UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundCD26 (dipeptidyl peptidase IV, DPPIV) is a 110 kDa surface glycoprotein expressed in most normal tissues, and is a potential novel therapeutic target for selected cancers....Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Papers are presented on space power requirements and issues, space photovoltaic systems, space solar dynamic systems, space thermal systems, manned and unmanned space power systems, thermionics, and thermoelectrics. Also considered are high power devices for space power systems, high power conversion for space power systems, 1-10 kWe nuclear space power sources, 100-kW class nuclear power concepts, space reactor safety, and multimegawatt space nuclear power systems. Other topics include space power systems automation, space kilovolt technology, space power electronics, space lithium and nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium sodium storage, and space fuel cells. Papers are also presented on space nickel hydrogen batteries, alternative energy concepts and fuels, fuel cell technology, flow batteries, high-temperature batteries, energy conservation, battery energy storage, thermal energy storage, heat engines, MHD power systems, nuclear fission, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

W have introduced template-synthesized metal phosphate nanoparticle labels for electrochemical immunoassay. Such use of an apoferritin template offers a simple and convenient route to prepare metallic nanoparticle labels for electrochemical immunoassays and avoid the complicated and time-consuming nanoparticle synthesis process (QD synthesis). Releasing metal ions from metal phosphate in an acetate buffer (pH 4.6) eliminates the harsh condition in the traditional metallic nanoparticle dissolution (e.g., strong acid dissolution of QDs and gold nanoparticles). This method is ultrasensitive and its DL is low to 77fM. The simultaneous detection of multiple protein targets is easily performed by using different metal phosphate nanoparticle labels (cadmium phosphate and lead phosphate). This approach can be extended to prepare multiple metal (such as zinc, lead, cadmium, copper, indium, gold, silver) phosphate nanoparticle labels ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Investigations of cadmium toxicity to microorganisms are now more concerned with the interactions of cadmium with different environmental factors and other metals. The interactions are complex and have not been thoroughly studied yet. Metal interactions may assume the form of synergism characterized by increase in toxicity, but also of antagonism in which one metal reduces the toxicity of another. Apart from cadmium interactions with such toxic metals as mercury and lead, interactions of cadmium with the essential trace elements seem to be very interesting because it has been assumed that algal cells take up cadmium by the system transporting these elements. A previous study showed that cadmium transport into Stichococcus bacillaris cells was inhibited by Mn/sup 2 +/ ions. Thus, it can be supported that there exist some possibilities of using those ions ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In processes of this invention aqueous waste solutions containing a variety of mixed waste contaminants are treated to remove the contaminants by a sequential addition of chemicals and adsorption/ion exchange powdered materials to remove the contaminants including lead, cadmium, uranium, cesium-137, strontium-85/90, trichloroethylene and benzene, and impurities including iron and calcium. Staged conditioning of the waste solution produces a polydisperse system of size enlarged complexes of the contaminants in three distinct configurations: water-soluble metal complexes, insoluble metal precipitation complexes, and contaminant-bearing particles of ion exchange and adsorbent materials. The volume of the waste is reduced by separation of the polydisperse system by cross-flow microfiltration, followed by low-temperature evaporation and/or filter pressing. The water produced as filtrate is discharged if it meets a specified target water quality, or ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radiolabeled lipiodol has been used for targeting liver cancer. We developed a lipiodol solution of {sup 188}Re-TDD (2,2,9,9-tetramethyl-4,7-diaza-1,10-decanedithiol) and investigated its feasibility for the treatment of liver cancer. The lipiodol solution of {sup 188}Re-TDD was well-retained in the lipiodol phase in vitro. After injection through the tail veins of mice, high lung-uptake was investigated which is evidence of embolizing activity. We also found high accumulation in hepatoma after injection through the hepatic arteries of hepatoma-bearing rats. In conclusion, the lipiodol solution of {sup 188}Re-TDD is a promising agent for liver cancer therapy.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... cadmium sulfides communications electrons performance testing physical

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Elaboration of Electrochemical Solar Energy Converter Incorporating Cadmium Selenide Semiconductor Developed Electrochemically

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A gel-type "9"9Mo-"9"9"mTc generator using Titanium-Molybdate target (TiMo-target) as column packing was developed in Radioisotope Department, the Dalat Nuclear Research Institute [1]. The concentration of trace elements in TiMo-target and radionuclidic purity in "9"9"mTc solution eluted from this type of generator were studied for quality control purpose. The monostandard method in neutron activation analysis has been applied to determine the concentration of trace impurities in titanium-molybdate target. For neutron activation analysis, TiMo samples were irradiated in the different channels of nuclear reactor IVV-9 at a neutron flux of maximum 2.1 x 10"1"3 n.cm"-"2s"-"1. The following chemical element impurities were determined: Na, W, Co, Fe, Zn, Ag, Sb and Cr. The gamma ray emitted nuclides found in "9"9"mTc solution eluted from our "9"9"mTc generator were the following: "6"5Zn, "6"0Co, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To evaluate the role of phytochelatins and metallothioneins in heavy metal tolerance of black mangrove Avicennia germinans, 3-month-old seedlings were exposed to cadmium or copper for 30 h, under hydroponic conditions. Degenerate Mt2 and PCS primers were synthesized based on amino acid and nucleotide alignment sequences reported for Mt2 and PCS in other plant species found in GenBank. Total RNA was isolated from A. germinans leaves and two partial fragments of metallothionein and phytochelatin synthase genes were isolated. Gene expression was evaluated with reverse transcripatase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification technique. Temporal analysis showed that low Cd{sup 2+} and Cu{sup 2+} concentrations caused a slight (but not significant) increase in AvMt2 expression after a 16 h exposure time, while AvPCS expression showed a significant increase under the same conditions but only after 4 h. Results strongly suggest that the rapid increase in AvPCS ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Executive Body adopted the Protocol on Heavy Metals on 24 June 1998 in Aarhus (Denmark). It targets three particularly harmful metals: cadmium, lead and mercury. According to one of the basic obligations, parties will have to reduce their emissions for these three metals below their levels in 1990. The Protocol aims to cut emissions from industrial sources, combustion process and waste incineration. It lays down strighten limit values for emissions from stationary sources and suggests best available techniques (BAT) for these sources, such as special filters or scrubbers for combustion sources or mercury-free processes. The Protocol requires parties to phase out leaded petrol. It also introduces measures to lower heavy metal emissions from other products, such as mercury in batteries, and proposes the introduciton of management measures for other mercury-containing products, such as electrical componets (thermostats, switches), measuring ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The leukocyte-enriched p110γ and p110δ isoforms of PI3K have been shown to control in vitro degranulation of mast cells induced by cross-linking...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Populus yunnanensis was employed as a model species to detect sexual differences in growth, physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural responses to cadmium (Cd) stress, nitrogen...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundEvidence on human semen quality as it relates to exposure to various metals, both essential (e.g., zinc, copper) and nonessential (e.g., cadmium, lead), is inconsistent....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

He ions incident at grazing angles on Cu(110) and Ni(110) surfaces are neutralised into triplet and singlet states, of which the 3p, 3d and 4d upper states are accessible to optical spectroscopy. In the energy range from 500 eV to 15 keV no significant energy dependence of the relative intensities of singlet and triplet lines was observed for scattering on Cu(110). The intensities from Ni(110) are higher and the singlet to triplet intensity ratio of the 3d to 2p transition is about 6% smaller than that from Cu(110). The results can be explained well by assuming resonant charge capture into excited He and intermediate formation of negative He/sup -/ states.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A solar cell structure is produced by a method comprising baking the solar cell, containing a gridded top layer of cuprous sulfide formed on a base of cadmium sulfide, for 20 minutes to 10 hours, to produce a copper doped cds electrically insulating region in the cadmium sulfide base near the interface of the cuprous sulfide and the cadmium sulfide; removing the cuprous sulfide, and the copper doped cds insulating region not covered by the grid, to provide a bare cadmium sulfide areas; and then forming a cuprous sulfide layer on the exposed areas not covered by the grid.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... bismuth chlorides bismuth 207 cadmium chlorides efficiency evaporation high

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper reports the recovery of zinc and cadmium following 6.1 MeV alpha particle irradiation at 4.2 K as studied by means of electrical reistivity measurements. Specimens of 10 #mu#m thick have been used in order to obtain a homogeneous defect distribution over the whole thickness of the specimen. The pre-irradiation resistivity ratios were 700 and 750 for cadmium and zinc, respectively. (Auth.).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Cadmium (Cd) exposure causes glucosuria (glucose in the urine). Previously, it was shown that Cd exposure of primary cultures of mouse kidney cells (PMKC) decreased mRNA levels of the glucose...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The crystallite size and orientation in molybdenum films prepared by magnetron sputtering at a low rate of typical 1 (angstrom)s and a pressure of 0.45 Pa was investigated by X-ray diffraction and texture analysis. The surface topography was studied using atomic force microscopy. Increasing the film thickness from 20 nm to 3 microm, the films show a turnover from a (110) fiber texture to a (211) mosaic-like texture. In the early state of growth (20 nm thickness) the development of dome-like structures on the surface is observed. The number of these structures increases with film thickness, whereas their size is weakly influenced. The effect of texture turnover is reduced by increasing the deposition rate by a factor of six, and it is absent for samples mounted above the center of the magnetron source. The effect of texture turnover is related to the bombardment of the films with high energetic argon neutrals resulting from backscattering at the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heavy metals discharged from industries are a major source of pollution which has become a threat to all forms of life. Among the various heavy metals, cadmium is known to be highly toxic even in low concentrations. The harmful effects of cadmium is attributed to its effects on sulfhydryl groups of enzymes, especially dehydrogenases. Various aspects of cadmium pollution on fishes have been extensively reviewed. A survey of the literature reveals that few attempts have been made to study the various aspects of cadmium toxicity in crustaceans and these studies were mainly devoted to marine forms. The freshwater crustaceans, particularly the freshwater field crab, Barytelphusa guerini, has received little attention. The present study reports the influence of cadmium on certain aspects of protein metabolism in the tissues of a freshwater field crab, Barytelphusa guerini, and important ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cadmium is an environmental toxic metal implicated in human diseases. The mechanism of its toxicity is not fully understood. Therefore, the role of cadmium in renal toxicity, and the protective role of selenium against this toxicity were investigated. Forty-five male rats were used through out the study and divided into three groups of 15. The first group received saline solution daily for 10 days. The second group, received cadmium chloride (CdCl_2) (2 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally daily for a period of 10 days. The third group, received sodium selenite (1 mg/kg body weight, twice a day) and CdCl_2 (once a day) for a period of 10 days. The results showed that cadmium treatment increased renal lipid peroxidation (measured as malondialdehyde, MDA) which was associated with a significant decrease in the antioxidant systems such as reduced glutathione levels and the activities of glutathione ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author describes the Gamma -spectrum analysis results of "1"1"0"mAg, the method used, and the coincidence correction theory on which the analysis is based. The samples were placed at the upper end of the detector. The monitoring results of "1"1"0"mAg in the surrounding marine area from the beginning of operation of the Daya Bay nuclear power plant are reviewed as well. The results showed that "1"1"0"mAg traces were detected in some marine species. However, the concentrations observed are far below the National Standard limits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slovak 1985. p. 110-111. Czechoslovakia Moravek, J. Pietrik, I. Janecka,

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cadmium is a toxic, non-essential heavy metal inhibiting numerous enzymes with functional sulfhydryl groups. Among the animals, aquatic organisms are most sensitive to heavy metals. Various aspects of toxic effects of cadmium pollution on fishes have been extensively reviewed. Survey of literature reveals that relatively few attempts have been made on the various aspects of cadmium toxicity in crustaceans and these studies were mainly devoted to marine forms. The freshwater crustaceans, particularly the freshwater field crab, Barytelphusa guerini, received less attention. This crab forms one of the major components of the paddy field ecosystem and has an edible importance among local populations. Apart from this, these crabs are easily available, maintainable in the laboratory and data obtained in this study can be extrapolated to other crustaceans. The present study reports the influence of cadmium on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

E. coli HB101 cells transformed to tetracycline resistance with the plasmids pMB9 or pBR322 display a 10/sup 5/-10/sup 6/-fold lower plating efficiency on agar containing 440 ..mu..M CdCl/sub 2/ than nontransformed cells. When DNA is inserted into the BamH1 site of the plasmid tet gene, or when DNA spanning the BamH1 site is deleted, tetracycline resistance and cadmium hypersensitivity are both lost. In contrast, insertion of DNA into the ampicillin resistance gene does not affect cadmium hypersensitivity.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... v. 14(8) p. 624-625. azido compounds cadmium complexes potentiometry

Science.gov (United States)

Sputtering of glass coatings on cadmium sulfide thin film solar cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: 2002-Mar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new method for the separation and determination of trace amounts of cadmium and zinc in water as their thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) complexes with dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6) in o-dichlorobenzene has been established by means of synergistic extraction and back-extraction combined with atomic absorption spectrometry. The effect of various factors (synergism with TTA and DB18C6, shaking time, composition of the extracted species, and mutual separation etc.) on the extraction and back-extraction of cadmium and zinc has been in- vestigated. When the mixtures were extracted for 4 min at pH 4.9, only zinc was extracted quantitatively, whereas cadmium remained in the aqueous phase. After the phases were separated, cadmium was again extracted quantitatively at pH 7.5. Then, the two phases were each shaken with 0.05-0.1 mol/l HCl in order to back-extract cadmium and zinc from the organic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Binding of Cd/sup 2 +/ ions in aqueous solutions of statistical copolymers of acrylamide with cadmium acrylate with different content of ionogenic groups in copolymers was investigated by polarography, conductometry, viscometry and dialysis. It is shown that the degree of binding of Cd/sup 2 +/ ions increases with increasing of the content of ionogenic groups in the copolymer and with decreasing of ionic strength of the solution. The values of the degree of binding of Cd/sup 2 +/ ions obtained by polarography and dialysis show satisfactory agreement.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Exhaust fine and ultra fine particle numbers, particle sizes, mass, shape, structure and density were studied from Euro II - EEV emission level heavy-duty vehicles. For total particle emission factors city buses were run on dynamic conditions simulating city bus driving. The new heavy-duty chassis dynamometer of VTT was used. Vehicles were a comprehensive sample of current city bus fleet, the type approved emission level of which was Euro II - Euro III. Also cleaner engines of Euro IV to EEV targeted emission level were included: CRT, CNG, DPF. Particle emissions of these buses were extremely low; numbers 1/100 - 1/1000 and masses 1/10 - 1/100 of those of the predominating techniques. Morphological properties of fine particle populations that represent majority of particle size distribution (Da < 500 nm) are being analyzed by image processing (Matlab) from electron microscopical images (SEM, ESEM and TEM) as a function of particle size. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Discrepancies between the energy level schemes of "1"0"9Cd determined by radioactive decay studies and "1"1"0Cd(d, t) reaction studies were investigated by a new study of the "1"1"0Cd(d, t) reaction. Sixteen triton groups were found, J/sup pi/ assignments were made, and spectroscopic factors and fullnesses of single particle states were determined and compared with those for isotonic nuclei. The results remove or clarify all previous discrepancies.

Science.gov (United States)

... 110 Page 9. CONTENTS (Continued) Evaluation of Antivenin for Common Cobra (Naja naja) and Blue Krait (Bungarus caeruleus) Venoms I 13 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

English 2004 [2 p.] Brazil Soares, SF Dire, Glaucio Abreu, Paulo Jesus,

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Iron, zinc, copper and manganese are essential metals for cellular enzyme functions while cadmium, mercury and the metalloid arsenic lack any biological function. Both, essential metals, at high concentrations, and non-essential metals and metalloids are extremely reactive and toxic. Therefore, plants have acquired specialized mechanisms to sense, transport and maintain essential metals within physiological concentrations and to detoxify non-essential metals and metalloids. This review focuses on the recent identification of transporters that sequester cadmium and arsenic in vacuoles and the mechanisms mediating the partitioning of these metal(loid)s between roots and shoots. We further discuss recent models of phloem-mediated long-distance transport, seed accumulation of Cd and As and rec...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

National soil quality criteria for the protection of ecological receptors, including livestock and wildlife, are currently under development in Canada. Based on an evaluation of direct soil contact and soil and food ingestion pathways for sensitive species, soil quality criteria for lead, copper, arsenic, cadmium and mercury for three land use categories have been derived. The draft values, in mg/kg soil, for agricultural, residential/parkland, commercial/industrial land uses are: mercury, 4, 4, 30; copper, 62, 62, 100; cadmium, 10, 10, 27; lead, 70, 250, 400; arsenic, 17, 17, 26. Critical data requirements in developing soil quality criteria are also reviewed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Photon yields were measured from Cu(110) bombarded by H"+, H_2"+ and He"+ with different energies. The energy dependence is different from previous studies at perpendicular incidence. A calculation of the energy dependence of resonant charge capture into the n=3 state of H is compared with experiment. (G.Q.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The use of oil-filled high-pressure electric cables has increased significantly. In recent years, the electric cable industry has developed new designs, manufacturing technology, and has mastered the production of 110 to 220 kV cables without using a temporary lead sheath. The design, fabrication, and performance of high-pressure electric cables for power systems are discussed.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

PurposeHeavy metals and other forms of oxidative stress have been implicated as key factors in the formation of age-related cataract in humans. Metallothioneins are...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Cd-binding protein was extracted from tomato roots and purified on QAE-Sephadex A-25 and on Sephadex G-75 in 1 molar KCl buffer. The protein preparation was light brown and contained predominantly Cd...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Topics covered include various aspects of solar cell fabrication and performance. Aluminium-gallium arsenides, cadmium telluride, amorphous silicon, and copper-indium-gallium selenides are all characterized in their applicability in solar cells.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document, Part 2 of Volume 2, provides appendices to this report and includes the following technologies, zinc/air battery; lithium/molybdenum disulfide battery; sodium/sulfur battery; nickel/cadmium battery; nickel/iron battery; iron/oxygen battery and iron/air battery. (FI)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A small scale biomass metal contacting experiment was performed to screen the optimal plant species for biosorption and bioaccumulation of cadmium, zinc, nickel, lead, and copper. Experiments were also conducted to test the ability of the biomass to lower the metal concentrations below the US Environmental Protection Agency surface water discharge criteria. The minimum residual concentration was 0.1 mg/L for zinc, 0.004 mg/L for lead, and about 0.01 mg/L for cadmium, nickel, and lead. Results indicate that water milfoil can be used for bioremoval of metals.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A cross-sectional medical examination of a copper smelter work force included determination of blood lead (Pb-B), zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), blood cadmium (Cd-B), urinary cadmium (Cd-U), and urinary arsenic (As-U), since it was known that such metal impurities were present in the copper concentrate. A total of 776 copper smelter employees (680 active and 96 retirees and ex-employees) were examined. Another 144 men, never employed in the smelter, but who had worked in copper mines (and sometimes in gold mines) were also examined. Mean Pb-B, ZPP, Cd-B, and As-U were significantly higher in active copper smelter employees than in retirees or miners, indicating exposure and absorption in the copper smelter. Significant correlations between Pb-B and Cd-B, and Cd-U and As-U were present, confirming the common source of absorption. Although there was evidence for an increased lead absorption, this was very moderate, with practically no Pb-B levels in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The amounts of lead and cadmium produced and processed in these days are considerable. As a result, our environment is increasingly polluted by heavy metals and industrial installations, motor vehicles or incinerating plants appear to be among the main culprits here. Air and water are the media permitting the entry of heavy metals into our natural environment where they accumulate in the soil and then gradually migrate into the plants. Their further transport in the food constitutes the third step in the environmental spread of heavy metals. The consumption of muscle and organ meats, of vegetables, fruits, canned food and drinking water is unavoidably associated with some ingestion of lead and cadmium. The degree to which they are taken up and stored in different tissues is determined by absorption properties and the nutritional state of the organism. Cadmium tends to accumulate in the kidneys, lead is mainly stored in the ...

J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

All microRNA (miRNA) target—finder algorithms return lists of candidate target genes. How valid is that output in a biological setting? Transcriptome analysis has proven to be a useful approach...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An experimental study was performed in order to study the nuclear structure in odd--odd In isotopes. Low lying nuclear energy levels in "1"1"0In and "1"1"2In were determined from de-excitation #gamma#-rays produced with "1"0"7AG(#alpha#,n#gamma#)"1"1"0In, "1"0"8Pd("6Li,4n#gamma#)"1"1"0In, "1"0"9Ag(#alpha#,n#gamma#)"1"1"2In and "1"1"0Pd("6Li,4n#gamma#)"1"1"2In reactions. In addition, the "1"1"4In energy level structure was investigated with the "1"1"0Pd("7Li,3n#gamma#)"1"1"4In reaction. Properties of de-excitation #gamma#-rays were determined from #gamma#--#gamma# coincidence excitation and angular distribution measurements conducted with Ge(Li) and Ge(intr.) #gamma#-ray detectors. A sequence of intraconnected levels in each of "1"1"0 "1"1"2 "1"1"4In were assigned to the (#pi#"-"1/sub 9/2/, #nu#h/sub 11/2) configuration. For the "1"1"0 ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Commercial feed rations containing sulfamethazine at the level of 110 ppm were fed for a period of 65 days to market pigs in a study simulating normal farm practices. The levels of sulfamethazine at...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Established Investigators (K18) (PAR-09-090) NIH: Career Enhancement Award for Stem Cell Research (K18) (PA-09-110) NIDCD: NIDCD Research Career Enhancement Award for Established...

Science.gov (United States)

...shall, until three years following the completion of the self-evaluation, maintain on file and make available for public inspections: (1) A description of areas examined and any problems identified, and (2) A description of any...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The pH of the solution is shown to significantly effect the reflection anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) profiles of adenine adsorbed at Au(110)/electrolyte interfaces. At pH 12.8 the net adsorption is very weak due the formation of negative adenine ions in solution. The sensitivity of the RAS profiles to the pH of the solution is probably due to a change in the geometry of the adsorbed molecules caused by a disruption of the base stacking configuration that is adopted when adenine is adsorbed from solutions at pH 7.1. (Abstract Copyright [2010], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We demonstrate reversible movement of (1/2)[110](110) dislocation loops generated from nanodisturbances in a #beta#-titanium alloy. High resolution transmission electron microscope observations during an in situ tensile test found three reversible deformation mechanisms, nanodisturbances, dislocation loops and martensitic transformation, that are triggered in turn with increasing applied stress. All three mechanisms contribute to the nonlinear elasticity of the alloy. The experiments also revealed the evolution of the dislocation loops to disclination dipoles that cause severe local lattice rotations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Absorption and desorption rate data for the system CO/sub 2/-hot carbonate solutions are presented. The data are interpreted on the basis of a film-theory model developed following the procedure recently presented by Astarita and Savage. The agreement is very satisfactory. Values of the kinetic constant of the rate-determining step, previously known only up to a temperature of 40/sup 0/C, have been obtained up to 110/sup 0/C.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Extraction of copper-, nickel-, zinc- and cadmium complexes with 4-(2 pyridilazo)-resorcin (PAR) is studied in the presence of 2-aminopyridine (Am). Maximum optical densities of the extracts are attained at pH=7.5-8.0; 6.0-7.0; 6.5-7.0 and 7.0-8.0, respectively. The ratio of components in the complexes extractable by chloroform was defined by the method of isomolar series and equilibrium shift. It is established that nickel and copper are extracted to the organic phase as the NiAm(PAR)_2 and CuAmPAR complexes, and, in the case of zinc and cadmium, complexes of different composition are extracted, for example Zn(Am)_2PAR and ZnAm(PAR)_2. The light absorption spectra are studied and molar extinction coefficients of complex extracts are determined at lambdasub(max). It is shown that the general low of light absorption is observed within a sufficiently wide range of concentrations for all the elements.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Heat inactivated Aspergillus ustus (Asp), silicon dioxide-nano-powder (N Si), and silicon dioxide nano-powder-combined-heat inactivated Aspergillus ustus (N Si Asp) were used to study the biosorption of Cd(II) from aqueous solutions via batch equilibrium technique. Surface characterization and immobilization of the fungal cells on silicon dioxide-nano-powder were examined and confirmed by using FT-IR and ESM analysis. Cadmium biosorption processes were investigated under the effect of pH, contact time, sorbent dosage and initial metal concentration. The three examined sorbents were found to exhibit maximum mmolg^-^1 capacity values in pH 7.0. The maximum determined cadmium capacity by silicon dioxide-nano-powder (N Si) (600mmolg^-^1) was found higher than that exhibited by the heat inactiv...

Science.gov (United States)

Cadmium telluride single crystals were grown heavily doped with chloride by the THM method. The resulting crystals were n-type with free carrier concentrations of the order of 10('12)/cm at room temperature. Hall effect studies revealed room temperature mobilities between 30 and 350 cm('2)/v-sec and resistivites between 2 x 10('3) and 10('4) ohm-cm. Studies were made of the gamma and alpha counting characteristics of these crystals with metal, metal-semiconductor, and metal-insulator electrodes. It was found that the MIS and MSS structures resulted in significant improvement over the MS structures in counting, signal-to-noise and energy resolution.

CERN Document Server

The development of a replacement to the conventional film based X-ray imaging technique is required for many reasons. One possible route for this is the use of a large area film of a suitable semiconductor overlaid on an amorphous silicon readout array. A suitable semiconductor exists in cadmium telluride and its tertiary alloy cadmium zinc telluride. In this thesis the spectroscopic characteristics of commercially available CZT X- and gamma-radiation detectors are established. The electronic, optical, electro-optic, structural and compositional properties of these detectors are then investigated. The attained data is used to infer a greater understanding for the carrier transport in a CZT radiation detector following the interaction of a high energy photon. Following this a method used to fabricate large area films of CdTe on a commercial scale is described. This is cathodic electrodeposition from an aqueous electrolyte. The theory and ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose Two main pathways of phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils are phytostabilization and phytoextraction. Some soil amendments can strengthen phytostabilization or phytoextraction through either reducing heavy metal bioavailability in soil or increasing the heavy metal accumulation capacity of the hyperaccumulator (enhancing heavy metal concentration or shoot biomass of the hyperaccumulator). Urea and chicken manure are often used as fertilizers. This research will explore their effects on a newly found hyperaccumulator, Rorippa globosa (Turcz.) Thell., phytoremediating cadmium (Cd). Materials and methods Pot culture experiment was conducted to study the accumulation characteristics of R. globosa at different Cd contamination concentrations under one fertilizer level (1?g...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A method is described for determination of aluminium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, manganese, nickel, lead, strontium, zinc, titanium and vanadium in iron ore. After dissolution, a 1 gram sample of iron ore is applied to a column of AGI-X8 anion exchange resin (chloride form), in 100 ml of 7M HCl. Aluminium, chromium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, manganese, nickel, lead, strontium, titanium and vanadium are eluted with 7M HCl; iron, copper and cobalt are eluted with 0.5M HCl; cadmium and zinc are eluted with 2M HNO_3. Iron is subsequently removed from copper and cobalt by a solvent extraction with methyl isobutyl ketone. The elements are determined in the eluates by atomic absorption spectrometry, except for titanium and vanadium, which are determined spectrophotometrically.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

To reconstruct the profiles of heavy metal levels in the South Ocean ecosystem of Antarctica, the concentrations of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) in seal hairs and lake sediments spanning the past 1500?years from Fildes Peninsula of King George Island and in weathering lake sediments from Nelson Island of West Antarctica were determined. The lead contents in the seal hairs and the weathering sediments show a sharp increase since the late 1800s, very likely due to anthropogenic contamination from modern industries. After the 1980s, the Pb content in seal hairs dropped by one-third, apparently due to the reduced usage of leaded gasoline in the Southern Hemisphere. Copper arises mainly from the weathering process, and its level may be substantially affected...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... reactions selenium 74 target selenium 77 target strontium 84 target strontium

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In order to identify novel high value antibacterial targets it is desirable to delineate whether the inactivation of the target enzyme will lead to bacterial death or stasis. This knowledge is particularly...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Experimental and computational investigations were performed in order to better understand the mechanical response of rigid targets with various geometries to the detonation of shallow buried explosives. The motion of the targets was measured by use of high-speed digital video photography. This work involved flat targets, targets that were downwardly convex, and targets that were downwardly concave with explosive charges located at various positions beneath the targets. It was observed that, in general, angled hulls - whether downwardly concave or convex - tended to reduce the amount of momentum imparted to the center of mass of the targets. Computations were performed by use of an arbitrary Langrangian-Eulerian treatment in a nonlinear finite element code. A model based on quasi-static te...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The design of the absorber blocks for internal and external dumping of the SPS proton beam is discussed. In addition, the external target stations for slow and fast extracted proton beams are described.

Science.gov (United States)

Nato SCI-12 on Camouflage Evaluation Workshop on Search and Target Acquisition The Netherlands, June 1999. Image Discrimination Models for Object Detection ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The separation, concentration, and determination of trace elements in iron ores are described. After the sample has been dissolved, the iron is separated by liquid-liquid extraction with a liquid cation-exchanger, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid. The trace elements aluminium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, potassium, sodium, vanadium, and zinc are determined in the aqueous phase by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Thlaspi caerulescens is a heavy metal hyperaccumulator plant species that is able to accumulate extremely high levels of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) in its shoots (30,000 μg...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The levels of four different heavy metals [cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu)] were determined in various vegetables [leek (Allium ampeloprasum), sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), parsley (Petroselium cripsum), gardem cress (lepidium sativum) and tarragon (Artemisia dracuncullus)] cultivated around the Sanandaj city. (Author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Low-lying nuclear energy levels in "1"1"0In and "1"1"2In were determined from de-excitation #gamma#-rays produced with "1"0"7Ag(#alpha#,n#gamma#)-"1"1"0In, "1"0"8Pd("6Li,4n#gamma#)"1"1"0In, "1"0"9Ag(#alpha#,n#gamma#)"1"1"2In and "1"1"0Pd("6Li,4n#gamma#)"1"1"2In reactions. In addition, the "1"1"4In energy level structure was investigated with the "1"1"0Pd("7Li,3n#gamma#)"1"1"4In reaction. Properties of de-excitation #gamma#-rays were determined from #gamma#-#gamma# coincidence, excitation, and angular distribution measurements conducted with Ge(Li) and Ge(intr.) #gamma#-ray detectors. A sequence of intraconnected levels in each of "1"1"0,"1"1"2,"1"1"4In were assigned to the (#pi#g"-"1/sub 9/2/, #nu#h/sub 11/2/) configuration. For the "1"1"0,"1"1"2,"1"1"4In energy level schemes a model calculation has been performed using the pairing-plus-quadrupole model, which reproduced states of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mechanisms and associated energetics for adatom diffusion on the (100) and (110) surfaces of Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd, and Ag are investigated. Self-diffusion was studied on (100) and (I 10) surfaces of Ni, Cu, Pd and Ag using corrected effective medium method (CEM) and approximation to CEM used for molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo studies (MD/MC-CEM). Self-diffusion on Pd(100), Ag(100), Ni(110), Cu(110), Pd(110), and Ag(110) is accomplished by classical diffusion: the adatom hops from its equilibrium adsorption site over an intervening bridge site to an adjacent equilibrium site. Self-diffusion on Ni(100) and Cu(100) proceeds by atomic-exchange diffusion: the adatom on the surface displaces an atom in the first surface layer. Aside from explicit inclusion of the kinetic-exchange-correlation energy, it is critical to include enough movable atoms in the calculation to insure correct ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Berliner Kraft- u. Licht (BEWAG)AG have been conducting investigations during the last several years on a 110 kV low-pressure oil-filled high-power cable with a water cooled conductor and a load capacity of 950 MVA at 110 kV. After successful transport of the cable drums (weight: 16 metric tons; diameter: 4.9 m) from the manufacturing in Cologne, West Germany, to Berlin (West), and after laying of the cable over a 300 m stretch, the commissioning tests in accordance with IEC and VDE* standards have been concluded, and several loadings with a current of 5000 A have been performed. Now, after completion of various improvements in the test system, preparations are underway for initiation of long-term testing over a period of approx. 18 months.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hole mobility changes under uniaxial and combinational stress in different directions are characterized and analyzed by applying additive mechanical uniaxial stress to bulk Si and SiGe-virtual-substrate-induced strained-Si (s-Si) p-MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors) along (110) and (100) channel directions. In bulk Si, a mobility enhancement peak is found under uniaxial compressive strain in the low vertical field. The combination of (100) direction uniaxial tensile strain and substrate-induced biaxial tensile strain provides a higher mobility relative to the (110) direction, opposite to the situation in bulk Si. But the combinational strain experiences a gain loss at high field, which means that uniaxial compressive strain may still be a better choice. The mobility enhancement of SiGe-induced strained p-MOSFETs along the (110) direction under additive uniaxial tension is explained by the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We proposed a solid and a mercury target concepts through the preliminary conceptual design. To feasible these concepts, analysis and experimental works are being carried out. This paper introduces an outline of present status of target R and D such as heat transfer augmentation experiments for the solid target, mercury flow tests with a loop of maximum flow rate of 15L/min, flow pattern measurements for a cold source moderator etc. as well as preliminary conceptual design works. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Surface energy of III-V semiconductors ended by (110) clean surface and surface covered by atomic monolayer of aluminium, copper and sulfur has been calculated. We have used the Greens-function technique based on the scheme of linear muffin-tin orbitals in the atomic sphere approximation (LMTO-ASA) for the crystal potential and width the local density approximation (LDA) for electrons. Two types of coverage are considered: full monolayer with two additional atoms per two-dimensional unit cell and half monolayer with one additional atom per unit cell. Full monolayer of metallic atoms increases the surface energy. Cu atoms lead to greater destabilization than Al atoms. Sulfur atoms stabilize (110) surface for all considered compounds. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heusler films with L2_1 and B2 structure are deposited simultaneously on amorphous carbon films, Si(100) surfaces, and in situ cleaved InAs(110) surfaces by coevaporation of Ni and the alloy MnIn. Morphology, structure, and stoichiometry are investigated with transmission-electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and X-ray spectroscopy. The almost perfect lattice match supports highly oriented growth of Ni_2MnIn on InAs, which is proven by electron diffraction under grazing incidence. The electrical resistivity of thin films on Si show metallic behavior. At temperatures of liquid helium point-contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy is performed on films grown on Si(100) and in situ cleaved InAs(110) surfaces yielding spin polarizations comparable to the ones of Fe, Ni, Co, and permalloy (Ni_8_0Fe_2_0).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Magnetic pulse welding is a solid state impact welding process, similar to explosive welding, which produces metallurgical bond by oblique high-speed impact between two metal bodies. This violent impact removes the metal surface oxide layers and then joins the two atomic level clean metal surfaces together by the incidental compression pressure. The impact velocity is at 200?400?m/s and the being welded metal surface undergoes severe plastic deformation with strain rate in the order of 106?107?s?1. The ultrafine-grained structure was observed on the welded interface. This article studied two types of similar material lap joint interfaces and the base metals were aluminum alloy 6061 and copper alloy 110. Nano-indentation testing shows that the welded interfaces have significantly greater ha...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Palladium deposition on Pt(110) electrodes was studied. Differently from Pt(111) and Pt(100), first and further layers cannot be distinguished in this case only through the voltammetric behavior of hydrogen and anion adsorption. The potential of zero total charge (pztc) was determined as a function of the amount of deposited Pd using CO charge displacement experiments and voltammetric curves. The variation of the voltammetric charge due to hydrogen and anion adsorption has been followed during Pd deposition. The voltammetric charge between 0.06 and 0.4V first decreases to a minimum, then increases and finally becomes stable, suggesting that the surface is finally covered with a Pd multilayer. The pztc and CO oxidation charge show similar behavior. CO oxidation, NO reduction and Cu UPD were...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Six commercial insecticides viz., decis 25EC (deltamethrin), thiodan 35EC (endosulfan), curacron 500EC (profenophos), somialfa 110EC (esfenvalerate), denitol 30EC (fenpropathrin) and advantage 20EC (carbosulfan) were tested with recommended doses against first instar larvae of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) to determine their degree of toxicity under controlled laboratory conditions. Leaf dip method was applied for these tests. Insect mortality was assessed after 24, 48 and 72 hours of insecticide application. Results showed that curacron 500EC gave significantly high mortality of 100 % after 24 hours of application followed by thiodan 35EC, somialfa 110EC and advantage 20EC causing 93, 80 and 72 % mortality, respectively. Whereas, denitol 30EC and decis 25EC showed the minimum, non-significant differences by giving mortality of 45 and 43 %, respectively. Effectiveness of all insecticides increased after 48 hours but their degree ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The sequence and cytological location of five Anopheles gambiae glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes are described. Three of these genes, aggst1-8, aggst1-9 and aggst1-10, belong to the insect class...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By way of introduction, the author describes the electrical equipment of the power station on the River Traun and then lists the main features of the electrical systems such as generators, transformers, the power transmission systems as, e.g., the generator leads, the 8 kV switch plant, the 110 kV oil-filled cable as well as the station-service, control, protection and monitoring systems. The control of the headwater level and of the mechanical systems of the barrage is described in detail.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The impact of the rewetting process on the performance of waste containers at the Yucca Mountain repository is analyzed. This paper explores the impact of the temperature-humidity relationships on pitting corrosion failure of stainless steel containers for different areal power densities (APDs)in the repository. It compares the likely performance of containers in a repository with a low APD, 55 Kw/acre, and a high APD, 110 kW/acre.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Objective was to develop a glass utilizing the silica waste material from geothermal energy production, and to supply local artists with this glass to make artistic objects. A glass composed of 93% indigenous Hawaiian materials was developed; 24 artists made 110 objects from this glass. A market was found for art objects made from this material.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The nature of binding of Ru(phen) 2+ (I), Ru(bipy) 2+ (II), Ru(terpy) 2+ (III) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bipy 3 = 2,2'-bipyridyl, 3 terpy = 2,2'2," - 2 terpyridyl) to DNA, poly[d(G-C)] and poly[d(A-T)]...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spectroscopic properties of Er"3"+ : CBS (CdSO_4 + B_2O_3 and R_2SO_4 + CdSO_4 + B_2O_3, R_2SO_4 = Li_2SO_4.H_2O, Na_2SO_4, K_2SO_4 and Gd_2(SO_4)_3.8H_2O) glasses are reported. The assigned energy level data of Er"3"+(4f"1"1) in these glasses are analysed in terms of a parametrized model Hamiltonian. The standard deviations of the data fits are between 39 and 47 cm"-"1 so that the energy level schemes of the Er"3"+(4f"1"1) ions in borosulphate (CBS) glasses are reasonably well reproduced. Radiative properties for the fluorescent levels of Er"3"+ : CBS glasses are determined by using the Judd-Ofelt theory. The potential laser transitions are identified with the help of predicted radiative properties which are compared and discussed with similar results. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Samples of air-dust-concentration- and air-dust-deposit measurements were digested by a standardized wet digestion procedure and the amounts of substances in the dust according to class I TA Luft by Atomic Emission Spectroscopy with Inductively Coupled Plasma (AES-ICP). The characteristic values for procedures according to VDI 2449, sheet 1, were determined for lead, vanadium, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel and zinc. By partial automatic control of the digestion procedure the personel expenditure of work could be reduced by a factor 13. Dust filter samples were analysed without sample preparation by evaporating the material with a solid state laser. The absolute detection limit was between 1 and 100 ng/cm"2 for the elements arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, mercury, antimony, selen and thallium. For sampling by means of the Beta-Staubmeter the relative detection limits for the laser-ICP were 10-fold lower than by use of a nebulizer. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nickel cadmium batteries differ greatly in their mechanical design and construction of the electrodes. Using available electrode constructions, batteries are designed which meet the requirements of specific applications and offer optimum performance. Pocket- and tubular cells are basically developed with the technology of the year 1895. Since then some improvements with todays technology have been made. The sintered cells use the technology of the 1930's and they are still limited to high power application. With this knowledge and the technology of today the fiber-structured nickel electrode (FNC) was developed at DAUG laboratory, a subsidiary company of Mercedes-Benz and Volkswagen. After ten years of experience in light weight prototype batteries for electric vehicles (1-2), the system was brought into production by a new company, DAUG-HOPPECKE. Characteristics of fiber electrodes: thickness and size can be easily changed; pure active materials are used; high ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To reconstruct the profiles of heavy metal levels in the South Ocean ecosystem of Antarctica, the concentrations of lead (Pb), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) in seal hairs and lake sediments spanning the past 1500 years from Fildes Peninsula of King George Island and in weathering lake sediments from Nelson Island of West Antarctica were determined. The lead contents in the seal hairs and the weathering sediments show a sharp increase since the late 1800s, very likely due to anthropogenic contamination from modern industries. After the 1980s, the Pb content in seal hairs dropped by one-third, apparently due to the reduced usage of leaded gasoline in the Southern Hemisphere. Copper arises mainly from the weathering process, and its level may be substantially affected by climatic conditions. The concentrations of Cd, As, and Zn do not show any clear temporal trends.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A total of 272 tap water samples were collected from 68 homes throughout the city of Tehran. Analysis for cadmium, zinc, lead, copper, arsenic, iron and manganese showed some accumulation of these metals in household piping overnight. However, the concentration of all metals was in the parts per billion (ug/l) range and well below international standards. Heavy metals in Tehran's drinking water therefore, do not pose a significant acute health hazard. 19 references, 2 tables.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A few metal complexes of isatin-isonicotinoylhydrazone with Ni(II), Cr(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) have been prepared and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, infrared and electronic spectra as well as "1H NMR spectra, conductivity and magnetic measurements. In view of the results obtained, it has been found that two molecules of isatin-isonicotinoylhydrazone are chelated to the central metal ion as bis-uninegative ONO tridentate ligand forming non-electrolytic octahedral metal complexes. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The description is presented of binary phase diagrams of titanium alloyed with the following elements: silver, aluminium, arsenic, gold, boron, barium, beryllium, bismuth, carbon, calcium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, gallium, germanium, hydrogen, hafnium, indium, iridium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nitrogen, sodium, niobium, nickel, oxygen, osmium, phosphorus, lead, palladium, platinum, plutonium, rhenium, lanthanium, cerium, preseodymium, neodymium, gadolinium, erbium, terbium, thulium, lutetium, rhodium, ruthenium, scandium, silicon, tin, strontium, tantalum, technetium, thorium, uranium, vanadium, tungsten, yttrium, ytterbium, zinc and zirconium.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The theoretical principles underlying the formation of oxide and, in particular, anodic oxide coatings on metals produced by chemical oxidation, anodizing in solutions, and anodizing in cold plasmas are reviewed. The mechanisms and conditions of anodic oxidation are described, and the structure of anodic oxide coatings on aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, zinc, cadmium, iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, zirconium, tantalum, and chromium alloys is examined. Attention is also given to various applictins of anodized coatings. 54 references.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A revision of some basic concepts related to the analysis of variance of repeated measures is presented within an ecological context topics such as the types of experiments in which the technique is applicable, the hypotheses of interest, and its preference over other traditional techniques such as regression and conventional analysis of variance, are discussed. As an example, the technique was successfully applied to an experiment carried out at Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia, in which the concentration of cadmium #mu#g/g in leaves of the black mangrove Avicennia germinans was measured in several monitoring stations and throughout several sampling intervals representing seasons.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Novel CdS hollow microspheres have been successfully synthesized via a facile template-free solution-phase reaction from cadmium nitrate and thioacetamide precursors. The morphology of CdS hollow microspheres depends strongly on the ratio between the precursors, cadmium nitrate to thioacetamide ratio. The physical properties of the hollow microspheres have systematically been studied by different characterization methods. The stoichiometry of the hollow microspheres studied by the energy dispersive X-ray diffraction spectroscopy confirmed that the synthesized CdS hollow microspheres are nearly stoichiometric bulk like CdS. The morphology of the hollow microspheres studied by high resolution scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the CdS hollow microspheres of the size of 2.5 ?m have hollow structure and are constructed by several nanoparticles of the size between 30 and 40 nm. The UV-visible ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

To capitalize on the response of tumor cells to ionizing radiation, we developed a controlled-release nanoparticle drug delivery system using a targeting peptide that recognizes a radiation-induced...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The technology of gene targeting through homologous recombination has been extremely useful for elucidating gene functions in mice. The application of this technology was thought impossible in the large...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... detected (and reported) as a by-product of MRM screening (MS/MS) targeted by Law or Rule ... detected (and reported) as a by-product of MRM screening (MS/MS) targeted by Law or Rule ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Many genetic processes depend on proteins interacting with specific sequences on DNA. Despite the large excess of nonspecific DNA in the cell, proteins can locate their targets rapidly. After initial...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Considering accessibility of the 3′UTR is believed to increase the precision of microRNA target predictions. We show that, contrary to common belief, ranking by the hybridization energy or by...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Operant conditioning techniques were applied to the study of how target fixations are controlled by the probability of signal occurrence. In a standard vigilance setting, gaze at three illuminable...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Purposes1. To determine the optimal pelvic nodal clinical target volume for post-operative treatment of endometrial cancer. 2. To compare the DVH of different treatment planning...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... they assisted in the 2000 attack on the USS Cole? ... List the types of targets that ETA has attacked. ... was at least partially responsible for the attack. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 1981. Retention of diphenyls, terphenyls, phenylalkanes and fluorene on graphitized thermal carbon black. Chromatographia 14:510-514. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The production of polarized negative ion beams by collisional pumping is described. Collisional pumping utilizes repeated charge changing collisions in a thick electron-spin-polarized gas or vapor target to form a polarized fast atom beam. The polarized fast atom beam is then partially converted into a polarized negative ion beam in a vapor target. Analysis is presented for a hydrogen beam passing through either a thick polarized H atom target or a thick polarized alkali target. Large polarizations and large currents may be possible.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... carrier-free isotopes chemical preparation gamma spectra isotope production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... range krypton 86 reactions molybdenum 92 target probability quasi-elastic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present state of investigations into the fragmentation of target nuclei by particles and nuclei of intermediate and high energies is reviewed.

Science.gov (United States)

The ELXS concept is a novel, portable, micro-instrument targeted for the detection of mineralogic

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper present the results of a series of calculations made to determine the "2"3"8Pu production potential of several advanced target assembly designs in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). These calculations show that by using advanced target designs the intimately mix the "2"3"7Np target material with an yttrium hydride moderator, the FFTF has the potential of producing up to 30 kg of high-quality "2"3"8Pu per year.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) receptor is becoming an increasingly attractive target for development of new radiolabeled peptides with diagnostic and therapeutic potential. The attractiveness of the GRP receptor as a target is based upon the functional expression of GRP receptors in several tumors of neuroendocrine origin including prostate, breast, and small cell lung cancer. This concise review outlines some of the efforts currently underway to develop new GRP receptor specific radiopharmaceuticals by employing a variety of radiometal chelation systems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In order to facilitate observations of low energy nuclear reactions, a new type recoil mass-separator together with a new gas-jet target system is being developed at the tandem accelerator facility in Kyushu University. The expected mass-resolving power of the separator is 220 for a solid angle of 10 msr and the practical thickness of the gas-jet target will exceed 0.1 atm#centre dot#cm for the light elements of H and He. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A 16 l liquid parahydrogen target has been developed for a measurement of the parity-violating {gamma}-asymmetry in the capture of polarized cold neutrons on protons in the {rvec n} + p {yields} d + {gamma} reaction by the NPDGamma collaboration. The target system was carefully designed to meet the stringent requirements on systematic effects for the experiment and also to satisfy hydrogen safety requirements. The target was designed to preserve the neutron polarization during neutron scattering on liquid hydrogen (LH{sub 2}), optimize the statistical sensitivity to the {rvec n} + p {yields} d + {gamma} reaction, minimize backgrounds coming from neutron interaction with the beam windows of the target cryostat, minimize LH{sub 2} density fluctuations which can introduce extra noise in the gamma asymmetry signal, and control systematic effects. The target incorporates two mechanical ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Target materials for inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant designs might be selected for a wide variety of reasons including wall absorption of driver energy, material opacity, cost and ease of fabrication. While each of these issues are of great importance, target materials should also be selected based upon their safety and environmental (S and E) characteristics. The present work focuses on the recycling, waste management and accident dose characteristics of potential target materials. If target materials are recycled so that the quantity is small, isotopic separation may be economically viable. Therefore, calculations have been completed for all stable isotopes for all elements from lithium to polonium. The results of these calculations are used to identify specific isotopes and elements that are most likely to be offensive as well as those most likely to be acceptable in terms of their S and E ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A simple electromagnetic transport system was constructed to identify very rare positrons produced in a powerful laser beam interaction with a target. Testing experiments were carried out with CO[sub 2]-laser (10[sup 12] W/cm[sup 2]) beam pulses ([tau] = 50 ns, f = 0.01 Hz) focused on the copper target, as well as with a 96 MeV alpha-particle beam irradiated carbon target. The results showed that the developed system could be effectively used for positron identification and evaluation of their energy by means of a time-of-flight method. The computerized system to deal with this problem, together with others related to the power laser beam interaction with targets, has been constructed. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The possible surface enrichment of chromium and molybdenum during dissolution of Fe18Cr (110) and Fe18Cr3Mo (110) alloys at constant potentials in the passive region is elucidated by taking into account quantitative information on partial dissolution rates of alloy components as measured by #gamma#-spectrometry and on chemical composition of passivating films as measured by ESCA and AES. When combining results from all methods it is found that chromium under all conditions is enriched in the passivating films. An accumulation of chromium in the alloy is also indicated. For molybdenum, an enrichment in the passive film is observed at -0.2 V (SCE), whereas in the potential interval 0.1 - 0.9 V, the molybdenum enrichment as determined by ESCA and AES is hardly significant. On the other hand, #gamma#-spectrometry gives a clear indication of molybdenum enrichment in both potential. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In nuclear power plant Paks, Hungary, alkaline oxidative (NaOH, KMnO_4, H_2O) and acidic reductive (citric- and oxalic acid, water) liquids are using for the decontamination of primary circuit equipment (main liquid circulating pumps, steam generators, pipelines etc). The above mentioned decontamination liquids are containing "1"1"0"mAg, "9"5Nb, "5"4Mn, "5"8 Co, "6"0Co, "5"1 Cr, "1"2"4 Sb radioisotopes, summarized radioactivity is between 10"3-8x10"4 kBq/dm"3 liquid. The decontamination liquid can be cleaned with reactive adsorption (active carbon) and ion-exchange process at elevated temperature (333-368 K) in multilayered columns. After purification the summarized radioactivity for "5"4Mn, "6"0Co, and "1"1"0"mAg are in the outlet liquid below 1 kBq/dm"3. Decontamination factor DF#approx =#10"3-10"4, volumetric reduction factor VRF#approx =#50-500.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The umbrella magnetic structure of the terbium iron garnet (TbIG) has been studied using neutron diffraction experiments peformed in the 4.2 to 650 K temperature range which covers both the Neel temperature (Tsub(N) = 550 +- 10 K) and the compensation temperature (Tsub(comp) = 244 +- 2 K). When T > Tsub(N), the observed peak intensities originate from nuclear contribution only. When Tsub(comp) < T < Tsub(N), the results have been interpreted in the Neel theory of ferrimagnetism. Below Tsub(comp), three salient features have been observed: there appears superstructure lines forbiden by the cubic space group Ia3d, whereas the other superstructure peaks are found absent contrary to other heavy rare earth garnets; the strongest reflexion (110) vanishes near Tsub(comp). The magnetic modes associated to the rhombohedral symmetry space group R(-3)c have been calculated; the two inequivalent magnetic sites C_1 and C'_1 of the Tb"3"+ ion have been described. The ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chelating tendencies of several biologically important compounds viz. glycocyamine (GCN: N-amidino-aminoethanoic acid) taurine (TRN: 2-aminoethanesulphonic acid) and pyridoxal [PDL: 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-pyridine-4-carbaldehyde] have been examined by pH-metric titration technique in their binary complex formation with copper(II) and uranyl(VI) ions. The work has further been extended to investigating the ternary complex formation involving 2.2'-bipyridine. 1,10-phenanthroline or nitrilotriacetic acid as a primary and TRN and PDL as secondary ligands. All the experiments were carried out at 25"0C and at an ionic strength of 0.1M (NaCl0_4) in aqueous or 50% (v/v) aqueous-ethanol medium according to the suitability of the experimental conditions. Stabilities of ternary complexes as compared to those of the corresponding binary complexes of the secondary ligands have also been discussed. (author).

Science.gov (United States)

Using static Michelson interferometer to get the spectrum information of measurement targets for spectrum identification, under the condition that the interference length is constant, the system can be optimized by BP neural network algorithm for the mixed spectral separation process. Thereby it can realize improving the recognition probability of camouflage target. Collecting the spectrum information in field of view (FOV) by the interferometer and linear array CCD detector, composing the set of mixed spectrum data, with known absorption spectrum of the material as a hidden layer of rules, it used BP neural network to separate the mixed spectrum data. Experiment with different distances, different combinations of mixed background spectrum as the initial data, using steel target (size: 1.5 m x 1.5 m) made of four kinds, the recognition probability of non-camouflage target is about 90% by BP neural ...

Science.gov (United States)

An estimated 110 million children between the ages of 6 and 11--60 percent of them girls--will not see the inside of a classroom this year, and another 150 million are likely to drop out before completing primary school. Yet this is a disease with a known cure. We know what tools are needed and what models are proven to work. We also know that the cost of that cure--perhaps $7.5 billion to $10 billion per year--is minuscule compared with the enormous benefits it will bring for health, economics, women's empowerment, and basic human dignity.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Application to carbon fiber started in this Year. In this paper, a spinning and calcination process are explained. Fiber was obtained by wet spinning of the PAN solution. Ten solvents were tested and the results proved that dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was the best solvent. Glycerine was used as a coagulating bath. The thin fiber (10 to 50 denier) was produced under the conditions of about 20wt% concentration at about 110degC. Heat-treat temperature was about 270 to 275degC. The viscosity-tacticity relationship and T{sub sol} vs. inverse tacticity were shown in the paper. (S.Y.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The chemical properties of alloys in a given environment are to a large extent governed by the surface composition. Changes of the surface composition during passivation are important features in this respect. Previous studies of single crystal Ni-Mo alloys surfaces have been reported. The aim of this work was to obtain quantitative data, for the natural oxide and the passive films formed on Ni-6% Mo(100) and (110) alloys, using Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and nuclear reaction analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

This document establishes the minimum training requirements for the Plutonium Finishing Plant (PFP) personnel who are responsible for management of dangerous waste. The training plan outlines training requirements for handling of solid dangerous waste during generator accumulation and liquid dangerous waste during treatment and storage operations. The implementation of this training plan will ensure the PFP facility compliance with the training plan requirements of Dangerous Waste Regulation. Chapter 173-303-330. Washington Administrative Code (WAC). The requirements for such compliance is described in Section 11.0 of WHC-CM-7-5 Environmental Compliance Manual.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper introduces the inter-comparison results of some environmental radioactivity monitoring items for Daya Bay nuclear power plant. The inter-comparison was organized by China Institute for Radiation Protection and five laboratories participated in it. The compared items included total #beta# in kelp and sediment, "3H in water, "9"0Sr in soil, artificial nuclides "1"1"0"mAg, "2"4"1Am, "1"0"9Cd, "5"7Co in kelp and sediment. Inter-comparison results are analyzed as well

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Optimum conditions for microstructural control in industrial hot working of cast and homogenized AZ31 magnesium alloys are evaluated by using a processing map. The recommended window for bulk metal working of this alloy is the domain in the temperature range 300-450 C and strain rate range 1-10 s{sup -1}, and the optimum processing parameters are 400 C and 10 s{sup -1}, where grain-boundary self diffusion is the rate-controlling mechanism. (Abstract Copyright [2009], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A complete electron paramagnetic resonance power pattern characterization of Fe"3"+ in cubic sites in presented. A one-to-one correspondence among the peaks appearing in the powder pattern and the outer fine-structure transitions (Mnot = 1/2 ) observed in the single crystal along the , , and directions is shown. It is shown that the process of mechanically grinding the single crystal to a powder (particle size approx.1--10 #mu#) does not remove the cubic symmetry sites. No axial or lower symmetry sites which may be induced by lattice distortion of the crystallites due to strain have been observed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ex situ scanning tunneling microscopy measurements have been combined to investigate the thickness, the chemical composition, and the structure of passive films formed in 0.5 M H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} on Fe-22Cr(110). Aging under polarization at +500 mV/SHE causes a dehydration (anodic) reaction of the outer chromium hydroxide layer of the passive film. This anodic reaction results in a thickening of the inner mixed Cr(III) and Fe(III) oxide layer enriched in Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3}. It also causes a coalescence of the oxide nuclei of the passive film and a crystallization of the inner Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3}. It also causes a coalescence of the oxide nuclei of the passive film and a crystallization of the inner Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3} oxide layer in epitaxy with the substrate. The epitaxial relationship is {alpha}-Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3}(0001) {parallel} Fe-22Cr(110) with three different azimuthal orientations. Aging under polarization ...

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Photoaffinity labeling analogs of the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin (PF) have been synthesized, purified and tested for their effect on preparations of membrane-bound, Lubrol solubilized and forskolin affinity-purified adenylate cyclase (AC). All analogs of forskolin significantly activated AC. However, in the presence of 0.1 to 0.3 microM forskolin, the less active forskolin photoaffinity probes at 100 microM caused inhibition. This inhibition was dose-dependent for PF, suggesting that PF may complete with F for the same binding site(s). After cross-linking (125I)PF-M to either membrane or Lubrol-solubilized AC preparations by photolysis, a radiolabeled 100-110 kDa protein band was observed after autoradiography following SDS-PAGE. F at 100 microM blocked the photoradiolabeling of this protein. Radioiodination of forskolin-affinity purified AC showed several protein bands on autoradiogram, however, only one band (Mr = 100-110 kDa) was ...

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The Engineering and Technology Validation Team at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducts in-situ technical evaluations of polycrystalline thin-film photovoltaic (PV) modules and arrays. This paper focuses on the technical evaluation of Solar Cells, Inc., (SCI) cadmium telluride (CdTe) module and array performance by attempting to correlate individual module and array performance. This is done by examining the performance and stability of the modules and array over a period of more than one year. Temperature coefficients for module and array parameters (P{sub max}, V{sub oc}, V{sub max}, I{sub sc}, I{sub max}) are also calculated.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Performance of electric vehicles (EVs) is being studied in an ongoing Site Operator Program, as part of the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Program supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). More than 200 EVs are being operated by Site Operators in various geographical and climatic regions of the United States. Cold-weather operation of EVs is of particular interest. As expected, low temperatures affect a battery`s ability to accept a charge, which decreases EV range and increases operating costs. Battery types other than lead-acid are being evaluated such as nickel-iron, gelled electrolyte lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, and sodium-sulfur. Also, improved methods of collecting EV performance data are being implemented, thermal management systems are being tested, and a prototype ultracapacitor is being tested as a possible alternative to conventional batteries.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We collected female greater scaup (Aythya marila) on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska during two breeding seasons to determine if concentrations of 18 trace elements in livers and eggs were elevated and if hepatic concentrations correlated with body condition or affected reproductive status. Fifty-six percent, 5%, and 42% of females, respectively, had elevated hepatic cadmium (Cd: >3mgg-1 dry weight [dw]), mercury (Hg: >3mgg-1dw), and selenium (Se: >10mgg-1dw). Somatic protein and lipid reserves were not correlated with hepatic Cd or Hg, but there was a weak negative correlation between protein and Se. Hepatic Cd, Hg, and Se were similar in females that had and had not initiated egg production. In a sample of six eggs, 33% and 100%, respectively, contained Se and Hg, but concentrations we...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This pilot project was carried out for the purpose of testing methods for active biological monitoring. It covered a period of three years (until September 1994), including two years of exposure. The measurements served to determine pollutant levels in plants used as animal fodder and dust-borne heavy metal concentrations in different sites and, on this basis, to obtain indirect information on human exposure. Among others, the pilot project investigated the suitability of Italian rye-grass as a biological indicator for aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, magnesium, manganese, nickel, lead, platinum, antimony, titanium, and zinc. (orig./GL).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Visualization of a liquid metal flow and image processing methods to measure the vector field are carried out by real-time neutron radiography. The JRR-3M real-time thermal neutron radiography facility in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute was used. Lead-bismuth eutectic was used as a working fluid. Particles made from a gold-cadmium intermetallic compound (AuCd_3) were used as the tracer for the visualization. The flow vector field was obtained by image processing methods. It was shown that the liquid metal flow vector field was obtainable by real-time neutron radiography when the attenuation of neutron rays due to the liquid metal was less than l/e and the particle size of the tracer was larger than one image element size digitized for the image processing. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes how hydrogen transport affects the severity of hydrogen embrittlement in 300 M and AerMet100 ultra high strength steels. Slow strain rate tests were carried out on specimens coated with electrodeposited cadmium and aluminium-based SermeTel 1140/962. Hydrogen diffusivities were measured using two-cell permeation and galvanostatic charging methods and values of 8.0 x 10{sup -8} and 1.0 x 10{sup -9} cm{sup 2} s{sup -1} were obtained for 300 M and AerMet100, respectively. A two-dimensional diffusion model was used to predict the hydrogen distributions in the SSR specimens at the time of failure. The superior embrittlement resistance of AerMet100 was attributed to reverted austenite forming around martensite laths during tempering.

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Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in birch leaves (Folium Betulae), dandelion roots (Radix Taraxacae), hawthorn blossom (Inflorescentia Crataegi) and their infusions by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) after microwave digestion of plant samples. Infusions were made from herbs according to prescription for patients, provided by the producer of medicine on the package. The results obtained were compared with daily requirements for each element. Results show high content of cadmium in the medicinal plants analyzed. The highest level in infusions was observed for Ni and Zn (over 90% of the total element concentration for Ni and in most cases over 50% for Zn), and the lowest for Cd and Pb. The calculated daily intake of majority of the analyzed elements was very low (under 1% of daily requirements)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the dehydrodesulfurization of ethanethiol at 400/sup 0/C, the activities of sodium X, Y, and A zeolites decreased in the order given as did the activities of nickel, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, copper, silver, lead, manganese, barium, calcium, sodium, and iron Y zeolite catalysts. A volcano-shape order was observed between the catalytic activity and the electronegativity of the metal ions. The changes in the activity of hydrogen Y zeolite catalyst in ethanethiol dehydrodesulfurization and cumene dealkylation by calcination agreed with the decrease in the Broensted acidity but were independent of Lewis acidity. For hydrodesulfurization of thiophene, the activities of nickel, cobalt, copper, and silver Y zeolite catalysts decreased in the order given and were greater than for a commercial hydrodesulfurization catalyst; reduced and presulfided catalysts showed selective hydrodesulfurization activity. Addition of 5% of nickel or molybdenum oxides to cobalt or nickel Y ...

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A detector head for in situ inspection of irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies submerged in a water-filled nuclear fuel storage pond. The detector head includes two parallel arms which extend from a housing and which are spaced apart so as to be positionable on opposite sides of a submerged fuel assembly. Each arm includes an ionization chamber and two fission chambers. One fission chamber in each arm is enclosed in a cadmium shield and the other fission chamber is unshielded. The ratio of the outputs of the shielded and unshielded fission chambers is used to determine the boron content of the pond water. Correcting for the boron content, the neutron flux and gamma ray intensity are then used to verify the declared exposure, cooling time and fissile material content of the irradiated fuel assembly.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: Various published reports involving intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans developed using automated optimization (inverse planning) have demonstrated highly conformal plans. These reported conformal IMRT plans involve significant target dose inhomogeneity, including both overdosage and underdosage within the target volume. In this study, we demonstrate the development of optimized beamlet IMRT plans that satisfy rigorous dose homogeneity requirements for all target volumes (e.g., #+-#5%), while also sparing the parotids and other normal structures. Methods and Materials: The treatment plans of 15 patients with oropharyngeal cancer who were previously treated with forward-planned multisegmental IMRT were planned again using an automated optimization system developed in-house. The optimization system allows for variable sized beamlets computed using a three-dimensional convolution/superposition dose ...

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The production methods for seven radioisotopes, Ga-67, Sr-85, Pd-103, In-111, Tm-167, Hg-197 and Pb-203, by using a classical 1.5m cyclotron in the Institute of Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, USSR, are described. At present, more than 50 cyclotrons in different countries are used for the production of radioisotopes applied to medicine. Radioisotopes are produced with the cyclotron in the I.Ph.P.E. in the form of irradiated targets, which are delivered to Moscow radiopharmaceutical factory, where radiopharmaceuticals are produced on the base of these targets. The cyclotron is operated in two regimes providing the acceleration of protons, deuterons and alpha -particles. Two types of target assemblies are used for irradiation, the one is intended for the internal beam, and the other is for the external beam. The reactions used for the production of seven radioisotopes described above, the types of ...

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Laser optical pumping can be used to produce polarized alkali atom beams or polarized alkali vapor targets. Polarized alkali atom beams can be converted into polarized alkali ion beams, and polarized alkali vapor targets can be used to produce polarized H/sup -/ or /sup 3/He/sup -/ ion beams. In this paper the authors discuss how the polarized alkali atom beams and polarized alkali vapor targets are used to produce polarized ion beams with emphasis on the production of polarized negative ion beams.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carrier-free radionuclides of tungsten and tantalum, "1"7"6","1"7"7W and "1"7"6","1"7"7Ta have been produced by heavy ion activation of holmium target with 97 MeV "1"6O"5"+ beam. Radiochemical separation scheme has been developed to isolate tungsten and tantalum radionuclides from the holmium target matrix. (author)

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A simple highly efficient procedure has been developed for recovery of thallium radioisotopes from lead and bismuth targets irradiated by 1-GeV protons. The procedure is based on the use of extraction chromatography. The cross-sections have been determined for formation of {sup 200}Pb, {sup 201}Pb, {sup 202m}Pb, and {sup 203}Pb radioisotopes in targets from lead with natural isotopic composition, irradiated by 1-GeV protons.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper presents results of experimental research on the interaction of a pulsed plasma-ion stream with a tungsten (W) target. The pulsed hydrogen plasma was produced within the RPI-IBIS (Multi-Rod Plasma Injector) facility at IPJ in Swierk. Measurements were carried out by means of optical spectroscopy and corpuscular diagnostic techniques. For experiments with the W-target the operational conditions (so-called PID mode) were chosen when a clean hydrogen plasma stream was generated. Attention was paid to the identification of WI and WII spectral lines.

CERN Document Server

Preliminary experiments have been performed to investigate the effects of radiative cooling on plasma jets. Thin (3 um - 5 um) conical shells were irradiated with an intense laser, driving jets with velocities > 100 km/s. Through use of different target materials - aluminium, copper and gold - the degree of radiative losses was altered, and their importance for jet collimation investigated. A number of temporally resoved optical diagnostics was used, providing information about the jet evolution. Gold jets were seen to be narrower than those from copper targets, while aluminium targets produced the least collimated flows.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A computer-assisted rotation and stationary conformation radiotherapy system with overrunning multileaf collimators has been developed. This system can produce any shape of target volume, including a number of target areas outside the axis of the rotation, regardless of the location of the axis at 360"0 rotation irradiation. In addition, by changing the dose rate and deleting a partial region within a field, multiple stationary irradiation can produce more homogeneous target volumes - thus avoiding excessive irradiation to critical organs - than the rotation technique. (orig.).

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Residual Nuclide Production in 40-2600 MeV Proton-Irradiated Thin Targets of ADS Basic Materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... 16, 2001 0006-2979 BIORAK v. 40(2) APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES azido

CERN Document Server

Using the complex Kohn method, we have calculated variational values of phase shifts and the annihilation parameter, Z_{eff}, for the elastic scattering of positrons by molecular hydrogen. Our results are sensitive to small changes in the accuracy of the wave function representing the target hydrogen molecule. We have developed a systematic approach to demonstrate that, at low positron energies, there are particular forms of the Kohn trial wave function for which the results of variational calculations are not reliable, even when the target wave function accounts for as much as 96.8% of the correlation energy of H_{2}. We find that reliable results can be recovered if our calculations are extended to admit more sophisticated target wave functions accounting for 99.7% of the correlation energy. Remaining discrepancies between theory and experiment are briefly discussed.

Science.gov (United States)

... and 7 survey papers. On the inverse Stefan problem he wrote 3 research papers and 1 survey paper. The papers on inverse ...

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This report discusses the experimental setup of experiment 814 at Brookhaven AGS. This experiment involves the collision of silicon ions with target nuclei. The detector systems are discussed primarily. (LSP)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Motivation: Automatic recognition of cell identities is critical for quantitative measurement, targeting and manipulation of cells of model animals at single-cell resolution. It has been...Full Text Available

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positive primary PymT breast cancer cells in primary co-cultured tumor tissue, suggesting target specificity of

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Many existing agents for diabetes therapy are unable to restore or maintain normal glucose homeostasis or prevent the eventual emergence of hyperglycemia-related complication. Therefore, agents based on novel mechanisms are sought to complement and extend the current therapeutic approaches. Based on the initial paper research, we focused on active STAT3 as an attractive pharmacological target for type 2 diabetes. The subsequent text mining with a unique query to identify suppressors but not activators of STAT3 revealed the ERK2/STAT3 pathway as a novel diabetes target. The description of ERK2 inhibitors as diabetes target had not been found in our text mining research at present. The mechanism-based peptide inhibitor for ERK2 was identified using the knowledge of the KIM sequence, which ha...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. CHF is marked by atrial and ventricular enlargement and reduced cardiac contractility, as well as an association...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Chaperones (stress proteins) are essential proteins to help the formation and maintenance of the proper conformation of other proteins and to promote cell survival after a large variety of environmental...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The eye is an easily accessible, highly compartmentalised and immune-privileged organ that offers unique advantages as a gene therapy target. Significant advancements have been made in understanding...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The potential of radiolabelled phenylpiperazines as agents for the detection and therapy of tumours of neural crest origin was evaluated by in vitro pharmacological studies with human neuroblastoma...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Dynamic clamp is a powerful method that allows the introduction of artificial electrical components into target cells to simulate ionic conductances and synaptic inputs. This method is based...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... In the Proceedings of INTC 2003, we studied charging effects on target coverage during electrospinning (16). ... of Fibers from Electrospinning of ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The pleiotropic actions of neuromodulators on pre- and postsynaptic targets present challenges to disentangling the mechanisms underlying regulation of synaptic transmission. Within the striatum,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining health; however, accumulating evidence indicates that this system can be the target for immunotoxic effects caused by a variety of chemicals including...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundAmino-terminal signal peptides (SPs) are short regions that guide the targeting of secretory proteins to the correct subcellular compartments in the cell. They are cleaved...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the group of persistent aromatic hydrocarbons, the highest values were determined for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), total DDT and hexachlorobenzene (HBC). Comparisons of the relevant median values for the past six years led to the conclusion that the steep initial decline in the breast milk concentrations of DDT and HBC was followed by reductions at a much lower pace in the years after 1987. The time course of the concentration of the total PCB did not appear to follow any particular pattern. The mean contents of lead and cadmium remained by a wide margin below the threshold values for these heavy metals and thus were of no relevance from the toxicological point of view. It was found that the 134 and 137 cesium isotopes constituted no particular health hazard for breast-fed infants, as the relevant concentrations in breast milk were low. (VHE) [Deutsch] In der Gruppe der persistenten Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe werden die hoechsten Konzentrationen bei den ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper describes the unique challenges involved in achieving compliance with the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (Public Law 94-580) Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) treatment standards for four types of mixed wastes generated throughout the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex: (1) radioactively contaminated lead acid batteries; (2) radioactively contaminated cadmium-, mercury-, and silver-containing batteries; (3) mercury-bearing mixed wastes; and (4) radioactive lead solids. For each of these mixed waste types, the paper identifies the strategy pursued by DOE's Office of Pollution Prevention and Resource Conservation Policy and Guidance (EH-43) in coordination with other DOE elements and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to meet the compliance challenge. Specifically, a regulatory interpretation was obtained from EPA agreeing that the LDR treatment standard for wastes in the D008 'Radioactive Lead Solids' sub-category applies to ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Semiconductor detectors coated with boron or lithium compounds have been studied for neutron detection for decades but, until recently, have been limited to thermal neutron detection efficiencies of less than 5%. We reported previously on development and simulation studies of perforated detectors whose perforations are filled with neutron-reactive material in order to produce higher detection efficiencies. Incorporation of bare and cadmium-backed detectors into battery-powered devices with low-power electronics enables us to produce compact personal neutron dosimeters that provide LED readout of counts, which can be related approximately to neutron dose. We report here on experimental studies with such compact devices; devices capable of direct readout in dose units are anticipated. The thermal and epithermal neutron flux densities from the tangential beam tube of the TRIGA Mark II reactor at Kansas State University were measured. Then, thermoluminescent ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Only within the past decade has the potential of metal biosorption by biomass materials been well established. For economic reasons, of particular interest are abundant biomass types generated as a waste byproduct of large-scale industrial fermentations or certain metal-binding algae found in large quantities in the sea. These biomass types serve as a basis for newly developed metal biosorption processes foreseen particularly as a very competitive means for the detoxification of metal-bearing industrial effluents. The assessment of the metal-building capacity of some new biosorbents is discussed. Lead and cadmium, for instance, have been effectively removed from very dilute solutions by the dried biomass of some ubiquitous species of brown marine algae such as Ascophyllum and Sargassum, which accumulate more than 30% of biomass dry weight in the metal. Mycelia of the industrial steroid-transforming fungi Rhizopus and Absidia are excellent biosorbents for lead, ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

RNA interference (RNAi) is an effective tool for studying gene function in oocytes, but no studies have targeted somatic cells of primary cultured cumulus cell-oocyte complexes (COCs). This...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We review the physics of structure functions at low Q{sup 2}, focusing on the phenomenon of quark-hadron duality and the resonance-scaling transition, both phenomenologically and in the context of quark models. We also present a new implementation of target mass corrections to nucleon structure functions which, unlike existing treatments, has the correct kinematic threshold behavior at finite Q{sup 2} in the x -> 1 limit.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The NREL Sensitized Solar Cell (SSC) Core Program supports the Solar America Initiative by: (1) targeting new devices and processes for commercialization by 2015 that are less expensive, more efficient, highly reliable, and environmentally benign; (2) collaborating with DOE OS/BES to conduct basic research targeting breakthroughs in key areas, such as ultra-high efficiency and/or ultra-low cost materials and devices.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

LEW anti-DA kidney and DA anti-LEW kidney sera were assayed using an indirect 125I anti-immunoglobulin-binding assay with kidney homogenate as target. This allowed the full spectrum of antibodies to...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Gene silencing is a useful technique for elucidating biological function of genes by knocking down their expression. A recently developed artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) exploits an endogenous...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An electron accelerator unit is described for electron beam therapy, comprising: a source of an electron beam; means for finally directing at least a portion of the beam to a therapy site, the directing means being mechanically independent of, and electrically isolated from, the source, and having a target area; and means for aligning the source with the directing means, the aligning means comprising means for projecting at least one beam of light from the source toward the target area.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

PNNL, with cofunding from the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) and Building Technologies Program, conducted a research and development activity targeted at addressing the energy efficiency goals targeted in the BPA roadmap. PNNL investigated an integrated heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system option referred to as the low-lift cooling system that potentially offers an increase in HVAC energy performance relative to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BACKGROUND:Despite an increasing body of evidence on the benefit of lowering elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), there is still considerable concern that...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

The article examines the contribution of the Military Medical Academy as an educational, research and medical institutions in the establishment and development of the national Russian manned spaceflight. Lists the names of the Academy's scientists, working in laboratories and in the Cosmonaut Training Center. In 1958 the academy was formed Department of Aviation Medicine from the research laboratories of aviation medicine, psychophysiology, and encephalography, a division of pressure chambers and furnaces. Direct contribution to the preparation of the first manned space flight made by graduates of the academy, E.A. Karpov (the first chief of Cosmonauts Training Center. Yuri Gagarin) and I.A. Kolosov. Over the half century history of the Russian Space Military Medical Academy, prepared and sent to the CPC Gagarin more than 110 of its graduates. PMID:21770320

Science.gov (United States)

The presence of two major aminopeptidases (aminopeptidases I and II) in the giant alga Chara australis was shown using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Partially purified aminopeptidase I had a molecular weight of about 120,000, hydrolyzed both leucine-?-naphthylamide (pH optimum 6.0) and alanine-?-naphthylamide (pH optimum 7.5), and was located both inside and outside the vacuole. Aminopeptidase I was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, iodoacetic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline, and N-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone. Aminopeptidase II hydrolyzed alanine-?-naphthylamide but not leucine-?-naphthylamide and was located only outside the vacuole.ImagesFig. 1Fig. 2Fig. 4Fig. 5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A magnetic rhombohedral PrCo_2C_x (x = 0.05 #approx#0.25) phase (space group Rbar 3m), which is heavily twinned along the #left brace#110#right brace# and #left brace#211#right brace# planes, was identified. The twinning mechanism was explored by analyzing the reduction of crystal symmetry due to the cubic-rhombohedral phase transformation. The origin of the twinning and the formation of four twin variants were attributed to the insertion of carbon interstitials into Co_4 tetrahedrons along the bar 3 axis in the rhombohedral lattice, which corresponds to one of the four equivalent axes of its parent PrCo_2 cubic-lattice.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three companies--Amerada Hess Ltd., Shell Expro (a 50/50 joint partnership between Shell and Esso) and Texaco--have joined forces in a project that will combine their expertise. The Triton project will allow three fields (Bittern, Guillemot West and Gullemot Northwest) to be developed simultaneously using subsea technology, with the wellheads on the seafloor and 68 miles (110 km) of flowlines taking oil and gas produced from the fields to a central floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel. These fields are located in the central area of the North Sea, about 118 miles from Aberdeen in 295 ft of water. The paper discusses the development of the fields, subsea technology, technical challenges, laying the pipeline, and project completion.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract:- Brine solution injection of beef contaminated with-Escherichia coli-O157:H7 on its surface may lead to internalization of pathogen cells and/or cross-contamination of the brine, which when recirculated, may serve as a source of new product contamination. This study evaluated survival of-E. coli-O157:H7 in brines formulated without or with antimicrobials. The brines were formulated in sterile distilled water (simulating the composition of freshly prepared brines) or in a nonsterile 3% meat homogenate (simulating the composition of recirculating brines) at concentrations used to moisture-enhance meat to 110% of initial weight, as follows: sodium chloride (NaCl, 5.5%) + sodium tripolyphosphate (STP, 2.75%), NaCl + sodium pyrophosphate (2.75%), or NaCl + STP combined with potassium ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

AbstractBackground: Quality of life in Parkinson patients with subthreshold depression could be improved if the prevalence and symptom profile were better understood. Methods: Our study used standard DSM-IV and Judd criteria as well as motor, depression, and quality-of-life scales to investigate a sample of 110 nondemented Parkinson patients. This led to formation of nondepressed (48.2%), subthreshold depressed (25.5%), and depressed (26.4%) groups. Results: Quality of life was seen to be significantly lower in subthreshold depressed patients than in the nondepressed, and there were differences in the frequency of depressive symptoms that partially overlapped with nonmotor symptoms of vegetative origin in Parkinson's disease (appetite, sleep disorders). Key measures of depression (diminish...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The size distributions of precipitated Ni clusters on the surface of a LaNi_5-based alloy immersed in alkaline solution (alkaline treatment) at 383 K for 0-110 min were precisely determined by combining superparamagnetic analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. The superparamagnetic analysis indicated that the diameters of the Ni clusters were smaller than #approx#25 nm in all samples, while their average values increased approximately from 5 to 9 nm with increasing alkaline treatment time. The spatial distribution of the Ni clusters was successively observed by TEM, which agreed fairly well with the estimated size distribution by superparamagnetic analysis. Therefore, estimation of the actual size distribution of Ni clusters by superparamagnetic analysis was proved to be feasible. Based on the above results, a precipitation process for Ni clusters by alkaline treatment is proposed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The optical emission of excited H reflected from clean Cu(110) after impingement of H/sup +/ and H/sub 2//sup +/ in the energy range of 250 eV to 20 keV per nucleon at 70/sup 0/ angle of incidence to the surface normal was measured. For incident 10 keV H/sub 2//sup +/, the highest excited hydrogen state detected was the n=10 level. The Hsub(..cap alpha..) yield was found to be fluence and energy dependent. This effect is attributed either to fast sputtered hydrogen, surface roughness or to an increase with hydrogen concentration in electron states of p-like symmetry near the Fermi level of copper. The Hsub(..cap alpha..) yield per reflected nucleon shows approximately an exponential dependence on both projectile energy per nucleon and scattered particle reciprocal velocity perpendicular to the surface.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Extraction of hemicellulose from hardwood chips prior to pulping is a possible method for producing ethanol and acetic acid in an integrated forest bio-refinery, adding value to wood components normally relegated to boiler fuel. Hemicellulose was extracted from hardwood chips using green liquor, a pulping liquor intermediate consisting of aqueous NaOH, Na2CO3, and Na2S, at 160degreeC, held for 110min in a 20L rocking digester. The extracted liquor contained 3.7% solids and had a pH of 5.6. The organic content of the extracts was mainly xylo-oligosaccharides and acetic acid. Because it was dilute, the hemicellulose extract was concentrated by evaporation in a thin film evaporator. Concentrates from the evaporator reached levels of up to 10% solids. Inhibitors such as acetic acid and sodium ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Context. Cardiovascular medication overdoses can be difficult to treat. Various treatment modalities are currently recommended. Objective. To describe patient outcomes and adverse events of high-dose insulin therapy in consecutive overdose patients in cardiogenic shock after implementation of a high-dose insulin protocol (1-10 U/kg/h, while avoiding or tapering off vasopressors). Methods. This is an observational consecutive case series of patients identified from a registry. Data were collected by retrospective chart review of patients treated by our toxicology service with this protocol from February 2007 until March 2010. Results. Twelve patients were treated with high-dose insulin. The mean age was 36.5 years (SD 11.7). Seven patients had pre-existing vasopressor therapy, and all were ...

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The development of nano/molecular devices will require atomic-sized electrical contacts or nano metric conductors for wiring. As metal nano wires exhibit quantized conductance at room temperature, quantum transport effects will play an important role in the practical implementation of nano devices. As copper is currently used as interconnecting metal in standard microelectronics, the characterization of Cu nano wire properties deserves special attention. In this work, we show a detailed study of structural and electronic properties of atomic-sized Cu wires. In particular, we have established a complete correlation between the conductance and the structure by associating real-time atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging with molecular dynamic simulations, conductance measurements and conductance calculations. Our study has revealed the structural relaxation of Cu wires forming a pentagonal atomic arrangement along the [110] direction that allows a ...

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The analysis of bagasse use indicates that the production of exportable electricity from sugar cane factories in Mauritius can be increased from the current level of between 10 and 20 kWh to around 60 kWh per tonne cane crushed. If the bagasse is dried and pelletized, and cane tops and leaves (CT and L) also used, electricity production can be further increased to around 100-110 kWh per tonne of cane crushed. An economic analysis of the process shows that the cost of electricity generated within the sugar industry in Mauritius is competitive with that of electricity produced from fossil fuels. In addition, it is shown that almost twice the current annual electricity consumption, or the postulated annual electricity consumption for the year 2000, of the island can be provided by the Mauritian Sugar Industry. 10 references.

Science.gov (United States)

CuPt-type ordering in In{sub 0.49}Al{sub 0.51}P is studied by TEM. The lattice-matched film was grown by MOCVD on a GaAs substrate oriented 10{sup o} off (001) towards [110], at 650 C and 25 nm/min. TEM [110] and [1{bar 1}0] cross-sections (XS) were made by wedge polishing and 2 kV Ar ion milling. In CuPt-type ordering of In{sub 0.52}Ga{sub 0.48}P, alternating In-Ga-In-Ga {l_brace}111{r_brace} planes of group III atoms produce 1/2 {bar 1}11 and 1/2 1{bar 1}1 order spots in the 110 SADP, while the [1{bar 1}0] SADP shows no order spots [1-3]. A few studies have reported this type of order in In{sub 0.49}Al{sub 0.51}P [4]. The 004 BF image of the [1{bar 1}0] XS in Fig. 1 shows uneven light/dark contrast modulation due to phase separation often observed in In{sub 0.52}Ga{sub 0.48}P. There are also light/dark layers marked ML parallel to the film growth plane; such unintentional multilayers have also been observed [5] but their ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The adhesion of microorganisms onto materials surface mediated by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) lead to an important modification of the metal-solution interface. The requirement of modern civilization with the heightened sense of environmental responsibilities and quality of life can be met by using some eco-friendly microbiocides with different spectra of activity. Some N{sub 2}O{sub 2} donor Schiff base compounds were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR and ESR spectroscopy. These compounds were found effective in controlling the growth of biofilm of E. coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Thiobacillus thiooxidans on copper surface. The optimum concentration of these compounds are in the range of 1--10 ppm. Various electrochemical, microbiological and surface-analytical techniques were used to monitor the biofilm in the presence of microbiocides.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Although magnesium is not attacked by hydrocarbons, it reacts vigorously with anhydrous methanol, raising concerns about the compatibility of the metal with methanol blend fuels. This paper describes the behavior of magnesium alloys in laboratory tests in static contact with methanol-containing fuels at 110/sup 0/F. Water in small concentrations (above 0.25% by weight of the methanol content) is shown to prevent the destructive attack of magnesium by these fuels. The required water content is well within the water tolerance of methanol-GTBA (gasoline grade tertiary-butyl alcohol) cosolvent fuel blends. Die cast AZ91HP shows greater resistance to methanol reaction than does AZ31B sheet.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

TiO{sub 2} is a vital material in several technologies including, photocatalysis, gas sensing, biomaterials and optical coatings. Among the several crystal structures of this oxide, rutile has the highest density and microhardness, the highest index of refraction and the highest temperature stability. The processing of dense polycrystalline materials often includes the addition of a liquid-forming phase at higher temperatures. This technique is known as liquid-phase sintering and has been studied extensively. Rutile boundaries containing an amorphous phase have been used to study boundary migration and grain-boundary grooving. Visible-light (VLM), scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in addition to electron-backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and a focused-ion beam (FIB) tool were used to characterize boundary migration in rutile. EBSD analysis was carried out on a Philips XL30 FEG SEM equipped with a DigiView 1612 high-resolution, high-speed CCD camera. A 2.5 ...