bandgap shrinkage effective: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

Wide bandgap collector III-V double heterojunction bipolar transistors

Full Text Available

2011-08-01

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Studies of optical properties and applications of some mixed ternary semiconductors

This thesis is devoted to the study and development of Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (HBTs) designed for high voltage operation. The work concentrates on the use of wide bandgap III-V semiconductor materials as the collector material and their associated properties influencing breakdown, such as impact ionisation coefficients. The work deals with issues related to incorporating a wide bandgap collector into double heterojunction structures such as conduction band discontinuities at the base-collector junction and results are presented which detail, a number of methods designed to eliminate the effects of such discontinuities. In particular the use of AlGaAs as the base material has been successful in eliminating the conduction band spike at this interface. A method of electrically injecting electrons into the collector has been employed to investigate impact ionisation in GaAs, GaInP and AlInP which has used the ...

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Effect of Li-Al co-doping on the energy gaps of MgB2

Refractive indices of some mixed compound semiconductors below the bandgap are presented on the basis of some fundamental parameters and the effect of lattice mismatch on the refractive index step is also studied. The results help to design a variety of opto-electronic devices for the use in optical fiber communication and heterostructure lasers. The calculated values agree well with available experimental values thus justifying the approach. (author).

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Manufacturing Processes for Various Shaped Consumable ...

We studied the effects of co-doping with Li and Al on the energy gaps of MgB2 by performing point-contact Andreev-reflection spectroscopy (PCAR) in polycrystalline Mg1-x(Al?Li1-?)xB2 samples with x?0.4. Even though the lattice parameters and the critical temperature of the compound simply scale with the effective Al content ?x, irrespective of the Li concentration, the energy gaps do not. In particular, for a given effective Al content, the comparison with Mg1-y(Al)yB2 with y = ?x shows that the ? bandgap is practically the same while the ? bandgap is higher. A clear gap merging is observed in the most doped sample (x = 0.4) when Tc<20 K. The results are discussed within the two-band Eliashberg theory and compared to the outcomes of first-principles calculations of the effects of Li and Al co-doping on the electronic structure of magnesium diboride.

2009-02-01

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Negative effective mass below a cut-off frequency

... Descriptors : *COMBUSTIBLE CARTRIDGE CASES, MANUFACTURING, RESIDUES, SLEEVES, NITROCELLULOSE, SHRINKAGE, ACRYLIC ...

1982-10-01

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The Dissipative Merger Progenitors of Elliptical Galaxies

Acoustic metamaterials with negative effective mass below a cut-off frequency are studied. An equivalent mass-spring structure is firstly proposed for such metamaterials, the effective mass is found to follow the Drude model: being negative below a specific frequency. The peculiar behavior is then verified by transmission experiments operating in the low-frequency regime. Inspired by the mass-spring model, we investigate the two-dimensional elastic waveguide with clamped boundaries and attribute the bandgap occurring below a critical frequency to negative effective mass density. The finding helps us to design a new acoustic Drude metamaterial, which enables shearing and bending deformations, in contrast to the membrane-type ones. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed metamaterial exhibits negative effective mass below 1200 Hz, thus opening broadband ...

2010-01-01

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Image-based modeling of tumor shrinkage in head and neck radiation therapy1

We address the deviations of the scaling relations of elliptical galaxies from the expectations based on the virial theorem and homology, including the "tilt" of the "fundamental plane" and the steep decline of density with mass. We show that such tilts result from dissipative major mergers once the gas fraction available for dissipation declines with progenitor mass, and derive the scaling properties of the progenitors. We use hydrodynamical simulations to quantify the effects of major mergers with different gas fractions on the structural properties of galaxies. The tilts are driven by the differential shrinkage of the effective stellar radius as a function of dissipation in the merger, while the correlated smaller enhancements in internal velocity and stellar mass keep the slope of the velocity-stellar mass relation near V \\pr M_*^{1/4}. The progenitors match a straightforward model of disc formation in LCDM haloes. ...

2006-01-01

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Hardness, density, and shrinkage characteristics of silk-oak from ...

Purpose: Understanding the kinetics of tumor growth∕shrinkage represents a critical step in quantitative assessment of therapeutics and realization of adaptive radiation therapy....Full Text Available

2010-05-01

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Study on the structural evolution of modified phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesive for the high-temperature bonding of graphite

Sep 1, 2011 ... Title: Hardness, density, and shrinkage characteristics of silk-oak from Hawaii. Author: Youngs, R. L.. Date: 1964. Source: Research note FPL ...

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Environmentally conscious sintered glass-ceramics

A novel adhesive for carbon materials composed of phenol-formaldehyde resin, boron carbide and fumed silica, was prepared. The adhesive property of graphite joints bonded by the above adhesive treated at high-temperatures was tested. Results showed that the adhesive was found to have outstanding high-temperature bonding properties for graphite. The adhesive structure was dense and uniform even after the graphite joints were heat-treated at 1500 deg. C. Bonding strength was 17.1 MPa. The evolution of adhesive structure was investigated. The results indicated that the addition of the secondary additive, fumed silica, improved the bonding performance greatly. Borosilicate phase with better stability was formed during the heat-treatment process, and the volume shrinkage was restrained effectively, which was responsible for the satisfactory high-temperature bonding performance of graphite.

2006-01-01

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Sintered glass-ceramics have been produced using municipal incinerator solid residues and glass cullet or an inert waste, from feldspars processing, as sintering aids. The capability of three different mixtures, either previously vitrified or not, to be sintered was investigated by means of linear shrinkage, water absorption and bulk density measurements, and by X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy observations. Particular attention has been addressed to the study of particle size effect on the sintering process. The conclusions that can be drawn from the experimental study are that the preliminary vitrification step is essential in order to obtain a dense sintered glass-ceramic product in the 850-1050 C temperature range developing silicate crystalline phases. The optimal powder particle size that confers a good densification degree was found to be < 45 {mu}m. (orig.)

2002-07-01

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FEOL technology trend

Development of a portable thermophotovoltaic power generator

Trends in front-end-of-line technology are discussed. At the chip level, many of the important parameters are published in the National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors in 1994. At the device and circuit level, both bipolar and CMOS are scalable. However, the large standby power of bipolar circuits severely limits the integration level of bipolar chips. The inherently low standby power of CMOS, on the contrary, allows the integration level of CMOS circuits to continue increasing with scaling. In reality, both the electric field and power density of CMOS devices have been gradually rising over the generations owing to non-scaling effects of thermal voltage and silicon bandgap. As power supply voltage reaches 1.5V and below, circuit performance can only be gained at the expense of higher active or standby power of the chip. Implications of device scaling on contact and silicide technology are addressed. Trends of local and global ...

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Effect of gamma radiation on electrical and optical properties of (TeO_2)_0_._9 (In_2O_3)_0_._1 thin films

A 150 Watt thermophotovoltaic (TPV) power generator is being developed. The technical approach taken in the design focused on optimizing the integrated performance of the primary subsystems in order to yield high energy conversion efficiency and cost effectiveness. An important aspect of the approach is the use of a selective emitter radiating to a bandgap matched photovoltaic array to minimize thermal and optical recuperation requirements, as well as the non-recoverable heat losses. For the initial prototype system, fibrous ytterbia emitters radiating in a band centered at 980 nm are matched with high efficiency silicon photoconverters. The integrated system includes a dielectric stack filter for optical energy recovery and a ceramic recuperator for thermal energy recovery. The system has been operated with air preheat temperatures up to 1350K. The design of the system and development status are presented. {copyright} {ital 1997 American ...

1997-03-01

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Experience with pressuriser for PHT pressure control in TAPP 4 reactor

We have studied in detail the gamma radiation induced changes in the electrical properties of the (TeO_2)_0_._9 (In_2O_3)_0 _._1 thin films of different thicknesses, prepared by thermal evaporation in vacuum. The current-voltage characteristics for the as-deposited and exposed thin films were analysed to obtain current versus dose plots at different applied voltages. These plots clearly show that the current increases quite linearly with the radiation dose over a wide range and that the range of doses is higher for the thicker films. Beyond certain dose (a quantity dependent on the film thickness), however, the current has been observed to decrease. In order to understand the dose dependence of the current, we analysed the optical absorption spectra for the as-deposited and exposed thin films to obtain the dose dependences of the optical bandgap and energy width of band tails of the localized states. The increase of the current with the gamma radiation dose may be ...

2011-02-01

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Optical properties of crystalline and non-crystalline iron oxide thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis

In a 540 MWe PHWR reactor at TAPP-4 the pressuriser has been incorporated in the PHT pressure control system to provide the necessary vapour cushion for PHT main circuit to reduce pressure variations due to transients involving swell and shrinkage. Need for the Pressuriser is due to the large inventory in PHT main circuit and relatively large heat source. The incorporation of Pressuriser is one of the modifications while upgrading from prevalent operating 220 MWe reactors to the present 540 MWe at TAPP-4. The sizing, design and selection of the 540 MWe Pressuriser has been done w.r.t swell/shrinkage requirement during normal/transient operation of the reactor. In this paper the commissioning and operating experience of the Pressuriser in conjunction with the PHT pressure control system is presented. During light water commissioning of PHT circuit some major hurdles like failure of pressuriser heaters due to faulty instrumentation were faced. ...

2006-11-13

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Electric-field dependence of electroreflectance and photocurrent spectra at visible wavelengths in MOVPE-grown InAlGaP multiple strained quantum-well structures

Crystalline and non-crystalline iron oxide (#alpha#-Fe_2O_3) thin films were obtained by spray pyrolysis onto glass substrate at different temperatures. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that with increasing the deposition time, the film structure changed from non-crystalline to crystalline at the same substrate temperature. At different substrate temperatures and low deposition times (5 min), iron oxide appears almost in non-crystalline form. With rising the substrate temperature and deposition time, the crystallinity was improved. The effect of substrate temperature as well as deposition time on the optical features (absorption coefficient and bandgap) and optical constants of these films has been investigated. Optical constants of the films were determined from spectrophotometric measurement of reflectance and transmittance. Analysis of the results showed that, for non-crystalline iron oxide films of different thicknesses (76-118 nm) ...

2004-06-30

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Experimental and theoretical studies of coherent and nonthermal processes in semiconductors probed by femtosecond laser techniques

The authors present electric-field dependent electroreflectance and photocurrent spectra of visible-bandgap In{sub x}(Al{sub y}Ga{sub 1{minus}y}){sub 1{minus}x}P/In{sub x{prime}}(Al{sub y{prime}}Ga{sub 1{minus}y{prime}}){sub 1{minus}x{prime}}P multiple-quantum-well (MQW) structures. These structures, grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy on 6{degrees}-misoriented (100) GaAs substrates, have undoped MQWs sandwiched between doped In{sub 0.5}Al{sub 0.5}P layers, forming p-i-n diodes. Quantum-well compositions in the range 0.46{le}x{le}0.52 and 0{le}y{le}0.4, corresponding to bandgaps in the red to yellow-green range, were used. The Stark shifts in these various samples were measured and found to depend on the details of the Mg p-type doping profile, confirming important diffusion effects, in agreement with secondary ion mass spectrometry and capacitance-voltage data. The results show that these new materials are promising ...

1993-12-31

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PDE-based Non-Linear Diffusion Techniques for Denoising Scientific and Industrial Images: An Empirical Study

The coherent interaction of femtosecond laser pulses and a thin CdSe sample is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Observation of coherent phenomena in semiconductors is very rare because the incoherent processes occur in the femtosecond time domain in these materials. One example of such a phenomena is the so called optical Stark effect of exciton where a blue shift of the exciton resonance occurs as a result of pumping below the bandgap. The coherent effects involving band-to-band and also exciton transitions. Using femtosecond transmission measurements clear evidence was observed for coherent interference effects of the light field and the driven material polarization. These interferences manifest themselves as oscillatory structures in the differential transmission spectra. The oscillatory features are explained by comparison with a semiclassical theory. Examples of the computed ...

1987-01-01

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Thermally conductive cementitious grouts for geothermal heat pumps. Progress report FY 1998

Removing noise from data is often the first step in data analysis. Denoising techniques should not only reduce the noise, but do so without blurring or changing the location of the edges. Many approaches have been proposed to accomplish this; in this paper, they focus on one such approach, namely the use of non-linear diffusion operators. This approach has been studied extensively from a theoretical viewpoint ever since the 1987 work of Perona and Malik showed that non-linear filters outperformed the more traditional linear Canny edge detector. They complement this theoretical work by investigating the performance of several isotropic diffusion operators on test images from scientific domains. They explore the effects of various parameters such as the choice of diffusivity function, explicit and implicit methods for the discretization of the PDE, and approaches for the spatial discretization of the non-linear operator etc. They also compare these schemes with ...

2001-12-20

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Electrochemical synthesis of nanostructured porous materials using liquid crystal and colloidal templates and their magnetic and optical properties

Research commenced in FY 97 to determine the suitability of superplasticized cement-sand grouts for backfilling vertical boreholes used with geothermal heat pump (GHP) systems. The overall objectives were to develop, evaluate and demonstrate cementitious grouts that could reduce the required bore length and improve the performance of GHPs. This report summarizes the accomplishments in FY 98. The developed thermally conductive grout consists of cement, water, a particular grade of silica sand, superplasticizer and a small amount of bentonite. While the primary function of the grout is to facilitate heat transfer between the U-loop and surrounding formation, it is also essential that the grout act as an effective borehole sealant. Two types of permeability (hydraulic conductivity) tests was conducted to evaluate the sealing performance of the cement-sand grout. Additional properties of the proposed grout that were investigated include bleeding, ...

1998-11-01

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Reflection-Free One-Way Edge Modes in a Gyromagnetic Photonic Crystal

material, and that these magnetic properties vary systematically with the diameter of the spherical pores within the films. A new oscillation effect has been observed for the coercivity of macroporous Ni sub 8 sub 0 Fe sub 2 sub 0 film with different pore layer thickness. sphere templates, the resulting films show well-formed, regular, two- and three-dimensional macroporous networks consisting of spherical pores arranged in a highly ordered face centred cubic (fee) structure. The spherical voids are interconnected by a series of smaller windows that form an open porous structure embedded in the material framework. The diameter of the spherical pores can be precisely changed over the range from 200 to 1000 nm by changing the diameter of the latex spheres used to form the templates. The resulting macroporous material structures are robust, self-supported, dense, polycrystalline, uniform and free from filling defects and contamination or problems caused by ...

2002-01-01

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Nanocontact heteroepitaxy of thin GaSb and AlGaSb films on Si substrates using ultrahigh-density nanodot seeds.

We point out that electromagnetic one-way edge modes analogous to quantum Hall edge states, originally predicted by Raghu and Haldane in 2D gyroelectric photonic crystals possessing Dirac point-derived bandgaps, can appear in more general settings. In particular, we show that the TM modes in a gyromagnetic photonic crystal can be formally mapped to electronic wavefunctions in a periodic electromagnetic field, so that the only requirement for the existence of one-way edge modes is that the Chern number for all bands below a gap is non-zero. In a square-lattice gyromagnetic Yttrium-Iron-Garnet photonic crystal operating at microwave frequencies, which lacks Dirac points, time-reversal breaking is strong enough that the effect should be easily observable. For realistic material parameters, the edge modes occupy a 10% band gap. Numerical simulations of a one-way waveguide incorporating this crystal show 100% transmission across strong defects, such ...

2007-01-01

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Growth and characterisation of electrodeposited ZnO thin films

A film of GaSb grown epitaxially on a Si substrate is a direct transition semiconductor useful for application as a light source in Si photonics and channel material in next-generation field effect transistors because its energy bandgap is close to the optical fibre communication wavelength and it possesses high carrier mobility. Here, we report a novel method for heteroepitaxial growth of high-quality GaSb/Si films, despite having a lattice mismatch as large as ? 12%, using elastically strain-relaxed GaSb nanodots with ultrahigh density as seed crystals for film growth. The nanodot seed crystals were grown epitaxially by restricted contact with the Si substrate through nanowindows in an ultrathin SiO(2) film on the Si substrate. A light-emitting diode containing GaSb/Si films with a thickness of ? 90 nm fabricated by this method operated at room temperature. The growth method was also used to fabricate AlGaSb films of high quality. Our method ...

2011-05-17

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Electronic structure of passive films formed on molybdenum-containing ferritic stainless steels

The electrochemical method has been used to deposit zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films from aqueous zinc nitrate solution at 80 deg. C onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates. ZnO thin films were grown between - 0.900 and - 1.025 V vs Ag/AgCl as established by voltammogram. Characterisation of ZnO films was carried out for both as-deposited and annealed films in order to study the effect of annealing. Structural analysis of the ZnO films was performed using X-ray diffraction, which showed polycrystalline films of hexagonal phase with (002) preferential orientation. Atomic force microscopy was used to study the surface morphology. Optical studies identified the bandgap to be {approx} 3.20 eV and refractive index to 2.35. The photoelectrochemical cell signal indicated that the films had n-type electrical conductivity and current-voltage measurements showed the glass/FTO/ZnO/Au devices exhibit rectifying properties. The thickness of ...

2008-04-30

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Dependence of Energy Thresholds on Laser Radiation Wavelength in Initiation of Heavy Metal Azides

The effect of molybdenum on the electronic structure of the passive films formed on ferritic (Fe-Cr and Fe-Cr-Mo) stainless steels is examined by capacitance and photoelectrochemical measurements. The capacitance study is supported by a mathematical analysis of the Schottky barrier developed at the semiconductor-electrolyte interface in the case of a semiconductor with multiple bulk electronic states in the bandgap. The numerical simulations, based on the more general Mott-Schottky relation proposed, are in good agreement with the experimental results. It can be concluded that the capacitance behavior of the passive films is related to the contributions of a shallow donor level very close to the conduction band and a deep donor level at about 0.4 eV below the conduction band. The addition of molybdenum decreases the donor density of the deep level. Photoeffects observed for subbandgap photon energies reveal that this deep donor level behaves ...

1996-10-01

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Synthesis and investigation of #pi#-conjugated azomethine self-assembled multilayers by layer-by-layer growth

The behavior of silver and lead azides (scaly and threadlike crystals, and compacted powders) in initiation of explosive decomposition by laser pulsed radiation has been investigated. Initiation energy thresholds in irradiation at wavelengths of 1064 nm, 532 nm, 354.7 nm, 266 nm corresponding to four laser radiation harmonics have been measured. Samples both uncovered and covered with a transparent dielectric (a quartz plate) with the compressive force of up to 0.5GPa were initiated. In the transparent spectral region (the first and second laser harmonics) of the heavy metal azide matrix the effect of covering the sample surface with a plate on initiation energy threshold was insignificant, whereas, in the region of bandgap absorption (the fourth harmonic) strong dependence of the initiation threshold on whether the surface under irradiation is uncovered or covered. The results obtained have been considered with the account of the influence of ...

2010-01-01

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Photocurrent and capacitance investigations into the nature of the passive films on austenitic stainless steels

Layer-by-layer formation for #pi#-conjugated azomethine multilayers bonded on substrates was investigated. The multilayers were synthesized using ethanol (EtOH) and dichloromethane (DCM) as reaction solvents. The multilayer characteristics were analyzed using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, ellipsometric thickness, and atomic force microscopy. The absorption spectra and ellipsometric thicknesses of multilayers formed using EtOH and DCM were compared. The results indicate that EtOH is more suitable than DCM for such layer-by-layer formation. In addition, bandgaps estimated from the absorption edge of multilayers were investigated. The results indicate that the bandgap decreases as the number of benzene rings contained in the molecular chain of the multilayer increases. Also, a multilayer with four benzene rings bonded on a substrate had a bandgap close to that of a polymer with a similar chemical structure.

2010-07-01

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Photocurrent and capacitance investigations into the nature of the passive films on austenitic stainless steels

Photocurrent and capacitance measurements of semiconductor passive films formed on metals and alloys can be used to study the electronic properties and reveal indirect information about structure and composition. The current work used these techniques to investigate the electronic properties of the passive films formed on three austenitic stainless steels, types 304L, 316L and 254SMO, in borate. Evidence was found for the existence of a large number of localised mid bandgap states, consistent with amorphous oxides. However, the flat-band potentials of the austenitic stainless steel passive films were found to be independent of both composition and measuring frequency. The most credible explanation for the bandgap values determined from photocurrent measurements is that the passive films are formed as dual layers, iron oxide outer layer and chromium oxide inner layer. This model does not need to evoke the potential dependent ...

2008-01-15

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Bandgap properties of the indium sulfide thin-films grown by co-evaporation

Photocurrent and capacitance measurements of semiconductor passive films formed on metals and alloys can be used to study the electronic properties and reveal indirect information about structure and composition. The current work used these techniques to investigate the electronic properties of the passive films formed on three austenitic stainless steels, types 304L, 316L and 254SMO, in borate. Evidence was found for the existence of a large number of localised mid bandgap states, consistent with amorphous oxides. However, the flat-band potentials of the austenitic stainless steel passive films were found to be independent of both composition and measuring frequency. The most credible explanation for the bandgap values determined from photocurrent measurements is that the passive films are formed as dual layers, iron oxide outer layer and chromium oxide inner layer. This model does not need to evoke the potential dependent ...

2008-01-01

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British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In the present study the optical properties of co-evaporated indium sulfide thin films are investigated. Before being optically characterized, the composition as well as the crystalline properties of the film have been checked with the help of energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The optical absorption coefficient ? of this indium sulfide film has been deduced from reflectivity R(?) and transmission T(?) measurements. The fit of the curve representing ?(h?) suggests that the ?-In2S3 has an indirect bandgap of 2.01?eV. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed on this indium sulfide compound, using TB-LMTO code. Through these band structure investigations, an indirect bandgap is predicted as observed experimentally. The top of the valen...

2009-01-01

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The crack of harden cement paste observed with multi-technique

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The shrinkage of the cement paste with low water-cement ratio at different relative humidity was observed and analyzed with ESEM and deformation map technique. The crack morphology was observed with different magnification with SEM and FESEM, and the formation of the crack was observed with AFM between two C-S-H nano particles. The observation by multi technique at multi scale indicated that the shrinkage was increase with the decrease of the humidity due to the increase of the pressure of the capillary pressure, the morphology of the crack in smaller scale was similar to that in the bigger scale, the smaller crack distributed in the latticework of the bigger ones, and the crack propagated along the gap between two nano particles of C-S-H with weaker bonding.

2010-01-01

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Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Core Bypass Flow Phenomena in a Prismatic VHTR

Daily cone-beam computed tomography used to determine tumour shrinkage and localisation in lung cancer patients

The core bypass flow in a prismatic very high temperature gas-cooled reactor (VHTR) is one of the important design considerations which impacts considerably on the integrity of reactor core internals including operating fuels. The interstitial gaps are an inherent presence in the reactor core because of tolerances in manufacturing the blocks and the inexact nature of their installation. Furthermore, the geometry of the graphite blocks changes over the lifetime of the reactor because of thermal expansion and irradiation damage. The occurrence of hot spots in the core and lower plenum and hot streaking in the lower plenum (regions of very hot gas flow) will be affected by the bypass flow. In the present study, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) calculations of a typical prismatic VHTR are conducted to understand better the bypass flow phenomenon and establish the evaluation method in the reactor core using commercial CFD code FLUENT. Parametric calculations changing ...

2010-09-01

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Comparison of stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy of acoustic neurinomas according to 3-D tumor volume shrinkage and quality of life

Purpose/Objective. Daily Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in room imaging is used to determine tumour shrinkage during a full radiotherapy (RT) course. In addition, relative interfractional tumour and lymph node motion is determined for each RT fraction. Material and methods. From November 2009 to March 2010, 20 consecutive lung cancer patients (14 NSCLC, 6 SCLC) were followed with daily CBCT during RT. The gross tumour volume for lung tumour (GTV-t) was visible in all daily CBCT scans and was delineated at the beginning, at the tenth and the 20th fraction, and at the end of treatment. Whenever visible, the gross tumour volume for lymph nodes (GTV-n) was also delineated. The GTV-t and GTV-n volumes were determined. All patients were setup according to an online bony anatomy match. Retrospectively, matching based on the internal target volume (ITV), the GTV-t or the GTV-n was performed. Results. In eight patients, we observed a significant GTV-t ...

2010-10-15

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Computational fluid dynamic analysis of core bypass flow phenomena in a prismatic VHTR

Background and purpose: stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and also fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) offer high local control (LC) rates (> 90%). This study aimed to evaluate three-dimensional (3-D) tumor volume (TV) shrinkage and to assess quality of life (QoL) after SRS/SRT. Patients and methods: from 1999 to 2005, 35/74 patients were treated with SRS, and 39/74 with SRT. Median age was 60 years. Treatment was delivered by a linear accelerator. Median single dose was 13 Gy (SRS) or 54 Gy (SRT). Patients were followed up ? 12 months after SRS/SRT. LC and toxicity were evaluated by clinical examinations and magnetic resonance imaging. 3-D TV shrinkage was evaluated with the planning system. QoL was assessed using the questionnaire Short Form-36. Results: Median follow-up was 50/36 months (SRS/SRT). Actuarial 5-year freedom from progression/overall survival was 88.1%/100% (SRS), and 87.5%/87.2% (SRT). TV ...

2009-09-01

35

High bandgap window layer for GaAs solar cells and fabrication process therefor

The core bypass flow in a prismatic very high temperature reactor (VHTR) is an important design consideration and can have considerable impact on the condition of reactor core internals including fuels. The interstitial gaps are an inherent presence in the reactor core because of tolerances in manufacturing the blocks and the inexact nature of their installation. Furthermore, the geometry of the graphite blocks changes over the lifetime of the reactor because of thermal expansion and irradiation damage. The occurrence of hot spots in the core and lower plenum and hot streaking in the lower plenum (regions of very hot gas flow) are affected by bypass flow. In the present study, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) calculations of a typical prismatic VHTR are conducted to better understand bypass flow phenomena and establish an evaluation method for the reactor core using the commercial CFD code FLUENT. Parametric calculations changing several factors in a one-twelfth ...

2010-09-01

36

Simplified electrostatic model for band-gap underestimates in the local-density approximation

The specification describes a semiconductor solar cell and fabrication process therefor wherein a thin N-type gallium arsenide layer is deposited on a larger P-type substrate layer which is selected from the group of III-V ternary compounds consisting of aluminum phosphide antimonide, AlPSb, and aluminum indium phosphide, AlInP. P-type impurities are diffused from the substrate layer into a portion of the thin N-type gallium arsenide layer to form P-type region wherein which defines a PN junction in the thin gallium arsenide layer. Thus, the quantity of gallium arsenide required to provide this PN photovoltaic junction layer in the cell is minimized, and th P-type substrate serves as a high bandgap window layer for the cell. Such high bandgap of this window material is especially well suited for efficiently transmitting the blue spectrum of sunlight to the PN junction, thus enhancing the power conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

1979-05-29

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Nano photonic sensors for microdamage detection : an exploratory simulation.

An estimate of the undercounted electrostatic energy terms in local-density-functional total-energy calculations for nonmetallic systems with separated electron-hole pairs is used to derive a simplified correction to density-functional - theory band gaps. The correction is evaluated for Ne, Ar, Kr, LiF, NaCl, CsCl, MgO, CaS, BaS, C, AlP, and Si. The band-gap errors are reduced from 40-50% to 10-15% for most of the systems studied. Conduction-band corrections are shown to be nearly as large as valence-band corrections in free-electron-like semiconductors. 28 references, 1 figure.

1985-04-15

38

Cause analysis of cracks in circulating water culvert of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station

Nano photonic materials are synthetically manufactured crystals at the nano scale with the target of creating a microstructure with a special electro-magnetic periodicity. Such nano photonic materials have the ability to control light propagation and thus are capable of creating photonic bandgaps in the frequency domain. We propose using nano photonic crystals as sensors to detect microdamage in composite materials. We demonstrate using a simulation model that a nano photonic sensor attached to a composite bar experiences a significant change in its bandgap profile when damage is induced in the composite bar. The model predicts the frequency response of the nano photonic sensor using the transfer matrix method. A damage metric to evaluate the change in the frequency response is developed. Successful developments of nano photonic sensors allow damage identification at scales not attainable using current sensing technologies.

2005-04-01

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Use of boron waste as a fluxing agent in production of red mud brick

In view of the widespread cracks discovered in the reinforced-concrete circulating water culvert of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station, cause analysis for the cracks is made in terms of construction and design. It is concluded that the cracks mainly resulted from shrinkage and temperature. Corresponding countermeasures are put forward thereafter for reference of similar projects

2000-06-01

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Bypass Flow and Hot Spot Analysis for PMR200 Block-Core Design with Core Restraint Mechanism

The study was directed towards determining the usability of clay and fine wastes (CW and FW) of boron from the concentrator plant in Kirka (Turkey) as a fluxing agent in production of red mud (RM) brick. Both laboratory studies on the characterization of materials and industrial-scale tests for production of bricks were carried out. CW and FW, which have similar chemical composition but include different types and amounts of oxides, were added in amounts of 5, 10 and 15wt% to RM, which consists of high amounts of Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, SiO{sub 2} and alkalies. Six different sets of samples have been produced and fired at 700, 800 and 900{sup o}C. Dry shrinkage of green body, bending and compressive strength, firing shrinkage, water absorption, frost resistance and harmful magnesia and lime tests on heat-treated bodies have been performed. The mineralogical and mechanical tests showed that usability of boron wastes as a fluxing ...

2006-12-15

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Bypass Flow and Hot Spot Analysis for PMR200 Block-Core Design with Core Restraint Mechanism

The accurate prediction of local hot spot during normal operation is important to ensure core thermal margin in a very high temperature gas-cooled reactor because of production of its high temperature output. The active cooling of the reactor core determining local hot spot is strongly affected by core bypass flows through the inter-column gaps between graphite blocks and the cross gaps between two stacked fuel blocks. The bypass gap sizes vary during core life cycle by the thermal expansion at the elevated temperature and the shrinkage/swelling by fast neutron irradiation. This study is to investigate the impacts of the variation of bypass gaps during core life cycle as well as core restraint mechanism on the amount of bypass flow and thus maximum fuel temperature. The core thermo fluid analysis is performed using the GAMMA+ code for the PMR200 block-core design. For the analysis not only are some modeling features, developed for solid conduction and bypass flow, ...

2009-10-15

42

Development of an injection molding tool for complex microfluidic geometries

The accurate prediction of local hot spot during normal operation is important to ensure core thermal margin in a very high temperature gas-cooled reactor because of production of its high temperature output. The active cooling of the reactor core determining local hot spot is strongly affected by core bypass flows through the inter-column gaps between graphite blocks and the cross gaps between two stacked fuel blocks. The bypass gap sizes vary during core life cycle by the thermal expansion at the elevated temperature and the shrinkage/swelling by fast neutron irradiation. This study is to investigate the impacts of the variation of bypass gaps during core life cycle as well as core restraint mechanism on the amount of bypass flow and thus maximum fuel temperature. The core thermo fluid analysis is performed using the GAMMA+ code for the PMR200 block-core design. For the analysis not only are some modeling features, developed for solid conduction and bypass flow, ...

2009-10-01

43

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper will track the design and results of an injection molding tool developed to manufacture microfluidic chips. The mold design and injection molding process was complicated by the presence of integrated capillary fluidic interconnects. We determined that design of the runner and gate system responsible for delivering molten plastic to the cavity had a significant impact on the quality of parts produced by the mold and the size of the process window. Numerical results confirm our findings that reducing gate lengths and increasing part thickness dramatically improved the filling profile and lowered injection pressures by 37%. Finally, the influence of gate location on part shrinkage is analyzed and discussed.

2011-01-01

44

High-efficiency solar cell and method for fabrication

Synthesis and photonic band calculations of NCP face-centered cubic photonic crystals of TiO2 hollow spheres.

A high-efficiency 3- or 4-junction solar cell is disclosed with a theoretical AM0 energy conversion efficiency of about 40%. The solar cell includes p-n junctions formed from indium gallium arsenide nitride (InGaAsN), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and indium gallium aluminum phosphide (InGaAlP) separated by n-p tunnel junctions. An optional germanium (Ge) p-n junction can be formed in the substrate upon which the other p-n junctions are grown. The bandgap energies for each p-n junction are tailored to provide substantially equal short-circuit currents for each p-n junction, thereby eliminating current bottlenecks and improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Additionally, the use of an InGaAsN p-n junction overcomes super-bandgap energy losses that are present in conventional multi-junction solar cells. A method is also disclosed for fabricating the high-efficiency 3- or 4-junction solar cell by metal-organic chemical ...

1999-08-31

45

A photoelectrochemical investigation of passive films formed by alternating voltage passivation

With the help of self-assembly, thermal sintering, selective etching techniques and sol-gel process, the non-close packed (ncp) face-centered cubic (fcc) photonic crystals of titanium dioxide (TiO2) hollow spheres connected by TiO2 cylindrical tubes have been fabricated using silica template. The photonic bandgap calculations indicate that the ncp structure of TiO2 hollow spheres was easier to open the pseudogaps than close packed system at the lowest energy. PMID:17097102

2006-10-21

46

Local Structures and Interface Morphology of InGaAsN Thin Films Grown on GaAs

Photocurrent measurements for stainless steel type 304 in the as-received condition after dc and AV (alternating voltage) passivation have confirmed that significant changes of the passive film properties occur due to AV passivation. The photocurrents were the highest for the sample treated by the AV passivation process (AVPP). The bandgap energy increased from about 2.8 to about 3.05 eV for this treatment. Very similar results have been obtained for pure chromium, which suggests that the AVPP produces a thicker passive film with a less defective nature due to a partial dehydration of the chromium oxide phase in the film.

1993-07-01

47

Quantitative analysis of X-Ray Microtomography images of metal powders in the course of sintering

The compound semiconductor system InGaAsN exhibits many intriguing properties which are particularly useful for the development of innovative high efficiency thin film solar cells and long wavelength lasers. The bandgap in these semiconductors can be varied by controlling the content of N and In and the thin films can yet be lattice-matched to GaAs. In the present work, x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and grazing incidence x-ray scattering (GIXS) techniques have been employed to probe the local environment surrounding both N and In atoms as well as the interface morphology of InGaAsN thin films epitaxially grown on GaAs. The soft x-ray XAFS results around nitrogen K-edge reveal that N is in the sp{sup 3} hybridized bonding configuration in InGaAsN and GaAsN, suggesting that N impurities most likely substitute for As sites in these two compounds. The results of In K-edge XAFS suggest a possible trend of a slightly larger coordination number of As nearest ...

1999-02-23

48

Oil-filled electric cable with alternate layers of plastic and paper tape

In situ X-Ray microtomography offers new opportunities for analysing sintering mechanisms since it allows 3D observation of the microstructural evolution of the powder all along a sintering cycle. With synchrotron radiation at ESRF, a 3D image with a resolution of 2 {mu}m can be obtained in about one minute. In addition to the visual examination of the images, relevant microstructural parameters can be measured through quantitative image analysis using recently developed tools. In this paper the results obtained with two materials, loose copper powder and compacted steel powder, are resumed. For copper powder, the dispersion of local parameters such as particle co-ordination number and porosity is investigated. Concerning steel compacts, data about pore morphology evolution and on local strains provides clues for understanding the anisotropic shrinkage of such compacts. (authors)

2005-07-01

49

Investment casting technology for production of TiAl low pressure turbine blades ??" Process engineering and parameter analysis

This patent describes an oil-filled electric cable and a manufacturing method for said cable, in which the solid insulation is formed, at least in part, by separately applied, alternate layers of cellulose paper tape and of film tapes made of plastic. Prior to application of the tapes around the cable conductor, the moisture content of the paper tape is selected and the swelling of the plastic tape by the oil after application is adjusted, if necessary, such as by immersing the plastic tape in the oil prior to application, so that the swelling of the plastic tape by the oil in the formed cable is offset by the shrinkage of the paper tape during drying of the cable. Also, an apparatus for pre-swelling the plastic tape is described. 4 figs.

1988-01-12

50

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Low pressure turbine blades (LPT) made by investment casting from intermetallic titanium aluminide alloys for aero-engine applications in lengths between 200 and 400 mm require very demanding and sophisticated process for their manufacturing. Middle line shrinkage porosity along the airfoil and dimensional tolerances by near-net-shape casting are especially sensitive issues concerning Quality assurance. Nevertheless the urgency to manufacture safer environmental-friendly high performance aero-engines requires the introduction of new high performance components like LPT blades made of TiAl, which are about 50% lighter than their nickel-based counterparts. The present work is based on process engineering taking into account different melting and casting technologies in order to develop a dep...

2011-01-01

51

High frequency converters for thermophotovoltaic applications

Application of photoelectrochemistry and impedance measurements to the study of passive films on AISI 304 stainless steel

Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) converters were developed and tested at the heat source operating temperature of 1,700 K. Rare-earth-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) and lutetium yttrium aluminum garnet (Lu, YAG) selective emitters, as well as a blackbody emitter, were coupled to InGaAs/InP photovoltaic (PV) cells and bandpass/infrared (IR) reflector filters. YAG-based selective emitters were adopted with Ho, Tm, and Er. PV cells had bandgaps of 0.51, 0.57, and 0.69 eV. Converter energy conversion efficiencies approaching 30%, as well as electrical output power densities near 2 W/cm{sup 2} were demonstrated. The overall performance of the filtered blackbody-based converter was found to be superior to the selective emitter YAG-based converters. The details of the measurements performed on the above converters and their individual components are presented.

1996-12-31

52

Swelling/shrinkage of compacted and natural clayey soils; Retrait/gonflement des sols argileux compacts et naturels

In this work passive films formed in AISI 304 stainless steel were envisaged as semiconductors and studied by means of photoelectrochemistry and Mott-Schottky plots. The passive films were potentiostatically formed at different potentials (0.2-0.8V) in a basic borate/boric acid solution without and with addition of NaCl (0.5 and 1g/l) and at various temperatures in the range 8-60"oC. The influence of these parameters on the photocurrent, quantum efficiency, bandgap energy and density of charge carriers was determined. The results show that the experimental conditions at which the films are formed influence the semiconductive properties of the film, which seem to be related to the higher or lower stability of the film. An Arrhenius type of relationship was also found between the density of charge carriers and temperature, leading to the determination of an activation energy. (author) 13 refs., 7 figs.

1988-07-01

53

A phenomenological finite element model of stereolithography processing

This thesis presents an experimental study performed on compacted loose and natural dense expansive soils using osmotic odometers. Several successive cycles were applied under three different low constant vertical net stresses. The loose soil presents a significant shrinkage accumulation while the dense one produces the swelling accumulation during the suction cycles. The suction cycles induced an equilibrium stage which indicates an elastic behaviour of the samples. At the end of suction cycles, a loading/unloading test was performed at the constant suctions for both materials. The mechanical parameters, i.e. the virgin compression index lambda(s), the apparent pre-consolidation stress p0(s) and the elastic compression index values lambda are completely dependent on the followed stress paths. The whole experimental results made it possible to define the yielding surfaces: suction limit between micro and macrostructure (Lm/M), loading collapse (LC) and saturation ...

2007-12-15

54

Reactive oxygen species production and Bax/Bcl-2 regulation in honokiol-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells.

In the stereolithography process, three dimensional parts are built layer by layer using a laser to selectively cure slices of a photocurable resin, one on top of another. As the laser spot passes over the surface of the resin, the ensuing chemical reaction causes the resin to shrink and stiffen during solidification. When laser paths cross or when new layers are cured on top of existing layers, residual stresses are generated as the cure shrinkage of the freshly gelled resin is constrained by the adjoining previously-cured material. These internal stresses can cause curling in the compliant material. A capability for performing finite element analyses of the stereolithography process has been developed. Although no attempt has been made to incorporate all the physics of the process, a numerical platform suitable for such development has been established. A methodology and code architecture have been structured to allow finite elements to be birthed (activated) ...

1996-03-01

55

Preparation of ZnO varistors by solution nano-coating technique

We investigated possible mechanism(s) where honokiol induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells. MTT assay showed that honokiol has strong inhibition on SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner. SMMC-7721 cells after honokiol treatment display morphological characteristics such as cell shrinkage, detachment from the culture plate, formation of apoptotic bodies, change to a round shape, and marked nuclear condensation and fragmentation after 32258 staining. Cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin-V/PI staining and alternatively, by the subG0/G1 percentage of the cell cycle analysis followed by FACS. An obvious loss of ??(m) and a quick burst of ROS was detected when honokiol reached 4?g/ml, which was coincident with the high apoptosis percentage in our previous research. Up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 were observed, suggesting that honokiol-induced apoptosis was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ...

2009-03-17

56

Hydrolysis kinetics of lead silicate glass in acid solution

This paper introduces a new method to produce nano-composite powder for the preparation of high performance ZnO varistors. ZnO particles were coated with Bi{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Sb{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Co{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3} and other additives via liquid nano-coating technique. Then the prepared powder was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal gravity and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) and particle size distribution. The results showed that the ZnO composite powder is homogeneously coated and ultrafine. The densification, phase composition and microstructure of ZnO varistors was studied by linear shrinkage, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM, respectively. The preliminary electrical parameters of ZnO varistors showed that the breakdown voltage V {sub b} (1 mA/cm{sup 2}) and nonlinear coefficient {alpha} is 5400 V/cm and 50, respectively, much higher than that of conventional ball milling ...

2006-06-15

57

Evaluation of the cleanliness of ultrapure water by the analysis for metal concentration deposited on Si wafer surface using vapor phase decomposition/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Hydrolysis kinetics of the lead silicate glass (LSG) with 40 mol% PbO in 0.5 N HNO_3 aqueous acid solution was investigated. The surface morphology and the gel layer thickness were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP) were used to determine the composition of the gel layer and the aqueous solution, respectively. The silicon content of the dissolution products was determined by using weight-loss data and compositions of the gel layer and the solution. The kinetic parameters were determined using the shrinking-core-model (SCM) for rate controlling step. The activation energy obtained for hydrolysis reaction was Q_c_h_e = 56.07 kJ/mole. The diffusion coefficient of the Pb ions from the gel layer was determined by using its concentration in solution and in LSG. The shrinkage of the sample and the gel layer thickness during dissolution process were ...

2009-06-01

58

Design of experiment approach applied to reducing and oxidizing tolerance of anode supported solid oxide fuel cell. Part II: Electrical, electrochemical and microstructural characterization of tape-cast cells

Along with the shrinkage of LSI geometries, a higher quality of ultrapure water has been continuously required. Analytical technology for ultrapure water has also progressed before ultrapure water production technology improvements. In this study, we performed optimization of the analytical conditions for the direct analysis of acid droplets, and established an analytical technology for measurements of trace amounts of metallic impurities deposited on a wafer surface by means of Vapor Phase Decomposition (VPD)/Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). As a result, analytical technology for metallic elements of the 1x10"8 atoms/cm"2 level on wafer surface has been established. By applying analytical technology to the wafer that has been contacted with ultrapure water, a new evaluation technology for ultrapure water quality by means of wafer surface contamination has been established. We confirmed good correlations between metal contamination of the ...

2010-07-01

59

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

One of the major limitations of the nickel (Ni) - yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anode support for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) is its low capability to withstand transients between reducing and oxidizing atmospheres (''RedOx'' cycle), owing to the Ni-to-NiO volume expansion. This work presents results on different anode supports fabricated by tape casting. Three compositions are prepared, as the outcome of a preceding design of experiment approach. The NiO proportion is 40, 50 and 60wt% of the anode composite. The anode support characteristics like shrinkage during sintering, in-situ conductivity at high temperature, electrochemical performance and tolerance against RedOx cycles have been measured. Performance up to 0.72Wcm^-^2 (0.62V, 800^oC) is recorded for the 60wt% NiO sample on sm...

2011-01-01

60

Composite electrode substrate for fuel cell requiring no separator plate and its production method; Separeta ban wo fuyo tosuru nenryo denchiyo fukugo denkyoku kiban oyobi sono seizoho

Co-precipitated ZnAl2O4 spinel precursor as potential sintering aid for pure alumina system

This invention relates to the production method of composite electrode substrate for fuel cell. An impermeable material is used for edge sealant. The sealant is put in the clearance between two electrodes consisting of porous carbon material via thermoplastic resin sheet, and heated while being pressed. This production method increases the adherence between the porous carbon bodies and reduces the contact resistivity at the joint interface. Consequently, it becomes possible to produce the composite electrode for fuel cell without separator, resulting in simplification of assembly work, weight reduction, and downsizing. The preferable porous carbon body is made from shrinkage-treated fiber. After sheet forming, the thermosetting resin is impregnated, and then it is burnt to carbonization. Or mixed sheet of rayon and acrylic fiber is laminated to be heated and pressed without impregnating the resin. The pressed resin is then burnt to carbonization. The preferable ...

1996-04-12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

61

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Ultra-fine ZnAl2O4 spinel hydrogel precursor synthesized from mixed salt solutions of Zn^2^+ and Al^3^+ ions using ammonium hydroxide-hexamethylenetetramine as basic media for co-precipitation was used as bonding material and sintering aid for pure alumina system. The hydrogel powder exhibited some well-defined ZnAl2O4 spinel phases at 800^oC. Alumina compacts were fabricated by incorporating small proportions of the precursor in alumina powder and firing at different temperatures (1350-1500^oC). The degree of densification was studied by measurement of fired shrinkage, apparent porosity, bulk density and cold crushing strength. Phase compositions and microstructural features of sintered samples were evaluated by XRD and SEM respectively. Addition of 0.2% hydrogel powder to alumina exhibit...

2010-01-01

62

Ultrafast carrier dynamics of InGaAsN and InGaAs single quantum wells

The potential of III-V semiconductors as terrestrial photovoltaic devices

Striking differences in differential reflectance and carrier relaxation in In0.4Ga0.6As and In0.4Ga0.6As0.98N0.02 single quantum wells (SQWs) were studied using ultrafast time-resolved photoreflectance. Even with extremely thin SQW of only 60 A within 3000 A wide GaAs confining layers, negative and positive differential reflectance was observed for the excitation photon energy far above the bandgaps at 820 and 880 nm for both samples. Due to absorption by the GaAs confining layer, the peak differential reflectance pumped at 820 nm is an order of magnitude larger than that pumped at 880 nm; and it is larger for InGaAs SQWs than for InGaAsN SQWs. The shorter carrier lifetimes of these samples result from carrier-carrier scattering as pumped at both wavelengths. The longer carrier lifetime as pumped at 880 nm is due to hot phonon decay in InGaAs but may be due to stimulated emission in InGaAsN. The results reveal that the carrier dynamics is strongly affected by N ...

2008-04-21

63

Satellite power systems (SPS) concept definition study (exhibit d). Volume 4: operations analyses. Final report

III-V semiconductors, GaAs and in particular InGaP, are used in many different electronic applications, such as high power and high frequency devices, laser diodes and high brightness LED. Their direct bandgap and high reliability make them ideal candidates for the realisation of high efficiency solar cells: in the past years they have been successfully used as power sources for satellites in space, where they are able to produce electricity from sunlight with an overall efficiency of around 30%. Nowadays, the use of arsenides and phosphides as photovoltaic (PV) devices is confined only to space applications since their price is much higher than conventional Si flat panel modules, the leading PV market technology. But with the introduction of multijunction solar cells capable of operating in high concentration solar light, the area and, therefore, the cost of these cells can be reduced and will eventually find an application and market also on Earth. This article ...

2006-07-01

64

Recent Progress in CdTe and CdZnTe Detectors

Using a coplanar, end-mounted antenna as a baseline, various configuration trades were performed to select a preferred solid state concept. The increase in efficiency that could be realized by use of multi bandgap solar cells, either with klystron or solid state antenna was evaluated. Satellite configurations were developed to exploit the sandwich antenna concept wherein solar cells are located on one side of the antenna panel and solid state dc/RF converters on the other side. These concepts entailed various primary and secondary reflector arrangements for directing solar energy to the solar cell side of the antenna with higher concentration ratios than used on the coplanar configurations. Operations analysis included development of a satellite construction scenario, a concept for the SCB, a top-level satellite construction operation, construction operation, construction timelines and crew sizes, mass flows to orbit, and a satellite maintenance scenario. The list ...

1981-03-01

65

Reappraisal of solid selective emitters

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) have been regarded as promising semiconductor materials for hard X-ray and Gamma-ray detection. The high atomic number of the materials (Z_{Cd} =48, Z_{Te} =52) gives a high quantum efficiency in comparison with Si. The large band-gap energy (Eg ~ 1.5 eV) allows us to operate the detector at room temperature. However, a considerable amount of charge loss in these detectors produces a reduced energy resolution. This problem arises due to the low mobility and short lifetime of holes. Recently, significant improvements have been achieved to improve the spectral properties based on the advances in the production of crystals and in the design of electrodes. In this overview talk, we summarize (1) advantages and disadvantages of CdTe and CdZnTe semiconductor detectors and (2) technique for improving energy resolution and photopeak efficiencies. Applications of these imaging detectors in future hard X-ray and ...

2001-01-01

66

Optical and electronic properties of Ag nanodots on Si(111)

New rare earth oxide emitters show greater efficiency than previous emitters. As a result, based on a simple model the efficiency of these emitters was calculated. Results indicate that the emission band of the selective emitter must be at relatively low energy (less than or equal to .52 eV) to obtain maximum efficiency at moderate emitter temperatures (less than or equal to 1500 K). Thus low bandgap energy PV materials are required to obtain an efficient thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system. Of the 4 specific rare earths (Nd, Ho, Er, Yb) studied Ho has the largest efficiency at moderate temperatures (72 percent at 1500 K). A comparison was made between a selective emitter TPV system and a TPV system that uses a thermal emitter plus a band pass filter to make the thermal emitter behave like a selective emitter. Results of the comparison indicate that only for very optimistic filter and thermal emitter properties will the filter TPV system have a greater efficiency than ...

1990-05-01

67

Morphology and luminescence properties of ZnO layers produced by magnetron spattering

Reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) has been used, together with scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS), to investigate the optical and electronic properties of nanodots formed by depositing Ag on the Si(111)-3 x 1-Ag surface. One-dimensional (1D) arrays of nanodots were grown on a single-domain (3 x 1)-Ag surface and the anisotropic optical response in the 0.5-5 eV range measured by RAS. Aligned, elongated Ag islands were also grown on this surface to compare their properties with those of the nanodots. STS of the Ag islands showed distinct metallic behaviour, whereas the nanodots revealed a bandgap of #approx#0.6 eV, indicating that the surface of the dots has a non-metallic character, similar to that of the Si(111)-3 x 1-Ag surface. RAS also showed substantial differences between the structures, with a large infrared anisotropy for the metallic Ag islands consistent with anisotropic Drude-like intraband transitions, whereas the nanodots gave a negligible ...

2006-08-02

68

Development of GaInAsP for GaInAsP/Ge cascade solar cells

We show that the morphology and the luminescence properties of ZnO layers produced by magnetron sputtering can be controlled by technological parameters of sputtering, particularly by the ratio of argon to oxygen gases in the gas flow during the growth process. Smooth and flat layers were produced with a high Ar/O ratio, while porous layers with various morphologies were obtained with a low Ar/O ratio. The layers produced with O/Ar ration equal to 10 exhibit extremely high near-bandgap luminescence intensity even higher in comparison with bulk ZnO single crystals. The free carrier density estimated from the analysis of photoluminescence spectra is also very high in these samples suggesting that these technological conditions promote both optical and electrical activation of the doping Al impurity. The samples grown with high Ar/O ratios exhibit strong visible emission which is controlled by the technological conditions.

2011-07-07

69

Characterisation of passive films on 300 series stainless steels

Quaternary semiconductor compounds are ideal candidates for use in monolithic cascade solar cells because the lattice constant and the bandgap of such compounds can be independently varied. The quaternary semiconductor compound Ga[sub 0.83]In[sub 0.17]As[sub 0.67]P[sub 0.33] not only is lattice matched to GaAs and Ge but also provides a current matched top cell for the GaInAsP/Ge monolithic cascade solar cell. Under concentration of 100 suns, the projected efficiency for such a cell is about 34%. The growth of Ga[sub 0.83]In[sub 0.17]As[sub 0.67]P[sub 0.33] lattice matched to GaAs and Ge has been demonstrated. GaInAsP solar cells have been grown on both GaAs and Ge substrates. A GaInAsP on GaAs solar cell with an active area efficiency of 23.2% for 1 sun, AM 1.5 direct illumination has been prepared. A proposed structure for the GaInAsP/Ge cascade cell is also given.

1992-12-01

70

Characterisation of passive films on 300 series stainless steels

The formation and breakdown of the passive films on stainless steels are mainly controlled by ionic and electronic transport processes. Both these processes are in part controlled by the electronic properties of the oxide film. Consequently, it is vital to gain a detailed perception of the electronic properties of the passive films together with structural and compositional information for a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms behind passivity and localised corrosion. As a step towards this goal the passive films formed on two main austenitic stainless steels AISI 316L and AISI 304L in borate solution were characterised by in situ Raman spectroscopy and photocurrent spectroscopy coupled with electrochemical measurements. This revealed the formation of an Fe-Cr spinel as the dominant constituent in the passive films with more Cr enrichment in the oxide film on 316L than that of 304L. Bandgap readings and semiconductivities of the two stainless steels suggested ...

2006-11-15

71

Capacitance behaviour of passive films on ferritic and austenitic stainless steel

The formation and breakdown of the passive films on stainless steels are mainly controlled by ionic and electronic transport processes. Both these processes are in part controlled by the electronic properties of the oxide film. Consequently, it is vital to gain a detailed perception of the electronic properties of the passive films together with structural and compositional information for a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms behind passivity and localised corrosion. As a step towards this goal the passive films formed on two main austenitic stainless steels AISI 316L and AISI 304L in borate solution were characterised by in situ Raman spectroscopy and photocurrent spectroscopy coupled with electrochemical measurements. This revealed the formation of an Fe-Cr spinel as the dominant constituent in the passive films with more Cr enrichment in the oxide film on 316L than that of 304L. Bandgap readings and semiconductivities of the two stainless steels suggested ...

2006-11-15

72

Capacitance behaviour of passive films on ferritic and austenitic stainless steel

The electrochemical behaviour of passive films formed on one austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) and one ferritic stainless steel (AISI 446) in solutions with pH between 0.6 and 8.4 was studied by capacitance measurements and photocurrent spectroscopy. Compositional characterization of the passive films was done by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The capacitance increases with decreasing pH. Doping densities evaluated from Mott-Schottky plots are in the range 2-6 x 10{sup 20} cm{sup -3} and increased with the pH in the neutral/alkaline range while in pH 0.6, values above 10{sup 21} cm{sup -3} were found. The bandgap energy indicates two transitions, at 2.5-2.8 and 3.2 eV. The analytical data reveal that, as the pH increased, the films become enriched in Fe(II) and Fe(III), whereas the Cr(III) gradually decreases. The films formed at very low pH had a behaviour that contrasts with that of the films formed in the neutral/alkaline media. The films are described by ...

2005-03-01

73

Al[sub 0. 3]Ga[sub 0. 7]As/GaAs heterojunction tunnel diode for tandem solar cell applications

The electrochemical behaviour of passive films formed on one austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) and one ferritic stainless steel (AISI 446) in solutions with pH between 0.6 and 8.4 was studied by capacitance measurements and photocurrent spectroscopy. Compositional characterization of the passive films was done by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The capacitance increases with decreasing pH. Doping densities evaluated from Mott-Schottky plots are in the range 2-6 x 10"2"0 cm"-"3 and increased with the pH in the neutral/alkaline range while in pH 0.6, values above 10"2"1 cm"-"3 were found. The bandgap energy indicates two transitions, at 2.5-2.8 and 3.2 eV. The analytical data reveal that, as the pH increased, the films become enriched in Fe(II) and Fe(III), whereas the Cr(III) gradually decreases. The films formed at very low pH had a behaviour that contrasts with that of the films formed in the neutral/alkaline media. The films are described by a bilayer ...

2005-03-01

74

Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production Using Multiple Bandgap Combination of Thin-Film-Photovoltaic and Photocatalyst

A p[sup +]-Al[sub 0.3]Ga[sub 0.7]As/n[sup +]-GaAs heterojunction tunnel diode was fabricated using Atomic Layer Epitaxy (ALE) growth technique. Background carbon doping of [similar to]10[sup 20] cm[sup [minus]3] was achieved in the p-side of the diode by optimizing growth conditions such as V/III ratio, exposure times to reactant gases, and growth temperature. In the n-side of the diode GaAs was doped with silane and doping concentrations as high as 7[times]10[sup 18] cm[sup [minus]3] were also achieved. The dopants are chosen to satisfy the high levels and low diffusion requirements. The diode can be used to interconnect the high and low band-gap cells in the AlGaAs/GaAs cascade solar cell structure. The reactor used in this investigation is a commercial MOCVD system which has been specially modified for dual operation of ALE and MOCVD growth modes.

1994-06-30

75

Waste Handling Shaft concrete liner degradation conclusions and recommendations

One of the NASA research activities was to identify, characterize, and simulate a series of technologies that could be used for hydrogen production at NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC) using locally available sources. This project examined the production of hydrogen from solar energy. To produce hydrogen by water splitting, the operating voltage of conventional photovoltaic (PV) cells cannot supply the overvoltage required. Thus, the objective of this project was to research and develop photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells that can supply the required voltage for water splitting by constructing a multiple bandgap tandem PV cell and a photocatalyst that can be activated by infrared (IR) photons transmitted through the PV cell. The proposed concept is different from conventional PEC water splitting by using multiple band gap combinations. The advantages for this PEC cell concept is that the PV cells are not in contact with the electrolyte solution, thus reducing the ...

2009-01-01

76

The economic geology of clays/shales raw materials for the ceramics industry in Lebanon

The primary function of the Waste Handling Shaft (WHS) at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is to permit the transfer of radioactive waste from the surface waste handling building to the underground storage area. It also serves as an intake shaft for small volumes of air during normal storage operations and as an emergency escape route. Part of the construction was the placement of a concrete liner and steel reinforced key in 1984. During a routine shaft inspection in May 1990, some degradation of the WHS concrete liner was observed between the depths of 800 and 900 feet below the ground surface. Detailed investigations of the liner had been carried out by Sandia National Laboratories and by Westinghouse Electric Corporation Waste Isolation Division (WID) through Lankard Materials Laboratory. Observations, reports, and data support the conclusion that the concrete degradation, resulting from attack by chemically aggressive brine, is a localized phenomena. It is the opinion of the ...

77

The compressive strength of cement blocks permeated with an organic phase change material

Author.Field, laboratory and market studies are a must for proper evaluation of natural resources for the mineral industry of lebanon. Sites selectively convenient to the existing major Lebanese ceramics industry centered in the Beqa'a region, were investigated as to their geology, geography and economic character. The raw materials are shales, mud stones, siltstones and other argillaceous rocks of Jurassic to Cretaceous age coming from selective sites in south and central Lebanon. The finished products include wall, floor, roofing tiles, pipes, sanitary ware, pottery and brick specimens. Differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, firing and physico-chemical tests and analyses characterized the raw materials into two major groups: the suitable are siliceous argillaceous rocks and unsuitable calcareous argillaceous rocks. The suitable group is divided into two varieties. The first is dominantly a disordered Kaolinite with low drying and firing values, low plasticity ...

78

Microcracking and durability of high strength concretes; Microfissuration et durabilite des betons a hautes performances

The authors investigate the feasibility of constructing walls and partitions with enhanced heat storage capability from cement blocks permeated with an organic phase change material (pressed stearic acid). The blocks are lightweight, easy to produce and are cured in the same way as cement or concrete. The ratio of components (cement, stearic acid (SA) and water) was optimized with respect to compressive strength. With normal portland cement, the best compressive strength 2.2 MPa was obtained with a ratio C:SA:W of 1:0.8:0.65 (i.e. 32% stearic acid) after 28 days of curing. This was increased to 4.4 MPa when high early strength cement was used, about as strong as Sipporex, lightweight concrete or lightweight clay bricks. As expected, the compressive strength decreased linearly with temperature between 25/sup 0/C and 100/sup 0/C, at a rate of 15 kPa//sup 0/C. The drying shrinkage of the modules was found to be 50% greater than for cement mortars. The addition of ...

1984-01-01

79

Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma; dynamic features of CT scans

Durability of 28 days compressive strength concrete of 20 to 120 MPa has been studied. The ability of concrete to transport aggressive agents has been determined for four properties: the air permeability, the chloride diffusivity, the water absorption and the carbonation. A chloride migration test for high and very high strength concrete (HSC and VHSC) has been built. The relationship between transport properties and the compressive strength after one and 28 days of humid curing has always the same shape: transport decreases when strength increases. However, transport properties often vary in the ordinary concrete field. Beyond, the domain is much more limited. The relationship between transport properties and strength valid for ordinary concrete can not be simply extrapolated for HSC and VHSC. To determine the part of microcracking of HSC and VHSC, concrete behaviour stored in two mediums has been studied: the ones shaming the storing condition of concrete in auto-desiccation, the ...

1995-07-15

80

InGaP/InGaAlP double-heterostructure and multiquantum-well laser diodes grown by molecular-beam epitaxy

To elucidate the dynamic features of CT scans in peripheral cholangiocarcinoma for the differentiation of this tumor from various primary hepatic neoplasms. Materials were 24 cases of pathologically confirmed peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. Contrast enhancement patterns of central and peripheral portion of the masses were analyzed at three phases including arterial dominant(22), tissue equilibria(24), and postequilibria(9). Other associated CT findings and laboratory data were analyzed. Serum total bilirubin was mostly below 2 mg/dl(22/24), hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in only 9%, serum alphafetoprotein was elevated in 18%, carcinoembryonic antigen in 47%, cancer antigen 19-9 in 60%. In the arterial dominant image(22), 50% of the cases showed peripheral hyperdensity and 50% total hypodensity. In the tissue equilibrial images(24), 63% showed total hypodensity, 25% peripheral hyperdensity, and 13% total isodensity. In the postequilibrial images(9), 45% showed peripheral ...

1995-05-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

81

In situ scanning tunneling microscope study of the passivation of Cu(111)

Room-temperature continuous-wave (cw) operation is achieved in the MBE (molecular-beam epitaxy)-grown InGaP/InGaAlP double-heterostructure (DH) visible laser diodes with a threshold current of 110 mA. The lasing wavelength and threshold current density under pulsed operation are 666 nm and as low as 3.9 kA/cm/sup 2/, respectively. This result is achieved by the introduction of H/sub 2/ into the growth chamber during growth, the continuous growth from one layer to the next layer, and the introduction of a GaAs buffer layer. InGaP/InGaAlP quantum well structures are also grown. From photoluminescence measurements, the conduction-band discontinuity ..delta..E/sub c/ is estimated to be 0.43 of the band-gap difference ..delta..E/sub g/. Furthermore, the multiquantum-well (MQW) structure is found to be stable under thermal treatment at temperatures as high as 750 /sup 0/C. Room-temperature pulsed operation of InGaP/InGaAlP MQW laser diodes is achieved for the first time. ...

1987-03-01

82

Comparison of Al{sub 0.51}In{sub 0.49}P and Ga{sub 0.51}In{sub 0.49}P window layers for GaAs and GaInAsP solar cells

In situ scanning tunneling microscopy has been used to study the nucleation and growth mechanisms and the structure of passive films formed on Cu(111) surfaces in 0.1 M borate buffer solution (pH 9.3). A surface topography characterized by terraces with monoatomic steps is obtained after potentiodynamic reduction down to {minus}1.12 V/standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), of the electropolished surface exposed to air. The formation of a single Cu{sub 2}O passive layer at 0.03 V/SHE proceeds first by a roughening of the steps assigned to a locally blocked step flow process due to a competition between dissolution and preferential nucleation of the oxide at the steps. The observed oxide nuclei are 2--3 nm wide and about one atomic plane high. This process leads to the complete coverage of the terraces by a grain-like structure of the oxide film. The initial terrace topography is completely altered. Thickening of this oxide layer leads to unstable scanning tunneling microscope imaging, ...

1999-02-01

83

Mineralogical Data of Shocked Quartz Materials from K/T Boundary and Impact Crater

Two window layer materials, Al{sub 0.51}In{sub 0.49}P (E{sub g} = 2.3 eV) and Ga{sub 0.51}In{sub 0.49}P (E{sub g} = 1.88 eV) were compared for gas-source and solid-source MBE grown GaAs and Ga{sub 0.84}In{sub 0.16}As{sub 0.68}P{sub 0.32} (E{sub g} = 1.55 eV) solar cells. Due to the wider band-gap of Al{sub 0.51}In{sub 0.49}P, the increased spectral response was observed for both GaAs and Ga{sub 0.84}In{sub 0.16}As{sub 0.68}P{sub 0.32} material based solar cells. In the case of the GaAs cells, the short-circuit current density was observed to increase from 32.5 mA/cm{sup 2} to 34.4 mA/cm{sup 2} with the Al{sub 0.51}In{sub 0.49}P window layer at AM0. Similar improvement was observed for the Ga{sub 0.84}In{sub 0.16}As{sub 0.68}P{sub 0.32} solar cells.

1997-12-31

84

Sprayforming of unalloyed and low alloy steel preforms; Spruehkompaktieren von Halbzeugen unterschiedlicher Geometrie aus unlegierten und niedriglegierten Staehlen

Shocked quartz minerals from the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundary and impact craters have been mainly discussed from distribution of optical directions, mean optical refractive index, and X-ray data (1). The purpose of the present study is presentation of the detailed mineralogical data of shocked quartz found in the K/T boundaries and terrestrial impact craters (2,3,4,5). X-ray powder diffraction pattern of shocked quartz aggregate reveals that all Xray peaks are split into major three peaks composed of low-density quartz (LQ), normal quartz (Q), and shocked quartz with high density (SQ). X-ray peaks of (110), (200), (201), (202), and (211) in the hexagonal cell are also split into many peaks. The X-ray intensity among LQ, Q, and SQ phases indicates that the SQ phase shows 36% to 53% in six K/T boundary samples (5). The relative X-ray intensity ratio of shocked quartz to standard rock crystal decreases into 13% to 37%, which suggests that shocked quartz materials contain major parts ...

1992-07-01

85

Cytopathic Effects of Viruses Protocols

Sprayforming offers the possibility to produce a variety of preforms in a single step directly from the melt. Numerous processing parameters ensure high flexibility but require detailed knowledge concerning the microstructure of sprayformed material depending on chemical composition and processing parameters. Within the current study fundamental investigations using unalloyed and low alloy steel grades (C15, C105, 100Cr6) for sprayforming of plates and billets have been performed concerning the influence of chromium and carbon content and selected processing parameters. Sprayformed preforms revealed austenite grain sizes up to 500 {mu}m depending on the development of porosity. Different types of porosity have been detected which can be associated with incomplete densification due to high cooling rates, solidification shrinkage and entrapped nitrogen. Atomisation gas pressure and carbon content are parameters of primary importance. (Abstract Copyright [2003], Wiley ...

2003-01-01

86

Effect of Pressures up to 2.0 GPa on the Mechanical ...

Protocols for using Cytopathic Effects of Viruses

2007-09-29

87

[Effect of disulfiram on liver function].

... hydrostatic pressures up to 700 MPa. The effect of pressure on the ultimate compressive strength is shown. The effect of size on ...

88

Trust on Superiors and Organizational Effectiveness

PMID:3726630

1986-01-01

89

Irradiation effects on electronic functional materials

Full Text Available

2007-03-01

90

Irradiation effect of laser on salivary glands

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

91

Effects and side-effects of integrating care: the case of mental health care in the Netherlands

Short communication.

1995-04-01

92

Solar wind effect on the muon flux at sea level

PurposeDescription and analysis of the effects and side-effects of integrated mental health care in the Netherlands.Context of caseDue...Full Text Available

93

Solar wind effect on the muon flux at sea level

2005-01-01

94

New Effective Pesticides

The Effect of Morpholine/Boric Acid/Hydrazine Chemistry on ...

Development the New Effective Pesticides in the Series of Pyrimine and Sym-Triazine Derivatives

95

Electromagnetic Effects Requirements for Systems.

... the effect of MBH on steam generator crevice corrosion; model boiler test results show that MBH is effective against denting corrosion and Alloy 600 ...

96

A novel procedure for assessing the effects of drugs on satiation in baboons: effects of memantine and dexfenfluramine

This standard establishes requirements, verification criteria, and contractor tasks for electromagnetic effects protection of airborne, ground, and support systems. These effects include electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic interference, lightni...

1993-01-01

97

[Occupational harmful effects in descalers and deburrers in the metallurgical industry].

RationaleProcedures for studying the effects of medications on satiation will assist the development of obesity medications.ObjectivesFull Text Available

2008-09-01

98

Thermal Effects on Thin Laser-Peened Ferritic-Martensitic Samples

PMID:5089231

1971-03-01

99

The effects of nozzle geometry on waterjet breakup at high Reynolds numbers

Abstract not provided

2007-05-17

100

The effectiveness of storage and relocation options in renewable energy systems

Not Available

2003-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

101

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: JUL

2008-01-01

102

The Emergence of Behavioral Testing of Fishes to Measure Toxicological Effects

The Effects of Drying Conditions on the Germination Properties of Rapeseed

Full Text Available

2009-03-01

103

The Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on the Growth of Important Crops

Full Text Available

2009-02-01

104

The Destruction Effects of Semiconductors by High Power Electromagnetic Wave

Full Text Available

1998-04-01

105

Synthesis and antimicrobial effects of colloidal silver nanoparticles in chitosan by?-irradiation

Full Text Available

2007-09-01

106

Superconductors for Power Transmission and Distribution

Not Available

2010-04-01

107

ScienceCinema

...the effects of global warming ...

108

Studies on the Effect of Spices and Flavoring on Ascorbic Acid content

Some effects of the plasma nitriding process on layer properties

Full Text Available

1974-03-01

109

Search for Medicinal Plants on Improvable Effect of Intestinal Microflora

Not Available

1992-09-01

110

Screening of Multifunctional Bacteria with Biocontrol and Biofertilizing Effects

Full Text Available

2007-02-01

111

Remifentanil-induced pronociceptive effect and its prevention with pregabalin.

Full Text Available

2011-08-01

112

Remark on the effect of varying density of states in superconducting A-15 compounds

Full Text Available

2011-03-01

113

Recoil Effects of Neutron-Irradiated Metal Permanganates

Not Available

1982-03-01

114

Physical Characteristics and Antagonistic Effect of Ampelomyces

Full Text Available

1988-06-01

115

Monitoring station for medical effects of exposure during radiation accidents

Full Text Available

2009-12-01

116

Evaluation of Subway Induced Vibration Effects on Building Structures

Short communication.

1995-04-06

117

Effects of Preemptive Gabapentin on Postoperative Pain after Mastectomy

Full Text Available

2008-10-01

118

Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica on Lipidperoxide and cholesterol level

Full Text Available

2004-10-01

119

Effects of Licorice on Embryonic and Fetal Development in Rats

Full Text Available

2003-12-01

120

Effects of Antioxidant and Flavor Compionents of Zingiber mioga Rosc

Full Text Available

2005-12-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

121

Effectiveness of Selective Peripheral Denervation for the Treatment of Spasmodic Torticollis

Full Text Available

2007-06-01

122

Effect of processing route on the composition and properties of hemp fibre

Full Text Available

2005-11-01

123

Effect of chelate rigidity on in vivo radioimmunoconjugate distribution

Full Text Available

124

Effect of Spices on the Growth of Pathogenic Bacteria

Short note.

1991-01-01

125

Effect of Spices on hepatic microsomal enzyme function in mice

Full Text Available

1997-08-01

126

Effect of Garlic on the Digestion of Beef Protein during Storage

Full Text Available

1984-06-01

127

Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Growth of Human Cell Lines

Full Text Available

1991-10-01

128

Distribution of Photovoltaic Energy Including Topography Effect

Full Text Available

2001-10-01

129

Development of a Cost Effective Radio Communication System for UAS

Full Text Available

2011-04-01

130

Clinical effectiveness of antidepressants and antipsychotics in chronic benign pain.

Full Text Available

2008-06-01

131

Antioxidative Effects of Chitosan Meat Sausage

PMID:1354044

1992-01-01

132

Antioxidative Effect of Ethanol Extract for 5 Kinds of Spice

Full Text Available

2001-06-01

133

An Effective Grid Resource Management Model Based on Cloud Computing Platform

Full Text Available

2004-11-01

134

An Aplication Effect of UV-Absorbent on The Indigo Dyed Products

Not Available

2011-02-01

135

14 MeV neutron irradiation effects on window materials

Full Text Available

1999-08-01

136

The effects of organosulfur compounds upon the storage stability of Jet A fuel

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

137

The Effects of Flame Retardant Combinations in PVC ...

This study examined the effect of sulfur-containing compounds on the storage stability of Jet A

1981-01-01

138

The Effect of the Temperature to Which the Material is Heated ...

... Title : The Effects of Flame Retardant Combinations in PVC-Epoxidised Natural Rubber Miscible Blends: Antimony Trioxide in Combination with ...

1989-03-01

139

Heavy Metals Effect on Animal Cells

... The Effect of the Temperature to Which the Material is Heated on the Process of Formation of Intermetallic Compounds in Magnetic Pulse Welding,. ...

1980-09-01

140

Effects of Pentobarbital Anesthesia on Survival, 'Escherichia ...

Studies of the Superheavy-metal Effect as a Stress-factor on Protein Biosynthesis and Cytoskeleton Integrity in Animal Cells

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

141

Effect of dietary constituents on the absorption of lead in the human

... Title : Effects of Pentobarbital Anesthesia on Survival, 'Escherichia coli' Clearance, Glucose and Leukocyte Concentration in Dogs Subjected to ...

1978-08-28

142

Effect of Yttrium on the Microstructure of Titanium Alloys,

... biological effects body burden diet intestinal absorption lead lead 203 man

1983-03-01

143

EFFECTS OF SHIELDING ON PROPERTIES OF EDDY ...

... Title : Effect of Yttrium on the Microstructure of Titanium Alloys,. ... The yttrium was added in the melting stage as an oxide or in the elemental form. ...

144

Diaphragm Rupture Effects on an Expanding Flow in a Tube.

... Accession Number : ADD323869. Title : EFFECTS OF SHIELDING ON PROPERTIES OF EDDY CURRENT PROBES WITH FERRITE CUP CORES. ...

1986-08-01

145

Coherency Effects on Retinal Neural Processes (ERG) of ...

... The fundamental problem of diaphragm rupture was studied experimentally to determine the effects on an expanding flow in an evacuated tube. ...

1972-08-01

146

Learning Effect and Standardization Effect in NPP's Construction

... Accession Number : ADA111683. Title : Coherency Effects on Retinal Neural Processes (ERG) of Pseudemys. Descriptive ...

1981-12-01

147

Effective medium theory of the one-dimensional resonance phononic crystal

This paper describes the learning effect and standardization effect in the nuclear power construction, analyses their influence degree on nuclear power economics. Furthermore, the paper provides the ideas on how to improve the economics of nuclear power through implementing the learning effect and standardization effect. The paper also concludes that the learning rate in China is better than the average value in the world by analysis actual example. (authors)

2009-09-01

148

Physical mechanism in the free-electron laser

A general theoretical scheme to describe the effective modulus and mass density for acoustic metamaterials is presented. For such a purpose, an effective medium theory of a one-dimensional acoustic waveguide containing subwavelength-sized Helmholtz resonators is formulated. It is shown that, when the wavelength is much larger than the periodic length and the size of the resonators, the whole composite structure can be treated as an effective homogeneous medium in accounting for its acoustic properties. It is also shown that the acoustic characteristics, such as the effective modulus and the effective mass density, can be determined precisely from the transmission and the reflection data. The calculated effective modulus and effective mass density confirm that this structure behaves as a homogeneous metamaterial with a negative ...

2008-02-06

149

Ionising radiation. Part 2

In this paper some physical mechanisms are described, which determine some new free-electron laser configurations. These mechanisms comprise some physical effects of the radiant emission of an electron beam at the interaction with the medium it is crossing. They are based on the Cherenkov effect, Smith-Purcell effect, optical klystron, Rumakhov effect and limited interaction effect. (Author).

1992-09-21

150

Effects of gamma irradiation on physiological effectiveness of Korean medicinal herbs

A brief tutorial on the health effects of ionising radiation is presented. The distinction between somatic and genetic health effects is explained. The two types of somatic health effects, i.e., acute and chronic effects, are discussed, as well as the concepts of ''deterministic'' and ''stochastic'' (also called ''probabilistic'') health effects. The possibility of cancer caused by DNA damage is discussed. The document ends with the definition of some key radiation terms.

2000-11-01

151

The effects of exercise and stress on the survival and maturation of adult-generated granule cells

Effects of gamma irradiation on the physiological effectiveness of Korean medicinal herbs were investigated. The physiological effectiveness including antioxidant and anticomplement function, nitrite scavenging and electron donating ability of Korean medicinal herbs by gamma irradiation at 10 kGy did not differ from that of the nonirradiated control.

1999-03-01

152

TJ-41 Induces Apoptosis and Potentiates the Apoptotic Effects of 5-FU in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Stress strongly inhibits proliferation of granule cell precursors in the dentate gyrus, while voluntary running has the opposite effect. Few studies, however, have examined the possible effects...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

153

Mouse model predicts effects of smoking and varenicline on event-related potentials in humans

Recent studies suggest that TJ-41, a herbal drug, possesses chemotherapeutic effects. Accordingly, this study was undertaken to investigate the anticarcinogenic effects of TJ-41 on human breast cancer...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

154

Memory effect in air in the presence of vacuum breakdown mechanism

Background:Nicotine alters auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) in rodents and humans and is an effective treatment for smoking cessation. Less is known about the effects of...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

155

Health effects of urea formaldehyde foam insulation: evidence of causation.

Investigation of memory effects in air at 0.7 mbar pressure in the presence of vacuum electrical breakdown mechanism has been performed in this paper. The memory effect has been followed using the time delay method.

2008-07-01

156

Epidemiological survey of the effects of low level radiation dose: a comparative assessment

Studies of health effects of urea formaldehyde foam insulation (UFFI) were critically reviewed by means of accepted rules for evidence of causation. Three categories of health effects were examined:...Full Text Available

1986-04-01

157

Effects of calcium supplementation on bone density in healthy children: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

This volume presents the collations tables of a six volume comparative epidemiological survey of the effects of low level radiation dose. Data are collated for the effects observed in the following irradiated groups:- Preconception irradiation, intra-uterine irradiation, childhood irradiation, adult irradiation. (UK).

1993-10-01

158

Cost-Effectiveness of an Opportunistic Screening Programme and Brief Intervention for Excessive Alcohol Use in Primary Care

Objectives To assess the effectiveness of calcium supplementation for improving bone mineral density in healthy children and to determine if any effect is modified by other factors and...Full Text Available

2006-10-14

159

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Proposed Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Metal Products and Machinery Industry (Phase 1).

BackgroundEffective prevention of excessive alcohol use has the potential to reduce the public burden of disease considerably. We investigated the cost-effectiveness of Screening...Full Text Available

160

Beneficial Effect of a Short-Acting NO Donor for the Prevention of Neointimal Hyperplasia

This cost-effectiveness analysis supports the proposed effluent limitations guidelines and standards for the Metal Products and Machinery Industry (MP and M) Phase I Industry. The report assesses the cost-effectiveness of five regulatory options for indir...

1995-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

161

Assessing the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of adaptive e-Learning to improve dietary behaviour: protocol for a systematic review

Nitric oxide (NO)-based therapies effectively inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in animal models of arterial injury and bypass grafting, but are not available clinically. We created a simple, effective,...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

162

Adding effect sizes to a systematic review on interventions for promoting physical activity among European teenagers

BackgroundThe composition of habitual diets is associated with adverse or protective effects on aspects of health. Consequently, UK public health policy strongly advocates dietary...Full Text Available

163

New concepts in risk assessment for patients with radiological treatment

This commentary adds effect sizes to the recently published systematic review by De Meester and colleagues and provides a more detailed insight into the effectiveness of interventions to promote physical...Full Text Available

164

CT colonography and cost-effectiveness

In radiation risk assessment it must be differentiated between somatic and genetic effect on the one hand as well as between stochastic and non-stochastic effect on the other. According to definitions of the ICRP report 26 the limit for the dose equivalent of all tissues prevents non-stochastic radiation effects. With stochastic radiation effects probably exist no threshold doses; therefore the ALARA principle must be applied concerning radiation protection. The individual risk by stochastic radiation effects in its linear, linear-quadratic and quadratic extrapolations, respectively, is discussed in detail. The effective stochastic dose equivalent (H/sub eff/) as well as collective dose and collective damage are outlined.

1986-01-01

165

VIGILANCE, PREDATION RISK, AND THE ALLEE EFFECT IN DESERT BIGHORN SHEEP

CT colonography (CTC) is increasingly advocated as an effective initial screening tool for colorectal cancer. Nowadays, policy-makers are increasingly interested in cost-effectiveness issues. A number of studies assessing the cost-effectiveness of CTC have been published to date. The majority of findings indicate that CTC is probably not cost-effective when colonoscopy is available, but this conclusion is sensitive to a number of key parameters. This review discusses the findings of these studies, and considers those factors which most influence final conclusions, notably intervention costs, compliance rates, effectiveness of colonoscopy, and the assumed prevalence and natural history of diminutive advanced polyps. (orig.)

2008-11-15

166

Toxicological properties of lead.

... 2004)068[0519:VPRATA]2.0.CO;2 VIGILANCE, PREDATION RISK, AND THE ALLEE EFFECT IN DESERT ... revealed that predation risk (as es...

167

Technology Improvement Pathways to Cost-Effective Vehicle Electrification: Preprint

The pathological effects of lead on the renal, nervous, reproductive, endocrine, and immune systems have been reviewed. Emphasis is placed on reported subclinical effects due to chronic, low-level lead...Full Text Available

1977-08-01

168

THE BALDWIN EFFECT AND GENETIC ASSIMILATION: REVISITING TWO MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE MEDIATED BY PHENOTYPIC ...

This paper evaluates several approaches aimed at making plug-in electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) cost-effective.

2010-02-01

169

Strong-interaction effect measurements in sigma hyperonic atoms of W and Pb

... 1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00203.x THE BALDWIN EFFECT AND GENETIC ASSIMILATION: REVISITING TWO MECHANISMS OF ... to phenotypic plast...

170

Size Effects in Impact Damage of Composite Sandwich Panels Alan ...

Strong-interaction effects have been observed in the x-ray spectra of atoms formed with [Sigma][sup [minus

1993-03-01

171

Saturation effects at LHC energies

Wade. Jackson. - Army. VTD at NASA. Langley. ABSTRACT. Panel size has a large effect on the impact response and resultant damage level of honeycomb sandwich ...

172

Possible health effects of working with VDUs.

Within the framework of a modified Balitsky-Kovchegov equation, we calculated and provide estimates of non-linear saturation effects expected in the LHC range of energies.

2005-01-01

173

Mechanism of viscosity effect on magnetic island rotation

A summary of the effects presented here is given in the table. The designation "factor present" implies that there is knowledge (from human or animal studies, or both) of a specific factor(s) present...Full Text Available

1989-04-01

174

Influence of nebivolol on anticonvulsant effect of lamotrigine

It is shown that plasma viscosity does not influence the magnetic island rotation directly. Nevertheless, it leads to nonstationarity of the plasma velocity. This nonstationarity is the reason of the viscosity effect on island rotation. (author)

2000-04-01

175

Objective:The present study describes the effect of nebivolol (NBV) either alone or in combination with lamotrigine (LTG) using increasing current electroshock seizures...Full Text Available

2009-02-01

176

Human factors

Flame Retardant Effects in PVC-Epoxidised Natural Rubber ...

This is a presentation on Human Factors in reactor operations. It discusses issues that deal with power plant operations, training and design, operational effectiveness and safety, supporting people to achieve effective and error free performance.

2002-07-01

177

Extracellular Signaling through the Microenvironment: A Hypothesis Relating Carcinogenesis, Bystander Effects, and ...

... Title : Flame Retardant Effects in PVC-Epoxidised Natural Rubber Miscible Blends: Halogen and Non-Halogen Based Additives,. Corporate Author : ...

1989-03-01

178

Efficacy and adverse effects of intravenous lignocaine therapy in fibromyalgia syndrome

... Extracellular Signaling through the Microenvironment: A Hypothesis Relating Carcinogenesis, Bystander Effects, and Genomic InstabilityMary Helen Barcellos-Hoff1a ... ...

179

Effects of phenoxybenzamine on bladder neck opening1

BackgroundTo investigate the effects of intravenous lignocaine infusions (IV lignocaine) in fibromyalgia.MethodsProspective study...Full Text Available

180

Effects of Yttrium Microalloying on the Epitaxial Grain Growth ...

A study of the effects of the action of phenoxybenzamine on bladder neck opening during micturition is reported. Twenty patients with symptoms of prostatism but minimal prostatic enlargement were studied....Full Text Available

1980-05-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

181

Effect of ginger on gastric motility and symptoms of functional dyspepsia

... Accession Number : ADA137272. Title : Effects of Yttrium Microalloying on the Epitaxial Grain Growth in Ti-6Al-4V Weld Fusion Zones. ...

1983-10-01

182

Effect of gamma radiation and bag packaging materials on the development of Dermestes maculatus De Geer (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) in sword fish

AIM: To evaluate the effects of ginger on gastric motility and emptying, abdominal symptoms, and hormones that influence motility in dyspepsia.METHODS: Eleven patients with functional dyspepsia...Full Text Available

2011-01-07

183

Effect of Roller Profile on Cylindrical Roller Bearing ... - GLTRS - NASA

... EFFECT OF GAMMA RADIATION AND BAG PACKAGING MATERIALS ON

1998-06-01

184

Effect of Registration on Cyclical Kinematic Data

J.V. Poplawski and Associates, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. Effect of Roller Profile on Cylindrical. Roller Bearing Life Prediction. NASA/TM2000-210368 ...

185

Effect of Deforestation on a Southwest Ghana Dung Beetle Assemblage (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) at the Periphery of ...

Given growing interest in Functional Data Analysis (FDA) as a useful method for analyzing human movement data, it is critical to understand the effects of standard FDA procedures, including...Full Text Available

2010-08-26

186

Diagnostics of Radionuclides Effects Results

... 1081:EODOAS]2.0.CO;2 Effect of Deforestation on a Southwest Ghana Dung Beetle Assemblage (Coleoptera: ... The survey provided a...

187

Cooperative Effects on Transient Spectral Hole Burning

Development of New Methods and Means of Assessing of Consequences of Radionuclide and Heavy Metal Salt Effect, Criteria of Forecasting Physiological State and Productivity of the Farm Animals under Conditions of Ecological Pollution of Environment

188

Cooperative Charging Effects of Fibers From Electrospinning ...

... of Dist SpeA tI/ __LLL5' Page 5. 3 the coherent effects on the spontaneous radiation, we calculate the pump- field-induced ...

1992-06-01

189

Contamination Effects of Satellite Material Outgassing ...

... In the Proceedings of INTC 2003, we studied charging effects on target coverage during electrospinning (16). ... of Fibers from Electrospinning of ...

2005-01-05

190

Camouflage Patterns-Effects of Size and Color.

... A detailed analysis of QCM errors is ... Surface Effects of Satellite Outgassing Products." AIAA Journal ... 9. Rauschenbach, H. S. Solar Cell Array Design ...

1990-12-01

191

Biological radiation effects

... CAMOUFLAGE PATTERS- EFFECTS OFSIZE AND COL0R.-(U I'. * ... Camouflage, survei.Ilance, countersurveiliance, vi~sion, color ...

1979-07-01

192

Atmospheric Scintillation Effects on Electromagnetic Weapons

The stages of processes leading to radiation damage are studied, as well as, the direct and indirect mechanics of its production. The radiation effects on nucleic acid and protein macro moleculas are treated. The physical and chemical factors that modify radiosensibility are analysed, in particular the oxygen effects, the sensibilization by analogues of nitrogen bases, post-effects, chemical protection and inherent cell factors. Consideration is given to restoration processes by excision of injured fragments, the bloching of the excision restoration processes, the restoration of lesions caused by ionizing radiations and to the restoration by genetic recombination. Referring to somatic effects of radiation, the early ones and the acute syndrome of radiation are discussed. The difference of radiosensibility observed in mammalian cells and main observable alterations in tissues and organs are commented. ...

1976-01-01

193

An Intrinsic Baldwin Effect in the H Beta Broad Emission Line in the Spectrum of NGC 5548

... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Atmospheric Scintillation Effects on Electromagnetic Weapons 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. ...

2008-12-01

194

A framework for evolutionary systems biology

We investigate the possibility of an intrinsic Baldwin effect (i.e., nonlinear emission-line

2003-01-01

195

http://jr.chemwatch.net/ausmud/msds.exe?mode=SAP&cwno=4902-93&c

BackgroundMany difficult problems in evolutionary genomics are related to mutations that have weak effects on fitness, as the consequences of mutations with large effects are often...Full Text Available

196

Wastenet

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS

197

[The effect of ascorbic acid on a new urine test strip for the detection of erythrocytes].

[Effects of anaerobic and aerobic exercises in athletes on the variation of the parameters of oxygen transport systems during different seasons of the year].

PMID:7177024

1982-11-01

198

Water-Soluble Prodrug of Anti-Microtubule Agent Plinabulin: Effective Strategy with Click Chemistry.

PMID:18472586

199

Therapeutic effects of topical application of ozone on acute cutaneous wound healing.

PMID:21956869

2011-09-29

200

Therapeutic Effects of Bergenin and Acetylbergenin on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Full Text Available

2009-06-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

201

The intrinsic nature of the Baldwin effect

Full Text Available

2000-12-01

202

The effect of Allium sativum L. extract on hepatic function in rats with $CCl_4$-induced (hepatic) injury

The relationship between the fluxes of the two strongest UV emission lines and flux in the continuum

1992-01-01

203

The anti-inflammatory effects of ulinastatin in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock.

Full Text Available

2010-05-01

204

The Essentials of Mathematics, Grades 7-12 Effective Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment

Full Text Available

2010-01-01

205

The Enzymatic Regulatory Effects of Laninaria japonica Fucoidan Extract in Hepatotoxicity

The Essentials of Mathematics, Grades 7-12

2006-01-01

206

The Effects of Integrated Environmental Experience Program on Environmental Attitude of Elementary Schoolers

Full Text Available

2006-12-01

207

The Effects of Additions of In & Sb on Resistivity & Sensitivity in Tin Oxide Gas Sensors

Full Text Available

2010-12-01

208

The Effect of Self-esteem, Academic Achievement and Family Functioning of Adolescents on Hope

Full Text Available

1992-11-01

209

The Effect of Radiated Electromagnetic Wave by Digital Modulation Signals on the Electronic Devices

Full Text Available

2001-01-01

210

The Effect of Garlic and Medicinal Plants Extracts on the Liver Function and Lipid Metabolism of Rats Administered with Alcohol

Full Text Available

2011-02-01

211

The Effect of Additional Mobilization with Conservative Physical Therapy in Patients with Frozen Shoulder on ROM and Subjective Pain Scale

Full Text Available

2009-05-01

212

The Damage of Microcontroller Devices due to Coupling Effects under High Power Electromagnetic Wave by Magnetron

Full Text Available

2009-11-01

213

The Acute Effect of Trimetazidine on the High Frequency Fatigue in the Isolated Rat Diaphragm Muscle

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

214

Temperature and vital effect controls on Bamboo coral (Isididae) isotopegeochemistry: A test of the "lines method"

Full Text Available

2004-06-01

215

THE EFFECTS OF ONE MEGACYCLE ULTRASONIC ...

Abstract not provided

2011-03-01

216

THE EFFECT OF FIBRE MISALIGNMENT ON THE ...

... ULTRASONIC VIBRATION TO PORTLAND CEMENT-WATER PASTE REDUCES THE ULTIMATE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF MORTARS ...

1959-09-09

217

Symposium (International) (4th) on DETONATION Held at ...

... and testing of unidirectional composites, there are serious doubts about the possibility of obtaining a true ultimate compressive strength for this kind ...

218

Surface radiation effects on natural convection cooling of discrete heat source in an open-top cavity

... 442 RHF Stresau CONFINEMENT EFFECTS IN EXPLODING BRIDGEWIRE INITIATION OF DETONATION ..... ...

1965-10-15

219

Statistical cut-off criterion

Short communication.

1995-08-14

220

Some comments on BEIR III

... radiation effects human populations low dose irradiation neoplasms radiation

1980-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

221

SAXS studies of the injection molding effects on the nanostructure of polyesters. I. Polybutylene terephthalate (Pbt)

... organizations irradiation radiation doses radiation effects RADIATIONS.

1982-01-01

222

Regrinding Effect of Flat End-Mill Tool for Recycling of Tungsten Carbide (WC-Co) Material

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-01

223

Reaction-diffusion effects on species mixing rates in turbulent premixed methane-air combustion

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

224

Radioprotective effect of fish products

No abstract prepared.

2009-06-01

225

Radiological equipment for emergencies

New fish cans were prepared in the Institute of Fish Industry, Burgas (BG), containing pectin and additives. A biological experimental study was conducted to investigate the decontaminating effect of the new products. The results demonstrated no decontaminating effect in relation to radiocesium and radiostrontium. A pronounced prophylactic effect was observed in case of external irradiation, judged by endogenous spleen colonies. (author).

1993-12-02

226

Radiative Heat Transfer Augmentation in Gas-Fired Radiant Tube Burners by Porous Inserts: Effect of Insert Geometry

A brief guide to training and equipment needed to effectively manage victims of radiation accidents. (DT)

1985-01-01

227

Radiation technology of wood-plastic composite materials

Not Available

1993-07-01

228

Radiation effects on the shoot tip culture of chrysanthemum

... radiation effects RADIATIONS. WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES.

1981-10-02

229

RESEARCH PAPERS : AN EFFECT OF THE REDUCTION OF TOXICITY USING BICARBONATE CATALYST ON WASTEWATER

Japanese (Mar 1974). Japan Mabuchi, Toshio Kuwada, Hikaru . Kagawa Univ.,

230

Protective effects of Opuntia ficus-indica on Glutathione and Antioxidative Enzyme

Full Text Available

2004-06-01

231

Protective and therapeutic effects of swimming exercise training on diabetic peripheral neuropathy of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Full Text Available

2003-12-01

232

Protective Effects of Acetylbergenin against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

PMID:19169052

2008-11-01

233

Protective Effect of Some Medicinal Plants on tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Keratinocytes

Full Text Available

2001-04-01

234

Prevention of Alloxan-induced Diabetes by Se-Methylselenocysteine Pretreatment in Rats: The Effect on Antioxidant System in Pancreas

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

235

Potentiation of Antitumor Effect of Radiotherapy by Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-$\\alpha$

Full Text Available

2009-06-01

236

Positive effects of methylphenidate on inattention and hyperactivity in pervasive developmental disorders: an analysis of secondary measures.

Full Text Available

1998-09-01

237

Peristaltic flow of a couple stress fluid under the effect of induced magnetic field in an asymmetric channel

PMID:17276750

2007-02-15

238

POTENTIATION BY PENTOBARBITAL OF THE PROTECTIVE ...

Not Available

2011-01-01

239

PRODUCT NAME BARITE

Wastenet

the low levels of crystalline silica in this product, chronic health effects are not anticipated with normal

240

On the effects of boron and phosphorus primary impurities in p-type silicon material for solar cells

... Accession Number : AD0268549. Title : POTENTIATION BY PENTOBARBITAL OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF AET AGAINST GAMMA RAYS. ...

1961-10-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

241

On the Relationship between Typhoon Intensity and Formation Region: Effect of Developing and Decaying ENSO

Not Available

1979-01-01

242

New physics effects on Higgs production at #gamma##gamma# colliders

Full Text Available

2008-02-01

243

Magnetic field effect on fluid flow characteristics in a pipe for laminar flow

We study heavy physics effects on the Higgs production in #gamma##gamma# fusion using the effective Lagrangian approach. We find that the effects coming from new physics may enhance the standard model predictions for the number of events expected in the final states b-barb, WW, and ZZ up to one order of magnitude, whereas the corresponding number of events for the final state t-bart may be enhanced up to two orders of magnitude.

1996-02-20

244

Linear Analysis of the In-Phase and Out-of-Phase Stability Behavior of a Natural Circulation Reactor: Upscaling Effects

Full Text Available

2011-02-01

245

Influences of B Number Effect on the Burning Rate of Solid Fuel in Single Port Hybrid Rocket

Not Available

2007-02-01

246

Inertial Dynamic Effect on the Rates of Diffusion-Controlled Ligand-Receptor Reactions

Full Text Available

2008-03-01

247

Individual or combined effects of enalapril and verapamil on chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in rats.

Full Text Available

2011-08-01

248

In-vivo study on the harmful effect of the extremely low frequency unipolar pulsating magnetic field in mice.

Full Text Available

1999-12-01

249

Implantation-plasma treatment of martensitic steel and titanium alloy

Full Text Available

1997-04-01

250

Impairing Effects of Acute Glucose Overload on Calcium Homeostasis in Vascular Endothelial Cells

One of the effective methods of deep modification of the surface of steels and alloys is the combination of ion implantation and plasma nitriding. In this work, the long-range effect is demonstrated in the case of combination of the effect of high- and low-energy ions of nitrogen on a martensitic steel for each ion implantation is usually not effective, and a titanium alloy used widely in industry.

2001-07-01

251

Ignition and Flame Propagation of Solid Fuel with Radiation Effect in a Cylindrical Combustor

Full Text Available

1998-12-01

252

Flood Routing Analysis Considering the Effects of Dams in Han River

Full Text Available

2001-02-01

253

Ferromagnetism in Mn-doped GaAs layers: Effects of laser annealing

Full Text Available

2005-09-01

254

Epoxidised natural rubber/silica hybrid nanocomposites by sol-gel technique: Effect of reactants on the structure and the properties

The properties of Mn-doped GaAs layers grown by laser deposition were investigated with measurements of Hall effect and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). The electrical and magnetic parameters of the layers were defined by growth temperature and quantity of sputtered Mn. It was shown that room-temperature ferromagnetism is revealed by MOKE and, after ruby laser 25 ns pulse annealing, by Hall effect measurements.

2006-05-15

255

Environmental Effects on Oil Pipelines

Not Available

2005-01-01

256

Enhancement of Whitening Effects of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Extracts by Ultra High Pressure

Determination of the Ecology Factor for the Magistral Oil Pipelines, Working in Difficult Hilly and Geology Conditions

257

Enhancement of Antioxidant Activities and Whitening Effect of Acer mono Sap Through Nano Encapsulation Processes

Full Text Available

2011-04-01

258

Effects of thyroxine on hyperkalemia and renal cortical Na+, K+ - ATPase activity induced by cyclosporin A.

Full Text Available

2011-06-01

259

Effects of the Feeding Mixture of Mushrooms and Vegetables Oils on the Lipid Component and Fatty Acid Composition of Liver in Rats

Full Text Available

2002-10-01

260

Effects of the Excitation Level on the Dynamic Characteristics of Electrical Cabinets of Nuclear Power Plants

Full Text Available

1994-10-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

261

Effects of season and body condition score on lipid metabolism and oxidative status of periparturient dairy cows

Full Text Available

2010-06-01

262

Effects of positive and negative stretching on the structure and properties of polyacrylonitrile fibers in the pre-oxidation process

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

263

Effects of extracts of medicinal plants in the parasitaemia of Trypanosoma cruzi and in the biodistribution of the technetium-{sup 99m}

Full Text Available

2011-06-01

264

Effects of Treatment According to Tattoo Color, Site and Duration with the Q-Switched Alexandrite Laser

No abstract prepared.

2008-10-15

265

Effects of Traditional Salt on the Quality Characteristics and Growth of Microorganisms from Kimchi

Full Text Available

266

Effects of Single or Mixed Supplements of Plant Extract, Fermented Medicinal Plants and Lactobacillus on Growth Performance in Broilers

Full Text Available

2010-02-01

267

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Growth, Pigments and Leaf Surface Morphology of the Seedlings of Amaranthus tricolor L.

Full Text Available

2007-09-01

268

Effects of Restricted Feeding during Growing Period on Laying Performance and Egg Quality in Layers

Full Text Available

1994-08-01

269

Effects of Polymerization and Spinning Conditions on Mechanical Properties of PAN Precursor Fibers

Full Text Available

2008-03-01

270

Effects of Oxygen Enrichment on the Structure of Premixed Methane/Fluorinated Compound Flames

Full Text Available

2010-09-01

271

Effects of Nitric Oxide Donor Supplementation on Copper Deficient Embryos and Nitric Oxide-Mediated Downstream Signaling

Full Text Available

2011-08-01

272

Effects of Medicinal Plants on the Quality and Physiological Functionalities of Traditional Ginseng Wine

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

273

Effects of MeV ion irradiation on crystallization of amorphous Ge films

Full Text Available

2007-06-01

274

Effects of Liming on Uptake to Crops of Heavy Metals in Soils amended with Industrial Sewage Sludge

Short communication.

1995-12-31

275

Effects of Horseback Riding Simulation Machine Training on Gross Motor Function for the Children with Cerebral Palsy

Full Text Available

2002-03-01

276

Effects of Gas Flow Ratio on the Properties of Tool Steel Treated by a Direct Current Flasma Nitriding Process

Full Text Available

2010-05-01

277

Effects of Fish Oil and Some Seed Oils on Lipid Composition of Serum in Rats

Full Text Available

2005-10-01

278

Effects of Fish Oil and Some Seed Oils on Fatty Acid Compositions of Liver and Brain Tissue in Rats

Full Text Available

1991-08-01

279

Effects of Exposure Period on the Developmental Toxicity of 2-Bromopropane in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Full Text Available

1991-10-01

280

Effects of Elevated Atmospheric $CO_2$ Concentrations on Soil Microorganisms

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

281

Effects of Electric Current Stimuli and High-Voltage Electric Field Treatments on Brown Rice Germination

Full Text Available

2004-12-01

282

Effects of Dissolved Oxygen on Fungal Morphology and Process Rheology During Fed-Batch Processing of Ganoderma lucidum

Full Text Available

2010-04-01

283

Effects of Different Dietary Oils on Hepatic Mitochnodial Lipid Composition and Adenine Nucleotide Translocase Activity in Rat

Full Text Available

2010-04-01

284

Effects of Dietary Korean Mistletoe on Performance and Blood Characteristics in Broilers

Full Text Available

1993-07-01

285

Effects of Dietary ?-Fatty Acids on the Fatty Acid Composition of Pork and Plasma Lipids in Swine

Full Text Available

2007-06-01

286

Effects of Dehydration Methods and Storage Conditions on Germinability of Pelleted Carrot Seeds

Full Text Available

2007-05-01

287

Effects of Coulomb and kaon nuclear potentials on soft K{sup +} production from nuclei

Full Text Available

2009-04-01

288

Effects of Concrete and Wood Building Environments on Pregnant Dams and Embryo-Fetal Development in Rats

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

289

Effects of Callophyllis japonica powder on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

Full Text Available

2009-12-01

290

Effects of Calcium Supplementations on Mineral Metabolism during Pregnancy with Calcium-Deficient Young Adult Rats

Full Text Available

2005-09-01

291

Effects of Ca Supplementation on Mineral Metabolism during Pregnancy and Lactation of Calcium-Deficient Young Adult Rats

Full Text Available

2003-06-01

292

Effective dose equivalent in nuclear medicine investigations

Full Text Available

2004-07-01

293

Effect on the Quality Characteristics of Korean Traditional Wines with the Addition of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)

... radiation hazards hazards health hazards MEDICINE. SOMATICALLY

1984-05-07

294

Effect of the medicinal plant Echinacea purpurea on the bioavailability of the radiopharmaceutical {sup 99M}TC-sodium pertechnetate

Full Text Available

2006-12-01

295

Effect of the Toluene Administration on the Liver Damage in Rats Fed Low or Standard Protein Diet

No abstract prepared.

2008-10-15

296

Effect of the Mixing Extraction of Perilla Seed and Peanut on Physicochemical Characteristics and Oxidative Stability of Perilla Oil

Full Text Available

1996-12-01

297

Effect of simulated Acid Rain on the Morphology and Enzyme of Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara

Full Text Available

1999-12-01

298

Effect of outside air ventilation rate on volatile organic compound concentrations in a call center

Full Text Available

1996-04-01

299

Effect of nitric oxide on endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis, protein synthesis and energy metabolism

No abstract prepared.

2003-04-01

300

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

ATPase, endoplasmic reticulum, calcium, ischaemia

2000-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

301

Effect of equal channel angular pressing on the deformation behaviour of magnesium alloy AZ31 under uniaxial compression

Effect of Zinc-Enriched Yeast Supplementation on Serum Zinc and Testosterone Concentrations in Ethanol Feeding Rats

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

302

Effect of Weight and Apllied Force on the Friction Coefficient of the Spunlace Nonwoven Fabrics

Full Text Available

2008-07-01

303

Effect of TIBA, PCIB and phloroglucinol on somatic embryo maturation and germination in Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis)

Full Text Available

2010-04-01

304

Effect of Supplementation with Docosahexaenoic Acid from Gestation to Adulthood on Spatial Learning Performance in Rat

Full Text Available

2009-09-01

305

Effect of Ondansetron Alone and Combination of Naltrexone and Ondansetron on Alcohol Intake in C57BL/6 Mice

Full Text Available

2007-10-01

306

Effect of Nitrite and Nitrate as the Source of OH Radical in the O3/UV Process with or without Benzene

Full Text Available

2007-11-01

307

Effect of Milling Medium Materials on Mechanical Alloying of Mo-65.8at%Si Powder Mixture

Full Text Available

2011-08-01

308

Effect of Low Night Temperature on Reproductive Organ Development in Relation to Pollen Viability of Bell Pepper

Full Text Available

1997-09-01

309

Effect of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Leaf Powder on the Quality Characteristics of Chicken Patties in Refrigerated Storage

Full Text Available

2009-05-01

310

Effect of KI on improving copper corrosion inhibition efficiency of benzotriazole in sulfuric acid electrolytes

Full Text Available

2011-02-01

311

Effect of Inorganic Fillers on the Properties of Hydrated PAN Melt(I) -Rheological Properties of Hydrated PAN Melt-

A synergistic effect exists when benzotriazole (BTAH) and iodide ions are used together to prevent the corrosion of copper in sulfuric acid. The nature of this effect has been studied systematically by using electrochemical techniques and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synergistic effect is due largely to the formation of a film of Cu(IBTA) complex and is probably polymeric in nature. This new complex film greatly depresses copper dissolution.

1993-10-01

312

Effect of High Omega-3 Fish Intake on Lipid Peroxidation

Full Text Available

2000-10-01

313

Effect of Heat Treatment on CO2 Adsorption of Ammonized Graphite Nanofibers

Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Lipid Peroxidation

2011-05-31

314

Effect of Heat Treatment of Garlic Added Diet on the Blood of Spontaneously Hypertension Rat

Full Text Available

2010-03-01

315

Effect of Garlic and Medicinal Plants Composites on Antioxidant Activity and Lipid Levels of Liver in Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Full Text Available

1997-02-01

316

Effect of Extracelluar Matrix on Cell-Surface Interactions and Growth of Cardiomyocyte(HL-1)

Full Text Available

2009-12-01

317

Effect of Ethanol-pretreatment on the Liver Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Xylene-treated Rats

Full Text Available

2010-01-01

318

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Acanthopanax senticosus and Eucommia ulmoides on Antioxidant Defense System in Laying Hens

Full Text Available

1998-08-01

319

Effect of Dietary Protein on the Changes of Lipoprotein Fractions in Carbon Tetrachloride-Treated Rats

Full Text Available

2010-03-01

320

Effect of Dietary Energy, Protein on Growth and Blood Composition of Cross Bred Chicks

Full Text Available

1993-04-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

321

Effect of Dietary Anti-oxidant Supplementation on Telomere Length and Egg Quality in Laying Hens

Full Text Available

2008-09-01

322

Effect of Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate on Sphingolipid Metabolic Enzymes in Rat Liver

Full Text Available

2008-09-01

323

Effect of Cyclohexanone Treatment on the Activities of Oxygen Free Radical Metabolizing Enzyme in the Liver Damaged Rats

Full Text Available

2011-09-01

324

Effect of Cyclohexane Treatment on the Liver Damage in CCl4-Pretreated Rats

Full Text Available

2002-06-01

325

Effect of Cyclohexane Treatment on Serum Level of Glutathione S-Transferase Activity in Liver Damaged Rats

Full Text Available

2003-06-01

326

Effect of Circadian Rhythms on the Xylene Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Rats

Full Text Available

2003-06-01

327

Effect of Chitosan Solution on the Inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens Causing Bacterial Head Rot of Broccoli

Full Text Available

2001-06-01

328

Effect of Chemical Treatment of Teflon Powder on the Properties of Polyamide 66/Teflon Composites Prepared by Melt Mixing

Full Text Available

2010-06-01

329

Effect of Carbon Source Consumption Rate on Lincomycin Production from Streptomyces lincolnensis

Full Text Available

2011-06-01

330

Effect of COY(Cooking Oil and Yolk Mixture) on Control of Tetranychus urticae

Full Text Available

2004-06-01

331

Effect of Bubbles on Liquid Nitrogen Breakdown in Plane-Plane Electrode Geometry From 100-250 kPa

Full Text Available

2008-09-01

332

Effect of Bisphenol A Administration on Reproductive Toxicant of Dam and Sex Ratio of Pups in Pregnant Mice

Not Available

2011-06-01

333

Effect of Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory from Hydrolysate of Soybean Protein Isolate

Full Text Available

2005-06-01

334

EFFECT OF SHIP ATTITUDE AND SHIP MOTION ON PRIMARY COOLANT SYSTEM FLOW RATES. Appendix A: DERIVATION OF EFFECT OF ANGULAR ACCELERATION ON DRIVING HEAD IN A NATURAL CIRCULATION REACTOR

Full Text Available

2010-01-01

335

EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURE ON THE STRENGTH ...

Analytical techniques for analyzing the effects of ship motion and attitude on the primary coolant system flow rates are presented. Design data for minimizing these effects are given. (C.J.G.)

1960-01-24

336

Conversion gain in a Josephson effect mixer

... THE STRENGTH, TOUGHNESS, AND STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF A METASTABLE BETA TITANIUM ALLOY (Ti-11. ...

1970-02-01

337

Contribution to the radiation preparation of wood-plastic materials. Pt. 7

United States Taur, Y. Claassen, JH Richards, PL Department of Physics,

338

Contribution to the radiation preparation of wood-plastic materials. Pt. 6

... odd nuclei organic compounds radiation effects radioisotopes synthesis

1974-01-01

339

Contribution to the radiation preparation of wood-plastic materials Pt. 3

... compounds polymers polyolefins polyvinyls radiation effects SYNTHESIS.

1974-01-01

340

Continuous Strategy Development for Effects-Based ...

... compounds plants radiation effects radioisotopes reaction kinetics trees

1974-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

341

Climate Change: The Role of Particles and Gases

... BAE Systems Advanced Information Technologies, Inc. APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED. ...

2006-02-01

342

ScienceCinema

...global warming ...the effects of global warming ...also the ? that global warming ...

343

Capsaicin induced apoptosis and the enhanced anticancer effect of anticancer drugs in cancer cells

Calculation of some energetic parameters of astatine compounds

Full Text Available

2008-03-01

344

CRC handbook of biological effects of electromagnetic fields

... astatine complexes astatine compounds coulomb energy effective charge

345

Biophotonics and Bone Biology

This book presents the current knowledge about the effects of electromagnetic fields on living matter. The three-part format covers dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of biological materials; effects of direct current and low frequency fields; and effects of radio frequency (including microwave) fields. The parts are designed to be consulted independently or in sequence, depending upon the needs of the reader. Useful appendixes on measurement units and safety standards are also included.

1986-01-01

346

Antiproliferation Effects of Germinated-Korean Rough Rice Extract on Human Cancer Cells

One of the more-serious side effects of extended space flight is an accelerated bone loss

2004-01-01

347

Antiproliferation Effects of Ethanol and Water Extracts from Germinated Rough Rice

Full Text Available

2010-03-01

348

Antioxidative Activity and Nitrite Scavenging Effect of the Composites Containing Medicinal Plant Extracts

Full Text Available

2010-08-01

349

Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects of Agrimony (Agrimonia pilosa L.) and Chinese Lizardtail (Saururus chinensis Baill)

Full Text Available

2007-08-01

350

Antioxidant Effect of Oil Containing Cellulase-Treated Red Ginseng.

Full Text Available

2008-06-01

351

Antimutagenic effects of browning products reacted with polyphenol oxidase extracted from peach

Full Text Available

2008-03-01

352

Antimicrobial Effect of Medicinal Plants against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Full Text Available

1992-04-01

353

Antihyperglycemia Effect of Medicinal Plants Mixture in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Full Text Available

2007-03-01

354

Antidiabetic Effects of Leaves Extracts of Psidium guajava L. and Lagerstroemia speciosa L. in STZ-induced Rats

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

355

Anti-Oxidative Effects of Ulva lactuca Extract Fractions Against CCl4 Toxification

Full Text Available

2009-01-01

356

Analysis of the Effect of Water Budget Elements on Flow Duration Characteristics using SWAT-Nak Dong

Full Text Available

2006-12-01

357

An analytical study of linear and non-linear double diffusive convection with Soret and Dufour effects in couple stress fluid

Full Text Available

2007-03-01

358

Ameliorating Effect of Capsaicin on Alterations in Lipid Metabolism during Mice Lung Carcinoma

Not Available

2007-09-01

359

Addition of electronic prescription transmission to computerized prescriber order entry: Effect on dispensing errors in community pharmacies.

Full Text Available

2009-02-01

360

APOPTOSIS INDUCER HAVING NEW INHIBITORY EFFECT ON INTRACELLULAR PARASITIC MICROORGANISM

PMID:21200064

2011-01-15

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

361

J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

2006-11-10

362

ADULT ACQUIRED TOLERANCE TO HOMOGRAFTS.

A study of the Baldwin effect in the IUE data set

... The effectiveness of immune suppression with both 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate was insufficient to permit induction of a clinically useful ...

1967-07-31

363

A numerical analysis of reaction-diffusion effects on species mixing rates in turbulent premixed methane-air combustion

The paper investigates the controversial relation between the continuum luminosity and the C IV 1550 emission-line strength in the spectra of quasars, commonly referred to as the Baldwin effect, as a possible indicator of absolute luminosity. It is concluded that the Baldwin effect does represent a physical correlation between the continuum and the C IV 1550 equivalent width rather than a consequence of selection effects. In addition to the C IV results, a similar relation is found for the Lyman-alpha emission line. 38 refs.

1990-07-01

364

A Study of the Histological Effects of Garlic Extract in a Liver-damage Rat Model

No abstract prepared.

2009-05-01

365

A STUDY ON THE AIR SCREEN IN WATER 1. Experiments on the Air Screen Effects for Driving and Intercepting Fish School

Full Text Available

2010-08-01

366

A Numerical Study on a Circulation Control Foil using Coanda Effect

Full Text Available

1972-06-01

367

A Comparative Study About the Effect of Nonablative Laser and Thermal energy on Rabbit Knee Joint Capsular Properties

Full Text Available

2000-05-01

368

The importance of axial effects for borehole design of geothermal heat-pump systems

Full Text Available

2001-06-01

369

Numerical analysis of methane-air combustion considering radiation effect

This paper studies the effects of axial heat conduction in boreholes used in geothermal heat pump systems. The axial effects are examined by comparing the results obtained using the finite and infinite line source methods. Using various practical design problems, it is shown that axial effects are relatively important. Unsurprisingly, short boreholes and unbalanced yearly ground loads lead to stronger axial effects. In one example considered, it is shown that the borehole length is 15% shorter when axial conduction effects are considered. In another example dealing with underground water freezing, the amount of energy that has to be removed to freeze the ground is three times higher when axial effects are considered. (author)

2010-04-15

370

Numerical analysis of methane-air combustion considering radiation effect

Turbulent premixed methane-air combustion in a cylindrical chamber is numerically simulated considering radiation effect. Reaction rates are considered as minimum rates between Arrhenius rates and eddy break up rates. A five step reduced mechanism is used. Turbulent modeling is done via standard k-{epsilon} model imposed by empirical inlet boundary conditions. Source terms of energy equation consist of reaction rates and radiation effects. The discrete ordinate method (DOM) is employed to solve the radiative transfer equation (RTE) and the weighted sum of gray gas model (WSGGM) is imposed to consider radiation effect of non-gray gases. The results indicate that in the case of turbulent combusting flows, the effect of radiation of gases can affect the temperature and species concentrations. The numerical results obtained considering radiation effect are closer to the experimental ...

2008-12-15

371

Biological effects of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range

Turbulent premixed methane-air combustion in a cylindrical chamber is numerically simulated considering radiation effect. Reaction rates are considered as minimum rates between Arrhenius rates and eddy break up rates. A five step reduced mechanism is used. Turbulent modeling is done via standard k-? model imposed by empirical inlet boundary conditions. Source terms of energy equation consist of reaction rates and radiation effects. The discrete ordinate method (DOM) is employed to solve the radiative transfer equation (RTE) and the weighted sum of gray gas model (WSGGM) is imposed to consider radiation effect of non-gray gases. The results indicate that in the case of turbulent combusting flows, the effect of radiation of gases can affect the temperature and species concentrations. The numerical results obtained considering radiation effect are closer to the experimental data than ...

2008-12-01

372

Afferent mechanisms of microwave-induced biological effects. Annual report, 1 June 1985-31 May 1986

The book examines current experimental and clinical knowledge concerning the biological and biophysical effects of electromagnetic radiation, particularly that in the microwave range. The biophysical bases of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter are reviewed with emphasis on biological systems, and the effects of radiation on critical biological systems, including the nervous, reproductive, visual and blood-forming systems are compared. Data concerning the lethal effects of nonionizing radiation is presented and characteristics of the effects of electromagnetic radiation on the whole mammalian organisms are examined. Various reactions of the neuroendocrine system to electromagnetic radiation are described, with particular attention given to the adrenal system, and the combined effects of ionizing and microwave radiation in the flight environment are discussed. ...

1980-01-01

373

Effect of humidity in a mixture on combustion (Part 1). Effect on laminar burning velocity

Effects of 2450-MHz circularly polarized microwave irradiation on central nervous system functions were studied. Pulsed (microsecond, 500 pps) microwaves decreased high-affinity sodium-dependent choline uptake in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of the rat. The effect on hippocampal choline uptake was blocked by pretreatment with narcotic antagonists. Continuous-wave microwaves of the same power density decreased choline uptake in the frontal cortex only. Furthermore, it was found that the effects of pulsed microwaves on central cholinergic activity are classically conditionable to cues in the exposure environment. The hypothesis that some of the neurological effects of pulsed microwave irradiation are caused by its effect on the auditory system was investigated. Effects of pink noise and pulsed microwaves were compared.

1986-07-01

374

The benefits of low level radiation

In order to investigate the effect of humidity on laminar burning velocity(S), the effect of humidity on the combustion reaction and radiation intensity was studied, taking account of dilution gases such as CO/sub 2/ and Ar which has the approximately identical characteristics to exhaust gas circulation(EGR) gas used to prevent NOx discharge from engines. According to the heat reaction theory, mean specific heat(C) of mixture, mean molecular weight(M) and adiabatic flame temperature(T) etc. were said to affect S but from experimental results, the effect of M and C could be ignored, compared with the effect of T. The relationship between S and H/sub 2/O, Ar of CO/sub 2/% in mixture of diluted gases was clarified. The effect of H/sub 2/O on S was mainly caused by changes of T. The effect of radical C/sub 2/, CH and OH on radiation intensity was similar to that of ...

1987-08-25

375

Nucleon and meson effective masses in the relativistic mean-field theory

The assumed linear relationship between exposure to radiation and cancer incidence is questioned in this article. The current research data on radiation effects at the cellular level is reviewed, as are epidemiological studies of background radiation effects and health effects of populations exposed to low levels of radiation exposure via employment or medical treatments. Statistics reveal that threshold levels currently in force need to be reviewed. Some evidence of beneficial effects of low level radiation exposure effects of low level radiation exposure is also presented, and so regulations should be reviewed at an international level. (UK).

1997-06-01

376

Nucleon and meson effective masses in the relativistic mean-field theory

Nucleon and meson effective masses in the nonlinear relativistic mean-field theory introducing a nonlinear {omega}-{rho} and {sigma} coupling motivated by the quark-meson coupling model is explored. It is shown that, in contrast to the usual Walecka model, not only the effective nucleon mass m{sub eff,N} but also the effective {sigma},{rho} meson masses (m{sub eff{sigma}},m{sub eff,{rho}}) and the effective {omega} meson mass m{sub eff,{omega}} are nucleon density dependent. (author)

2001-10-01

377

Gravitational Waves and the Sagnac Effect

Nucleon and meson effective masses in the nonlinear relativistic mean-field theory introducing a nonlinear #omega#-#rho# and #sigma# coupling motivated by the quark-meson coupling model is explored. It is shown that, in contrast to the usual Walecka model, not only the effective nucleon mass m_e_f_f_,_N but also the effective #sigma#,#rho# meson masses (m_e_f_f_#sigma#,m_e_f_f_,_#rho#) and the effective #omega# meson mass m_e_f_f_,_#omega# are nucleon density dependent. (author)

2001-10-01

378

Effects of focused ion beam milling on the nanomechanical behavior of a molybdenum-alloy single crystal

We consider light waves propagating clockwise and other light waves propagating counterclockwise around a closed path in a plane (theoretically with the help of stationary mirrors). The time difference between the two light propagating path orientations constitutes the Sagnac effect. The general relativistic expression for the Sagnac effect is discussed. It is shown that a gravitational wave incident to the light beams at an arbitrary angle will not induce a Sagnac effect so long as the wave length of the weak gravitational wave is long on the length scale of the closed light beam paths. The gravitational wave induced Sagnac effect is thereby null.

2003-01-01

379

Transuranium isotopes production and their effect on the three-dimensional core calculation

Nanoindentation was performed on a Mo-alloy single crystal to investigate effects of focused ion beam (FIB) milling on mechanical behavior. On a non-FIB-milled surface, pop-ins were observed on all load-displacement curves corresponding to a transition from elastic to plastic deformation. Similar pop-ins were not detected on surfaces subjected to FIB milling. This difference indicates that FIB milling introduces damage that obviates the need for dislocation nucleation during subsequent deformation. A second effect of FIB milling is that it increased the surface hardness. Together, these effects could be the source of the size effects reported in the literature on micropillar tests.

2007-09-10

380

Transuranium isotopes production and their effect on the three-dimensional core calculation

The operation of a nuclear power reactor necessarily implies the consumption or burnup of reactor fuel by fission and capture, which gives rise to a decrease in the reactivity of the reactor. The effect of americium formation on the criticality of a thermal power reactor using two types of fuel is studied. The three-dimensional core calculation is used to calculate the production of the transuranium isotopes and their effect on the effective multiplication factor (K[sub eff]). This effect cannot be neglected for thermal power reactors with UO[sub 2]-PuO[sub 2] fuel (3.11% after 70 weeks of operation). The effect of the transuranium isotopes on the K[sub eff] for a thermal power reactor with UO[sub 2] fuel is about 0.0018% and can be ignored. (author).

1993-02-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

381

Psychological ownership and affective reaction: Emotional attachment process variables and the endowment effect

The operation of a nuclear power reactor necessarily implies the consumption or burnup of reactor fuel by fission and capture, which gives rise to a decrease in the reactivity of the reactor. The effect of americium formation on the criticality of a thermal power reactor using two types of fuel is studied. The three-dimensional core calculation is used to calculate the production of the transuranium isotopes and their effect on the effective multiplication factor (K_e_f_f). This effect cannot be neglected for thermal power reactors with UO_2-PuO_2 fuel (3.11% after 70 weeks of operation). The effect of the transuranium isotopes on the K_e_f_f for a thermal power reactor with UO_2 fuel is about 0.0018% and can be ignored. (author).

382

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This research proposes that the concept of emotional attachment, and specifically the independent constructs of psychological ownership and affective reaction, can help explain many of the endowment effect findings documented in the literature. We define these constructs and then test them across a set of nine studies in which we both replicate previous and generate new endowment effect findings, and then show that psychological ownership and affective reaction can mediate the effects. In doing so, we offer direct empirical support for the idea of emotional attachment as a driver of loss aversion while also providing practitioners and future endowment effect researchers with new insights about the psychological processes that underlie the endowment effect.

2011-01-01

383

Optical effects of fine-particle carbon on urban atmospheres

Numerical evaluation of effective unsaturated hydraulic properties for fractured rocks

The effects of fine-particle C, such as diesel soot, on the optical properties of urban haze in the visible wavelength range were explored to determine the dominant effects and to see if simple parameters (such as visual range in green) provide an adequate measure of these effects. It is known that fine-particle C absorbs more strongly in the blue than in the red, so that when it is mixed with a white pigment, the resulting gray can appear somewhat brown. The possibility of a similar effect in urban hazes was investigated, but found not to occur. When the sun is overhead, the near-horizon sky chromaticities caused by mixtures of fine-particle C and non-absorbing aerosol can also be produced by non-absorbing aerosols alone. It is shown that absorbing aerosol will darken the horizon sky, and a simple equation for the radiance of the horizon sky is derived. The effect of absorbing ...

1986-01-01

384

Locally resonant acoustic metamaterials with 2D anisotropic effective mass density

To represent a heterogeneous unsaturated fractured rock by its homogeneous equivalent, Monte Carlo simulations are used to obtain upscaled (effective) flow properties. In this study, we present a numerical procedure for upscaling the van Genuchten parameters of unsaturated fractured rocks by conducting Monte Carlo simulations of the unsaturated flow in a domain under gravity-dominated regime. The simulation domain can be chosen as the scale of block size in the field-scale modeling. The effective conductivity is computed from the steady-state flux at the lower boundary and plotted as a function of the averaging pressure head or saturation over the domain. The scatter plot is then fitted using van Genuchten model and three parameters, i.e., the saturated conductivity K{sub s}, the air-entry parameter {alpha}, the pore-size distribution parameter n, corresponding to this model are considered as the effective K{sub s}, ...

2009-01-01

385

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A two-dimensional (2D) lattice model with anisotropic resonant microstructures is found to provide an anisotropic band gap structure. A 2D continuum with anisotropic effective mass density is introduced to represent this lattice system. Two methods are proposed to derive the equivalent continuum. In the first method, the effective mass density of the equivalent continuum is obtained by matching the dispersion relations for harmonic waves propagating in the principal directions. The second approach employs an approximate estimation of the effective mass density by volume-averaging an effective mass that represents the resonant microstructure. For both equivalent continuum models, the effective mass density is frequency-dependent and may become negative in certain frequency ranges. Subsequen...

2011-01-01

386

Hepatoprotective and anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects of glycyrrhizin and matrine

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Matrine (Mat), a component extracted from Sophora flavescens Ait, has a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. Glycyrrhizin (Gly), a major active constituent of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root, has various pharmacological effects. Gly and Mat are ancillary drugs used clinically in China for protection of liver function and treatment of tumors. However, habitual administration of Gly may cause adverse effects marked by the development of pseudohypercorticosteroidism. This work was designed to see whether combination use of Gly and Mat could offer better liver protective and anti-hepatocarcinogenic effects than Gly or Mat alone, and whether it could reduce the adverse effects of Gly alone by acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity, diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, inductio...

2009-01-01

387

Field tests on partial embedment effects (embedment effect tests on soil-structure interaction)

Effective dose equivalent concept in radiopharmaceutical dosimetry

A series of Model Tests of Embedment Effect on Reactor Buildings has been carried out by the Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation (NUPEC), under the sponsorship of the Ministry of International Trade and lndustry (MITI) of Japan. The nuclear reactor buildings are partially embedded due to conditions for the construction or building arrangement in Japan. It is necessary to verify the partial embedment effects by experiments and analytical studies in order to incorporate the effects in the seismic design. Forced vibration tests, therefore, were performed using a model with several types of embedment. Correlated simulation analyses were also performed and the characteristics of partial embedment effects on soil-structure interaction were evaluated. (author)

1993-08-15

388

Effective dose equivalent concept in radiopharmaceutical dosimetry

The Effective Dose Equivalent Concept defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection in 1977 considers the risk from irradiation including both hereditary and somatic effects. This paper will deal with the definition of a concept for somatic effects only, the somatically significant dose equivalent. This is defined as the dose equivalent which if received by every member of the population, would be expected to produce the same total somatic injury to the population as does the actual dose equivalent received by various individuals. The somatically effective dose equivalent for a particular radiopharmaceutical is the weighted sum of the average dose equivalent to various organs. The dose equivalent to various organs can be derived from an extended MIRD formalism also considering the rest of body excluding the source volumes and the re iden e times in total body and the target organs. ...

1981-06-01

389

Cost-effectiveness analysis for proposed effluent limitations guidelines and standards for the coastal subcategory of the oil and gas extraction point source category

The Effective Dose Equivalent Concept defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection in 1977 considers the risk from irradiation including both hereditary and somatic effects. This paper will deal with the definition of a concept for somatic effects only, the somatically significant dose equivalent. This is defined as the dose equivalent which if received by every member of the population, would be expected to produce the same total somatic injury to the population as does the actual dose equivalent received by various individuals. The somatically effective dose equivalent for a particular radiopharmaceutical is the weighted sum of the average dose equivalent to various organs. The dose equivalent to various organs can be derived from an extended MIRD formalism also considering the rest of body excluding the source volumes and the re iden e times in total body and the target organs. ...

390

A hybrid solar desalination process of the multi-effect humidification dehumidification and basin-type unit

The analysis is submitted in support of the effluent limitations guidelines and standards for the Coastal Oil and Gas Industry. The report analyzes the cost-effectiveness of 10 regulatory options organized by three wastestreams. The document compares the total annualized cost incurred for each of the regulatory options within each wastestream to the corresponding effectiveness of that option in reducing the discharge of pollutants. Section Two discusses the cost-effectiveness methodology used and identifies the pollutants included in the analysis, presenting their toxic weighting factors and removal efficiencies. Section Three presents the results of the analysis. In Section Four, the cost-effectiveness values are compared to cost-effectiveness values for other promulgated rules. Appendix A presents data on pollutants, pollutant removals, annualized costs, and other, more detailed ...

1995-01-01

391

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper presents a hybrid solar desalination process of the multi-effect humidification dehumidification and the basin-type unit. The sketch of the hybrid solar desalination process is given. The solar vacuated tube collector is employed in the desalination system, multi-effect humidification dehumidification desalination (HDD) process is plotted according to pinch technology, and then the water rejected from multi-effect HDD process is reused to desalinate in a basin-type unit further. The gain output ratio (GOR) of this system will rise by 2?3 at least through reusing the rejected water. The research proves that the multi-effect HDD has much room to be improved. A hybrid solar desalination process of the multi-effect humidification dehumidification and the basin-type unit should be no...

2008-01-01

392

Health effects models for nuclear power plant accident consequence analysis. Modification of models resulting from addition of effects of exposure to alpha-emitting radionuclides: Revision 1, Part 2, Scientific bases for health effects models, Addendum 2

X-ray dose enhancement effects

The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has sponsored several studies to identify and quantify, through the use of models, the potential health effects of accidental releases of radionuclides from nuclear power plants. The Reactor Safety Study provided the basis for most of the earlier estimates related to these health effects. Subsequent efforts by NRC-supported groups resulted in improved health effects models that were published in the report entitled {open_quotes}Health Effects Models for Nuclear Power Plant Consequence Analysis{close_quotes}, NUREG/CR-4214, 1985 and revised further in the 1989 report NUREG/CR-4214, Rev. 1, Part 2. The health effects models presented in the 1989 NUREG/CR-4214 report were developed for exposure to low-linear energy transfer (LET) (beta and gamma) radiation based on the best scientific information available at that time. Since the 1989 report was ...

1993-05-01

393

Uncovering the Mechanisms of Estrogen Effects on Hippocampal Function

A brief description of the physical process of dose enhancement effects produced by X-ray radiation on materials is given, with emphasis on the influence on electronic devices. The damages caused by X-ray radiation dose enhancement is more serious than that of #gamma#-ray with higher energy.

394

Toxic Effects of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate on Metabolic Activity, Growth Rate, and Microcolony Formation of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira Strains

Estrogens have direct effects on the brain areas controlling cognition. One of the most studied of these regions is the dorsal hippocampal formation, which governs the formation of spatial and...Full Text Available

2008-05-01

395

The impact of water intake on energy intake and weight status: a systematic review

Strong inhibitory effects of the anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on four strains of autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are reported. Two Nitrosospira...Full Text Available

2001-06-01

396

The effects of thiamin on lead metabolism: organ distribution of lead 203.

The effects of consuming water with meals rather than drinking no beverage or various other beverages remains under-studied. This systematic review of English language studies compared the effects...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

397

The effects of an HIV project on HIV and non-HIV services at local government clinics in urban Kampala

The effect of thiamin on the organ distribution of lead was evaluated in CD-1 mice exposed intragastrically or intraperitoneally to a single dose of lead acetate (100 micrograms) containing 100 microCi...Full Text Available

1992-07-01

398

The effect of lipopolysaccharide on bovine mammary macrophage function.

BackgroundHIV/AIDS is a major public health concern in Uganda. There is widespread consensus that weak health systems hamper the effective provision of HIV/AIDS services. In recent...Full Text Available

399

The effect of diphenylhydantoin on thyroxine metabolism in man

The effect of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules by bovine mammary macrophages was examined. The ability of LPS-treated...Full Text Available

1991-07-01

400

The Mechanism and the Magnitude of Flow Boiling Augmentation in Tubes with Discrete Surface Roughness Elements (III).

The effect of 5,5′-diphenylhydantoin on thyroxine metabolism was examined in five normal volunteers. Intravenous injection of radiothyroxine was followed by a 10-12 day control and subsequent...Full Text Available

1970-06-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

401

The Effect of Reference Signals in a Visual Vigilance Task.

Related to other research on the effectiveness of flow boiling heat transfer augmentation using various types of turbulators this investigation comprises a definitive study of the effect of large discrete roughness elements on heat transfer over the entir...

1972-01-01

402

The Effect of O2, H2O, and N2 on the Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of an Alpha + Beta Titanium Alloy at 24 C and 177 C

The effect of reference signals on performance in a visual vigilance task was studied under three conditions. Reference signals were presented on the same display as the real signals. In condition 1 (control), no reference signals were displayed. Sugbject...

1969-01-01

403

The Effect of Live Classical Piano Music on the Vital Signs of Patients Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgery

To study the effects of atmospheric species on the fatigue crack growth behavior of an a+B titanium

2001-01-01

404

The Effect of Lindane Formulations on Tissue Residues in Barrows and on Stillbirths in Sows

ContextMusic and surgery.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of live classical piano music on vital signs of patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery.DesignRetrospective...Full Text Available

405

The Effect of Different Timber Harvesting Techniques on Plethadontid Salamander Populations.

The potential effect of lindane and its formulations on stillbirths and abortion in pregnant sows was investigated. One of four formulations of lindane were applied at five times the registered dosage...Full Text Available

1986-01-01

406

THE EFFECTS OF RESPONSE EFFORT ON SAFE PERFORMANCE BY THERAPISTS AT AN AUTISM TREATMENT FACILITY

This investigation will explore the effect that current timber extraction techniques have on plethadontid salamander populations in ... group selection, and two-age harvest. Broad scale timber extraction can d...

407

Some aspects of the pharmacology of an homologous series of choline esters of fatty acids

The effects of response effort on safe behaviors (i.e., glove wearing, hand sanitizing, and electrical outlet replacement) exhibited by therapists at an autism treatment center were examined. Participants...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

408

Sexual differentiation of the zebra finch song system: potential roles for sex chromosome genes

The pharmacological effects of a series of fatty acid-choline esters have been studied on the isolated rabbit heart, the isolated guinea-pig ileum and the rat stomach. The effect changed with increasing...Full Text Available

1957-03-01

409

Sequential effects in two-choice reaction time tasks: Decomposition and synthesis of mechanisms

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that some sex differences in brain and behavior might result from direct genetic effects, and not solely the result of the organizational effects...Full Text Available

410

Seasonal and Annual Variation in Activity in Wild Male Meadow Voles (Microtus Pennsylvanicus).

Performance on serial tasks is influenced by first- and higher-order sequential effects, respectively due to the immediately previous and earlier trials. As response-to-stimulus interval (RSI)...Full Text Available

2009-09-01

411

Reproductive Success of Cavity-nesting Birds Breeding under High-voltage Powerlines

Project ZEUS was designed to characterize the effects of long-term gamma irradiation on free-ranging meadow voles, and to determine the lowest level of radiation at which biological effects are discernible in the population. Behavioural tests are consider...

1980-01-01

412

Protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract from rhizomes of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. on compensated right heart failure in rats

... biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produced by high-voltage transmission lines have come under intense scrutiny, mostly with respect ... biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs...

413

Project resumes: biological effects from electric fields associated with high-voltage transmission lines

BackgroundThe rhizomes of Cynodon dactylon are used for the treatment of heart failure in folk medicine. In the present study, we investigated the effects of hydroalcoholic...Full Text Available

414

Prevention and treatment of functional and structural radiation injury in the rat heart by pentoxifylline and alpha-tocopherol

Abstracts of research projects are presented in the following areas: measurements and special facilities; cellular and subcellular studies; physiology; behavior; environmental effects; modeling, scaling and dosimetry; and high voltage direct current. (ACR)

1980-01-01

415

Phase transitions in the soliton star model

PurposeRadiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a severe side effect of thoracic radiotherapy. This study examined the effects of PTX and α-tocopherol on...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

416

Pharmacologically Induced Hypogonadism and Sexual Function in Healthy Young Women and Men

The aim of this paper is to obtain the effective potential of the non-topological soliton model at finite temperature with the assumption that the chemical potential {mu} of the system is different from zero and to analyse how the effective potential is influenced by changes in the chemical potential and temperature. (author)

1998-01-01

417

On the temperature dependence of the level density parameter and its effect upon neutron evaporation spectra

Studies fail to find uniform effects of age-related or induced hypogonadism on human sexual function. We examined the effects of induced hypogonadism on sexual function in healthy men and women...Full Text Available

2009-02-01

418

On the chiral effective meson-baryon Lagrangian at third order{sup *}

Effects associated with the temperature dependence of the level density parameter, a(T), are investigated in connection with neutron evaporation processes. Different approximations, for this temperature dependence, are compared for the case of neutron emission from the compound nucleus /sup 209/Pb.

1987-07-01

419

Near-infrared spectroscopy technique to evaluate the effects of red blood cell transfusion on tissue oxygenation

We show that the recently constructed complete and ''minimal'' third-order meson-baryon effective chiral Lagrangian can be further reduced from 84 to 78 independent operators. (orig.)

2006-09-15

420

Microsoft Word - VAT reduction final report.doc

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions on muscle tissue oxygenation, oxygen metabolism and microvascular reactivity in...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

421

Wastenet

3 Effectiveness of reduced VAT rates 1.4 Indirect effects 1.5 Administrative and compliance costs ...3 United Kingdom 31 ... 3.Case study: Central heating boilers

422

Long-term effects of inhaled uranyl nitrate in rats

Localization and Toxic Effects of Cadmium, Copper, and Uranium in Azolla¹

Rats were exposed to aerosols of "2"3"3U and "2"3"2U nitrate in a study of the long-term biological effects. Preliminary radiation dose estimates show lung > skeleton > kidney in each dose group.

1977-05-01

423

Immediate and residual effects in man of the metabolites of diazepam

The storage and distribution of copper, cadmium, and uranium and their effects on ionic contents in roots and shoots of Azolla filiculoides has been studied by x-ray microanalysis....Full Text Available

1988-09-01

424

Healthy worker effect in the total Finnish population.

1 Immediate and residual effects of diazepam and its metabolites on visuomotor co-ordination have been studied in man. Performance was observed from 10.0-16.0 h after overnight ingestion...Full Text Available

1978-10-01

425

The selection due to the "healthy worker effect" was estimated from a random sample of the total Finnish population. The sample of 20 000 people was followed for changes in occupations from 1960 to...Full Text Available

1980-05-01

426

Health effects of air pollutants: sulfuric acid, the old and the new.

Objective To compile and evaluate the evidence on the effects on health and social outcomes of computer based peer to peer communities and electronic self support groups, used by people...Full Text Available

2004-05-15

427

H-1152 Effects on Intraocular Pressure and Trabecular Meshwork Morphology of Rat Eyes

Data from exposure of experimental animals and human subjects to sulfuric acid presents a consistent picture of its toxicology. Effects on airway resistance in asthmatic subjects were well predicted...Full Text Available

1989-05-01

428

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of the Rho-kinase inhibitor, H-1152, on cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells, TM morphology,...Full Text Available

2008-08-01

429

Guidelines on exchangers

Genetic association between the COMT genotype and urinary levels of tea polyphenols and their metabolites among daily green tea drinkers

Experience has shown that a list of tips provides designers and engineers with an effective guide in their areas of duties and concern. This list contains new and rare information on heat exchangers and heat recovery systems. The information presented can be used effectively with personal computers and pocket calculators and also conveniently translated into computer programs and nomographs.

1985-08-01

430

Gender differences in metformin effect on aging, life span and spontaneous tumorigenesis in 129/Sv mice

Available in vitro and animal studies have shown cancer protective effects of tea polyphenols. Recent study suggests a greater protective effect of green tea intake on breast cancer...Full Text Available

431

Functional and morphological effects of laser-induced ocular hypertension in retinas of adult albino Swiss mice

Studies in mammals have led to the suggestion that hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia are important factors both in aging and in the development of cancer. It is possible that the life-prolonging effects...Full Text Available

432

Flucton model with scaling breaking: EMC effect and lepton pair production on nuclei

PurposeTo investigate the effects of laser photocoagulation (LP)-induced ocular hypertension (OHT) on the survival and retrograde axonal transport of retinal ganglion cells (RGC),...Full Text Available

433

Female rats display dose-dependent differences to the rewarding and aversive effects of nicotine in an age-, hormone-, and sex-dependent manner

The EMS effect is explained in the flucton model as a consequence of scale invariance violation. Nontrivial behaviour of the ratio between structural functions and production cross sections for lepton pairs for different nuclei at x > 1 is predicted.

434

FURTHER EVALUATION OF RESPONSE INTERRUPTION AND REDIRECTION AS TREATMENT FOR STEREOTYPY

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to examine age-, hormone-, and sex-dependent differences to the behavioral effects of nicotine using place-conditioning...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

435

Exposure to nitroaromatic explosives and health effects during disposal of military waste

The effects of 2 forms of response interruption and redirection (RIRD)—motor RIRD and vocal RIRD—were examined with 4 boys with autism to evaluate further the effects of this intervention...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

436

Evaluating noncancer effects of trichloroethylene: dosimetry, mode of action, and risk assessment.

Aims: To investigate the exposure to dinitrotoluene (DNT) and trinitrotoluene (TNT) and the resulting effects in workers which occur during the disposal of military waste. Methods:...Full Text Available

2003-07-01

437

Estimation of effective population sizes from data on genetic markers

Alternatives for developing chronic exposure limits for noncancer effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) were evaluated. These alternatives were organized within a framework for dose-response assessment--exposure:dosimetry...Full Text Available

2000-05-01

438

Erythrocyte transketolase activity in suspected cases of Leigh's disease, or subacute necrotising encephalomyelopathy.

The effective population size (N_e) is an important parameter in ecology, evolutionary biology and conservation biology. It is, however, notoriously difficult to estimate,...Full Text Available

2005-07-29

439

Environmental Effects and Energy Efficiency in Building Design: A Green Building Approach. Part 2. Basic Data for Environmental Effects.

Erythrocyte transketolase activity and the effect of adding thiamine pyrophosphate (% thiamine pyrophosphate effect) were measured in 111 subjects suspected to suffer from Leigh's disease (subacute...Full Text Available

1980-10-01

440

Endocrine and Neurochemical Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and Its Stereoisomers in Rhesus Monkeys

The development of comfort in buildings throughout the centuries was influenced by the demand for progress, wealth and innovation in various respects. At present, it seems that progress may only be possible by taking into account the environment and creat...

1993-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

441

Employing Kirkpatrick's Evaluation Framework to Determine the Effectiveness of Health Information Management Courses and Programs

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is an amphetamine derivative that elicits complex biological effects in humans. One plausible mechanism for this phenomenon is that racemic MDMA is composed...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

442

Efficacy of standard glucose-based and reduced-osmolarity maltodextrin-based oral rehydration solutions: effect of sugar malabsorption.

Evaluation of the impact and effectiveness of courses is necessary so that strengths and weaknesses can be identified and improvements made. This article uses Kirkpatrick's evaluation framework to present...Full Text Available

443

Effects of oxygenated blending compounds on emissions from a turbo-charged direct injection diesel engine

Previously we reported that standard oral rehydration salts (ORS) solution is not as effective as a reduced-osmolarity glucose-based ORS for the treatment of children with acute noncholera diarrhoea:...Full Text Available

1996-01-01

444

Effects of gonadotrophin releasing hormone on reproductive performance of dairy cows with retained placenta.

An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of three different oxygenated compounds, diglyme, diethyl maleate and dibutyl maleate, on emissions from a Volkswagen 1.9 litre, turbocharged, direct injection diesel engine. Sampling was performed using a mini-dilution tunnel technique to obtain particulate matter and a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer for gaseous emissions. The particulate samples were analysed using thermal analysis and Soxhlet extraction to determine the fraction of volatile and soluble organic material respectively. All three oxygenated compounds were found to be effective at reducing particulate emissions, with the maleate compounds being more effective overall than the diglyme. Analysis of the relative contributions of changes in the soot and soluble organic fraction (SOF) to the reduction of particulate matter indicated that, for diethyl maleate and diglyme, reductions ...

2000-02-01

445

Effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the alterations in lung mechanics caused by endotoxemia in the unanesthetized sheep.

The effects of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on the reproductive performance of dairy cows with retained placenta were studied. Three hundred and seventy-eight cows diagnosed as having retained...Full Text Available

1984-10-01

446

Effects of bovine leukemia virus infection on production and reproduction in dairy cattle.

The effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin on lung mechanics, hemodynamics, gas exchange, and lung fluid and solute exchange were studied in 12 chronically instrumented unanesthetized sheep. A possible...Full Text Available

1983-07-01

447

Effects of biotin supplementation on serum biotin levels and physical properties of samples of solar horn of Holstein cows

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection on production, reproduction and longevity in dairy cattle. The study population was a commercial Holstein...Full Text Available

1992-10-01

448

Effects of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide on physical and biochemical properties of the claw horn of Holstein cows

AbstractEffects of dietary biotin supplementation on serum biotin levels and physical properties of sole horn of 40 Holstein cows were evaluated. The mean serum biotin level in biotin-supplemented...Full Text Available

2004-04-01

449

Effects of acute dieldrin exposure on neurotransmitters and global gene transcription in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) hypothalamus

The effects of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide on the physical and biochemical properties of the claw horn of Holstein cows were evaluated. Significant (P < 0.05, 0.01) decreases...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

450

Effects of a community mental health service on the practice and attitudes of general practitioners.

Exposure to dieldrin induces neurotoxic effects in the vertebrate CNS and disrupts reproductive processes in teleost fish. Reproductive impairment observed in fish by dieldrin is likely the...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

451

Effects of Sildenafil and Tadalafil on Intraocular Pressure in Sheep: Implications for Aqueous Humor Dynamics

Recent years have seen closer links developing between general practitioners and mental health specialists. A study was undertaken in Manchester to determine the effects of a new community mental health...Full Text Available

1993-12-01

452

Effects of Perfluorocarbons on surfactant exocytosis and membrane properties in isolated alveolar type II cells

Purpose.To determine the effects of vasodilators on intraocular pressure (IOP) and the protein content of sheep aqueous humor (AH), because the vasodilators may increase fluid leakage...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

453

Effects of Intrathecal Baclofen on Perceived Sexual Functioning in Men With Spinal Cord Injury

BackgroundPerfluorocarbons (PFC) are used to improve gas exchange in diseased lungs. PFC have been shown to affect various cell types. Thus, effects on alveolar type II (ATII) cells...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

454

Effects of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Nude Mice

Background/Objective:Reports in the literature suggest that administration of intrathecal baclofen to control spasticity may have deleterious effects on erectile function...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

455

Effects of Daily Morphine Administration and Deprivation on Choice and Demand for Remifentanil and Cocaine in Rhesus Monkeys

BackgroundDespite numerous treatments available for deteriorated cutaneous wound healing such as a diabetic foot, there is still the need for more effective therapy. Adipose-derived...Full Text Available

2011-05-01

456

Effects of Age on Optical Coherence Tomography Measurements of Healthy Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Macula and Optic Nerve Head

Choice procedures have indicated that the relative reinforcing effectiveness of opioid drugs increases during opioid withdrawal. The demand curve, an absolute measure of reinforcer value, has not been...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

457

Effective Reduced Diffusion-Models: A Data Driven Approach to the Analysis of Neuronal Dynamics

PurposeTo determine the effects of age on global and sectoral peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macular thicknesses and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters...Full Text Available

2009-06-01

458

Effect of structured postgraduate medical education on the care of patients with diabetes.

We introduce in this paper a new method for reducing neurodynamical data to an effective diffusion equation, either experimentally or using simulations of biophysically detailed models. The dimensionality...Full Text Available

2009-12-01

459

Effect of pH and Temperature on Denitrification Gene Expression and Activity in Pseudomonas mandelii?

BACKGROUND. Diabetes can be effectively treated and monitored in general practice. Postgraduate medical education at a local level is required to support this strategic shift of medical care from hospital...Full Text Available

1995-03-01

460

Effect of misonidazole pretreatment on nitrogen mustard-induced DNA cross-linking in mouse tissues in vivo.

Pseudomonas mandelii liquid cultures were studied to determine the effect of pH and temperature on denitrification gene expression, which was quantified by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR....Full Text Available

2009-06-01

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461

Effect of mineral compounds in phosphoric acid polluted by sulfide ions on corrosion of nickel

In the present study we have used the alkaline elution technique to study the effect of misonidazole (MISO) on the initial amount of DNA cross-linking in various normal and neoplastic tissues of C3H...Full Text Available

1984-12-01

462

Effect of long-term caloric restriction on oxygen consumption and body temperature in two different strains of mice

The inhibiting effects of two mineral compounds on corrosion of nickel in phosphoric acid (H[sub 3]PO[sub 4]) polluted by sulfide ions (S[sup 2[minus

1999-06-01

463

Effect of lead on erythrocyte membranes.

The hypothesis, that a decrease in metabolic rate mediates the life span prolonging effect of caloric restriction (CR), was tested using two strains of mice, one of which, C57BL/6, exhibits...Full Text Available

2007-10-01

464

Effect of household and village characteristics on financial catastrophe and impoverishment due to health care spending in Western and Central Rural China: A multilevel analysis

The effect of blood lead on erythrocyte membrane proteins was studied in 28 workers from a scrap lead refining factory and in 18 controls working in railway construction. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide...Full Text Available

1983-05-01

465

Effect of forced swimming stress on in-vivo fertilization capacity of rat and subsequent offspring quality

ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the effect of household and community characteristics on financial catastrophe and impoverishment due to health payment in Western and Central...Full Text Available

466

Effect of dietary monosodium glutamate on trans fat-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

AIMS:This study aimed to determine the effect of 50 days of forced swimming stress on fertilization capacity of rat and subsequent offspring quality.SETTING...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

467

Effect of dietary green tea extract and aerosolized difluoromethylornithine during lung tumor progression in A/J strain mice

The effects of dietary monosodium glutamate (MSG) on trans-fatty acid (TFA)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are addressed in an animal model. We used Affymetrix microarray...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

468

Effect of association processes on polymerization of N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide salts in aqueous solutions

Chemoprevention strategies to prevent the development of lung cancer in at-risk individuals are a key component in disease management. In addition to being highly effective, an ideal chemopreventive...Full Text Available

2008-08-01

469

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of associative interactions of monomers and propagating macroradicals in homopolymerization of N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide salts and their copolymerization with acrylonitrile and acrylamide in aqueous solution was studied.

2010-01-01

470

Effect of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent on Microbial Function and Community Structure in the Sediment of a Freshwater Stream with Variable Seasonal Flow?

Effect of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Agonist (Pioglitazone) and Methotrexate on Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis (Experimental and Clinical Study)

We investigated the effects of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge on the ecology of bacterial communities in the sediment of a small, low-gradient stream in South Australia. The quantification...Full Text Available

2008-05-01

471

Effect of Length of Time before Incorporation on Survival of Pathogenic Bacteria Present in Livestock Wastes Applied to Agricultural Soil

Objective:To investigate the combined effect of both pioglitazone and methotrexate on disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis in a biphasic study; experimental and clinical.Methods:Experimentally:...Full Text Available

472

Effect of Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of Laminated Window Profiles Manufactured Using Two Types of Adhesives

In response to reports that the contamination of food can occur during the on-farm primary phase of food production, we report data that describes a possible cost-effective intervention measure. The...Full Text Available

2004-09-01

473

Effect of Anionic Salt and Highly Fermentable Carbohydrate Supplementations on Urine pH and on Experimentally Induced Hypocalcaemia in Cows

The mechanical properties of laminated window profiles manufactured using two types of adhesives were determined. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of heat treatment on some mechanical...Full Text Available

474

Effect of #gamma#-irradiation on relaxation properties of sealants on organosilicon rubber base

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of dietary grain on calcium homeostasis. Six rumen-fistulated dairy cows with 3 or more previous lactations and no history of parturient...Full Text Available

2004-01-01

475

Ecological relevance of air pollution abatement measures as a decision aid

The dielectrical properties of organosilicon sealants have been studied in the wide range of temperatures in the low and radio frequencies range. The effect of thermal treatment and #gamma#-irradiation on these properties is discussed.

476

EFFECT OF THE DIGENEAN PARASITE PROTEROMETRA MACROSTOMA ON HOST MORPHOLOGY IN THE FRESHWATER SNAIL ELIMIA LIVESCENS

Air pollution abatement measures are not an end in themselves, and undesirable side effects should be taken into account. The proposed emission index takes into account the total emissions caused by a technical project as well as the effects of the individual pollutants.

1983-01-01

477

DISPERSION TOLERANCE CALCULATION FOR NSLS-II.

... 1984; Martin-Mora et al., 1995), and parasitism (Rothschild and Rothschild, 1939; Pesigan et al., 1958; Moose, 1963; Pan, ... effects of digeneans are variable; they may enhance (Rothschild and Rothschild...

478

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Proposed Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Pesticide Manufacturing Industry.

In this paper we discuss the effect on the emittance of the residual dispersion in the insertion devices. The dispersion in the straights could be generated by the lattice error, trim dipole, and insertion device. The effect on the emittance is examined, and the dispersion tolerances are given for the NSLS-11.

2007-06-25

479

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Proposed Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Centralized Waste Treatment Industry.

The report analyzes the cost-effectiveness of two alternative regulatory options: A Treated Discharge Option and a Zero Discharge Option. The report compares the total annualized cost incurred for each of the two regulatory options to the corresponding ef...

1992-01-01

480

Comparison of the Maturation of the Adrenergic and Serotonergic Neurotransmitter Systems in the Brain: Implications for Differential Drug Effects on Juveniles and Adults

This analysis, submitted in support of proposed effluent limitations guidelines and standards for the centralized waste treatment (CWT) industry, investigates the cost-effectiveness of 24 regulatory options, representing all possible combinations of nine ...

1995-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

481

Comparative analysis of cis-regulation following stroke and seizures in subspaces of conserved eigensystems

Our understanding of the development of neurotransmitter systems in the central nervous system has increased greatly over the past three decades and it has become apparent that drug effects...Full Text Available

2007-04-15

482

Characterization of the stimulatory effect of high-fat diets on peroxisomal beta-oxidation in rat liver.

BackgroundIt is often desirable to separate effects of different regulators on gene expression, or to identify effects of the same regulator across several systems. Here, we focus...Full Text Available

483

Changes in health utilities and health-related quality of life over 12 months following radical prostatectomy

1. The effect on rat liver peroxisomal beta-oxidation of feeding diets containing various amounts of dietary oils was investigated. With increasing amounts (5-25%, w/w) of soya-bean oil an apparent,...Full Text Available

1982-08-15

484

CDDO-Me: A Novel Synthetic Triterpenoid for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

Introduction:Although radical prostatectomy (RP) is an effective treatment for prostate cancer, it has potentially deleterious effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL)....Full Text Available

2009-12-01

485

Biomarkers Signal Contaminant Effects on the Organs of English Sole (Parophrys vetulus) from Puget Sound

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal human malignancy with dismal prognosis and few effective therapeutic options. Novel agents that are safe and effective are urgently...Full Text Available

2010-12-01

486

Benzyl carbamyl analogue of lignocaine: vasodepressor mechanism of action.

Fish living in contaminated environments accumulate toxic chemicals in their tissues. Biomarkers are needed to identify the resulting health effects, particularly focusing on early changes at a subcellular...Full Text Available

2006-06-01

487

Attenuation of Cocaine's Reinforcing and Discriminative Stimulus Effects via Muscarinic M₁ Acetylcholine Receptor StimulationS?

1. The benzyl carbamyl analogue of lignocaine [2-(diethylaminoacetamido)-3-carbamyl-4-methyl-5-benzylpyrrole] at an intravenous dose of 4 mg/kg caused a blood pressure decrease of 54 mmHg. 2. A greater hypotensive effect was observed in hypertensive compared to normotensive animals. Anaesthesia magnified the vasodepressor effect in both groups. 3. The analogue did not possess centrally-mediated effects on blood pressure but exerted its hypotensive effect via a peripheral mechanism. 4. The analogue produced a relaxant effect on intestinal and vascular smooth muscle while exerting minimal effects on muscarinic, sympathetic, or ganglionic nicotinic receptors. 5. The analogue exhibited less cardiac depressant action on left ventricular rate (dp/dt) and force of contraction than lignocaine. 6. Lethal effects for the analogue were first observed ...

488

Assessing and Compensating for Zero-lag Correlation Effects in Time-lagged Granger Causality Analysis of fMRI

Muscarinic cholinergic receptors modulate dopaminergic function in brain pathways thought to mediate cocaine's abuse-related effects. Here, we sought to confirm and ...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

489

An argument for the chicken embryo as a model for the developmental toxicological effects of the polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs)

Effective connectivity in brain networks can be studied using Granger causality analysis which is based on temporal precedence, while functional connectivity is usually derived using zero-lag...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

490

Actual and Potential Effects of Medical Resident Coverage on Reimbursement for Inpatient Visits by Attending Physicians

This article will present the argument that the chicken embryo is especially appropriate as an animal model for studying the mechanism of the developmental toxicological effects of the polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs). The PHAHs are a group of toxicologically related compounds including, in part, the polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls. The chicken (Gallus gallus) embryo is relatively sensitive to the toxicological effects of the PHAHs being approximately two orders of magnitude more sensitive than the mature bird. The chicken embryo has been used to demonstrate general toxicological teratogeneicity, hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Many of these effects, or analogous effects, have also been observed in mammals and fish. Thus, most animals appear to respond to the PHAHs with a similar toxicological profile, indicating that many of the biomarkers used for the PHAHs ...

1996-12-31

491

Access Intervention in an Integrated, Prepaid Group Practice: Effects on Primary Care Physician Productivity

CONTEXTThe impact of residents on hospital finance has been studied; there are no data describing the economic effect of residents on attending physicians.OBJECTIVEIn...Full Text Available

2002-06-01

492

AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOLUBILITY AND STIMULATING EFFECT IN TARSAL CHEMORECEPTION

ObjectiveTo estimate the joint effect of a multifaceted access intervention on primary care physician (PCP) productivity in a large, integrated prepaid group practice.Data...Full Text Available

2008-10-01

493

A2e mediated phototoxic effects of endoilluminators

The rejection thresholds of the blowfly Phormia regina Meigen for a selected series of substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons have been determined and an analysis made of the effect on...Full Text Available

1950-05-20

494

A tool to balance benefit and harm when deciding about adjuvant therapy

AimsTo compare the theoretical retinal threshold time for endoilluminators and experimental phototoxic effect using A2e laden retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.MethodsThe...Full Text Available

2006-02-01

495

A Review of the Pathophysiology and Novel Treatments for Erectile Dysfunction

Adjuvant therapy aims to prevent outgrowth of residual disease but can induce serious side effects. Weighing conflicting treatment effects and communicating this information with patients is not elementary....Full Text Available

2009-03-24

496

A Motivation-Focused Weight Loss Maintenance Program is an Effective Alternative to a Skill-Based Approach

Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects up to 50% of men between the ages of 40 and 70. Treatment with PDE-5 inhibitors is effective in the majority of men with ED. However, PDE-5 inhibitors are not effective...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

497

A Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Crossover Study of the Acute Metabolic Effects of Olanzapine in Healthy Volunteers

ObjectiveMaintaining weight loss is a major challenge in obesity treatment. Individuals often indicate that waning motivation prompts cessation of effective weight...Full Text Available

2011-02-01

498