted to determine the effect of soaking treatment with solution of acid and base, and with variety of soaking time. The solution used is HCl, CH3COOH, and NaOH with different concentration. The process of soaking followed by extraction, filtration, and drying to obtain a sheet of gelatin. Gelatin was analyzed qualitatively with chemical reaction. The best results of yield can be obtained from various methods of soaking given by HCl 2% for 2 days, CH3COOH 2% for 3 days, and NaOH 2% for 1 day. Keywords : Gelatin, Chicken feet Broiler’s, Acid-treated, Alkali-treated ABSTRAK Gelatin merupakan biopolimer yang biasanya diperoleh dari hidrolisis parsial kolagen jaringan kulit, tulang, dan jaringan ikat hewan. Penelitian ini menggunakan kaki ayam broiler sebagai sumber kolagen. Penelitian dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh perlakuan perendaman kaki ayam broiler melalui berbagai larutan asam dan basa dengan variasi lama perendaman. Larutan yang digunakan yaitu HCl, CH3COOH, dan NaOH dengan berbagai konsentrasi. Proses perendaman dilanjutkan dengan ekstraksi, filtrasi, dan pengeringan untuk mendapatkan lembaran gelatin. Gelatin yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui reaksi kimia. Hasil rendemen terbaik dapat diperoleh dari berbagai metode perendaman yaitu HCl 2% selama 2 hari, CH3COOH 2% selama 3 hari, dan NaOH 2% selama 1 hari. Kata Kunci : Gelatin, Kaki ayam Broiler, Metode asam, Metode basa

Uji Kualitas Mikrobiologis Minuman Teh Poci yang Dijual Pedagang Kaki Lima di Pasar Raya Padang

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Genta Pradana

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Minuman Teh Poci merupakan produk minuman yang berkembang pesat dan banyak dijual oleh pedagang kaki lima di Padang terutama di Pasar Raya kota Padang. Penjualan Teh Poci oleh pedagang kaki lima di Pasar Raya tidak mengikuti sistem franchise yang mempunyai standar kebersihan penyajian menyebabkan proses pembuatan Teh Pociyang  dijual di Pasar Raya tidak terjamin kebersihan penyajianya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji kualitas mikrobiologis  minuman Teh Poci yang dijual pedagang kaki lima di Pasar Raya Padang. Minuman yang diperiksa adalah minuman Teh Poci yang dijual di sepanjang jalan Pasar Raya dengan mengambil 13 sampel. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan November 2011- September 2012 dengan menggunakan metode Most Probable Number (MPN yang terdiri dari tes penduga dan tes konfirmasi. Dari 13 sampel minuman yang diperiksa seluruh sampel tersebutmengandung bakteri Coliform. Faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi adalah kebersihan penjual minuman dalam menutup kemasan minuman, kurangnya higiene perseorangan, lokasi penjualan di tengah pasar, es batu yang tidak bersih, dan alat-alat yang digunakan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ialah minuman Teh Poci yang dijual di Pasar Raya Padang tidak memenuhi standar kualitas mikrobiologis air minum yang sudah ditetapkan pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan tahun No. 492 tahun 2010.Kata kunci: pedagang kaki lima, teh Poci, higieneAbstract Teh Poci has become popular nowadays. There is a significant movement of Teh Poci street sellers in Padang especially in Pasar Raya Padang. Teh Poci street sellers in Pasar Raya do not buy the franchise system which has the appropriate standard for food serving. The Teh Poci stands are also located in the middle of traditional market which cause the serving to the society do not fulfill the sanitary standard.One of the indicators of water contamination is by measuring the amount of the coliform bacteria presents in water.  The objective of this study was to do

Diospyros, an under-utilized, multi-purpose plant genus: A review.

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Rauf, Abdur; Uddin, Ghias; Patel, Seema; Khan, Ajmal; Halim, Sobia Ahsan; Bawazeer, Saud; Ahmad, Khalid; Muhammad, Naveed; Mubarak, Mohammad S

2017-07-01

The genus Diospyros from family Ebenaceae has versatile uses including edible fruits, valuable timber, and ornamental uses. The plant parts of numerous species have been in use as remedies in various folk healing practices, which include therapy for hemorrhage, incontinence, insomnia, hiccough, diarrhea etc. Phytochemical constituents such as terpenoids, ursanes, lupanes, polyphenols, tannins, hydrocarbons, and lipids, benzopyrones, naphthoquinones, oleananes, and taraxeranes have been isolated from different species of this genus. The biological activities of these plants such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, anthelmintic, antihypertensive, cosmeceutical, enzyme-inhibitory etc. have been validated by means of an in vitro, in vivo, and clinical tests. As a rich reserve of pharmacologically important components, this genus can accelerate the pace of drug discovery. Accordingly, the aim of the present review is to survey and summarize the recent literature pertaining to the medicinal and pharmacological uses of Diospyros, and to select experimental evidence on the pharmacological properties of this genus. In addition, the review also aims at identifying areas that need development to make use of this genus, especially its fruit and phytochemicals as means for economic development and for drug discovery. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Bioactive Natural Products from Two Sudanese Medicinal Plants Diospyros mespiliformis and Croton zambesicus

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Ietidal E. Mohamed

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Phytochemical investigations were performed in two plant species used in Sudanese traditional medicines to treat different illnesses, Diospyros mespiliformis and Croton zambesicus. The investigations revealed compounds of triterpenes (lupane series, one trihydroxyflavone and one diterpene. The compounds have been isolated and identified using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. These were lupeol (1, betulinic acid (2, betulin (3 and lupenone (4 from Diospyros mespiliformis. Compounds 1, 2, 3 in addition to diterpene ent -kaurane-3β, 16β, 17-triol (5 and vitexin (6 were re-isolated from Croton zambesicus. However,compound 5 and 6 were isolated for the first time from this source.The pure isolated compounds and semi-synthesized acetates 1Ac, 2Ac and 3Ac, which were prepared from compounds 1, 2 and 3 respectively, were subjected to two bioassays: α- glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay and antioxidant activity. Compounds, 1, 1Ac, 3 and 4 showed a marked α-glucosidase inhibitory potential, while compound 6 exhibited strong antioxidant activity.

Chemical diversity and antiviral potential in the pantropical Diospyros genus

OpenAIRE

Peyrat , Laure-Anne; Eparvier , Véronique; Eydoux , Cécilia; Guillemot , Jean-Claude; Stien , Didier; Litaudon , Marc

2016-01-01

International audience; A screening using a dengue replicon virus-cell-based assay was performed on 3563 ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from different parts of 1500 plants. The screening led to the selection of species from the genus Diospyros (Ebenaceae), among which 25 species distributed in tropical areas showed significant inhibitory activity on dengue virus replication.A metabolic analysis was conducted from the UPLC-HRMS profiles of 33 biologically active and inactive plant extracts, an...

Penetapan Kandungan Fenolat Total Dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Radikal Dpph Fraksi Etil Asetat Sari Buah Apel Beludru (Diospyros Blancoi a. Dc.)

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Rahmawan, Johannes Baptista Yunio; Dwiatmaka, Yohanes

2013-01-01

Antioxidant plays a role in inhibiting oxidation by binding to free radicals. As a result, the cell damage that leads to degenerative diseases can be inhibited. This research was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethyl acetate fraction of velvet aple (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) juice. Previously known that other plants from genus Diospyros contain phenolic compounds such as quercetin. Antioxidant activity test performed qualitatively and quantitativel...

Phytoconstituents with Radical Scavenging and Cytotoxic Activities from Diospyros shimbaensis

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Aronsson, Per; Munissi, Joan J. E.; Gruhonjic, Amra; Fitzpatrick, Paul A.; Landberg, G?ran; Nyandoro, Stephen S.; Erdelyi, Mate

2016-01-01

As part of our search for natural products having antioxidant and anticancer properties, the phytochemical investigation of Diospyros shimbaensis (Ebenaceae), a plant belonging to a genus widely used in East African traditional medicine, was carried out. From its stem and root barks the new naphthoquinone 8,8′-oxo-biplumbagin (1) was isolated along with the known tetralones trans-isoshinanolone (2) and cis-isoshinanolone (3), and the naphthoquinones plumbagin (4) and 3,3′-biplumbagin (5). Com...

Enraizamento de estacas lenhosas e herbáceas de cultivares de caquizeiro com diferentes concentrações de ácido indolbutírico Rooting of hardwood and herbaceous cuttings of japanese persimmon tree cultivars treated with different concentration of indolbutyric acid

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Débora Costa Bastos

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Desenvolveu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de estudar a capacidade de enraizamento de estacas lenhosas e herbáceas de cultivares de caquizeiro tratadas com AIB. Estacas lenhosas e herbáceas foram coletadas de ramos de caquizeiro das cultivares Pomelo, Rama Forte, Taubaté, Giombo e Fuyu e submetidas à aplicação de AIB (0; 3.000 e 6.000 mg.L-1 por vinte segundos. Em seguida, as estacas foram colocadas em canteiro contendo uma mistura de terra + esterco de curral (3:1 v/v como substrato (estacas lenhosas e em bandejas de poliestireno expandido, contendo vermiculita média, em câmara de nebulização intermitente (estacas herbáceas. Como conclusão, observou-se que as cultivares de caquizeiro apresentam diferenças quanto ao potencial de formação de raízes e brotações; estacas herbáceas apresentam maior tendência na propagação via estaquia em comparação às estacas lenhosas.This work was carried out with the objective to study the capacity of rooting of hardwood and herbaceous cuttings of Japanese persimmon tree cultivars treated with IBA. Hardwood and herbaceous cuttings were collected from branches of Japanese persimmon tree and submitted to treatments in function of cultivars (Pomelo, Rama Forte, Taubaté, Giombo and Fuyu and of application of IBA (0, 3,000 and 6,000 mg.L-1 for twenty seconds. Later the cuttings were placed in stonemason containing a soil mixture + corral manure (3:1 v/v as substrate (hardwood cuttings and in polyethylene trays containing vermiculite as substrate, in intermittent mist chamber (herbaceous cuttings. As conclusion is observed that the cultivars of Japanese persimmon tree present differences in relationship to potential of roots and shoots formation; herbaceous cuttings present higher tendency in the propagation through cutting in comparison with the hardwood cuttings.

Chemical diversity and antiviral potential in the pantropical Diospyros genus.

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Peyrat, Laure-Anne; Eparvier, Véronique; Eydoux, Cécilia; Guillemot, Jean-Claude; Stien, Didier; Litaudon, Marc

2016-07-01

A screening using a dengue replicon virus-cell-based assay was performed on 3563 ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from different parts of 1500 plants. The screening led to the selection of species from the genus Diospyros (Ebenaceae), among which 25 species distributed in tropical areas showed significant inhibitory activity on dengue virus replication. A metabolic analysis was conducted from the UPLC-HRMS profiles of 33 biologically active and inactive plant extracts, and their metabolic proximity is presented in the form of a dendrogram. The results of the study showed that chemical similarity is not related to plant species or organ. Overall, metabolomic profiling allowed us to define large groups of extracts, comprising both active and inactive ones. Closely related profiles from active extracts might indicate that the common major components of these extracts were responsible for the antiviral activity, while the comparison of chemically similar active and inactive extracts, will permit to find compounds of interest. Eventually, the phytochemical investigation of Diospyros glans bark EtOAc extract afforded usnic acid and 7 known ursane- and lupane-type triterpenoids, among which 5 were found significantly active against dengue virus replication. The inhibitory potency of these compounds was also evaluated on a DENV-NS5 RNA-dependant RNA polymerase assay. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PENETAPAN KANDUNGAN FENOLAT TOTAL DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN MENGGUNAKAN RADIKAL DPPH FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT SARI BUAH APEL BELUDRU (Diospyros blancoi A. DC.)

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Johannes Baptista Yunio Rahmawan; Yohanes Dwiatmaka

2016-01-01

Abstract: Antioxidant plays a role in inhibiting oxidation by binding to free radicals. As a result, the cell damage that leads to degenerative diseases can be inhibited. This research was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethyl acetate fraction of velvet aple (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) juice. Previously known that other plants from genus Diospyros contain phenolic compounds such as quercetin. Antioxidant activity test performed qualitatively and qua...

Resfriamento rápido e armazenamento de caquis (Diospyrus kaki, L., cv. Fuyu, em condições de atmosfera refrigerada e modificada Fast cooling and storage of kakis (Diospyrus kaki, L., cv. Fuyu, in conditions of refrigerated atmosphere and modified

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Valdecir Carlos Ferri

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Para aumentar o período de conservação após a colheita de caquis, da cultivar Fuyu, dois sistemas de armazenamento foram estudados: atmosfera refrigerada (AR e atmosfera modificada (AM. As frutas foram separadas em dois lotes: 1º resfriamento rápido a 0ºC até que a polpa atingisse 10ºC e, então, armazenadas em AR a 10±0,5ºC e 90±5% UR; 2º resfriamento rápido a 0ºC até que a polpa atingisse 0,5ºC, para serem armazenadas em condições de AR a 0±0,5ºC e 90±5% de UR e em AM com filme PEBD 80mim a 0±0,5ºC e 90±5% UR. Neste sistema (AM, também se testou o uso de sachet contendo 1g de permanganato de potássio. Através dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que, para o armazenamento de caquis 'Fuyu', por períodos de até 30 dias, a temperatura de 10ºC é eficiente e, para períodos superiores, o emprego de filmes de polietileno de baixa densidade de 80mim, associado com a absorção do etileno, é o mais aficaz. O armazenamento em AR a 0±0,5ºC e 90±5% UR não foi eficiente na conservação dos caquis.In order to increase the conservation period of kakis cultivar Fuyu after harvest, two storage systems were studied: refrigerated atmosphere (RA and modified atmosphere (MA. The fruits were separated in two groups: 1 rapid cooling at 0 ºC until the pulp reached 10ºC and, then stored in RA to 10±5 ºC and 90±5% RH; 2 rapid cooling at 0 ºC until the pulp reached 0,5 ºC and, then stored in RA to 0±0,5 ºC and 90±5% RH; and in MA with LDPE film 80mum 0±0.5ºC and 90±5% RH. In the systems (MA, also the sachet containing 1 g of potassium permanganate were tested. Through the obtained results it was observed that for the storage of kakis 'Fuyu', for periods until 30 days, the temperature of 10 ºC is efficient and, for longer periods the use of films of polyethylene of low density (LPDE of 80mum, associated with the absorption of the ethylene is also efficient. The storage in RA at 0±0,5 ºC and 90±5% RH was not efficient

Gluconacetobacter kakiaceti sp. nov., an acetic acid bacterium isolated from a traditional Japanese fruit vinegar.

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Iino, Takao; Suzuki, Rei; Tanaka, Naoto; Kosako, Yoshimasa; Ohkuma, Moriya; Komagata, Kazuo; Uchimura, Tai

2012-07-01

Two novel acetic acid bacteria, strains G5-1(T) and I5-1, were isolated from traditional kaki vinegar (produced from fruits of kaki, Diospyros kaki Thunb.), collected in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains G5-1(T) and I5-1 formed a distinct subline in the genus Gluconacetobacter and were closely related to Gluconacetobacter swingsii DST GL01(T) (99.3% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The isolates showed 96-100% DNA-DNA relatedness with each other, but genus Gluconacetobacter. The isolates could be distinguished from closely related members of the genus Gluconacetobacter by not producing 2- and 5-ketogluconic acids from glucose, producing cellulose, growing without acetic acid and with 30% (w/v) d-glucose, and producing acid from sugars and alcohols. Furthermore, the genomic DNA G+C contents of strains G5-1(T) and I5-1 were a little higher than those of their closest phylogenetic neighbours. On the basis of the phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic position, strains G5-1(T) and I5-1 are assigned to a novel species, for which the name Gluconacetobacter kakiaceti sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is G5-1(T) (=JCM 25156(T)=NRIC 0798(T)=LMG 26206(T)).

Sadne rastline iz rodu Diospyros in možnosti njihove uporabe

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Kopinšek, Tanja

2017-01-01

Rod Diospyros spada v družino Ebenaceae oziroma ebenovinovke. Predstavniki rodu rastejo v tropskem pasu, najdemo pa jih tudi drugod. Rod sestavlja okoli 400 vrst. Med njimi so drevesa in grmi. Glede na uporabnost jih delimo na dve večji skupini. V prvi najdemo predstavnike, pri katerih v glavnem uporabljamo plodove, v drugi skupini pa so tiste vrste, ki se prvenstveno gojijo zaradi trdega lesa – ebenovine. Posebnost plodov je, da so pogosto trpki, zato jih je potrebno umediti, da postanejo ...

Comparative investigation of the free radical scavenging potential and anticancer property of Diospyros blancoi (Ebenaceae

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Muhammad Ali Khan

2016-05-01

Conclusions: Our results indicate that Diospyros blancoi stem bark had the significant highest antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties as well as moderate anticancer activity. Hence, we assume that the anticancer activity of this plant can be, at least in part, attributed to its content in phenolic compounds as well as its significant free radical scavenging properties.

Efektivitas Pupuk Organik Dan Pupuk N Pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Eboni (Diospyros Celebica Bakh.)

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Siregar, Hartutiningsih M; Utami, Ning Wikan

2002-01-01

Eboni (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) merupakan tanaman keras dan termasuk jenis kayu mewah yang tumbuh alami di Sulawesi.Masalah yang dihadapi adalah pertumbuhan bibit yang lamban sehingga diperlukan percobaan tentang media pertumbuhan bibit yang sesuai. Bahan yang digunakan adalah bibit eboni berumur 6 bulan dengan pertumbuhan seragam.Percobaan I: Bibit ditanam pada polybag berkapasitas 5 kg yang masing-masing berisi campuran media tanam yakni A (tanah); B (tanah:kompos = 1:1); C (tanah:pupuk ka...

Sikap dan Perilaku Komunitas Warga mengenai Maraknya Pedagang Kaki Lima

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Neni Yulianita

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Streetmerchant, famously known in Indonesia as Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL raise some problems for the city every year. The city government has tried to locate them in some areas, the amount of PKL has never decreased. From the year of 1997 to 2000, the amount of PKL has increased 56.3%/year. It means, from around 3.000 PKL in 1997, the amount of PKL has hit a number of 16.880 due to the worsening of economic conditions. This research aimed to study problems concerning PKL and interactions among PKL, city government, and community itself. It is found that opinions of community members toward PKL are varying: some feels uncomfortable, another think that it’s not their problems, on the other hand, people admit that they need PKL to supply materials for them.

PENETAPAN KANDUNGAN FENOLAT TOTAL DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN MENGGUNAKAN RADIKAL DPPH FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT SARI BUAH APEL BELUDRU (Diospyros blancoi A. DC.

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Johannes Baptista Yunio Rahmawan

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Antioxidant plays a role in inhibiting oxidation by binding to free radicals. As a result, the cell damage that leads to degenerative diseases can be inhibited. This research was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethyl acetate fraction of velvet aple (Diospyros blancoi A.DC. juice. Previously known that other plants from genus Diospyros contain phenolic compounds such as quercetin. Antioxidant activity test performed qualitatively and quantitatively using radical of 1,1-diphenyl-2 pikrilhidrazil (DPPH and expressed as the value Inhibition Concentration 50 (IC50. Determination of total phenolic using Folin-Ciocalteu method expressed as equivalent mass of gallic acid. Phenolic compounds will be oxidized by the Folin-Ciocalteu under alkaline conditions, forming a blue solution. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of velvet apple juice has very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 of (30.0 ± 0.09 mg / mL. Total phenolic content of (393.5 ± 0.35 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of ethyl acetate fraction. Keywords: antioxidant, velvet apple (Diospyros blancoi A. DC, ethyl acetate fraction, DPPH, total phenolic content.

Armazenamento de caqui (Diospyros kaki, L. cv. Quioto, em atmosfera controlada

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DONAZZOLO JOEL

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar, com o presente trabalho, o efeito da temperatura e do CO2 no armazenamento em atmosfera controlada sobre a conservação de caqui cv. Quioto. Foram avaliadas as temperaturas -1,0 e -0,5ºC, e pressões parciais de CO2 de 0; 5 e 10kPa, com os tratamentos arranjados em um esquema bifatorial. Os frutos foram avaliados após 3 meses de armazenamento mais 3 dias de exposição à temperatura ambiente (18-20ºC. Conforme os resultados, não foi constatada interação entre os fatores, havendo efeito significativo para temperatura somente na firmeza de polpa, em que -1,0ºC apresentou frutos mais firmes. As diferentes pressões parciais de CO2 não influenciaram a perda de peso e a firmeza de polpa. As podridões apresentaram uma resposta linear negativa em relação ao CO2, porém, mantendo elevada ocorrência. Valores de CO2 entre 5 e 10kPa proporcionaram frutos com menor índice de escurecimento de epiderme e com coloração mais amarela e vermelha. O CO2 entre 5 e 10kPa apresentou os melhores resultados, que somados à temperatura de -1,0ºC, foi a melhor condição de armazenamento, que, no entanto, teve o período de conservação inferior a três meses nesta condição, devido às altas perdas por podridões.

Fatty Acid Composition and Lipid Profile of Diospyros mespiliformis, Albizia lebbeck, and Caesalpinia pulcherrima Seed Oils from Nigeria.

Science.gov (United States)

Adewuyi, Adewale; Oderinde, Rotimi Ayodele

2014-01-01

The screening of lesser-known underutilized seeds as source of food has been a way of finding solution to food insecurity in developing nations. In this regard, oil as a class of food was extracted from the seeds of Diospyros mespiliformis  (4.72 ± 0.2%), Albizia lebbeck  (6.40 ± 0.60%), and Caesalpinia pulcherrima  (7.2 ± 0.30%). The oils were finally analyzed for their fatty acid composition, lipid classes, fatty acid distribution in the lipid fractions, and molecular speciation of the triacylglycerols, glycolipids, and phospholipids. The fatty acid composition of the oils varied with C18:2 fatty acid being the most dominant in the oils. Neutral lipids were the most abundant lipid class found in the oils while molecular species of the triacylglycerol with equivalent carbon chain number C40 was majorly present in the oils of Diospyros mespiliformis and Caesalpinia pulcherrima. The present study presents lesser-known underutilized seeds as possible sources of food.

Fatty Acid Composition and Lipid Profile of Diospyros mespiliformis, Albizia lebbeck, and Caesalpinia pulcherrima Seed Oils from Nigeria

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Adewale Adewuyi

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The screening of lesser-known underutilized seeds as source of food has been a way of finding solution to food insecurity in developing nations. In this regard, oil as a class of food was extracted from the seeds of Diospyros mespiliformis  (4.72±0.2%, Albizia lebbeck  (6.40±0.60%, and Caesalpinia pulcherrima  (7.2±0.30%. The oils were finally analyzed for their fatty acid composition, lipid classes, fatty acid distribution in the lipid fractions, and molecular speciation of the triacylglycerols, glycolipids, and phospholipids. The fatty acid composition of the oils varied with C18:2 fatty acid being the most dominant in the oils. Neutral lipids were the most abundant lipid class found in the oils while molecular species of the triacylglycerol with equivalent carbon chain number C40 was majorly present in the oils of Diospyros mespiliformis and Caesalpinia pulcherrima. The present study presents lesser-known underutilized seeds as possible sources of food.

Urease inhibition potential of Di-naphthodiospyrol from Diospyros lotus roots.

Science.gov (United States)

Rauf, Abdur; Uddin, Ghias; Raza, Muslam; Patel, Seema; Bawazeer, Saud; Ben Hadda, Taibi; Jehan, Noor; Mabkhot, Yahia Nasser; Khan, Ajmal; Mubarak, Mohammad S

2017-05-01

The dimeric napthoquione 5,8,4'-trihydroxy-1'-methoxy-6, 6'-dimethyl-7,3'-binaphtyl-1,4,5',8'-tetraone (1) was isolated from the chloroform fraction of Diospyros lotus extract. Compound 1 was screened for its inhibitory effects against four enzymes: urease, phosphodiesterase-I, carbonic anhydrase-II and α-chymotrypsin, and showed selective activity against urease enzyme with an IC 50 value of 254.1 ± 3.82 μM as compared to the standard thiourea (IC 50  = 21 ± 0.11 μM). Furthermore, in silico docking study was carried out to explain the molecular mechanism of compound 1 against the target receptor.

ANTROPOMETRI SENDI PERGELANGAN KAKI ETNIS MINANGKABAU

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Hafni Marsil

2015-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengukur antropometri sendi pergelangan kaki etnis Minangkabau. Penelitian cross sectional dilakukan pada 50 orang mahasiswa kedokteran etnis Minangkabau berusia 21-25 tahun di lingkungan RS. dr. M Djamil Padang. Dilakukan pemeriksaan ROM, rontgen ankle proyeksi anteroposterior, lateral dan mortise. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ROM plantarfleksi 48,920±5,820, ROM dorsofleksi 31,300±4,070, inversi 10,320±2,280, eversi 5,940±1,200, talocrural angel anteroposterior 76,530± 2,530 dan mortise 77,380±2,270, tibiofibular overlap anteroposterior 7,51±2,64 mm dan mortise 4,71±2,45 mm, tibiofibular clear space anteroposterior 3,6±1,18 mm dan mortise 3,85±1,09 mm, talar tilt anteroposterior 0,140±0,100 dan mortise 0,190±0,150, medial malleolar length anteroposterior 13,88±1,99 mm dan mortise 14,03±1,69 mm, lateral malleolar length anteroposterior 25,71±2,83 mm dan mortise 26,70±3,40 mm, johnson angle anteroposterior 87,770±1,710 dan mortise 87,570±1,840, medial clear space 2,97±0,75 mm, anteroposterior inclination angle 7,470±2,700, anterior distal tibial angle 82,530± 2,700, dan anteroposterior gap 3,50±1,43 mm.Terdapat perbedaan ukuran antropometri sendi pergelangan kaki mahasiswa kedokteran beretnis Minangkabau di lingkungan RS. Dr. M. Djamil Padang dengan kepustakaan, namun masih dalam rentang normal.AbstractThis study aimed to measure anthropometric of ankle joint of Minangkabau ethnic group. Cross sectional study has been done in 50 Minangkabau ethnic medical students, aged 21-25 years in RSUP. Dr. M Djamil Padang. ROM, anteroposterior, lateral, and mortise X-ray projections of ankle were examined. ROM plantarflexion was 48.920±5.820, ROM dorsiflexion was 4.070±31.300, inversion was 10.320±2.280, eversion was 5.940±1.200, talocrural angel anteroposterior was 76.530±2.530 and mortise was 77.380±2.270, tibiofibular overlapp anteroposterior was 7.51±2,64 mm and mortise was 4.71±2,45 mm

Effects of two medicinal plants Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) and Diospyros mespiliformis L. (Ebenaceae) leaf extracts on rat skeletal muscle cells in primary culture

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Belemtougri, R.G.; Constantin, B.; Cognard, C.; Raymond, G.; Sawadogo, L.

2006-01-01

Crude decoction, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of two medicinal plants (Psidium guajava and Diospyros mespiliformis), widely used in the central plateau of Burkina Faso to treat many diseases were evaluated for their antagonistic effects on caffeine induced calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of rat skeletal muscle cells. These different extracts showed a decrease of caffeine induced calcium release in a dose dependent manner. Comparison of the results showed that Psidium guajava leaf extracts are more active than extracts of Diospyros mespiliformis and that crude decoctions show better inhibitory activity. The observed results could explaine their use as antihypertensive and antidiarrhoeal agents in traditional medicine, by inhibiting intracellular calcium release. PMID:16365927

Pengaruh Penurunan Kadar Air Terhadap Perubahan Fisiologi Dan Kand Ungan Biokimia Benih Eboni (Diospyros Celebica Bakh.)

OpenAIRE

Yuniarti, Naning; Syamsuwida, Dida; Aminah, Aam

2008-01-01

Eboni (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) merupakan jenis tanaman yang potensial untuk dikembangkan pada pembangunan hutan tanaman. Secara alami benih eboni mengalami kemunduran dengan bertambahnya waktu.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui Perubahan fisiologi dan biokimia yang terjadi pada benih eboni selama pengeringan (penurunan kadar air). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Perub...

Composição química de grãos de feijao-guandu cultivar kaki Chemical composition of pigeon pea seeds

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João Paulo Feijão Teixeira

1985-01-01

Full Text Available Foram analisadas sementes de tegumento creme e alaranjado de feijão-guandu (Cajanus cajan (L. Milisp., oriundas do cultivar Kaki, quanto aos teores de proteína, extrato etéreo, açúcares solúveis e polissacarídeos. Os dois tipos de sementes apresentaram composição química similar. Os teores médios encontrados foram: proteína 23,11%, extrato etéreo 1,34%, açúcar solúvel 9,46% e polissacarídeos 16,77%. A fração protéica apresentou baixos níveis de aminoácidos sulfurados, isoleucina, valina e treonina.Pigeon pea seeds, cv' Kaki either with light-yellow or orange testa pigments were analysed for protein, ether extract, total sugar and polysaccharides. Similar results were obtained for the two types of seeds. On the average the seeds had the following contents: protein - 23.11%; ether extract - 1.34%; total sugar - 9.46%; polysaccharides - 16.77%. The protein fraction had low levels of sulfured aminoacids, isoleucine, valine and threonine.

ANTRACNOSE DO CAQUIZEIRO CAUSADA POR Colletotrichum horii: INCIDÊNCIA EM RAMOS, FOLHAS, FLORES E FRUTOS EM CAMPO

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RENATO REZENDE YOUNG BLOOD

2015-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a incidência em várias partes da planta e o desenvolvimento da antracnose do caquizeiro causada por Colletotrichum horiinas cultivares Fuyu e Kakimel produzidas sob os sistemas orgânico e convencional, respectivamente, nas safras de 2010/2011 e 2011/2012, em Campina Grande do Sul, Paraná, Brasil. Em cada pomar, 10 plantas foram selecionadas aleatoriamente, e 10 ramos do ano por planta, distribuídos ao redor dacopa, foram marcados para as avaliações de incidência de antracnose em ramos e folhas, a cada 15 dias. A quantificação de frutos caídos com ou sem sintomas da doença foi a cada 15 dias, durante o período de crescimento de frutos até a colheita, relacionada com a produção total. C. horii em flores foi avaliada em campo e também após incubação no laboratório. Infecção latente foi observada em frutos verdes coletados aos 90; 120 e 150 dias após a floração. Em ambas as safras, observou-se a queda de frutos com sintomas de antracnose entre os meses de janeiro e abril. C. horii é capaz de infectar flores, permanecer latente e provocar sintomas de antracnose em frutos imaturos. Frutos colhidos sadios apresentaram sintomas em pós-colheita após a incubação.

Sequencing of whole plastid genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA of Diospyros species (Ebenaceae) endemic to New Caledonia: many species, little divergence.

Science.gov (United States)

Turner, Barbara; Paun, Ovidiu; Munzinger, Jérôme; Chase, Mark W; Samuel, Rosabelle

2016-06-01

Some plant groups, especially on islands, have been shaped by strong ancestral bottlenecks and rapid, recent radiation of phenotypic characters. Single molecular markers are often not informative enough for phylogenetic reconstruction in such plant groups. Whole plastid genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) are viewed by many researchers as sources of information for phylogenetic reconstruction of groups in which expected levels of divergence in standard markers are low. Here we evaluate the usefulness of these data types to resolve phylogenetic relationships among closely related Diospyros species. Twenty-two closely related Diospyros species from New Caledonia were investigated using whole plastid genomes and nrDNA data from low-coverage next-generation sequencing (NGS). Phylogenetic trees were inferred using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference on separate plastid and nrDNA and combined matrices. The plastid and nrDNA sequences were, singly and together, unable to provide well supported phylogenetic relationships among the closely related New Caledonian Diospyros species. In the nrDNA, a 6-fold greater percentage of parsimony-informative characters compared with plastid DNA was found, but the total number of informative sites was greater for the much larger plastid DNA genomes. Combining the plastid and nuclear data improved resolution. Plastid results showed a trend towards geographical clustering of accessions rather than following taxonomic species. In plant groups in which multiple plastid markers are not sufficiently informative, an investigation at the level of the entire plastid genome may also not be sufficient for detailed phylogenetic reconstruction. Sequencing of complete plastid genomes and nrDNA repeats seems to clarify some relationships among the New Caledonian Diospyros species, but the higher percentage of parsimony-informative characters in nrDNA compared with plastid DNA did not help to resolve the phylogenetic tree

Potencial hortícola de los zapotes negros, Diospyros spp. (Ebenaceae)

OpenAIRE

García Díaz, Roger Fabián; Cuevas Sánchez,Jesús Axayacatl; Colinas León, María Teresa; Basurto Peña,Francisco; Zizumbo Villarreal,Daniel

2015-01-01

Se exploró el potencial hortícola del género Diospyros (Ebenaceae) mediante análisis biogeográficos, climáticos, morfológicos y etnobotánicos. Los análisis geográficos permitieron identificar las áreas óptimas para la conservación y el aprovechamiento de 20 especies. Con aquellas conocidas como Zapotes Negros, D. nigra y D. Conzattii, se aplicó un análisis climático. Por último se estudió la variabilidad morfológica asociada al nivel de manejo en tres zonas de México. Veracruz y Península de ...

DAMPAK SOSIAL EKONOMI PENATAAN LINGKUNGAN BAGI PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA (PKL

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Abdul Bakhirnudin

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Pedagang kaki lima identik dengan kesan buruk, kotor dan tidak tertib. Penempatan sarana perda­gangan yang tidak teratur dan tidak tertata serta sering menempati tempat yang menjadi tempat umum dianggap sebagai penyebab kondisi tersebut. Tingginya minat konsumsi masyarakat menyebabkan pedagang kaki lima menjadi semakin banyak, terutama masyarakat kelas bawah. Melalui Perda Nomor 11 Tahun 2000, Pemerintah Kota Semarang sudah berusaha menata PKL. Namun pada kenyataannya belum ditemukan solusi yang komprehensif untuk mengatasi permasalahan PKL. Populasi penelitian ini adalah PKL Perumnas Tlogosari Kota Semarang berjumlah 173 pedagang. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 100 orang sebagian besar berasal dari luar kawasan Perumnas Tlogosari. Model PKL di PerumTlogosari mengunakan Pola Penyebaran Memanjang (Linier Concentration. Hasil penelitian menunjuk­kan bahwa sebelum ada penataan tidak ada paguyuban. Namun setelah penataan terdapat sebuah paguyuban pedagang dan jasa (PPJ, dalam bentuk arisan. Dampak sosial selain paguyuban adalah agenda rutin arisan, serta peraturan lainnya sehingga meninimalkan konflik yang timbul. Dari sisi ekonomi, sebagian besar pedagang mengalami peningkatan pendapatan yang diperoleh per bulan. Oleh karena itu, untuk menjaga keberlanjutan dari dampak positif yang timbul, diharapkan PKL mampu menjaga dan melaksanakan aturan yang telah disepakati bersama, sekaligus melakukan inovasi-inovasi agar barang yang dijual lebih bervariatif untuk memperoleh keuntungan berkesinambungan.Street vendors usually have bad impression because they are dirty and disorderly. It is because they are disorganized and they often occupy public places. The high interest of consumers, especially from the lower class has made more and more street vendors. By issuing Perda of 2000 No. 11, the local government of Semarang has tried to organize them. However, it is not a comprehensive solution to overcome the problems of street vendors. The population of

Fatty Acid Composition of Dried Fruits of Sclerocarya birrea, Diospyros blancoi and Landolphia kirkii

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Athanasia O. Matemu

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Wild fruits are commonly consumed in the rural communities of South Africa. The information on their nutritionally important fatty acids is, however, limited. Three wild fruit species, Diospyros blancoi, Landolphia kirkii and Sclerocarya birrea from Limpopo Province were selected for evaluation of fatty acid content. Fatty acids composition of dried fruits of Diospyros blancoi (Db, Landolphia kirkii (Lk and ripe and/or overripe Sclerocarya birrea (Sb were evaluated by a gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometer (GC-TOF-MS. Hexadecanoic acid (C16:0 was found in highest abundance in L. kirkii (57.73–73.55%, followed by S. birrea (55.92–71.31% and D. blancoi (46.31–62.05%, respectively. Octadecanoic acid (C18:0 was of second highest abundance, with 24.71–100% in D. blancoi, L. kirkii (31.03–41.60% and S. birrea (9.11–17.0%. The 9-octadecenoic acid (C18:1n-9 was the major unsaturated fatty acid in both S. birrea (5.33–18.82%, D. blancoi (8.22–8.92%, and L. kirkii (3.84–8.63%. The 9,-12-octadecadienoic acid (C18:2n-6 was the major unsaturated fatty acid in D. blancoi (22.34%. The 9,-12,-15-octadecatrienoic acid (C18:3n-3 was found in L. kirkii (3.51% and S. birrea (2.79%. From the results, saturated fatty acids were the most dominant, whereas mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids were the minor constituents. Therefore, presence of nutritionally important essential fatty acids from S. birrea, D. blancoi and L. kirkii has been shown.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros paniculata and their antimicrobial activities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rao, N.Hanumanta; Lakshmidevi, N.; Pammi, S.V.N.; Kollu, Pratap; Ganapaty, S.; Lakshmi, P.

2016-01-01

Since the discovery and subsequent widespread use of antibiotics, a variety of bacterial species of human and animal origin have developed numerous mechanisms that render bacteria resistant to some, and in certain cases to nearly all antibiotics, thereby limiting the treatment options and compromising effective therapy. In the present study, the green synthesis of nanoparticles is carried out by the reduction of silver acetate in the presence of crude methanolic root extracts of Diospyros paniculata, a member of family Ebenaceae. The UV–Vis absorption spectrum of the biologically reduced reaction mixture showed the surface plasmon peak at 428 nm, a characteristic peak of silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the face-centered cubic crystalline structure of metallic silver. The average diameter of Ag NPs is about 17 nm from Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) which is in good agreement with the average crystallite size (19 nm) calculated from XRD analysis. Further the study has been extended to the antimicrobial activity against test pathogenic Gram (+), Gram (−) bacterial and fungal strains. The biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles showed promising activity against all the tested pathogenic strains and the activity has been enhanced with the increased dose levels. - Highlights: • Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using root extracts of Diospyros paniculata. • Average diameter of Ag NPs is about 17 nm from TEM analysis which is in good agreement with XRD analysis. • Antimicrobial activities of root extract mediated synthesis of silver Ag NPs were discussed in detail.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros paniculata and their antimicrobial activities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rao, N.Hanumanta [Advanced Analytical Laboratory, DST-PURSE Programme, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003 (India); Lakshmidevi, N. [Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003 (India); Pammi, S.V.N. [Advanced Analytical Laboratory, DST-PURSE Programme, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003 (India); Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daeduk Science Town, 305-764, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Kollu, Pratap [DST-INSPIRE Faculty, Department of Metallurgical Engineering & Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076 (India); Ganapaty, S. [GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam (India); Lakshmi, P., E-mail: lmkandregula@gmail.com [Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003 (India)

2016-05-01

Since the discovery and subsequent widespread use of antibiotics, a variety of bacterial species of human and animal origin have developed numerous mechanisms that render bacteria resistant to some, and in certain cases to nearly all antibiotics, thereby limiting the treatment options and compromising effective therapy. In the present study, the green synthesis of nanoparticles is carried out by the reduction of silver acetate in the presence of crude methanolic root extracts of Diospyros paniculata, a member of family Ebenaceae. The UV–Vis absorption spectrum of the biologically reduced reaction mixture showed the surface plasmon peak at 428 nm, a characteristic peak of silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the face-centered cubic crystalline structure of metallic silver. The average diameter of Ag NPs is about 17 nm from Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) which is in good agreement with the average crystallite size (19 nm) calculated from XRD analysis. Further the study has been extended to the antimicrobial activity against test pathogenic Gram (+), Gram (−) bacterial and fungal strains. The biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles showed promising activity against all the tested pathogenic strains and the activity has been enhanced with the increased dose levels. - Highlights: • Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using root extracts of Diospyros paniculata. • Average diameter of Ag NPs is about 17 nm from TEM analysis which is in good agreement with XRD analysis. • Antimicrobial activities of root extract mediated synthesis of silver Ag NPs were discussed in detail.

Concentration change of radiocaesium in persimmon leaves and fruits. Observation results in 2011 Spring - 2013 Summer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tagami, Keiko; Uchida, Shigeo

2014-01-01

To make dried-fruits of persimmon (Diospyros kaki), its fresh fruits were generally processed to decrease their water-contents to about 30-50%. During this food process, their radiocaesium concentrations increased without any loss, and, occasionally, the dried-fruits may exceed the food standard level of 100 Bq/kg (edible form). Thus, it is necessary to estimate the radiocaesium concentrations in the products before the fresh fruit harvesting and processing. For this purpose, radiocaesium concentrations in leaves of persimmon trees were monitored with time. The 137 Cs concentrations in the fruits were usually lower than those in the leaves and the concentration ratio was less than 0.4 on a fresh weight basis. The ratio became smaller when closer the harvest season. Thus the concentration of leaves could be a good indicator to estimate the processed persimmon fruits. (author)

Evaluation of some thin-layer drying models of persimmon slices (Diospyros kaki L.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doymaz, İbrahim

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► In this study, convective drying (50–70 °C) was applied as a preservation technology for persimmon slices. ► The highest drying and rehydration rates obtained with blanched slices. ► The Midilli et al., Page and Weibull models were determined as the suitable models. ► Effective moisture diffusivity, diffusivity constant and activation energy for drying process were determined. - Abstract: The effect of blanching and drying temperature (50, 60 and 70 °C) on drying kinetics and rehydration ratio of persimmons under hot-air drying was investigated. It was observed that both the drying temperature and blanching affected the drying time. The shortest drying times and highest rehydration ratios were obtained from blanched samples. Six thin-layer drying models were evaluated in the kinetics research. The fit quality of the proposed models was evaluated by using the determination of coefficient (R 2 ), reduced chi-square (χ 2 ) and root means square error (RMSE). The Midilli et al., Page and Weibull models showed a better fit to experimental drying data as compared to other models. Effective moisture diffusivity (D eff ) ranged from 7.05 × 10 −11 to 2.34 × 10 −10 m 2 /s calculated using the Fick’s second law. The activation energies of blanched and control samples determined from slope of the Arrhenius plot, ln(D eff ) versus 1/(T + 273.15), was 30.64 and 43.26 kJ/mol, respectively.

Phytoconstituents with Radical Scavenging and Cytotoxic Activities from Diospyros shimbaensis.

Science.gov (United States)

Aronsson, Per; Munissi, Joan J E; Gruhonjic, Amra; Fitzpatrick, Paul A; Landberg, Göran; Nyandoro, Stephen S; Erdelyi, Mate

2016-01-15

As part of our search for natural products having antioxidant and anticancer properties, the phytochemical investigation of Diospyros shimbaensis (Ebenaceae), a plant belonging to a genus widely used in East African traditional medicine, was carried out. From its stem and root barks the new naphthoquinone 8,8'-oxo-biplumbagin ( 1 ) was isolated along with the known tetralones trans -isoshinanolone ( 2 ) and cis -isoshinanolone ( 3 ), and the naphthoquinones plumbagin ( 4 ) and 3,3'-biplumbagin ( 5 ). Compounds 2 , 4 , and 5 showed cytotoxicity (IC 50 520-82.1 μM) against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moderate to low cytotoxicity was observed for the hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol extracts of the root bark (IC 50 16.1, 29.7 and > 100 μg/mL, respectively), and for the methanol extract of the stem bark (IC 50 59.6 μg/mL). The radical scavenging activity of the isolated constituents ( 1 - 5 ) was evaluated on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The applicability of the crude extracts and of the isolated constituents for controlling degenerative diseases is discussed.

Phytoconstituents with Radical Scavenging and Cytotoxic Activities from Diospyros shimbaensis

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Per Aronsson

2016-01-01

Full Text Available As part of our search for natural products having antioxidant and anticancer properties, the phytochemical investigation of Diospyros shimbaensis (Ebenaceae, a plant belonging to a genus widely used in East African traditional medicine, was carried out. From its stem and root barks the new naphthoquinone 8,8′-oxo-biplumbagin (1 was isolated along with the known tetralones trans-isoshinanolone (2 and cis-isoshinanolone (3, and the naphthoquinones plumbagin (4 and 3,3′-biplumbagin (5. Compounds 2, 4, and 5 showed cytotoxicity (IC50 520–82.1 μM against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moderate to low cytotoxicity was observed for the hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol extracts of the root bark (IC50 16.1, 29.7 and > 100 μg/mL, respectively, and for the methanol extract of the stem bark (IC50 59.6 μg/mL. The radical scavenging activity of the isolated constituents (1–5 was evaluated on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH radical scavenging assay. The applicability of the crude extracts and of the isolated constituents for controlling degenerative diseases is discussed.

The effect of various media on growth of ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh seedlings through seeds multiplication

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NURUL SUMIASRI

2006-07-01

Full Text Available Study of the effects of various media on growth of ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh seedlings through seeds multiplication was carried out. The experiment used various media i.e. sands, soil (latosol, compost and EM Bokashi. The study was arranged by Factorial Randomized Block Design with 4 replications, growth parameters were observed i.e. growth percentage, plant height, total leaves, total roots and roots length. The results showed that the best medium of all parameter observed was EM Bokashi and the low results showed by latosol soil medium. Statistically all of parameter observed showed significant level at 5% Duncans’ tested to various media. The best media at the study was EM Bokashi, and could be recommended for media of ebony seed multiplication especially.

Diospyrobezoar as a Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction

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Andréia Padilha de Toledo

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Phytobezoar, a concretion of indigestible fibers derived from ingested vegetables and fruits, is the most common type of bezoar. Diospyrobezoar is a subtype of phytobezoar formed after excessive intake of persimmons (Diospyros kaki. We report the case of a diabetic man with a 5-day history of abdominal pain after massive ingestion of persimmons who developed signs of complicated small bowel obstruction. The patient had a previous history of Billroth II hemigastrectomy associated with truncal vagotomy to treat a chronic duodenal ulcer 14 years earlier. Since intestinal obstruction was suspected, he underwent emergency laparotomy that revealed an ileal obstruction with small bowel perforation and local peritonitis due to a phytobezoar that was impacted 15 cm above the ileocecal valve. After segmental intestinal resection, the patient had a good recovery and was discharged on the 6th postoperative day. This report provides evidence that diospyrobezoar should be considered as a possible cause of small bowel obstruction in patients who have previously undergone gastric surgery.

Aminoethoxivinilglicina no controle do amadurecimento de frutos de caqui cv. Fuyu Aminoethoxyvinylglycine in the ripening control of persimmon fruits cv. Fuyu

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Angela Fuentes Fagundes

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de aminoethoxivinilglicina (AVG, aplicado na pós-colheita, no amadurecimento de frutos de caqui (Diospyros kaki L. cv. Fuyu, armazenados à temperatura de 0 ± 2 ºC. Os frutos foram imersos durante dois minutos em solução de AVG, na concentração de 0; 415; 830 e 1.200 g ha-1 e dissolvidos em água destilada e adição de espalhante adesivo (óleo vegetal a 0,02% (v/v, secos à temperatura ambiente no barracão e armazenados em câmara fria a 0 ± 2 ºC e 95±2 % UR, e avaliados aos 32 e 52 dias com relação à firmeza, sólidos solúveis, pH da polpa, acidez titulável e injúria por frio. O AVG mostrou-se promissor no uso pós-colheita em caqui, onde os frutos tratados conservaram índices de firmeza linear em função da dose e teores de AT, SS e pH aceitáveis para o 'Fuyu'. Porém os frutos apresentaram translucidez, característica de injúria por frio, indicando a necessidade de novos estudos para se compreender a fisiologia pós-colheita deste fruto.An experiment was carried out to analyze the effect of the application of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG in post harvest application in persimmon fruits (Diospyros kaki L. cv. Fuyu stored at a temperature of 0 ± 2ºC. The fruits were immersed for two minutes into an AVG solution at a concentration of 0; 415; 830; 1200 g ha-1 and dissolved in distillated water. Then it was added adhesive spreader (vegetable oil 0.02% (v/v, dried at room temperature and stored at 0 ± 2 ºC and 95±2 % humidity. The treatments were evaluated on the 32nd and 52nd days to check the firmness, soluble solids, pH of the pulp, tritable acidity and chilling injury. The AVG may be promising in post harvest use with persimmon fruits, where treated fruits preserved linear levels of firmness in function of the doses and TA, SS and pH levels are acceptable for cv. Fuyu. However, fruits showed translucency, which are characteristics of chilling injury, indicating that new studies are

Diospyros lycioides Desf.: Review of its botany, medicinal uses, pharmacological activities and phytochemistry

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Alfred Maroyi

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Diospyros lycioides Desf. (D. lycioides is traditionally used as herbal medicine against various human and animal ailments in tropical Africa. The present paper reviewed information on botany, medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of D. lycioides. This review was compiled using scientific literature from electronic search engine such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, BioMed Central, Scielo, Medline and Science domain. Additional literatures were obtained from book chapters, books, dissertations, websites and other scientific publications. D. lycioides is used as traditional medicine in 50% of the countries where the species is native in tropical Africa. This study recorded 22 medicinal uses of D. lycioides which included abdominal pains, infertility in women, sexually transmitted infections, and used as chewing sticks (or mouthwash, toothbrushes and ethnoveterinary medicine. D. lycioides extracts demonstrated anti-adhesive, anti-inflammatory, antimetastatic, antioxidant, antifungal, antiproliferative, mutagenicity and antibacterial activities. Future research should focus on the pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, clinical trials and pharmacokinetics of D. lycioides which will enhance the therapeutic potential of the species.

Effect of pre-treatment and extraction conditions on the antioxidant properties of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) leaves.

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Hossain, Abul; Moon, Hey Kyung; Kim, Jong-Kuk

2017-11-01

Persimmon is a very delicious fruit and the leaves of this tree are used as a traditional drug. This study aimed to investigate the effects of drying method (hot air and freeze-drying), extraction temperature (80, 90 and 100 °C) and extraction time (10, 30, 60 and 120 min) and harvest stage (flowering and fruiting) on the antioxidant contents and antioxidant activity of persimmon leaves. The results showed that the highest antioxidants were obtained in both methods of drying. Also, 100 °C for 120 min of extraction gave the highest antioxidant contents, but with no significant difference compared to 90 °C for 60 min of extraction. Persimmon leaves collected during flowering stage had the maximum amount of antioxidants compared to the fruiting stage. Finally, it can be said that persimmon leaves harvested during flowering stage and treated by hot air drying with these extraction conditions (90 °C for 60 min) are richer in bioactive compounds.

Effectivity of Foot Care Education Program in Improving Knowledge, Self-Efficacy and Foot Care Behavior of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Banjarbaru, Indonesia

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Mahdalena Mahdalena

2016-11-01

Masalah kaki diabetik di Indonesia masih merupakan masalah besar dan masih memerlukan perhatian yang optimal. Edukasi perawatan kaki adalah salah satu upaya yang harus dilakukan dalam mencegah masalah kaki untuk pasien diabetes melitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas program pendidikan perawatan kaki dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, efikasi diri, dan perilaku perawatan kaki pasien diabetes di wilayah Banjarbaru. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental dengan prepost test, dilakukan di puskesmas wilayah Banjarbaru tahun 2013. Kelompok intervensi diberikan program pendidikan perawatan kaki. Sampel berjumlah 48 pasien (32 orang kelompok intervensi dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel yang diukur adalah pengetahuan, efikasi diri, dan perilaku perawatan kaki pasien diabetes melitus. Perlakuan yang diberikan pada responden berupa pendidikan kesehatan tentang perawatan kaki sebanyak dua kali. Setiap variabel diukur dua kali sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Uji pengetahuan diukur menggunakan Diabetic Foot Care Knowledge Questionnaire, efikasi diri diukur menggunakan Foot Care Confident Scale Self-Efficacy, dan perilaku perawatan kaki dinilai menggunakan Behavior Foot Care Questionnaire. Analisis data menggunakan Manova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada tingkat pengetahuan (nilai p = 0,001, efikasi diri (nilai p = 0,000 dan perilaku perawatan kaki (nilai p = 0,000 sebelum dan setelah intervensi.

Embriogênese somática do caquizeiro Somatic embryogenesis of japanese persimmon

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Dayse Cristina de Carvalho

2004-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi o estabelecimento de um protocolo para a embriogênese somática do caquizeiro. Como explantes, foram utilizados embriões zigóticos em diversos estádios de desenvolvimento, retirados de frutos coletados de plantas adultas a campo, a partir de quatro semanas após o pleno florescimento até 22 semanas. O meio básico para os experimentos foi o MS½NO3. O meio inicial de indução foi suplementado com 20µM de 2,4-D e 2µM de cinetina. Os calos escuros obtidos foram repicados para outro meio de indução, com concentrações 10 ou 20 µM de 2,4-D e 2 µM de cinetina. Os calos com massas pró-embriogênicas obtidos foram transferidos para meio de manutenção e multiplicação com 2 µM de cinetina e 2,4-D nas concentrações 2,5; 5,0 e 10 µM. As massas embriogênicas formadas foram transferidas para meio de maturação suplementado com 0,5 µM de AIB e as concentrações 5; 10 e 20 µM de 2-iP. Os embriões formados foram isolados em dois meios de conversão, sendo o primeiro com 5 µM de 2-iP, 5 µM de AG3 e 0,5 µM de AIB e o segundo com 0,5 µM de AG3 e BAP, nas concentrações 0; 0,25; 0,5 e 1,0 µM. Como resultados, obteve-se o padrão indireto de embriogênese somática a partir de embriões zigóticos maduros, com mais de 22 semanas de formação, quando cultivados em meio de cultura com 10 µM de 2,4-D combinado com 2 µM de cinetina. A manutenção e a multiplicação das culturas embriogênicas foram mais eficientes com 5 µM de 2,4-D, na qual os pró-embriões avançaram para o estádio globular. Na fase de maturação, as concentrações de 2-iP testadas atuaram promovendo os embriões globulares a estádios mais avançados da ontogenia como cordiforme, torpedo e cotiledonar. A suplementação do meio de cultura com 1 µM de BAP e 0,5 µM de AG3 gerou a formação de plantas mais desenvolvidas, com maior número e tamanho de folhas.The goal of this work was to develop a protocol for persimmon cloning

Physico-chemical and structural characterization of mucilage isolated from seeds of Diospyros melonoxylon Roxb.

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Sudarshan Singh

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Mucilage was isolated from the seeds of Diospyros melonoxylonRoxb., a plant growing naturally in the forests of India. Various physico-chemical methods like particle analysis, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry analysis, molecular weight by gel permeation chromatography, rheometry, elemental analysis, x-ray diffraction spectrometry, zeta potential, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1D(1H and 13C (NMR have been employed to characterize this gum in the present study. Particle analyses suggest that mucilage had particle size in nanometer. SEM analysis suggested that the mucilage had irregular particle size. The glass transition temperature of the gum observed was 78 °C and 74 °C by DSC and DTA respectively. The Thermogravimetry analysis suggested that mucilage had good thermal stability with two stage decomposition. The molecular weight of mucilage was determined to be 8760, by gel permeation chromatography, while the viscosity of mucilage was observed to be 219.1 cP. The XRD pattern of the mucilage indicated a complete amorphous nature. Elemental analysis of the gum revealed specific contents of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur. The major functional groups identified from FT-IR spectrum include 3441 cm-1 (-OH, 1632 cm-1 (-COO-, 1414 cm-1 (-COO- and 1219 cm-1 (-CH3CO. Analysis of mucilage by paper chromatography and 1D NMR indicated the presence of sugars.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using methanolic root extracts of Diospyros paniculata and their antimicrobial activities.

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Rao, N Hanumanta; N, Lakshmidevi; Pammi, S V N; Kollu, Pratap; S, Ganapaty; P, Lakshmi

2016-05-01

Since the discovery and subsequent widespread use of antibiotics, a variety of bacterial species of human and animal origin have developed numerous mechanisms that render bacteria resistant to some, and in certain cases to nearly all antibiotics, thereby limiting the treatment options and compromising effective therapy. In the present study, the green synthesis of nanoparticles is carried out by the reduction of silver acetate in the presence of crude methanolic root extracts of Diospyros paniculata, a member of family Ebenaceae. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum of the biologically reduced reaction mixture showed the surface plasmon peak at 428 nm, a characteristic peak of silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the face-centered cubic crystalline structure of metallic silver. The average diameter of Ag NPs is about 17 nm from Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) which is in good agreement with the average crystallite size (19 nm) calculated from XRD analysis. Further the study has been extended to the antimicrobial activity against test pathogenic Gram (+), Gram (-) bacterial and fungal strains. The biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles showed promising activity against all the tested pathogenic strains and the activity has been enhanced with the increased dose levels. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A Rare Class of New Dimeric Naphtoquiones from Diospyros lotus have Multidrug Reversal and Antiproliferative Effects

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Dr. Abdur eRauf

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Three new dimeric naphthoquinones, 5,4′-dihydroxy-1′-methoxy-6,6′-dimethyl-7,3′-binaphthyl-1,4,5′,8′-tetraone (1, 5′,8′-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-6,6′-dimethyl-7,3′-binaphthyl-1,4,1′,4′-tetraone (2 and 8,5′,8′-trihydroxy-6,6′-dimethyl-7,3′-binaphthyl-1,4,1′,4′-tetraone (3, were isolated from the roots of Diospyros lotus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR, such as HSQC, HMBS, NOESY and J resolved. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their effects on the reversion of multidrug resistance (MDR mediated by P-glycoprotein through use of the rhodamine-123 exclusion screening test on human ABCB1 gene transfected L5178Y mouse T-cell lymphoma. Compounds 1-3 were also assessed for their antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on L5178 and L5178Y mouse T-cell lymphoma lines. Both 1 and 2 exhibited promising antiproliferative and MDR-reversing effects in a dose dependent manner. The effects of the tested compounds on the activity of doxorubicin were observed to vary from slight antagonism to antagonism.

Seed dispersal of Diospyros virginiana in the past and the present: Evidence for a generalist evolutionary strategy.

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Rebein, Mimi; Davis, Charli N; Abad, Helena; Stone, Taylor; Del Sol, Jillian; Skinner, Natalie; Moran, Matthew D

2017-06-01

Several North American trees are hypothesized to have lost their co-evolved seed disperser during the late-Pleistocene extinction and are therefore considered anachronistic. We tested this hypothesis for the American persimmon ( Diospyros virginiana ) by studying the effects of gut passage of proposed seed dispersers on seedling survival and growth, natural fruiting characteristics, and modern animal consumption patterns. We tested gut passage effects on persimmon seeds using three native living species, the raccoon ( Procyon lotor ), Virginia opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ), and coyote ( Canis latrans ), and two Pleistocene analogs; the Asian elephant ( Elephas maximus ) and alpaca ( Vicugna pacos ). Persimmon seeds excreted by raccoons, coyotes, and elephants survived gut transit. Gut passage did not affect sprouting success, but did tend to decrease time to sprout and increase seedling quality. Under field conditions, persimmon fruits were palatable on the parent tree and on the ground for an equal duration, but most fruits were consumed on the ground. Seven vertebrate species fed upon persimmon fruits, with the white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus )-a species not capable of dispersing persimmon seeds-comprising over 90% of detections. Conversely, potential living seed dispersers were rarely detected. Our results suggest the American persimmon evolved to attract a variety of seed dispersers and thus is not anachronistic. However, human-induced changes in mammal communities could be affecting successful seed dispersal. We argue that changes in the relative abundance of mammals during the Anthropocene may be modifying seed dispersal patterns, leading to potential changes in forest community composition.

Evidence that the Ceratobasidium-like white-thread blight and black rot fungal pathogens from persimmon and tea crops in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest agroecosystem are two distinct phylospecies

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Paulo C. Ceresini

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The white-thread blight and black rot (WTBR caused by basidiomycetous fungi of the genus Ceratobasidium is emerging as an important plant disease in Brazil, particularly for crop species in the Ericales such as persimmon (Diospyros kaki and tea (Camellia sinensis. However, the species identity of the fungal pathogen associated with either of these hosts is still unclear. In this work, we used sequence variation in the internal transcribed spacer regions, including the 5.8S coding region of rDNA (ITS-5.8S rDNA, to determine the phylogenetic placement of the local white-thread-blight-associated populations of Ceratobasidium sp. from persimmon and tea, in relation to Ceratobasidium species already described world-wide. The two sister populations of Ceratobasidium sp. from persimmon and tea in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest agroecosystem most likely represent distinct species within Ceratobasidium and are also distinct from C. noxium, the etiological agent of the first description of white-thread blight disease that was reported on coffee in India. The intraspecific variation for the two Ceratobasidium sp. populations was also analyzed using three mitochondrial genes (ATP6, nad1 and nad2. As reported for other fungi, variation in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA was incongruent. Despite distinct variability in the ITS-rDNA region these two populations shared similar mitochondrial DNA haplotypes.

Evidence that the Ceratobasidium-like white-thread blight and black rot fungal pathogens from persimmon and tea crops in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest agroecosystem are two distinct phylospecies.

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Ceresini, Paulo C; Costa-Souza, Elaine; Zala, Marcello; Furtado, Edson L; Souza, Nilton L

2012-04-01

The white-thread blight and black rot (WTBR) caused by basidiomycetous fungi of the genus Ceratobasidium is emerging as an important plant disease in Brazil, particularly for crop species in the Ericales such as persimmon (Diospyros kaki) and tea (Camellia sinensis). However, the species identity of the fungal pathogen associated with either of these hosts is still unclear. In this work, we used sequence variation in the internal transcribed spacer regions, including the 5.8S coding region of rDNA (ITS-5.8S rDNA), to determine the phylogenetic placement of the local white-thread-blight-associated populations of Ceratobasidium sp. from persimmon and tea, in relation to Ceratobasidium species already described world-wide. The two sister populations of Ceratobasidium sp. from persimmon and tea in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest agroecosystem most likely represent distinct species within Ceratobasidium and are also distinct from C. noxium, the etiological agent of the first description of white-thread blight disease that was reported on coffee in India. The intraspecific variation for the two Ceratobasidium sp. populations was also analyzed using three mitochondrial genes (ATP6, nad1 and nad2). As reported for other fungi, variation in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA was incongruent. Despite distinct variability in the ITS-rDNA region these two populations shared similar mitochondrial DNA haplotypes.

Enhanced Microbial, Functional and Sensory Properties of Herbal Yogurt Fermented with Korean Traditional Plant Extracts

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Joung, Jae Yeon; Lee, Ji Young; Ha, Young Sik; Shin, Yong Kook; Kim, Younghoon; Kim, Sae Hun; Oh, Nam Su

2016-01-01

This study evaluated the effects of two Korean traditional plant extracts (Diospyros kaki THUNB. leaf; DK, and Nelumbo nucifera leaf; NN) on the fermentation, functional and sensory properties of herbal yogurts. Compared to control fermentation, all plant extracts increased acidification rate and reduced the time to complete fermentation (pH 4.5). Supplementation of plant extracts and storage time were found to influence the characteristics of the yogurts, contributing to increased viability of starter culture and phenolic compounds. In particular, the increase in the counts of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus was highest (2.95 and 1.14 Log CFU/mL respectively) in DK yogurt. Furthermore, supplementation of the plant extracts significantly influenced to increase the antioxidant activity and water holding capacity and to produce volatile compounds. The higher antioxidant activity and water holding capacity were observed in NN yogurt than DK yogurt. Moreover, all of the sensory characteristics were altered by the addition of plant extracts. Addition of plant extracts increased the scores related to flavor, taste, and texture from plain yogurt without a plant extract, as a result of volatile compounds analysis. Thus, the overall preference was increased by plant extracts. Consequently, supplementation of DK and NN extracts in yogurt enhanced the antioxidant activity and physical property, moreover increased the acceptability of yogurt. These findings demonstrate the possibility of using plant extracts as a functional ingredient in the manufacture of herbal yogurt. PMID:27499669

Enhanced Microbial, Functional and Sensory Properties of Herbal Yogurt Fermented with Korean Traditional Plant Extracts.

Science.gov (United States)

Joung, Jae Yeon; Lee, Ji Young; Ha, Young Sik; Shin, Yong Kook; Kim, Younghoon; Kim, Sae Hun; Oh, Nam Su

2016-01-01

This study evaluated the effects of two Korean traditional plant extracts (Diospyros kaki THUNB. leaf; DK, and Nelumbo nucifera leaf; NN) on the fermentation, functional and sensory properties of herbal yogurts. Compared to control fermentation, all plant extracts increased acidification rate and reduced the time to complete fermentation (pH 4.5). Supplementation of plant extracts and storage time were found to influence the characteristics of the yogurts, contributing to increased viability of starter culture and phenolic compounds. In particular, the increase in the counts of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus was highest (2.95 and 1.14 Log CFU/mL respectively) in DK yogurt. Furthermore, supplementation of the plant extracts significantly influenced to increase the antioxidant activity and water holding capacity and to produce volatile compounds. The higher antioxidant activity and water holding capacity were observed in NN yogurt than DK yogurt. Moreover, all of the sensory characteristics were altered by the addition of plant extracts. Addition of plant extracts increased the scores related to flavor, taste, and texture from plain yogurt without a plant extract, as a result of volatile compounds analysis. Thus, the overall preference was increased by plant extracts. Consequently, supplementation of DK and NN extracts in yogurt enhanced the antioxidant activity and physical property, moreover increased the acceptability of yogurt. These findings demonstrate the possibility of using plant extracts as a functional ingredient in the manufacture of herbal yogurt.

AN ANALISIS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT DEATHS IN A HOSPITAL IN JAKARTA

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Supardi Praptasuganda

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Dari 107 penderita kecelakaan lalu lintas yang dirawat dan meninggal di RS. DR. Cipto Mangunkusumo di Jakarta, 1984, 37% adalah pejalan kaki dan 36% adalah pengendara atau penumpang sepeda motor. Paling sedikit 65% dari kasus yang meninggal, kalau tidak semuanya, menderita cedera kepala dan 70% meninggal dalam waktu 2 hari setelah perawatan. Kematian pejalan kaki cenderung meningkat dengan meningkatnya usia dan hampir 50% disebabkan oleh karena tertabrak mobil. Pemakaian helm kepala bagi pengendara dan penumpang sepeda motor, sabuk pengaman bagi pengemudi dan penumpang ken­daraan bermotor lain dianjurkan untuk mencegah terjadinya cedera kepala. Diperlukan lebih banyak sarana pencegahan pasif untuk melindungi pejalan kaki.

In vitro bioaccessibility of individual carotenoids from persimmon (Diospyros kaki, cv. Rojo Brillante) used as an ingredient in a model dairy food.

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García-Cayuela, Tomás; Nuño-Escobar, Beatriz; Welti-Chanes, Jorge; Cano, M Pilar

2017-12-11

Addition of persimmon fruit, which is highly rich in carotenoids, to dairy products represents an alternative to obtain functional foods. However, carotenoid bioaccessibility is strongly influenced by fat content and food composition. That is why in vitro bioaccessibility of individual carotenoids was evaluated in persimmon-based dairy products formulated with whole (3.6% fat) or skimmed milk (0.25% fat) and different freeze-dried persimmon tissues. Unambiguous identification of seven xanthophylls (neoxanthin, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lutein epoxide and β-cryptoxanthin) and three hydrocarbon carotenes (α-carotene, β-carotene and lycopene) was achieved using high-performance liquid chromatography with a reverse-phase C-30 column. Total carotenoid content declined up 71% through the digestion process. In vitro bioaccessibility of carotenoids was significantly higher in dairy products formulated with whole milk than those with skimmed milk, representing a difference of more than 21% (in the formulation using persimmon whole fruit as ingredient). Furthermore, addition of whole milk to any type of persimmon tissue significantly improved the bioaccessibility of total provitamin A carotenoids, reaching the highest values (38%) with whole fruit and whole milk. The higher fat content in whole milk exerted a significant influence on carotenoid bioaccessibility, especially when using freeze-dried persimmon whole fruit. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Diospyros lotus leaf and grapefruit stem extract synergistically ameliorate atopic dermatitis-like skin lesion in mice by suppressing infiltration of mast cells in skin lesions.

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Cho, Byoung Ok; Che, Denis Nchang; Yin, Hong Hua; Shin, Jae Young; Jang, Seon Il

2017-05-01

Atopic dermatitis, a chronic relapsing and pruritic inflammation of the skin also thought to be involved in, or caused by immune system destruction is an upsetting health problem due to its continuously increasing incidence especially in developed countries. Mast cell infiltration in atopic dermatitis skin lesions and its IgE-mediated activation releases various cytokines and chemokines that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. This study was aimed at investigating synergistic anti-inflammatory, anti-pruritic and anti-atopic dermatitis effects of Diospyros lotus leaf extract (DLE) and Muscat bailey A grapefruit stem extract (GFSE) in atopic dermatitis-like induced skin lesions in mice. Combinations of DLE and GFSE inhibited TNF-α and IL-6 production more than DLE or GFSE in PMA plus calcium ionophore A23187-activated HMC-1 cells. DLE and GFSE synergistically inhibited compound 48/80-induced dermal infiltration of mast cells and reduced scratching behavior than DLE or GFSE. Furthermore, DLE and GFSE synergistically showed a stronger ameliorative effect in skin lesions by reducing clinical scores; dermal infiltration of mast cells; ear and dorsal skin thickness; serum IgE and IL-4 production in atopic dermatitis-like mice. Collectively, these results suggest that DLE and GFSE synergistically exhibit anti-atopic dermatitis effects in atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Analisis Gerakan Tendangan Ap Chagi Pada Taekwondoin junior Putra Kabupaten lombok Timur

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Nopi Hariadi

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Tendangan Ap Chagi ini merupakan teknik tendangan yang paling mendasar yang harus dikuasai Taekwondoin dan dapat menghasilkan poin tiga. (WTF Competition Rules & Interpretation, 2012: 22. Jenis penelitian yaitu jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dan bila ditinjau dari jenis pendekatannya termasuk Action Research (Penelitian tindakan. Instrumen penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Software Dartfish Handycam dan Laptop. Analisis data menggunakan Analyzer pada Software Dartfish serta penilaan dari Expert Judgement yang meliputi sudut tangan, sudut kemiringan punggung, sudut bukaan kaki dan sudut putaran telapak kaki, serta kecepatan dan ketepatan tendangan. Dari 3 atlet yang menjadi subjek penelitian diperoleh satu atlet yang mendapatkan hasil terbaik, pada tendangan Ap Chagi, hasil terbaik diperoleh pada subjek penelitian AKB. Penelitian menyimpulkan perbaikan gerakan berupa pendampingan dan arahan dari peneliti, pelatih dan Expert Judgement, berupa latihan fisik dan latihan teknik dasar tendangan Ap Chagi. Dan hasil tendangan Ap Chagi yang paling baik atau efektif terdapat pada refleksi III, dapat dilihat pada Taekwondoin AKB dengan waktu 0,34 s, jarak tendangan dengan sasaran 1,60 m, sehingga menghasilkan kecepatan 5,0 m/s. Berikutnya untuk sudut tangan 51.3°, sudut kemiringan punggung 141,8°, sudut bukaan kaki sebesar 101,0°, sudut putaran telapak kaki sebesar 50,0° dan tepat pada sasaran yang telah ditentukan.

Notes on the Ebenaceae. VI. Four species to be excluded from the family

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ng, F.S.P.

1970-01-01

In the course of a study on Indo-Malesian Ebenaceae currently being carried out in the Oxford Forest Herbarium, it has been discovered that four species previously accepted as Diospyros do not belong to that genus and must be excluded from the family. They are as follows. 1. Diospyros addita

Diospyros rhodocalyx (Tako-Na), a Thai folk medicine, associated with hypokalemia and generalized muscle weakness: a case series.

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Othong, Rittirak; Trakulsrichai, Satariya; Wananukul, Winai

2017-11-01

Diospyros rhodocalyx (Tako-Na) is a Thai folk medicine purported to promote longevity, treat impotence, etc. We present patients with hypokalemia, weakness and hypertension after consuming Tako-Na tea. Case 1: A 61-year-old man was brought in nine hours after drinking 400-500 mL of Tako-Na tea. One handful of Tako-Na bark was boiled in water to make tea. He had vomiting and watery diarrhea six hours after drinking it. He took no medications and had no history of hypertension. The only remarkable vital sign was BP 167/90 mmHg. Physical examination revealed generalized muscle weakness. Laboratory findings were potassium 2.7 mmol/L, bicarbonate 24 mmol/L, and transtubular potassium gradient (TTKG) 5.6. He was discharged the next day with a BP 140/90 mmHg and potassium 4.2 mmol/L. Case 2: A 78-year-old man, a friend of case 1, also drank Tako-Na tea from the same pot at the same time as case 1. He also had vomiting and diarrhea six hours later. He took no medications despite past history of hypertension (baseline SBP 140-160). Initial BP was 230/70 mmHg. He also had muscle weakness. Laboratory findings were potassium 3.3 mmol/L, bicarbonate 24 mmol/L, TTKG 7.37 and normal thyroid function. He was also discharged the next day with a BP 148/70 mmHg and potassium 4.2 mmol/L. Case 3-7: These were patients reported to a poison center and their potassium concentrations were 1.4, 1.4, 3.3, 1.3 and 1.2 mmol/L, respectively. Three of them were intubated and case 3 died. Tako-Na contains betulin, betulinic acid, taraxerone, lupeol, and lupenone. Their structures are similar to glycyrrhetic acid, the active metabolite of glycyrrhizic acid found in licorice which is well known to cause pseudoaldosteronism. Glycyrrhetic acid is potent in inhibiting 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and causes pseudoaldosteronism. We hypothesize that the compounds in Tako-Na act in the same way as glycyrrhetic acid in producing pseudoaldosteronism.

Recent advances in the cryopreservation of shoot-derived germplasm of economically important fruit trees of Actinidia, Diospyros, Malus, Olea, Prunus, Pyrus and Vitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Benelli, Carla; De Carlo, Anna; Engelmann, Florent

2013-01-01

This paper presents the advances made over the last decade in cryopreservation of economically important vegetatively propagated fruit trees. Cryopreservation protocols have been established using both dormant buds sampled on field-grown plants and shoot tips sampled on in vitro plantlets. In the case of dormant buds, scions are partially dehydrated by storage at -5 °C, and then cooled slowly to -30 °C using low cooling rates (c.a. 1 °C/h) before immersion in liquid nitrogen. After slow rewarming and rehydration of samples, regrowth takes place either through grafting of buds on rootstocks or excision of apices and inoculation in vitro. In the case of shoot tips of in vitro plantlets, the cryopreservation techniques employed are the following: controlled rate cooling procedures involving slow prefreezing followed by immersion in liquid nitrogen or vitrification-based procedures including encapsulation-dehydration, vitrification, encapsulation-vitrification and droplet-vitrification. The current status of cryopreservation for a series of fruit tree species including Actinidia, Diospyros, Malus, Olea, Prunus, Pyrus and Vitis is presented. Routine application of cryopreservation for long-term germplasm storage in genebanks is currently limited to apple and pear, for which large cryopreserved collections have been established at NCGRP, Fort Collins (USA), using dormant buds and in vitro shoot tips, respectively. However, there are a growing number of examples of pilot scale testing experiments under way for different species in various countries. Progress in the further development and application of cryopreservation techniques will be made through a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the induction of tolerance to dehydration and cryopreservation in frozen explants. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pendapatan Penduduk Pendatang Asal Luar Bali Sebagai Pedagang Kaki Lima di Kota Denpasar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I Gede Made Yudi Antara

2016-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Sektor informal di perkotaan memicu pertumbuhan tenaga kerja yang tinggi. Keberadaan Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL dalam sektor informal telah mendominasi sektor lapangan pekerjaan di wilayah Kota Denpasar. Hal ini didorong oleh kurangnya pendapatan dan potensi keuntungan yang akan diperoleh di Kota Wisata Bali. Penelitian menggunakan metode quota sampling sebanyak 100 orang PKL secara purposif dengan pertimbangan yaitu jumlah penduduk terbesar, lokasi pusat perdagangan dan bisnis, dan keterjangkauan lokasi penelitian.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian PKL berusia 20-40 tahun dengan proporsi 75% adalah laki-laki. Sebanyak 73% PKL telah tinggal di Denpasar selama kurang lebih 10 tahun. PKL yang datang ke Bali sebelumnya juga bekerja sebagai pedagang dengan pendidikan terakhir SMP/SMA. Rata-rata pendapatan bersih PKL sebesar Rp5.527.272,73,- per bulan telah layak diatas UMR tahun 2015 yaitu sebesar Rp 1.800.000,-. Kawasan wisata mempunyai pendapatan paling besar dibandingkan kawasan perdagangan dan bisnis. Umur, tingkat pendidikan, curahan jam kerja, lama usaha, modal, dan lokasi usaha mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan dengan nilai R2 hasil regresi linier ganda sebesar 0,667.   ABSTRACT The informal sector in urban areas cause the growth of high labor. The existence of street vendors (PKL in the informal sector has been dominated sector jobs in Denpasar region. It is driven by a lack of income and the potential benefits will be gained in tourism city of Bali. The study is using quota sampling of 100 people, purposively with consideration that populous center of trade and business location, and affordability study sites. The results shows that most vendors aged 20-40 years with proportion 75% were male. As many as 73% of PKL has lived in Denpasar for more than 10 years. Street vendors who come to Bali previously worked as a trader with the latest education junior high / high school. The average net income amounted Rp5

Anthelminthic activity of methanol extracts of Diospyros anisandra and Petiveria alliacea on cyathostomin (Nematoda: Cyathostominae) larval development and egg hatching.

Science.gov (United States)

Flota-Burgos, G J; Rosado-Aguilar, J A; Rodríguez-Vivas, R I; Arjona-Cambranes, K A

2017-12-15

Methanol extracts of plant structures are promising alternatives to traditional pharmaceutical anthelminthic treatments. An in vitro evaluation was done of how methanol extracts of Diospyros anisandra bark and leaves, and Petiveria alliacea stems and leaves, collected during the rainy and dry seasons, effected cyathostomin larval development and egg hatching. Seven concentrations (600, 300, 150, 75, 37.5, 18.7 and 9.3μg/ml) were tested using the egg hatch assay. An ANOVA was applied to identify differences between the concentrations and the controls. Fifty percent lethal concentration (LC 50 ) and the 95% confidence interval were calculated with a probit analysis. At and above 37.5μg/ml, the D. anisandra bark extracts from both seasons exhibited ≥95% egg hatch inhibition (EHI), while the D. anisandra leaf extracts had >90% EHI at and above 75μg/ml. For P. alliacea, the extracts from leaves and stems from either season exhibited >97% EHI at and above 300μg/ml, although similar efficacy was also observed at lower concentrations with the rainy season stems (75μg/ml) and leaves (150μg/ml). Values for LC 50 were lowest for the rainy season D. anisandra bark (10.2μg/ml) and leaf extracts (18.4μg/ml), followed by the rainy season P. alliacea stems extract (28.2μg/ml). In the D. anisandra extracts, EHI was largely due to its ovicidal activity (≥96% beginning at 37.5μg/ml), whereas in the P. alliacea extracts it was due to L 1 larval hatch failure (≥90% beginning at 75μg/ml). Overall, the rainy season D. anisandra bark extracts had a strong in vitro anthelminthic effect against cyathostomins by inhibiting larval development, and the rainy season P. alliacea stem extracts had a strong effect by preventing egg hatching. Both are possible control alternatives for these nematodes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

National Register Testing of 19 Prehistoric Archeological Sites on Fort Hood, Texas: The 1995 Season

Science.gov (United States)

1999-07-01

arboreal species include ash (Fraxinus sp.), redbud (Cercis canadensis), hack- berry (Celtis sp.), Texas persimmon ( Diospyros texana), and Mexican...from flotation of hearth fill were identified as Celtis sp. nutlets, woody legume, Rosaceae wood, and Diospyros virginiana wood, the latter...early 1990s. For consistency, all of their studies have focused on a single genus , Rabdotus sp., that is abundant in the archeological deposits at

Archaeological Investigations in the Upper Tombigbee Valley, Mississippi: Phase I. Volume 1.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-01-01

the genus level by comparison to spe- cimens in the comparative collection at Auburn University- Montgomery, to a dicot wood key (King n.d.), and to...by hickory nut fragments. It contained a grape seed (Vitis), a persimmon fragment ( Diospyros ), and hardwood fragments. Samples from three prepared...hackberry seed (Celtic). Feature 120 contained walnut fragments (Juglans), fern spores, a persimmon seed ( Diospyros ), unidentifiable seed fragments

Ecological Baseline, Fort Hood, Texas

Science.gov (United States)

1980-08-01

cedar eTm (Uiimus crassifolia), Texas ash (Fraxinus texansis), and Texas persimmon ( Diospyros texana). Conversely, the two predominant tree species...Ilex decidua), Mex- ican buckeye (Ungnadia spjeciosa), and Texas persimmon ( Diospyros texana). Vines included greenbrier (Smilax bona-nox) and white...Hedgehey Cactus (Echinocereus sp.) has been observed on Fort Hood. Due to the brief period of flowering for this genus , the individual species were not

Native and introduced host plants of Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in northwestern Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

Ovruski, Sergio; Schliserman, Pablo; Aluja, Martín

2003-08-01

Wild or commercially grown, native and exotic fruit were collected in 30 localities in the Tucumán province (NW Argentina) from January 1990 to December 1995 to determine their status as hosts of Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) and/or Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), the only two fruit fly species of economic and quarantine importance in Argentina. A total of 84,094 fruit (3,466.1 kg) representing 33 species (7 native and 26 exotic) in 15 plant families were sampled. We determined the following 17 host plant associations: Annona cherimola Miller (Annonaceae), Citrus paradisi Macfadyn (Rutaceae), Diospyros kaki L. (Ebenaceae), Eugenia uniflora L., Psidium guajava L., Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legrand (Myrtaceae), Ficus carica L. (Moraceae), Juglans australis Grisebach (Juglandaceae), Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae), Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Prunus armeniaca L., P. domestica L., and P. persica (L.) Batsch (Rosaceae) were infested by both A. fraterculus and C. capitata. Citrus aurantium L., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae), and Passiflora caerulea L. (Passifloraceae) were only infested by Ceratitis capitata. Out of a total of 99,627 adults that emerged from pupae, 69,180 (approximately 69.5%) were Anastrepha fraterculus, 30,138 (approximately 30.2%) were C. capitata, and 309 (approximately 0.3%) were an unidentified Anastrepha species. Anastrepha fraterculus predominated in native plant species while C. capitata did so in introduced species. Infestation rates (number of larvae/kg of fruit) varied sharply from year to year and between host plant species (overall there was a significant negative correlation between fruit size and infestation level). We provide information on fruiting phenology of all the reported hosts and discuss our findings in light of their practical (e.g., management of A. fraterculus and C. capitata in citrus groves) implications.

Seasonal occurrence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824 (Diptera: Tephritidae in southern Syria

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Mansour Mohammed

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Population fluctuations of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly, Ceratitis capitata, were investigated between 1999 and 2001 at several locations representing fruit production areas in the southern part of Syria (Damascus Ghota, Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab. Medfly adults were monitored weekly all year around using Jackson traps baited with trimedlure dispensers. Larvae were also sampled in Damascus Ghota by collecting fruits from ripe or ripening fruit trees and recording the number of larvae emerged from these fruits. In addition, suspected overwintering refuges were sampled at weekly intervals during the three coldest months of the year (December – February and the number of collected larvae was recorded. The results of trap catches and fruit sampling studies showed a similar pattern of occurrence of medfly populations in the study areas, particularly in Damascus Ghota, during the three years of the study. In Damascus Ghota, flies were caught continuously from early June to late December with some variability between years. Two distinct periods of high fly activity were observed: the first one occurred in August and the second in November with a much higher amplitude. In general, seasonal fluctuations in the pattern of occurrence were influenced by differences in temperature and abundance of preferred host fruits. Traps on fig Ficus carica and oriental persimmon Diospyros kaki trees caught the highest numbers of flies, and fruits collected from these trees showed the highest level of infestation, reaching 100% for fig fruit late in the season. Sampling fruits (in Damascus Ghota from trees during the three coldest months of the year showed that a small population of medfly larvae was able to survive winter conditions in prickly pear Opuntia vulgaris fruit left on the trees. In the other areas of the study (Zabadani, Sargaiah, Rankus, Orneh and Ain Al-Arab, only a few flies were caught.

Ethnoarchaeological Investigations of the Mountain Creek Area, North Central Texas. Volume 2. Historic Farming on the Hogwallow Prairies

Science.gov (United States)

1988-05-01

species. Once an item recovered from sites 41DL183, 41DL196, and 41TR45. was identified to genus or species, it was labeled and When viewed from the...Gray Red Haw Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon Sapindus saponaria L. var. Wild China/ Soapberry Cercis canadensis L. Redbud Juglans spp. Walnut 15.4...spp. Plum .3 Crataegus mollis Torr. & Gray Red Haw .9 .8 .3 Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon .3 Sapindus saponaria L. var. Wild China/ Soapberry .8 1.9

Controle da maturação de caquis 'Fuyu', com uso de aminoethoxivinilglicina e ácido giberélico Maturation control of kaki 'Fuyu' using aminoethoxivinilglicin adn gibberelic acid

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VALDECIR CARLOS FERRI

2002-08-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se o efeito do controle da maturação e o comportamento pós-colheita de caquis 'Fuyu', tratados a campo com aminoethoxivinilglicina (AVG e ácido giberélico (AG3. Utilizou-se o delineamento completamente casualizado, com quatro repetições. As pulverizações foram realizadas com AVG a 50ppm e AG3 a 30ppm, 30 dias antes da data prevista para a colheita. Após a colheita, os frutos foram armazenados em ambiente com temperatura 23±3ºC e umidade relativa de 75±5% e, a cada quatro dias, foram realizadas avaliações da perda de peso, firmeza de polpa, produção de etileno e teor de clorofilas e de carotenóides. As aplicações de AG3 e de AVG permitiram retardar o momento da colheita dos frutos e auxiliaram no armazenamento dos mesmos, através da preservação da integridade física dos frutos.This paper aims to evaluating the effect of maturation control and the post-harvest behavior in relation to Kaki 'Fuyu' sprayed with aminoethoxivinilglicin (AVG and Gibberelic acid (AG3 in the field. As to spraying, AVG at 50 ppm and AG3 at 30 ppm were used 30 days before harvest with four repeated applications at random. The fruits were stored at average temperatures of 23±3ºC and relative humidity of 75±5%; weight loss, pulp firmness, ethylene production, chlorophyll and caretenoid substances were evaluated every four days. The AG3 and AVG applications permited to retard harvest and helped storing of the fruits, through the physical structure preservation of fruits.

Evapotranspiração e coeficiente de cultivo do tomate caqui cultivado em ambiente protegido Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of Kaki tomato cultivated in greenhouse

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Ligia S. Reis

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Os parâmetros aerodinâmicos de uma cultura cultivada em ambiente protegido podem ser considerados dependentes do nível de radiação global, temperatura do ar e umidade do ar, com base em leis exponenciais. Assim sendo se propôs com este trabalho, estimar a evapotranspiração e o coeficiente de cultivo da cultura do tomate caqui em ambiente protegido, sob irrigação por gotejamento, utilizando-se o modelo de Penman-Monteith. Os parâmetros aerodinâmicos foram medidos com sensores conectados à estação automática instalada dentro do ambiente protegido. A evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc foi determinada experimentalmente por meio de lisímetros de drenagem e a umidade do solo foi medida através de sensores instalados a uma profundidade de 20 cm. O desempenho do modelo de Penman-Monteith foi comparado aos valores decendiais do balanço hídrico nos lisímetros; já a evapotranspiração de referência foi calculada com dados externos e utilizada para o cálculo do Kc da cultura; enfim, os resultados indicaram que o modelo de Penman-Monteith subestima os valores de evapotranspiração encontrados pelo balanço hídrico nos lisímetros.The aerodynamic parameters of a crop cultivated in greenhouse can be considered dependent upon the level of global radiation, air temperature and relative humidity, based on exponential laws. Consequently, this work intends to estimate the evapotranspiration and the crop coefficient of Kaki tomato in greenhouse, under drip irrigation, using the Penman-Monteith model. The aerodynamic parameters were measured with sensors connected to the automatic station installed inside the greenhouse. The ETc was determined experimentally through drainage lysimeters and the soil water content was measured through sensors installed at a depth of 20 cm. The performance of the Penman-Monteith model was compared to decennial values of the water balance in the lysimeters, while the reference evapotranspiration was calculated

Flow cytometry approach for studying the interaction between ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Flow cytometry approach for studying the interaction between Bacillus mojavensis and Alternaria alternata. Asma Milet, Noreddine Kacem Chaouche, Laid Dehimat, Asma Ait Kaki, Mounira Kara Ali, Philippe Thonart ...

Impacts of Military Training and Land Management on Threatened and Endangered Species in the Southeastern Fall Line Sandhills Communities

Science.gov (United States)

2009-05-01

0.01 a 0 0.16 a 0.03 a 0.11 a Diospyros virginiana (persimmon) * 0 0 0.01 a 0 * 0 0 Nyssa sylvatica (black gum) 0 * 0 0.05 a 0 0.05 a 0 0...0 0 0.02 b 0 0.01 b 0.16 a 0 Prunus spp. (cherry) 0 0.42 a 0 * 0.02 b 0.01 b 0 0.02 b Sassafras albidum (sassafras) 0 * 0 * * 0 0 0...disturbance treatments were composed primarily of longleaf pine, turkey oak, sand post oak, bluejack oak, persimmon (Diospyros virginiana ), black gum (Nyssa

Asuhan Keperawatan pada An. K dengan Kebutuhan Dasar personal hygiene di RSUD. dr. Pirngadi Medan Tahun 2014

OpenAIRE

Harahap, Nelmy Hannum

2015-01-01

Personal hygiene adalah suatu usaha pemeliharaan kesehatan diri seseorang yang bertujuan mencegah terjangkitnya penyakit serta untuk memperbaiki status kesehatannya. Salah satu indikator dari Personal hygiene adalah perawatan kaki, tangan, dan kuku (Perry & Potter, 2005). 112500048

The Importance Therapeutic of Products Extracted from the Fir Tree of Numidia (Abies numidica) and Research for an Antibacterial Activity

OpenAIRE

YASMİNA, Tlili AitKaki; BENNADJA, Salima; ABDELGHANİ, Djahoudi

2014-01-01

Yasmina TLILI AIT KAKI, Salima BENNADJA, Djahoudi ABDELGHANI Laboratoire de botanique médicale, Département de pharmacie, Faculté de médecine, Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba, 23000 Algérie *Corresponding Author:

Integration of antimicrobial pectin-based edible coating and active modified atmosphere packaging to preserve the quality and microbial safety of fresh-cut persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb. cv. Rojo Brillante).

Science.gov (United States)

Sanchís, Elena; Ghidelli, Christian; Sheth, Chirag C; Mateos, Milagros; Palou, Lluís; Pérez-Gago, María B

2017-01-01

The greatest hurdle to the commercial marketing of fresh-cut fruits is related to their higher susceptibility to enzymatic browning, tissue softening, and microbial growth. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a pectin-based edible coating and low oxygen modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) to control enzymatic browning and reduce microbial growth of fresh-cut 'Rojo Brillante' persimmon. The survival of Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes artificially inoculated on fresh-cut fruit was also assessed. The pectin coating was amended with 500 IU mL -1 nisin (NI) as antimicrobial agent and 10 g kg -1 citric acid and 10 g kg -1 calcium chloride as anti-browning and firming agents, respectively. Persimmon slices were dipped in the coating or in water (control) and packed under 5 kPa O 2 (MAP) or in ambient atmosphere for up to 9 days at 5 °C. Microbial growth, package gas composition, colour, firmness, polyphenol oxidase activity, visual quality and overall sensory flavour of persimmon slices were measured during storage. Coating application combined with active MAP significantly reduced the CO 2 emission and O 2 consumption in the package. The coating was effective in reducing browning and also inhibited the growth of mesophilic aerobic bacteria. Coating also reduced the populations of E. coli, S. enteritidis and L. monocytogenes. The combination of the pectin-based edible coating and active MAP proved to be the most effective treatment to maintain the sensory and microbiological quality of persimmon slices for more than 9 days of storage. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Makna Keuntungan Bagi Pedagang Kaki Lima (Studi pada Pedagang Kaki Lima di Bangsri Jepara

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Ahmad Ubaidillah

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This research’s goal is to understand the meaning of profit which is seen from cadger’s side. Cadger profession become focus because their relation directly  between cadger, money, and society. Cadger profession, society and "money" is an endless circle. They related to the various circle of life. With Intensionalism Hermeneutic, researchers trying to interpret and explore the meaning of the words in the text or informant of what the language or what is thought by informants. This research concludes that there are three meanings of profit for cadger profession. The first meaning is material profit in the form of deposits or  savings that used to cover personal necessity. The second meaning is spiritual profit  will be seen from the street cadger’s to keep attention to the command of God to all His commandments. And the third meaning is inner satisfaction profit when can make others happy, even as street vendors still have the opportunity to share.  These are the three meanings of “profit” found in this research, which was viewed from the cadger’s side.

1 - 5_Abba et al.

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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METHANOL EXTRACT OF STEM BARK OF Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst ... 1Department of Science Laboratory Technology, College of Science and Technology, Hussaini Adamu ... triterpenes, saponin, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloid.

Monitoring and Management of a Sensitive Resource: A Landscape-level Approach with Amphibians

Science.gov (United States)

2000-03-01

adults and tadpoles) of eight species of frogs and six individuals of one species of aquatic salamander (Table 13). Frogs in the genus Rana were...0.00 0.00 0.00 ɘ.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Diospyros virginiana nla 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ɘ.01 Fagus grandifolia nla 0.00 0.00...0.02 0.07 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 Comus florida 0.02 0.11 0.00 0.01 0.11 0.04 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 Diospyros virginiana n/a

Assessment of the content of phenolics and antioxidant actions of the Rubiaceae, Ebenaceae, Celastraceae, Erythroxylaceae and Sterculaceae families of Mauritian endemic plants.

Science.gov (United States)

Soobrattee, Muhammad A; Bahorun, Theeshan; Neergheen, Vidushi S; Googoolye, Kreshna; Aruoma, Okezie I

2008-02-01

There is continued interest in the assessment of the bioefficacy of the active principles in extracts from a variety of traditional medicine and food plants in order to determine their impact on the management of a variety of clinical conditions and maintenance of health. The polyphenolic composition and antioxidant potential of Mauritian endemic plants of the Rubiaceae, Ebenaceae, Celastraceae, Erythroxylaceae and Sterculaceae family were determined. The phenolics level of the plant extracts varied from 1 to 75 mg/g FW, the maximum level measured in Diospyros neraudii (Ebenaceae). Coffea macrocarpa showed the highest flavonoids content with 18+/-0.7 mg/g FW. The antioxidant capacity based on the TEAC and FRAP values were strongly related to total phenolics and proanthocyanidins content, while a weaker correlation was observed with (-) gallic acid. Erythroxylum sideroxyloides showed the highest protective effect in the lipid peroxidation systems with IC(50) of 0.0435+/-0.001 mg FW/ml in the Fe(3+)/ascorbate system and 0.05+/-0.002 mg FW/ml in the AAPH system. Cassine orientalis, E. sideroxyloides, Diospyros mellanida and Chassalia coriancea var. johnstonii were weakly prooxidant only at higher concentration greater of 10 g FW/L indicating potential safety. Mauritian endemic plants, particularly the genus Diospyros, are good sources of phenolic antioxidants and potential candidates for the development of prophylactic agents.

Brugia timori INFECTION IN LEKEBAI, FLORES: clinical aspects

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Arbain Joesoef

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Pengamatan filariasis pada penduduk Nualolo-Lekebai, Pulau Flores telah dilakukan pada bulan Februari 1975. Kampung Nualolo-Lekebai berpenduduk 680 jiwa, pekerjaan bertani dan menganut agama Nasrani. Kebiasaan hidup di antara penduduk di daerah ini adalah menyerahkan pelaksanaan pekerjaan berat pada kaum wanita, baik di rumah ataupun di kebun. Dalam perjalanan jauh baik ke kebun atau ke pasar, kaum wanitanya selalu berjalan kaki sedangkan kaum prianya menunggang kuda. Sejumlah 80% dari penduduk kampung ini telah diperiksa terhadap infeksi parasit filaria dan terhadap gejala filariasis. Dari hasil yang ditemukan ternyata penduduk kampung ini menderita infeksi Brugia timori dengan angka derajat infeksi sebesar 7.0% dan angka derajat elephantiasis sebesar 10.3%. Hal yang menarik yang ditemukan dalam pengamatan ini adalah tingginya angka derajat elephantiasis pada kaum wanita dibandingkan dengan pada kaum pria. Fenomena ini mungkin disebabkan oleh kebiasaan hidup kaum wanita di daerah ini sehari-hari yang bekerja lebih berat dan berjalan kaki lebih sering dan lebih jauh dibandingkan kaum prianya.

Risk and pathway assessment for the introduction of exotic insects and pathogens that could affect Hawai'i's native forests

Science.gov (United States)

Gregg A. DeNitto; Philip Cannon; Andris Eglitis; Jessie A. Glaeser; Helen Maffei; Sheri. Smith

2015-01-01

The unmitigated risk potential of the introduction of exotic insects and pathogens to Hawai'i was evaluated for its impact on native plants, specifically Acacia koa, Cibotium spp., Dicranopteris linearis, Diospyros sandwicensis, Dodonaea viscosa, ...

Direct Deposition Effect on the Distribution of Radiocesium in Persimmon Trees and the Effective Half-life

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tagami, Keiko; Uchida, Shigeo [National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-7444 (Japan)

2014-07-01

Radiocesium ({sup 137}Cs) concentrations in persimmon tree tissues collected at Chiba, about 220 km south from Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP), were measured to obtain half-life of radiocesium in the trees. Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is a deciduous tree and bears edible fruits in autumn. There were no leaves when the sampling area was received the radioactive fallout in March 2011 due to the FDNPP accident; the amount of {sup 137}Cs radioactivity in this area was ca. 13 kBq/m{sup 3} Both {sup 137}Cs and {sup 134}Cs were found in the newly emerged shoots of the persimmon trees collected at 26 April 2011 mainly due to foliar uptake. The concentrations were 1.1 kBq/kg-dry for {sup 137}Cs and 1.3 kBq/kg-dry for {sup 134}Cs. After that, continuous sampling of leaves, branches and fruits of the persimmon trees had been carried out for two years. Immediately after the collection, samples were transferred to our laboratory and weighed to obtain fresh weight. Leaf samples were usually separated into two portions; one portion was washed with tap water to remove dust from the surface and the other portion was not treated. For fruit samples, if it is possible, fruit flesh, peal and non-edible part were separated. All the samples were oven-dried at 80 deg. C for three days at least. Each dried sample was chopped into fine pieces, mixed well, and then transferred into plastic vessels separately. Radioactivity concentration was measured by a Ge-detecting system (Seiko EG and G Ortec) using 3000-40000 s counting intervals. By August 14, 2013, about 140 samples were collected from the trees; about 60 samples were leaves (both washed and untreated). Radiocesium concentrations in tree leaves decreased with time, and the effective half-life was about 190 d; the value was similar to those in branches (160 d for new branches, and 250 d for 1-2 y.o. branches) and fruits (250 d for fruit flesh and 230 d for peals). Thus we concluded that the half-life of radiocesium in

EMBALAGENS NA PROTEÇÃO CONTRA PRAGAS DE FRUTOS DE CAQUIZEIRO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carine Rusin

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The persimmon culture can be attacked by several pests and diseases, however, there are few studies related to the control. In addition, there is a lack of pesticides registered in the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA, in Portuguese “Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento”, emerging the fruit bagging as an alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate different kinds of protective packs for bagging persimmon fruits, in order to control pests and diseases and, consequently, improve the fruit quality. The experiment was conducted in a persimmon orchard on the experimental station of the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS, located in the Tuiuty District, in Bento Gonçalves, RS. Were performed four treatments: control (not bagged fruits, perforated polypropylene packaging, white TNT (non woven tissue packing, and kraft brown paper packing. The harvested fruits were evaluated for weight, symptoms of caterpillars damage, presence of mealybug (Pseudococcus sp. and symptoms of Schyzothyrium pomi. The fluctuation population of Anastrepha fraterculus was performed using McPhail trap with hydrolyzed protein. Among the treatments, only the fruits protected with perforated polypropylene differ significantly from the control on the evaluations of weight and Schyzothyrium pomi symptoms. However, there was no significant difference on the damage caused by caterpillars and presence of mealybugs. The use of perforated polypropylene has demonstrated efficiency on the control of Anastrepha fraterculus, and it can be used to reduce the damage in the fruits.

Gastro-intestinal phytobezoars in Zimbabwean Africans.

Science.gov (United States)

Stein, C M; Gelfand, M

1985-01-01

The clinical features of 10 African patients with gastro-intestinal phytobezoars are described. These were similar to those described with persimmon bezoars and we postulate that the fruit of locally found trees, also of the genus Diospyros, are responsible.

Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf, Louisiana, Project. Supplement II.

Science.gov (United States)

1984-04-01

Hlydrocotyl Persimmon Diospyros virginiana Picke relweed Pontederia cordata Rattlebox Daubentonia drummundii Rose au Phragmites australis Saltgrass Distichlis...menhaden, genus Brevoortia, with respect to salinity, in the upper drainage basin of Barataria Bay, Louisiana. M.S. Thesis. Louisiana State University

Preliminary investigations of the digestive processes of the white ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Asparagus africanus. Elitropappus rhinoceratus. Shrubs. Grewia robusta. Portulacaria afra. Diospyros dichrophyl/a. Rhigozum obovatum. Lycium campanulatum. Hypoesta verticil/ata. Rhus sp. Scutia myrtina. Fruits and seeds. May tenus capitata. Asparagus africanus. Grewia robusta. Acacia karoo. Scutia myrtina. Rhus sp.

Cultural Resources Intensive Survey and Testing of Mississippi River Levee Berms Crittenden and Desha Counties, Arkansas and Mississippi, Scott, Cape Girardeau and Pemiscot Counties Missouri. Item R-752 Lambethville; Crittenden County, Arkansas

Science.gov (United States)

1984-05-01

occidentalis) and persimmon ( Diospyros virginianna) occupied better drained immature alluvial soils. Soil development on bottomland sites favored...15 genera of ungulates and various giant rodents and car- nivores north of Mexico. Maps presented by Simpson (1945) indicate that the genus Tapirus

Cultural Resources Intensive Survey and Testing of Mississippi River Levee Berms, Crittenden and Desha Counties, Arkansas and Mississippi, Scott, Cape Girardeau and Pemiscot Counties, Missouri Item R-618 Knowlton; Desha County, Arkansas.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-11-01

spp_), maples, hackberry (Celtis laevigata), hickories, sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) and persimmon ( Diospyros virginianna) occupied better drained...of Mexico. Surely many of these were forest denizens and occurred in the study area. Maps presented by Simpson (1945) indicate that the genus Tapirus

Preliminary investigations of the digestive processes of the white ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Portulacaria afra. Diospyros dichrophyl/a. Rhigozum obovatum. Lycium campanulatum. Hypoesta verticil/ata. Rhus sp. Scutia myrtina. Fruits and seeds. May tenus capitata. Asparagus africanus. Grewia robusta. Acacia karoo. Scutia myrtina. Rhus sp. Insects. Tenebrionid beetles. Tenebrio molitor. Mimorista pulchel/alis.

Little Blue Prehistory: Archaeological Investigations at Blue Springs and Longview Lakes, Jackson County, Missouri. Volume 1

Science.gov (United States)

1989-01-01

areas included sumac and poison ivy, persimmon ( Diospyros virginiana), red cedar (Juniperus virgin- iana), knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), lambs...of this genus is available from mid to late fall, which may indicate occupation of Acorn Shelter during this season. The possibility of storage and

Effect of the extract of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. cv. ‘Rama Forte’and rosemary oily extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L. on the sensory characteristics and color stability of frozen beef burgersEfeito de extratos de caqui (Diospyros kaki L. cultivar Rama Forte e do extrato oleoso de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis L. nas características sensoriais e na estabilidade da cor de hambúrguer de carne bovina congelado

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Leadir Lucy Martins Fries

2012-06-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the extract of persimmon cv. ‘Rama Forte’ and rosemary oily extract on the sensory characteristics and color stability of frozen beef burgers. The crude hydroethanolic extract was prepared and subjected to fractionation resulting in the hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions as well as residual fraction. For the preparation of the burger samples a basic formulation was prepared and divided into parts: control, standard formulation ( 0.1% of sodium erythorbate, treatment 1 (0.5% of hydroethanolic crude extract, treatment 2 (0.7% of hydroethanolic crude extract, treatment 3 (0.5% of the residual fraction, treatment 4 (0.7% of the residual fraction , treatment 5 ( 0.5% of ethyl acetate fraction, Treatment 6 (0.7% of ethyl acetate fraction and treatment 7 (0.10% of oily extract of rosemary. The beef burger samples were stored at-25° C for 14 months and subjected to sensory analysis (color, aroma, flavor, and texture at the beginning of the experiment and the measurement of color (parameters L a*, b* and h* every two months. The addition of the extracts did not promote changes in the sensory attributes of the beef burgers at time zero of storage. A tendency to decrease a* values and increase of the h* values of the samples of frozen beef burgers occurred over the period of storage. Samples added with ethyl acetate fraction (0.5 and 0.7% and the oily extract of rosemary showed higher a* values than the other samples throughout the storage period and lower h* values than the standard sample at the end of the period evaluated. This indicates that the addition of ethyl acetate fraction and rosemary extract contributed to the retention and stability of the red color of the samples of beef burgers during the storage of the frozen product.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de extratos de caqui cv. Rama Forte e do extrato oleoso de alecrim sobre as características sensoriais e a estabilidade da cor de hambúrguer de carne bovina congelado. Para tanto foi elaborado o extrato hidroetanólico bruto que foi fracionado obtendo-se a fração hexânica, clorofórmica, de acetato de etila e a fração residual. Para o preparo das amostras de hambúrguer foi elaborada uma formulação básica que foi dividida em partes: controle, padrão (formulação adicionada de 0,1% de eritorbato de sódio, tratamento 1 (0,5% de extrato hidroetanólico bruto, tratamento 2 (0,7% de extrato hidroetanólico bruto, tratamento 3 (0,5% da fração residual, tratamento 4 (0,7% da fração residual, tratamento 5 (0,5% da fração acetato de etila, tratamento 6 (0,7% da fração acetato de etila e tratamento 7 (0,10% de extrato oleoso de alecrim. As amostras de hambúrguer foram armazenadas a –25 ºC por 14 meses e submetidas a análise sensorial (cor, aroma, sabor e textura no início do experimento e a determinação da cor (L*, a*, b* e h* a cada 2 meses. A adição dos extratos não promoveu alteração dos atributos sensoriais do hambúrguer bovino no tempo zero de armazenamento. Ocorreu tendência de diminuição dos valores de a* e aumento dos valores de h* das amostras de hambúrguer congeladas ao longo do período de armazenamento. As amostras adicionadas da fração acetato de etila (0,5 e 0,7% e do extrato oleoso de alecrim apresentaram maiores valores de a* que as demais amostras ao longo do período de armazenamento e menores valores de h* que a amostra padrão, no final do período avaliado, indicando que a adição da fração acetato de etila e do extrato de alecrim contribuiram na retenção e estabilidade da cor vermelha das amostras de hambúrguer de carne bovina durante o período de armazenamento do produto congelado.

Food preferences of captive wild raccoons, Procyon lotor, from east Texas

Science.gov (United States)

James F. Taulman; James H. Williamson

1994-01-01

We offered a random assortment of six foods to nine captive raccoons (Procyon lotor) during 10 days in February 1991 and to 10 raccoons during 9 days in January 1992; persimmon (Diospyros virginianus); southern red oak acorn (Quercus falacata); chicken egg; crayfish (Cambarus bartoni);...

The F. L. Brinkley Midden (22Ts729): Archaeological Investigations in the Yellow Creek Watershed, Tishomingo County, Mississippi.

Science.gov (United States)

1982-08-01

easily preserved by drying, and are common on other contemporary archaeological sites. One persimmon seed ( Diospyros virginina) was recovered from...particularly of Carya sp., in the large basin shaped features, and the high frequency of this genus with respect to wood, suggest that these shells

Cultural Resources Investigations in the Vicinity of Fort Jackson, Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana: The Proposed Solari Borrow Area

Science.gov (United States)

1989-08-01

tory of flora. Trees such as Virginia live oak (Quercus virginiana), black willow (Salix nigra), hackberry (Celtislaevi- gata), and persimmon ( Diospyros ...bullfrog, is a human food source today and may have been prehistorically as well. The toad, however, of the genus Bufo is not normally consumed

Archeological Survey of Undeveloped Portions of Eaker Air Force Base, Mississippi County, Arkansas

Science.gov (United States)

1991-01-25

Swamp (Quercus bicolor) T I White (Quercus alba)11 Pecan ( Carya illinoensis ) Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) T 2 2 Plum (Prunus sp.) T Red Haw...Celtus occidentalis) 12 9 Hickory, ( Carya sp.) 5 4 Sheilbark ( Carya laciniosa) T Hornbeamn (Ostrya virginiana) 2 Kentucky Coffee Tree(Gymnocladus dioica

Phenology of woody plants in riverine thicket and its impact on ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The study area was located in the central Free State Grassland biome, but the vegetation partially represented riparian thicket. Leaf carriage patterns of deciduous species were determined from September 2004 to August 2008. Similarities existed between Acacia karroo and Diospyros lycioides – mature leaves were ...

PHYSIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF FOREST SEEDS REGARDING THE DESICCATION TOLERANCE AND STORAGE BEHAVIOUR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafaella Carvalho Mayrinck

2016-03-01

Full Text Available This work aims to classify forest seeds native to the Alto Rio Grande region regarding the desiccation tolerance and storage behaviour. Germination and water content tests were performed in seeds of different species. The tests were conducted immediately after seed processing, at 12% and 5% of water content, and at 5% after 3 months of storage in -18°C. Based on the results obtained, seeds were classified into recalcitrant, intermediate and orthodox class. Seeds of Brosimum gaudichaudii, Erythroxylum deciduum, Eugenia pleurantha, Myrcia venulosa, Nectandra megapotamica were classified as recalcitrant (22.7% of all species. Seeds of Aegiphila sellowiana, Aspidosperma parvifolium, Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Casearia lasiophylla, Cassia occidentalis, Dalbergia miscolobium, Diospyros brasiliensis, Diospyros hispida, Ilex brevicuspis, Ilex cerasifolia, Myrocarpus fastigiatus, Senna aversiflora, Senna splendida e Blepharocalyx salicifolius were classified as intermediate (59.1% of all species. Seeds of Miconia albicans, Platycyamus regnellii, Styrax camporum and Piptadenia gonoacantha were classified as orthodox (18.2% of all species.

Integrasi Quality Function Deployment (QFD dan Conjoint Analysis untuk Mengetahui Preferensi Konsumen

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Desrina Yusi Irawati

2016-04-01

Berdasarkan hasil perceived value, perusahaan dapat memperkirakan harga penambahan 1 laci berkisar Rp.1 - Rp.500.000, penambahan 2 laci adalah Rp. 800.000 – Rp. 900.000, penambahan tumpuan kaki Rp. 50.000 – Rp. 150.000, dan penambahan fitur pendukung Rp. 150.000-Rp. 250.000. Kata kunci: Quality Function Deployment (QFD, conjoint analysis, segmentasi, dan perceived value

A Cultural Resources Inventory of the Pearl River Basin, Louisiana and Mississippi. Volume I.

Science.gov (United States)

1982-04-01

UNCLASSIFIED APR 82 18 MOORE OACW01 81 C 0066 24 fllllllffffff sp.), acorn (Quercus sp.), persimmon ( Diospyros virginiana), wild bean, knotweed (Cutler and...Figs, Grape Vines, Plumbs, etc.; of the last mentioned genus , there is a native species grows in this island, which produces its large oblong crimson

The Midden Mound Project. Report of Investigations Number 6

Science.gov (United States)

1987-01-01

weighed on an O’haus triple-beam balance. The wood was identified to the genus level by comparison to speciuens in the comparative collection at Auburn...daminated (99.2%) by hickory nutshell fragments, but also contained a grape seed, a persinnon fragment ( Diospyros virginiana), and hardwood fragments. 212 0

2682-IJBCS-Article-Serge Samandoulougou

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

poultry-science-lines-of-xNA.html. Moula N, Antoine-Moussiaux N, Ait Kaki A,. Farnir F, Leroy P. 2012. Comparaison de la qualité des œufs de la race de poule locale Kabyle et de son croisement avec la souche industrielle. Isa-Brown. 10ème Journées des Sciences. Vétérinaires : ENSV, Alger, Algérie. Mourad M, Bah AS, ...

A Cultural Resources Survey of Steele, New Franklin, and Main Ditches, and National Register of Historic Places Significance Testing of Sites 2PM574, 575, 577, and 23PM578, Pemiscot County Missouri

Science.gov (United States)

1990-07-15

White (Quercus alba) 1 1 Pecan ( Carya illinoensis ) 1 1 Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) T 2 2 Plum (Prunus sp.) T Red Haw (Crataegus sp.) T 1 11 Red... Carya sp.) 5 4 Shellbark (Car.ya laciniosa) T Hornbeam ( Ostrya virgin/iana) 2 Kentucky Coffee Tree(Gymnocladus dioica)T "Locust, ? T Black (Robinia

Electron Microscopy Observation of Biomineralization within Wood Tissues of Kurogaki

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Kazue Tazaki

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Interactions between minerals and microorganisms play a crucial role in living wood tissues. However, living wood tissues have never been studied in the field. Fortunately, we found several kurogaki (black persimmon; Diospyros kaki trees at Tawara in Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan. Here, we report the characterization of kurogaki based on scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, associated with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS analyses, X-ray fluorescence analyses (XRF and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD analyses. This study aims to illustrate the ability of various microorganisms associated with biominerals within wood tissues of kurogaki, as shown by SEM-EDS elemental content maps and TEM images. Kurogaki grows very slowly and has extremely hard wood, known for its striking black and beige coloration, referred to as a “peacock pattern”. However, the scientific data for kurogaki are very limited. The black “peacock pattern” of the wood mainly comprises cellulose and high levels of crystal cristobalite. As per the XRD results, the black taproot contains mineralized 7 Å clays (kaolinite, cellulose, apatite and cristobalite associated with many microorganisms. The chemical compositions of the black and beige portions of the black persimmon tree were obtained by ICP-MS analyses. Particular elements such as abundant Ca, Mg, K, P, Mn, Ba, S, Cl, Fe, Na, and Al were concentrated in the black region, associated with Pb and Sr elements. SEM-EDS semi-qualitative analyses of kurogaki indicated an abundance of P and Ca in microorganisms in the black region, associated with Pb, Sr, S, Mn, and Mg elements. On the other hand, XRF and XRD mineralogical data showed that fresh andesite, weathered andesite, and the soils around the roots of kurogaki correlate with biomineralization of the black region in kurogaki roots, showing clay minerals (kaolinite and

Strategi Bertahan Hidup Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL

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Muhammad Hayat

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Indonesian development policy which tends to focus on the growth model has implied on the high concentration of city development. Cities, in fact, fially become spaces where city dwellers and city new comers tightly complete each other to grab the available capital. The qualifid new comers who possess good competence are able to survive in the city. Those people will be able to enjoy the delicious economic cakes which are abundantly scattered. However, the incompetent new comers may only taste the remnants of the economic cake. That is the most rational choice for the incompetent. According to Max Weber, this phenomenon shows an instrumental social action. It means that the measurement ofprofi and loss has been the most important part of their actions. Indeed, most of the new comers do not have special competence. They only depend on their physical strength in order to survive. In Karl Marx’s terminology, an individual who does not possess an ability to control the production factors (for example: natural resources, human resources, capital will only depend on their body (physical strength in order to survive. Therefore the informal sectors become the most rational choice. Hence street vendors, construction workers, parking attendants and other informal jobs have been the common views in the cities. This paper is trying to portray one of the informal sectors in the cities namely street vendors. Their survival strategy in the competitive city life is a point of view which is being explained and focused in this paper.

Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 4

OpenAIRE

Galasso,Gabriele; Domina,Gianniantonio; Bonari,Gianmaria; Buono,Sergio; Chianese,Giuseppina; Cortesi,Gloria; Cortesi,Gloria; Iamonico,Duilio; Olivieri,Nicola; Peruzzi,Lorenzo; Pierini,Brunello; Roma-Marzio,Francesco; Scoppola,Anna; Soldano,Adriano; Stinca,Adriano

2017-01-01

In this contribution, new data concerning the Italian distribution of alien vascular flora are presented. It includes new records and exclusions for Italy or for Italian administrative regions of taxa in the genera Cedrus, Cenchrus, Citrus, Cyrtomium, Diospyros, Elaeagnus, Erigeron, Iris, Oenothera, Pavonia, Phytolacca, Styphnolobium, and Verbena. Furthermore, a new combination in the genus Amaranthus is proposed.

A Regional Guidebook for Conducting Functional Assessments of Wetland and Riparian Forests in the Ouachita Mountains and Crowley’s Ridge Regions of Arkansas

Science.gov (United States)

2006-12-01

Liquidambar styraciflua Gleditsia triacanthos Quercus alba Pinus taeda Juniperus virginiana Quercus pagoda Quercus nigra Prunus serotina Quercus phellos...maple, sugarberry (Celtis laevigata), American elm (Ulmus americana), and persimmon (Diospyros virginiana ). Wetlands of higher terraces typically are...hazels (Hamamelis virginiana , H. vernalis), and highbush blueberry (Vaccinium arboreum). The groundcover layer is usually very diverse and may include

Species of Concern (SOC) on Department of Defense Installations

Science.gov (United States)

2002-07-15

ARISTIDA STRICTA; DRY, UPLAND FLAT, FILTERED LIGHT; WITH BAPTISIA CINEREA, VIOLA PEDATA, DALEA PINNATA.* SUBPOP A=PINE/SCRUB OAK SANDHILL; FEW SCATTERED...DIOSPYROS VIRG., GAYLUSSACIA DUMOSA, EPIGAEA REPENS, ANDROPOGON SP., BAPTISIA TINCT., TEPHROSIA VIRG., VACCINIUM CRASS., LESPEDEZA SP., DALEA PINNATA...ADENOCAULON BICOLOR , PHACELIA NEMORALIS, CAREX HENDERSONII. CIRSIUM VULGARE COMMON WHERE DISTURBED.* Cedar-hemlock forest on lower slopes of logged

2377-IJBCS-Article-Alexandre Dansi

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

gros et lourds, rendements supérieurs à 2 tonnes à l'hectare) comme Catché godonou, Ewaoloy, Gbolékpomin,. Kaki et Yanbodo qu'on peut utiliser dans les programmes de sélection. ... 1051. En raison de sa forte teneur en protéines (19 à 25%), en carbohydrates et en éléments minéraux, le niébé joue un rôle important ...

Preimpoundment Water Quality Study

Science.gov (United States)

1981-12-01

American Elm U. americana Americrn Holly Ilex opaca Persirmnr~ Diospyros virginiana Tulip Rbplar Liriodexniron tul-ipifera Basswoo Tilia americana...Brown Company, Dubuque, Iowa. 977 pp. Roback, S.S. 1963. The genus Xenochironomus (Diptera: Tendipedidae) Kieffer, taxonomy and immature stages...Transactions of the American Entomological Society 88:235-245. Roback, S.S. 1969. The immature stages of the genus Tanypus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae

Environmental Assessment. Construction and Maintenance of Wastewater Pipelines and Lift Stations and Installation of Fiber Optic Conduit at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-01

The wetland on the unnamed tributary of Garnier Creek, upstream of the point of crossing, contains a single individual of the genus Platanthera...Woods And  Maintained ROW  X  X  X  Diospyros  virginiana  Persimmon  Mixed Pine‐Hardwood Forest,  Usually With Longleaf Pine  X  X  X  Eleocharis obtusa

Environmental Impact Research Program. Eastern Gray Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). Section 4.7.1, US Army Corps of Engineers Wildlife Resources Management Manual.

Science.gov (United States)

1986-07-01

Palmetto Sabal spp. Pawpaw Asimina triloba Pecan Carya illinoensis Persimmon Diospyros virginiana Pine Pinus app. Loblolly pine P. taeda Red mulberry...grandifotia Bitter pecan Carya aquatica Blackberry Rubus app. Black cherry Prunus serotina Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica Black walnut Jugtans nigra Blueberry...americana Hickory Carya Spp. Bitternut hickory C. cordiformis Shagbark hickory C. ovata Shellbark hickory C. Zaciniosa Hophornbeam Ostrya virginiana

Author Details

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ballet, J. Vol 5, No 2 (2010) - Articles L'exportation de bois précieux (Dalbergia et Diospyros) « illégaux » de Madagascar : 2009 et après ? Abstract PDF. ISSN: 1662-2510. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors · FAQ's · More about AJOL · AJOL's Partners · Terms ...

Environmental and Water Quality Operational Studies. Reservoir Shoreline Revegetation Guidelines.

Science.gov (United States)

1986-11-01

24. Taller trees such as green ash, cottonwood (Populus spp.), red maple (Acer rubrum), and persimmon (Diospyros virginiana ) should be planted in...be left aboveground to prevent moisture loss due to wicking. Any excess should be pruned off. Gray and Leiser (1982) provide the following... pruning , staking woody stems, and installing fencing around individual plants or the entire site to provide protection from animals or humans. Additional

JENIS JAMUR DAN LALAT YANG DITEMUKAN PADA MAKANAN JAJANAN DARI PASAR DAN WARUNG DI JAKARTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nunik St. Aminah

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Hasil penelitian terhadap makanan jajanan yang dijual di pasar dan warung, banyak yang tidak memenuhai syarat kesehatan, dan tercemar oleh bakteri serta jamur tertentu. Penelitian tentang bakteri yang mencemari makanan  jajanan seperti Entamoeba coli, Staphylococcus dan Salmonella telah banyak diketahui, tetapi mengenai data jenis jamur yang mencemari makanan jajanan belum banyak diketahui. Kontaminasi tersebut disebabkan cara penanganan, sanitasi yang kurang bersih, pembungkus makanan jajanan, tempat menjajakan makanan jajanan dan lokasi menjual makanan jajanan tersebut sebaiknya jauh dari tempat pembuangan sampah. Tempat pembuangan sampah sering ditemukan lalat seperti lalat rumah (Musca domestica, Chysomia megacephala, C. safferanea dan Sarcophaga sp. Hampir semua kue basah maupun kue kering yang dijual di pasar tradisional maupun di warung umumnya tercemar oleh khamir. Kue-kue tersebut yang dijual di pasar lebih banyak tercemar khamir dibandingkan yang dijual di warung. Hal ini kemungkinan kue yang dijual di warung penanganannya lebih baik dari pada yang dijual di pasar. Begitu juga mutu kue yang dijual di pasar biasanya lebih cepat rusak. Kerusakan kue tersebut disebabkan antara lain karena tercemar spora jamur yang terbawa oleh debu maupun oleh lalat yang terkontaminasi jamur/bakteri pada kaki-kaki lalat tersebut,  yang hinggap pada makanan jajanan. Sehingga jenis-jenis jamur yang terdapat di tempat sampah, udara dan tanah dapat mencemari makanan jajanan yang dijual di pasar maupun di warung.

Permasalahan Lokasi Pedagang Kaki Lima dalam Ruang Perkotaan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Retno Widjajanti

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Urban development is inseparable from the problem of the urban informal. The informal sector is a sector that will always grow and thrive. Various issues that arise in urban development is the problem of the location of the activity space street vendors (PKL in the urban space. The problem of space activity occurs in the informal street vendors space settlements or urban space. PKL is one of the supporters of the activity in a public space that can be categorized as an 'activity support'. These activities tend to be located in a place according to its activity. Meanwhile, there is little discussion of urban street vendors in view space. Until now, the discussion is more to the economic, social and policy. In addition, many of the types of activities studied, space requirements, physical arrangement and the arrangement of the display / architectural aesthetics. The methodology used in conducting the study concerns the location of street vendors in the urban space using the method of literature revie. Given this method, can identify deficiencies / weaknesses of the informal sector theory and the theory of space to determine the location of street vendors in urban spaces. The conclusion of this research is to study the behavior of PKL space that affect the determination of the location of trade.Abstract : Urban development is inseparable from the problem of the urban informal. The informal sector is a sector that will always grow and thrive. Various issues that arise in urban development is the problem of the location of the activity space street vendors (PKL in the urban space. The problem of space activity occurs in the informal street vendors space settlements or urban space. PKL is one of the supporters of the activity in a public space that can be categorized as an 'activity support'. These activities tend to be located in a place according to its activity. Meanwhile, there is little discussion of urban street vendors in view space. Until now, the discussion is more to the economic, social and policy. In addition, many of the types of activities studied, space requirements, physical arrangement and the arrangement of the display / architectural aesthetics. The methodology used in conducting the study concerns the location of street vendors in the urban space using the method of literature revie. Given this method, can identify deficiencies / weaknesses of the informal sector theory and the theory of space to determine the location of street vendors in urban spaces. The conclusion of this research is to study the behavior of PKL space that affect the determination of the location of trade.

Pembuatan lem sintetik dan aplikasinya pada alas kaki

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Arum Yuniari

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Footwear can be categorized as one of labour intensive and very superior export commodities, consequently the product quality must be maintained and be continually improved. The quality parameter of footwear is determined by the bonding strength between the uppers and the soles, it means that it depends on the adhesive applied. Soling system is widely applied in small and medium industries are cemented system used synthetic adhesive. Now, the adhesive was applied in the manufacturing of foot wear supported by binding of the soles and the uppers is easy to peel off because of the poor bonding strength. The aim of the research was to investigate a suitable synthetic adhesive formula to used in footwear manufacturing. In preparing of the adhesive formula, the effect of phenolic resin addition as tackifier were varies i.e 35, 45 and 55 phr using chloroprene rubber as raw material were observed. Synthetic adhesive compound was produce by two roll mill after that compound were dissolved in toluene with ratio 1 : 3. The prepared adhesive then was applied to manufacture footwear using cool press system. The soles used in the experiment were made of rubber and plastic material whereas the uppers made of either leather or artificial leather. The test result and data analysis showed that adhesive performed for the highest bonding strength as much as 1000 g/cm and decrease to lowest bonding strength after soaking in to water for 500 seconds one percent was obtained by the following formula that were : chloroprene rubber 100 phr, butylated hydroxyl toluene 2 phr, magnesium oxide 4 phr, zinc oxide 5 phr and phenolic resin 45 phr. The prepared formula performed a better bonding strength when it was compared with chloroperene rubber adhesive in market. The application of this prepared formula in making ladies shoes performed good bonding strength and accordance with the requierments of SNI 12-2942-1992 about Leather Pantopel Style Cemented System Ladies Shoes.

Analisis Pengaruh Bentuk Telapak Kaki Terhadap Kelelahan Fisik

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Herianto Herianto

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Physical activity over time can cause fatigue during exercise such as walking or light running. Physical fatigue effects on heart rate and blood pressure. Factors that can cause fatigue are gender, cardiovascular disease status, sport exercise habits, BMI (Body Mass Index and study activities during a week. Physical fatigue also could be caused by factors shape of your foot, especially the form of flat feet/pesplanus in type 1, 2or 3. Subjects of this research were students of Industrial Engineering Gadjah Mada University ages 19 to 23 years with the aim of sampling techniques to the criteria of having normal or flat feet. The subjects run normally using a tread mill with a speed of 4 miles per hour for 6 minutes. The variables measured were heart rate and blood pressure. Heart rate was measured in three sessions among others before, during and after the experiment using a heart rate monitor while blood pressure was measured before and after the experiment. There are significant differences in systolic blood pressure before and after the experimental on indicator of sex, heart rate after experimental on indicator of disease status and heart rate on indicator exercise habit for normal feet. Then in the form of pesplanus foot type 1, there are significant differences like systolic and diastolic blood pressure after experimental on indicator of BMI (Body Mass Index and systolic blood pressure on indicator of pre-experimental study activities during a week, in which a significant difference in respondents who did not have study activities of the respondents who went tocollegein6-10 hours. In the form of pesplanus foot type 2 there is a significant difference in heart rate when experimental on indicator of cardiovascular disease status.

PERBEDAAN VISUALISASI ATRIBUT DAN STRUKTUR TUBUH WAYANG KULIT PURWA PADA TOKOH ANTAREJA GAYA YOGYAKARTA DENGAN GAYA SURAKARTA

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Nanang Prisandy

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan perbedakan visualisasi atribut dan struktur tubuh pada tokoh Antareja Yogyakarta dengan Surakarta. Sumber data utamanya adalah wayang kulit Antareja Yogyakarta dan Surakarta. hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perbedakan atribut dan struktur tubuh (sanggul, jamang , sumping, garuda mungkur, dewala, ulur-ulur, kelat bahu, gelang tangan, praba, sabuk/paningset, pending , badong, kampuh, uncal wastra, uncal kencana, kunca, seluar terluar, seluar panjang, krocong, muka, mata, mulut, hidung, badan, tangan, kaki pada Antareja Yogyakarta dengan Antareja Surakarta.

PENGARUH SENAM KAKI DIABETES TERHADAP TINGKAT SENSITIVITAS KAKI DAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DI KELURAHAN BANYURADEN GAMPING SLEMAN

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Dedi Rusandi

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Background:High blood glucose level will lead to macrovascular complication that will subsequently causesneuropathy.Onemanagement technique that canprevent neuropathy in lowerpart extremity is bypracticingdiabetic foot exercises which can improveblood circulation.Objective:To investigatethe effect of diabetic foot exerciseonthe level of foot sensitivity and blood glucoselevel in people with diabetes mellitus inBanyuraden Gamping Sleman. Methods:Thiswas aquasi-experimental researchwithpre-and post-test controlled groups. This researchwasconducted inBanyuraden Gamping Sleman with 32 subjects as samples, 16 subjects were in theintervention group and the rest were in the control group. Researcher used foot exercise procedureinstrument; cotton, brush, and needle to measure the foot sensitivity;andglucometer to test the bloodglucose level.Data were then analysed with independent sample t-test. Result: The result showed that there was significant difference in the foot sensitivity between theintervention andthe control groups, p=0.010 (p<0.05, while the blood glucose level difference showed p-value 0.039 (p<0.05.Conclusion:Diabetic foot exercisehad a significant effect onthe level of foot sensitivity and blood glucoselevel in peoplewith diabetes mellitus inBanyuraden Gamping Sleman.

Rapid Methods for the Laboratory Identification of Pathogenic Microorganisms.

Science.gov (United States)

1981-09-01

activity will be reported elsewhere (Davidson, Doyle, Keller, in preparation). Partially purified Lens culinaris (commercial lentil), Diospyros In...Microbiol. 26:468-474. 2. Baird-Parker, A.C. 1974. Genus II. Staphylococcus Rosenbach 1884, 18 nom. - .* cons., p. 4 8 3- 4 8 9. In R.E. Buchanan...staphylococci from urinary tract isolates. 3. Clin. Microbiol. 8:435-437. 15. Kloos, W.E. 1980. Natural populations of the genus Stanhylococcus. Ann

Archaeological Investigations of the Little Cypress Bayou Site (3CT50) Crittenden County, Arkansas. Volume 2 - Appendices

Science.gov (United States)

1986-01-01

RESULTS OF ANALYSES The analyses resulted in the identification of some 37 plant genus or species. Table 111-1 presents a complete listing of the...scientific and common names for all identified specimens. Certain of the materials could not be identified to either the genus or species level; these are...Chenopodium sp. Chenopod Crataegus sp. Hawthorn Curcurbita sp. Pumpkin or Squash Diospyros virginiana Persimmon Fabaceae Bean Family Fraxinus pennsylvanica

Archaeological Salvage Excavations at the L.A. Strickland I Site (22Ts765), Tishomingo County, Mississippi.

Science.gov (United States)

1978-12-01

were identified to genus and when possible to species. These samples give an indication of the wood types present and their proportionate representation...in the features. Nutshells were sorted by genus and weighed. Seeds which retained their diagnostic characteristics were identified and counted. The...Vitis sp.), l persimmon ( Diospyros viiniana) and 1 round seed misiffng all diagnostic features. Feature 2. The sample from Feature 2 contained 55 grams

National Register Testing of 42 Prehistoric Archeological Sites on Fort Hood, Texas: The 1996 Season

Science.gov (United States)

1999-12-01

the mussel shells belong to the family Unionidae, but no attempt to identify genus or species was made. At least nine different genera of mussels...ornaments or tools. Four of the modified shells are identifiable to genus : two are cf. Lampsilis sp. (one from 41CV578 and one from 41CV1250), one is... Diospyros texana Eragrostis intermedia Eragrostis trichodes Erigeron tenuis Erioneuron pilosum Erodium texanum Euphorbia roemeriana Evax

The Kellogg Village Site Investigations, Clay County, Mississippi,

Science.gov (United States)

1980-09-01

Tables 13,14) also consisted ofa predominance of hickory followed by acorn and small quantities of black walnut (Juglans sp.) and persimmon ( Diospyros sp...comparisons were also made with modern seeds. Seeds were identified to genus level and counted. Nutshell frag- ments and nut kernel fragements were...also identified to genus and weighed. All unidentifiable seeds were counted and recorded. The tree genera represented by the wood charcoal were not

Impacts of Flooding Regime Modification on Wildlife Habitats of Bottomland Hardwood Forests in the Lower Mississippi Valley.

Science.gov (United States)

1981-10-01

Diospyros virginiana White ash Fraxinus americana Shingle oak Quercus imbricaria Pin oak 0 palustris (Continued) Able to survive deep, prolonged...Mississippi, and found little significant dif- ference in overall capture data. Natural stands almost exclusively sup- ported mice of the genus Peromyscus...frequent wetlands but are not restricted to them. k. Although the cottonmouth is common in wetlands, water snakes of the genus Nerodia are most important in

Archeological Testing Fort Hood: 1994-1995, Volume 1

Science.gov (United States)

1996-10-01

oak (Quercus fisiformis), Texas red oak (Q. texana), Texas ash (Fraxinus texana), Texas persimmon ( Diospyros texana), and cedar elm (Uimus crassifolia...limited (Olive 3.2 CULTURAL-HISTORICAL 1993). Faunal analysis identified 15 edible genus - FRAMEWORK 0 or species-level taxa at the rockshelters...Only 593 specimens (11%) (e.g., seeds) were not an important part of the diet were identified to genus and/or species, with Seeds are fairly rare in

Archaeological Investigation in the Gainesville Lake Area of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. Volume IV. Biocultural Studies in the Gainesville Lake Area.

Science.gov (United States)

1981-01-01

Many can be identified only as a tuber, berry, nutshell, etc., but cannot be identified to a particular genus or species. The statistics will be...were analyzed, and nutshells without diagnostic characteristics identifying them as to genus were placed in a taxon called "Juglandaceae." This was...occurring in 10 of 13 samples. Thirty carbonized seeds were also identified from samples from this subphase: 7 persimmon ( Diospyros virginiana), I pigweed

Regional Guidebook for Applying the Hydrogeomorphic Approach to Assessing the Functions of Headwater Slope Wetlands on the South Carolina Coastal Plain

Science.gov (United States)

2011-09-01

i.e., swamp bay) ( Persea borbonia) in the overstory or midstory ERDC/EL TR-11-11 20 (Monk 1966, Nelson 1986, Wharton et al. 1977, USACE 1988). In...biflora swamp tupelo Persea borbonia redbay Pinus glabra spruce pine Pinus taeda loblolly pine Quercus laurifolia laurel oak Quercus michauxii swamp... American elm Group 22 Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam 0.66 Celtis laevigata sugarberry Cornus foemina stiff dogwood Diospyros virginiana

Archaeological Salvage Excavations at the Tibbee Creek Site (22Lo600) Lowndes County, Mississippi.

Science.gov (United States)

1981-06-01

probably the mast- producing trees such as oaks, hickories and black walnut. Othe, plants of potential importance were the persimmon ( Diospyros ...sample of 20 fragments was drawn and identified to genus . The poor preservation of the wood made this process generally difficult, and in a number of... genus , weighed and counted. It should be noted, that the very high counts of hickory shell (Carya sp.) relative to their weight it a product of

Bug Hill: Excavation of a Multicomponent Midden Mound in the Jackfork Valley, Pushmataha County, Southeast Oklahoma.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-11-25

sheriodal mass with a singular aperature (Figure 59). Often a fragment of fungal hyphi is attached to this aperature. The genus -form Endogone is most...Occupational Surface III (Table 32). The remains are probably from Diospyros virginiana, though Steyermark (1977) states that D. pubescens also occurs in...and measure 2.5 mm. There are several members of this genus with trigo- . nous achene shapes, and they occur in a variety of habitats such as wet

Biological Assessment of the Effects of Military Associated Activities on Endangered Species at Fort Hood, Texas

Science.gov (United States)

1992-12-01

monographing the genus Croton. Dr. Joe Allen Farmer published a dissertation on the species in 1962. Studies on the Fort Hood population have begun under...Woodhouse, S.W., "Descriptions of New Species of the Genus Vireo, VieilL, and Zonorrichia, Swains," Proceeding of the Academy of Natural Sciences of...sinuata Skunkbush Saumac Rhus aroma tica Texas Oak Quercus texazza Texas Persimmon, Diospyros texana Texas Ashe Fraxinus texensis Virginia Creeper Paz

Operation and Maintenance Pools 24, 25, and 26 Mississippi and Illinois Rivers.

Science.gov (United States)

1975-09-01

eight species, plus eight additional taxa identi- fied to genus only, were collected from these seven sites. Only eight species occurred at three or...occidentalis) 2 3 Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) 2 2 Northern red oak (Quercus rubra) 2 0 Persimmon ( Diospyros virginiana) 1 3 River birch (Betula nigra) 1 2...turtles, red-eared turtles, and map turtles were commonly observed in wetland areas. Four species of water snakes ( Genus Natrix) frequently utilized

Cultural Resources Survey and Testing Along Ditch 19 and Extensive Testing of 23DU289, Dunklin and Stoddard Counties, Missouri.

Science.gov (United States)

1988-06-30

Carya illinoensis ) 1 1 Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) T 2 2 Pl.um (Prunus sp.) T Red Haw (Crataegus sp.) T 1 11 Red Mulberry (Morus rubra) T...2 Cherry (Prunus sp.) T Cottonwood (Populus sp.) 1 3 Dogwood (Cornus sp.) 1 Hackberry (Celtus occidentalis) 12 9 Hickory, ( Carya sp.) 5 4 Shellhark... Carya laciniosa) T Hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana) 2 Kentucky Coffee Tree( Gymnoeladus dioica)T Locust, T Black (Robinia pseudo-acacia) T Honey

The 1997 Excavations at the Big Eddy Site (23CE426) in Southwest Missouri

Science.gov (United States)

1998-11-24

Quercus spp. (red oak group) 3 12.5 Quercus spp. (indeterminate) 4 16.7 3 15.8 Carya spp. (true hickory) 9 37.5 6 31.6 Diospyros virginiana (persimmon...specimens identified to Carya spp., 89 comprise fragments of relatively thick-shelled hickory nuts such as shagbark hickory (C. ovata), mockernut hickory...relatively thin-shelled nuts, and several are from pecans (C. illinoensis ). Although not docu- mented as being present in Cedar County by Stey

Antimicrobial activity of Diospyros melanoxylon bark from Similipal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2009-05-04

May 4, 2009 ... Phytomedicines have been an integral part of traditional .... inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of D. melanoxylon bark extracts on bacterial strains. S. aureusa. S. epidermidisa. B. licheniformisa. E. colia ... wrappers in the bidi (cigarette) industry (Mallavadhani et.

Antimicrobial activity of Diospyros melanoxylon bark from Similipal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2009-05-04

May 4, 2009 ... However, very limited studies on medicinal plants in general and antimicrobial ..... Recio MC (1989). A review of some antimicrobial compounds isolated ... Rwandese medicinal plants for antimicrobial and antiviral properties.

Exogenous application of natural extracts of persimmon (Diospyros ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SAM

2014-05-28

May 28, 2014 ... maintaining the quality characteristics of dried persimmon. Different treatments ... than the same diet fortified with dry persimmon pulp. The health-derived ... natural extracts to eliminate potential health hazards of sulfur.

INTERVENSI ERGONOMI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SAINS MENGURANGI KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL SISWA SD 1 SANGSIT KECAMATAN SAWAN KABUPATEN BULELENG

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Nyoman Wijana

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan intervensi ergonomi dalam pembelajaran sains untuk menurunkan keluhan muskuloskeletal siswa SD. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan randomized pre-test and post-test control group design. Pada kelompok kontrol pembelajarannya dengan cara konvensional (tanpa intervensi ergonomi dan kelompok eksperimen dengan intervensi ergonomi. Intervensi ergonomi dalam pembelajaran sains mengacu pada pendekatan ergonomi (PE yakni gabungan antara SHIP dan TTG. Implementasi dari hal ini adalah melakukan perbaikan dan atau penataan terhadap instrumental input, environmental input dan porcess, sedangkan untuk di kelompok kontrol tidak dilakukan intervensi ergonomi, di mana kondisi instrumental input, environmental input dan process berlangsung secara konvensional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara random. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dengan taraf signifikansi 5 %. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah (1 intervensi ergonomi dapat menurunkan keluhan muskuloskeletal siswa SD  (p < 0,05; (2 Hasil pengukuran dengan nordic body map pada kelompok kontrol terjadi keluhan pada otot pinggang (86,1%, otot pantat (86,1%, otot punggung (84,8%, otot lengan atas kiri (78,8%, otot lengan atas kanan (67,9%, otot siku kanan (78,2%, otot siku kiri (74,6%, paha kanan (76,9%, paha kiri (75,7%, otot betis kanan  (66,1%, otot betis kiri (64,2%, otot pergelangan kaki kanan (67,3%, dan otot pergelangan kaki kiri (65,5%. Dengan demikian dapat disarankan bahwa intervensi ergonomi dalam pembelajaran dengan menggunakan PE sebaiknya diterapkan dalam pembelajaran sains di SD karena telah terbukti dapat menurunkan keluhan muskuloskeletal.[MEDICINA 2009;40:11-20].  

Determination of Br, Rb, Cs, Sc and Na in various plant leaves located in an urban park by neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iqbal, M.Z.; Qadir, M.A.

1990-01-01

Br, Rb, Cs, Sc and Na concentrations were determined in different plant species from an urban park at Lahore, Pakistan to determine the effect of airborne emission on roadside ecosystem. Attention was paid to the leaves of Sapindus mukorossis, Alstonia scholaris and Diospyros embryopteris. Different varieties of tissues were found to have different concentration of trace elements when compared with each other. The concentration of trace element deposition was compared with the values reported in literature. Significant pollution was observed. (author) 5 refs.; 1 fig.; 1 tab

Above ground perennial plant biomass across an altitudinal and land-use gradient in Namaqualand, South Africa

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Anderson, PML

2010-08-01

Full Text Available palatable and highly palatable species was determined. A paired Wilcoxon sign-rank test was used to test for sig- nificant differences in the grazing scores. Didelta spinosa (L.f.) Aiton Dimorphotheca cuneata (Thunb.) Less. Diospyros glabra (L.) De...-normal and the Kruskal–Wallis test Qwas used to test 239for significant differences. A paired Wilcoxon sign-ranks test 240was used to test for significant differences in total biomass and 241biomass graded according to palatability on either side of the 242fence (Zar...

PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA (PKL) SEBAGAI BIBIT ENTREPRENEUR DALAM MENGATASI PENGANGGURAN

OpenAIRE

Bagyo Handoko

2010-01-01

ABSTRACTStreet Trader in general is consisted of one and or some labours. This thing at the same time can lessen unemployment to remember its absorbent labour. Having beginning of business that is simple in fact they are entrepreneurs seeds that is later can implement its more business kondusif. Legal capital owned is relative smallness, and divided to fixed capital, in the form of equipments, and circulating capital. Very rare fund fulfilled from opening finance companies; usually gets fund ...

PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA (PKL SEBAGAI BIBIT ENTREPRENEUR DALAM MENGATASI PENGANGGURAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bagyo Handoko

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Street Trader in general is consisted of one and or some labours. This thing at the same time can lessen unemployment to remember its absorbent labour. Having beginning of business that is simple in fact they are entrepreneurs seeds that is later can implement its more business conducive. Legal capital owned is relative smallness, and divided to fixed capital, in the form of equipments, and circulating capital. Very rare fund fulfilled from opening finance companies; usually gets fund or loan from institute or individual of who without ceremony, or stems from supplier which supplayer its merchandise. The low of basic yield street trader and way of management of very simple mony; so possibility to perform very small capital investment and also business expansion. In general this street trader labor included in category which majority stays in main job activity age (prime-age. In enablenes street trader, each government city has different policy one another.

Evaluation of Railway Level Crossing Attributes on Accident Causation in Lagos, Nigeria.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adeolu O Dina

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract The study examines the contribution of Railway Level Crossing (RLCphysical attributes to accident occurrence using the12 major level crossings within the Lagos metropolis. The 48km single track mainline section under consideration which barely make up 1.1% of the entire narrow gauge track network of the country within a 5 year period contributed about 45% of the total National crossing accidents recorded in Nigeria. The method of investigation involved recording the individual attributes of each RLC such asgates, pedestrian traffic, car traffic light, proximity of signage to crossing, vehicular traffic as dummy variables.The regression analysis  was used to measure their effect on accidents.The result indicates gates, pedestrians and the location of signage had significant impact on accidents occurrence at level crossings within Lagos metropolis. Based on the findings, enhancement of active warning systems among other recommendations was suggested as potent counter measures for RLC accident reduction. Abstrak Penelitian menguji tingkat kontribusi atribut fisik dari perlintasan jalan kereta api terhadap kejadian kecelakaan menggunakan 12 perlintasan utama dalam kota metropolis Lagos. 48 km jalan utama tunggal menjadi pertimbangan yang hampir meningkat 1.1% dari seluruh trek sempit jaringan negara dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun menyumbang sekitar 45% dari total kecelakaan perlintasan secara Nasional di Nigeria. Metode penelitian melibatkan catatan dari masing-masing atribut RLC seperti pintu gerbang, pejalan kaki, lampu lalu lintas mobil, kedekatan tanda penyebarangan, lalu lintas kendaraan sebagai variabel dumi. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh dari atribut terhadap kecelakaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan pintu gerbang, pejalan kaki, dan lokasi tanda perlintasan mempunyai dampak signifikan pada kecelakaan dalam kota metropolis Lagos.Berdasarkan penemuan tersebut, perbaikan dari sistem peringatan aktif disarankan sebagai upaya

Analisis Migrasi Radio Trunking Analog ke Radio Trunking Digital di Indonesia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riza Azmi

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Dalam Tabel Alokasi Spektrum Frekuensi di Indonesia pada catatan kaki INS9 dan INS13 disebutkan bahwa alokasi pada pita-pita frekuensi yang digunakan untuk teknologi trunking direncanakan dimigrasi ke sistem komunikasi trunking digital pada waktu yang akan ditentukan oleh pemerintah. Terkait dengan hal itu, studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana kelayakan migrasi dari sistem trunking analog ke sistem trunking digital dan hal-hal yang terkait dengannya. Dengan menggunakan analisis biaya dan manfaat (Cost-Benefit Analysis studi ini melihat bahwa migrasi hanya dapat dilakukan jika umur masing-masing lisensi dari operator telah berakhir, atau dengan kata lain pemerintah dapat mendorong transisi ke digital dengan menerbitkan lisensi baru yaitu lisensi trunking digital.

Pododermatitis in captive-reared black stilts (Himantopus novaezelandiae).

Science.gov (United States)

Reissig, Elizabeth Chang; Tompkins, Daniel M; Maloney, Richard F; Sancha, Emily; Wharton, David A

2011-09-01

A potential cause of pododermatitis ("bumblefoot") was investigated in captive-reared juvenile black stilts at the Department of Conservation "Kaki Recovery Program" at Twizel, New Zealand. To address the importance of substrate, the development of clinical signs in individuals was compared among aviaries that contained rubber matting and/or salt footbaths, and controls. No effect of either experimental manipulation of the environment was apparent on pododermatitis development. With the substrate appearing not to be an initiating factor, and a previous study that indicated that the birds' diet fulfills the nutritional requirements for rearing black stilts in captivity, results of this study suggest that insufficient space for exercise may instead be the cause.

Teknik Penanaman Eboni (Diospyros Celebica Bakh.) Di Daerah Agak Kering

OpenAIRE

Hendromono, Hendromono

2008-01-01

Pohon eboni sebagai penghasil kayu mewah merupakan jenis yang hanya tumbuh alami di Sulawesi. Harga kayu eboni yang mahal mengakibatkan pohonnya dieksploitasi secara berlebihan dihabitat alarnnya. Untuk mencegah eboni dari kepunahan diperlukan konservasi eboni secara in-situ dan ex-situ. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui teknik penanaman eboni di daerah tropik yang beriklim agak kering. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap berkelompok dalam percobaan faktorial 2 x 3. Perlaku...

Pengaruh Rendam Air Hangat pada Kaki dalam Meningkatan Kuantitas Tidur Lansia

OpenAIRE

Khotimah

2012-01-01

Elderly has decreased in many body systems, including the impact on sleep disorders. Sleep disorders can affect the quality of life. Therapeutic feet soak in warm water in the blood vessels and improve microcirculation vasodilatation thereby increasing the quantity of sleep. Purpose of the study analyzed the effect of therapy on the foot soak in warm water increases the quantity of sleep in the elderly. Pre-experiment research design approach to One-Group Pre-Post-Test design. 20 elderly inso...

Identifikasi Spesies Candida pada Kaki Pengunjung di Kolam Renang Selayang Medan

OpenAIRE

Hadi, T.Ficky Surya

2017-01-01

Introduction: Skin diseases in Indonesia remains high. In 2010, the Ministry of Health of Indonesia report 247.179 cases of skin and subcutaneos tissues other. A skin disease caused species candida called candidiasis. A common purpose this study is to find indetification species candida on foot visitors in Selayang Pool Method: This study was carried out as descriptive study conducted in crosssectional method.Consecutive sampling technique was used and total of 30 person. Th...

Uso de cera na conservação pós-colheita do caqui cv. Giombo Use of wax in 'Giombo' persimmon cold stored

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julius Blum

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência da cera de carnaúba na conservação pós-colheita do caqui cv. Giombo. Os tratamentos consistiram do tratamento- controle e rápida imersão nas soluções contendo 12,5; 25 e 50 % do produto comercial Meghwax ECF 100®, que é uma emulsão de cera de carnaúba não-iônica a 30 %. Após a secagem, os frutos foram armazenados a 4ºC ± 1ºC e 80 % de umidade relativa. As avaliações foram realizadas em intervalos de 15 dias de conservação em câmara fria, seguidos de 4 dias à temperatura de 20 ± 1ºC, simulando o período de comercialização. As variáveis analisadas foram: firmeza de polpa; sólidos solúveis; acidez titulável; pH; teor de ácido ascórbico, fenóis e perda de massa fresca. O uso de cera de carnaúba, independentemente da concentração utilizada, diminuiu a perda de massa dos frutos em até 7,8 % em armazenagem por 60 dias em câmara fria, seguido de quatro dias em temperatura ambiente. A imersão dos frutos em solução com 12,5% de cera foi eficiente na manutenção do teor de ácido ascórbico e da firmeza, prolongando o tempo de armazenamento por 6 dias. Com o decorrer do armazenamento, houve decréscimo da acidez e aumento do pH.This research had the objective of evaluating the efficiency of the "carnaúba" wax in post-harvest of persimmon fruits (Diospyros kaki, cv. Giombo. The treatments were the rapid immersion of fruits into solutions containing 12.5, 25 and 50 % of the commercial product Meghwax ECF 100®, being a 30 % non ionic emulsion of carnaúba wax. After drying, fruits were stored at 4 ºC and 80 % RH. Chemical and physical characteristics of the fruits were measured throughout sixty days, at fifteen day intervals, followed by a 4-day period at 20 ºC simulating commercialization periods. The pulp firmness, pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity, water loss, tannins and ascorbic acid contents were evaluated. The use of carnaúba wax, regardless of

Hubungan antara Higiene Perorangan dengan Infeksi Cacing Usus (Soil Transmitted Helminths pada Siswa SDN 25 dan 28 Kelurahan Purus, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat Tahun 2013

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Rizka Yunidha Anwar

2016-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakInfeksi cacing usus (helminthiasis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia yang prevalensinya lebih tinggi pada anak usia sekolah dasar (SD. Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Padang, jumlah kasus infeksi cacing usus di Kota Padang tahun 2010 dilaporkan terbanyak kelima dari penyakit yang menyerang balita, yaitu sekitar 2.64%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan antara higiene perorangan siswa yaitu kebiasaan mencuci tangan, kebersihan kuku, penggunaan alas kaki dan kebiasaan mandi dengan infeksi cacing usus. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan metode cross sectional  pada 122 murid kelas 1 sampai kelas 6 SDN 25 dan 28 Purus Kota Padang pada bulan Desember 2013. Hubungan antara variabel dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa angka infeksi kecacingan di Purus 38.5%, yang terinfeksi A.lumbricoides 33.6%, T.trichiura 7.4% dan cacing tambang 0.8%. Didapatkan nilai probabilitas untuk hubungan variabel kebiasaan mencuci tangan 0.235, kebersihan kuku 0.564, penggunaan alas kaki 0.133, dan kebiasaan mandi dengan infeksi cacing usus 0.753.  Kesimpulan studi ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kebiasaan mencuci tangan, kebersihan kuku, penggunaan alas kaki dan kebiasaan mandi dengan infeksi cacing usus pada murid SDN 25 dan 28 Purus, Kota Padang tahun 2013. Kata kunci: higiene perorangan, infeksi cacing usus, siswa sekolah dasar, perilaku siswa AbstractIntestinal worm infection (helminthiasis is a public health problems in  Indonesia. Its prevalence is found higher on children. Based on data of Padang District Health Office, the prevalence of helminthiasis in Padang City at 2010 was reported the most 5th highest of disease that attacks toddler, it is about 2.64%. The objective of this study was to determine the relation between the student’s personal hygiene habits, such as washing hands, nail cleanliness, using footwear and bathing to

Characterization of a new apscaviroid from American persimmon.

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Ito, Takao; Suzaki, Koichi; Nakano, Masaaki; Sato, Akihiko

2013-12-01

A unique circular molecule of 358 nucleotides was detected in American persimmon (Diospyros virginiana L.). The molecule was graft-transmissible and had genetic characteristics of members of the genus Apscaviroid. It had the highest sequence similarity (72-73 %) to citrus viroid VI (CVd-VI) and formed a clade with CVd-VI, citrus dwarfing viroid, and apple dimple fruit viroid in a phylogenetic tree. The molecule was not detected in citrus, unlike CVd-VI, which infects citrus and persimmon, and it was genetically distant from persimmon latent viroid, which infects persimmon only. The genetic and biological features indicated that the molecule may be a member of a new apscaviroid species.

Antimicrobial activity of southern African medicinal plants with dermatological relevance: From an ethnopharmacological screening approach, to combination studies and the isolation of a bioactive compound.

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Mabona, Unathi; Viljoen, Alvaro; Shikanga, Emmanual; Marston, Andrew; Van Vuuren, Sandy

2013-06-21

Ethnobotanical reports on more than 100 southern African medicinal plants with dermatological relevance have been highlighted, yet there is still limited scientific data to support claims for their antimicrobial effectiveness against skin pathogens. Guided by ethnobotanical data, this paper explores the antimicrobial efficacies of southern African medicinal plants used to treat skin ailments. To investigate the antimicrobial properties of southern African medicinal plants against dermatologically relevant pathogens. The study also aimed at providing a scientific rationale for the traditional use of plant combinations to treat skin diseases and the isolation of the bio-active compound from the most active species, Aristea ecklonii (Iridaceae). Organic and aqueous extracts (132) were prepared from 47 plant species and screened for antimicrobial properties against dermatologically relevant pathogens using the micro-titre plate dilution method. Four different plant combinations were investigated for interactive properties and the sum of the fractional inhibitory concentration (ƩFIC) calculated. Isobolograms were used to further investigate the antimicrobial interactive properties of Pentanisia prunelloides combined with Elephantorrhiza elephantina at varied ratios. A bioactivity-guided fractionation process was adopted to fractionate the organic leaf extract of Aristea ecklonii. Plants demonstrating notable broad-spectrum activities (MIC values ≤1.00mg/ml) against the tested pathogens included extracts from Aristea ecklonii, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Diospyros mespiliformis, Elephantorrhiza elephantina, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Gunnera perpensa, Harpephyllum caffrum, Hypericum perforatum, Melianthus comosus, Terminalia sericea and Warburgia salutaris. The organic extract of Elephantorrhiza elephantina, a plant reportedly used to treat acne vulgaris, demonstrated noteworthy antimicrobial activity (MIC value of 0.05mg/ml) against Propionibacterium acnes. Similarly

Parâmetros fitossociológicos de um cerrado no Parque Nacional Da Serra Do Cipó, MG Phytosociological parameters of a cerrado in "Serra Do Cipó" national park, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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João Augusto Alves Meira Neto

2002-10-01

Full Text Available A riqueza de espécies e os fatores determinantes da ocorrência da vegetação de cerrado há muito têm despertado o interesse de pesquisadores. Muitos cerrados protegidos em unidades de conservação ainda não foram investigados florística e estruturalmente. Neste trabalho foi realizado um levantamento florístico e fitossociológico no Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó (19º22'01''S e 43º37'10''W. Foram instaladas 12 parcelas de 150 m² e foram amostrados todos os indíviduos lenhosos com circunferência do caule à altura do solo maior ou igual a 10 cm. Foram relacionadas 44 espécies de 37 gêneros e 30 famílias. Entre estas, Leguminosae Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae Mimosoideae e Guttiferae, com três espécies cada, foram as mais ricas. As espécies mais importantes (VI foram Hymenaea stigonocarpa, Allagoptera campestris, Diospyros hispida, Rapanea guianensis e Piptocarpha rotundifolia.The diversity of species and the factors determining the occurrence of cerrado vegetation have long called the attention of researchers. Many protected cerrados in Conservation Units have not been floristically and structurally studied. This work conducted a floristic and phytosociological survey of the Parque Nacional da "Serra do Cipó" ("Serra do Cipó" National Park (19º22'01''S and 43º37'10''W. Twelve quadrats of 150 m² were established and all individuals with a stem circumference at ground level larger than or equal to 10 cm were sampled. A total of 44 species of 37 genera and 30 families were found. The richest families were Leguminosae Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae Mimosoideae and Guttiferae, with three species each. The most important species (VI were Hymenaea stigonocarpa, Allagoptera campestris, Diospyros hispida, Rapanea guianensis and Piptocarpha rotundifolia.

Dynamics of Mixed Dipterocarps Forests in Wanariset Semboja, East Kalimantan after Three Times of Forest Fires within the Periods of 1980-2003

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HERWINT SIMBOLON

2005-04-01

Full Text Available A plot of 150x700 m2 was established in a mixed dipterocarps of Wanariset Semboja, East Kalimantan during the periods of 1979-1981. The forest was dominated by Eusideroxylon zwageri (Lauraceae, Dipterocarpus cornutus (Dipterocarpaceae, Pholidocarpus majadum (Arecaceae, and Diospyros borneensis (Ebenaceae. Since the plot establishment, the forests then had experienced three times of forest fires, those were in 1982-1983, 1994-1995 and 1997-1998. The present paper reports the results of re-measurement of some 150x110 m2 parts of the plot in August 2003, about 23 years after plot establishment. Micro topographically, the studied plot was relatively undulating in higher parts and relatively flat in the lower parts of the plot, while the differences between lowest sub-plot and higher sub-plot of the re-measured plot was 26 m. Forest floor of the lower parts of the plot were humid to wet during rainy season and still humid during dry season. Almost all of the trees within lower parts of the plot were escaped from these three times of forest fires; hence these sub-plots were dominated by the trees of primary species that enumerated in 1980. Those sub-plots in the higher parts were burnt during the past forest fires indicated by the charcoal of standing trees and remaining felling logs in the forest floor. These burnt sub-plots were dominated by pioneer or secondary tree species, such as: Mallotus spp., Macaranga spp., Ficus spp. and Vernonia arborea. Local distribution of some indicator species (such as primary tree species: Pholidocarpus majadum, Diospyros spp., Eusideroxylon zwageri and species of Dipterocarpaceae; pioneer or secondary tree species Vernonia arborea, Macaranga spp., Mallotus spp., Ficus uncinulata, Piper aduncum, Peronema canescens within the plot were figured. Mortality, recruitment and growth rate during the period of 1980-2003 were also discussed.

Plants and other natural products used in the management of oral infections and improvement of oral health.

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Chinsembu, Kazhila C

2016-02-01

Challenges of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials have opened new vistas in the search for natural products. This article rigorously reviews plants and other natural products used in oral health: Punica granatum L. (pomegranate), Matricaria recutita L. (chamomile), Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (green tea), chewing sticks made from Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A.D.C., Diospyros lycioides Desf., and Salvadora persica L. (miswak), honey and propolis from the manuka tree (Leptospermum scoparium J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.), rhein from Rheum rhabarbarum L. (rhubarb), dried fruits of Vitis vinifera L. (raisins), essential oils, probiotics and mushrooms. Further, the review highlights plants from Africa, Asia, Brazil, Mexico, Europe, and the Middle East. Some of the plants' antimicrobial properties and chemical principles have been elucidated. While the use of natural products for oral health is prominent in resource-poor settings, antimicrobial testing is mainly conducted in the following countries (in decreasing order of magnitude): India, South Africa, Brazil, Japan, France, Egypt, Iran, Mexico, Kenya, Switzerland, Nigeria, Australia, Uganda, and the United Kingdom. While the review exposes a dire gap for more studies on clinical efficacy and toxicity, the following emerging trend was noted: basic research on plants for oral health is mainly done in Brazil, Europe and Australia. Brazil, China, India and New Zealand generally conduct value addition of natural products for fortification of toothpastes. African countries focus on bioprospecting and primary production of raw plants and other natural products with antimicrobial efficacies. The Middle East and Egypt predominantly research on plants used as chewing sticks. More research and funding are needed in the field of natural products for oral health, especially in Africa where oral diseases are fuelled by human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B

TINJAUAN PSIKOLOGI KESEHATAN PADA PENDERITA PENYAKIT KAKI GAJAH KRONIS DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG

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Ambar Sulianti

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Elephantiasis or Filariasis has been reported endemic in Kabupaten Bandung with potentially result in defects. This research aimed to explore health psychology of chronic Elephantiasis patients in Kabupaten Bandung. Qualitative-descriptive method has been used to explore the respondent’s psychodynamics, health behavior, and treatment seeking behavior, while quantitative-descriptive method has been used to determine the percentage distribution. The result showed that there were three kind of respondent’s psychodynamic namely denial (7.7%, anxiety (85%, and depression (7.7%. Due to the lack of knowledge about the disease, the majority of respondents (77% were hiding their disease.Type of treatment seeking behaviors has been chosen by respondent namely relying to the paranormal (92%, doctors (23%, traditional physician (54%, and acupuncturist (15%.

Paradoks Ganda Kos Produksi Petani Tembakau (Studi Fenomenologi pada Petani Tembakau di Kabupaten Jember

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Whedy Prasetyo

2017-04-01

Fenomena paradoks ganda kos produksi akibat pasar tembakau merupakan kajian penelitian ini. Kajian ini merujuk akibat transaksi harga yang bersifat oligopsoni dan petani tidak memiliki akses langsung ke pabrik. Paradoks seperti ini membuat kondisi antara petani dan pabrik menentukan beban produksi. Beban produksi yang terjadi akibat proses jual-beli diperantarai oleh tengkulak, sehingga fluktuasi harga tembakau merugikan petani. Penelitian ini mengunakan studi fenomena. Hasil penelitian mewujudkan harmonisasi penentuan kos produksi dari awal masa tanam sampai panen. Harmonisasi kos produksi seperti ini menunjukkan pabrik dan petani membuka wahana komunikasi intensif dan terbuka beban produksi yang harus dikeluarkan masing-masing. Hasil ini diharapkan mengakhir fenomena oligopsoni dan penetapan harga tembakau secara sepihak oleh tengkulak yang menjadi kaki tangan industri rokok. Oleh karena itu, sudah waktunya cerita paradoks ganda penentuan kos produksi diakhiri.

The risk of varicose veins in standing female workers

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Tony Hidayat

2013-07-01

Full Text Available AbstrakLatar belakang:Varises sering terjadi pada karyawan yang harus bekerja dalam posisi kerja berdiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui beberapa faktor risiko terhadap varises tungkai dan atau kaki di antara pekerja perempuan. Metode:Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan pada Januari-Maret 2010. Sampel penelitian yang dipilih secara purposif yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian di antara pekerja perempuan perlu bekerja dalam  posisi  kerja  berdiri.  Data  dikumpulkan  dengan  wawancara,  pemeriksaan  fisik  dan  observasi posisi kerja berdiri. Pengolahan data untuk menentukan faktor dominan terhadap varises menggunakan pendekatan risiko relatif.Hasil:Dari 152 karyawan yang terdapat 111 yang bersedia mengikuti penelitian, dan yang menderita varises tungkai dan atau kaki sebanyak 52,3% (53 orang. Sebagian besar responden berusia 18-35 tahun, memiliki masa kerja 3-17 tahun, bekerja dalam posisi kerja banyak berdiri. Sebagian kecil responden memiliki riwayat varises di dalam keluarga (13,51%, memakai kontrasepsi oral (11,71%, memiliki kebiasaan olah raga (18,02% dan memakai sepatu hak tinggi (11,71%. Faktor umur, pemakaian kontrasepsi oral, pemakaian sepatu hak tinggi, kebiasaan olah raga, posisi kerja berdiri, tempat kerja, dan masa kerja tidak berhubungan dengan varises tungkai dan atau kaki. Karyawan yang mempunyai dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mempunyai riwayat keluarga varises, berisiko 69% lebih tinggi menderita varises [risiko relatif (RR = 1,69; P = 0.121]. Kesimpulan:Karyawan yang mempunyai riwayat keluarga varises berisiko lebih tinggi menderita varises. (Health Science Indones 2013;1:47-50 Kata kunci:varises, posisi kerja berdiriAbstractBackground: Varicose veins often occur in employees who have to work in a position of standing work. The purpose of this study to determine risk factors for varicose veins and leg or foot among women workers.Methods: In this cross-sectional study in January-March 2010 the

A simple and rapid method for isolation of high quality genomic DNA from fruit trees and conifers using PVP.

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Kim, C S; Lee, C H; Shin, J S; Chung, Y S; Hyung, N I

1997-03-01

Because DNA degradation is mediated by secondary plant products such as phenolic terpenoids, the isolation of high quality DNA from plants containing a high content of polyphenolics has been a difficult problem. We demonstrate an easy extraction process by modifying several existing ones. Using this process we have found it possible to isolate DNAs from four fruit trees, grape (Vitis spp.), apple (Malus spp.), pear (Pyrus spp.) and persimmon (Diospyros spp.) and four species of conifer, Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis,Taxus cuspidata and Juniperus chinensis within a few hours. Compared with the existing method, we have isolated high quality intact DNAs (260/280 = 1.8-2.0) routinely yielding 250-500 ng/microl (total 7.5-15 microg DNA from four to five tissue discs).

Ecological factors governing the distribution of soil microfungi in some forest soils of Pachmarhi Hills, India

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Shashi Chauhan

2014-01-01

Full Text Available An ecological study of the microfungi occurring in the various forest soils of Pachmarhi Hills, India has been carried-out by the soil plate technique. Soil samples from 5 different forest communities viz., moist deciduous forest dominated by tree ferns, Diospyros forest, Terminalia forest, Shorea forest and scrub forest dominated by Acacia and Dalbergia sp. were collected during October, 1983. Some physico-chemical characteristics of the soil were analysed and their role in distribution of fungi in 5 soil types was studied and discussed. 43 fungal species were isolated, of which Asperigillus niger I and Penicillium janthinellum occurred in all the 5 soil types. Statistically, none of the edaphic factors showed positive significant correlation with the number of fungi.

Perilaku Jual Beli Di Kalangan Pedagang Kaki Lima Dalam Perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam

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Darmawati Darmawati

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Islamic business ethics teach people to have a good behavior and to avoid the bad ones. It is based on Islamic values. Islam has a role about the weights of goods. It has been written in Al-Qur’an and hadits. Islam suggests people do business in a right way; because Islam deals with productivity in trade. In trade, both the producers and the consumers will have benefits from the trade. A good purchace and sale activity involve an honesty; in the right or wrong way. In Islamic business law, the concept of muamalah is mubah, unless it is done based on Al-Qur’an and Sunnah, without coercion, benefits-based consideration, avoiding bad effects, and fair

Contribuição da pesquisa científica brasileira no desenvolvimento de algumas frutíferas de clima subtropical

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Fernando Mendes Pereira

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Quando se considera aptidão climática, as plantas frutíferas são classificadas em: tropicais, subtropicais e temperadas. Esta tradicional classificação, por muito tempo, mostrou-se bastante efetiva. Os mais atuais conhecimentos dos centros de origens de diferentes espécies, os avanços tecnológicos na condução dos pomares e na conservação dos frutos e especialmente o melhoramento genético criaram condições excepcionais para o cultivo de espécies tropicais e temperadas em clima subtropical. No presente trabalho foram selecionadas as culturas da atemoieira, do caquizeiro, da figueira e da goiabeira com base não apenas na importância nacional e regional, mas também pelas diferentes contribuições que a pesquisa científica ofereceu a estas frutíferas. Atemoieira - dentre as espécies frutíferas exploradas em larga escala, talvez seja a de mais recente introdução de cultivo no Brasil, iniciado em meados da década de 1980. Diversas técnicas de cultivo foram desenvolvidas, como porta-enxertos mais adequados para cada região, podas de formação e produção, polinização artificial, manejo de pragas e doenças, e diversas outras tecnologias que permitiram rápida expansão da cultura em diversas regiões do País. Embora o importante papel das Universidades, Institutos de Pesquisas e Extensão seja inquestionável, foi fundamental a contribuição dos produtores pioneiros que iniciaram a busca de soluções para os problemas surgidos, indicando as necessidades para intervenções da pesquisa. Caquizeiro - a produção brasileira de caqui (IBGE - 2009, de 171.555 t, é obtida em uma área de 8.770 ha e representa um valor de 146,67 milhões de reais. São Estados maiores produtores São Paulo (111.646 t, Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná e Rio de Janeiro. As principais cultivares em produção são: Rama Forte, Giombo e Fuyu, que são comercializados prioritariamente no mercado interno. Figueira - a produção brasileira de figos

Fruit quality of ‘Jiro’ japanese persimmon fruits bagged with different types of packings/ Qualidade de frutos de caqui ‘Jiro’ ensacados com diferentes embalagens

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Louise Larissa May de Mio

2007-10-01

Full Text Available The bagging technique of fruits comes being used by many producers, aiming at the fruit quality, reduction of application of agro toxics and reduction of the damages caused by insects and diseases. The present work evaluated the quality of bagging fruits of ‘Jiro’ japanese persimmon with different types of bags. The experiment was lead in the orchard of Japanese persimmon of the Experimental Farm of the Canguiri of the UFPR, located in Pinhais-PR. The fertilization and the management of the orchard were entirely organic. The treatments had been: microperforated plastic bag, brown kraft paper bag, butter-like paper bag, newspaper bag and without bagging. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with five replicates, being each plant considered a block. Each parcel was composed by 20 fruits. The bagging was made after the physiological fall of the young fruits, distributing the types of bags aleatorely inside each plant. The evaluation was 77 days after bagging, verifying the number of fruits harvested, mass of the fruits, diameter of the fruits, number of fruits in each category of maturation, number of fruits attacked with Schyzothyrium pomi and soluble solids content. The results were significant only in the incidence of S. pomi and in the percentage of coloration of the fruits. The bagging with newspaper and brown kraft bags reduced the incidence of S. Pomi and the color of fruits. The size and the soluble solids content were not affected by bagging.A técnica de ensacamento de frutos vem sendo utilizadas por muitos produtores, visando a melhor qualidade de frutos, redução de aplicação de agrotóxicos e diminuição dos danos provocados por pragas e doenças. O presente trabalho avaliou a qualidade de frutos de caquizeiro ‘Jiro’ ensacados com diferentes tipos de embalagens. O experimento foi conduzido no pomar de caquizeiro da Fazenda Experimental do Canguiri da UFPR, localizada em Pinhais-PR. A adubação e o manejo do

Pengaruh Entrepreneurial Marketing Dan Kebijakan Pemerintah Terhadap Daya Saing Industri Alas Kaki Di Bogor

OpenAIRE

Septiani, Stevia; Sarma, Ma'mun; Limbong, Wilson H

2013-01-01

Entrepreneurial marketing is the suitable approach in terms of resource constraints and problems that exist in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Footwear industry is a sector of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that is supported by the government of Bogor. Problems of development of footwear industry are divided into two main factors: the competence of SMEs and local government policy. Based on these problems, this study aims to (1) Identify the characteristics of entrepreneurs, busines...

Peran Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja dalam Menertibkan Pedagang Kaki Lima Dikota Denpasar Tahun 2014

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Loebaloe, Aldi Juliant; Pascarani, Ni Nyoman Dewi; Supriliyani, Ni Wayan

2015-01-01

Street vendors are jobs in informal sector whose presence become pros and cons in every city especially Denpasar. Street vendors sell their merchandise around public facilities which ultimately disturb public order. Civil Service Police Unit is one of the apparatures of the local government which have an important role in conducting the control of street vendors in the city of Denpasar. The study was to look at the role of the Civil Service Police Unit in controlling street vendors in the cit...

Hubungan Lama Menderita DM dengan Perilaku Perawatan Kaki secara Mandiri untuk Mencegah Ulkus Diabetikum

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Apriliyasari, Renny Wulan

2015-01-01

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) atau yang biasa disebut kencing manis merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik gula darah melebihi nilai normal. Data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pati jumlah penderita DM meningkat, dengan rata-rata pada 2 tahun 2008-2009 sebanyak 1950 orang. Hasil survey di RSUD RAA Soewondo Pati, penyakit diabetes mellitus menempati peringkat pertama penyakit rawat jalan 2013 dengan 3893 total kunjungan atau sebesar 4,83%. Salah satu hal penting pada pasien ...

STUDI POTENSI PERTANIAN “KAKI“ LAWU SELATAN WILAYAH WONOGIRI

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Arief Budi Nugroho

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Agricultural potential have the highest contribution to Gross Domestic Product Wonogiri (BPS, 2011 because it is proper database agricultural potential is necessary for basic agricultural development planning in particular and the economy in general. In turn can be achieved high revenue. This study aims to provide information on the potential of agriculture in the "Kaki Lawu Selatan" South and provide recommendations on the development of agricultural. From this study the South Lawu Foot Zone can be divided into 4 (four zones: the upper leg, foot zone central zone, lower leg and foot slope zone. Among these zones, based on the parent material foot zone less potential for commercial agriculture, based on the value of LQ, three priority commodities suspected potential for the avocado fruit, rambutan, breadfruit. Vegetables garlic, carrots and cabbage. Plantation commodities include coffee, cocoa and tobacco / patchouli. Food commodities include cassava, maize and peanuts.Kata kunci : Agricultural potential

INCLUSION BODY MYOSITIS

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Luh Yeni Laksmini

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Inclusion body myositis (IBM merupakan penyakit inflamasi pada otot yang bersifat progresif dengan penyebab yang tidak diketahui dan tidak menunjukkan respon yang baik terhadap berbagai terapi. Gambaran histopatologi IBM ditandai dengan infiltrat sel-sel limfosit diantara ruangan endomisial, di dalam otot dan di sekitar otot dengan fokus-fokus inklusi di dalam miosit (rimmed vacuole serta beberapa serat otot terlihat atrofi dan nekrosis. Dilaporkan wanita, usia 46 tahun dengan IBM. Keluhan utama pasien berupa kelemahan pada kedua tangan, kaki kanan terasa berat jika diangkat sehingga susah berjalan. Pemeriksaan saraf sensorik ekstremitas dekstra dan sinistra dalam batas normal. Pemeriksaan enzim cretinine kinase meningkat secara dramatik. Pemeriksaan histopatologi dari biospi otot gastrocnemius menunjukkan gambaran yang sesuai untuk IBM dan telah dilakukan penanganan dengan pemberian oral methilprednisolon 3x32 mg dan mecobalmin 1x500ìg intravena, namun tidak menunjukkan respon yang baik terhadap terapi dan akhirnya pasien meninggal. [MEDICINA 2013;44:118-123].

Direct seeding woody species for restoration of bottomlands

Science.gov (United States)

Twedt, D.J.; Connor, Kristina F

2006-01-01

I direct seeded (broadcast) seeds of 39 species of trees and shrubs using an ATV-mounted rotary spreader to initiate restoration of bottomland forest on retired agricultural sites. Four sites were planted during February, 2000, and 13 additional sites were planted during April and May, 2001. After two growing seasons, stem density of direct-seeded species varied greatly among study plots (range = 0 to 888 stems/ha) but averaged only 110 stems/ha. I recommend that future efforts at direct seeding focus on seven shrub species (Amorpha fruticosa L., Cephalanthus occidentalis L., Cornus spp., Crataegus spp., Ilex decidua Walt., Morus rubra L., and Prunus spp.) and seven tree species (Celtis laevigata Willd., Diospyros virginiana L., Fraxinus spp., Gleditsia triacanthos L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich, and Ulmus spp.) that successfully established in these trials.

PERANCANGAN KURSI PADA STASIUN KERJA GERINDA DI PT ASABA INDUSTRY

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Triwulandari S. Dewayana

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang fasilitas kerja berupa  kursi yang dapat diatur ketinggiannya/posisinya sesuai dengan posisi tubuh  pekerja pada stasiun kerja gerinda untuk aktivitas menggerinda di PT Asaba Industry. Perancangan dilakukan melalui 4 tahapan yaitu : 1 identifikasi kebutuhan ; 2 menetapkan target dan spesifikasi; 3 mendesain rancangan kursi;  dan 4 memilih rancangan kursi. Pada tahap desain rancangan kursi diperoleh 64 rancangan, sedangkan hasil dari screening rancangan menunjukkan hanya 10 rancangan yang dapat dipertimbangkan lebih lanjut. Dari 10 rancangan terdapat 3 rancangan kursi yang terpilih melalui scoring sebagai alternatif yaitu rancangan 26,27 dan 28. Dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP yang melibatkan para expert, yaitu Manejer Perusahaan, Pengawas Lantai Produksi dan pekerja pada bagian stasiun kerja gerinda diperoleh rancangan kursi yang terpilih adalah rancangan 28, yaitu kursi dengan bahan rangka besi, bahan dudukan kursi menggunakan busa, kaki kursi dapat diatur ketinggiannya, lengan kursi tidak ada, letak tempat peralatan kerja menempel pada dudukan kursi, dan memiliki pijakan kaki yang dapat diatur posisinya dengan bobot 48,1495 %. Adapun kriteria yang digunakan dalam pemilihan adalah kemudahan penggunaan, bahan, disain, kenyamanan, keamanan, dan biaya pembuatan. Kata Kunci : screening, scoring,  Fuzzy AHP   This study aims to design facilities of seats that can be set height / position with the position of the body workers working on the station to activity in PT. Industry Asaba. The design is done through 4 stages, namely: 1 Identify the needs: 2 Setting targets and specifications 3 Design chair design: and 4 Selecting a design chair. At the design stage of the design obtained 64 seats design, while the results of the draft bahwahanya 10 shows the design that can be considered further. 10 of the draft there are 3 chair design that was selected through a scoring

Pemilihan food outlet sebagai faktor risiko berat badan lebih anak usia sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tegalsari Surabaya

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Renny Evelyn Hartono

2016-08-01

, physical activity,gender, and total expenditure had relationship with overweight/obesity status.KEYWORDS: food outlet, obesity, overweightABSTRAKLatar belakang: Overweight dan obesitas adalah keadaan akibat ketidakseimbangan kalori dalam tubuh yang terjadi dalam waktu lama dan menjadi penyebab kematian lebih banyak dibanding underweight. Salah satu faktor yang berhubungan langsung adalah pola makan, yang juga dipengaruhi pemilihan food outlet. Surabaya merupakan daerah perkotaan sehingga memiliki jenis dan karakteristik food oulet lebih beragam. Anak usia SD kelas IV, V, VI sudah tidak terlalu bergantung pada orang tua, sehingga konsumsi pangan dan aktivitas fisiknya mulai beragam. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara pemilihan food outlet dan status berat badan lebih pada anak usia sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tegalsari, Surabaya.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kasus-kontrol. Sampel penelitian adalah 51 anak untuk masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol dari 11 SD di 5 Kelurahan di Kecamatan Tegalsari, Surabaya. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara, observasi langsung ke food outlet dan wawancara alasan pemilihan food outlet pada informan terpilih. Data kuantitatif diolah dengan uji bivariat (chi-square dan multivariariat (regresi binomial.Hasil: Uji bivariat menyatakan terdapat hubungan signifi kan antara frekuensi datang ke pedagang kaki lima (OR=4,09, 95% CI:1,60-10,75, frekuensi konsumsi fast food (OR=2,86, 95% CI:1,19-6,94 dan kudapan (OR=6,05, 95% CI:2,20-17,62, aktivitas fi sik (OR=3,09, 95% CI:1,28-7,51 serta jenis kelamin (OR=2,70, 95% CI:1,11-6,64 dengan berat badan lebih, sedangkan frekuensi ke food store (total, supermarket, pasar, mini-market, frekuensi ke food service place total, rumah makan, restoran fast food, pola konsumsi sayur buah, dan sosial ekonomi responden tidak berhubungan signifi kan. Pada analisis multivariat, variabel yang mempengaruhi frekuensi datang ke pedagang kaki lima adalah frekuensi konsumsi kudapan, aktivitas fisik, jenis kelamin

Biological aspects of Periga circumstans Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae with larvae reared on khaki and mate-plant leaves

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A. Specht

Full Text Available The goal of the present study was to investigate biological aspects of Periga circumstans Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae whose larvae were fed on leaves of khaki-plant (Diospyros khaki Linnaeus - Ebenaceae and Mate-plant (Ilex paraguariensis Saint Hilaire - Aquifoliaceae leaves. The biological parameters were obtained from specimens kept under controlled conditions: temperature of 25 ± 1 °C, relative humidity of 70 ± 10%, and photoperiod of 12 hours. For each developmental stage, morphological and ethological parameters are described. The larvae passed through six instars with a growth average rate of 1.4 for each instar. The host plants influenced significantly only the total duration of the larval phase, which was prolonged for larvae fed on khaki-plant leaves. Several aspects related to the morphology and the ethology of P. circumstans are similar to those described for Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855.

An in-vitro studies on green synthesis of gold nanoparticles against pathogens and cancer cells

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V. Ramesh

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Nanotechnology is a most promising field for generating new applications in medicine. It is imperative to integrate nanoscience and medicine. The present investigation is highly warranted to through more light upon the gold nanoparticles reduced from gold salt through the active principle of medicinal plant. The special emphasis of investigation is the active principle along with gold nanoparticles against for cancer cells. The 70 - 90 nm sized particles were synthesized by using Diospyros ferrea and this confirmed by SEM. These gold nanoparticles showed a characteristic absorption peak at 540 nm in UV spectra. The possibility of protein as a stabilizing material in gold nanoparticles is revealed by FTIR analysis. Remarkably, as a result of wide screening on the application of newly synthesized gold nanoparticles their anticancer potential has been discovered using MTT assay. The antimicrobial activity of AuNPs showed effective against bacteria than the fungal strains.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI FRAKSI AIR EKSTRAK DAUN SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L. PADA MENCIT JANTAN

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Sapri

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Tanaman seledri (Apium graveolens L. memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi obat antiinflamasi karena kandungan senyawa glikosida flavonoid yaitu apiin sehingga digunakan fraksi air karena lebih mudah tertarik pada fraksi air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fraksi air ekstrak daun seledri sebagai antiinflamasi pada mencit putih dengan menggunakan metode induksi karagenan pada telapak kaki serta mengetahui nilai ED50. Pengukuran aktivitas antiinflamasi digunakan 5 kelompok perlakuan hewan uji, kontrol (+ digunakan kalium diklofenak 50 mg, kontrol (- suspensi Na. CMC 0,5%, dosis I adalah 125mg/kgBB, dosis II adalah 250mg/kgBB dan dosis III adalah 500mg/kgBB. Dengan pengukuran setiap 30 menit selama 5 jam dengan alat pletismometer. Analisis data digunakan metode statistik One way ANOVAdengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% yang dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga dosis fraksi air ekstrak daun seledri memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi. Pada menit ke-300 tidak terjadi perbedaan bermakna antara kontrol positif dengan dosis 500 mg/kgBB dengan persen inhibisi 86,04%. Dari perhitungan ED50 didapatkan hasil sebesar 100 mg/kgBB.

A Long and Winding Road: Cross-Cultural Connections Between Brazil, Australia and Japan

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Cristina Rocha

2006-12-01

Full Text Available My first experiences of Japan were so early in life that they are hazy in my memory. My neighbours in São Paulo City, a sprawling megalopolis in Brazil, were Japanese migrants. I was seven or eight when I first saw their festivals and performance presentations from my parents’ bedroom window. I remember my awe at their colourful costumes, masks and music. On a daily basis I remember the pungent smell of the soy sauce they produced in a factory in their backyard. We also shopped at a small neighbourhood supermarket called Shinohara. We bought paper and sticks for our kites from a general store owned by another Japanese migrant. We would tell our mother that we were going to ride our bikes to the ‘Japonesa’ to get kite material. At home, caqui (Japanese kaki was my favourite fruit, but we also had all sorts of vegetables the Japanese migrants brought from Japan. We even called Japanese pumpkin by its Japanese name – kabocha.

KOREA SYDENHAM DAN KARDITIS TERSEMBUNYI PADA SEORANG ANAK PEREMPUAN USIA 9 TAHUN

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Putu Ayu Widyanti

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Korea Sydenham adalah bentuk paling umum dari gerakan korea yang diperoleh pada masa kanak-kanak, dan  merupakan salah satu kriteria diagnostik utama demam rematik. Korea Sydenham ditandai dengan gerakan involunter yang menghilang saat tidur, ketidakstabilan emosional, dan hipotonia. Kasus adalah anak perempuan berumur 9 tahun dengan gerakan coreatic (gerakan involunter pada lengan dan kaki. Gerakan tersebut juga ditemukan pada lidah sehingga pasien sulit untuk berbicara. Pasien juga memiliki ketidakstabilan emosi, dan kelemahan otot. Riwayat trauma disangkal.  Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan murmur di daerah apex jantung, holosistolik, derajat  2/6, meniup, dan menyebar sepanjang aksila. Pada echocardiography didapatkan  regurgitasi mitral moderat (MR dan regurgitasi aorta (AR karena karditis. Diagnosisnya adalah Korea Sydenham dan karditis. Pasien  diterapi dengan erythomicin 250 mg empat kali sehari selama 10 hari, dan eritromisin 250 mg oral dua kali sehari untuk profilaksis. Untuk terapi simtomatik diberikan haloperidol 2 mg dua kali sehari dan trihexyphenidil 0.5 mg tiga kali sehari. Respon terapi dan prognosis baik. (MEDICINA 2012;43:54-59.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ENCENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes TERFERMENTASI DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERSENTASE KARKAS, NON-KARKAS, DAN LEMAK ABDOMINAL ITIK LOKAL JANTAN UMUR DELAPAN MINGGU

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Ratih Dewanti

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan enceng gondok terfermentasi terhadap bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, non-karkas, dan lemak abdominal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL pola searah. Perlakuan meliputi: P0 (ransum basal; P1 (ransum basal + 2,5% enceng gondok terfermentasi; P2 (ransum basal + 5% enceng gondok terfermentasi; P3 (ransum basal + 7,5% enceng gondok terfermentasi; dan P4 (ransum basal + 10% enceng gondok terfermentasi. Hasil penelitian dari kelima perlakuan diperoleh nilai rerata bobot potong 1261,97 g; persentase karkas 53,22%; persentase sayap 16,03%; paha 28,68%; dada 20,58%, dan punggung 24,71%. Rerata persentase non-karkas berturut – turut adalah kepala 15,22%; kaki 2,68%; hati 2,21%; jantung 0,72%; empedal 4,74%; dan lemak abdominal 0,63%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan enceng gondok terfermentasi dalam ransum sampai tingkat 10% tidak berpengaruh terhadap bobot potong, persentase karkas, non-karkas, dan lemak abdominal itik lokal jantan umur delapan minggu. (Kata kunci: Itik lokal jantan, Enceng gondok terfermentasi, Karkas, Non-karkas, Lemak abdominal

Co-occurring woody species have diverse hydraulic strategies and mortality rates during an extreme drought: Belowground hydraulic failure during drought

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Johnson, Daniel M. [College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow ID 83844 USA; Domec, Jean-Christophe [Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR INRA-ISPA 1391, Gradignan 33195 France; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham NC 27708 USA; Carter Berry, Z. [College of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow ID 83844 USA; Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham NH 03824 USA; Schwantes, Amanda M. [Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham NC 27708 USA; McCulloh, Katherine A. [Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI 53705 USA; Woodruff, David R. [US Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Corvallis OR 97331 USA; Wayne Polley, H. [Grassland, Soil & Water Research Laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Temple TX 76502 USA; Wortemann, Remí [INRA Nancy, UMR INRA-UL 1137 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, Champenoux 54280 France; Swenson, Jennifer J. [Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham NC 27708 USA; Scott Mackay, D. [Department of Geography, State University of New York, Buffalo NY 14261 USA; McDowell, Nate G. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland WA 99352 USA; Jackson, Robert B. [Department of Earth System Science, Woods Institute for the Environment, and Precourt Institute for Energy, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305 USA

2018-01-29

From 2011 to 2013, Texas experienced its worst drought in recorded history. This event provided a unique natural experiment to assess species-specific responses to extreme drought and mortality of four co-occurring woody species: Quercus fusiformis, Diospyros texana, Prosopis glandulosa and Juniperus ashei. We examined hypothesized mechanisms that could promote these species’ diverse mortality patterns using post-drought measurements on surviving trees coupled to retrospective process modeling. The species exhibited a wide range of gas exchange responses, hydraulic strategies, and mortality rates. Multiple proposed indices of mortality mechanisms were not consistent with the observed mortality patterns across species, including measures of iso/anisohydry, photosynthesis, carbohydrate depletion, and hydraulic safety margins. Large losses of growing season whole-tree conductance (driven by belowground losses of conductance), and shallower rooting depths, were associated with species that exhibited greater mortality. Based on this retrospective analysis, we suggest that species more vulnerable to drought were more likely to have succumbed to hydraulic failure belowground.

Tree species diversity in the Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh, India

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M. Tarakeswara Naidu

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The present study was conducted to analyze tree species diversity in the tropical forests of the Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh, India.  A total of 270 species of trees (≥15cm girth at breast height pertaining to 177 genera belonging to 55 families were recorded.  Among the 270 species, 141 species were observed to be common, 78 were occasional and 51 species were rare in the study area.  Fabaceae was the dominant family with 33 species followed by Rubiaceae with 15 species and Malvaceae, Moraceae and Phyllanthaceae with 13 species each.  The genera with the highest number of species include Ficus (12 species, Diospyros (8 species, Albizia and Grewia (6 species each, Acacia and Bauhinia (5 species each.  Forty-five percent of the species were indigenous. This illustrates the diversity of the tree species in the studied area of the Eastern Ghats and also emphasizes the need for their conservation. 

Increasing the Effectiveness of the “Great Green Wall” as an Adaptation to the Effects of Climate Change and Desertification in the Sahel

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David O'Connor

2014-10-01

Full Text Available The Great Green Wall (GGW has been advocated as a means of reducing desertification in the Sahel through the planting of a broad continuous band of trees from Senegal to Djibouti. Initially proposed in the 1980s, the plan has received renewed impetus in light of the potential of climate change to accelerate desertification, although the implementation has been lacking in all but two of 11 countries in the region. In this paper, we argue that the GGW needs modifying if it is to be effective, obtain the support of local communities and leverage international support. Specifically, we propose a shift from planting trees in the GGW to utilizing shrubs (e.g., Leptospermum scoparium, Boscia senegalensis, Grewia flava, Euclea undulata or Diospyros lycioides, which would have multiple benefits, including having a faster growth rate and proving the basis for silvo-pastoral livelihoods based on bee-keeping and honey production.

Application of Genomic In Situ Hybridization in Horticultural Science

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Fahad Ramzan

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Molecular cytogenetic techniques, such as in situ hybridization methods, are admirable tools to analyze the genomic structure and function, chromosome constituents, recombination patterns, alien gene introgression, genome evolution, aneuploidy, and polyploidy and also genome constitution visualization and chromosome discrimination from different genomes in allopolyploids of various horticultural crops. Using GISH advancement as multicolor detection is a significant approach to analyze the small and numerous chromosomes in fruit species, for example, Diospyros hybrids. This analytical technique has proved to be the most exact and effective way for hybrid status confirmation and helps remarkably to distinguish donor parental genomes in hybrids such as Clivia, Rhododendron, and Lycoris ornamental hybrids. The genome characterization facilitates in hybrid selection having potential desirable characteristics during the early hybridization breeding, as this technique expedites to detect introgressed sequence chromosomes. This review study epitomizes applications and advancements of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH techniques in horticultural plants.

Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of fourteen wild edible fruits from Burkina Faso.

Science.gov (United States)

Lamien-Meda, Aline; Lamien, Charles Euloge; Compaoré, Moussa M Y; Meda, Roland N T; Kiendrebeogo, Martin; Zeba, Boukare; Millogo, Jeanne F; Nacoulma, Odile G

2008-03-06

A total of fourteen (14) species of wild edible fruits from Burkina Faso were analyzed for their phenolic and flavonoid contents, and their antioxidant activities using the DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. The data obtained show that the total phenolic and total flavonoid levels were significantly higher in the acetone than in the methanol extracts.Detarium microcarpum fruit had the highest phenolic and the highest flavonoid content,followed by that of Adansonia digitata, Ziziphus mauritiana, Ximenia americana and Lannea microcarpa. Significant amounts of total phenolics were also detected in the other fruit species in the following order of decreasing levels: Tamarindus indica > Sclerocaryabirrea > Dialium guineense > Gardenia erubescens > Diospyros mespiliformis > Parkiabiglobosa > Ficus sycomorus > Vitellaria paradoxa. Detarium microcarpum fruit also showed the highest antioxidant activity using the three antioxidant assays. Fruits with high antioxidant activities were also found to possess high phenolic and flavonoid contents. There was a strong correlation between total phenolic and flavonoid levels and antioxidant activities.

Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Activity of Fourteen Wild Edible Fruits from Burkina Faso

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Odile G. Nacoulma

2008-03-01

Full Text Available A total of fourteen (14 species of wild edible fruits from Burkina Faso wereanalyzed for their phenolic and flavonoid contents, and their antioxidant activities usingthe DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods. The data obtained show that the total phenolic andtotal flavonoid levels were significantly higher in the acetone than in the methanol extracts.Detarium microcarpum fruit had the highest phenolic and the highest flavonoid content,followed by that of Adansonia digitata, Ziziphus mauritiana, Ximenia americana andLannea microcarpa. Significant amounts of total phenolics were also detected in the otherfruit species in the following order of decreasing levels: Tamarindus indica > Sclerocaryabirrea > Dialium guineense > Gardenia erubescens > Diospyros mespiliformis > Parkiabiglobosa > Ficus sycomorus > Vitellaria paradoxa. Detarium microcarpum fruit alsoshowed the highest antioxidant activity using the three antioxidant assays. Fruits with highantioxidant activities were also found to possess high phenolic and flavonoid contents.There was a strong correlation between total phenolic and flavonoid levels and antioxidantactivities.

Revisão das espécies de Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Coccidae do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil Revision of the species of Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Coccidae from the state of São Paulo, Brazil

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Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti

2008-01-01

écies redescritas: C. agrestis Hempel, 1932; C. cassiae (Chavannes, 1848; C. cirripediformis; C. deodorensis Hempel, 1900; C. diospyros Hempel, 1928; C. floridensis Comstock, 1881; C. flosculoides Matile-Ferrero, 1993; C. formicarius Hempel, 1900; C. formosus Hempel, 1900; C. grandis Hempel, 1900; C. gregarius Hempel, 1932; C. iheringi Cockerell, 1895; C. janeirensis; C. lucidus; C. purpureus Hempel, 1900; C. quadratus Green, 1935; C. speciosus Hempel, 1900; C. stellifer e C. variegatus Hempel, 1900. São designados lectótipos e paralectótipos para C. agrestis, C. deodorensis, C. diospyros, C. formosus, C. purpureus, C. speciosus e C. variegatus e um neótipo para C. cassiae.The species of Ceroplastinae (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Coccidae from the state of São Paulo are revised. Thirty-six species are studied, 9 are synonymyzed, 8 new species are described and 19 known species are redescribed. Ceroplastes campinensis Hempel, 1901, C. bicolor Hempel, 1901, C. excaericae Hempel, 1912 and C. farmairii (Signoret, 1866 were not studied because the type material or other specimens were not found. Our studies indicate that C. albolineatus Cockerell, 1894 and C. confluens Cockerell & Tinsley, 1898 were erroneously cited by Hempel, 1900 as occurruing in the state of São Paulo. Coccus stellifer Westwood, 1871, currently Vinsonia stellifera (Westwood, 1871, is transferred to Ceroplastes as Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood, 1871 n. comb. Ceroplastes flosculoides Matile-Ferrero, 1993 is recorded for the first time in Brazil and Ceroplastes cassiae (Chavannes, 1848, C. deodorensis Hempel, 1937, C. formosus Hempel, 1900 and C. quadratus Green, 1935 are recorded for the first time for state of São Paulo. The Ceroplastinae is now represented by 31 species in the state of São Paulo, all included in the genus Ceroplastes. Identification key and illustrations for species are included. New synonyms are proposed: C. formicarius Hempel = Ceroplastes communis Hempel, 1900 n. syn.; C. janeirensis Gray

Informasi dari Feses dan Jejak Kaki Rusa Sambar (Cervus unicolor serta Implikasinya pada Akurasi Penaksiran Populasi

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Rachmat Budiwijaya Suba

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Information from Feces and Foot Tracks of Sambar Deer(Cervus unicolor, and Its Implication on PopulationEstimation This study aims to investigate Sambar Deer (Cervus unicolor ecology from the encounter of pellet piles groups and tracks in the study area. This study was carried out in Swanslutung village, one of the villages in the Paser District, East Kalimantan, where the hunting pressure is still relatively high and local people still depend on hunting for bush-meat of Sambar Deer. Further discussion addresses to find accurate and reliable scheme of population etimate. Average density estimate for the study area, based on the groups of pellet piles count, was 3.01 + 0.17 individuals/km2. Tracks can give information about sex and age classes, some of essential parts to study population dynamic of Sambar Deer. Dispersion of pellet piles groups and tracks can be used in tracking to study home range and territories of the species.

RESPON DAN KOPING PASIEN DM POST AMPUTASI

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Candra Kusuma Negara

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Penyakit DM merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sangat penting karena berkaitan dengan tingginya kejadian komplikasi dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Bagi kebanyakan orang penyakit DM adalah suatu penyakit yang sangat mengkhawatirkan dan masyarakat sadar akan besarnya potensi bahaya yang ditimbulkannya. Bagi individu yang menderita DM dengan pasca amputasi, kehidupan selanjutnya merupakan babak baru yang penuh tantangan dan perubahan serta akan melalui proses koping terhadap proses perubahan tersebut. Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi berbagai pengalaman pasien DM pasca amputasi tentang respon dan koping yang dialaminya. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi fenomenologi. Pengambilan data menggunakan indepth interview pada empat orang partisipan yang dirawat jalan di Poli kaki diabetic RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin yang dilengkapi dengan pedoman wawancara dan informed consent. Metode analisis yang terstruktur dari Creswell menjadi 6 langkah. Terdapat 2 Tema yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu berbagai respon post amputasi dan Berbagai koping pasien DM post amputasi. Berbagai respon post amputasi terdiri dari tiga Sub-Tema yaitu: (1 Mengalami hambatan fisik, (2 Mengalami perubahan peran, (3 Mengalami proses berduka, dan Terdapat empat Sub-Tema yang menggambarkan berbagai koping pasien DM post amputasi yaitu: (1 Lebih banyak beribadah, (2 Menerima keadaan, (3 Motivasi yang kuat, (4 Mencari dukungan sosial.

UJI EFEK ANALGETIK EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN MANGGA ARUM MANIS (Mangifera indica L. Var. Arum manis TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH BETINA

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Mhd Riza Marjoni

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Penggunaan tanaman sebagai salah satu bahan pengobatan di Indonesia sudah dikenal sejak lama dan sampai sekarang masih banyak dilakukan oleh masyarakat secara luas. Mangga varietas arumanis yang merupakan produk asli Indonesia merupakan salah satudari tanaman tersebut yang telah digunakan secara tradisional oleh masyarakat untuk meredakan rasa nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek analgetik dari ekstrak methanol daun mangga arumanis menggunakan 3 variasi dosis.Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 ekor mencit putih betina sebagai hewan uji yang dikelompokan menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok pertama diberi obat analgetik tramadol sebagai kontrol positif, kelompok kedua diberi aquades sebagai kontrol negatif, dan kelompok ketiga sampai kelima diberi ekstrak methanol daun mangga arumanis dengan 3 variasi dosis 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg setiap 0,5 ml secara oral.  Pengamatan yang dilakukan terhadap hewan uji adalah respon berupa melompat dan atau menjilat kaki sebelum perlakuan, dan pada menit ke-30, 60, 90, 120 setelah diberi rangsangan nyeri berupa suhu panas 55 0 C menggunakan metoda hot plate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga dosis ektrak metanol daun mangga arum manis memiliki efek analgesik pada mencit putih betina

Peningkatan Efisiensi LKMS Inklusif Melalui Skim Pembiayaan Mikro Takaful Untuk PKL Surabaya

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Arin Setiyowati

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Surabaya sebagai kota metropolis kedua di Indonesia, isu terkait tenaga kerja informal khususnya pedagang kaki lima merupakan salah satu isu abadi yang sangat kompleks untuk diselesaikan. Satu hal yang perlu digarisbawahi adalah PKL menjadi salah satu solusi alternatif dalam mengurangi angka pengangguran di Surabaya sebagai kota urban. Sehingga wajar saja kalau PKL layak mendapatkan jamsostek (jaminan sosial ketenagakerjaan, mengingat tempat kerjanya yang rentan kecelakaan kerja dan jaminan hari tua untuk keluarga mereka. Sementara UU SJSN dan jamsostek maupun  UU pelaksana lainnya belum secara signifikan menganggarkan untuk mereka. Sehingga perlu segera diadakan skim coverage baru yang diinisiasi oleh lembaga non pemerintah untuk jamsostek PKL. Melalui Lembaga keuangan mikro syariah (LKMS dengan karakter inklusifitasnya, maka salah satunya BMT mengadakan skim pembiayaan mikrotakaful untuk tenaga kerja informal, khususnya PKL dalam rangka coverage kecelakaan kerja dan jaminan hari tua. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian PAR (Partisipation Action Research dengan PKL-PKL di sentra PKL yang sudah disediakan oleh Pemkot Surabaya maupun yang masih liar, dan dari pihak LKMS. Sehingga diharapkan dari penelitian ini mampu menjadi new inside dalam Islamic Economic science dan menjadi solusi alternatif mewujudkan kesejahteraan umat.

Model Penanganan Relokasi Pedagang Kaki Lima : (Studi Kasus Relokasi PKL Citarum Ke Pasar Waru Di Kota Semarang)

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Hasan, -; Rahman, Suwignyo

2008-01-01

The existence on street hawkers increase fastly in line with economic crisis and reformation. This situation need to be managed. The policy of street hawkers settlement in Semarang has been ruled in local or regional law. One of this policy implementation was Citarum street hawkers relocation from Citarum street to the Pasar Waru. This relocation has been done orderly, unlike another street hawkers relocation which oftentimes generate oposition between street hawkers and local government. The...

Review of the chemistry and pharmacology of 7-Methyljugulone.

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Mbaveng, Armelle T; Kuete, Victor

2014-03-01

Naphthoquinone is a class of phenolic compounds derived from naphthalene. 7-Methyljuglone (7-MJ) is a naphthoquinone also known as ramentaceone or 6-Methyl-8-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone or 5-Hydroxy-7-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone or 7-Methyl-5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone or 5-Hydroxy-7-methyl-,1,4-naphtoquinone or 7-Methyl-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione. This compound is a biologically active naphtoquinone, with a molecular weight of 188 g/mol mostly isolated in the genus Diospyros and Euclea. This review was aimed at providing available chemically and pharmacological data on 7-MJ. The chemical and pharmacological data were retrieved from the well-known scientific websites such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Reaxys, Scirus, Scopus, Sciencedirect, Web-of-knowledge and Scifinder. 7-MJ was reported to have a variety of pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antitubercular, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. The hemi-synthesis of the compound have been described. The present review pooled out together the knowledge on 7-MJ, and can serve as the start point for future research and valorization accomplishments.

Fossil wood flora from the Siwalik Group of Arunachal Pradesh, India and its climatic and phytogeographic significance

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Srivastava, Gaurav; Mehrotra, R. C.; Srikarni, C.

2018-02-01

The plant fossil records from the Siwalik Group of Arunachal Pradesh, India are far from satisfactory due to remoteness and dense vegetation of the area. We report seven fossil woods of which three belong to the Middle Siwalik (Subansiri Formation), while the rest are from the Upper Siwalik (Kimin Formation). The modern analogues of the fossils from the Middle Siwalik are Lophopetalum littorale (Celastraceae), Afzelia-Intsia and Sindora siamensis (Fabaceae) and from the Upper Siwalik are Miliusa velutina (Annonaceae), Calophyllum tomentosum and Kayea (Calophyllaceae) and Diospyros melanoxylon (Ebenaceae). The dominance of diffuse porosity in the fossil woods indicates a tropical climate with low seasonality (little variation) in temperature, while a high proportion of large vessels and simple perforation plates in the assemblage infer high precipitation during the deposition of the sediments. The aforesaid inference is in strong agreement with the previous quantitative reconstruction based on fossil leaves. Several modern analogues of the fossil taxa are now growing in low latitudes possibly due to an increase in seasonality (increased variation) in temperature caused by the rising Himalaya.

Molecular Affinity of Mabolo Extracts to an Octopamine Receptor of a Fruit Fly

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Francoise Neil D. Dacanay

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Essential oils extracted from plants are composed of volatile organic compounds that can affect insect behavior. Identifying the active components of the essential oils to their biochemical target is necessary to design novel biopesticides. In this study, essential oils extracted from Diospyros discolor (Willd. were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS to create an untargeted metabolite profile. Subsequently, a conformational ensemble of the Drosophila melanogaster octopamine receptor in mushroom bodies (OAMB was created from a molecular dynamics simulation to resemble a flexible receptor for docking studies. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several metabolites, i.e. mostly aromatic esters. Interestingly, these aromatic esters were found to exhibit relatively higher binding affinities to OAMB than the receptor’s natural agonist, octopamine. The molecular origin of this observed enhanced affinity is the π -stacking interaction between the aromatic moieties of the residues and ligands. This strategy, computational inspection in tandem with untargeted metabolomics, may provide insights in screening the essential oils as potential OAMB inhibitors.

Analisis Laporan Keuangan Dalam Menilai Kinerja Perusahaan Pada Kelompok Industri Alas Kaki Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

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Nasution, Yasmi Chadijah

2010-01-01

The main purpose of this research is to know whether the finance performance in footwear industry that licency in BEI has reached the safety situation or not yet. The writer restricted the evaluation of finance performance by using ten finance ratios. The finance ratios consist of Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Inventory Turnover, Total Asset Turnover, Gross Profit Margin, Net Profit Margin, Return on Investment, Return on Equity, dan PER. The finance performance is evalua...

Penyuluhan Program Literasi Informasi Kesehatan dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Sanitasi bagi Masyarakat di Kaki Gunung Burangrang Kab. Bandung Barat

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Ditha Prasanti

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The ability of the community to access information needs is still uneven among urban people and rural communities. The ability to access information is an open door that must be open to be able to process and understand information, especially in this case is health information. Sanitation is one component of environmental health, a deliberate behavior to civilize a clean life to prevent humans directly touched with dirt and other hazardous waste materials, in the hope of maintaining and improving human health. Therefore, the authors perform Community Service activities entitled "Health Information Literacy Program Counseling in Improving the Quality of Sanitation for the Community at the foot of Mount Burangrang Kab. Bandung Barat." Community Service Activities has a purpose to produce outcomes, namely: 1 Provide concrete knowledge and insight about health information literacy in improving the quality of sanitation for people in West Bandung regency; 2 Providing comprehensive knowledge and insight about health information literacy in improving the quality of sanitation for people in West Bandung Regency. Method of PKM implementation conducted in this extension activity is ice breaking method; Workshop methods, lectures, and action studies.     Keywords: Counseling, Literacy, Information, Health, Sanitation, West Bandung

BEDA PENGARUH ARKUS KAKI TERHADAP KESEIMBANGAN STATIS ANAK USIA 9-12 TAHUN DI SD NEGERI MOJOLEGI, TERAS, BOYOLALI

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M. Syafi’i

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan  normal foot dan flat foot terhadap keseimbangan statis pada anak usia 9-12 tahun. Sejumlah 60 subyek sehat, terbagi menjadi dua kelompok. Masing- masing kelompok 30 orang. Kelompok I adalah Kelompok dengan kondisi arkus normal dan kelompok II adalah kondisi arkus flat foot. Dilakukan di SD Negeri Mojolegi, Teras, Boyolali. Dengan menggunakan alat ukur Wet Test dan One Legged Stance Test. Penelitian ini merupakan non eksperimental cross sectional design. Masing-masing kelompok diuji normalitas data dengan Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test pada Kelompok I menujukkan nilai p>0,05 maka data berdistribusi normal dan Kelompok II menunjukkan nilai p>0,05 maka data berdistribusi normal. Pada kedua kelompok diuji hipotesis dengan Independent T Test dengan hasil p<0,05 maka terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kondisi arkus normal dan kondisi arkus flatfoot dalam mempertahankan keseimbangan statis. Berdasarkan  analisis  statistik penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kondisi arkus normal dan kondisi arkus flatfoot dalam mempertahankan posisi keseimbangan statis.

HUBUNGAN SELF CARE DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS

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Reny Chaidir

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Indonesia merupakan daerah terbanyak nomor dua penderita diabets melitus di kawasan Asia Tenggara dengan angka kejadian sebesar 9,116.03 kasus. Puskesmas Tigo Baleh angka kunjungan penderita diabetes melitus pada tahun 2015 mengalami peningkatan yaitu sebesar 408 kunjungan. Pasien diabetes melitus rentan mengalami komplikasi yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan kadar gula darah. Peningkatan kadar gula darah dapat dicegah dengan melakukan self care terdiri dari pengaturan diet, olah raga, terapi obat, perawatan kaki, dan pemantauan gula darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan self care dengan kualitas hidup pasien diabetes mellitus. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan terhadap 89 orang responden dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA dan kuesioner The Diabetes Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory. Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan uji product moment (pearson correlation, diperoleh nilai r = 0.432. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara self care dengan kualitas hidup pasien diabetes melitus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tigo Baleh yang berbanding lurus dan memiliki tingkat korelasi yang sedang. Terdapat faktor yang mempengaruhi korelasi dengan kualitas hidup. Diharapkan agar pasien diabetes melitus dapat meningkatkan aktivitas self care sehingga dapat menjalankan kehidupan secara normal.

JALUR SEPEDA SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI SISTEM TRANSPORTASI KOTA YANG BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN

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A Artiningsih

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Menciptakan kota berwawasan lingkungan dapat diupayakan dengan mengurangi volume kendaraan, misalnya melalui penggunaan angkutan umum massal atau penggunaan kendaraan ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan sepeda sebagai kendaraan ramah lingkungan di Jakarta, telah diinisiasi oleh komunitas yang menerapkan gaya hidup berwawasan lingkungan, misalnya komunitas B2W (Bike to Work. Sepeda menjadi pilihan menarik karena biaya operasionalnya yang murah, dan kesanggupan memperpendek waktu tempuh di jalanan yang macet, serta kemampuannya bermanuver di sela-sela kendaraan lain. Namun sekarang ini jalur khusus sepeda, maupun lahan parkir khusus sepeda di per-kotaan masih terbatas. Akibatnya, muncul ancaman terhadap keselamatan pengguna sepeda, karena harus berkendara pada kondisi jalan tanpa pemisah jalur kendaraan bermotor dan tidak bermotor. Akibatnya ada okupansi pedestrian menjadi jalur sepeda, yang akhirnya mengancam keselamatan pe-jalan kaki. Banyak hal patut dipertanyakan. Apa urgensi jalur sepeda pada pengembangan infratruktur jalan di perkotaan? Apakah kemudian upaya pengembangan jalur sepeda tidak akan menjadi hal yang kontra produktif dalam penataan ruang? Mengingat, penciptaan kota berkelanjutan melalui perenca-naan dan pengelolaan sistem transportasi baru efektif jika terintegrasi dengan strategi pengelolaan penggunaan lahan dan lingkungan. Alokasi jalur sepeda di perkotaan bukanlah upaya yang berdiri sendiri, namun harus menjadi salah satu bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari rangkaian strategi pem-bangunan berkelanjutan yang dilakukan secara simultan.

Test of validity of a dynamic soil carbon model using data from leaf litter decomposition in a West African tropical forest

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Guendehou, G. H. S.; Liski, J.; Tuomi, M.; Moudachirou, M.; Sinsin, B.; Mäkipää, R.

2013-05-01

We evaluated the applicability of the dynamic soil carbon model Yasso07 in tropical conditions in West Africa by simulating the litter decomposition process using as required input into the model litter mass, litter quality, temperature and precipitation collected during a litterbag experiment. The experiment was conducted over a six-month period on leaf litter of five dominant tree species, namely Afzelia africana, Anogeissus leiocarpa, Ceiba pentandra, Dialium guineense and Diospyros mespiliformis in a semi-deciduous vertisol forest in Southern Benin. Since the predictions of Yasso07 were not consistent with the observations on mass loss and chemical composition of litter, Yasso07 was fitted to the dataset composed of global data and the new experimental data from Benin. The re-parameterized versions of Yasso07 had a good predictive ability and refined the applicability of the model in Benin to estimate soil carbon stocks, its changes and CO2 emissions from heterotrophic respiration as main outputs of the model. The findings of this research support the hypothesis that the high variation of litter quality observed in the tropics is a major driver of the decomposition and needs to be accounted in the model parameterization.

PEMBINAAN PEDAGANG MAKANAN KAKI LIMA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HIGIENE DAN SANITASI PENGOLAHAN DAN PENYEDIAAN MAKANAN DI DESA PENATIH, DENPASAR TIMUR

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I Nengah Sujaya

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Generally street vendor has little knowledge on hygiene and sanitation of food handling. Usually they trade in a night market or on street sides. There are two markets in Penatih Village that operate night market. Both markets located in a strategic location thus they have many visitors every day. In these two markets there are some vendors that need to be counseled and assisted in order to improve their knowledge on hygiene and sanitation of food handling. The counseling and assistance was conducted every week from 25 September to 10 October 2009, with 10 vendors as target participants. The venues were located in Penatih Market and Agung Market, Penatih Village, East Denpasar. The activities were conducted in the form of counseling and assisting during trading hours towards the participants in regards of hygiene and sanitation of food handling. In order to evaluate and measure the knowledge improvement of the participants, pre test and post test were carried out. The result shows that, most of participants have less knowledge on food additives in terms of usage, types and risk of usage. The participants have good knowledge on usage of clean water for utensil and food washing as well as knowledge on personal hygiene. It is recommended to conduct a continuous and regular counseling to street vendors with the involvement of local primary health care (puskesmas.

Enriquecimento artificial da diversidade de espécies em reflorestamentos: análise preliminar de dois métodos, transferência de serapilheira e semeadura direta - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v30i2.3629 Artificial enrichment of species diversity in restoration areas: preliminary test of two techniques, soil and litter transference and direct seeding - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v30i3.3629

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Alba Lúcia Cavalheiro

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Em paisagens fragmentadas, a colonização por novas espécies em reflorestamentos e capoeiras é dificultada pelas grandes distâncias das fontes de propágulos e a alta degradação do solo. Neste contexto, o enriquecimento artificial de reflorestamentos com espécies nativas de níveis sucessionais mais avançados torna-se imprescindível para garantir a sustentabilidade do ecossistema. Métodos como a transferência de serapilheira e solo de florestas maduras e a semeadura direta podem ser alternativas. Amostras de serapilheira e solo foram distribuídas em duas áreas de reflorestamento e uma área-controle, e nove espécies nativas não-pioneiras foram semeadas diretamente nas mesmas áreas e em dois controles. Da serapilheira, germinaram 14 espécies no controle: sete arbóreas, três herbáceas, duas lianescentes e duas arbustivas. As árvores são na maioria pioneiras e, portanto, de interesse limitado para o enriquecimento. Entretanto, as espécies não-arbóreas, importantes na diversidade de ecossistemas florestais, representaram metade dos indivíduos catalogados. Na semeadura direta, a espécie mais interessante foi Diospyros brasiliensis, com taxas de germinação de 50%. Achatocarpus pubescens e Cordia ecalyculata apresentaram resultados expressivos, apesar de heterogêneos. Os resultados mostram que são necessários estudos sobre a época de coleta da serapilheira e a influência do clima na germinação das sementes e emergência de plântulas.In fragmented landscapes, large distances from seed sources and strong soil degradation raises difficulties for colonization of new species in reforested areas and in early secondary forests. In this context, the artificial enrichment of reforestation areas with advanced successional level species is vital for the ecosystem sustainability. Methods like transference of soil and litter from mature forests and direct seeding may be alternatives. In this work, samples of surface soil and

USO DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS TECNOLÓGICAS DA MADEIRA PARA O AGRUPAMENTO DE ESPÉCIES FLORESTAIS

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Rafael Rodolfo Melo

2013-11-01

Full Text Available O trabalho teve como objetivos determinar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira de 30 espécies florestais oriundas do  Estado do  Rio Grande do Sul e avaliar as inter-relações destas propriedades  e a similaridade entre as espécies. Quanto  às  propriedades físicas  avaliaram-se  a massa específica, os coeficientes de retratibilidade linear  nos sentidos radial e tangencial  e, o coeficiente de retratibilidade volumétrico. Para as propriedades mecânicas foram realizados os ensaios de flexão estática (madeira  saturada  e  a 12% de umidade, compressão paralela às fibras (madeira  saturada e a 12% de umidade, tração perpendicular, cisalhamento, fendilhamento, dureza Janka e flexão dinâmica. Todos os ensaios foram conduzidos seguindo a norma brasileira de estruturas de madeira. A melhor estabilidade dimensional foi observada para  as espécies leiteiro (Sapium glandulosum e timbaúva (Enterolobiumn contortisiliquum. Já  a  maior resistência  mecânica  foi obtida pelo pessegueiro-bravo (Prunus subcoriacea e maria-preta (Diospyros inconstans. Na análise de inter-relações entre as propriedades, a massa específica foi a que teve o maior número de correlações significativas. A análise de Cluster foi uma ferramenta eficaz para o agrupamento das madeiras considerando suas similaridades.Palavra-chave: tecnologia da madeira, propriedades físico-mecânicas, qualidade da madeira.GROUPING OF FOREST SPECIES BY TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WOODS ABSTRACTThis work aimed to evaluate the  physical and mechanical properties  of 30 Southern-Brazilian woods, interrelationships and similarity of these properties. For the physical properties were evaluated the basic density and shrinkages (radial, tangential and volumetric. For the mechanical properties were evaluated the static  bending, parallel compression, perpendicular traction, shear, splitting,  Janka hardness and dynamic bending. These tests were

NUTRITION ANEMIA AND PHYSICAL ENDURANCE AMONG CIVIL CONSTRUCTION WORKERS

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Darwin Karyadi

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Penyelidikan ini adalah untuk membuktikan suatu hypothesa bahwa ada pengaruh dari keadaan gizi dan kesehatan terhadap kemampuan bekerja para pekerja. Sejumlah 571 pekerja laki-laki telah dipilih dari tiga daerah tempat bekerja yaitu : Rentang, Seladarma (pembuatan canalj Halim Perdanakusuma (pembuatan lapangan terbang Didapatkan bahwa seluruh pekerja mempunyai nilai gizi yang borderline dan tidak ada perbedaan didalam keadaan fisik mereka, namun masih terdapat rata-rata 30 percent menderita anemia. Anemia banyak disertai dengan rendahnya kadar Iron darah pada pekerja di Rentang dan Seladarma hal ini tidak terdapat pada pekerja di Halim. (Table 4. Mengenai infeksi cacing terutama cacing tambang maka diseluruh pekerja menderita infeksi cacing tersebut tingkat pertama yaitu infeksi ringan yang tidak akan mempengaruhi keadaan fisik kecuali hanya kekurangan Iron didalam darah. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan bekerja maka telah dipakai Harvard Step Test Scores selama 5 menit. Dan ternyata bila pekerja-pekerja tersebut dibagi dua group yaitu yang diatas dan yang dibawah nilai Hb. 11 Gm/100 ml maka terdapat perbedaan yang menyolok sekali atas kemampuan pekerja tersebut didalam melakukan test fisik. Hal ini sesuai dengan penyelidikan Veteri. Perlu juga disini diketahui bahwa pekerja berasal dari Rentang dan Seladarma lebih banyak menggunakan tenaga kaki oleh karena selalu naik dan turun canal. Kesimpulan penyelidikan ini adalah adanya pengaruh yang positip antara faktor makanan dan infeksi cacing dengan kemampuan bekerja yang dewasa ini amat diperlukan didalam pembangunan negara.

Possessive pour in the French Lexicon of the Ivory Coast and Language Contact

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Akissi Boutin, Béatrice

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Any variationist study of Ivory Coast French needs to take into account sociolinguistic considerations and systemic features of other contact languages. For instance, there is a specific usage of pour against which the interference hypothesis can easily be tested:FI: Le kaki que je porte présentement, c'est pour un bachelier qui me l'a laissé avant de partir en fac, cadeau. (Lafage 2003: 676. Avant de te moquer du linge de ta voisine, regarde si pour toi est propre..In Ivory Coast French, pour (N/Pro can display a variety of functions: it can be part of associative predications, it can stand for genitive phrases in an anaphoric construction, make reference to an object in relation with another and participate in various idiomatic expressions.This paper has a twofold objective. First, I argue that pour (N/Pro constructions has to be analysed as an empty headed "associative" noun phrase. Second, I will show the relevance of extra- AND intersystemic factors in accounting for language variation. Incidentally, the use of pour (N/Pro constructions seems to be conditioned by the availability of similar constructions in other Ivory Coast languages on the one hand, such as baoule (o liε or dioula (à tá, and, cultural needs on the other.

Studies on the effect of environmental conditions and gamma rays on the capability of certain plant pathogenic fungi to produce the enzyme degrading tannic acid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daigham, Gh.E.E.

2011-01-01

Tannins (polyphenols and catechins) are distributed in species throughout the plant kingdom. They are commonly found in both gymnosperms as well as angiosperms. Histologically tannins are mainly physically located in the vacuoles or surface wax of plants. These storage sites keep tannins active against plant predators. Tannins themselves are found principally in the bark, leaves and immature fruits of a wide range of plants. They form complexes with proteins and other plant polymers such as polysaccharides. It is thought that the role of tannins in nature is one of the plant defense mechanisms. They have an astringent, aversive taste that is off-putting to wannabe herbivores. As an animal or insect begins to munch on plant tissues, the tannins are released from cellular compartments and bind with the proteins and other cell components, making them taste unpleasant and rather indigestible. Tannins are found in many foods and drinks such as tea plant, pomegranates, persimmons (kaki), berries (especially cranberries, strawberries and blueberries), nuts (especially hazelnuts, walnuts and pecans), beer, herbs and spices (especially cloves, tarragon, cumin, thyme, vanilla and cinnamon), legumes (especially red colored beans) and chocolate (6% tannins). It is worth to mention that apple juices, grape juices and berry juices are all high in tannins. Sometimes tannins are even added to juices to create a more astringent feel to the taste

Index of Relative Importance of the Dietary Proportions of Sloth Bear (Melursus ursinus in Semi-Arid Region

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Tana P. MEWADA

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Characterisations of the Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus diet during three distinguished seasons (monsoon, winter and summer in the semi-arid region of western India was under study. Diet was estimated using scat analysis, based on the calculation of Index of Relative Importance (IRI in order to determine the contribution of different food items in the Sloth bear diet. Sloth bears were observed to feed on a wide variety of prey items. They are specialized on insect prey, particularly termites or ants, and are considered as myrmecophagous. The myrmecophagousis character was confirmed by the highest score of insect part (IRI = 21.37 from the samples (n = 566, which was followed by Diospyros melanoxylon (IRI Score 13.51, Ficus spp. (IRI score 12.69 and Cassia fistula (IRI Score 10.13. Sloth bear dietary proportions varied among the three seasons under the study interval. Data suggested that the Sloth bear is essentially behaving as an omnivore, having similar diet (in terms of high incidence of wild fruits and insects with the bears inhabiting semi-arid regions. The opportunistic and generalist strategy of selecting diet ingredients has probably helped the species to survive in semi-arid habitat across the North Gujarat.

PENULARAN FILARIASIS DI PEMUKIMAN TRANSMIGRASI KUMPEH, JAMBI DITINJAU DARI ASPEK SOSIO ANTROPOLOGI

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M. Sudomo

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Study on the socio-cultural aspects in relation to filariasis transmission dynamics was carried out in the transmigration area of Kumpeh, Iambi. In this study a number of 266 respondents originated from Java were interviewed. Beside interview by using questionnaires, focus group discussions and observation were also implemented. From this study it was known that the word "filariasis" seemed to be unpopular among the transmigrants. They used to called the disease untut or penyakit kaki gajah. A great number of the respondents stated that the disease is transmitted through mosquito bites, but they did not know the mode of the transmission. A small number of the respondents were of the opinion that the disease was hereditary and this knowledge was adopted from the local inhabitants. The attitude of the respondents towards filariasis control measures was positive, and it was shown among others, by their willingness to be bled for filariasis examination. Their behaviour in its connection with filariasis transmission was not supportive towards filariasis control e.g. they used to stay in the ladang, and chat outdoor during the night without protection against mosquito bites. From this study it was also known that they exposed themselves to the mosquito bites mainly in the ladang when they take guard of their crops from pests damages. Their low education affected their perception towards filariasis and will hamper health education on filariasis control.

PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN TAMAN WISATA KULINER DI KABUPATEN ENREKANG

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Burhanuddin Burhanuddin

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Abstrak_ Potensi kuliner Kabupaten Enrekang menjadi perhatian pemerintah terhadap pengembangan  pariwisata sangat  besar  terutama pada jalur menuju Tanatoraja. Maka diperlukan sebuah perancangan taman wisata kuliner di Enrekang. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode desktriptif melalui studi literatur, studi preseden, dan studi lapangan dengan melakukan survey langsung ke lapangan untuk mengamati dan menganalisis lingkungan sekitar tapak. Perancangan menggunakan konsep Arsitektur Kontemporer berupa konsep  perancangan  dalam  merancang  kawasan  taman wisata kuliner, terdiri dari: zoning/ peruntukan lahan (land use, bentuk dan massa bangunan (building from and massing, sirkulasi dan parkir (circulation and parking, jalur pejalan kaki (pedestrian ways, ruang terbuka (open space, dan penanda (signage. Kata kunci : Wisata Kuliner, Konsep Koneporer, Enrekang.   Abstract_Culinery’s Potency in Enrekang Regency is the government's attention to the enormous tourism development especially on the path to go to Tanatoraja. In this case, it is needed a design of culinary tourism area in Enrekang. The method used is descriptive method through literature study, precedent study, and field study by conducting direct survey to the field to observe and analyze the environment around the site. The design using the concept of Contemporary Architecture includedof design concept in designing culinary tourism area, consists of: zoning / land use (land use, shape and building mass (building from and massing, circulation and parking (circulation and parking, pedestrian path (pedestrian ways, open space (space, and signage (signage. Keywords: Culinary Tour, Concept of Koneporer, Enrekang.

Gambaran Respon Anak Usia Prasekolah dalam Menjalani Proses Transfusi

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Meila Sabridatia Putri

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Tindakan transfusi darah yang dilakukan pada anak usia prasekolah yang mengalami talasemia membuat anak merasa terancam. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh anak dengan berbagai respon (kognitif, afektif, fisiologis, perilaku dan sosial anak prasekolah dalam menjalani proses transfusi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran respon kognitif, afektif, fisiologis, perilaku dan sosial pada anak usia prasekolah dalam menjalani proses transfusi di Poli Talasemia RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan sample sebanyak 50 orang selama periode 3–13 Juni 2014 diambil dengan teknik insidental sampling. Hasil penelitianini dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus distribusi frekuensiPenelitian yang sudah dilakukan, didapatkan hasil respon yang paling banyak ditunjukkan oleh anak prasekolah ketika proses transfusi berlangsung adalah hampir seluruhnya menunjukkan respon sosial (84% dengan jenis respon terbanyak ialah meminta dukungan emosional pada orang yang bermakna, hampir seluruhnya menunjukkan respon afektif (74% dengan jenis respon terbanyak adalah mengeluarkan ekspresi verbal, sebagian besar menunjukkan respon perilaku (66% dengan jenis respon terbanyak adalah memukul-mukulkan lengan dan kaki dan juga respon kognitif (72% dengan jenis respon terbanyak gelisah, dan hampir setengahnya dari responden menunjukkan respon fisiologis (34% dengan jenis respon terbanyak bernapas cepat. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa presentase respon terbesar yang dikeluarkan oleh anak usia prasekolah berupa respon sosial dengan jenis meminta dukungan emosional pada orang bermakna. Saran bagi instansi pendidikan dan rumah sakit untuk bisa berkontribusi mengembangkan asuhan keperawatan pada orang yang paling dekat pada anak sebelum tindakan invasif.

Biology and occurrence of Inga Busk species (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) on Cerrado host plants.

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Diniz, Ivone R; Bernardes, Carolina; Rodovalho, Sheila; Morais, Helena C

2007-01-01

We sampled Inga Busk species caterpillars weekly in the cerrado on 15 plants of Diospyros burchellii Hern. (Ebenaceae) from January 2002 to December 2003, on 30 plants of Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) from July 2003 to June 2004, and since 1991 on several other plant species. In total we found 15 species of Inga on cerrado host plants. Nine species were very rare, with only one to five adults reared. The other six species occurred throughout the year, with higher abundance during the dry season, from May to July, coinciding with overall peaks of caterpillar abundance in the cerrado. Caterpillars of the genus Inga build shelters by tying and lining two mature or old leaves with silk and frass, where they rest and develop (a common habit found in Oecophorinae). The final instar builds a special envelope inside the leaf shelter, where it will complete the larval stage and pupate. The species are very difficult to distinguish in the immature stages. External features were useful in identifying only four species: I. haemataula (Meyrick), I. phaecrossa (Meyrick), I. ancorata (Walsingham), and I. corystes (Meyrick). These four species are polyphagous and have wide geographical distributions. In this paper we provide information on the natural history and host plants of six Inga species common on cerrado host plants, for which there are no reports in the literature.

In vitro studies on the sensitivity pattern of Plasmodium falciparum to anti-malarial drugs and local herbal extracts.

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Olasehinde, Grace I; Ojurongbe, Olusola; Adeyeba, Adegboyega O; Fagade, Obasola E; Valecha, Neena; Ayanda, Isaac O; Ajayi, Adesola A; Egwari, Louis O

2014-02-20

The resistance of human malaria parasites to anti-malarial compounds has become considerable concern, particularly in view of the shortage of novel classes of anti-malarial drugs. One way to prevent resistance is by using new compounds that are not based on existing synthetic antimicrobial agents. Sensitivity of 100 Plasmodium falciparum isolates to chloroquine, quinine, amodiaquine, mefloquine, sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine, artemisinin, Momordica charantia ('Ejirin') Diospyros monbuttensis ('Egun eja') and Morinda lucida ('Oruwo') was determined using the in vitro microtest (Mark III) technique to determine the IC50 of the drugs. All the isolates tested were sensitive to quinine, mefloquine and artesunate. Fifty-one percent of the isolates were resistant to chloroquine, 13% to amodiaquine and 5% to sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine. Highest resistance to chloroquine (68.9%) was recorded among isolates from Yewa zone while highest resistance to amodiaquine (30%) was observed in Ijebu zone. Highest resistance to sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine was recorded in Yewa and Egba zones, respectively. A positive correlation was observed between the responses to artemisinin and mefloquine (P0.05). Highest anti-plasmodial activity was obtained with the ethanolic extract of D. monbuttensis (IC50 = 3.2 nM) while the lowest was obtained from M. lucida (IC50 = 25 nM). Natural products isolated from plants used in traditional medicine, which have potent anti-plasmodial action in vitro, represent potential sources of new anti-malarial drugs.

Pigment content (chlorophyll and carotenoids) in 37 species of trees and shrubs in northeastern mexico during summer season

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez, H.G.; Avendano, E.; Maiti, R.; Kumari, C.A.

2017-01-01

Plant pigments play an important role in plant assimilatory systems and plant growth. A study was undertaken to determine chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids contents of thirty seven species of trees and shrubs in summer season, in Linares, northeastern Mexico. Large variations were observed in the contents of chlorophyll (a, b and total) and also carotenoids among species. Chlorophyll a was minimum (around 0.6 mg) in Leucophyllum frutescens and Acacia berlandieri and maximum (1.8 mg) in Ebenopsis ebano. Chlorophyll b was minimum in Forestiera angustifolia, Acacia berlandieri, and Leucophyllum frutescens (0.1 to 0.2 mg), while Ebenopsis ebano contained maximum (0.4 mg). Carotenoids content was minimum (around 0.2 mg) in Leucophyllum frutescens, Acacia berlandieri and Parkinsonia aculeata and others but maximum value (around 0.6 mg) was observed in Berberis trifoliata. Total chlorophyll (a+b) content minimum values (around 0.6 mg) were recorded in Leucophyllum frutescens, Forestiera angustifolia, Croton suaveolens and Acacia berlandieri, while maximum value (around 2 mg) was obtained in Ebenopsis ebano. Maximum values of chlorophyll (a:b) ratio (around 7) was seen in Forestiera angustifolia, Salix lasiolepis followed by Diospyros texana (around 6). The ratio of total chlorophyll/carotenoids was maximum in Parkinsonia aculeata (nearing 8), while minimum value was obtained in Berberis trifoliata (around 2). (author)

Perhitungan Biaya Produksi Ayam Bakar Dengan Metode Full Costing (Studi Kasus Ayam Bakar Kaki Lima Jalan Dr. Mansyur Iii Padang Bulan Medan)

OpenAIRE

Marthsari, Rica

2016-01-01

To avoid errors in the calculation of cost of production and cost efficient to produce required an appropriate method. The exact method used in calculating the cost of production is the full costing method. As for the problem of this research is an error in the calculation of production costs generated often causes the price is set too low or too high. This resulted in an incompatibility of the expected profit with the actual profit we earn. The purpose of this study is to analyze the prod...

Penilaian Tingkat Keberhasilan Relokasi PKL di Kawasan Pasar Waru Dan Simpang Lima, Semarang

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Ummi Hanifah

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Abstrak: Di Kota Semarang jumlah PKL setiap tahunnya semakin meningkat dan mulai memberikan dampak negatif karena menempati ruang publik. Artikelini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat keberhasilan implementasi penertiban PKL menurut pandangan pedagang dan pemerintah serta faktor penyebabnya. Kebijakan penertiban PKL yang menjadi fokus penelitian adalah program relokasi PKL Citarum dan Kartini ke Pasar Waru serta program penataan sarana aktivitas PKL Simpang Lima. Pelaksanaan relokasi PKL dinilai sulit dilaksanakan karena terjadi penolakan dan menganggap Pasar Waru tidak representatif untuk berdagang. Sedangkan pelaksanaan penataan PKL Simpang Lima tergolong cukup lancar. Namun setelah adanya penataan, pendapatan pedagang justru semakin menurun. Berdasarkan analisis diketahui bahwa menurut pedagang dan pemerintah relokasi telah berhasil pada aspek fisik namun tidak berhasil pada aspek ekonomi.Kata kunci: Relokasi, pedagang kaki lima, SemarangAbstract: The number of street vendors in the city of Semarang is increasing every year and starting to give a negative impact because they occupy public space. This study aims to assess whether the implementation is successful from the point of view of the government as well as its contributing factor. The focus of this research are the relocation of Citarum and Kartini street vendors to Waru Market and the facility planning for Simpang Lima street vendors. The street vendor relocation is considered difficult to implement due to the vendors’ rejection; whereas, the planning of street vendor facilities in Simpang Lima is considered as succesful. However, after the relocation, the revenue of the merchants decreased. The analysis shows that the relocation is successful in physical aspect only but unsuccessful in economic aspect.Keywords:Relocation, street vendors, Semarang.

Sebaran Nyamuk Vektor Di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, Provinsi Jambi

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Yanelza Supranelfy

2017-02-01

Full Text Available AbstractMosquito-borne disease still a public health problem, both in urban and rural areas, such as: dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF, malaria, lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis, chikungunya and japanese encephalitis. Muaro Jambi is one of regencies in Jambi Province were found to vector borne diseases. The aim of this study is to get more information about the mosquito diversity in Muaro Jambi Regency for comprehensive data. The activities carried out are catching mosquitoes at night using human landing and resting collection methods. There were a total of 1.722 mosquitoes of four genera were collected (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and Mansonia that consists of 24 species. The results of this study give additional information on the diversity of mosquitoes found in Muaro Jambi Regency.Keywords: Mosquito, vector, Muaro Jambi RegencyAbstrakPenyakit yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk masih merupakan masalah kesehatan bagi masyarakat, baik di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan, seperti demam berdarah dengue (DBD, malaria, filariasis (kaki gajah, chikungunya dan japanese encephalitis. Muaro Jambi merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Jambi yang ditemukan beberapa penyakit tular vektor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menambah informasi mengenai fauna nyamuk di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi untuk mendapatkan data yang komprehensif. Kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu penangkapan nyamuk pada malam hari dengan metode human landing collection dan nyamuk istirahat (resting collection. Sebanyak 1.722 ekor nyamuk berhasil diangkap yang terdiri dari empat genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex dan Mansonia meliputi 24 spesies. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan tambahan informasi mengenai keragaman nyamuk yang ditemukan di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi.Kata Kunci: Nyamuk, vektor, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi

The physical environment and major plant communities of the Karoo National Park, South Africa

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Francine Rubin

1996-08-01

Full Text Available The major plant communities of the Karoo National Park are described using the methods of the Zurich-Montpellier school of phytosociology, to assist with the formulation of a management strategy for the park. The vegetation physiognomy consists of Montane Karoo grassy shrublands. Karoo grassy dwarf shrublands. Karoo succulent dwarf shrublands and riparian thicket. Steep elevation and precipitation gradients within the study area have a direct impact on gradients in the vegetation. High elevation (1 800 m, and relatively high rainfall (406 mm montane grasslands occupy communities dominated by grasses (Merxmuellera disticha, Themeda triandra and woody species (Diospyros austro-africana, Elytropappus rhinocerotis, Euryops annae, Passerina montana. The increasing aridity away from the escarpment edge in a northerly direction is steep, and Montane Karoo dwarf shrublands replace these mesic communities. Species such as Eriocephalus ericoides, Rosenia oppositifolia and Pteronia tricephala dominate. At lower elevation (800 m the precipitation is very low (175 mm and uncertain (coefficient of variation of 78 . The substrata influence the vegetation, with the sandy substrata of the drainage lines supporting more woody taxa (Acacia karroo, Lycium cinereum and grasses (Hyparrhenia hirta, Stipagrostis namaquensis, Cenchrus ciliaris. Moving away from the mesic environment of the riparian zone, rapid desiccation occurs and the most xeric communities are encountered, dominated by Stipagrostis obtusa, S. ciliata and Pent-da incana. This document provides descriptions of the general communities and their associated landscape, lithology and soils.

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN MOTIVASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI PADA INDUSTRI ALAS KAKI PT. BO KYUNG PASURUAN

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Wahyu Budi Priyanto

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Compensation is also self motivation factor for employees, where those things end in high-low level of work result or performance. This research purposes to test the effect of transformational leadership style, compensation, and motivation of employee’s performance, motivation as an effect mediator from transformational leadership style and compensation to employee’s performance in PT. Bo Kyung Pasuruan. This research is explanatory. In this research uses 96 samples from 2719 employees that work in PT. Bo Kyung Pasuruan. The result of Partial Least Square (PLS this research shows that transformational leadership style is positively effected but not significant to motivation and employee’s performance. Motivation affect transformational leadership style of employee’s performance, and motivation does not influence compensation of employee’s performance in PT. Bo Kyung Pasuruan.

The content of some of the essential elements in the fruit of the (Diospyros L. persimmon of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden collection

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С. Ю. Хохлов

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The article mentions that the special attention is deserved by such persimmon varieties being included into the collection of Garden: Nikita Burgundy – the most famous of the hardiest varieties, widely used in industrial horticulture grade foreign breeding Hana Fuyu and a new, high-yielding variety of domestic breeding Souvenir of Autumn. Plant varieties included into the studying, grow in the same conditions at the collection site, which is located 200 meters from the coast at a height of 20-40 m above its level. Trees are 15 years old, planting scheme is 6x6 meters. The selected varieties belong to the group of constant tart on their quality whose fruits are edible only when fully ripe Varieties are characterized by high winter hardiness and disease resistance, which allows minimizing the chemicals using for plants treating and creates the conditions for organic food. The chemical composition fruits studying of three oriental persimmons varieties have performed high content of potassium, so it affords their using as a general tonic. The obtained results have revealed that according to the content of essential elements the leading fruit of variety Souvenir Autumn is considered to be, the less valuable are fruits of Nikita Burgundy, and Hana Fuyu fruits on this indicator are intermediate.

Community structure and floristic composition of Quercus fusiformis and Carya illinoinensis forests of the Northeastern Coastal Plain, Coahuila, Mexico Estructura y composición florística de los bosques de Quercus fusiformis y Carya illinoinensis de la planicie costera del noreste, Coahuila, México

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Juan Antonio Encina-Domínguez

2011-06-01

Full Text Available In order to describe community structure and richness in oak and walnut forests occurring along the San Rodrigo, San Diego, Escondido and Arroyo de las Vacas rivers on the Northeastern Coastal Plain (NE Coahuila, Mexico, we established 30 1 000-m² circular plots, where we measured diameter at breast height (DBH and tree heights. Tree regeneration and herb and shrub stratum were assessed in 5 2-m² quadrats per site. A total of 48 species distributed in 29 families were recorded. Families with the largest richness were Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Malvaceae. For the oak forest, tree stratum density and basal area values were 386 stems/ha and 24.36 m²/ha, respectively, whereas for the walnut forest the corresponding values were 302 stems/ha and 21.26 m²/ha. The species with the highest relative importance values were Quercus fusiformis (59.48% and Carya illinoinensis (57.58%. Total tree richness was 14 species, the most common ones being Celtis reticulata and Diospyros texana, followed closely by C. illinoinensis and Q. fusiformis. Anthropogenic impact appears to result in a poor regeneration reflected as a low sapling density, as well as in the reduction and fragmentation of these communities; in turn, this process has led to intrusions of species typical of the xerophytic Tamaulipan Thorn Scrub. Further studies are needed on the regeneration of the dominant species of these forests in order to describe their dynamics and to promote their preservation.Con la finalidad de conocer la estructura y la composición florística de los bosques de encino y nogal situados a lo largo de los ríos San Rodrigo, San Diego, Escondido y Arroyo de las Vacas en la planicie costera nororiental (NE de Coahuila, México, se establecieron 30 parcelas circulares de 1 000 m² en las que se midió el DAP y la altura de las especies arbóreas; además, se evaluó la regeneración de las especies arbóreas y el estrato herbáceo y arbustivo en 5 cuadros de 2 m² por sitio

Population density of mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) on fruit orchards in south Baghdad

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khalaf, M. Z.; Shbar, A. K.; Naher, F. H.; Jabo, N. F.; Abdulhamza, B. H.; Abod, R. S.

2012-12-01

In the recent years the mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata distributed in the orchards of central Iraq and caused highly economic losses. This study was conducted in orchards in South Baghdad during 2009 and 2010 and made field survey of the insect in four types of orchards (Citrus, Apricot, Figs and Citrus and A mixture of fruit trees) and used for this purpose tephri traps supplied with Q-Lure and dimethyl dichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVP). The present preliminary study has shown that the Mediterranean fruit fly C.capitata has a year round presence in fruit orchards in central Iraq and reached its highest numerical density of the pest in citrus orchards during November and December were 345 and 363 insect / Trap per month in citrus orchards and the least numerical density during of January and February while the highest numerical density of the insect in orchards of orchards of apricot in Mrch 2010, Figs and Citrus in August 2009 and a Mixture of fruit trees in November 2009 were 45, 116, 311 Insect/ trap per month respectively. The population density of the pest was highest beginning 2010 compared with 2009 , but the high temperature degree (46 - o 5 2) in August 2010 caused a decrease in population density of this pest. C.capitata caused highly economic losses in citrus reaching 68, 71, 82% of the Mandarin, Kaki, Apricot fruits respectively. Currently in Iraq no control method to reduce the economic losses caused by this pest except the use of pesticides GF-120. Therefore, results of this study could be of benefit for orcharch owners when applying an integrated program for controlling fruit fly pests. (Author)

Endemic plants harbour specific Trichoderma communities with an exceptional potential for biocontrol of phytopathogens.

Science.gov (United States)

Zachow, Christin; Berg, Christian; Müller, Henry; Monk, Jana; Berg, Gabriele

2016-10-10

Trichoderma strains exhibit enormous potential for applications in biotechnology, in particular as biocontrol agents against pathogens. However, little is known about the diversity of plant-associated Trichoderma communities at a global scale and their antagonistic spectrum. In order to gather information about structure and function, we compared Trichoderma biomes of endemic (Aeonium, Diospyros, Hebe, Rhododendron) and cosmopolitan plants (Zea mays) in a global study encompassing the area Northwest Africa to New Zealand via the European Alps and Madagascar. At the quantitative level we found no differences between cosmopolitan and endemic plants. Statistically significant differences were detected at the qualitative level: Trichoderma populations of endemic plants were highly specific and diverse with hot spots appearing in Madagascar and New Zealand. By contrast, maize plants from all sites shared the majority of Trichoderma species (65.5%). Interestingly, the high above ground biodiversity in ecosystems containing endemic plants was confirmed by a high below ground Trichoderma diversity. Despite the differences, we found a global Trichoderma core community shared by all analysed plants, which was dominated by T. koningii and T. koningiopsis. Amplicon-based network analyses revealed a high similarity between maize Trichoderma grown world-wide and distinct populations of endemic plants. Furthermore, Trichoderma strains from endemic plants showed a higher antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens compared to maize-associated strains. Our results showed that endemic plants are associated with a specific Trichoderma microbiome which possesses a high antagonistic activity indicating that it has potential to be used for biocontrol purposes. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Can Scientific Evidence Support Using Bangladeshi Traditional Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Diarrhoea? A Review on Seven Plants

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Wangensteen, Helle; Klarpås, Line; Alamgir, Mahiuddin; Samuelsen, Anne B. C.; Malterud, Karl E.

2013-01-01

Diarrhoea is a common disease which causes pain and may be deadly, especially in developing countries. In Bangladesh, diarrhoeal diseases affect thousands of people every year, and children are especially vulnerable. Bacterial toxins or viral infections are the most common cause of the disease. The diarrhoea outbreaks are often associated with flood affected areas with contaminated drinking water and an increased risk of spreading the water-borne disease. Not surprisingly, plants found in the near surroundings have been taken into use by the local community as medicine to treat diarrhoeal symptoms. These plants are cheaper and more easily available than conventional medicine. Our question is: What is the level of documentation supporting the use of these plants against diarrhoea and is their consumption safe? Do any of these plants have potential for further exploration? In this review, we have choosen seven plant species that are used in the treatment of diarrhoea; Diospyros peregrina, Heritiera littoralis, Ixora coccinea, Pongamia pinnata, Rhizophora mucronata, Xylocarpus granatum, and Xylocarpus moluccensis. Appearance and geographical distribution, traditional uses, chemical composition, and biological studies related to antidiarrhoeal activity will be presented. This review reveals that there is limited scientific evidence supporting the traditional use of these plants. Most promising are the barks from D. peregrina, X. granatum and X. moluccensis which contain tannins and have shown promising results in antidiarrhoeal mice models. The leaves of P. pinnata also show potential. We suggest these plants should be exploited further as possible traditional herbal remedies against diarrhoea including studies on efficacy, optimal dosage and safety. PMID:23698166

SCREENING OF THE ACARICIDAL EFFICACY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL EXTRACTS ON THE CATTLE TICK Rhipicephalus (Boophilus microplus (Acari: ixodidae BY LARVAL IMMERSION TEST

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Jose Alberto Rosado-Aguilar

2009-11-01

Full Text Available The objective of the study was to determine the acaricidal efficacy of selected native plants from Yucatán, Mexico on acaricide resistant larvae of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus microplus. Methanolic extracts from roots, leaves, stems, and stem barks of 15 plants were tested using the modified larval immersion test. A final concentration of 10% (100 mg/ml of plant crude-extract was used. The percentage mortality from different plants and extracts were: Petiveria alliacea  leaves (95.7±2.9 % and stems (99.2±0.5 %; Diospyros anisandra leaves (87.9±8.6 % and stem bark (98.8±1.0 %; Havardia albicans leaves (93.0±12.0 %, Caesalpinia gaumeri (90.1±4.8 % and Capraria biflora (86.6±9.9 %, stems of Solanum tridinamum (98.0±1.7 % and Solanum erianthum (97.8±1.8 %, stem bark of Bursera simaruba (99.1±0.7 % and Cassearia corymbosa (99.5±0.5 %; and the root of Ocimum micrantun (87.0±3.2 %. We concluded that plants from Yucatan, Mexico showed a high acaricidal efficacy that could be used to control R. (B. microplus acaricide resistant larvae. P. alliacea, Havardia albicans and Caesalpinia gaumeri were of the most encouraging plants to be used as an acaricide. Further studies are needed to evaluate these plants on adult ticks (in vivo conditions and to identify the active compound(s on R. (B. microplus.

Can scientific evidence support using Bangladeshi traditional medicinal plants in the treatment of diarrhoea? A review on seven plants.

Science.gov (United States)

Wangensteen, Helle; Klarpås, Line; Alamgir, Mahiuddin; Samuelsen, Anne B C; Malterud, Karl E

2013-05-22

Diarrhoea is a common disease which causes pain and may be deadly, especially in developing countries. In Bangladesh, diarrhoeal diseases affect thousands of people every year, and children are especially vulnerable. Bacterial toxins or viral infections are the most common cause of the disease. The diarrhoea outbreaks are often associated with flood affected areas with contaminated drinking water and an increased risk of spreading the water-borne disease. Not surprisingly, plants found in the near surroundings have been taken into use by the local community as medicine to treat diarrhoeal symptoms. These plants are cheaper and more easily available than conventional medicine. Our question is: What is the level of documentation supporting the use of these plants against diarrhoea and is their consumption safe? Do any of these plants have potential for further exploration? In this review, we have choosen seven plant species that are used in the treatment of diarrhoea; Diospyros peregrina, Heritiera littoralis, Ixora coccinea, Pongamia pinnata, Rhizophora mucronata, Xylocarpus granatum, and Xylocarpus moluccensis. Appearance and geographical distribution, traditional uses, chemical composition, and biological studies related to antidiarrhoeal activity will be presented. This review reveals that there is limited scientific evidence supporting the traditional use of these plants. Most promising are the barks from D. peregrina, X. granatum and X. moluccensis which contain tannins and have shown promising results in antidiarrhoeal mice models. The leaves of P. pinnata also show potential. We suggest these plants should be exploited further as possible traditional herbal remedies against diarrhoea including studies on efficacy, optimal dosage and safety.

Comparing Floristic Diversity between a Silviculturally Managed Arboretum and a Forest Reserve in Dambulla, Sri Lanka

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B. D. Madurapperuma

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Repeated slash and burn cultivation creates wasteland with thorny shrubs, which then takes a long time to become secondary forests through serial stages of succession. Assisted natural regeneration through silvicultural management is a useful restoration method to accelerate succession. This survey evaluates the effectiveness of a simple silvicultural method for the rehabilitation of degraded lands to productive forest, thereby increasing floristic wealth. Field-based comparative analyses of floristic composition were carried out at a silviculturally managed forest (Popham Arboretum and a primary forest (Kaludiyapokuna Forest Reserve which is located in Dambulla in Sri Lanka. Floristic analysis was used to examine the effectiveness of silvicultural techniques for successful restoration of degraded forest in the dry zone. Nine 20 m × 20 m plots in each forest were enumerated and the vegetation ≥ 10 cm girth at breast height was quantitatively analyzed. Cluster analysis resulted in five distinguishable clusters (two from Popham Arboretum and three from Kaludiyapokuna Forest Reserve. Similarity indices were generated to compare the plots within and between sites. Floristic similarity was higher in forest reserve plots compared to arboretum plots. A total of 72 plant species belonging to 60 genera and 26 families were recorded from the study sites. Of the recorded species, Grewia damine and Syzygium cumini (Importance Value Index, IVI = 24 and 23 respectively were the ecologically co-dominant taxa at the Popham Arboretum. In contrast, Mischodon zeylanicus (IVI = 31, Schleichera oleosa (IVI = 25 and Diospyros ebenum (IVI = 21 were the abundant taxa in the forest reserve.

Can Scientific Evidence Support Using Bangladeshi Traditional Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Diarrhoea? A Review on Seven Plants

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Karl E. Malterud

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Diarrhoea is a common disease which causes pain and may be deadly, especially in developing countries. In Bangladesh, diarrhoeal diseases affect thousands of people every year, and children are especially vulnerable. Bacterial toxins or viral infections are the most common cause of the disease. The diarrhoea outbreaks are often associated with flood affected areas with contaminated drinking water and an increased risk of spreading the water-borne disease. Not surprisingly, plants found in the near surroundings have been taken into use by the local community as medicine to treat diarrhoeal symptoms. These plants are cheaper and more easily available than conventional medicine. Our question is: What is the level of documentation supporting the use of these plants against diarrhoea and is their consumption safe? Do any of these plants have potential for further exploration? In this review, we have choosen seven plant species that are used in the treatment of diarrhoea; Diospyros peregrina, Heritiera littoralis, Ixora coccinea, Pongamia pinnata, Rhizophora mucronata, Xylocarpus granatum, and Xylocarpus moluccensis. Appearance and geographical distribution, traditional uses, chemical composition, and biological studies related to antidiarrhoeal activity will be presented. This review reveals that there is limited scientific evidence supporting the traditional use of these plants. Most promising are the barks from D. peregrina, X. granatum and X. moluccensis which contain tannins and have shown promising results in antidiarrhoeal mice models. The leaves of P. pinnata also show potential. We suggest these plants should be exploited further as possible traditional herbal remedies against diarrhoea including studies on efficacy, optimal dosage and safety.

Sistem Informasi Penjualan Boneka Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus: Asrama Boneka Unilak

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Eddis Syahputra Pane

2017-05-01

Full Text Available AbstrakSistem penjualan boneka di asrama boneka selama ini dilakukan dengan cara bekerja sama dengan toko-toko boneka dan pedagang boneka di kaki lima yang membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam memasarkan boneka tersebut sehingga dinilai kurang efektif dan efesien. Lambatnya perkembangan penjualan karena kurangnya promosi Asrama Boneka kepada masyarakat sehingga tidak semua kalangan masyarakat mengenal perusahaan ini. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan suatu sistem infomasi penjualan berbasis web atau internet yang dapat membantu dalam memasarkan boneka sehingga transaksi penjualan dapat dilakukan dengan cepat dimana saja dan kapan saja oleh semua kalangan masyarakat. Tujuan pembangunan sistem informasi penjualan boneka ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi tentang boneka yang dipasarkan secara detail kepada calon pembeli sehingga mempermudah calon pembeli mendapatkan informasi yang dibutuhkan; lebih memperkenalkan  asrama boneka kepada semua kalangan masyarakat sehingga dapat memperluas jangkauan pemasaran dengan tujuan dapat meningkatkan penjualan. Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi Penjualan, Web Abstract Sales system in a dorm dolls doll has been done by working together with shops and traders stuffed doll in the sidewalk that takes a long time in the doll market that is considered less effective and efficient. The slow development of sales due to lack of promotion Dormitory doll to the public so that not all people know this company. Therefore needed a web-based sales information system or the internet that can help in marketing the doll so that the transaction can be done quickly anywhere and anytime by all circles of society. The development objective of this doll sales information system is to provide information about the dolls marketed in detail to prospective buyers making it easier for potential buyers to get the information needed; introduce boarding doll to all the community so that it can expand your marketing reach with the aim to increase

Mode Choice of Undergraduates : A Case Study of Lecture Trips in Nigeria.

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Moses Olaniran Olawole

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Travel behavior and determinants of mode choice of university students in Nigeria are neither well understood nor well represented in literature. This study model is modal choice of undergraduates, using data from students travel survey and logistic regression to determine factors influence modal choice of undergraduate students in Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The results indicate that walking dominate modes for on-campus and commercial bus for off-campus students, while motorcycles taxi is used by few of the sample. Mode choices are influenced by a combination of socio-economic and trip factors. A key finding is extent that these variables positively affect the odds of using walk and commercial bus modes especially with reference to student residence: on and off-campus.  The results suggest investment in pedestrian infrastructure and development of intermodal transport system as a means of making the university livable and attractive. Abstrak Kebiaasaan perjalanan dan penentu moda dari mahasiswa di Nigeria tidak juga dipahami dengan baik atau dijelaskan dalam literatur. Model penelitian ini adalah pemilihan moda mahasiswa menggunakan data dari survei perjalanan mahasiswa dan regresi logistik untuk menentukan faktor penyebab pilihan moda dari mahasiswa di Universitas Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Hasilnya menunjukkan berjalan mendominasi pilihan untuk ke kampus dan kendaraan bus umum untuk mahasiswa di luar kampus, sementara sepeda motor taksi digunakan oleh beberapa sample. Pilihan cara dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi dari sosial-ekonomi dan faktor kunjungan. Inti penelitian adalah luasnya variabel positif mempengaruhi peluang dari berjalan dan kendaraan bus umum terutama rujukan ke asrama mahasiswa, dalam maupun luar kampus. Hasil penelitian menyarankan investasi pada infrastruktur pejalan kaki dan pengembangan dari sistem transportasi antarmoda sebagai sarana membuat universitas layak huni dan menarik.

DESAIN FURNITURE PADA LABORATORIUM PENDIDIKAN SENI RUPA

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Agus Nursalim

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana membuat desain furniture yang memenuhi standard Antrophometry dan Ergonomy untuk Laboratorium Pendidikan Seni Rupa. Penelitian mengkaji tingkat kenyamanan furniture yang dipakai mahasiswa ketika sedang praktikum di studio. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengenai standard kenyamanan pembutan desain furniture yang akan digunakan mahasiswa sebagai perlengkapan praktikum pada laboratorium Pendidikan Seni. Bentuk Penelitian ini adalah penelitian diskriftif dengan metode kwalitatif. Temuan awal dalam penelitian ini adalah: dimensi ergonomics dan antropometrics mahasiswa pendidikan seni rupa memiliki nilai X(mean masih dibawah standard International (rekomendasi: Dreyfuss dalam buku “:The Measure of Man” dengan standard deviasi 1.96 dengan persentil 2.5 dan persentil 97.5 masih dalam batas normal (Data Tabel 4.7 dan Tabel 4.8: dimensi antropomotrics mahasiswa Angkatan 20122013. Centre of grafity atau moment of grafity mahasiswa ketika praktikum dengan duduk bertumpu pada pantat dan daerah kerja normal pada rentang 72.4-87.5. Sedangkan mahasiswa yang melakukan praktikum dengan berdiri bertumpu pada kaki dengan angular motion dan siku bebas bergerak (SBB pada rentang 183.92212.9 (data Tabel 4.2-Tabel 4.5:Data Ergonomi Mahasiswa Angkatan 2012-2013 sesuai dengan rekomendasi C.G. Drury dalam „Journal Apllied Ergonomics’. Vol.13, p.135. masih dalam tingkat nyaman. Hasil temuan ini kemudian digunakan sebagai pertimbangan awal dalam membuat desain Furniture pada studio Pendidikan Seni Rupa. Dengan demikian mahasiswa merasakan kenyamanan dalam melakukan praktikum di Studio Pendidikan Seni Rupa dengan menggunakan furniture yang ada. Untuk itu furniture harus didesain yang adjustable. Kenyamanan Furniture berpengaruh signifikan terhadap prestasi mahasiswa. Desain furniture yang dibuat Adjustable diantaranya etsel untuk melukis, Meja kerja studio dasar, Kursi kerja untuk melukis, meja putar pada

FAUNA DAN TEMPAT PERKEMBANGBIAKAN POTENSIAL NYAMUK Anopheles spp DI KECAMATAN MAYONG, KABUPATEN JEPARA, JAWA TENGAH

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Mardiana Mardiana

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Malaria masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di beberapa daerah pedesaan di Jawa Tengah. Usaha pemberantasan malaria telah dilakukan oleh program baik secara kimiawi maupun hayati, guna memutuskan rantai penularan. Penelitian fauna dan tempat perindukan potensial nyamuk Anopheles telah dilakukan di Desa Buaran, Kecamatan Mayong I, Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Penangkapan nyamuk dengan umpan orang dilakukan di dalam dan di luar rumah pada malam hari dari pukul 18.00-24.00 yang masing-masing dilakukan oleh dua orang kolektor. Penangkapan nyamuk yang istirahat di dalam dan luar rumah (vegetasi pada pagi hari dilakukan pukul 06.00-08.00, yang dilakukan satu bulan 4 kali penangkapan selama 6 bulan. Pengambilan larva dan pupa dilakukan dari pukul 06.00-08.00 pagi di tempat genangan air dan sawah serta tempat yang potensial diduga sebagai perindukan Anopheles. Hasil penangkapan selama 6 bulan, diperoleh 1248 ekor nyamuk Anopheles yang terdiri dari 6 spesies yaitu: An. aconitus 442 ekor (35,42%, An. annularis 69 ekor (5,53% , An. barbirostris 30 ekor (2,4%, An. maculatus 2 ekor (0,16%, An. tesselatus 5 ekor (0,40% dan An. vagus 700 ekor (56,09%. Populasi aconitus ditemukan dari penangkapan di luar rumah, pada bulan Juli (56,40%, Agustus (42,80% dan Oktober (39,50% sedangkan pada bulan Mei (52,9%, Juni (44% dan September (50,40% dari penangkapan di kandang sapi. Pengambilan larva dan pupa Anopheles dilakukan di tempat habitat seperti sawah yang pada bulan Aguslus terbanyak ditemukan sebesar 85 (1.70, di sungai ditemukan hanya 4 (0.08 serta di genangan air bekas telapak kaki/kobokan ditemukan sebesar 6 (0.12. Ternyata tempat perindukan yang potensial larva Anopheles pada musim kemarau, ditemukan pada sungai yang ditanami kangkung oleh masyarakat selempat. Kata kunci: Fauna, tempat perindukan, Anopheles, vector

PENGGUNAAN METODE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS DALAM MENGANALISA FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMILIHAN MODA KE KAMPUS

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Kardi Teknomo

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Limitation of parking spaces in Petra Christian University need to be solved by deterring private cars usage. However, the factors that affect students to choose their mode to campus are unknown. Determination of factors that influence mode choices may support alternatives and policy that could be proposed. Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to analyze the factors. Trips characteristics data of the students was collected by questionnaires interview. The results of the analysis show that the main factors that influence student to choose their mode to campus is security (49,3% and time (27,3%. Walking from student dormitory was the best alternative (33.2%, while carpool (16% is slightly lower than private cars usage (18%. Vanpool (12.4% is lower than carpool. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Lahan parkir di Universitas Kristen Petra yang terbatas, memerlukan solusi alternatif yang mengalihkan penggunaan kendaraan pribadi. Permasalahannya, faktor-faktor apa yang menyebabkan mahasiswa memilih menggunakan mobil pribadi daripada alternatif moda yang lain belum diketahui. Dengan menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan moda, serta besar pengaruhnya, berbagai alternatif dan kebijakan untuk menurunkan kebutuhan akan lahan parkir, dapat diusulkan dengan lebih efektif. Metoda Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP dapat dipergunakan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor pemilihan moda. Data karakteristik perjalanan dilakukan dengan wawancara berkuisioner kepada mahasiswa Universitas Kristen Petra yang mempunyai kemungkinan untuk melakukan pilihan terhadap alternatif-alternatif moda yang ada. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama yang mempengaruhi pemilihan moda untuk berangkat kuliah adalah faktor keamanan (49,3% dan faktor waktu (27,3%. Ditinjau dari berbagai faktor, alternatif jalan kaki dari pondokan merupakan alternatif yang terbaik (33,2%, sedangkan carpool (16%, sedikit lebih rendah daripada penggunaan mobil pribadi (18%. Angkutan kampus (antar

Pemodelan Desain Sol Sepatu dengan Inovasi Penambahan Wave Spring

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Redyarsa Dharma Bintara

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Desain sepatu sport berkembang pesat dengan tujuan mengurangi cedera dan meningkatkankenyamanan pengguna. Pengurangan cedera dilakukan dengan cara memperbesar energi yangdiserap dari beban akibat pengguna berlari atau melompat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukanpenambahan wave spring yang digunakan sebagai mekanisme penyerap beban.Pemodelandilakukan pada sol sepatu dengan menggunakan bantuan software finite element method (FEMAnsys 14.5 Academic. Model awal dilakukan untuk mengetahui batas deformasi sol sepatu yangakan dimanfaatkan sebagai input model berikutnya yaitu model dengan diberikan inovasipenambahan wave spring. Analisa difokuskan pada sol sepatu bagian belakang (tumit kaki.Darihasil simulasi, didapatkan bahwa penyerapan energi sol sepatu dengan penambahan wave springlebih besar daripada penyerapan energi sol sepatu tanpa penambahan wave spring, sehinggapenambahan wave spring memungkinkan untuk diaplikasikan pada sol sepatu sport.Kata kunci: Penyerapan energi, wave spring, sol sepatu. Sport shoe design had been developed rapidly with the purpose to reduce injuries and increaseuser comfort. Reduction of injury is done by enlarging the energy absorbed from the user running orjumping load. In this study, the addition of the wave spring is used as the load absorbingmechanism. The shoes sole is modeled by using finite element method (FEM software Ansys 14.5Academic. Initial model was conducted to determine the deformation boundary in soles which willbe used as input to the next model for the wave spring addition innovation. Analysis focused onshoe sole on heel foot. From the simulation results, it was found that the energy absorption shoessoles with the addition of the wave spring is greater than the energy absorption soles without theaddition of wave spring. It can be concluded that the addition of a spring wave can be applied to thesoles of sports shoes.Keywords: Energy absorb, wave spring, shoe sole, deformation boundary

Hydraulic responses to extreme drought conditions in three co-dominant tree species in shallow soil over bedrock.

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Kukowski, Kelly R; Schwinning, Susanne; Schwartz, Benjamin F

2013-04-01

An important component of the hydrological niche involves the partitioning of water sources, but in landscapes characterized by shallow soils over fractured bedrock, root growth is highly constrained. We conducted a study to determine how physical constraints in the root zone affected the water use of three tree species that commonly coexist on the Edwards Plateau of central Texas; cedar elm (Ulmus crassifolia), live oak (Quercus fusiformis), and Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei). The year of the study was unusually dry; minimum predawn water potentials measured in August were -8 MPa in juniper, less than -8 MPa in elm, and -5 MPa in oak. All year long, species used nearly identical water sources, based on stable isotope analysis of stem water. Sap flow velocities began to decline simultaneously in May, but the rate of decline was fastest for oak and slowest for juniper. Thus, species partitioned water by time when they could not partition water by source. Juniper lost 15-30 % of its stem hydraulic conductivity, while percent loss for oak was 70-75 %, and 90 % for elm. There was no tree mortality in the year of the study, but 2 years later, after an even more severe drought in 2011, we recorded 34, 14, 6, and 1 % mortality among oak, elm, juniper, and Texas persimmon (Diospyros texana), respectively. Among the study species, mortality rates ranked in the same order as the rate of sap flow decline in 2009. Among the angiosperms, mortality rates correlated with wood density, lending further support to the hypothesis that species with more cavitation-resistant xylem are more susceptible to catastrophic hydraulic failure under acute drought.

Florística e estrutura da comunidade arbórea de um fragmento florestal em Luminárias, MG Floristic composition and structure of the tree layer of a forest fragment in Luminárias Municipality, Minas Gerais State

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Luciene Alves Rodrigues

2003-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a composição florística e estrutural da comunidade arbórea de uma floresta em Luminárias, MG. O local de estudo é conhecido como Mata do Galego, possui cerca de 77 ha e está localizado a 21°29'S e 44°55'W, às margens do rio Ingaí. A amostragem florística foi realizada em parcelas e também em caminhadas pela floresta. Todo o material coletado foi identificado e incorporado ao Herbário ESAL, da Universidade Federal de Lavras. O levantamento estrutural foi realizado por meio de amostragem sistemática, em 32 parcelas de 20 × 20m, distribuídas em três transeções, da margem do rio até a borda da mata. Nas parcelas, foram amostrados todos os indivíduos arbóreos, vivos, com circunferência à altura do peito (CAP ≥ 15,5 cm. As variáveis químicas e físicas do solo foram obtidas das análises de amostras superficiais de solo (0-20 cm de cada parcela. No levantamento florístico foram amostradas 201 espécies, 129 gêneros e 57 famílias. As famílias com maior riqueza foram Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Fabaceae Faboideae, Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae e Fabaceae Mimosoideae. No levantamento estrutural foram amostrados 2343 indivíduos de 159 espécies, 104 gêneros e 50 famílias. As espécies mais abundantes foram Casearia sylvestris, Lithraea molleoides, Machaerium stipitatum, Faramea cyanea, Diospyros inconstans e Copaifera langsdorffii. A Mata do Galego apresentou alta diversidade de espécies (H' = 4,23 nat/indivíduo e alta equabilidade (J' = 0,83. A alta diversidade de espécies pode estar relacionada à influência de formações vegetais próximas e aos diferentes microhabitats proporcionados pela topografia, variações na fertilidade e umidade do solo.The aim of this study was to analyze the floristic composition and structure of the tree layer of a forest fragment in the municipality of Luminárias, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. The forest fragment is locally known as Mata do

Factors Related to Soil Transmitted Helminth Infection on Primary School Children

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Liena Sofiana

2018-01-01

Sleman dengan teknik total sampling yaitu 60 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-squre. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa mencuci tangan sebelum makan (sig= 0,010; RP= 3,850, mencuci tangan setelah buang air besar (sig= 0,007; RP= 4,571, kebersihan kuku (sig= 0,179; RP= 2,138, kebiasaan memakai alas kaki (sig= 0,008; RP= 3,714, dan perilaku buang air besar (sig= 0,004; RP= 4,000. Disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara mencuci tangan sebelum makan, mencuci tangan setelah BAB, kebiasaan memakai alas kaki, dan perilaku buang air besar dengan infeksi STH pada anak-anak sekolah dasar  Moyudan Sleman, sementara kebersihan kuku tidak memiliki hubungan dengan infeksi STH. Kata kunci: Infeksi STH, faktor risiko, sekolah dasar ABSTRACT Infeksi Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH is the third ranks of the top 10 common infectious diseases in the world with an incidence rate of about 1.4 billion per year. The incidence of STH in Indonesia is still quite high. This figure occurs in primary school students of 60-80%, while for all ages of 40% -60%. The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to STH infection in elementary school children at primary school of Moyudan Sleman. The type of research used was analytic observational with the cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all students of class I, II, and III in Moyudan Sleman primary school with total sampling technique of 60 respondents. Data analysis used chi-square. The test results showed that the habit of hand washing before eating (sig= 0.010; RP= 3.850, the habit of hand washing  after defecating(sig= 0.007; RP= 4.571, nail hygiene (sig= 0.179; RP= 2.138, the habit of wearing footwear (sig= 0.008; RP= 3.714, and bowel habits (sig= 0.004; RP= 4.000. It can be concluded that there was a relationship between hand washing before eating, hand washing after defecating, the habit of wearing footwear, bowel habits and STH infection on the students of Moyudan Sleman primary school but there was no

Pengelolaan Asuhan Keperawatan Dan Penatalaksanaan Pencegahan Ulkus Diabetik Pada Klien Diabetes Millitus Dengan Terapi Senam Kaki di Dusun VIII Desa Marindal I Kecamatan Patumbak Kabupaten Deli Serdang

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Pasaribu, Indah Septiani

2016-01-01

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by a rise in blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia. and impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, caused by a relative deficiency of insulin or absolute. nyang one of the most common complication in patients with diabetes mellitus are the complications of the foot or diabetic ulcers which often occurs in the legs. based on the results of interviews with local community leaders and didapatkakun observation that p...

Musik Internal dan Eksternal dalam Kesenian Randai

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Sri Rustiyanti

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Kehidupan musik pada masyarakat Minangkabau tidak terlepas adanya peranan serta fungsi yang melekat pada kesenian Randai. Melalui pendekatan etnomusikologi, tulisan ini menelaah peranan musik internal dan eksternal dalam kesenian Randai. Kesenian ini menggunakan medium seni ganda atau kolektif karena didukung oleh beberapa cabang seni antara lain tari, musik, teater, sastra, dan rupa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa musik iringan dalam Randai terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu musik internal dan musik eksternal. Musik internal adalah musik atau bunyi-bunyian yang berasal dari anggota tubuh manusia (penari, misalnya tepukan tangan, petik jari, tepuk dada, siulan, hentakan kaki ke tanah dan sebagainya, sedangkan musik eksternal adalah bunyi-bunyian atau suara yang berasal dari alat musik atau instrumen seperti talempong, gandang, saluang, dan rabab.   The Role of Internal and External Music in the Arts of Randai. The musical life in Minangkabau society is inseparable from its roles and functions which attach to the arts of Randai. Through the ethnomusicology approach, this paper examines the role of internal and external music in the art of Randai. Considering its sustainability and amendment, the musicality is the identity of Minangkabau society so that the sustainability of the music can be run in accordance with the dynamics of society today. Among the types of arts in Minangkabau, Randai is an art form that uses multiple or collective art medium for it is supported by several branches of the arts, including dance, music, theater arts, literary arts, and fine arts. The results of this study is more focused on the art of music. Musical accompaniment in Randai is divided into two, namely internal and external music. The internal music is the music or the sounds that come from the human body (a dancer, for example, clapping, finger picking, patting the chest, whistling, stomping on the ground, and so on, while the external music is the sounds

KARAKTER FISIK DAN SOSIAL REALESTAT DALAM TINJAUAN GERAKAN NEW URBANISM

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Timoticin Kwanda

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Rapid urbanization will be critical to urban environments. The immediate and most critical urban environment problems facing several big cities, such as Jakarta and Surabaya, what are referred to as the "brown" problems, among them: lack of safe water, pollution from vehicles and industrial facilities, and congestion. To cope with these urban environmental problems, New Urbanism through the Traditional Neighborhood Development (TND believes that it will cure the problems by pedestrian oriented planning, encouraging people to drive less, mixed land uses, higher density, then traffice congestion is reduced,and mitigate air pollution. Moreover, the other physical and social characters are mixed housing types, front porches, more park that will encourage more interaction, then restore a sense of community. Based on this concept, this paper discusses the physical and social characters of real estates in Jakarta and Surabaya. The results show that real estate developments in these suburban areas is one of the causes of urban environment problems. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Cepatnya urbanisasi akan menyebabkan lingkungan perkotaan yang kritis. Masalah lingkungan kritis yang dihadapi oleh kota-kota besar seperti Jakarta dan Surabaya adalah apa yang disebut dengan masalah "warna coklat" yaitu kurangnya air yang sehat, polusi udara yang berasal dari kendaraan bermotor dan industri, serta kemacetan lalu lintas. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah lingkungan ini, gerakan New Urbanism melalui konsep Traditional Neighborhood Development (TND percaya bahwa masalah lingkungan ini dapat diatasi dengan perencanaan permukiman yang berorientasi pada pejalan kaki, multi fungsi, kepadatan tinggi, sehingga mengurangi kendaraan bermotor dan berakibat pada berkurangnya kemacetan lalu lintas dan polusi udara. Karakter fisik dan sosial lainnya adalah multi tipe rumah, taman publik yang lebih banyak dan rumah berteras depan yang akan mendorong interaksi sosial dalam lingkungan

Opini Komunitas Warga Sekitar Tentang Maraknya Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL (Studi Deskriptif Analitis Tentang Opini Komunitas Warga Sekitar Pkl – Tamansari, Kepatihan, Dan Dalem Kaum – Kota Bandung

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Neni Yulianita

2005-09-01

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui, mengkaji, dan menganalisis faktor 7“K” yang dirasakan komunitas warga sekitar, akibat maraknya PKL, sehingga tanggapan yang diekspresikan mereka dapat menjadi masukan bagi Humas Pemerintah Kota Bandung dalam upaya mensosialisasikan kebijakan pemerintah tentang PKL khususnya dalam merumuskan konsep  community relations berkaitan dengan 7 “K” yang dirasakan oleh komunitas warga sekitar terhadap maraknya PKL tersebut. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah: pada umumnya opini komunitas warga sekitar terhadap maraknya PKL, dilihat dari faktor 7“K”  sangatlah bervariasi di antara opini positif dan negatif, Dalam arti, untuk responden tertentu penilaiannya sangat relatif tergantung dari persepsi masing-masing dan atas dasar pengalaman masing-masing dengan para PKL tersebut. Dengan demikian tidak sepenuhnya berada pada kecenderungan tertentu yang bersifat negatif atau positif. Oleh karena itu dari opini tersebut selanjutnya dapat berkembang untuk diyakini tentang adanya kemungkinan di antara kedua belah pihak saling membina hubungan, dan pemerintah memfasilitasi hubungan tersebut dalam kebijakan-kebijakannya.

Large Scale Screening of Ethnomedicinal Plants for Identification of Potential Antibacterial Compounds

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Sujogya Kumar Panda

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The global burden of bacterial infections is very high and has been exacerbated by increasing resistance to multiple antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance leads to failed treatment of infections, which can ultimately lead to death. To overcome antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to identify new antibacterial agents. In this study, a total of 662 plant extracts (diverse parts from 222 plant species (82 families, 177 genera were screened for antibacterial activity using the agar cup plate method. The aqueous and methanolic extracts were prepared from diverse plant parts and screened against eight bacterial (two Gram-positive and six Gram-negative species, most of which are involved in common infections with multiple antibiotic resistance. The methanolic extracts of several plants were shown to have zones of inhibition ≥ 12 mm against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration was calculated only with methanolic extracts of selected plants, those showed zone of inhibition ≥ 12 mm against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Several extracts had minimum inhibitory concentration ≤ 1 mg/mL. Specifically Adhatoda vasica, Ageratum conyzoides, Alangium salvifolium, Alpinia galanga, Andrographis paniculata, Anogeissus latifolia, Annona squamosa, A. reticulate, Azadirachta indica, Buchanania lanzan, Cassia fistula, Celastrus paniculatus, Centella asiatica, Clausena excavate, Cleome viscosa, Cleistanthus collinus, Clerodendrum indicum, Croton roxburghii, Diospyros melanoxylon, Eleutherine bulbosa, Erycibe paniculata, Eryngium foetidum, Garcinia cowa, Helicteres isora, Hemidesmus indicus, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Lannea coromandelica, Millettia extensa, Mimusops elengi, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Oroxylum indicum, Paederia foetida, Pterospermum acerifolium, Punica granatum, Semecarpus anacardium, Spondias pinnata, Terminalia alata and Vitex negundo were shown to have significant antimicrobial

Large Scale Screening of Ethnomedicinal Plants for Identification of Potential Antibacterial Compounds.

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Panda, Sujogya Kumar; Mohanta, Yugal Kishore; Padhi, Laxmipriya; Park, Young-Hwan; Mohanta, Tapan Kumar; Bae, Hanhong

2016-03-14

The global burden of bacterial infections is very high and has been exacerbated by increasing resistance to multiple antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance leads to failed treatment of infections, which can ultimately lead to death. To overcome antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to identify new antibacterial agents. In this study, a total of 662 plant extracts (diverse parts) from 222 plant species (82 families, 177 genera) were screened for antibacterial activity using the agar cup plate method. The aqueous and methanolic extracts were prepared from diverse plant parts and screened against eight bacterial (two Gram-positive and six Gram-negative) species, most of which are involved in common infections with multiple antibiotic resistance. The methanolic extracts of several plants were shown to have zones of inhibition ≥ 12 mm against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration was calculated only with methanolic extracts of selected plants, those showed zone of inhibition ≥ 12 mm against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Several extracts had minimum inhibitory concentration ≤ 1 mg/mL. Specifically Adhatoda vasica, Ageratum conyzoides, Alangium salvifolium, Alpinia galanga, Andrographis paniculata, Anogeissus latifolia, Annona squamosa, A. reticulate, Azadirachta indica, Buchanania lanzan, Cassia fistula, Celastrus paniculatus, Centella asiatica, Clausena excavate, Cleome viscosa, Cleistanthus collinus, Clerodendrum indicum, Croton roxburghii, Diospyros melanoxylon, Eleutherine bulbosa, Erycibe paniculata, Eryngium foetidum, Garcinia cowa, Helicteres isora, Hemidesmus indicus, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Lannea coromandelica, Millettia extensa, Mimusops elengi, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Oroxylum indicum, Paederia foetida, Pterospermum acerifolium, Punica granatum, Semecarpus anacardium, Spondias pinnata, Terminalia alata and Vitex negundo were shown to have significant antimicrobial activity. The species

Ecology, Impact and Potential Control of Solanum mauritianum in Kenya

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Hitimana, J; Mutiso, F.M; Kipiapi, J.L; Sang, F.K

2007-01-01

Solanum mauritianum is considered as an invasive plant with unknown economic value, fast growing and aggressive gap colonizer associated with forest disturbance. It belongs to the family of Solanaceae and can grow to over 20 m in height. It is native to Southern America and threatens integrity of several natural forest in Western kenya. Surveys were undertaken in 1998 and 2005/2006 at mount Elgon and Kakamega forests to evaluate the species ecology, spread and impact on other tree species. Total enumeration of seedlings, saplings and mature individuals was done over two 1-ha-blocks in each forest. The total number of 0.1 ha plots sampled was 20 per forest in relatively lightly and heavily disturbed areas. The results the species the species relative dominance in Mount Elgon increased from 1.0% in 1998 to 48.9% in 2006, out competing the regeneration of other trees. For example at Labaa, the once dominant Diospyros abyssinica with 36% relative dominance in 1998 declined to 1.9% in 2006. This threat to the health of ecosystems is not yet noticeable in Kakamega forest where the weed relative stocking was 0.2%. A strong positive correlation (n=5, r s =0.9, p=0.95) between S. mauritianum established and charcoal burning still exists in Mount Elgon. Thorough literature review and field observations confirmed about the characteristics of s. mauritanium as weed. Proliferation strategies and opportunities underlying the successive invasion by weed have been reviewed and elements of an integrated, multidisciplinary effort to control the adverse impact of the weed in forest and outside forests identified. Measures to check the invasiveness of these species include include reducing forest gaps, monitoring it's reproductive biology to eliminate mother trees before seeding, educative campaigns to prevent local communities from domesticating this species on their farms, research programme on S. mauritianum to understand causes of it's competitive advantage over others and search

Antimicrobial, Anthelmintic, and Antiviral Activity of Plants Traditionally Used for Treating Infectious Disease in the Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India.

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Panda, Sujogya K; Padhi, Laxmipriya; Leyssen, Pieter; Liu, Maoxuan; Neyts, Johan; Luyten, Walter

2017-01-01

In the present study, we tested in vitro different parts of 35 plants used by tribals of the Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR, Mayurbhanj district, India) for the management of infections. From each plant, three extracts were prepared with different solvents (water, ethanol, and acetone) and tested for antimicrobial ( E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans ); anthelmintic ( C. elegans ); and antiviral ( enterovirus 71 ) bioactivity. In total, 35 plant species belonging to 21 families were recorded from tribes of the SBR and periphery. Of the 35 plants, eight plants (23%) showed broad-spectrum in vitro antimicrobial activity (inhibiting all three test strains), while 12 (34%) exhibited narrow spectrum activity against individual pathogens (seven as anti-staphylococcal and five as anti-candidal). Plants such as Alangium salviifolium, Antidesma bunius, Bauhinia racemosa, Careya arborea, Caseria graveolens, Cleistanthus patulus, Colebrookea oppositifolia, Crotalaria pallida, Croton roxburghii, Holarrhena pubescens, Hypericum gaitii, Macaranga peltata, Protium serratum, Rubus ellipticus , and Suregada multiflora showed strong antibacterial effects, whilst Alstonia scholaris, Butea monosperma, C. arborea, C. pallida, Diospyros malbarica, Gmelina arborea, H. pubescens, M. peltata, P. serratum, Pterospermum acerifolium, R. ellipticus , and S. multiflora demonstrated strong antifungal activity. Plants such as A. salviifolium, A. bunius, Aporosa octandra, Barringtonia acutangula, C. graveolens, C. pallida, C. patulus, G. arborea, H. pubescens, H. gaitii, Lannea coromandelica, M. peltata, Melastoma malabathricum, Millettia extensa, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, P. serratum, P. acerifolium, R. ellipticus, S. multiflora, Symplocos cochinchinensis, Ventilago maderaspatana , and Wrightia arborea inhibit survival of C. elegans and could be a potential source for anthelmintic activity. Additionally, plants such as A. bunius, C. graveolens, C. patulus, C. oppositifolia, H. gaitii, M. extensa

RESPON PENDOPO JOGLO YOGYAKARTA TERHADAP GETARAN GEMPA BUMI

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Bisatya W. Maer

2008-01-01

Full Text Available After May 2006 earthquake the two Pendopo Joglo buildings in Yogyakarta, as displayed in figure 1A and 1B, were showed different failures. In Pendopo Joglo 1A, the sokoguru was broken right under the sunduk kili causing the building to collapse. On the other hand, in Pendopo Joglo 1B case, the sakaguru was slipped but still remained on its position on the umpak so the building did not collapse. The structure differences between the two buildings were the support system used for each building. Pendopo Joglo 1A used pen and hole in the sokoguru base to act as pin joint support, while in Pendopo Joglo 1B, the sokoguru was only placed on the umpak, so it could slip if the earthquake shook it. The slip (as in 1B case restrained the earthquake vibration as could be learned in base isolator technology. This writing is not a study based on field observation but an analysis about the two buildings different responses to the earthquake vibration which was caused by the different support character. This analysis is based on Static Equivalent Earthquake Load Analysis and is using qualitative method. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia: Dua buah bangunan Pendopo Joglo di Yogyakarta pada gambar 1A dan 1B mengalami kerusakan berbeda setelah kejadian gempa bumi bulan Mei 2006. Pada Pendopo Joglo 1A sokoguru patah tepat dibawah sunduk-kili dan bangunan runtuh, sedangkan pada pendopo joglo 1Bsokoguru bergeser posisinya pada tumpuan umpak, tapi bangunan tidak runtuh. Perbedaan struktur kedua bangunan terletak pada sistem tumpuannya, yaitu Pendopo Joglo 1A menggunakan tumpuan sendi berupa pen dan lubang di kaki sokogurunya, sedangkan pada pendopo joglo1B sokoguru hanya diletakkan diatas umpak sehingga dapat bergeser apabila digetarkan gempa. Pergeseran ini memberikan sifat meredam getaran gempa yang dapat dipelajari dari teknologi base-isolator. Tulisan ini bukan sebuah penelitian yang didasarkan pada fakta lapangan, tapi berisi analisis tentang perbedaan respon kedua

DISTROFI MUSKULAR DUCHENNE

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Iskandar Syarif

2009-09-01

Full Text Available AbstrakAnak laki-laki umur 10 tahun 9 bulan dirawat di bangsal anak RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dengan keluhan sukar berdiri sejak 2 tahun yang lalu. Riwayat penyakit sekarang adalah pasien sering kram otot betis dan jika mau berdiri, berjongkok terlebih dahulu, kedua tangan bertumpu pada kedua lutut (manuver Gowers sejak usia 3 tahun. Pasien sering jatuh ketika berjalan sejak usia 5 tahun dan dada mulai tampak membusung ke depan. Sejak usia 8 tahun harus di bantu untuk berdiri dan berjalan dengan posisi kaki berjinjit. Riwayat keluarga dengan kelainan otot tidak ada. Pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan lordosis, pseudohipertropi m.gastrocnemeus, kekuatan otot ekstremitas inferior berkurang dari normal. pemeriksaan kadar creatine kinase meningkat yaitu 1860 U/L (normal : 24- 170 U/L. elektromiogram menyokong untuk miopati dengan gambaran gelombang positif, fibrilasi, amplitudo rendah dan pontensial polifasik. Biopsi otot tidak dilakukan karena keluarga menolak. Pada pasien ini diberikan prednison 0,75 mg/kg BB/hari, suplemen kalsium dan vitamin D.Kata kunci : distrofi muskular duchenne, manuver Gowers, creatine kinaseAbstractA 10 years and 9 months old boy was hospitalized in Pediatric Department of Dr.M. Djamil Hospital Padang with chief complaint need help for standing since 2 years ago. The Symptons were he had recurrent cramps and needing to turn onto his front and rise to standing from the floor using a broad-based stance with the support of his hand on his thigh (Gowers maneuver since seven years ago. He often fall when he walked and appearance lordotic posture since five years old. Since eight years old he needed for standing and walking with his toes. The patient was born with vaccum extraction, with body birth weight 2900 grams, full term. No family history of muscle disease. Physical examination founded lordosis, pseudohypertrophy of the calves, weakness of muscles of inferior extremities with sensory was normal. Level of creatine kinase was

DIVERSIFIKASI OLAHAN BERBASIS IKAN PATIN DI DESA JINGAH HABANG HILIR KECAMATAN KARANG INTAN KABUPATEN BANJAR KALIMANTAN SELATAN

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Purnomo Purnomo

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Alih teknologi pengolahan dalam rangka diversifikasi  produk olahan berbasis ikan patin di Kabupaten Banjar masih sangat dibutuhkan untuk memperkenalkan pada para pengolah dan konsumen mengenai jenis-jenis produk olahan siap saji. Diversifikasi olahan ikan patin dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah dan sekaligus meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat perikanan di Desa Jingah Habang Hilir. Sehingga, pemahaman tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai suatu tindakan alternatif dalam pengolahan dan pengawetan ikan patin semi modern yang bermutu dalam mencukupi kebutuhan protein  pada saat paceklik ikan. Program peningkatan keterampilan dengan melalui penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pembinaan bagi masyarakat tersebut ternyata harus sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan karakteristik masyarakat itu sendiri sebagai pelaku usaha bukanlah hal yang mudah. Sekalipun khalayak sasaran sebagai mitra kerja sudah terbiasa memanfaatkan ikan patin dengan variasi produk olahan ternyata hasil evaluasi sangat membutuhkan acuan, format / model dan arahan praktis untuk membuat produk siap saji seperti bakso, nugget dan kaki naga berbasis ikan patin guna pengembangan potensi sumberdaya perairan secara optimal. Instead of processing technologies in order to fish based processed products diversification catfish in Banjar Regency is still urgently needed to introduce on the processors and consumers about the kinds of products processed fast-food restaurant.  Diversification of processed fish catfish can increase the added value and the economy while increasing the Community fishery in the village of Jingah Habang Hilir with chillies downstream.  Such understanding can serve as an alternative in action processing and preserving fish quality semi modern catfish in sufficient protein needs at the time of paceklik fishes.  Skill enhancement programs through outreach, training and coaching for the community must  be in accordance with tha needs and characteristics of the community itself as

SURVEI DARAH JARI FILARIASIS DI DESA BATUMARTA X KEC. MADANG SUKU III KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ULU (OKU TIMUR, SUMATERA SELATAN TAHUN 2012

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R. Irpan Pahlepi

2015-01-01

Full Text Available AbstrakFilariasis atau penyakit kaki gajah adalah golongan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh cacing filaria  yang  ditularkan  melalui  berbagai  jenis  nyamuk.  Penyebaran  filariasis  hampir  meliputi  seluruh wilayah di Indonesia termasuk Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU Timur. Angka kesakitan filarisis di Kabupaten OKU Timur tahun 2007 sebesar 1,05%. Kegiatan pengobatan massal di Kabupaten OKU Timur belum pernah dilakukan sampai saat ini, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat penyebaran penyakit filariasis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan dan pemeriksaan sediaan darah jari dilakukan pada malam hari dimulai pukul 19.00 WIB. Jumlah penduduk yang diperiksa sebanyak 502. Hasil pemeriksaan diperoleh 4 orang positif mikrofilaria (Mf_ rate 0,8% dengan spesies Brugia  malayi  dan  kepadatan  rata-rata  200mf/ml.  Seluruh  kasus  yang  ditemukan  merupakan  kasus baru. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penularan filariasis masih terjadi di Kabupaten OKU Timur sehingga perlu adanya pengobatan massal untuk mencegah penularan lebih lanjut.Kata kunci : Filariasis, Brugia malayi, Survei darah jari, OKU TimurAbstractFilariasis or elephantiasis is an infectious diseases caused by filarial worms that transmitted by various species of mosquitoes. Filariasis distributions almost covers all districts in Indonesia including East Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU. Filarisais morbidity in East OKU regency in 2007 was 1.05 %. Mass treatment in the district of East OKU have not been done yet, so it is necessary to do a research that aim to determine the prevalen of filariasis. This study is a cross-sectional survey design. Collection and examination of finger’s blood was done at night starting at 19:00. Number of people examined were 502. Examination results obtained 4 positive microfilariae (Mf_ rate 0.8 % of Brugia malayi and the average density of 200

Pengetahuan, Sikap Dan Perilaku Masyarakat Pasca Pengobatan Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Endemisitas Filariasis Di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur

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Santoso Santoso

2017-02-01

Full Text Available AbstractLymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis is a health problem in Indonesia, including in East Tanjung Jabung. Lymphatic filariasis elimination program in Indonesia was done by breaking the chain of transmission of filariasis with mass drug administration (MDA. The effectiveness of MDA program depends on knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP of the community. This study aims to determine the KAP towards lymphatic filariasis and evaluate MDA program. The study was conducted in two phases, namely interviews and finger blood survey (FBS. The number of respondents who interviewed were 117 and the number of people who had blood tests as many as 1,209. Interviews result showed that most respondents knew about lymphatic filariasis. The attitude of the majority of respondents showed a positive attitude. Interviews showed that the behavior of people taking medication was high (88%. Based on the results of the proportion of positive FBS, microfilariae were dominants found in people who do not take medication. Although the knowledge of community is high, the East Tanjung Jabung still declared as filariasis-endemic areas because it found the village with a number of microfilaria (Mf rate of more than 1%.Keywords: Lymphatic filariasis, KAP, East Tanjung Jabung, endemisAbstrakFilariasis (penyakit kaki gajah masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia termasuk di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Program eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia dilakukan dengan pemutusan mata rantai penularan melalui pemberian obat massal pencegahan (POMP filariasis. Keberhasilan program POMP filariasis dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku (PSP masyarakat tentang filariasis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui PSP masyarakat terhadap filariasis dan evaluasi kegiatan POMP filariasis. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 tahap, yaitu wawancara dan survei darah jari (SDJ. Jumlah responden yang diwawancarai sebanyak 117 orang dan jumlah penduduk yang diperiksa darahnya

Analisis Vegetasi Hutan Rawa Gambut Pascakebakaran di Wilayah Desa Sebangau dan Desa Taruna Jaya

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Reri Yulianti

2016-10-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Kebakaran  merupakan  salah  satu  penyebab  kerusakan  hutan  tropis  di Indonesia. Kerusakan yang berlangsung selama kebakaran hutan bersifat eksplosif artinya terjadi dalam waktu relatif cepat dan areal yang luas. Salah satu tipe dari ekosistem hutan hujan tropis adalah hutan rawa gambut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  (1  mengkaji  komposisi  jenis,  (2  mengkaji  keanekaragaman  jenis,  (3 mengkaji  distribusi  jenis,  (4  mengkaji  asosiasi  jenis  (5  mengkaji  persentase ketidaksamaan komunitas vegetasi di hutan rawa gambut bekas kebakaran tahun 1997, 2002, dan 2006.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 2009 di wilayah Desa Kalampangan Kecamatan Sebangau dan Desa Taruna Jaya Kecamatan Jabiren Raya Kalimantan Tengah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membuat petak ukur dan kemudian melakukan identifikasi jenis. Titik-titik sampel ditentukan dengan metode random sampling dengan cara undian. Semua jenis dalam petak ukur dicatat nama, diukur   diameter   batang   serta   jumlahnya   dan   dikelompokkan   sesuai   tingkat pertumbuhannya. Hasil   penelitian   adalah   1   Ditemukan   8   jenis   vegetasi   antara   lain Cratoxylon  arborescens,  Combretocarpus  rotundatus,  Timmonius  wallichianum, Acroychia  porteri,  Acacia  auriculiformis,  Xylopia  fusca,  Ilex  macropylla,  dan Diospyros  hermaproditich.  2  Keanekaragaman  pada  hutan  rawa  gambut  bekas kebakaran  sangat  rendah.  3  Jenis  Cratoxylon  arborescens  dan  Combretocarpus rotundatus mempunyai kemampuan regenerasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jenis yang lainnya. Hal ini terlihat dari INP kedua jenis vegetasi yang memiliki nilai INP tertinggi. 4 Asosiasi yang diperlihatkan oleh banyak jenis (tingkat pertumbuhan pohon, tiang, pancang, semai pada hutan rawa gambut bekas kebakaran adalah asosiasi  positif  yang  artinya  seluruh  spesies  lebih �

Mudanças na estrutura da vegetação lenhosa em três porções da mata de galeria do Córrego Bacaba (1999-2006, Nova Xavantina-MT

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Aline Miguel

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo, realizado na Mata de Galeria do córrego Bacaba (14º41'S e 52º20'W, em Nova Xavantina, MT, avaliou as mudanças na estrutura da vegetação no período de 1999 a 2006. Em 1999, foram demarcadas 141 parcelas permanentes em três porções da mata (alto, meio e baixo, em um gradiente topográfico, e medidos os indivíduos com CAP ≥ 15 cm. No inventário de 2006, os indivíduos foram remedidos e os recrutas, computados. Em 2006, amostraram-se 135 espécies, 113 gêneros e 49 famílias. A posição hierárquica das espécies apresentou mudanças expressivas em relação a 1999. Na porção do alto, as espécies com maior valor de importância (VI foram: Astrocaryum vulgare, Diospyros guianensis e Calophyllum brasiliense. Essa porção pode ter sido a mais afetada pelo fogo que atingiu a área em 2001, visto que uma espécie típica de ambientes antropizados passou a ocupar a primeira posição de VI. No meio, as espécies mais importantes em 2006 foram: Aspidosperma subincanum, Tetragastris altissima e Hymenaea courbaril. No baixo, apenas Mauritia flexuosa manteve a mesma posição do inventário anterior, e a maior alteração hierárquica foi apresentada pelas espécies pioneiras, sugerindo um fechamento da vegetação. Entre as 10 espécies de maior VI em 2006, nenhuma foi comum às três porções da mata. Características estruturais distintas da vegetação entre áreas geograficamente tão próximas podem estar relacionadas à heterogeneidade do ambiente. As mudanças no VI registradas nas espécies das três porções de mata reforçam a ideia de que esta apresenta elevada dinâmica.

Aging, female sex, migration, elevated HDL-C, and inflammation are associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome among African bank employees

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Gombet T

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Thierry Gombet,1 Benjamin Longo-Mbenza,2 Bertrand Ellenga-Mbolla,1 Meo Stephane Ikama,3 Etienne Mokondjimobe,4 Gisele Kimbally-Kaky,3 Jean-Louis Nkoua,31Emergency Department, University Hospital Center of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa; 3Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center of Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo; 4Laboratory of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Brazzaville, CongoBackground: The objective of this study was to compare four different criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome (MS and to correlate sociodemographic data, liver enzymes, lipids, inflammation, and insulin resistance with MS definitions.Methods: This cross-sectional study included a random number of 126 African bank employees from Brazzaville, Congo.Results: The prevalence of MS varied according to the different definitions used: 4.8% under World Health Organization (WHO criteria, 8.7% under the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NECP-ATPIII criteria, 14.3% under the International Diabetes Federation (IDF for Europe, and 15.9% by the IDF for Central Africa. According to the IDF, specific cutoff points for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ≥13 mm at first hour and ≥30 mm at second hour, defined MS for Central Africa. The best agreement was observed between the IDF for Europe and the IDF for Central Africa (Kappa = 0.938; P < 0.0001 criteria. The worst agreements were between the WHO and IDF for Central Africa (Kappa = 0.419; P < 0.0001 criteria and between the WHO and IDF for Europe (Kappa = 0.462; P < 0.0001 criteria. The NECP-ATPIII criteria did not agree with either the IDF for Europe or the IDF for Central Africa criteria. There was a significant relationship between female sex, aging, elevated liver enzymes, elevated phospholipids, high homeostasis model assessment of insulin

Karakteristik Habitat Perkembangbiakan Vektor Filariasis di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya

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Mefi Mariana Tallan

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract. Subdistrict scores balaghar is on filariasis endemic areas in the shouthwest district Sumba. Filariasis (elephantiasis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the filarial worm that attacks the lymph channels and lymph (lymphatic system that can cause acuteor chronic clinical symptoms and is transmitted by mosquitoes Mansonia, Anopheles, Culex, Amigeres. The purpose researchis to describe the characteristics of the environment and behavior to the incidence on filariasis in District Kodi Balaghar South western Sumba. This research is descriptive study with cross sectional approach that describes the spread of filariasis. Kodi was conducted in Southwest Sumba Regency Balaghar for eight months from April to November 2014. Foundas apotential habitat forlas mosquito breeding habitats where dominant is a puddle of water, springs, drains and small stream swith temperatures ranging from21-350C, from 0,22 to 795luxillumination, range pH between7,2 to 7,7, 0-0.1‰ salinity with elevation ranging from 25-117m/asl. Where is thespecies found in the breeding habitat on is An.vagus, An.barbirostris, An.annularis, Cx.vishnui, Cx.bitaeniorhynchus, Cx.quinquefasciatus, Ar. Kuchingensis.Keywords:Filariasis, Environment, Breeding habitatsAbstrak. Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar merupakan salah satu daerah endemis filariasis di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Filariasis (penyakit kaki gajah adalah penyakit menular menahun yang disebabkan oleh cacing filaria Wuchereria brancofti, Brugia malayidan B. timori yang menyerang saluran dan kelenjar getah bening (sistem limfatik yang dapat menyebabkan gejala klinis akut atau kronis dan ditularkan oleh nyamuk Mansonia, Anopheles, Culex, Amigeres. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik lingkungan fisik dan biologi di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional yaitu menggambarkan karakteristik lingkungan fisik

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI DERAJAT MIOPIA PADA REMAJA (STUDI DI SMA NEGERI 2 TEMANGGUNG KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

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Anisa Sofiani

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Miopia sebagai kelainan refraksi menjadi penyebab terbanyak gangguan penglihatan di dunia hingga diestimasikan separuh dari penduduk dunia menderita miopia pada tahun 2020. Segala golongan usia dapat mengalami miopia, terutama pada remaja. Jawa tengah menduduki peringkat ke 6 untuk masalah miopia, dan remaja yang menderita miopia di kabupaten Temanggung khususnya SMA N 2 Temanggung diperkirakan meningkat tiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian explanatory research dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi berjumlah 720 siswa, sampel 92 siswa SMA N 2 Temanggung. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara jarak baca (p=0,042, intensitas gadget (p=0,049, intensitas jalan kaki outdoor (0,004, dan intensitas olahraga outdoor (p=0,017 dengan derajat miopia remaja. Dan tidak ada hubungan dengan jenis kelamin, asupan vitamin A, lama membaca, penerangan, posisi membaca, penggunaan gadget /hari, pekerjaan, pendapatan orang tua, keturunan, intensitas rekreasi dan hobi. Faktor terkuat adalah olahraga outdoor (p=0,005 dan OR=17,468. Anjuran untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah dalam penghitungan asupan Vitamin A apakah mempengaruhi peningkatan dioptri miopia agar memperhatikan cara pengolahan makanan. Kategori untuk variabel penggunaan gadget juga perlu ditambahkan. Myopia as refractive error will be the most common cause of visual impairment over the world until half of the world's populations are suffer from myopia in 2020. All of age groups can get it, especially in adolescents. Central Java’s ranked is sixth for the problems of myopia, and adolescents who suffer the myopia in Temanggung regency in particular SMA N 2 Temanggung is expected to increase each year. This study was explanatory research with cross sectional approach. The population were 720 students, with 92 samples students of SMA N 2 Temanggung. The Results, there were a relationship between reading distance (p=0.042, the intensity of the gadget (p=0.049, the

BIOLARVASIDA EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus L. Merr TERHADAP LARVA NYAMUK Culex Sp.

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Siti Juariah

2017-10-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK   Nanas merupakan salah satu komoditi asal Provinsi Riau. Setiap tahun nanas mengalami peningkatan dengan semakin meningkatnya produksi nanas maka limbah yang dihasilkan akan semakin meningkat. Pada limbah kulit nanas diduga terdapat senyawa alkaloid yang dapat membunuh larva nyamuk Culex Sp. Nyamuk yang termasuk dalam genus Culex dikenal sebagai vektor penular arbovirus, demam kaki gajah, dan malaria pada unggas. Pengendalian serangga umumnya dilakukan menggunakan pestisida sintetik. Penggunaan senyawa kimia yang bersifat sintetik sangat berbahaya bagi pengguna yang terpajan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan efektifitas ekstrak etanol kulit nanas dan mengetahui jumlah larva yang mati dengan menentukan konsentrasi terbaik dari ekstrak etanol kulit nanas (AnanascomosusL. terhadap larva nyamuk culex Sp. Penelitian ini bersifat Eksperimen Laboratory, yaitu meneliti tentang uji mortalitas larva nyamuk Culex Sp setelah pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit nanas (AnanascomosusL.. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kulit nanas dapat dibuktikan pada tingkat konsentrasi 1% angka kematian larva nyamuk telah mencapai 72,5%. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi 4% telah mampu membunuh larva sebesar 97,5%. Kata Kunci        : Ekstraketanol, Kulit nanas, Culex Sp.   ABSTRACT                Pineapple is one of the commodities origin of Riau Province. Each year the pineapple increases with the increasing production of pineapple so the waste generated will increase. In pineapple leaf waste is suspected of alkaloid compounds that can kill the mosquito larvae Culex Sp. The mosquitoes belonging to the genus Culex are known as arbovirus-transmitting vectors, elephant leg fever, and malaria in poultry. Insect control is generally done using synthetic pesticides. The use of synthetic chemicals is very dangerous for exposed users. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pineapple ethanol

FAKTOR - FAKTOR PENYEBAB MUNCULNYA ACTIVITY SUPPORT DI KAWASAN RUANG PUBLIK BUNDARAN HOTEL INDONESIA JAKARTA PUSAT

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Endah Mustikowati

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Area Bundaran Hotel Indonesia menjadi salah satu ruang publik di mana banyak pengunjung datang untuk melakukan berbagai kegiatan. Kondisi ini menyebabkan munculnya activity support misalnya PKL, penyewa peralatan olahraga, dan beberapa hiburan jalanan. Di puncak intensitas kegiatan, activity support tersebut tersebar di beberapa tempat ini seperti di koridor utama, jalur pejalan kaki dan air plaza mancur. Melihat fenomena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat faktor-faktor penyebab munculnya activity support tersebut. Dalam menjawab tujuan penelitian, digunakan penelitian rasionalistik kuantitatif sebagai paradigma untuk membangun variabel faktor berdasarkan teori Activity Support dan Ruang Publik. Variabel yang dioperasionalkan dalam kuesioner dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis faktor uji statistik. Jumlah faktor variabel yang memiliki korelasi yang kuat dalam analisis tereduksi menjadi beberapa factor yang signifikan sebagai penyebab dari munculnya activity support di ruang publik, yaitu, area pedesrian, jalan masuk, sirkulasi dan parkir, keragaman kegiatan, karakteristik ruang publik, jenis kegiatan, bentuk-makna-arti ruang publik, aksesibilitas dan visual, budaya, fungsi dan bentuk ruang publik dan area lansekap, batasan kawasan dan ciri khas dari ruang publik. [Title: The Factors Causing Appearance of Activity Support in The Public Area Around Bundaran Hotel Indonesia in Central Jakarta] Bundaran Hotel Indonesia area becomes one of public space where many of people have coming to do some activities here. This condition causes the occurrences of activity support for instance the street vendors, sport equipments tenants, and some of street entertaintment. In the peak of intensity of activities, the activity supports crowded around this area such as in the main corridor, pedestrian pathways and fountain plaza. Seeing those phenomena, it could be concluded that there are causal factors of the occurrences of the activity support. In

SUSTAINABLE CULINARY TOURISM IN PUNCAK, BOGOR

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Ismail Saleh

2014-09-01

dikategorikan menjadi lima kelompok utama berdasarkan fungsinya: penyedia layanan makanan; pemasok (masyarakat lokal, pedagang, dan koperasi; konsumen akhir (turis dan pelanggan; pemerintahan (pemerintah Kabupaten Bogor, areal koordinator, kompepar, dan perantara (distributor, agen tur. Setidaknya ada lima isu strategis yang terjadi dalam pengembangan pariwisata di daerah Puncak: 1 konversi fungsi lahan; 2 dampak ekonomi dan sosial, 3 partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam kegiatan pariwisata; 4 lalu lintas dan infrastruktur di daerah Puncak, dan 5 pengelolaan sampah. Ketiga restoran memiliki kriteria keberlanjutan, hasil preferensi pelanggan, dan tiga aspek keberlanjutan (ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial. Cimory memiliki nilai yang terbaik dalam kinerja keberlanjutan dan diikuti oleh Melrimba. Pedagang kaki lima, dengan beberapa catatan, mencetak nilai sebagai peringkat terakhir dalam kinerja keberlanjutan.Kata kunci: wisata kuliner, ekowisata, puncak, rantai nilai, wisata berkelanjutan

Distribuição geográfica e diversidade varietal de frutíferas e nozes de clima temperado no Estado de São Paulo Geographic distribution and varietal diversity of temperate fruits and nuts in São Paulo State, Brazil

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Wilson Barbosa

2003-08-01

Full Text Available Pesquisaram-se, de 1998 a 2002, os locais e as áreas de cultivo, o número de plantas e as principais espécies e cultivares comerciais de frutíferas e nozes de clima temperado do Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, analisaram-se os dados do Projeto LUPA (Levantamento Censitário de Unidades de Produção Agrícola do Estado de São Paulo e de consultas aos fruticultores de diversas regiões paulistas. Verificou-se a existência de 6 famílias botânicas, 11 gêneros e 12 principais espécies de frutíferas e uma de noz de clima temperado. São elas, em ordem decrescente do número de plantas: videira rústica, videira fina, pessegueiro (incluindo nectarineira, figueira, caquizeiro, nogueira-macadâmia, macieira, ameixeira, pereira européia, pereira asiática, nespereira, quivizeiro e marmeleiro, sendo as duas primeiras responsáveis por 51% de toda a área ocupada com as referidas culturas de clima temperado. Constatou-se que esse segmento da fruticultura está sendo praticado em 9.510 propriedades de 65% dos municípios paulistas, englobando todas as 40 regionais agrícolas da CATI (Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica e Integral, existentes no Estado. A videira e a pereira foram as únicas culturas que apresentaram mais de uma espécie botânica sendo cultivada comercialmente. Foram detectadas 53 principais cultivares, sendo a cultura do pessegueiro responsável pela maior fonte de diversidade varietal. Considerando as épocas de colheita das frutíferas e nozes pesquisadas, observaram-se produções de frutos em todos os meses do ano, especialmente entre outubro e abril. Registraram-se novos e importantes nichos de cultivo nas regiões de Jales, Presidente Prudente, Barretos e Jaú, com predominância das uvas finas, das pêras asiáticas, dos pêssegos adaptados e da nogueira-macadâmia, respectivamente.During the period of 1998 to 2002 it was investigated, through the LUPA census (Levantamento Censitário de Unidades de Produção Agr

FY1995 comprehensive assessments of measures mitigating heat island phenomena in urban areas; 1995 nendo heat shinku wo riyoshita daikibo reibo system no kaihatsu (daitoshi ni okeru kaki koonka taisaku gijutsu no hyoka shuho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The urban heat-island phenomenon is one of the man-made changes of local climate. The objectives of this research are to develop a heat-island model to cover the building scale to mesoscale and to assess the countermeasures to heat- island effects. The analysis of Tokyo by remote-sensing, field observation and estimates of anthropogenically exhausted heat using energy consumption data were conducted. And, techniques to assess the most effective countermeasure against the urban warming were developed. (NEDO)

Fungal Planet description sheets: 154-213.

Science.gov (United States)

Crous, P W; Wingfield, M J; Guarro, J; Cheewangkoon, R; van der Bank, M; Swart, W J; Stchigel, A M; Cano-Lira, J F; Roux, J; Madrid, H; Damm, U; Wood, A R; Shuttleworth, L A; Hodges, C S; Munster, M; de Jesús Yáñez-Morales, M; Zúñiga-Estrada, L; Cruywagen, E M; de Hoog, G S; Silvera, C; Najafzadeh, J; Davison, E M; Davison, P J N; Barrett, M D; Barrett, R L; Manamgoda, D S; Minnis, A M; Kleczewski, N M; Flory, S L; Castlebury, L A; Clay, K; Hyde, K D; Maússe-Sitoe, S N D; Chen, Shuaifei; Lechat, C; Hairaud, M; Lesage-Meessen, L; Pawłowska, J; Wilk, M; Sliwińska-Wyrzychowska, A; Mętrak, M; Wrzosek, M; Pavlic-Zupanc, D; Maleme, H M; Slippers, B; Mac Cormack, W P; Archuby, D I; Grünwald, N J; Tellería, M T; Dueñas, M; Martín, M P; Marincowitz, S; de Beer, Z W; Perez, C A; Gené, J; Marin-Felix, Y; Groenewald, J Z

2013-12-01

Novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from South Africa: Camarosporium aloes, Phaeococcomyces aloes and Phoma aloes from Aloe, C. psoraleae, Diaporthe psoraleae and D. psoraleae-pinnatae from Psoralea, Colletotrichum euphorbiae from Euphorbia, Coniothyrium prosopidis and Peyronellaea prosopidis from Prosopis, Diaporthe cassines from Cassine, D. diospyricola from Diospyros, Diaporthe maytenicola from Maytenus, Harknessia proteae from Protea, Neofusicoccum ursorum and N. cryptoaustrale from Eucalyptus, Ochrocladosporium adansoniae from Adansonia, Pilidium pseudoconcavum from Greyia radlkoferi, Stagonospora pseudopaludosa from Phragmites and Toxicocladosporium ficiniae from Ficinia. Several species were also described from Thailand, namely: Chaetopsina pini and C. pinicola from Pinus spp., Myrmecridium thailandicum from reed litter, Passalora pseudotithoniae from Tithonia, Pallidocercospora ventilago from Ventilago, Pyricularia bothriochloae from Bothriochloa and Sphaerulina rhododendricola from Rhododendron. Novelties from Spain include Cladophialophora multiseptata, Knufia tsunedae and Pleuroascus rectipilus from soil and Cyphellophora catalaunica from river sediments. Species from the USA include Bipolaris drechsleri from Microstegium, Calonectria blephiliae from Blephilia, Kellermania macrospora (epitype) and K. pseudoyuccigena from Yucca. Three new species are described from Mexico, namely Neophaeosphaeria agaves and K. agaves from Agave and Phytophthora ipomoeae from Ipomoea. Other African species include Calonectria mossambicensis from Eucalyptus (Mozambique), Harzia cameroonensis from an unknown creeper (Cameroon), Mastigosporella anisophylleae from Anisophyllea (Zambia) and Teratosphaeria terminaliae from Terminalia (Zimbabwe). Species from Europe include Auxarthron longisporum from forest soil (Portugal), Discosia pseudoartocreas from Tilia (Austria), Paraconiothyrium polonense and P. lycopodinum from Lycopodium

Stemflow variation in Mexico's northeastern forest communities: Its contribution to soil moisture content and aquifer recharge

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Návar, José

2011-09-01

SummaryStemflow hydro-ecological importance was measured in trees and assessed in Mexico's northeast forest stands by answering three basic questions: (a) what are the intra and inter-specific stemflow variations; (b) is the stemflow coefficient constant from tree level to stand scales? and (c) what is the stemflow area and wetted soil volume in individual trees and the stemflow volume discharged at the stand scale in two plant communities of northeastern Mexico? Gross rainfall and stemflow flux measurements were conducted on 78 trees of semi-arid, sub-tropical (31 Diospyros texana; 14 Acacia rigidula; four Bumelia celastrina; five Condalia hookeri; three Cordia bioissieri; three Pithecellobium pallens) and temperate forest communities (six Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. and 12 Quercus spp.). Stemflow was extrapolated from individual trees to the stand scale using 98 inventory plots (1600 m 2 ha -1 each) placed in oak-pine forests and 37 quadrats (5 m × 5 m each) distributed across the Tamaulipan thornscrub forest range. Stemflow infiltration flux and infiltration area measurements assessed the wetted soil volume. Daily measurements were conducted from May of 1997 to November of 1998. Results showed that stemflow coefficients varied between plant communities since they averaged (confidence intervals, α = 0.05) 2.49% (0.57), 0.30% (0.09), and 0.77% (0.27) of the bulk precipitation for Tamaulipan thornscrub, pine, and oak forests, respectively. Intra-specific stemflow variations could not be identified in Tamaulipan although in temperate tree species. Basal diameter explained intra-specific stemflow variation in both plant communities. Stemflow increased threefold since it accounted for by 6.38% and 2.19% of the total bulk rainfall for Tamaulipan thornscrub quadrats and temperate oak-pine inventory plots, respectively. Small shrubs growing underneath large trees, in combination with the presence of small-diameter trees that recorded the largest stemflow coefficients

KEBUN RAYA BOTANI DENGAN SISTEM WTP (WATER TREATMENT PLAN DI MAKASSAR

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Sri Innayah Wahid

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Abstrak—Pariwisata merupakan salah satu sumber devisa yang sangat potensial dan mempunyai andil besar dalam membangun perekonomian yang memiliki nilai jual menjadi objek yang menguntungkan bagi kemajuan Makassar. Tujuan wisata yang hanya ada di Makassar menciptakan rasa ingin tahu pengunjung untuk berkunjung.Pengunjung yang datang menginvestasikan akomodasi seluruh kegiatan wisata dengan pengusaha lokal setempat.Pengunjung domestik maupun asing juga menjadi sumber pendapatan bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar objek wisata. Laporan ini bertujuan untuk menata elemen-elemen fisik kawasan seperti tata guna lahan, bentuk dan massa bangunan, jalur pejalan kaki, sirkulasi dan parker signage atau penanda, serta fasilitas pendukung kedalam suatu kawasan kebun raya botani yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kenyamanan bagi para pengguna lahan dan menerapkan sistem WTP dalam bentuk desain yang bersifat berkelanjutan (sustainable.dan tujuan non arsitektural yang lain untuk merumuskan kegiatan rekayasa tumbuhan secara alami sehingga kebun raya botani dapat menjadi alternatif pusat pendidikan, mengelompokkan tanaman yang sesuai dengan iklim dan kondisi tapak kebun raya botani, untuk menentukan sistem kerja WTP dalam kebun raya botani yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tanaman. Hasil laporan ini berupa desain penataan kebun raya botani dengan sistem WTP (water Treatment Plan di Makassar Kata Kunci :kebun raya botani, WTP Abstract- Tourism is one potential source of foreign exchange and have a larger share in building an economy that has a sale value into an object that is beneficial to the progress of Makassar. Tourist destinations that exist only in Makassar creates curiosity of visitors to visit. Visitors who come to invest accommodation all over the local tourism activities with local entrepreneurs. Domestic and foreign visitors are also a source of income for the people who live around the attraction. This report aims to restructure the physical elements

Boron and calcium sprayed on 'Fuyu' persimmon tree prevent skin cracks, groove and browning of fruit during cold storage Boro e cálcio pulverizado em árvores de caqui "Fuyu" previnem fissuras, estrias e escurecimento do fruto durante o armazenamento refrigerado

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Valdecir Carlos Ferri

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Flesh softening, skin browning and rotting are chief problems during cold storage (CS of 'Fuyu' Persimmon. We studied the effects of boron (B and calcium (Ca sprayed on the trees during three consecutive years, on the development of skin cracks, grooves and browning in persimmon fruit under CS in Farroupilha, RS, Brazil (29°31' south, 51°21' west, about 750 m altitude. A homogeneous orchard area of 0.5 ha was delimitated and three sets of five plants for each treatment were randomly selected. The persimmon trees were sprayed at a 20 day interval, from 15th January until harvest, for three consecutive years, with: T1 water; T2 calcium nitrate at 0.5% (m/v; T3 calcium chloride at 0.5% (m/v; and T4 boron at 0.3% (m/v. The fruit were harvest with orange-reddish colour; 18-20°Brix, pulp firmness of 45 to 60N, and kept under CS at 0±1°C for 45 days. The fruits were evaluated immediately before CS, after six hours at 23±2°C after removal from CS, and after four days at 23±2°C after removal from CS. Equally boron and calcium sprayed on the trees prevented skin cracks, skin grooves and skin browning. Besides, when boron was sprayed on the trees, the mentioned effects were additive in the following year.As principais alterações indesejáveis observadas no período pós-colheita de caquis em armazenamento refrigerado (AR são a perda de firmeza de polpa, e a ocorrência de escurecimento epidérmico e de podridões. Este trabalho teve por objetivo principal estudar as respostas da aplicação de boro (B e cálcio (Ca, em três safras sucessivas, na prevenção da ocorrência de fissuras, estrias e escurecimento epidérmico de caquis "Fuyu". No pomar (Farroupilha-RS-Brasil, 29°31' Sul, 51°21' Oeste, aproximadamente 750m altitude delimitou-se uma área homogênea de 0,5ha., marcando-se, ao acaso, três repetições de cinco plantas para cada tratamento: T1 - controle, caquizeiros não-pulverizados com B e Ca; T2 - pulverizações com Nitrato de

Aflatoxin B1-producing Aspergillus in sun-dried medicinal plant materials

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Chinaputi, A.

2001-10-01

scanning electron microscope.Using the ELISA technique, all medicinal plants sampled showed aflatoxin B1. , with the highest contamination being found in Cassia garrettiana at 1,101.8 ppb, Caesalpinia sappan 655.9 ppb, Cassia siamea 583.0 ppb and Smilax ferox 572.5 ppb. Only 16 kinds ofmedicinal plant had levels of aflatoxin B1. lower than WHO guidelines (20 ppb specifically Smilax japonica, Derris scandens, Myristica fragrans, Piper spp., Curcuma zedoaria, Zingiber purpureum, Piper retrofractum, Elettaria cardamomum, Curcuma longa, Imperata cyhindrica, Rhinacathus nasutus, Kaempferia pulchra, Foeniculum vulgare, Diospyros decandra, Boesenbergia pandurata and Alyxia reinwardtiiplease contact auther via e-mail: ssiripor@ratree.psu.ac.th or rdo-sjst@group.psu.ac.th

PERTUNJUKAN KESENIAN PATHOL SARANG DI KABUPATEN REMBANG

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Rakanita Dyah Ayu Kinesti

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Kesenian Pathol Sarang adalah kesenian tradisional yang sampai saat ini masih eksis di masyarakat Rembang. Interaksi dalam kesenian Pathol Sarang yang terjadi bukan lagi sebatas dialog, namun terjadi kontak fisik antar pemain dengan pemain. Keunikan kesenian Pathol Sarang juga terletak pada jenis pertunjukan yang tidak semestinya seperti pertunjukan lain. Pertunjukan yang dipentaskan di pinggir laut dan dimainkan oleh para nelayan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendiskripsikan bentuk pertunjukan kesenian Pathol Sarang dan menganalisis proses interaksi sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang pertama adalah bentuk kesenian Pathol Sarang yang ditinjau dari pelaku seni yang semua berjenis kelamin laki-laki mempunyai gerak murni dan maknawi yang berias tanpa make up dan berbusana memakai baju hitam dan celana hitam dengan ikat kepala dan property berupa udhet. Interaksi yang ditemukan adalah interaksi yang terjadi antar pemain dan pemain, pemain dengan penonton. Interaksi yang terjadi antar pemain dan pemain adalah kontak fisik yaitu dengan saling merangkul posisi kaki kuda-kuda dan saling mendorong untuk bergulat, interaksi yang terjadi antar pemain dan penonton adalah komunikasi sebelum bertanding pelandang(wasit mencari lawan untuk pemain(pathol yang bertanding diambil dari penonton. Saran untuk seniman, gerakan Pathol Sarang lebih dikembangkan lagi dengan menambahkan tarian pembuka sebelum pertunjukan dimulai.Art pathol sarang is traditional art that until now still exist in the community Rembang. Art pathol sarang is an entertainment media, as the show and as a social interaction .Interaction in the arts pathol sarang that there is no longer only dialogue , but occurring physical contact between the player with the players. Uniqueness of art pathol nest also located on the type of show undue as other performances. Show was staged in the outskirts of the sea and played by the

Sanitasi, Higiene Perorangan, dan Pencemaran Tanah oleh Cacing pada Kecacingan pada Anak di Kelurahan Liliba, Kecamatan Oebobo Kota Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

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Eni Sinaga

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Penyakit kecacingan banyak ditemukan di daerah dengan kelembaban tinggi terutama pada kelompok masyarakat dengan higiene perorangan dan sanitasi lingkungan yang kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi sanitasi, higiene perorangan, pencemaran tanah oleh cacing dengan kejadian kecacingan pada anak usia 1–5 tahun di Kelurahan Liliba, Kecamatan Oebobo Kota Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study dilakukan pada Mei–November 2012. Sampel penelitian 50 anak usia 1–5 tahun sebanyak 50 orang yang diambil secara random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi kuadrat (X2 dengan program statistical product and service solution (SPSS. Prevalensi kecacingan pada anak usia 1-5tahun di Kelurahan Liliba adalah 38%. Hasil Uji chi kuadrat menunjukkan hanya ada satu variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kecacingan di Liliba yaitu higiene perorangan (p=0,005. Variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian kecacingan pada anak 1–5 tahun di Liliba yaitu kondisi sarana air bersih (p=0,07, kondisi jamban (p=0,128, dan pencemaran tanah oleh cacing (p=0,309. Penelitian ini membuktikan ada hubungan bermakna antara higiene perorangan dan kejadian kecacingan, sehingga diharapkan orangtua lebih memperhatikan higiene perorangan anaknya seperti memotong kuku, mencuci tangan setelah bermain dan sebelum makan, mencuci tangan setelah buang air besar dan memberikan alas kaki saat bermain. Dinkes Kota dan Puskesmas khususnya secara periodic setiap 6 bulan sekali diharapkan melakukan tindakan pencegahan dan penanggulangan kecacingan dengan penyuluhan dan pemberian obat cacing kepada anak usia 1–5 tahun. Kata kunci: Higiene perorangan, kecacingan, kondisi lingkungan   Sanitation, Personal Hygiene, and Helminth Contamination of Helminth infectionin Children at Liliba Subdistrict, Oebobo Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Province Abstract Helminth infection was found

DISTRIBUSI HUTAN BAKAU DI LAGUNA PANTAI SELATAN YOGYAKARTA (Mangrove Distribution at the Lagoons in the Southern Coast of Yogyakarta

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Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan

2007-03-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK  Kehadiran sisa hutan bakau di laguna Bogowonto, pantai selatan Yogyakarta menunjukkan bahwa pada masa lalu laguna tersebut didominasi oleh hutan bakau, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari kehadiran vegetasi bakau di laguna-laguna dan muara sungai di pantai selatan tersebut. Ada empat laguna di pantai Selatan Yogyakarta, laguna Bogowonto, Serang, Progo, Opak, dan satu muara sungai, Kali Baron. Laguna tersebut merupakan laguna internitten, artinya pada musim kemarau, mulut sungainya tertutup gumuk pasir dan laguna didominasi oleh perairan tawar dan merupakan ekosistem tergenang. Sebaliknya di musim hujan mulut sungai terbuka, laguna bersifat sebagai ekosistem pasang surut. Data vegetasi dicuplik dengan menggunakan kuadrat plot berukuran 10m x 20m dengan ulangan dua kali. Kuadrat plot ditempatkan pada pusat distribusi mangrovenya, yang dipilih mulai dari rawa burit ke arah muara sungai. Tekstur tanah, hara tanah, salinitas air dan hara air juga dikaji. Kehadiran hutan bakau di laguna dibatasi oleh tekstur tanah. Tekstur pasir, 60-99 %, mendominasi laguna Serang, Progo, Opak dan muara kali Baron. Komunitas bakau hanya ditemukan di laguna Bogowonto, yang tersusun atas 5 jenis bakau, Sonneratia alba, Nypa fruticans, Acanthus ilicifolius, Acrosticum sp., dan Derris heterophylla, dan dua jenis spesies peralihan, Pandanus sp. dan Cynodon dactylon. Pola distribusi komunitasnya mengelompok (clump, mempunyai tipe riverine mangrove,dan tidak membentuk zonasi. Sonneratia hadir mulai dari muara sungai sampai di rawa burit. Ketika air surut salinitas berkisar antara 0-6,5 %. Nypa hanya ditemukan satu kelompok di kaki gumuk. Distribusi Sonneratia tidak ditentukan oleh tinggi genangan, akan tetapi tinggi pneumatophor mengikuti pola tinggi genangan air. Di laguna Bogowonto, spesies bakau tidak mempunyai zonasi dan beradaptasi pada sistem ekologinya.   ABSTRACT  The presence of mangrove remnant at the lagoon of Bogowonto River in the southern

FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN CHIKUNGUNYA DI KABUPATEN BOYOLALI,PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

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Lulus Susanti

2014-05-01

< 0.05.Keywords :knowledge, attitude, practice, chikungunya, risk factorAbstrakChikungunya adalah salah satu penyakit re-emerging disease di Indonesia. Gejala yang paling menonjol pada kasus ini adanya rasa nyeri yang hebat pada setiap persendian, terutama sendi lutut, pergelangan kaki dan tangan, serta sendi-sendi tulang punggung sehingga sendi susah untuk digerakkan. Penyakit ini diakibatkan oleh virus dari kelompok virus Chikungunya (CHIKV. Di Jawa Tengah terjadi peningkatan kasus Chikungunya, mulai tahun 2005 berjumlah 46 orang kemudian meningkat pada tahun 2006 menjadi 86 orang dan 2007 mencapai 2.801 kasus. Persebaran kasus mencapai beberapa kabupaten di Jawa Tengah termasuk Kabupaten Boyolali, yang memberikan kontribusi dalam jumlah penderita Chikungunya yang cukup besar 5. Pada tahun 2007dan 2008 jumlah kasus Chikungunya di Kabupaten Boyolali mencapai 634 dan 517 orang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik masyarakat, kondisi sosial ekonomi, pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku masyarakat, data entomologi dan lingkungan sebagai faktor risiko terhadap kasus Chikungunya, di Boyolali. Penelitian ini merupakan studi epidemiologi analitik dengan rancangan case control study. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan Chikungunya terjadi paling banyak pada kisaran umur 20 – 45 dan 46 – 64 tahun, masing-masing sebanyak 51 (39,23% dan 50 kasus (38,46%, dengan jenis kelamin perempuan 80 kasus (61,54%. Sedangkan pendidikan kasus Chikungunya tertinggi adalah tidak tamat SD sebesar 34 kasus (26,15% dan pekerjaan berupa petani sebanyak 41 kasus (31,54%. Dari karakteristik responden ini hanya jenis kelamin yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kasus dengan nilai P< 0,05. Sedangan pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat tentang pencegahan penyakit Chikungunya tidak berhubungan dengan kasus dengan nilai P>0,05.Keberadaan pakaian tergantung tidak berhubungan dengan kasus Chikungunya, sedangkan keberadaan jentik nyamuk di TPA berhubungan dengan kasus

Study on climate control of dwellings using underground air tunnel in the cold region. Part 1. Cooling performance of the underground air tunnel connected to a small-scaled test house; Kanreichi ni okeru chika air tunnel ni yoru junetsukankyo kaizen ni kansuru kenkyu. 1. Shokibo shiken kaoku ni okeru kaki no ryobo seino hyoka

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Miki, Y; Sanji, H; Ito, J; Komoda, T; Mitsuoka, K; Mogami, S [Kitami Institute of Technology, Hokkaido (Japan)

1997-11-25

Underground air tunnel is provided for cooling an experimentally built small house and the cooling performance is examined at Kitami Institute of Technology, Hokkaido. The house is provided with 120mm-thick layers of insulating material under the floor and inside the side walls and partitioning walls. The windows are equipped with blinds, with reed screens positioned outside to cover the windows. The air tunnel is a hard vinyl chloride tube, 200mm in internal diameter. It is buried 4.5m deep in the ground, and extends as long as 27m. A filter-provided 72W blower installed at the tunnel outlet is driven to force air through. As for the natural soil temperature in summer, it is found variable between 7.2 and 8.5degC. As the result of the experiment, it is found that thanks to the underground tunnel the room temperature is kept below 27degC even when the maximum temperature in the daytime is 30degC or higher provided the air flow is appropriately regulated. In this experiment, the maximum rate of instantaneously removed heat is approximately 2.5 times higher than the values in other previously reported experiments. The daily coefficient of performance is 6.5-11.1, again higher than the previously reported values. Different from application in warm regions, the effect of rise in the surrounding soil temperature on the cooling performance is not so conspicuous. 3 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

Thermal Shock Tests on UO{sub 2} Small Spheres; Essais de choc thermique sur des elements spheriques de UO{sub 2}; Ispytaniya nebol'shikh sharikov iz UO{sub 2} teplovykh udarom; Ensayo de pequenas esferas de UO{sub 2} por choque.termico

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Perona, G.; Brutto, E.; Galbusera, U.; Palladino, G.; Sesini, R. [Centro Informazioni Studi Esperienze, Milan (Italy)

1963-11-15

exponen los resultados obtenidos. La aplicacion de este metodo presenta, al parecer, considerable interes, sobre todo en lo que concierne a las investigaciones encaminadas a mejorar las caracteristicas de las esferas de UO{sub 2} por medio de aditivos. En e fecto, permite verificar el efecto global con una sola medicion. (author) [Russian] Ispol'zuya malye pariki iz UO{sub 2} v kachestve yadernogo topliva v reaktore, gde oni nakhodyatsya v soprikosnovenii s teplonositelem, neobkhodimo znat' maksimal'nuyu pri rabochem rezhime reaktora velichinu termicheskikh napryazhenij, kotorye mogut vyderzhivat' bez povrezhdeniya ehti shariki. Esli izvestny fizicheskie svojstva materiala, to mozhno rasschitat' ehti napryazheniya pri rabochem rezhime. Odnako vvidu mnogochislennosti podlezhashchikh uchetu faktorov i neizbezhnoj doli neopredelennosti kazhdogo iz nikh predstavlyaetsya predpochtitel'nym provesti neposredstvennye ispytaniya ehtikh sharikov, podvergnuv ikh tem zhe napryazheniyam, kakie oni ispytyvayut v reaktore. V nastoyashchej rabote byl izuchen metod teplovogo udara v primenenii k malym sharikam i ukazyvayutsya usloviya, pri kotorykh ehtot metod pozvolyaet proizvesti napryazheniya, neposredstvenno sravnimye s temi, kotorye sushchestvuyut v reaktore. V sluchae malykh sharikov zatrudnenie zaklyuchaetsya v osushchestvlenii okhlazhdeniya, pozvolyayushchego dostigat' ochen' bol'shikh znachenij koehffitsienta poverkhnostnoj teploperedachi. Opisyvayutsya ehksperimental'nye metody i soobshchayutsya poluchennye rezul'taty. Primenenie ehtogo' metoda, po-vidimomu., predstavlyaet bol'shoj interes, v osobennosti v oblasti tekhnologicheskikh izyskanij s tsel'yu uluchsheniya svojstv malykh sharikov iz UO{sub 2} putem vklyucheniya dobavochnykh komponentov. Fakticheski,ehtot metod daet vozmozhnost' pri pomoshchi odnogo tol'ko izmereniya kontrolirovat' izuchaemoe vozdejstvie. (author)

Reactivity coefficients by perturbation theory; Calcul des coefficients de re activite par la theorie des perturbations; Koehffitsienty reaktivnosti, opredelennye pri pomoshchi teorii vozmushchenij; Determinacion, de coeficientes de reactividad con ayuda de la teoria de las perturbaciones

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Webster, J W [International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)

1962-03-15

obrazom, otritsatel'nym , t.e. koehffitsient poroznosti yavlyaetsya polozhitel'nym , chto predstavlyaet soboj opasnoe uslovie. Mozhno legko videt' iz dvukhgruppovoj formy, kakie izmeneniya v proekte dolzhny byt' sdelany, chtoby poluchit' proekt s otritsatel'nym koehffitsientom poroznosti. Proekt poluchil dal'nejshee razvitie v posleduyushchikh issledovaniyakh, v khode kotorykh opredeleny osushchestvimye izmeneniya dlya proekta, i proekt MCBR s otritsatel'nym koehffitsientom poroznosti byl, v konechnom schete, dostignut. (author)

Tracer Experiments on Food Exchange in Ants and Termites; Emploi des radioindicateurs dans l'etude de la trophallaxis chez les fourmis et les termites; Izuchenie s pomoshch'yu indikatorov obmena pishchej u murav'ev i termitov; Empleo de indicadores radiactivos para estudiar la trofalaxia en las hormigas y los termites

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Gosswald, K.; Kloft, W. [Institute of Applied Zoology, University of Wurzburg, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany)

1963-09-15

pomoshch'yu mechennoj radioaktivnymi veshchestvami pishchi my izuchili, kakie kategorii i kasty termitov (Kalotermes flavicollis Fabr.) sposobny k pryamomu pitaniyu i kakie pitayutsya trofollakti-cheskoj pishchej, otrygivaemoj kormil'tsami izo rta v rot ili poluchaemoj iz pryamoj kishki poslednikh. Naibolee ehffektivnymi yavlyayutsya psevdorabochie. My takkhe pytalis' ob''yasnit' s pomoshch'yu indikatornykh metodov prichiny bol'shej prodolzhitel'nosti khizni i bol'shej agressivnosti grupp termitov po sravneniyu s otdel'nymi izolirovannymi osobyami. Psevdorabochie Kalotermes flavicollis metilis' J''1''3''1. Posle kormleniya nekotorye iz mechenykh termitov byli izolirovany poodinochke, a iz drugikh termitov obrazovany gruppy, vklyuchayushchie takkhe nemechenykh osobej. Izmeriv ehffektivnyj period poluraspada i rasschitav biologicheskij poluperiod, kotoryj prekhde vsego zavisit ot skorosti vydeleniya, my obnarukhili, chto indikator dol'she ostaetsya v gruppe (kogda gruppa rassmatrivaetsya kak edinoe tse loe), chem u izolirovannykh osobej. EHto mokhno ob'yasnit' izmerennym trofollakticheskim obmenom pishchej i povtornoj tsirkulyatsiej sredi otdel'nykh osobej, sostavlyayushchikh gruppu. Analogichnye rezul'taty Mti poluchili s dvumya gruppami murav'ev, otnosyashchimisya k razlichnym podsemejstvam. Bol'shaya ehkonomiya v potreblenii pishchi i drugikh veshchestv mokhet byt' faktorom, sposobstvuyushchim ''gruppovym dejstviyam'' obshchestvennykh nasekomykh. Rassmatrivayutsya spetsial'nye problemy metodov sravnitel'nykh izmerenij khivushchikh otdel'no osobej i grupp nasekomykh. (author)

Kata Pengantar Redaksi

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Redaksi Jurnal Udayana Mengabdi

2014-04-01

7.5% dari sampel penelitiandinyatakan positif menderita diabetes. Hal ini terjadi karena pengaruh lingkungan dan pola makandi daerah tersebut. Juga akibat meningkat atau tingginya penghasilan masyarakat di wilayah ini yangkadang membuat mereka mengkonsumsi makanan tinggi lemak yang berlebihan. Kurang tersedianyamakanan sehat yang tinggi serat juga berpengaruh terhadap pola konsumsi masyarakat. Tahun 2011,Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Bali mencatat setidaknya lebih dari 2000 orang terdeteksi menderita diabetesdan penderita terbanyak berumur 20 tahun, dan masih sangat banyak yang tidak terdeteksi.Penyakit kencing manis muncul saat tubuh tidak lagi mampu memproduksi cukup hormon insulinuntuk mengatur kadar gula darah yang normal. Kadar gula yang berlebihan di darah inilah yangmengakibatkan banyak organ tubuh tidak dapat berfungsi secara normal. Dimulai dengan rusaknyapembuluh darah kecil di perifer tubuh diantaranya pada kaki yang menyulitkan pada penyembuhan lukakarena sel darah putih tidak dapat mencapai luka dan membantu dalam proses penyembuhannya. Jikatetap tidak terkontrol baik dengan pola hidup sehat atau obat, kerusakan pembuluh darah ini akan diikutioleh kerusakan pembuluh darah di organ lain dalam tubuh yang dikenal sebagai komplikasi ke mata,jantung, ginjal dan otak. Faktor resiko penyakit ini diantaranya obesitas atau kegemukan, kurangnyaaktivitas fisik, faktor keturunan, mengkonsumsi makanan tinggi lemak dan gula berlebihan, kurangnyamengkonsumsi makanan tinggi serat antara lain buah dan sayuran.Jika Anda bergerak dalam bidang usaha, termasuk usaha perbankan harus memahami GoodCorporate Governance (GCG yaitu prinsip-prinsip yang memberikan arahan dan pedoman bagiperusahaan termasuk perusahaan di sektor perbankan agar mencapai keseimbangan dalam memberikanpertanggungjawabannya baik kepada para shareholders dan stakeholders. Mematuhi prinsip-prinsipGCG atau tata kelola perusahaan yang baik berarti perusahaan sudah berperilaku yang baik sertamempunyai arah menuju

Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Insects and Other Arthropods; Effet des rayonnements ionisants sur les insectes et autres arthropodes; Vozdejstvie ioniziruntsej radiatsii na nasekomykh i drugikh chlenistonogikh; Efectos de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre los insectos y otros artropodos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stone, William E. [United States Department of Agriculture Laboratories, Mexico City, D.F (Mexico)

1963-09-15

razvedeniya nasekomykh v massovykh kolichestva. S drugoj storony, nekotorye vidy nasekomykh yavlyayutsya nastol'ko mnogochislennymi, chto primenenie ehtogo metoda mozhet okazat'sya neosushchestvimym bez predvaritel'noj obrabotki zarazhennogo rajona drugimi sredstvami istrebleniya dlya privlecheniya na dostupnoe rasstoyanie populyatsij nasekomykh. Nesmotrya na ehti zatrudneniya, pri blagopriyatnykh obstoyatel'stvakh vryad li kakie-libo drugie metody istrebleniya vrednykh nasekomykh predstavlyayutsya stol' zhe perspektivnymi. Metod sterilizatsii pri pomoshchi radiatsii mozhet sluzhit' sposobom otdaleniya invazii do okonchaniya sbora urozhaya. V doklade soobshchaetsya o vozdejstvii gamma-izlucheniya na potentsial razmnozheniya, polovuyu agressivnost', silu i zhivuchest' vostochnoj plodovoj mukhi Rasiv dorsalis (Hendel), dynnoj mukhi Dacus cucurbltae (Coq.), sredizemnomorskoj plodovoj mukhi Ceratltla capitata (Wied.), meksikanskoj plodovoj mukhi Anastrepha ludens (Loew) i malyarijnogo komara Anopheles quadrlmaculatus (Say); v doklade privodyatsya takzhe rezul'taty prakticheskikh ispytanij vypuske sterilizovannykh samtsov na opytnoe pole dlya istrebleniya populyatsij. Daetsya opisanie dal'nejshego khoda kampanii po istrebleniyu bych'ego ovoda Cochliomyla homlnlvorax (Cqrl.) v Soedinennykh Shtatakh Ameriki i izucheniya razvedeniya sil'nykh, geneticheski markirovannykh osobej, kotorye pozvolyat legko vyyavlyat' vypushchennykh na votgyu sterilizovannykh ovodov. Obsuzhdayutsya takzhe rezul'taty issledovanij po oblucheniyu 6 dopolnitel'nykh vidov vreditelej, porazhayushchikh frukty, ovoshchi, polevye i lesnye kul'tury, 3 vidov, porazhaptsikh skot, i 3 vidov, napadayushchikh glavnym obrazom na cheloveka, a takzhe vozdejstvie oblucheniya ka skorpionov Centruroides limpidus (Karsch), odnozvezdchatogo kleshcha AshYuovdaa americanum (L.); dalee obsuzhdaetsya vozmozhnost' ispol'zovaniya ioniziruitsego izlucheniya v kachestve vozmozhnogo garantijnogo sredstva dlya dezinfestatsii ovoshchej i

A Multi-Scaler Recording System and its Application to Radiometric ''Off-Line'' Analysis; Systeme d'Enregistrement a Echelles de Comptage Multiples et son Appucation aux Analyses Radlometriques Hors Circuit; Mul'tiskalyarnaya registriruyushchaya sistema i ee primenenie k radiometricheskim i ''vnelinejnym'' analizam; Un Sistema de Registro de Multiples Escalimetros y su Aplicacion al Analisis Radiometrico Discontinuo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bisby, H. [Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell, Berks. (United Kingdom)

1966-02-15

, trebujushhajasja dlja kontrolja i ucheta, osnovyvaetsja na jeffektivnom ispol'zovanii laboratornyh metodov i priborov dlja tochnogo analiza harakternyh obrazcov, vzjatyh iz tehnologicheskogo potoka. Jeti metody, i v chastnosti te, kotorye svjazany s impul'snymi schetnymi sistemami, mogut byt' avtomatizirovany s pomoshh'ju sovremennyh priborov, takih, kakie budut opisany v doklade, i ot kotoryh dannye poluchajutsja v vide cifr v jelektronnyh nakopiteljah (pere- schetnye ustrojstva). Dlja upravlenija bol'shim zavodom nuzhno imet' mnogo nezavisimo upravljaemyh otdel'nyh schetnyh sistem takogo roda i, takim obrazom, ne imejushhih mezhdu soboj vremennoj korreljacii. Avtomaticheskaja sistema zapisi dannyh, opisannaja v nastojashhem doklade, predstavljaet soboj ustrojstvo otscheta pokazanij obshhih dannyh bolee, chem 50 nezavisimo dejstvujushhih schetnyh sistem, dannyh zapisyvajushhego schetnogo ustrojstva, a takzhe obrazca i sistemy identifikacii i absoljutno tochnogo vremeni kazhdogo otscheta pokazanij. Dannye mogut zapisyvat'sja v takom vide, kotoryj prigoden dlja posledujushhej obrabotki na vychislitel'noj mashine, na razlichnogo roda lentah i perfokartah, posledovatel'no ili parallel'no pechatajushhih ustrojstvah ili magnitnyh. Krome togo, mozhno avtomaticheski proverjat' pravil'nost' raboty, zapisyvajushhej sistemy, vkljuchaja pereschetnye ustrojstva v ljuboj sisteme, chto ne otrazhaetsja na rabote drugih schetnyh sistem. Delaetsja vyvod, chto jeffektivnyj kolichestvennyj kontrol' na zavode osnovyvaetsja na bystrom ischerpyvajushhem analize obrazcov v laboratornyh uslovijah. Verojatno v budushhem vozmozhno i bolee celesoobrazno razrabotat' ustrojstvo ''vne potoka'', a ne priborov na potoke. Daetsja obzor zhelatel'nyh harakteristik priborov v takoj laboratorii, i na primere demonstriruetsja cennost' ispol'zovannyh priborov i tochnoj gibkoj sistemy registracii dannyh. Upominajutsja vozmozhnye razrabotki v budushhem v oblasti obrabotki dannyh, kotorye mogut privesti k sozdaniju

Interesting Developments in UO{sub 2} Technology; Progres interessants dans la technologie du bioxyde d'uranium; Interesnye usovershenstvovaniya tekhnologii UO{sub 2}; Recientes progresos en la tecnologia del UO{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robertson, J. A.L. [Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, Ontario (Canada)

1963-11-15

vydelenie iz UO{sub 2} gazov, yavlyayushchikhsya produktami deleniya. V chastnosti, uvelichenie oblucheniya s 10{sup 15} do 10{sup 18} delenij/cm{sup 2} mozhet snizit' ochevidnye skorosti diffuzii dlya ksenona v UO{sub 2} pri posleduyushchikh obzhigakh na koehffitsient 10{sup 3}. Gaz, po-vidimomu, uderzhivaetsya v mel'chajshikh lovushkakh, chast' iz kotorykh sushchestvuet v iskhodnom materiale, a chast' obrazuetsya v rezul'tate radiatsionnogo povrezhdeniya. Tshchatel'nyj analiz pokazal sushchestvovanie medlennoj utechki iz lovushek, chto, veroyatno, ob''yasnyaetsya ogranichennoj rastvorimost'yu ksenona v UO{sub 2}. Vozmozhnost' osushchestvleniya izmerenij v reaktore otkryvaet novuyu fazu eshche bolee vazhnykh ehksperimentov. Oni pokazhut, imeyutsya li kakie-libo potentsial'nye ehkonomicheskie preimushchestva v novykh formakh topliva. V to zhe vremya budut prodolzhat'sya nastojchivye razrabotki spechenoj UO{sub 2} v prostoj geometrii sterzhnya. (author)

Power Reactor Design at Zero Power; Etudes de Reacteurs de Puissance, au Moyen de Machines de Puissance Zero; Konstruktsiya ehnergeticheskogo reaktora nulevoj moshchnosti; Diseno de Reactores Generadores con Ayuda de Reactores de Potencia Nula

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Redman, W. C.; Plumlee, K. E.; Baird, Q. L. [Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL (United States)

1964-02-15

obsuzhdenii programm ob{sup j}asnjajutsja obstojatel'stva, vlijajushhie na vybor jeksponen- cial'nyh i chisto kriticheskih sborok, maketov ustanovok nulevoj moshhnosti i jeksperimen- tov na samom reaktore dlja poluchenija neobhodimyh dannyh, a takzhe ta rol', kotoruju igrajut vspomogatel'nye analiticheskie raboty. Na konkretnyh primerah pokazyvaetsja, kakie mo- gut byt' polucheny dannye do nachala raboty reaktora na moshhnosti. Jeti dannye vkljuchajut ostatochnuju reaktivnost' vykljuchennogo reaktora, zapas reaktivnosti dlja jekspluatacionnyh nuzhd, temperaturnye kojefficienty, jeffektivnost' regulirujushhih i avarijnyh sterzhnej, kinetiku reaktora, harakteristiki proizvodstva jenergii, trebovanija v otnoshenii puskovogo istochnika i chuvstvitel'nosti priborov, trebovanija v otnoshenii zashhity i balans nejtro- nov . V obzore nedavnih jeksperimentov v reaktorah nulevoj moshhnosti vyjavljaetsja bol'shaja rol', kotoruju igrajut v poslednee vremja jeksponencial'nye i kriticheskie sistemy v vypol- nenii Argonskoj laboratoriej zadach po razrabotke konstrukcij reaktorov. Ih rol' v budu- shhem vidna iz kratkogo izlozhenija osushhestvljaemyh i zaplanirovannyh programm dlja sem'i dejstvujushhih reaktorov nulevoj moshhnosti Argonskoj laboratorii i ozhidaemogo popolnenija. (author)

High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor Critical Experiment and its Application to Thorium Absorption Rates; Experience Critique pour l'Etude d'un Reacteur a Haute Temperature, Refroidi par un Gaz et son Application a la Determination des Taux d'Absorption du Thorium; Kriticheskij opyt, postavlennyj na vysokotemperaturnom reaktore s gazovym okhlazhdeniem, i primenenie ego dlya opredeleniya stepeni pogloshcheniya toriya; Experimento Critico Efectuado en un Reactor de Elevada Temperatura Refrigerado por Gas y su Aplicacion para Calcular los Indices de Absorcion del Torio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bardes, R. G.; Brown, J. R.; Drake, M. K.; Fischer, P. U.; Pound, D. C.; Sampson, J. B.; Stewart, H. B. [General Dynamics Corporation,San Diego, CA (United States)

1964-04-15

significativo debido a que en las obras publicadas subsiste cierta divergencia en los resultados obtenidos con ambas tecnicas. (author) [Russian] Pri razrabotke idei reaktora HTGR i ego pervogo prototipa v Pich- Bottome prishli k resheniju o neobhodimosti obespechit' sootvetstvujushhie ishodnye dannye dlja provedenija jadernogo analiza. Konkretnye potrebnosti teorii jadernogo proektirovanija na ishodnyh dannyh otnositel'no pogloshhenija torija priveli k sozdaniju jeksperimental'nogo proekta, sostojashhego iz kriticheskoj sborki tipa sborki s central'noj reshetkoj s okruzhajushhim ammortizatorom i peredvizhnymi aktivnymi zonami. Sborka takogo tipa, v kotoroj v sravnitel'no nebol'shoj central'noj reshetke s zhelaemoj geometriej mozhet byt' ustanovlen predstavljajushhij interes spektr, javljaetsja poleznoj ustanovkoj dlja poluchenija raznoobraznyh ishodnyh dannyh v celjah provedenija jadernogo analiza novyh idej. Obsuzhdajutsja konkretnye preimushhestva jetogo metoda po sravneniju so stroitel'stvom sborki-modeli, a takzhe rol' teorii v opredelenii, kakie opyty javljajutsja naibolee poleznymi i kak jeti opyty zatem ispol'zujutsja pri proverke metodov proektirovanija. - Byli razrabotany dva sravnitel'no novyh metoda dlja ispol'zovanija v sborke reshetok - metod izmerenija kolebanij reaktivnosti dlja opredelenija kojefficienta Dopplera dlja torija i metod aktivacii dlja opredelenija kak rezonansnogo integrala torija, dispergirovannogo v grafite, tak i ego zavisimosti ot temperatury (kojefficient aktivacii Dopplera). Pri izmerenii kojefficienta Dopplera putem opredelenija kolebanij reaktivnosti ves' central'nyj toplivnyj jelement ispol'zovalsja takim obrazom, chto byla vozmozhnost' osushhestvit' nagrev toplivnogo jelementa do 800 Registered-Sign F i tochno opredelit' opytnym putem teplovye jeffekty, t.e. te jeffekty, kotorye ne okazyvajut vlijanija na velichinu rezonansvogo zahvata torija. Sravnenie rezul'tatov s teoriej dlja rjada uslovij svidetel'stvuet o prekrasnom soglasovanii

Applications of Fluorine-18 in Biological Studies with Special Reference to Bone and Thyroid Physiology; Emploi du Fluor-18 dans des Études Biologiques, Notamment sur la Physiologie des Os et de la Thyroïde; ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ФТОРА-18 В БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ С УДЕЛЕНИЕМ ОСОБОГО ВНИМАНИЯ ВОПРОСАМ ФИЗИОЛОГИИ КОСТЕЙ И ФИЗИОЛОГИИ ПИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ; Aplicaciones del Fluor-18 en Estudios Biologicos, con Especial Referencia a la Fisiologia del Esqueleto y de la Tiroides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anbar, M. [Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel); IAEC Soreq Research Establishment, Rehovot (Israel)

1963-03-15

, chto fiziologicheskoe povedenie F{sup -} vo mnogom analogichno povedeniju kal'cija; okazalos', chto nakoplenie R {approx} v kostjah uvelichivaetsja pod vlijaniem vitamina D i teosterona, v to vremja kak kortizon i jestrogeny umen'shajut stepen' nakoplenija ftora. Pri vvedenii ftora v vide kationnogo kompleksa harakter ego raspredelenija v organizme izmenjalsja. Bylo ustanovleno, chto mechennye F{sup 18}YF{sup ++} i ZF{sup +3} podchinjajutsja pravilam raspredelenija ishodnyh kationov. Bylo pokazano, chto iony ftoroboratov nakaplivajutsja v shhitovidnoj zheleze v kolichestve, sravnimom s nakopleniem ionov ioda. Iony ftoroboratov ne vstupajut v kakie-libo organicheokie svjazi v shhitovidnoj zheleze, i ih pogloshhenie javljaetsja specificheskim pokazatelem funkcii stadii zahvata dlja zhelezy. Ftoroboraty, mechennye R1v primenjajutsja d.;ja reshenija razlichnyh problem fiziologii shhitovidnoj zhelezy. Pokazano, chto TSH umen'shaet pogloshhenie BF; v pervye neskol'ko chasov posle vvedenija i uvelichivaet cherez 24 chasa. BF{sub 4}{sup -} okazyval takoe zhe tormozjashhee dejstvie na process pogloshhenija joda, kak i zhelezo, med', cink, kadmij, ftoristme soedinenija, tiocianat i drugie ionm, chto ukazyvaet na narushenie' fazy zahvata. Pri provedenii analogichnoj serii opytov bylo obnaruzheno, chto soedinenija, soderzhashhie sul'fgidril'nye gruppy, ravno kak i iony azida, uvelichivajut zahvat vtoro- boratov, hotja i umen'shajut obshhee pogloshhenie joda. Dalee, bylo pokazano, chto v faze zahvata chuvstvitel'nost' k oblucheniju znachitel'no men'she, chem v stadijah obrazovanija i vydelenija tiroksina. Ftoroboraty, mechennye F{sup 18}, shiroko primenjalis' dlja opredelenija lokalizacii mozgovyh opuholej o pomoshh'ju napravlennogo skanniruhvcego ustrojstva na sovpadenijah, vvidu ogranichennoj pronicaeyooti Dlja jetih ionov nepovrezhdennogo gematojencefalicheskogo bar'era. Byod polucheny i primenjalis' v issledovanijah fiziologii kostej ftoroaromaticheskie komplekso- obrazuhhcie

Review of the United States Army Wholesomeness of Irradiated Food Program (1955-1966); Apercu du Programme d'Etudes de l'Armee des Etats Unis sur la Comestibilite des Produits Alimentaires Irradies (1955-1966); Obzor programmy Amerikanskoj armii po voprosu sokhraneniya vkusovykh i pitatel'nykh'kachestv obluchennykh pishchevykh produktov (1955-1966); Programa del Ejercito de Los Estados Unidos Relativo a la Comestibilidad de los Alimentos Irradiados

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raica, N. Jr. [United States Army Medical Research And Nutrition Laboratory, Fitzsimons General Hospital, Denver, CO (United States); Howie, D. L. [United States Army Medical Research and Development Command, Office of the Surgeon General, Washington, DC (United States)

1966-11-15

proporcion de 32% a 100%. Se llego a las siguientes conclusiones: a) los alimentos irradiados con rayos gamma o con electrons de 10 MeV, en dosis de 5,6 Mrad como maximo, sori tan comestibles como los alimentos no irradiados; b) en general, las perdidas de vitaminas por'irradiacion son analogas a las que produce el tratamiento termico; c) en los alimentos irradiados con cobalto-60 o con electrones de 10 MeV no existe radiactividad inducida detectable; d). los alimentos irradiados son, en general, tan aceptables como los no irradiados. En vista de estas conclusiones, la autoridad competente de los Estados Unidos ha aprobado la irradiacion de los siguientes alimentos: tocino, dosis de 4,5 Mrad, cobalto-60 o electrones de 10 MeV; trigo y derivados, dosis de 50 krad, cobalto-60; patatas, dosis de 10 krad, electrones de 2 MeV; Se estan estudiando o tramitando otras autorizaciones. (author) [Russian] Armija SShA shiroko izuchala mnogie voprosy, kasajushhiesja primenenija ionizirujushhego obluchenija dlja sohranenija pishhevyh produktov. . Rassmatrivajutsja dannye, otvechajushhie na vopros o sohranenii vkusovyh i pitatel'nyh.kachestv(s tochki zrenija toksikologii, pitatel'nosti i, chastichno, mikrobiologicheskoj bezopasnosti) obluchennyh pishhevyh produktov. Bylo zaversheno izuchenie rezul'tatov dlitel'nogo kormljonija zhivotnyh i pokazano, chto obluchennye pishhevye produkt sohranjajut svoi kachestva v toj zhe stepeni, i, kak pravilo, tak zhe prjjomlemy, kak'i pishhevye produkty, obrabotannye obychnym sposobom. Dannye byli polucheny blagodarja usilijam bolee-30 universitetskih, kommercheskih i pravitel'stvennyh laboratorij i vkljuchajut v sebja rezul'taty kormlenija obluchennymi pishhevymi produktami (mjaso, ryba, frukty, juvoshhi i -dr. - vsego 21: vid) 15 000 myshej, 5000 roditel'skih pokolenij krys, 300 sobak i 37 obez'jan. Kak pravilo, produkty byli oblucheny dozami do 2,79 i 5,58 megarada. Istochnikami obluchenija sluzhili otrabotavshie toplivnye, sterzhni, ustanovki s kobal