Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Full text of publication follows: The Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are always designed for the highest level of safety against postulated accidents which may be initiated due to internal or external causes. One of the external/internal causes, which may lead to accident in the reactor and its associated systems, is fire in certain vital areas of the plant. Conventionally, the fire containment approach and/or the fire confinement approach is used in designing the fire protection systems of NPPs. Indian NPPs (PHWRs) follow the combined approach to ensure plant safety and all newly designed plants are required to comply with the provisions of Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) fire safety Guide. In respect of older plants, the reassessment of adequacy of fire safety provisions in the light of current advances has becomes essential so as to decide upon the steps for retrofitting. Keeping this in mind the deterministic fire hazard analysis was carried out for the ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Abstract : Two traces in flexible cables used in the Milstar agile beam antenna system failed during acceptance testing. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The direct-current submarine cable interconnecting Hokkaido and Honshu (hereafter called HH linkage) is an example of installation of an undersea cable for long-distance power transmission crossing a sea strait. In particular, the feature of this interconnection is that an oil-filled (OF) cable is used for the high-voltage side with crosslinked polyethylene (XPLE) cable adopted for the return to comprise a conductor return system. The details of the facilities, especially the design of the OF submarine cable are described. 3 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper reported on a study in which partial discharge (PD) measurements were performed on 6 underground transmission cable circuits to determine the effectiveness of PD measurements on fluid fill cables. The cables were between 37 and 56 years old. PD activity was detected from the terminations of H11L and H3L Cable 2. However, for cables from H3L Basin TS to Mill Street junction, PD activity was detected originating from within the main cable insulation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A historical review on insulated cables for power transmission, is presented, beginning with impregnated paper insulation, oil filled cables and natural rubber cables. High density and chemically reticulated polyethylene were then used for high voltage and very high voltage cables; the advantages of polyethylene compared to impregnated paper cables are discussed, which led to research programs at EDF on various themes concerning the optimization of polyethylene cables: dielectric properties and reliability, thermomechanical behaviour, thermal ageing of materials, testing methods (acceptance dielectric test and long duration temperature test); utilization of low- and high-density and chemically reticulated polyethylene for 225 kV cables is discussed

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The invention deals with a pumping plant for oil filled power cables. An air driven piston type pump is used as primary pump. A PLS (Programmable Logic control System) is used to control the oil flow to the cable(s). Improvements of the pump includes means for ensuring that the pump piston is operated also at low pressure and flow, and means for sealing off the piston rod to ensure maximum life of seals, to facilitate detection of possible leakages and to avoid contamination of the cable oil. 3 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An anomaly in the continuous X-ray (CXR) response of filled cables is described. A systematic investigation of this anomaly is pursued with a single cable type and a model explaining the anomaly is presented. The effect of the anomaly on the accuracy of CXR measurement of SGEMP response is discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In marine seismic exploration, an approximately two-mile long hydrophone cable is towed behind the ship. The commonly employed cable consists of a kerosene-filled hose enclosing hydrophones, electrical wires, and steel ropes. The kerosene provides buoyancy while the steel ropes are for structural support. For deep-water operations, the cable is pulled through the water at a depth of 20-40 feet. For shallow water, a bottom reference configuration is used and the cable is dragged. This paper presents a comparison of electroacoustic properties between a newly designed, buoyant solid cable and those of the conventional kerosene-filled hose. The emphasis is on drag cable operations. Cable maintenance is a major problem. Jacket cuts occur because of improper handling or collisions with other ships, subsea structures, and debris. Kerosene leakage ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An explanation is given of life estimation of CV cable and OF cable which are generally used as high-voltage power cable. CV cable uses XLPE (crosslined polyethylene) and OF cable uses oil-immersed paper as electrical insulators. Relating to CV cable, voltage deterioration due to partial discharge and electric treeing occurs in a high electric field, and by extrapolating the data of up to the actually used electric field in this high electric field, the life is estimate (there is an n-power deterioration law which is V{sup n} = t between breakdown voltage V and electric applied time t). Validity of this extrapolation, however, is a future issue. Further, in the use under the immersion condition, water tree deterioration phenomena influenced by water content and the electric field which are characteristic of CV cable are seen even in the ...

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A small cable yarding system for accumulations of slash on forested land and overstocked non-productive stands is described.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Application, design, and installation of the cable line in steel pipe with oil under pressure for 500 kV is considered. The cable construction and design specifications are presented. Manpower requirements for the installation of the cable, extending from the hydrogenerators to the outdoor switchgears or to the change point where they are connected to overhead power lines, are discussed and data provided.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper-insulated low-pressure oil-filled cable invented in 1917 has been used throughout the world as the major cable system for voltages from 33kV to 525kV and experimentally to 1100kV. The proven reliability of the design is amply demonstrated by the cables installed in the early 1930s still currently in service. The inherent design of an oil-filled cable requires that the low viscosity oil is retained within a lead or aluminium sheath. Changes in oil volume due to changes in ambient temperature and load are accommodated by oil reservoirs which maintain the cable oil pressure within design limits. A microprocessor monitoring system that allows early detection and quick location of oil leaks from high voltage oil-filled cables is described.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The method is used for repairing armored logging cables. It consists of preparing armor, subsequent connection of current-conducting strands and wires of the armor, and laying of the armor. Sections of connecting the wires of the armor of the lower and upper layers are scattered over the length of the fused section of the cable. In order to improve the fault strength of the cable, the junctions of connection of the armor wires are scattered among themselves at a distance determined by the Euler formula, and thermal tempering of the wire sections is carried out near these junctions, and then the fused section of the cable is reinforced.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Many power apparatus and underground cable systems have been constructed since 1970 in korea. Recently, as the needs for underground T and D systems increase rapidly, any fault on the systems causes enormous economic losses in our society. Thus, this paper described. (1) Survey on the amount and the increasing rates of the underground cable systems at home and abroad. (2) Survey on fault data for the underground cables and joints at home and abroad.From the analysis on fault data, we analyzed the cause of fault and classified the typical fault mode for the underground cable systems. (author). 5 refs., 3 figs., 11 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Studies were conducted to examine the pressure on fluid-filled cables of electric power transmission networks in the event of an oil leak. Transition splices between paper-insulated oil-impregnated cable systems (PILC) and solid dielectric cable is difficult to perform. A proper PILC is composed of a means to contain oil within the cable structure and to keep moisture out. A failure of the cable joint could occur if an oil leak dries out the paper. Since oil pressure in most PILC cables is high, strong mechanical means must be devised to contain the oil within the cable. Resin systems, heat shrink systems and wiped lead sleeves to reseal the PILC cable over the splice, are among the methods used to stop an oil leak. A system has been designed using an EPDM tube contained under mechanical pressure; it has proven to be ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The downstream failure of cable during winding, insulating, coil winding, and coil assembly is a significant issue in magnet production. The impact of these failures is costly both financially and because of the time needed to recover from them. The current approach to cabling has been to visually inspect the cable for any gross defects during cabling. To date this has been effective in finding small defects such as crossovers, which drastically reduce the mechanical integrity of the strand and thus of the cable itself. But because of the large volume of cable that will be manufactured, an automated flaw detection system that can inspect the cable and detect these types of defects will be needed. We have recently done an on-line experiment using an Eddy current system and specialized Eddy current probes to inspect cable ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This patent describes an oil-filled electric cable and a manufacturing method for said cable, in which the solid insulation is formed, at least in part, by separately applied, alternate layers of cellulose paper tape and of film tapes made of plastic. Prior to application of the tapes around the cable conductor, the moisture content of the paper tape is selected and the swelling of the plastic tape by the oil after application is adjusted, if necessary, such as by immersing the plastic tape in the oil prior to application, so that the swelling of the plastic tape by the oil in the formed cable is offset by the shrinkage of the paper tape during drying of the cable. Also, an apparatus for pre-swelling the plastic tape is described. 4 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Only two types of 110-kV-cables: Namely XLPE-Cables and External-Gas-Pressure-Cables will be reinstalled in the Federal Republic of Germany. XLPE-Cables have been already developed for higher voltages. An idea how the external-gas-pressure-cable could be made fit for higher voltage levels will be given in this paper. (orig.) [Deutsch] In der Bundesrepublik Deutschland werden in der Zukunft nur noch zwei Kabeltypen der 110-kV-Ebene den Kabelmarkt beherrschen, naemlich: VPE-Kabel und Gasaussendruck-Kabel. Waehrend VPE-Kabel auch fuer hoehere Spannungsebenen bereits entwickelt worden sind, wird im folgenden vorgeschlagen, wie auch das Prinzip der Gasaussendruck-Kabel zu hoeheren Spannungen hin erweitert werden kann. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The development and installation, by Hydro-Quebec, of a computerized pressure monitoring and control system on its fluid-filled high voltage underground cable network in Montreal, was described. The average age of these underground fluid-filled cables is more than 30 years and the cost to replace the circuits is estimated to be 230 million dollars. It is, therefore, crucial to maintain at all times and under all operating conditions a positive oil pressure in order to maintain the dielectric strength of paper insulation, and to prevent air and moisture from entering the cables and accessories. The monitoring and control system is reliable, flexible, user friendly and easy to upgrade. It reduces intervention time on the cables and ensures the protection of the cable network by remotely operating valves to connect oil reserve banks and by providing efficient maintenance management ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The electric explosion of a conductor being part of an electric cable is studied. It is ascertained that the electric properties of a polymeric dielectric depend nonlinearly on the maintenance of the ultradisperse metal filler. In the course of the numerous heating-cooling processes of an insulator, a streamlining of the structure of a polymeric composite occurs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study was carried out to identify optimal laminate/oil combinations for low pressure oil filled and high pressure pipe-type cables, and to establish taping criteria under factory conditions. Laminates from two sources were evaluated in conjunction with Sun XX high viscosity mineral oil and Cosden 015SH polybutene oil for high pressure type cables, and Dussek TC-2288N mineral oil, Shell P2 dedecylbenzene and Chevron DF-100 alkylbenzene for low pressure oil-filled cables. Swelling tests, infrared analysis, dissipation and dielectric measurements, impulse tests and a taping trial were performed. It was found that there is no appreciable difference in performance of both laminates when tested on model cables in a variety of oils. Both types exhibited superior aging characteristics vis-a-vis cellulose paper when tested with a variety of oils and at temperatures up to 105{degree}C. For pipe type ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A multi-faceted research program has been performed to investigate in detail several aspects of free and forced convective cooling of underground electric cable systems. There were two main areas of investigation. The first one reported in this volume dealt with the fluid dynamic and thermal aspects of various components of the cable system. In particular, friction factors for laminar flow in the cable pipes with various configurations were determined using a finite element technique; the temperature distributions and heat transfer in splices were examined using a combined analytical numerical technique; the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of cable pipes in the transitional and turbulent flow regime were determined experimentally in a model study; and full-scale model experimental work was carried out to determine the fluid dynamic and thermal characteristics of entrance and exit ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The design of High-Voltage, Direct-Current transmission cables insulated with oil-impregnated cellulose paper is constrained by the maximum temperature and the maximum steady-state and transient stresses (voltage gradients) that the cable insulation can reliably withstand over the desired operating lifetime. Because the electrical stresses in the insulation are related in a very complex fashion to temperature, applied voltage and cable geometry, iterative techniques are required to compute the values of these stresses. Digital computers are ideally suited for these iterative techniques. This paper presents the principal equations and logic needed to develop suitable computer programs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A back-up system is provided for a pumping plant or a pressure reservoir system used to maintain insulating oil under pressure in high voltage submarine power cables which includes a gas driven membrane pump to insure a small outflow of oil at a rupture point in the power cable to prevent water from penetrating the cable. The proper operation of the membrane pump is insured by introducing degasified oil at the drive side of the pump during the stand-by and test modes of operation of the back-up system. 11 drawings.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The upgrading of several 69 kV pipe-type cable feeders on the Potomac Electric Power Company (PEPCo) transmission cable system is discussed. The methods used for the ampacity calculation are described. The fluid circulation approach required to meet the feeder emergency load requirements are discussed. For the feeders that were in service for approximately 40 years, a system life evaluation was performed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nexans has developed a new type of high voltage sea cable with metal barrier for dynamic application, suited for floating installations such as vessels, floating wind turbines or floating platforms. A brief presentation of the cable's design (ml)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new method of pinpointing dielectric fluid leaks on pipe-type and self-contained cables using perfluorocarbon tracer (PFT) is presented. The method has successfully been used on the Con Edison transmission system to locate leaks of dielectric fluid on both types of cables. Application of the PFT technique does not require feeder deenergization and provides major advantages over the conventional method of freeze and pressure testing. Description of the method and results of field application are presented in the paper.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A high voltage oil-impregnated electrical cable with fully polymer taped insulation operable to 765 kV. Biaxially oriented, specially processed, polyethylene, polybutene or polypropylene tape with an embossed pattern is wound in multiple layers over a conductive core with a permeable screen around the insulation. Conventional oil which closely matches the dielectric constant of the tape is used, and the cable can be impregnated after field installation because of its excellent impregnation characteristics.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radiation degradation of polycarbonate (PC) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) used as cable connector was evaluated using DSC, TGA, and mechanical properties. Glass transition temperature, melting temperature, 5% weight loss temperature, elongation at break, and tensile strength measurements were carried out for each of {gamma}-ray irradiated samples. In the results of those analyses, PC has radiation resistance better than PBT as a cable connector material.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conventional methods for calculating electricity losses in pipe-type cable systems rely heavily on data measured in lower-voltage systems in the 1950s. With the new technique developed in this study, engineers can compute power losses more precisely for cables of various configurations and voltage ratings.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

After the successful completion of the development program of the 2000 m water depth HVDC Hawaii Deep Water Self Contained Fluid Filled Cable, the interconnection between Hawaii island and Oahu island is examined. Thermal, electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, corrosion, length aspects are developed for both fluid filled and paper impregnated (SOLID) cables which are foreseen in different portions of the approximately 250 km length connection. Considerations are also presented for the requirements of the cable ship: 12 m sheave diameter, 7000 t capacity for the rotating platform. The feasibility of manufacturing, transporting and laying such cables within a practical schedule is discussed in this paper.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes a Honshu-Shikoku linking transmission cable building plan and its technical features. The Chugoku District and the Shikoku District are supplied with power currently by the Chugoku-Shikoku trunk line of 220,000 volts. To cope with the anticipated power shortage, a plan was established to install power cables for 500,000 volts on the Honshu-Shikoku connecting bridge. The plan calls far an installation length of 127.4 km and a transmission capacity of 1.2 million kW per line. The cable installation on the Seto Bridge was completed already, the construction is now in the peak period for building steel towers on the land sections, and laying overhead cables and underground cables. Commencement of the operation is scheduled 1994 on one liner, and 2000 on two lines. The technical features include the Japan's first large-capacity, long-distance underground ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In 1976, the US Department of Energy and New York State - ERDA granted a contract for the development of a +-600 kV dc underground transmission cable system looking to inevitable future requirements in the US for economic, high-capacity, long-distance underground transmission linking remote generating stations to metropolitan load centers. This project was comprehensive and dealt with three separate system components, i.e., cable, splice, and terminals. In each instance, for each component, development required an intensive R and D effort, focused on the following categories: insulating materials, model testing, design of full-scale prototype, manufacturer of prototype, and laboratory development testing. Insulating papers and oils were selected, and model studies performed, for both self-contained type and pipe type oil-filled cables. However, only the pipe cable design was finally designated for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A multi-faceted research program has been performed to investigate in detail several aspects of free and forced convective cooling of underground electric cable systems. There were two main areas of investigation. The first one, reported in Volume 1, dealt with the fluid dynamic and thermal aspects of various components of the cable system. In particular, friction factors for laminar flow in the cable pipes with various configurations were determined using a finite element technique; the temperature distributions and heat transfer in splices were examined using a combined analytical numerical technique; the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of cable pipes in the transitional and turbulent flow regime were determined experimentally in a model study; and full-scale model experimental work was carried out to determine the fluid dynamic and thermal characteristics of entrance and exit chambers ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper begins with an introduction on the reasons that lead to the use of HVDC submarine cable links. The main aspects for the choice of direct current are presented as well as the advantages deriving from the utilization of submarine cables. The second part is dedicated to a discussion on the various type of insulation that could be used in power cables and their possible application to HVDC submarine cables. In the following there is a description of the main characteristics and technical details of some particular project that at present time (1995) are in progress. Two projects are briefly presented: Spain-Morocco, a 26 km long interconnection for the transmission, in a first phase, of 700 MW from Spain to Morocco at 400 kV a.c. by means of three cables, plus one spare, of the fluid filled type. The cables are designed for a future change to d.c. 450 kV, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

On February 9, 1995 ComEd experienced a pipe type cable failure on 138kV line 13717. Line 1737 is a bulk power transmission cable circuit connecting The Fisk and Crawford generating stations located within city limits. The line is approximately 4.5 miles long and was originally installed in 1975. This line is forced cooled, has 2,500 KCMIL copper conductors with 505 mils of paper insulation in an 8 inch pritec coated steel pipe. The splices are constructed with Voltalit castings. The failure occurred approximately 3,500 feet from Crawford Station. It was easy to locate the failure since the cable joint casing was breached resulting in the loss of approximately 2,600--2,700 gallons of dielectric fluid. Upon field examination B Phase was determined to have failed. The failure occurred 12 inches inside the casing in an area where it was impossible to install a long connector or add an additional short length of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The integrity of the cables located in the target room is very important in the Fire PSA, because the CDF and CCDP are changed according to the results of a cable integrity that depends on the surrounding gas temperature. The conservative assumptions used in the Fire PSA typically specify that all of the equipment and cables of a room would fail when a fire happens in the room. But the realistic assessment of a fire risk by using a fire simulation tool has become necessary in the Fire PSA as described in the ANS Fire PRA Standard. This paper evaluates the cable integrity of eight pump rooms in the nuclear power plant by using the CFAST zone fire model. The upper layer gas temperature of each room is estimated, and an analysis based on the results of model simulations is used to judge the cable integrity. According to the analysis results, the integrity of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One year of research on validating the performance of the Cable Monitoring and Rating System (CMARS) is reported. The performance testing was conducted on underground 230-kV and 345-kV pipe type cable circuits owned by the New Jersey Public Service Electric and Gas Co. Laser temperature monitoring systems and a data acquisition system were installed. Software installation and development is discussed. The CMARS testing program is described. (LCL)

CERN Document Server

The homogeneity of the magnetic field in the LHC dipoles strongly depends on the correct position of the superconducting cables: this is related to the quality of the dipole components, such as the dimension of the coil spacers (copper wedges), of the cable and of the collars. The performance in operational conditions is also affected by the magnetization of the cables. In this work, we analyse the measurements of these quantities during the production of the 1276 LHC dipoles, their trends, and the relation to the measured magnetic field. A novel mtehod to locate electrical shorts based on the analysis of magnetic measurements is also presented, and applications to 15 dipoles reascued during the production is given.

Science.gov (United States)

Although the p53 tumor suppressor is relatively well characterized, much less is known about the functions of other members of the p53 family, p73 and p63. Here, we present evidence that in specific pathological conditions caused by exposure of normal cells to bile acids in acidic conditions, p73 protein plays the predominant role in the DNA damage response. These pathological conditions frequently occur during gastric reflux in the human esophagus and are associated with progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. We found that despite strong DNA damage induced by bile acid exposure, only p73 (but not p53 and p63) is selectively activated in a c-Abl kinase-dependent manner. The activated p73 protein induces DNA damage repair. Using a human DNA repair PCR array, we identified multiple DNA repair genes affected by p73. Two glycosylases involved in base excision repair, SMUG1 and MUTYH, were characterized and found to be transcriptionally regulated ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Beginning in 1972 low-pressure cables filled with MN-4 oil produced by the Yaroslav Petroleum Processing Plant arrived at the Leningrad Cable Network of the Leningrad Rayon Power Administration. Lines formed with these cables have been successfully used. The parameters of the oil in them have not changed with respect to the values present when the lines were placed in operation. However, from here on filling in of the 110 to 220 kV input lines of low and high pressure will be accomplished with MN-4 oil produced by the Gorkiy Petroleum Processing Plant. Because petroleum from various fields and the properties of the oil produced from it are unlike, samples were taken from some elements of the lines filled in with MN-4 oil. The results of the tests are described.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The integrity of the cables located in the target room is very important in the Fire PSA, because the CDF and CCDP are changed according to the results of a cable integrity that depends on the surrounding gas temperature. The conservative assumptions used in the Fire PSA typically specify that all of the equipment and cables of a room would fail when a fire happens in the room. But the realistic assessment of a fire risk by using a fire simulation tool has become necessary in the Fire PSA as described in the ANS Fire PRA Standard. This paper evaluates the cable integrity of eight pump rooms in the nuclear power plant by using the CFAST zone fire model. The upper layer gas temperature of each room is estimated, and an analysis based on the results of model simulations is used to judge the c...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The report presents technical and economical aspects of underground cables compared to overhead lines in Norway in high voltage transmission systems above 22 kV. The economical comparison between the two options includes capital costs of installation (investment costs), maintenance costs and costs of electrical losses. The main technical issues discussed are reliability and flexibility. 35 refs., 23 figs., 29 tabs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Heavy high viscosity oils, transformer oils, and very light low viscosity oils have been used in a Norwegian company in the impregnation, sheathing, and installation of paper insulated cables. The aim...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The electrophysical characteristics of the electric cable?s transition into a state of a heterogenic polymer system due to a wire?s explosion were examined. Using cyclic heating-cooling of the composite, the changes in its topology were observed. The latter makes it possible to regulate the dielectric characteristics of the system.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The current-carrying capacity of oil-filled cables is increased by forced cooling, which is accomplished by three methods: direct, surface and internal, depending on the relative positions of the cable and the cooling agent. The surface and indirect methods are the simplest and are sufficiently effective methods of cooling and make it possible to improve the current-carrying capacity of cables already mastered by the USSR's industry. A calculation method is suggested for the proper determination of the permissible load on lines of these sorts. A procedure is presented whereby equations are derived which make it possible to calculate the temperature of elements of the system and by means of an iteration calculation a determination is made of the total heat flow from the cable with which the temperature of the conductor along the line does not exceed the permissible value. The permissible current ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Installation of the electrical equipment at the Barstow Solar Pilot Plant is the concern of this construction package. Technical specifications for power and instrument cables, meteorological instruments, and control cables are defined. The documentation requirements are briefly discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Non-destructive methods of diagnosis for detecting cable degradation by aging are being studied recently for improvement of electric wires and cables. This study examines degradation behaviors of cable sheath and insulation by combined accelerated aging tests applying thermal and radiation stresses simultaneously using a typical low voltage cable. According to experiments, elongation of cross-linked polyethylene insulation deteriorated at a faster rate than PVC sheath did under low doses below 50 Gy/h. Therefore, measurements using a time domain dielectric spectrometer (TDS) were carried out for the purpose of developing a method of degradation diagnosis of insulation. It was found that values of tan#delta# measured at very low frequencies below 0.1 Hz increase in pace with degradation of insulation reflecting the level of degradation more effectively than those measured at frequencies around the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report presents a reassessment of the design of Resistive Cryogenic Cable Systems with regard to dielectric material selection, thermal insulation selection, conductor design, and refrigeration subsystem design. An algorithm using test data generated as part of the program and available from the literature was developed and used to assess the driving parameters for system cost analysis. The results of this cost sensitivity analysis are presented. An electric utility, Public Service Electric and Gas of New Jersey (PSE and G), performed an economic viability evaluation comparing two selected Resistive Cryogenic Cable Systems to a conventional cable system (high pressure oil-filled). The comparison was made for a 35-mile network application on the PSE and G transmission system scheduled to be placed in service in 1995. Consideration was given to equipment capital, installation, and operating costs. It was concluded that a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The microelectronic cable diagnosis is a substantial tool to determine destruction free the residual strength and the lifetime of laid PE/XLPE medium voltage cables. Fundamentals of the ageing diagnosis and a cost reduced inspection concept are the `Isothermal-Relaxation-Current` Analysis and the Neuro-Fuzzy evaluation software. These new tools are able to determine the ageing status of the investigated cable without any references. The authors also show that the test breakdown during the assessment of the ageing status of criterial systems can be reduced by this approach. The cable diagnosis equipment KDA is also useful for the steering of investment as well as for preventive maintenance. (orig.) [Deutsch] Die zerstoerungsfreie dielektrische Kabeldiagnostik kann heute einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Bestimmung der Restfestigkeit und der Restlebensdauer eines PE/VPE-isolierten Mittelspannungskabels ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The 220 kV Ch{bar u}si Trunk Line, now transmitting a maximum of 300 MW of electricity between the Ch{bar u}goku area of Honsh{bar u} and Shikoku island, is expected to be inadequate in the 1990's due to the rise in electrical demand. Therefore, to strengthen this interconnection, a new 500 kV transmission line was proposed. The most significant feature of this transmission line is the installation of 500 kV cables along the bridges (the Seto Ohashi Bridge) which span the Inland Sea (Seto). This is the first 500 kV long-distance transmission cable line. It is also the first large-scale cable line in the world installed along various types of bridges (ten bridges; route length of the bridge portion approximately 8 km). This paper gives an outline of the Honsh{bar u}---Shikoku interconnecting transmission line and also presents some technical features concerning 500 kV cables.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This is a build-and-scrap-and-build job, in which a new No. 1 generator is constructed while the existing plant stays in operation in the same site. Since interference between the new and the existing systems are unavoidable in such work, protection is sufficiently provided and measurements are frequently performed when the work comes to involve important structures positioned close to each other, such as the existing No. 1 and No. 2 OF (oil-filled) cables transmitting power from the existing power plant to Minami-Yokohama Substation of Tokyo Electric Power Co., Ltd., and the newly planned discharge channel or the existing covered sewerage and the newly planned discharge outlet. Now that the newly planned discharge channel intercepts the OF cables at three places and is installed to pass under the existing cable duct, it once happened that the duct supporting piles were severed for the cables to suspend ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new surveillance system for Oil-Filled cable, which can provide continuous monitoring, using a newly developed optical gas sensor that can detect the concentration of the gas dissolved in the oil with extremely high sensitivity has been developed. It was proved that the degree of deterioration of the insulating oil can be detected by measuring C{sub 2}H{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} by investigating the relation between the degree of deterioration and amount of combustible gas generated. In order to detect extremely small amounts of gas, a new gas detecting method using absorption line of the gas using a frequency modulated technique has been developed. The gas detection ability was also confirmed by examination using a 66 kV of cable and the possibility of detection at an early stage is expected.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report presents the results of an investigation into currently used methods for installation of underground high voltage power transmission cable, and offers recommendations for potentially improving these methods. Suggested enhancements cover the emplacement of both high pressure oil filled (HPOPT) pipe type and self contained oil filled (SCOF) cable systems. Cost comparisons of conventionally installed cable systems versus systems using proposed techniques and equipment are developed for a specific site selected for study. The report also documents the test results of laboratory experiments conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of using interference fit pipe couplings in place of welded pipe joints. 10 refs., 31 figs., 15 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper reports on a flexible dimensionaly flush joint for 500kV aluminum-sheathed oil-filled cables capable of being assembled, pulled an installed in a similar manner to cables at site which has been developed. This joint is intended for use at intermediate points on long bridges or tunnels where local assembly and installation of conventional joints would be difficult. In developing the joint various novel and original techniques have been employed, including the flexible flush jointing of segmental conductors, the flexible jointing of paper insulation by a combination of wrapping-back and stepping methods, plus on-site aluminum sheath corrugating and sealing methods.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Berliner Kraft- u. Licht (BEWAG)AG have been conducting investigations during the last several years on a 110 kV low-pressure oil-filled high-power cable with a water cooled conductor and a load capacity of 950 MVA at 110 kV. After successful transport of the cable drums (weight: 16 metric tons; diameter: 4.9 m) from the manufacturing in Cologne, West Germany, to Berlin (West), and after laying of the cable over a 300 m stretch, the commissioning tests in accordance with IEC and VDE* standards have been concluded, and several loadings with a current of 5000 A have been performed. Now, after completion of various improvements in the test system, preparations are underway for initiation of long-term testing over a period of approx. 18 months.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electric cars can be recharged via charging stations, battery exchange, or induction cable lanes in asphalted roads. The users' wishes remain unexplored, so a number of technologies are competing in this sector.

Science.gov (United States)

The recent online publication of classified defense documents and diplomatic cables by the organization WikiLeaks and subsequent reporting by the New York Times and other news media have focused attention on whether such publication violates U.S. criminal...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The studies undertaken by the B.C. Hydro company at the Canada showed that the existing system of hydroelectric power plants and transport cables will not be able to satisfy the increasing energy demand on the Vancouver island after 1985, and that the best solution will be the installation of a 525 kV transfer system from the continent. THe STK participated to the development and the immersion of this new system, the first in the world comprising submarine 525 kV transport parts. This paper presents the planning, the development, the submerging and the installation of two sections of submarine cable.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A large number of fiber optic cables were used in support of a neutron imaging experiment at the Nevada Test Site. This paper describes the quality control testing of fiber components used on this experiment. The principal reason for quality control testing was to ensure reliable, high transmission fibers; a secondary reason was to gain data on a large sample of fiber cables in the field. Also described is the instrumentation developed for carrying out these field measurements. The design of the quality control instrumentation was a compromise between accuracy and simplicity of use.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An empirical model of detonator electrical performance which describes the resistance of the exploding bridgewire (EBW) or exploding foil initiator (EFI or slapper) as a function of energy, deposition will be described. This model features many parameters that can be adjusted to obtain a close fit to experimental data. This has been demonstrated using recent experimental data taken with the cable discharge system located at Sandia National Laboratories. This paper will be a continuation of the paper entitled ``Cable Discharge System for Fundamental Detonator Studies`` presented at the 2nd NASA/DOD/DOE Pyrotechnic Workshop.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A detailed description is given of the design, fabrication, and installation of oil-filled 500-kV cable lines used for the first time in the USSR for transmitting electric power from step-up transformers installed several meters from the hydroelectric generators to an outdoor distribution system or a junction point at which they are connected to overhead power transmission lines. These lines are 950 to 1050 m long and they are placed at levels differing by 45 m along the route. These lines can transmit power as great as 630 MV.A.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

With the fire accident in Browns Ferry nuclear power plant as a turning point, the regulation against fire has been strengthened more strictly as seen in the regulatory guide of the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Fire of cables is caused by either the ignition of a cable itself or spread of fire to cables. The aspect of fire is divided into the local ignition and combution and the fire extension and prepagation because of the line-shaped configuration of cables. This report describes the prevention of the spread of fire. As the materials for the prevention of fire spread, fire spread-preventing paint ''Dannekka'', sealant ''Danseal P and L'', and fire prevention tape ''FD tape'' are reported, and the testing method and the results are described in detail. ''Dannekka'' is classified into the solvent dispersion type and the water dispersion type. It may be coated with brush or by spraying. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Dalia field is located 210 km north west of Luanda (Angola), about 140 km from shore in 1400 meter water-depth. It was the second major discovery out of 15 made in the block 17 operated by Total. The Dalia Umbilical, Flow lines and Risers EPCI Contract was awarded in 2003. The sea-line network to connect and control the 71 wells and 9 manifolds consist of the following: 40 km of insulated pipe in pipe (12 inches into 17 inches) production flow lines; 45 km of 12 inches water and gas injection lines; 6 off 1.7 km flexible water and gas injection risers; 8 off 1.65 km flexible Integrated Production Bundle (IPB) risers; 75 km of control umbilicals. The flow assurance and associated insulation requirement of the production transport system was one of the main challenges of the project. With a crude temperature of 45 deg C at the wellhead and the required minimum temperature of 35 deg C on arrival at the FPSO, this problem was complex. Understanding that, due to the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) modular stellarator is under construction at the Max-Planck-Institut fuer Plasmaphysik in Greifswald, Germany. The W7-X magnet system contains 70 coils made up from helium cooled superconducting cables in aluminium alloy (EN AW-6063) jackets. Several hundred connections of the jacket to the cable joints are made by aluminium-to-aluminium welds. Due to geometrical and thermal boundary conditions these welds cannot be accomplished free from defects. Microscopic analyses of the welds show that a variety of small flaws such as cracks and pores develop during welding. The welds have thus to be dimensioned accordingly, and appropriate weld qualification, investigation and testing has to be done in order not to jeopardise the structural integrity and leak tightness. The weld is mechanically loaded during cool-down due to the difference in thermal contractions between the GRP insulation and the aluminium, and during operation ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

''S-220'' white oil is used currently to impregnate and fill high voltage cables for 110-500 kilovolts; it has high electrical characteristics and meets production and use standards. High pressure and cooling problems, however, require filling cables with lower viscosity oils, while insulation needs still demand high viscosity. The authors developed a new white oil similar to S-220 using a neutral oil made in producing sulfonate additives. The process involved vacuum distillation, low-temperature paraffination, sulfation with oleum, neutralizing with ammonium hydroxide and simultaneous extraction of sulfo-salts and contact purification. The lowest content of aromatic hydrocarbons was sought. Dielectric qualities varied with viscosity. Satisfactory thermooxidational capability was found at 50/sup 0/C with an oil of no less than 50 mm/sup 2//sec viscosity. The final white oil had no more than 2% aromatic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The danger potential for 110 kV cables, which are installed on racks and in tunnels, caused by catching fire because of arcing short circuits and mechanical overstressing by peak shortcircuit current, has been experimental analysed under Bewag network conditions. As a result, recommendations for an improved installation of 110 kV cables are given. (orig.) [Deutsch] Fuer offen gelegte 110-kV-Kabel in Raeumen, auf Fussboeden und in Schaechten wurde das von Kurzschluessen auf den Kabeln ausgehende Gefaehrdungspotential fuer die Entstehung von Kabelbraenden durch Fehlerlichtboegen und fuer eine mechanische Ueberbeanspruchung von Kabeln durch Stosskurzschlussstroeme unter Beruecksichtigung der Netzverhaeltnisse der Bewag experimentell untersucht. Im Ergebnis geben die Verfasser Empfehlungen fuer die sichere Anordnung offen gelegter 110-kV-Kabel. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A dipole magnet based on the common coil design, using prereacted Nb{sub 3}Sn superconductor, is under development at Fermilab, for a future Very Large Hadron Collider. This magnet has some innovative design and technological features such as single layer coils, a 22 mm wide 60-strand Rutherford type cable and stainless steel collars reinforced by horizontal bridges inserted between coil blocks. Both left and right coils are wound simultaneously into the collar structure and then impregnated with epoxy. In order to optimize the design and fabrication techniques an R&D program is underway. The production of cables with the required characteristics was shown possible. Collar laminations were produced, assembled and tested in order to check the effectiveness of the bridges and the validity of the mechanical design. A mechanical model consisting of a 165 mm long section of the magnet straight section was assembled and tested. This paper ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bags of explosive are loaded rapidly into deep wellbores by suspending a rigid positioning tube partway into the wellbore, and loading the bags into the tube, the bags being prevented from dropping through the open bottom end of the tube by a cord attached to the lowermost bag and secured at the upper end of the tube when the tube-suspending cable is in tension by a cordsecuring/releasing means, E.G., a pivotable bar having a hook on one end. When the bag-laden tube is lowered to the bottom of the wellbore, or to a column of bags previously placed therein, the tension on the cable is relaxed and the cord is released, allowing the positioning tube thereafter to be raised to the surface for re-use, leaving the cord and bags in the wellbore. Freedom of the bag-supporting cord to move with respect to the positioning tube when the latter is raised to the surface is assured by threading the cord through plastic tubing mounted to the wall of the ...

Science.gov (United States)

The invention is a mechanism for retaining an electrical transmission line. In one embodiment of the invention it is a system for retaining an electrical transmission line within downhole components. The invention allows a transmission line to be attached to the internal diameter of drilling components that have a substantially uniform drilling diameter. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the system includes a plurality of downhole components, such as sections of pipe in a drill string, drill collars, heavy weight drill pipe, and jars. The system also includes a coaxial cable running between the first and second end of a drill pipe, the coaxial cable having a conductive tube and a conductive core within it. The invention allows the electrical transmission line to withstand the tension and compression of drill pipe during routine drilling cycles.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

S-120 white oils are used to impregnate insulation and fill high voltage wires. Cooling oil flows of specified viscosities can increase the load capacity of wires. White oils are studied for viscosities and dielectric properties. To meet requirements, S-220 type oils of different medium or low viscosities are tested. Capacity can be increased by viscosity adjustment. Tests were also made to select optimum stabilizing additives to keep low-viscosity.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Several materials, lenses, dry bearings and cables were exposed to a tritiated moisture environment to study the behavior of tritium contamination on candidate materials for ITER remote handling equipment. To optimize the tritium removal procedure, decontamination experiments using a gas purge with three different moisture concentrations were also performed. The surface tritium concentrations of CeO_2 containing alkaline barium glass (NB), CeO_2 containing lead glass (LX) and synthetic quartz (Quartz) after the exposure experiments were 7.80, 10.94 and 0.67 Bq/cm"2, respectively. It was found that the tritium concentration was influenced by the compositions of the materials. The concentrations of tritium on type 831 (solid lubrication material: graphite) and type 237 (solid lubrication material: tungsten disulfate) dry bearings after the exposure experiments were 89.80 and 31.78 Bq/cm"2, respectively. The tritium concentration in an electric ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A brief article gives an update on the commercial exploitation of superconductivity by the American Superconductor Corporation. Potential applications include transmission and distribution, motors, magnetic storage systems, current limiters and transport. The company have produced a kilometre long, ''wrappable'' cable capable of carrying thousands of amps when operating at a temperature of below -140[sup o]C. (UK)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separate abstracts were prepared for 20 papers in this conference report and includes all papers in the ''engineering'' section (program E). Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), moorings, cables, corrosion protection, corrosion testing, coatings, offshore platforms, pipelines, OTEC models and pilot plants, and energy transfer are topics discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

These documents defines the interconnection France-England rules for the 2000 MW DC submarine cable directly linking the transmission networks of England and Wales and France. Rights to use Interconnector capacity from 1 April 2001 are to be offered through competitive tenders and auctions, full details of which are set out in the Rules. The contract and a guide to the application form are provided. (A.L.B.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By way of introduction, the author describes the electrical equipment of the power station on the River Traun and then lists the main features of the electrical systems such as generators, transformers, the power transmission systems as, e.g., the generator leads, the 8 kV switch plant, the 110 kV oil-filled cable as well as the station-service, control, protection and monitoring systems. The control of the headwater level and of the mechanical systems of the barrage is described in detail.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The design of a 345-kV prefabricated capacitive-graded joint for oil-filled cables and the manufacture and testing of prototype joints are described. Tests on prototype No. 4 demonstrated the adequacy of the printed circuit design. It was not possible to consistently obtain high-quality capacitive sheets and substantial effort is required to remedy this problem. Advantages of these prefabricated joints are summarized, and specific recommendations are made for further development of the concept.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In cold countries, the design of transmission lines and communication networks requires the knowledge of ice loads on conductors. Atmospheric icing is a stochastic phenomenon and therefore probabilistic design is used more and more for structure icing analysis. For strength and reliability assessments, a data base on atmospheric icing is needed to characterize the distributions of ice load and corresponding meteorological parameters. A test site where icing is frequent is used to obtain field data on atmospheric icing. This test site is located on the Mt. Valin, near Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada. The experimental installation is mainly composed of various instrumented but non-energized test cables, meteorological instruments, a data acquisition system, and a video recorder. Several types of icing events can produce large ice accretions dangerous for land-based structures. They are rime due to in-cloud icing, glaze caused by freezing rain, wet snow, and mixtures of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Scour around offshore structures is well known. It is caused by the strong eddy formation at the base of the structures protruding from the sea bottom. The strong vortices result in an amplified effective shear stress working on the sea bottom surface adjacent to the structure. When the surrounding sea bottom is lowered the scour protection will end up being a cap on a small hill and when the slopes are getting too steep the scour protection will roll or slide down the sides. It will loose its cohesion and therefore its integrity. This will take place irrespective of the type of scour protection material and the type of scour protection. This report describes scour protections, which can deal with this particular problem. Such a scour protection must be able to sustain the following loads: Be able to follow the lowering of the seabed on its way down; Be resistant to edge scour (scour around the perimeter of the scour protection). The installation of scour protection is not ...

CERN Document Server

Agreement to invite Project Associates

CERN Document Server

Agreement to invite Project Associates

CERN Document Server

Agreement to invite Project Associates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A series of line fault tests have been conducted at completion of Stage I of the Hokkaido-Honshu HVDC Link of Electric Power Development Co., Ltd., prior to its commercial operation, in order to study transient overvoltages and overcurrents and to confirm safety operation of system protecting devices in case of DC transmission line faults. The Hokkaido-Honshu HVDC Link is a metallic return HVDC overhead line and cable transmission system, currently being a monopolar system. For this, measurements were conducted this time on reverse polarity overvoltages occurring on main line cable, return line overvoltages, fault arc dynamic characteristics, and DC bypass current through the AC system. The results obtained were then compared with the analysis results by the HVDC surge similator or digital simulation conducted for system design prior to the field tests. As a result, a close accordance was found between them, in confirmation of the effectiveness ...

Science.gov (United States)

The Wind Energy Research Division of Sandia National Laboratories has been funded by the Wind/Ocean Technology Division of the Department of Energy (DOE) to design and build a 34-meter diameter Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT). The turbine design incorporates the results of recent VAWT research in aerodynamics and structural dynamics. Initial system concept studies identified several blade options that met the required power rating of 500 kW. The final blade and rotor configurations were chosen based on finite element calculations that determined the turbine modes of response, their frequency of vibration, and stress levels. For parked survival turbine components were designed to with stand the loading of a 150 mph (67.0 m/s) wind coupled with maximum cable tensions. Specific areas of design discussed include the rotor, cables, bearings, brakes, and foundations. Construction of the turbine is in progress at this time and anticipated completion ...

CERN Document Server

The main LHC superconducting magnets (dipoles and quadrupoles) use Rutherford type cables, stabilized electrically and thermally with copper profiles. The portions of cables are connected to each other by a soft soldering technique (Sn96Ag4) with an overlapping length corresponding to one pitch of the superconducting strands. The splice constitutes a "composite" structure with the interchanging layers of Sn96Ag4 and NbTi superconductor, located inside a Cu cage. In order to ensure a high level of reliability (failure probability not exceeding 10-8) for some 10000 connections in the LHC, a non-destructive technique to check the quantity of solder in the joint is foreseen. The technique is based on a gamma ray source (241Am) and the detection is position-sensitive in the transmission mode. Scintillating detectors of gamma rays are used and their accumulated length corresponds to the length of the radioactive source (120 mm). The method can be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Zaafarana oilfield development, operated by Zaafarana Oil Co. (Zafco) presented a series of unique challenges, including redeployment of an internal-turret mooring system, use of a turret-based electrical-cable jumper system, and permanent use of cable-deployed electric submersible pumps in the gravel-pack well completions. Following a detailed three-dimensional (3D) seismic program, the field was discovered by the first well in December 1990. Four subsequent appraisal wells were drilled. The discovery well and two of the appraisal wells tested oil at rates ranging from 2,000 to 10,100 B/D. Initial development plans called for the use of two conventional platforms with a pipeline to a shore-based treatment and storage terminal. Data acquired from subsequent wells were incorporated into the mapping and reserve estimates resulting in a sharp downgrade of the estimated recoverable reserves. The reduced estimate, combined with a revised pricing ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radiation-and-thermal-combined degradation of ethylene-propylene rubber (EP rubber) and chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM) as cable insulating and jacketing materials were evaluated by accelerated aging tests and a method to assess the lifetime of these materials under practical application was studied. EP rubber and CSM of experimental formulation were degraded at accelerated rates, that are 50 [approx] 1000 times the degradation rate under a standard condition (1Gy/h, 50degC). The degradation was investigated by measuring the tensile properties. In the accelerated aging tests, rates of elongation decrease owing to degradation for both EP rubber and CSM were in proportion to increase in accelerated rate. Behaviors of elongation changes showed little difference with accelerated rate. EP rubber lifetime estimated from sequential aging test had a tendency to extend beyond that from simultaneous aging test, while CSM lifetime estimated from both aging tests were ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The effects of various antioxidants and antioxidant concentrations on the radiation and thermal stability of EPDM and XLPE polymers used for insulation of electric cable in nuclear power plants were measured. The objective was to determine if particular antioxidants could be identified as being especially effective for stabilization against radiation aging and combined thermal and radiation aging. Elongation to rupture was used as the measure of stability. Materials were irradiated to doses up to 2 MGy (200 Mrad) at a dose rate of 200 to 300 Gy/h in the Cobalt-60 Gamma Irradiation Facility at the University of Virginia. All of the antioxidants tested, which were known to provide excellent thermal stability, also provided good stability for radiation aging and combined thermal/radiation aging, although small differences between antioxidants were noted. No antioxidant or antioxidant combination was identified as being especially outstanding. Stabilization against ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aerial lines or cables, as one mainly energy transport path of electronic system when illuminated by HEMP, has been often modeled by field-to-transmission line model. However, in many cases, authors too often encounter some confusing statements to the lines effects during experimental procedure. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss these cases, such as the electromagnetic environment above the ground plane, the contribution of the different electromagnetic field component to the induced current and voltage, variations of the load current for different line heights and ground conductivities etc. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The production of many important commercial materials involves the evolution of a complex fluid through a cooling phase into a hardened product. Textile fibers, high-strength fibers(KEVLAR, VECTRAN), plastics, chopped-fiber compounds, and fiber optical cable are such materials. Industry desires to replace experiments with on-line, real time models of these processes. Solutions to the problems are not just a matter of technology transfer, but require a fundamental description and simulation of the processes. Goals of the project are to develop models that can be used to optimize macroscopic properties of the solid product, to identify sources of undesirable defects, and to seek boundary-temperature and flow-and-material controls to optimize desired properties.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of a FAAT analysis is to estimate the probability of system upset to an electromagnetic threat, for systems on which we have incomplete information. As an example of this process, we will discuss the response of part of a telephone repeater system to wideband transients. We first estimate the currents induced on above-ground and buried cables. After that, we describe the simple circuit we used to build a model of the amplifier and protective devices. Finally, we describe the scaling of the energy deposited in the electronics, including its nonlinear large-signal response, with the amplitude of the wideband waveforms.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The HVDC link across the English Channel, which was brought into service in 1986, has several innovative features. Techniques used in its construction together with recent developments have consolidated the viability of HVDC links for a variety of applications. Outlines the main features of the scheme, including the benefits of interconnecting the British and French 400 kV AC power systems; integration of the UK converter system to the 400 kV AC grid; the DC submarine cables; convertor equipment (particularly the UK installation); and future HVDC developments. 6 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Long duration investigations on XLPE-insulated, medium-voltage cable have been intensively carried out by producers, institutes and users for decades. These tests have concentrated on cable ageing especially under the influence of water. About six years ago, a standard test procedure was developed based on comprehensive know-how. This test procedure is now included in DIN VDE 0276-620. In the following text, experience gained during testing and while performing tests in numerous laboratories is reported, and a summary of the test results is given. (orig.) [Deutsch] Langzeituntersuchungen an VPE-isolierten Mittelspannungskabeln, die sich mit der Alterung der Kabel, besonders unter dem Einfluss von Wasser beschaeftigen, wurden seit Jahrzehnten durch Hersteller, Institute und Anwender intensiv betrieben. Basierend auf diesem sehr umfangreichen Know-how wurde vor rd. sechs Jahren ein standardisiertes Pruefverfahren entwickelt, das heute Bestandteil ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sunbed use is associated with increased risk of melanoma. Younger people might be more susceptible to the carcinogenic effects of ultraviolet radiation. We investigated the association between...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Genome-wide association studies are designed to discover SNPs that are associated with a complex trait. Employing strict significance thresholds when testing individual SNPs avoids false positives at...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The receptor-associated protein (RAP) is a molecular chaperone that binds tightly to certain newly synthesized LDL receptor family members in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and facilitates their delivery...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Frogs are characterized by a unique morphology associated with their saltatory lifestyle. Although variation in the form and function of the pelvic girdle and associated appendicular system related...Full Text Available

Medline Plus

... an endocrinologist here and am part of the Diabetes and Endocrinology Associates here at Shawnee Mission Medical ... also an endocrinologist and a member of the Diabetes and Endocrinology Associates here at Shawnee Mission Medical ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The supernatural fears associated with the experience of isolated sleep paralysis in the culture of developing countries is sometimes associated with the evolution of somatic symptoms of psychological...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms and their association with clinical and functional characteristics in elderly outpatients.METHODS: The study involved 3238 outpatients...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The flow of current inside a conductor leads to its overheating. This conductor is also submitted to other climatic phenomena, such as wind, sun light and ambient temperature. The knowledge of this overheating is important to ensure a functioning temperature compatible with the materials used for the conductor manufacturing and with the dip of overhead power lines above the ground and buildings. On the other hand, according to the Laplace works, the flow of current inside parallel conductors induces electromagnetic forces inside them, proportional to the product of currents in both conductors. In the case of short-circuit between aerial power lines or between flexible cables, electrodynamical stresses (traction and flexion) are applied to insulators and holders and important swinging of the lines can be observed. These stresses can be extremely important and must be considered in the design of overhead lines. These two phenomena are analyzed in this chapter. (J.S.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In both office and home environments, Ethernet represents the dominant networking technology in use. Ethernet is low cost and the networks are fairly understood by users. The author began by explaining the physical and data link layers of Ethernet, then touched on fibre-optic cables. The industrial protocols were discussed, followed by Ethernet network topology. The environmental robustness of Ethernet networks was reviewed, with a word of caution from the author, advising to properly evaluate whether Ethernet represents a mission-critical component of the substation, as substation control houses are not environmentally controlled spaces, often minimally heated and no cooling. Engineering access to station Integrated Electric Drives (IEDs). By properly connecting Ethernet networks, it is possible to access relays in the substations from desktop engineering workstations in the central office. Network security issues must be addressed to prevent unauthorized access ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A dielectric-wall linear accelerator is improved by a high-voltage, fast rise-time switch that includes a pair of electrodes between which are laminated alternating layers of isolated conductors and insulators. A high voltage is placed between the electrodes sufficient to stress the voltage breakdown of the insulator on command. A light trigger, such as a laser, is focused along at least one line along the edge surface of the laminated alternating layers of isolated conductors and insulators extending between the electrodes. The laser is energized to initiate a surface breakdown by a fluence of photons, thus causing the electrical switch to close very promptly. Such insulators and lasers are incorporated in a dielectric wall linear accelerator with Blumlein modules, and phasing is controlled by adjusting the length of fiber optic cables that carry the laser light to the insulator surface. 12 figs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Concrete is the primary material for building envelopes in some parts of the world, and its ability to store heat as well as its dynamic temperature changes will not only affect the deterioration rate of the exterior wall but will also greatly influence the energy efficiency of interior air conditioning. There are many methods for measuring the inner temperature of concrete, but they often have limitations, such as indirect estimation, cable installation requirements, high cost, or heterogeneity of the sample structure. In order to measure the internal temperature of concrete, this study integrated a Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC) with a temperature sensor chip and embedded the device in concrete structures. A Smart Temperature Information Material (STIM) was thus developed. Thi...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The flexible, insulated, single strand cables are electrically connected with a cylindrical polar tip (PN) by means of cylindrical and conical shafts for the polar tips, which enter the faces of the divided, multiwire strand, clamped by tension half couplings. The flat ends of the polar tips being joined are positioned in two concentric mandrel bushings, an internal fixed one and an external, axially movable bushing (PV). The internal bushing is rigidly attached to the end of the left polar tip and equipped with three or four rounded, radial openings, whose diameter is determined by the external diameter of the locking device hinges (ShF) of the connecting couplings. The right polar tip is equipped with an annular channel of trapezoidal section into which the locking device hinges enter. The external movable bushing on the right side has a conical turning and on the left, a cylindrical into which the cylindrical spring which holds the movable bushing in the extreme ...

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:21331648

Science.gov (United States)

Volume IV is devoted to examining the medical and associated organizational measures used to

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

PMID:21684613

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... 1343-3563 v. 57(1) SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED

Science.gov (United States)

Dyslipidemia

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aging degradation is a phenomenon we all experience throughout life, both on a personal basis and in business. Many industries have been successful in postponing the inevitable impact on their related systems and components through programs to maintain long-term reliability, maintainability and safety. However, this has not always been the case for nuclear power. While all power plants are experiencing the world trend of increasing operating costs with age, few (if any) have been able to fully define the parameters that solve the aging equation, particularly in relation to major components. Inspection and preventive maintenance have not been effective in predicting life-limiting degradation and failure. In CANDU nuclear plants, utilities are taking a comprehensive approach in dealing with the aging problem. Programs have been established to identify the current condition and degradation mechanisms of critical components, the failure of which would impact negatively on station ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A relationship between partial derivatives of the associated Legendre function of the first kind with respect to its degree, Formula Not Shown , and to its order, Formula Not Shown , is established for Formula Not Shown . This relationship is used to deduce four new closed-form representations of Formula Not Shown from those found recently for Formula Not Shown by the author [R. Szmytkowski, On the derivative of the associated Legendre function of the first kind of integer degree with respect to its order (with applications to the construction of the associated Legendre function of the second kind of integer degree and order), J. Math. Chem. 46 (2009) 231]. Several new expressions for the associated Legendre function of the second kind of integer degree and order, Formula Not Shown , suita...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The structural phosphoprotein NS of vesicular stomatitis virus, in association with the virion-associated RNA polymerase L protein, transcribes the genome ribonucleoprotein template in vitro. It contains...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... and sperm showed an association with the oviduct epithelial tissue. Estimate of sperm storage duration At ASDP in ... Sperm heads show no particular association with the epithelial tissue. enlarge fig...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this study was to assess changes in dairy herd milk production and milk composition associated with changes in Salmonella contamination of bulk milk on dairy farms in southwestern Ontario....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a common causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC). C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) ranges...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are highly prevalent in older men. Medical therapy is the first-line treatment for LUTS associated with BPH. Mainstays...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with mental illness in Oyo State at community level using the general health questionnaire...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Prenatal diagnosis of junctional epidermolysis bullosa associated with pyloric atresia was carried out in a couple at risk. Their two previous children had died during the first months of life of the...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AimsTo describe nurse burnout, job dissatisfaction, and quality of care in Japanese hospitals, and to determine how these outcomes are associated with work environment...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with impaired physical activity. However, it is unclear whether the associations of physical activity with mortality are modified...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background:An association has been reported between the dominant nostril through which we breathe and the cerebral hemisphere found to be active.Aims:To...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) has been implicated in inhibition of nerve regeneration in the CNS. This results from interactions between MAG and the Nogo receptor and gangliosides on...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This study sought to assess the association between traditional masculine gender role ideologies and sexual risk and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration behaviors in young men's heterosexual...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe TNF/LTA locus has been a long-standing T2D candidate gene. Several studies have examined association of TNF/LTA...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Disruption of circadian rhythms may be involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, including drug addiction. Recently, we detected the significant association between prokineticin 2 receptor...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease, known to be associated with the gradual loss of memory, is characterized by low concentration of acetylcholine in the hippocampus and cortex part of...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

An association of Hirschsprung disease with polydactyly, unilateral renal agenesis, hypertelorism, and congenital deafness is described in sibs (brother and sister) of consanguineous parents. It is...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI) is a Lyme disease-like infection described in patients in the southeastern and south-central United States, where classic Lyme disease is relatively rare....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

TSH receptor (TSHR) plays a central role in regulating thyroid function and is targeted by IgGs in Graves’ disease (GD-IgG). Whether TSHR is involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid associated...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) take a major human toll on society and reduce public confidence in the healthcare system. The current convergence of scientific, public, and legislative...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of associative interactions of monomers and propagating macroradicals in homopolymerization of N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide salts and their copolymerization with acrylonitrile and acrylamide in aqueous solution was studied.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The risk of lung cancer associated with diesel exhaust has been calculated from 14 case-control or cohort studies. We evaluated the findings from these studies to determine whether there is sufficient...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A simulation is developed that qualitatively describes the small-zone-gel-filtration behaviour of a reversibly associating protein. The results reflect the dependence of the apparent molecular weight...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have cloned and characterized the entire DNA polymerase gene and flanking regions from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and two closely related macaque homologs of KSHV, retroperitoneal...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss and the concentration of host-derived bone resorptive factors (interleukin-1 beta, tumor...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The objective of this retrospective field study was to associate the type and smell of discharge, the size of the uterus, the ovarian and treatment status, and the time to diagnosis of animals with...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

IntroductionThe goal of this study was to identify serum markers that are modulated by treatment with golimumab with or without methotrexate (MTX) and are associated with clinical...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

IntroductionTransfusion is a common treatment in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Studies in adults suggest that prolonged storage of red blood cell units is associated with...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectivesTo assess whether bacterial vaginosis or chlamydial infection before 10 weeks' gestation is associated with miscarriage before 16 weeks.DesignProspective...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Teleost gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) consists of leucocyte populations located both intraepithelially and in the lamina propria with no structural organization. The present study aims to assess...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Studies of the associations between air pollution and hospital admissions and emergency room use are reviewed, including studies of air pollution episodes, time-series analyses, and cross-sectional...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVESTo examine the association between α-blocker use and sexual dysfunction among men participating in a population-based cohort of...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... 1343-3563 v. 57(1) SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED

Science.gov (United States)

... the Redwood Creek basin in north coastal California, timber harvest and associated streamside landsliding altered the composition ... ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(1974). United States Ramsett, LO Wisconsin Public Service Corp., Green

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Surveys for interior wetland birds at mine-associated emergent wetlands on coal surface mines in southern Illinois detected one state threatened and two state endangered species. Breeding by least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis) and common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) was confirmed. Regional assessment of potential wetland bird habitat south of Illinois Interstate 64 identified a total of 8,109 ha of emergent stable water wetlands; 10% were associated with mining. Mine-associated wetlands with persistent hydrology and large expanses of emergent vegetation provide habitat that could potentially compensate for loss of natural wetlands in Illinois.

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:21910487

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marginal fractures of the tibial plateau are associated with a high incidence of soft tissue injuries to the stabilising structures of the knee joint. Injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament are associated with the Segond fracture and impingement fractures of the posteromedial tibial plateau. Recognition of these fractures aids diagnosis of these injuries. Marginal fractures of the tibial plateau associated with posterior cruciate ligament injuries are less common, though recently a ''reverse'' Segond fracture has been recognised. We describe a fracture of the anteromedial tibial plateau associated with complete disruption of the posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral complex. (orig.)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), containing the developmental neurotoxicant, nicotine, is a prevalent component of indoor air pollution. Despite a strong association with active maternal smoking and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), information on the risk of SIDS due to prenatal and postnatal ETS exposure is relatively inconsistent. This literature review begins with a discussion and critique of existing epidemiologic data pertaining to ETS and SIDS. It then explores the biologic plausibility of this association, with comparison of the known association between active maternal smoking and SIDS, by examining metabolic and placental transfer issues associated with nicotine, and the biologic responses and mechanisms that may follow exposure to nicotine. Evidence indicates that prenatal ...

Science.gov (United States)

One of the major problems associated with solid waste processing technologies is the release of

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: 2004-Apr

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Early effects of 100 Kilorads of X-rays on muscle cell membrane properties have been measured in sartorius muscles from Leptodactylus ocellatus. Threshold strength for rectangular current pulses increased 10% after irradiation, and action potential propagation velocity decreased 10%. Passive membrane parameters were calculated from potential responses to sub-threshold current pulses, assuming conventional cable theory. Specific membrane conductance increased to 18% after irradiation, membrane capacitance increased 14%, and length constant decreased 10% but membrane time constant was unchanged. Cell diameter decreased 5%, and resting membrane potential decreased 8%. Membrane parameters during an action potential were also evaluated by the phase-plane and current-voltage plot techniques. Irradiation significantly decreased the action potential amplitude, the excitation potential, and the maximum rates of rise and fall of membrane potential. Increases were observed in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A hose lining process, used widely for underground service structures, such as for city gas, and water and sewerage pipes, was adopted to repair interiors of underground wire raceways, and improvements were made for power cable pipe use, including long size construction, inner diameter assurance, and flame retardation. The sealing hose as a lining material consists of a fabric layer woven by warps of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and wefts of combined PBT fibers and glassfibers, the fabric being coated with polyurethane resin on one side. The other side of the fabric is coated with heat hardening resin made of epoxy resin as the main ingredient and aromatic amine as the hardening agent to assure close adhesion of the sealing hose onto the pipe interior. Mimic raceways were used to verify the lining material for its abrasion coefficient, mechanical strength, wear resistance, water cut-off performance, chemical resistance, and shape retention performance against ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A portable barrier strip having retractable tire-puncture spikes for puncturing a vehicle tire. The tire-puncture spikes have an armed position for puncturing a tire and a retracted position for not puncturing a tire. The strip comprises a plurality of barrier blocks having the tire-puncture spikes removably disposed in a shaft that is rotatably disposed in each barrier block. The plurality of barrier blocks hare hingedly interconnected by complementary hinges integrally formed into the side of each barrier block which allow the strip to be rolled for easy storage and retrieval, but which prevent irregular or back bending of the strip. The shafts of adjacent barrier blocks are pivotally interconnected via a double hinged universal joint to accommodate irregularities in a roadway surface and to transmit torsional motion of the shaft from block to block. A single flexshaft cable is connected to the shaft of an end block to allow a user to selectively cause the shafts ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

On February 20th 1998 Auckland, the biggest city of New Zealand, was nearly paralyzed by an extended power failure. On this day the last of four cables supplying the central business district failed and caused a five weeks lasting blackout. This failure has caused costs of 128.3 Mio NZ Dollar for the affected utility Mercury Energy Ltd. The official ministerial inquiry was published on July 21st 1998 and reproaches the utility in an unusual clear manner. (orig.) [Deutsch] Am 20. Februar 1998 wurde Auckland, die groesste Stadt Neuseelands, von einer folgenschweren Unterbrechung der Stromversorgung nahezu lahmgelegt. An diesem Tag fiel das letzte von vier 110-kV-Kabeln zur Versorgung des Innenstadtbereiches aus und verursachte damit einen 5 Wochen dauernden Stromausfall. Diese Versorgungsunterbrechung hat bisher Kosten in Hoehe von 128,3 Mio NZ Dollar (rd. 115,5 Mio DM) fuer den oertlichen Stromversorger Mercury Energy Limited verursacht. Der am 21. Juli 1998 ...

Science.gov (United States)

Newly commercialized Fourier transform Raman spectroscopic instrumentation provides a simpler alternative for vibrational spectroscopic analysis. Instrument vendors currently design for laboratory use, but there are many potential process applications of these stable, easy to use instruments. Raman spectroscopy is highly suited to analysis of aqueous samples. Near infrared excitation minimized fluorescence interference and allows for remote operation via fiber optic probes. The Department of Energy has funded research at the Measurement and Control Center to establish the utility of this method for on-line composition analysis in distillation columns. Laboratory evaluation and instrument employs an air-cooled laser and a thermoelectrically cooled detector. The device is mounted on a three by foot cart for convenient location in control rooms. Current fiber optic extension cables allow for analysis in a cell thirty five meters from the instrument. Application of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In Japan, lead has been widely used for gasoline additives, inorganic chemicals such as pigment, lead pipes/plates, and coating materials of cable. Because of the steady increase in car population and the mounting of environmental concern, lead consumption ratio for lead-acid batteries is tending to increase gradually up to 70% with decreasing the consumption for gasoline additives. This paper describes the recycling of lead-acid batteries in Japan. Since the latter half of FY 1994, the battery manufacturing industry started the new lead recycling system. The recycling ratio of the used lead-acid batteries became 90% in 1996 from 84% in 1994. In near future, it can reach to 95%, the recycling ratio in some European countries. The primary smelting occupies 53%, and the secondary smelting occupies 47%. For the conventional method by secondary smelting makers, reduction smelting and copper removing of lead electrodes are conducted, and lead is recycled as tertiary ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

LOCA (Loss of coolant accident) resistant heat-shrinkable polymeric products are widely used for the connection of LV cables for class 1E systems inside the containment area of nuclear power plants. The paper/presentation describes the verification of a reformulated compound for these products, where certain components of the compound formulation had to be substituted. A qualification programme with this so-called reformulated compound was undertaken to proof the equivalency of the products to the products made out of the original compound. The basic elements of this requalification project were material qualification tests including accelerated aging tests according to the arrhenius method and type tests in accordance to IEEE 383, including flammability tests. The test results showed that the products made out of the reformulated compound were similar in fit, form and function to the original products. Additional tests have also proven higher application ranges ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alanine/EPR Dosimetry system is classified as a reference-standard dosimeter which used to calibrate radiation environments and to calibrate routine dosimeters in absorbed dose range of 1 to 105 Gy. Characteristics of Alanine/EPR dosimetry system are better suitable than routinely used personnel dosimeters for the long term radiation measurement in harsh condition of Nuclear power plant : This system is not significantly affected by temperature and humidity and also has low fading rate. About 1 year ago, Alanine and Lithium compound dosimeters were installed at Wolsung unit 1 for the environment monitoring as a part of equipment qualification program. 35 positions which are most severe and representative cable positions were chosen for radiation and temperature monitoring. The recovered alanine dosimeter in the period of maintenance was measured by E-scan alanine analyzer system, Meanwhile measurement result shows extremely high radiation level in few points of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The DYMAC Communications System is part of a nuclear safeguards system called DYMAC - short for DYnamic Materials ACcountability - that gathers accountability information at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL) Plutonium Processing Facility. The communications system handles transmissions between data-entry terminals and nondestructive assay (NDA) instruments located in the facility, and a computer located in an adjacent building. System design emphasizes reliability rather than high speed to ensure the integrity of data transmissions. This manual is directed toward the person responsible for maintaining the DYMAC Communication System. It describes the components that make up the communications network, explains how they operate, and gives detailed information about all of the connections. Many of the system components are commercially available; some have been modified at LASL for DYMAC purposes; others were designed and fabricated at LASL. This manual provides circuit diagrams ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Recent GWAS studies focused on uncovering novel genetic loci related to AD have revealed associations with variants near CLU, CR1, PICALM and BIN1....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Case-parent trios were used in a genome wide association study of cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CL/P). SNPs near two genes not previously associated with CL/P [MAFB:...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Charles Darwin's evolutionary theories of animal communication were deeply embedded in a centuries-old model of association psychology, whose prodromes have most often been traced to the writings of Aristotle. His notions of frequency of occurrence of pairings have been passed down through the centuries and were a major ontological feature in the formation of associative connectivity. He focused on the associations of cause and effect, contiguity of sequential occurrence, and similarity among items. Cause and effect were often reduced to another type of contiguity relation, so that Aristotle is most often evoked as the originator of the associative bondings through similarity and contiguity, contiguity being the most powerful and frequent means of association. Contiguity eventually became ...

CERN Document Server

In recent years, discovery of association rules among itemsets in a large database has been described as an important database-mining problem. The problem of discovering association rules has received considerable research attention and several algorithms for mining frequent itemsets have been developed. Many algorithms have been proposed to discover rules at single concept level. However, mining association rules at multiple concept levels may lead to the discovery of more specific and concrete knowledge from data. The discovery of multiple level association rules is very much useful in many applications. In most of the studies for multiple level association rule mining, the database is scanned repeatedly which affects the efficiency of mining process. In this research paper, a new method for discovering multilevel association rules is proposed. It is based on ...

CERN Document Server

Association rule mining aims to explore large transaction databases for association rules. Classical Association Rule Mining (ARM) model assumes that all items have the same significance without taking their weight into account. It also ignores the difference between the transactions and importance of each and every itemsets. But, the Weighted Association Rule Mining (WARM) does not work on databases with only binary attributes. It makes use of the importance of each itemset and transaction. WARM requires each item to be given weight to reflect their importance to the user. The weights may correspond to special promotions on some products, or the profitability of different items. This research work first focused on a weight assignment based on a directed graph where nodes denote items and links represent association rules. A generalized version of HITS is applied to the graph to ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundOxidative stress has been proposed as a mechanism linking the poor placental perfusion characteristic of preeclampsia with the clinical manifestations of...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundIncrease in the incidence of hyperuricemia associated with gout as well as hypertension, renal diseases and cardiovascular diseases has been a public health concern. We...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Values of absorption maxima, X.nax, and associated molar extinction coefficients, c, as well as values of the n-octanol/water partition coefficient( ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Local anesthetics are frequently administered in dentistry and thus can be expected to be a major source of drug-related complications in the dental office. Additionally, the dentist will more often...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author attempts to clear up the causal 'paradox' often associated with the existence of tacyons. This leads to a discussion of the nature of tachyon messages and the problems involved in their interpretation. (W.D.L.).

Science.gov (United States)

... and facilities; the physical processing of materials into products; and processes associated with ... area of bulk silicon prod! uction as wafer material has been omitted, in keeping with current ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundWith the exception of vertebrates, most organisms have plasma membrane associated ammonium transporters which primarily serve to import a source of nitrogen for nutritional...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Mycosis fungoides (MF) in deep-seated lymph nodes, spleen or liver appears to be associated with a lack of response of the disease to topical external therapy. Fourteen patients with mycosis fungoides...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A questionnaire on the development of specialist clinics was distributed to the members of the Association of British Neurologists and completed by 104 members (85 consultants). Half of the respondents...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

INTRODUCTIONSexual dysfunction symptoms in patients with HIV have not been fully investigated in Brazil.OBJECTIVESTo investigate the association...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Recurrence of microbial keratitis in the presence of protozoal infection is very rare and infrequently reported unless predisposing factors are present. The association of recurrent microbial keratitis...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundWhether psychological resilience correlates with neurocognitive performance is largely unknown. Therefore, we assessed association between neurocognitive...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Age-associated changes within an individual are inherently complex and occur at multiple levels of organismal function. The overall decline in function of various tissues is known to play a...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundSeveral studies have suggested an association between periodontal disease and prematurity but this finding has not been consistently observed.MethodsCase...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BACKGROUNDThe reproductive health of children born of infertile couples may be affected by infertility treatment or factors associated with infertility. We examined sexual maturation...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

developing a consensus PRA standard for non- associated guidance light water reactor applications that will address some aspects of PRA in design. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The polyene antibiotic Amphotericin B (AMB) is one of the first therapeutic agents to be marketed commercially as nanosized formulations in which the drug is associated with lipids as liposomes or complexes....Full Text Available

Wastenet

positive primary PymT breast cancer cells in primary co-cultured tumor tissue, suggesting target specificity of

Wastenet

...Systems, UWA investigating rate uplift effects of shallow foundation systems associated with high voltage transmission line support towers. This work was funded by National Grid, ...