UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Patients with Alport syndrome progressively lose renal function as a result of defective type IV collagen in their glomerular basement membrane. In mice lacking the α3 chain of type IV collagen...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe metagenomic analysis of microbial communities holds the potential to improve our understanding of the role of microbes in clinical conditions. Recent, dramatic improvements...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We use UV/optical and X-ray observations of 272 radio-quiet Type 1 active galactic nuclei and quasars to investigate the C IV Baldwin Effect (BEff). The UV/optical spectra are drawn from the Hubble Space Telescope, International Ultraviolet Explorer and Sloan Digital Sky Survey archives. The X-ray spectra are from the Chandra and XMM-Newton archives. We apply correlation and partial-correlation analyses to the equivalent widths (EWs), continuum monochromatic luminosities, and ?ox, which characterizes the relative X-ray to UV brightness. The EW of the C IV ?1549 emission line is correlated with both ?ox and luminosity. We find that by regressing l?(2500 A) with EW(C IV) and ?ox, we can obtain tighter correlations than by regressing l?(2500 A) with only EW(C IV). Both correlation and regression analyses imply that l?(2500 A) is not the only factor controlling the changes of EW(C ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Type 1 pilus directs bladder epithelial binding and invasion by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in the initial stage of cystitis, but the bacterial determinants of postinvasion...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The Dot/Icm type IV translocated Ankyrin B (AnkB) effector of Legionella pneumophila is modified by the host prenylation machinery that anchors it into the outer leaflet of the Legionella-containing...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

IntroductionColonoscopic perforation is a rare but serious complication of colonoscopy. Factors known to increase the risk of perforation include colonic strictures, extensive diverticulosis,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Clinical questionWhat is the best treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis?ResultsTopical antibiotics expedite recovery from bacterial conjunctivitis....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The distribution of the alkaline earth elements strontium and barium between the solid phases of phosphates of transition elements of group 4 and chloride melts was studied. The distribution coefficients of strontium and barium were found at T = 700-800/sup 0/C. Phosphates of the type NaM/sub 2//sup (IV)/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/, where M/sub (IV)/ represents titanium, zirconium, and hafnium, were used as the solid phases. It was established that there is an enrichment of the precipitates with the distributed components. The distribution coefficient depends on the nature of the solid phase and the temperature. It was suggested that M/sup (II)/ x M/sub 4//sup (IV)/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 6/ is formed in processes of distribution, where M/sup (II)/ represents Sr, Ba.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pollen morphology of 30 species of the family Acanthaceae belonging to 11 genera has been investigated using light and scanning electron microscope. Acanthaceae is a eurypalynous family. Pollen are usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, sub-prolate to prolate rarely prolate-spheroidal or sub-oblate to oblate-spheroidal, generally tricolporate or heterocolporate rarely colpate or porate. Exine ornamentation varies from medium to coarse reticulate, or often lopho-reticulate with luminae perforated to baculate or scabrate. On the basis of apertural type, exine ornamentation and colpal membrane eight distinct pollen types have been recognized viz., Pollen type-I: Barleria cristata-type, Pollen type-II: Blepharis ciliaris-type, Pollen type-III: Hygrophila polysperma - type, Pollen type-IV: Justicia ...

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We evaluated the relation between the lipiodol accumulative pattern on CT 1 month after 1st Lp-TAE and the effect of Lp-TAE and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 70 cases undergoing Lp-TAE twice. The lipiodol accumulative pattern on CT can be classified into four types (I: homogeneous, II: defect, III: inhomogeneous, IV: no or slight). In the type I, recurrence of the main tumor was 26.7%, daughter was 73.7%, suggesting a good effect of Lp-TAE. In the types II, III and IV, recurrence of the main tumor was seen in 66.7%, 83.3% and 83.3%, respectively, suggesting that the effect of Lp-TAE was worse according to the lipiodol accumulative pattern on CT. The lipiodol accumulative pattern on CT is useful for the detection of recurrence and assessment of the effect of Lp-TAE. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Antibodies to human native and denatured types I, II, III, IV, and V collagens were measured using 125I-radioimmunoassay. Mean levels of binding by sera from 30 rheumatoid arthritis patients were significantly higher than those from 20 normal subjects against all of the collagens tested. The relative antibody concentration was higher in synovial fluid than in simultaneously obtained serum. Many patients with gout or various other rheumatic diseases also had detectable anticollagen antibodies. With a few notable exceptions, the majority of the reactivity detected in all patient groups was directed against covalent structural determinants present on all of the denatured collagens, suggesting a secondary reaction to tissue injury.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forty resected cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were classified into four types according to the gross appearance; type I: mass forming type (n=8), type II: mass forming with periductal infiltrating type (n=20), type III: periductal infiltrating type (n=9) and type IV: intraductal growth type (n=3). Diagnostic features of these four types were studied. Peripheral enhancement was a common angiographic feature and tumor stains were recognized in 88%, 20%, 0%, 33%, respectively. Angiography and dynamic computed tomography (D-CT) were useful in differential diagnosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. Accuracy rate in diagnosis of portal vein involvement by angiography and D-CT was 82% and 91%, respectively. MRI was more useful in tumor detection than D-CT in ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Plant pathogenic bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas cause a variety of diseases in economically important monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crop plants worldwide. Successful infection and bacterial multiplication in the host tissue often depend on the virulence factors secreted including adhesins, polysaccharides, LPS and degradative enzymes. One of the key pathogenicity factors is the type III secretion system, which injects effector proteins into the host cell cytosol to manipulate plant cellular processes such as basal defense to the benefit of the pathogen. The coordinated expression of bacterial virulence factors is orchestrated by quorum-sensing pathways, multiple two-component systems and transcriptional regulators such as Clp, Zur, FhrR, HrpX and HpaR. Furthermore, virule...

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The genus Conexibacter (Monciardini et al. 2003) represents the type genus of the family Conexibacteraceae (Stackebrandt 2005, emend. Zhi et al. 2009) with Conexibacter woesei as the type species of the genus. C. woesei is a representative of a deep evolutionary line of des-cent within the class Actinobacteria. Strain ID131577T was originally isolated from temperate forest soil in Gerenzano (Italy). Cells are small, short rods that are motile by peritrichous fla-gella. They may form aggregates after a longer period of growth and, then as a typical charac-teristic, an undulate structure is formed by self-aggregation of flagella with entangled bacteri-al cells. Here we describe the features of the organism, together with the complete sequence and annotation. The 6,359,369 bp long genome of C. woesei contains 5,950 protein-coding and 48 RNA genes and is part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.

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No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To find out the sonographic findings that are useful to differentiate hepatic abscess from peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. Twenty-two hepatic abscesses and 22 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas which had been confirmed histologically were included in this study. Objective points were echo characteristics of the lesion, internal septation, presence of peripheral low echoic rim, demarcation from normal liver(well or poorly defined), posterior enhancement, multiplicity, dilatation of bile duct(obstructive or non-obstructive), intrahepatic duct stone, pleural effusion, and intra-abdominal fluid collection. Echo characteristics of the lesion were classified in-to four types. Type I; Predominantly echogenic with hypoechoic portion, type II; Echogenic without hypoechoic portion, type III; Predominantly hypoechoic with echogenic portion, type IV; Hypoechoic without echogenic ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conduction properties of Rb"+ ion in Rb-Al-priderite and K"+ ion and Rb"+ ion in (K,Rb)-Al-priderite, were investigated by NMR using "2"7Al in the framework as a probe. Size effect was observed remarkably in the activation energies. Frequency dependence of T_1 in Rb-Al-priderite at a low temperature indicates that the relaxation behavior of "2"7Al in Rb-Al-priderite can be described by the continuum model. Barrier height distributions and 'attempt frequencies' in both samples obtained by a curve-fitting method are discussed in comparison with those of K-Al-priderite. (orig.).

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The geodesic equation for space-like objects moving along a circular trajectory in the expanding universe is considered. Our analysis leads to the conclusion that ancient cosmological tachyons may exist in the present-day world and may play an important role in (i) the internal structure of hadrons conceived as nonlocal objects called strings, (ii) the T-symmetry violation observed in the weak K-decays, (iii) the multidimensional unified field theories of Kaluza-Klein type, and in (iv) the classical models of charged particles which combine ordinary electromagnetism with a self-interacting version of Newtonian gravity. 18 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy is a powerful in situ probe of sulfur biochemistry in intact cells and tissues. Under favorable circumstances the technique can provide quantitative information on the chemical identify of the sulfur species that are present in a sample. Prange et al. have recently reported an X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of bacterial sulfur storage globules. Unfortunately there are substantial problems with the experimental technique employed that, they contend, lead to completely erroneous conclusions. In the more recent of their two papers Prange et al. employed a curve-fitting method similar to that used by us (for more than 10 years). In essence, the method employs simply fitting a linear combination of the spectra of standard compounds to that of the unknown, in this case cultures of bacterial cells. This type of analysis can provide quantitative estimates of the individual sulfur ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Chemoreceptors are crucial components in the bacterial sensory systems that mediate chemotaxis. Chemotactic responses exhibit exquisite sensitivity, extensive dynamic range and precise adaptation....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pd/n-Si and Pd/n-GaAs devices have been irradiated from high energy ({approx}100 MeV) heavy ions of Au{sup 7+} (gold) and Si{sup 7+} (silicon) to study the irradiation effects in these junction devices on semiconductor substrates. The devices have been characterized from I-V and C-V studies for electronic flow characterization. It has been found that the devices become high resistive on the irradiation and the substrates change the conductivity type from n- to p- on the irradiation of fluence of {approx}10{sup 12}-10{sup 13} ions/cm{sup 2}. The change in conductivity type has been understood as a result of creation of deep acceptors on the irradiation.

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:12439520

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:10923545

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We describe the analysis of forward mutations induced in the tetracycline resistance gene of the plasmid pBR322 by directing the reaction of the carcinogen N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-AcO-AAF) to a small restriction fragment (BamHI, SalI) that is located in the proximal part of the antibiotic-resistance gene. Mutant plasmids obtained both in wild type and excision repair deficient (uvrA) bacterial cells are compared. Preliminary data showing the distribution of the -AAF adducts along this restriction fragments are discussed in relation to the observed spectrum of mutations. 20 references, 4 figures.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using carbon-paste-CuFeS{sub 2} electrodes and a cyclic voltammetric technique, it was found that a large number of intermediate electrochemical oxidation reactions were associated with the dissolution of chalcopyrite in presence and absence of bacteria. The effects of concentrations of copper, ferrous and ferric ions, as well as of agitation on the peaks of cyclic voltammograms were measured. It was established that chalcopyrite oxidation was solid-state controlled as suggested by the data of chronopotentiometric and chronoamperometric measurements. The activation energy of solid state diffusion of chalcopyrite leaching was determined by the Sand's method to be {triangle}E{sub a} = 20.5 kJ. The leaching mechanism is discussed in terms of solid-state properties (energy bonding) of the n-type semiconductor chalcopyrite and energy density states of redox systems of acidic bacterial leach media. A generalized model for the mechanism of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Bacterial cellulose was produced by Acetobacter xylinum (strain TISTR 975). Bacterial cellulose is an interesting material for using as a wound dressing since it provides moist environment to a wound resulting in a better wound healing. However, bacterial cellulose itself has no antimicrobial activity to prevent wound infection. To achieve antimicrobial activity, silver nanoparticles were impregnated into bacterial cellulose by immersing bacterial cellulose in silver nitrate solution. Sodium borohydride was then used to reduce the absorbed silver ion (Ag+) inside of bacterial cellulose to the metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag0). Silver nanoparticles displayed the optical absorption band around 420nm. The red-shift and broadening of the optical absorption band was observed when the mole rat...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The immune system modulates many key biological processes in humans. However, the exact role of the immune system in particle-associated periprosthetic osteolysis is controversial. Human tissue retrieval studies, in vivo and in vitro experiments suggest that the immune response to polymer particles is non-specific and macrophage-mediated. Lymphocytes may modulate this response. However direct lymphocyte activation by polymer particle-protein complexes seems unlikely. However, metallic byproducts may complex with serum proteins and lead to a Type IV, lymphocyte-mediated immune reaction. In predisposed individuals, this reaction may rarely lead to persistent painful joint effusions, necessitating debridement and excision of the bearing surfaces of the prosthesis. In these patients, retrieved...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Metal iodates with a lone-pair containing I(V) that is in an asymmetric coordination geometry can form a diversity of unusual structures and many of them are promising new second homonic generation (SHG) materials. They exhibit wide transparency wavelength regions, large SHG coefficients and high optical-damage thresholds as well as moderately high thermal stability. In this paper, the structures and properties of the metal iodates are reviewed. The combination of d0 transition-metal cations with the iodate groups afforded a large number of metal iodates, with cations covering alkali metal, alkaline earth and lanthanide elements. Many of them are noncentrosymmetric (NCS) and display excellent SHG properties due to the additive effects of polarizations from both types of the asymmetric unit...

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Measurements of neutron and gamma-ray penetrations in an iron shield were performed up to a 60-cm depth in a tightly coupled source shield configuration with the fast-neutron reactor YAYOI as a source. Rates of neutron reactions and gamma-ray dose rates in the iron shield were obtained using activation foils and thermoluminescent dosimeters. Analyses of the experiments were made by using the DOT-III code with coupled neutron and gamma-ray cross sections from ENDF/B-IV and POPOP4 libraries. To obtain the source condition for the iron shield analyses, the calculated spectrum was adjusted to the measured reaction rates at the reactor shield boundary. The calculated neutron and gamma-ray distributions in the iron shield show fairly good agreement with the experiments. The effect of difference in Bondarenko-type self-shielding factors on the analyses of the iron shield is also shown.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Whereas in part 1 and 2 the detailed observation equations of terrestrial type for an integrated geodetic model are presented this paper will outline how the theory is transferred in an operational program. The main lines of functions of the FORTRAN IV program are discussed. Since the input specifications as well as the data requirements are described in detail and illustrated by example of input and output part 3 can serve as an user-guide for OPERA. OPERA is an acronym for operational adjustment. Besides the integrated determination of 3D-geocentric coordinates and the gravity disturbing potential the program can handle all cases of traditional geodesy (in total 13 variants of solution are provided) equivalent also with adjustments in ellipsoidal coordinates B, L or H, as well as constrained adjustments, pure prediction of the gravity disturbing field, etc.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effect of unilateral biliary duct drainage with bilateral biliary duct drainage in the treatment of Bismuth-Corlette II-IV type hilar cholangiocarcinoma in order to provide rational and proper clinical options. Methods: Biliary duct drainage was performed in 80 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. The patients were divided into unilateral drainage group (n = 52) and bilateral drainage group (n = 28). The clinical data and the therapeutic results of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results The two groups were quite comparable in the patient's age, sex, clinical type, drainage way, preoperative total and direct bilirubin level, white blood cell, total protein and albumin, etc. After the treatment, the mean reduction value of the total bilirubin and direct bilirubin was 82.73 #mu#mol/L and 31.71#mu#mol/L respectively in unilateral drainage group, and was 80.28 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... deposition evaporation fission products fluorides iodine 134 laboratory

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is an immune sensor for gram-positive bacterial cell wall components. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR2 gene that impair its function may, therefore, influence the risk and outcomes of gram-positive bacterial infections. In a cohort of 694 liver transplant recipients, we assessed the TLR2 SNP that is translated into an amino acid substitution of arginine for glutamine at position 753 (R753Q), and we found that its presence was associated with the clinical characteristics and outcomes of gram-positive bacterial infections. The proportions of patients with the TLR2 R753Q SNP did not significantly differ between those with gram-positive bacterial infections and those without gram-positive bacterial infections (9.6% versus 9.6%, P = 0.999)....

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Interkingdom signaling is established in the gastrointestinal tract in that human hormones trigger responses in bacteria; here, we show that the corollary is true, that a specific bacterial signal,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Genome-wide studies of bacterial gene expression are shifting from microarray technology to second generation sequencing platforms. RNA-seq has a number of advantages over hybridization-based techniques,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe study of bacterial species interactions in a mixed-species community can be facilitated by transcriptome analysis of one species in the community using cDNA microarray...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have examined the association between cytokine, chemokine and growth factor concentrations with bacterial vaginosis (BV) in pregnant white and black women. A nested case-control analysis...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The introduction and survival of zoonotic bacterial pathogens in poultry farming have been linked to bacterial association with free-living protozoa. To date, however, no information is available on...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

An explicit proposal for experiments leading to abrupt transitions in spatially extended bacterial populations in a Petri dish is presented on the basis of an exact formula obtained through an analytic...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sibling Paenibacillus dendritiformis bacterial colonies grown on low-nutrient agar medium mutually inhibit growth through secretion of a lethal factor. Analysis of secretions reveals...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The vaginal bacterial microbiota of 19 premenopausal women was examined by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequencing of the V2-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Ten of the women...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The genetic systems of bacteria that have the ability to use organic pollutants as carbon and energy sources can be adapted to create bacterial biosensors for the detection of industrial pollution....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Aim:The effect of Tualang honey on wound healing in bacterial contaminated full-thickness burn wounds was evaluated in 36 male Sprague Dawley rats.Materials...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common condition that is associated with preterm birth and acquisition of complex communities of vaginal bacteria that include several fastidious...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bacterial pathogens use virulence strategies to invade epithelial barriers, but active processes of epithelial cells may also contribute to the endocytosis of microbial particles. To focus on the latter,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have used a sintered glass bead core to simulate the spaces and surfaces of reservoir rock in studies of the bacterial plugging phenomenon that affects waterflood oil recovery operations. The passage...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Gene expression from bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones has been demonstrated to facilitate physiologically relevant levels compared to viral and nonviral cDNA vectors. BACs are large enough...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Model systems to study the effects of chemicals of environmental concern on bacterial and parasitic diseases as well as the immunosurveillance and destruction of transplantable tumor cells were described...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Little is known about the conservation of determinants for the identities of tRNAs between organisms. We showed previously that Escherichia coli tyrosine tRNA synthetase can charge the Saccharomyces...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Coutinho MF, Encarnao M, Gomes R, da Silva Santos L, Martins S, Sirois-Gagnon D, Bargal R, Filocamo M, Raas-Rothschild A, Tappino B, Laprise C, Cury GK, Schwartz IV, Artigals O, Prata MJ, Alves S. Origin and spread of a common deletion causing mucolipidosis type II: insights from patterns of haplotypic diversity. Mucolipidosis II (ML II alpha/beta), or I-cell disease, is a rare genetic disease in which activity of the uridine diphosphate (UDP)-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GlcNAc-phosphotransferase) is absent. GlcNAc-phosphotransferase is a multimeric enzyme encoded by two genes, GNPTAB and GNPTG. A spectrum of mutations in GNPTAB has been recently reported to cause ML II alpha/beta. Most of these mutations were found to be private or rare. ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

Vildagliptin is a potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor in development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that improves glycemic control by enhancing alpha- and beta-cell responsiveness to glucose. Two open-label, single-dose, randomized, crossover studies in healthy subjects (ages 18-45 years) investigated the dose proportionality of vildagliptin pharmacokinetics (n = 20) and the effect of food (n = 24) on vildagliptin pharmacokinetics. There was a linear relationship (r(2) = 0.999) between vildagliptin doses of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg and area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC(0-infinity)) and maximum plasma concentration (C(max)). Dose proportionality was assessed using a statistical power model [X = alpha x (dose)(beta)]. The 90% confidence intervals of the proportionality coefficient, beta, for AUC(0-infinity) (1.15-1.19) and C(max) (1.04-1.14) indicated that deviations from dose ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1983. p. 225. USSR Boydachenko, IV Evstyukhina, IA Devyatko, YN Moskovskij

Science.gov (United States)

... These three roles are critical to de- fending the Nation through the control Milstar satellite on Titan IV at Cape Canaveral. ...

CERN Document Server

We present a detailed spectral analysis of point-like X-ray sources in the XMM-COSMOS field. Our sample of 135 sources only includes those that have more than 100 net counts in the 0.3-10 keV energy band and have been identified through optical spectroscopy. The majority of the sources are well described by a simple power-law model with either no absorption (76%) or a significant intrinsic, absorbing column (20%).As expected, the distribution of intrinsic absorbing column densities is markedly different between AGN with or without broad optical emission lines. We find within our sample four Type-2 QSOs candidates (L_X > 10^44 erg/s, N_H > 10^22 cm^-2), with a spectral energy distribution well reproduced by a composite Seyfert-2 spectrum, that demonstrates the strength of the wide field XMM/COSMOS survey to detect these rare and underrepresented sources.

CERN Document Server

The stellar disc kinematics in a sample of fifteen intermediate- to late-type edge-on spiral galaxies are studied using a dynamical modeling technique. The sample covers a substantial range in maximum rotation velocity and deprojected face-on surface brightness and contains seven spirals with either a boxy- or peanut-shaped bulge. Dynamical models of the stellar discs are constructed using the disc structure from $I$-band surface photometry and rotation curves observed in the gas. The differences in the line-of-sight stellar kinematics between the models and absorption line spectroscopy are minimized using a least-squares approach. The modeling constrains the disc surface density and stellar radial velocity dispersion at a fiducial radius through the free parameter $\\sqrt{M/L}$ $(\\sigma_{\\rm z}/\\sigma_{\\rm R})^{-1}$, where $\\sigma_{\\rm z}/\\sigma_{\\rm R}$ is the ratio of vertical and radial velocity dispersion and $M/L$ the disc mass-to-light ratio. For ...

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In developing new Tc-99m brain perfusion imaging agents for SPECT, a series of BAT (bis-aminoethanethiol) derivatives was prepared. These N/sub 2/S/sub 2/ ligands formed stable and neutral complexes with reduced Tc-99m, either by Sn(II)-PPi or sodium borohydride reduction. The purity of the Tc-99m complexes was >95% (HPLC reverse-phase column, acetonitrile: pH 7.0 buffer, 85:15). The biodistribution in rats was evaluated using I-125 iodoantipyrine (IAP), a free diffusible tracer, as the internal reference. Compounds with a free hydroxyl group (I and IV) showed lower brain uptake, inspite of high P.C.; this may be related to in vivo instability of the complexes. High initial brain uptake was observed for three compounds (II, III and V), however, only compound V (P.C.=384) showed significant brain retention. Planar imaging with compound V in a monkey demonstrated that the compound localized in brain and the retention time was T/sub 1/2/=35 min. Compounds of this ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Herein, we report engineering of nanostructured p-CuIn3Se5/n-CdS heterojunction thin film on a glass substrate, which is prepared at room temperature using simple wet chemical approach involving ion exchange reactions between CdS and Cu^+, In^3^+ and Se^2^- ions in alkaline medium. The uniform deposition of heterojunction thin films is achieved by optimizing the pH, temperature and molarity of the reactant bath. The as-deposited thin-films were annealed at 200^oC in air for 1h and further characterized for structural, optical and electrical properties using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Hall effect for type of conductivity, and I-V measurement to investigate the char...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Internal pressure creep tests as well as uniaxial creep tests were conducted on 9Cr and 12Cr steels welded joints in order to evaluate creep strength of the high chromium steels welded parts under multiaxial stress conditions, where a welding direction of the internal pressure specimen was longitudinal one. Except under high stress conditions, cracks occurred at fine grained HAZ region for both materials, i.e., the type IV mode fracture. Regarding creep voids distribution along thickness direction of the internal pressure specimens, the creep voids were predominantly observed in the middle of the thickness at the HAZ region while they might be negligible in outer and inner surface of the specimen. Finite element analysis which considers HAZ and weld metal properties revealed that the principal stress (hoop stress) and the stress multiaxiality are the largest in the middle of the thickness at the HAZ region under the internal pressure creep ...

CERN Document Server

Without using any moduli, sheaves, stacks, nor any analytic, nor category-type arguments, we exhibit an analogue to Geometric Langlands Theory in an entirely model-independent, non-perturbative,purely smooth topological context in Artin Presentation Theory. A basic initial feature is that AP Theory, as a whole, is already, ab initio, a universal canonical 2D sigma-model, targeting smooth, compact, simply-connected 4-manifolds with a connected boundary, and its topological Planckian quantum starting point, as well as its cone-like, infinitely-generated at each stage, graded group of homology-preserving, but topology-changing transitions/interactions, exhibit the most general qualitative S-duality. We first point out the numerous mathematically rigorous, model-free, (i.e., intrinsic), topological AP analogues with the heuristic Kapustin-Witten version of Geometric Langlands theory, as well as the crucial differences between the two theories. The latter have to exist ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Femaxi-iv is a computer code for the analysis of thermal and mechanical behavior of light water reactor fuel rods during steady-state and transient conditions. The main purpose of femaxi-iv is to calculate the stress and strain distributions in the fuel and cladding due to the pellet-cladding mechanical interaction, and the fission gas release rate during operations, especially power transients. The capability of femaxi-iv was extensively tested with a number of experimental results obtained in some international fuel irradiation programs. This paper provides a general description of the various models involved in femaxi-iv and some results of applications on the experimental data. ((orig.))

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) quantification of several vaginal bacterial groups in healthy women and patients developing asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV) and candidiasis (CA) was performed. Statistical analysis revealed that the BV condition is characterised by a great variability among subjects and that it is associated with a significant increase of Prevotella, Atopobium, Veillonella and Gardnerella vaginalis, and a drop in Lactobacillus. On the contrary, the vaginal microflora of healthy women and patients developing CA was found to be homogeneous and stable over time.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Legionella pneumophila is a gram-negative bacterial species that is ubiquitous in almost any aqueous environment. It is the agent of Legionnaires’ disease, an acute and often...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

could be attributed either to removal of bacterial competition. (the reason for adding antibiotics before adding additional carbon and ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Periodontitis is an infectious process characterized by inflammation affecting the supporting structures of the teeth. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major oral bacterial species implicated...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Examining the relationship between biodiversity and functional stability (resistance and resilience) of activated sludge bacterial communities following disturbance is an important first step towards developing strategies for the design of robust biological wastewater treatment systems. This study investigates the relationship between functional resistance and biodiversity of dominant bacterial taxa by subjecting activated sludge samples, with different levels of biodiversity, to toxic shock loading with cupric sulfate (Cu[II]), 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP), or 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). Respirometric batch experiments were performed to determine the functional resistance of activated sludge bacterial community to the three toxicants. Functional resistance was estimated as the 30?min IC50 or th...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The bacterium Serratia marcescens produces a plethora of multicellular shapes of different colorations on solid substrates, allowing immediate visual detection of varieties. Such a...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Alpha-toxin, the major cytotoxic agent elaborated by Staphylococcus aureus, was the first bacterial exotoxin to be identified as a pore former. The protein is secreted as a single-chain, water-soluble...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of PTBD in treating malignant biliary obstruction caused by hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 103 patients(M:62,F:41)with malignant obstructive jaundice caused by hilar cholangiocarcinoma. After taking percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, metallic stent or plastic external catheter or external-internal catheter for drainage was deployed and then followed up was undertaken with clinical and radiographic evaluation and laboratory. examination. Results: All patients went though PTBD successfully (100%). According to Bismuth classification, all 103 cases consisted of I type(N=30), II type (N=30), III type (N=26) and IV type (N=17). Thirty-nine cases were placed with 47 stents and 64 eases with drainage tubes. 4 cases installed two stems for bilateral drainage, 2 cases installed two stents because of long ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The addition of paraquat (methyl viologen) to a growing culture of Escherichia coli K-12 led within 1 hr to a 10- to 20-fold increase in the level of endonuclease IV, a DNase for apurinic/apyrimidinic sites. The induction was blocked by chloramphenicol. Increases of 3-fold or more were also seen with plumbagin, menadione, and phenazine methosulfate. H_2O_2 produced no more than a 2-fold increase in endonuclease IV activity. The following agents had no significant effect: streptonigrin, nitrofurantoin, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, #gamma# rays, 260-nm UV radiation, methyl methanesulfonate, mitomycin C, and ascorbate. Paraquat, plumbagin, menadione, and phenazine methosulfate are known to generate superoxide radical anions via redox cycling in vivo. A mutant lacking superoxide dismutase was unusually sensitive to induction by paraquat. In addition, endonuclease IV could be induced by merely growing the mutant in pure O_2. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separation of lithium isotopes was investigated by chemical ion exchange with a hydrous manganese(IV) oxide ion exchanger using an elution chromatography. The capacity of manganese(IV) oxide ion exchanger was 0.5 meq/g. The heavier lithium isotope was enriched in the solution phase, while the lighter isotope was enriched in the ion exchanger phase. The separation factor was determined according to the method of Glueckauf from the elution curve and isotopic assays. The separation factor of {sup 6}Li{sup +} -{sup 7}Li{sup +} isotope pair fractionation was 1.018.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caffeine and related xanthines were identified as potent stimulators for the bacterial cellulose production in A. xylinum. These compounds are present in several plants whose infusions are useful as culture-medium supplements for this acetobacterium. The proposed target for these native purine-like inhibitory substances is the novel diguanyl nucleotide phosphodiesterase(s) that participates in the bacterial cellulogenic complex.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The solubility of Sn(IV) oxide was determined in a dilute NaClO{sub 4} solution with pH 2 through 12 at ambient temperature. Both oversaturation and undersaturation experiments were carried out in an inert gas glovebox where the concentration of the oxygen and carbon dioxide were less than 1 ppm. The solubility of Sn(IV) oxide was 3 {times} 10{sup {minus}8} mol/l at neutral pH, and increased at pH > 7.5. Equilibrium constants of soluble reactions were calculated from the experimental data, using curve fitting method. The study suggests that the solubility of Sn(IV) oxide would be higher than that provisionally used in current safety assessments of HLW disposal sites.

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stage III and stage IV recovery have been investigated resistometrically following 6.1 MeV alpha-particle irradiation at 4.2 K. The activation energy associated with stage III shows a gradual increase from 0.35 +- 0.02 eV to 0.39 +- 0.02 eV. Stage IV (155 to 180 K) is associated with an activation energy of 0.46 +- 0.03 eV. The present results are compared with those obtained after electron and neutron irradiation. The stage III recovery kinetics are interpreted in terms of the Goesele-Seeger theory for interstitial migration in highly anisotropic hexagonal metals. Stage IV is ascribed to monovacancy migration. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Staircase current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, observed at 77 K in narrow 2DEG channels irradiated by a single line scan of a focused ion beam (FIB), is reported in detail. These staircases are interpreted as evidence of single electron tunneling through a naturally occurring specific Coulomb island in the random potential fluctuations created by FIB damage. Clear comparison is made between the I-V's taken from wide channels and those from narrow channels. Based on orthodox calculations of the I-V characteristics, it is shown that highly asymmetric tunnel junctions are needed to explain our data. This is consistent with the random nature of the potential landscape in the FIB damaged region. (author).

Science.gov (United States)

Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,. Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, .... Another study on ESA industry and partners: in relation with sustainability of ...

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This Field Sampling Plan outlines the collection and analysis of samples in support of Phase IV of the Waste Area Group 10, Operable Units 6-05 and 10-04 remedial action. Phase IV addresses the remedial actions to areas with the potential for unexploded ordnance at the Idaho National Laboratory Site. These areas include portions of the Naval Proving Ground, the Arco High-Altitude Bombing Range, and the Twin Buttes Bombing Range. The remedial action consists of removal and disposal of ordnance by high-order detonation, followed by sampling to determine the extent, if any, of soil that might have been contaminated by the detonation activities associated with the disposal of ordnance during the Phase IV activities and explosives during the Phase II activities.

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... grants to adopt or adapt courses and materials developed by CCD projects at other institutions, and ... to adopt or adapt CCD-developed courses and materials. -iv- Accomplishments The CCD program has ...

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... being designed for projected Minotaur IV launch load environments, with design objectives of light weight, integrated vibration isolation, low shock ...

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... 1: DSP Budget and Potential Reduction or Rescission 11 Table IV.2: Milstar Terminal Budget and Potential Reductions 13 or Rescissions ...

Science.gov (United States)

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of meningitis in newborn infants. Bacterial cell surface appendages, known as pili, have been recently described in streptococcal pathogens, including GBS. The pilus tip adhesin, PilA, contributes to GBS adherence to blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelium; however, the host receptor and the contribution of PilA in central nervous system (CNS) disease pathogenesis are unknown. Here we show that PilA binds collagen, which promotes GBS interaction with the ?(2)?(1) integrin resulting in activation of host chemokine expression and neutrophil recruitment during infection. Mice infected with the PilA-deficient mutant exhibit delayed mortality, a decrease in neutrophil infiltration and bacterial CNS dissemination. We find that PilA-mediated virulence is dependent on neutrophil influx as neutrophil depletion results in a decrease in BBB permeability and GBS-BBB penetration. Our results suggest that the ...

Science.gov (United States)

In acute liver failure following hepatitis, toxic insults, or after major liver surgery, there is an increased bacterial translocation from the gut. This may explain some of the infectious complications seen in these conditions. To elucidate mechanisms and find possible preventive measures, we investigated the effect of rectal administration of arginine and probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus spp.) on bacterial translocation and the extent of liver failure. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and five different Lactobacillus strains (Lb. reuteri R2LC, Lb. rhamnosus DSM 6594 (= strain 271), Lb. plantarum DSM 9843 (= strain 299v), Lb. fermentum 8704:3 (= strain 245), and Lb. reuteri (= strain 108) were administered rectally once daily for 8 days with and without 2% arginine. Acute liver injury (ALI) was induced on the eighth day by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (1.1 g/kg body weight), and samples were collected after 24 and 48 hours. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Studies were made on different types of packaging materials used for packing dried fish in the Philippines with a view to finding a suitable packaging material for irradiated dried fish. Among these packaging materials (polyethylene, cello/polyethylene, polyester/polyethylene, Kraft paper, polypropylene and interwoven polypropylene sacks), polyester/polyethylene laminate was the most resistant material against penetration by Dermestes carnivorous. No insect damage occurred on the dried fish packed in interwoven polypropylene lined with polyester/polyethylene laminate. The cost per sack of such packaging material having a capacity of 50-80 kg is US$ 0.50. The sack lined with polyester/polyethylene proved to be durable for surface transportation from Bacolod City to Manila (approx. 360 miles). Radiation treatment at 225 krad was effective against bacterial contamination but not effective in inhibiting mould growth. Raw fish soaked in 25% salt for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biosorption is presented as an alternative choice to traditional physicochemical means for removing toxic metals from groundwater and wastewaters. Removal of lead (Pb) from solutions was studied using Escherichia coli (parental) and Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb)-expressing E. coli (transformed) cells. Pb biosorption was increased in bacterial hemoglobin-expressing E. coli cells grown in Luria broth B containing different concentrations of Pb{sup 2+}. The maximum Pb{sup 2+} biosorption of transformed and parental cells was determined to be 612 and 370 {mu}g Pb/g biomass, respectively. The inhibitory effect of Pb{sup 2+} on the parental strain was determined at 10 ppm. However, in transformed cells, Pb{sup 2+} was lethal at 100 ppm. The optimum aeration required for the transformed cells was lower than that for the parental strain on a growth yield basis. A linear correlation was established between the biosorption and uptake amounts. The biosorption process was ...

Science.gov (United States)

The change in concentrations of elements due to transmutations resulting from neutron irradiation in the first wall of the ARIES-IV conceptual fusion energy device were determined as a function of neutron dose. SiC burns out at a rate of about 0.5% per effective full power year. The largest impurity concentration is that of He, but several other elements burn in at rates of hundreds of appm/efpy.

Science.gov (United States)

A study to define the effectiveness limits of sulfamic acid and to discover other better stabilizers for Pu(III) is described. Ascorbic and isoascorbic acids, used in conjunction with sulfamic acid reduced Pu(IV) to stable Pu(III) in nitric acid. Aminoguanidine sulfate also retarded the oxidation of Pu(III) but did not reduce Pu(IV). (J.R.D.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The aim of the study is to prepare ionic exchangers using the polymerization of unsaturated polyster with monomeric styrene units in a ratio of 60%: 40% respectively. The type of method involved in this preparation, is called An Emulsion Polymerization. Such type of polymerization was carried out by two techniques: chemical and irradiation techniques. The first techniques requires the formation of free radical monomers by use of methyl Ethy Ketone Peroxide capable of decomposing into free radicals upon heating, while the other technique involves the use of gamma rays (using Co-60 source) capable of activating monomers towards free radical formations. A number of very effective chemical parameters and physical factors were used and investigated throughout the reactions such as: dispersant matrix, viscosity, rate of mixing, and irradiation dose. Besides, the study has included the study of the rate of Resin Beads Swelling which is thought to be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The growth power-time curves of a strain of petroleum bacteria, B-2, in various kinds of cultures containing different kinds of carbon sources, glucose, n-tetradecane, n-hexadecane and n-octadecane, and different kinds of microemulsions have been determined by using a 2277 Thermal Activity Monitor. The curves showed a single peak for cultures containing a single carbon source, glucose, and two peaks for cultures containing two kinds of carbon sources, glucose and one of the n-alkanes. The first peak indicated that bacteria grew by consuming glucose and the second peak indicated that bacteria grew by consuming n-alkane. The curves were complex when the bacterium grows in a microemulsion culture. According to a kinetic equation of bacterial growth under limited conditions, the rate constants of bacterial growth were obtained. The results showed that the microemulsion culture was more appropriate to bacteria to grow on n-alkanes.

Science.gov (United States)

Preterm birth is a common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Many asymptomatic genital infections have been associated with preterm birth, but attempts to determine a causal relationship between specific infections and preterm birth have been disappointing. Treatment trials of specific infections have generally failed to show a positive effect, and in some trials have shown a deleterious effect. Although there is a strong association between the presence of bacterial vaginosis and Trichomonas vaginalis in pregnancy and preterm birth, randomized treatment trials have failed to show a benefit of treatment of these organisms. Treatment of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis or T. vaginalis to prevent preterm birth is not warranted. PMID:12112946

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Coral populations have precipitously declined on Caribbean reefs while algal abundance has increased, leading to enhanced competitive damage to corals, which likely is mediated by the potent allelochemicals produced by both macroalgae and benthic cyanobacteria. Allelochemicals may affect the composition and abundance of coral-associated microorganisms that control host responses and adaptations to environmental change, including susceptibility to bacterial diseases. Here, we demonstrate that extracts of six Caribbean macroalgae and two benthic cyanobacteria have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on bacterial taxa cultured from the surfaces of Caribbean corals, macroalgae, and corals exposed to macroalgal extracts. The growth of 54 bacterial isolates was monitored in the presence of l...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Exhaust fine and ultra fine particle numbers, particle sizes, mass, shape, structure and density were studied from Euro II - EEV emission level heavy-duty vehicles. For total particle emission factors city buses were run on dynamic conditions simulating city bus driving. The new heavy-duty chassis dynamometer of VTT was used. Vehicles were a comprehensive sample of current city bus fleet, the type approved emission level of which was Euro II - Euro III. Also cleaner engines of Euro IV to EEV targeted emission level were included: CRT, CNG, DPF. Particle emissions of these buses were extremely low; numbers 1/100 - 1/1000 and masses 1/10 - 1/100 of those of the predominating techniques. Morphological properties of fine particle populations that represent majority of particle size distribution (Da < 500 nm) are being analyzed by image processing (Matlab) from electron microscopical images (SEM, ESEM and TEM) as a function of particle size. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

According to the Romanian Nuclear Strategy, the third and fourth units of the Cernavoda NPP will be commissioned by 2015. Improvements in operation and safety are expected to be applied for these CANDU-6 based units. On the other side, the need for innovation determined AECL to promote the ACR -1000 - an evolutionary Generation III+ power reactor design and a necessary step towards Generation IV inherently safe nuclear energy systems. CANDU-6 is recognized for having two independent fully capable shutdown systems. ACR-1000 also benefits for this strong safety feature. Two major achievements i.e. using of light water as coolant and using Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) as fuel in a compact heavy water moderated lattice allowed the obtaining of a slightly negative Coolant Void Reactivity (CVR) for the first time in a CANDU-type reactor. The main goal of the paper is to compare the response of SDS1 action during some LOCAs supposed to take place both ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundDinoflagellates are unicellular, often photosynthetic protists that play a major role in the dynamics of the Earth's oceans and climate. Sequencing of dinoflagellate nuclear...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundStreptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen and is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in adults in Vietnam. Systematic data on the antimicrobial...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Enzymes are versatile catalysts in laboratories and on an industrial scale; improving their immobilization would be beneficial to broadening their applicability and ensuring their (re)use. Lipid-coated...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bacterial hydroxy fatty acids and alpha-hydroxy fatty acids have been demonstrated in complex lipid extracts of subgingival plaque and gingival tissue. However, little is known about the relationship...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Several commonly occurring freshwater and marine plants and algae were screened for beta-D-galactosidase and beta-D-glucuronidase activities by using a 60-min enzyme assay based on the hydrolysis by...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Increased construction of residential canal communities along the southern coastline of the United States has led to a concern about their impact on water quality. Pollution of such dead-end canals...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bartonella species are being recognized as important bacterial human and canine pathogens, and are associated with multiple arthropod vectors. Bartonella DNA extracted...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A method of measuring the water potential of stored potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) was needed to investigate the relationship of bacterial soft rot in tubers to water potential....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe maternally inherited, bacterial symbiont, parthenogenesis inducing (PI) Wolbachia, causes females in some haplodiploid insects to produce daughters...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Previous experimental data from various laboratories indicate that endotoxin of gram-negative oral microorganisms might be one of the most important bacterial products involved in bone resorption during...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The plasmid pE194 (3.7 kilobases) is capable of integrating into the genome of the bacterial host Bacillus subtilis in the absence of the major homology-dependent RecE recombination system. Multiple...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The electrokinetic patterns of four bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Agrobacterium radiobacter), two yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The continued evolution of bacterial pathogens has major implications for both human and animal disease, but the exchange of genetic material between host-restricted pathogens is rarely considered....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Purpose of reviewSevere congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a primary immunodeficiency in which lack of neutrophils causes inadequate innate immune host response to bacterial...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

On agar plates, daughter cells of Escherichia coli mutually slide and align side-by-side in parallel during the first round of binary fission. This phenomenon has been previously attributed...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bacterial nitric oxide synthases (bNOS) are present in many Gram-positive species and have been demonstrated to synthesize NO from arginine in vitro and in vivo. However, the physiological role...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Rumen-cannulated cows (n = 4) were fed successively silage made from either conventional or genetically modified (GM) maize. Results revealed no effects of GM maize on the dynamics...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Many pathogens colonize different anatomical sites, but the selective pressures contributing to survival in the diverse niches are poorly understood. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Caries is a multifactorial disease, and studies aiming to unravel the factors modulating its etiology must consider all known predisposing factors. One major factor is bacterial colonization,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In order to identify novel high value antibacterial targets it is desirable to delineate whether the inactivation of the target enzyme will lead to bacterial death or stasis. This knowledge is particularly...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Biodegradation/solubilization of coal is described. The degradation of dibenzothiophene by two bacterial strains is reported. The effects of adding salicylate to the treatments was also investigated. 2 figs., 5 tabs. (CBS)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundOceans are iron-deficient and nutrient-poor environments. These conditions impart limitations on our understanding of and our ability to identify microorganisms from the...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In Iran, microscopic examination of skin scrapings from 2202 individuals with clinically diagnosed cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions revealed the presence of amastigotes in 1123 cases (51.0%). Bacteriological...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The CD1 family of proteins binds self and foreign glycolipids for presentation to CD1-restricted T cells. To identify previously uncharacterized active CD1 ligands, especially those of microbial origin,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundSepsis or bacteraemia, however rare, is a significant cause of high mortality and serious complications in children. In previous studies skin disease or skin infections...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The distribution and activity of communities of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and methanogenic archaea in two contrasting Antarctic sediments were investigated. Methanogenesis dominated in freshwater...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe successful interaction of bacterial pathogens with host tissues requires the sensing of specific chemical and physical cues. The human gut contains a huge number of...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Saccharococcus sacchari is the primary colonizer of the developing “sterile” tissue between the leaf sheath and stem of sugar cane. The honeydew secreted by the mealybugs...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVE: The efficacy of Toto ointment and soap on common skin disorders was tested. METHODOLOGY: A cohort of Nigerians with common skin conditions such as fungal and bacterial skin infections, scabies,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A DNA fragment located on the 3' side of the Coxiella burnetii htpAB operon was determined by Southern blotting to exist in approximately 19 copies in the Nine Mile I genome. The DNA sequences of this...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Simple hydroxamic acids have been shown to have useful applications in an Advanced Purex process for the reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuel. They are especially suited to the separation of neptunium (IV) from uranium (VI) by the selective formation of a hydrophilic complex with Np(IV). U(VI) extraction in to 30% tributyl phosphate is unaffected. However, they have also been shown to be very fast reducing agents for Np(VI). The timescales of the reduction have been defined under a range of typical Purex Process conditions although the accurate determination of the reaction kinetics was not possible due to the rapidity of the reaction. U(VI) was shown not to be reduced. Therefore, Np(VI) can be efficiently reductively stripped when solvent phase (30% tributyl phosphate in odourless kerosene) solutions of Np(VI) and U(VI) are contacted with aqueous phase hydroxamic acid solutions. The slow reduction of plutonium (IV) to ...

Science.gov (United States)

Milstar 2. (USA 115). 60A. Titan IV. Nov. 12, 1995. Install Docking Module on the Mir space. 396 km. Second of 9 planned flights. Space Shuttle Atlantis ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundCD26 (dipeptidyl peptidase IV, DPPIV) is a 110 kDa surface glycoprotein expressed in most normal tissues, and is a potential novel therapeutic target for selected cancers....Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The electroreduction process of Zr(IV) was studied at molybdenum electrode in LiCl-KCl-K2ZrF6 molten salt. The transient electrochemical techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry and chronopotenimetry were used. The experimental results showed that the electrochemical reduction of Zr(II)/Zr and Zr(IV)/Zr(II) were both diffusion-controlled process. In the 773-973K range, the diffusion coefficients of Zr(ii) and Zr(IV) were determined: DZr(II)=0.15567exp{-69.65x10^3RT(K)}cm^2/s, DZr(IV)=1.09x10^-^4exp{-44.39x10^3RT(K)}cm^2/s. The activation energy values for the diffusion process were 69.65kJ/mol and 44.39kJ/mol, respectively.

Science.gov (United States)

Examination of measurement invariance provides a powerful method to evaluate the hypothesis that the same set of psychological constructs underlies a set of test scores in different populations. If measurement invariance is observed, then the same psychological meaning can be ascribed to scores in both populations. In this study, the measurement model including core and supplementary subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth edition (WAIS-IV) were compared across the U.S. and Canadian standardization samples. Populations were compared on the 15 subtest version of the test in people aged 70 and younger and on the 12 subtest version in people aged 70 or older. Results indicated that a slightly modified version of the four-factor model reported in the WAIS-IV technical manual provided the best fit in both populations and in both age groups. The null hypothesis of measurement invariance across populations was not rejected, and the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We present a method to make phantoms of coronary arteries for intravascular optical coherence tomography (IV-OCT). The phantoms provide a calibrated OCT response similar to the layered structure of...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents the characteristics of selected parameters of organic matter of the Tertiary coal samples and organic matter of Carboniferous rock samples from the Spitsbergen. The coal samples were taken from Central Coal Basin (the Longyearbyen region) and from the Forlandsundet Basin (Oscar II Land, the Kaffioyra region). Samples of dispersed organic matter were collected from Suffolk Pynten and Sergeijevfjellet area in Sorkapp Land. The optical properties of coal samples are different from properties of dispersed organic matter. Macerals of vitrinite group dominate in all of the samples. The average content of vitrinite group macerals is much lower in dipersed organic matter samples than it is in coals. The average content of liptinite group macerals is a little lower, and inertinite group macerals is much higher. The average content of mineral matter is higher in organic matter samples than in coal samples. The average value of vitrinite reflectance and standard deviation of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separations of metal ions on the basis of Donnan dialysis across anion-exchange membranes should be possible if the receiver electrolyte composition favors the formation of selected anionic complexes of the sample metal ions. Moreover, such a separation has the possibility of being better suited from some applications than batch or column experiments with anion-exchange resins. The above hypothesis are tested on the platinum-group metal ions, Pt(IV), Rh(III), Pd(II), Ir(III), and Ir(IV). 13 references, 4 tables.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The goal of this paper is to explore how compliance with the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA), especially Title IV and emission trading under it, will affect the current relationship between state and federal regulation. It is difficult, with the limited experience we have had under Title IV, to be definitive about or to be a very strong advocate of too many policy positions. What may be most helpful at this point is to identify where the difficult issues in state/federal relations might arise; and then to explore ways in which tensions might be either avoided or resolved. One anticipated conclusion is that a traditional regulatory mindset could be very destructive if applied to this new area of oversight without due sensitivity to what Congress is trying to achieve in Title IV. That concern pervaded the early legislative debates; and it persists today. Title IV presents some unique challenges to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

(I)Results are given for photoproduction of the D{sup *} at 103 GeV. Clean signals are seen for the decay D{sup *{+-}} {yields} {pi}{sup {+-}}D{sup 0} with the D{sup 0} decaying into both K{sup {-+}}{pi}{sup {+-}} and K{sup {-+}}{pi}{sup {+-}}{pi}{sup 0}. Analysis of the Dalitz plot for the K{pi}{pi} mode gives branching fractions (BFs) for K{sup {minus}}{rho}{sup +}, K{sup *{minus}}{pi}{sup +}, and {anti K}{sup *0}{pi}{sup 0} final states. The BF for D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup {minus}}{rho}{sup +}, much lower than a previous result, is in approximate agreement with the value expected for an l=1/2 final state. (II)Inelastic and elastic J/{psi} photoproduction on H is investigated at 103 GeV. The inelastic cross section with E{sub {psi}}/E{sub {gamma}} {lt} 0.9 is significantly lower than the corresponding result for muoproduction on Fe targets, but consistent with second-order perturbative QCD calculation. The mean p{sub +} of inelastic events is larger than that of elastic events. ...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Purpose Cisplatin plus gemcitabine is a standard regimen for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Phase II studies of pemetrexed plus platinum compounds have also shown activity in this setting. Patients and Methods This noninferiority, phase III, randomized study compared the overall survival between treatment arms using a fixed margin method (hazard ratio [HR] < 1.176) in 1,725 chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1. Patients received cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) on day 1 and gemcitabine 1,250 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 (n = 863) or cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) and pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) on day 1 (n = 862) every 3 weeks for up to six cycles. Results Overall survival for cisplatin/pemetrexed was noninferior to cisplatin/ gemcitabine (median survival, 10.3 v 10.3 months, respectively; HR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.05). Overall survival was statistically superior ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this document is to use existing documentation to review the effectiveness of subsurface flow and surface flow constructed wetlands in treating wastewater and to demonstrate the viability of treating effluent from Savannah River Site outfalls H-02 and H-04 with a subsurface flow constructed wetland to lower copper, lead and zinc concentrations to within National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit limits. Constructed treatment wetlands are engineered systems that have been designed and constructed to use the natural functions of wetlands for wastewater treatment. Constructed wetlands have significantly lower total lifetime costs and often lower capital costs than conventional treatment systems. The two main types of constructed wetlands are surface flow and subsurface flow. In surface flow constructed wetlands, water flows above ground. Subsurface flow constructed wetlands are designed to keep the water level below the top of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cultures of 3T3-L1 cells were incubated with either 10 ng/ml cholera toxin or 10 ng/ml pertussis toxin from 4 days prior to the initiation of differentiation and throughout the subsequent incubation. Toxin concentrations were sufficient to completely prevent the labelling of alpha-subunits with ["3"2P]NAD"+ and pertussis toxin and to prevent by more than 90% the labelling with ["3"2P]NAD"+ and cholera toxin in membranes prepared from these cells. Neither toxin prevented the differentiation to the adipocyte phenotype. Neither toxin prevented the increases in the relative amounts of G-proteins which occur upon differentiation. Both toxins dramatically decreased the amount of beta-subunits. As measured by quantitative immunoblotting with antisera specific for both the 35 kDa and 36 kDa beta-subunits, levels of beta-subunit were decreased by more than 50% of steady-state level of control cells. Thus, bacterial toxins which modifies G-protein alpha-subunits are capable ...

Science.gov (United States)

In 18 piglets, weighing 10-15 kg, third-degree burns or full-thickness skin excisions of 4 X 4 cm were inflicted. The effect of five dressing materials on adhesiveness to the wounds, appearance, conformability, wound contraction, bacterial count, and morphology of the wound was studied at the end of the seventh and fourteenth days without dressing changes. In 11 piglets with a burn wound, the most adherent dressing was collagen sponge(CS), followed by polyurethane sponge (PU), pigskin xenograph (PS), and xeroform. CS more effectively debrided the wound from coagulated necrotic tissue than the other dressings. Wound contraction was maximal with CS dressing (52%), followed by PU (44%), xeroform (32%), and PS (27%). In another seven piglets with full-thickness excised wounds, a velour dressing made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or PU adhered significantly more than CS or PS. Wound contraction was greater with CS (37%) or PTFE (35%) than with PS (23%) or PU (18%). ...

Science.gov (United States)

A dialyzable factor(s) in human serum is known to stimulate gonococcal oxygen consumption. Its effect on other human pathogens was investigated. A 10% serum solution increased peak O2 consumption for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to 157% (P less than 0.05) and 199% (P less than 0.02), respectively, of their O2 consumption when suspended in Hanks balanced salt solution, compared with a 356% increase for Neisseria gonorrhoeae with serum. Dialyzed serum lacked stimulatory capacity. Bacteria, serum, and neutrophils are often incubated to evaluate neutrophil bactericidal activity. Samples of 10(8) N. gonorrhoeae, S. aureus, and E. coli turned resazurin colorless (anaerobic conditions, Eh less than -42 mV) after 7.4, 13.3, and 15.1 min, respectively. Because neutrophil formation of reactive oxygen intermediates requires ambient O2, the effect of live bacteria and serum on this process was explored. After 5 min of incubation of 10(8) N. gonorrhoeae or S. aureus in 10% normal or ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We revisit a recently proposed agent-based model of active biological motion and compare its predictions with own experimental findings for the speed distribution of bacterial cells, Salmonella typhimurium. Agents move according to a stochastic dynamics and use energy stored in an internal depot for metabolism and active motion. We discuss different assumptions of how the conversion from internal to kinetic energy d(v) may depend on the actual speed, to conclude that d 2 v ? with either ? = 2 or 1 ? < 2 are promising hypotheses. To test these, we compare the model?s prediction with the speed distribution of bacteria which were obtained in media of different nutrient concentration and at different times. We find that both hypotheses are in line with the experimental observations, with ? bet...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

For the purpose of nationwide surveillance of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens collected from patients in Japan, the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy conducted a third year of nationwide surveillance during the period from January to April 2008. A total of 1,097 strains were collected from clinical specimens obtained from well-diagnosed adult patients with respiratory tract infections. Susceptibility testing was evaluable with 987 strains (189 Staphylococcus aureus, 211 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 6 Streptococcus pyogenes, 187 Haemophilus influenzae, 106 Moraxella catarrhalis, 126 Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 162 Pseudomonas aeruginosa). A total of 44 antibacterial agents, including 26 ?-lactams (four penicillins, three penicillins in combination with ?-lacta...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In situ synthesis of silver chloride (AgCl) nanoparticles was carried out under ambient conditions in nanoporous bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes as nanoreactors. The growth of the nanoparticles was readily obtained by alternating dipping of BC membranes in the solution of silver nitrate or sodium chloride followed by a rinse step. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated the existence of AgCl nanoparticles in the BC and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the AgCl nanoparticles well dispersed on the surface of BC and penetrated into the BC network. The AgCl nanoparticle-impregnated BC membranes exhibited high hydrophilic ability and strong antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). The preparative proced...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this study, bacterial strains were investigated in order to determine their heavy metal tolerance. The bacterial strains were identified as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus pumilus. In the batch system, the effects of operating variables such as solution pH, initial metal concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dosage were investigated. Both isolates were highly resistance to copper and lead in comparison with the control strain examined. The adsorption capacities of B. cereus and B. pumilus were found to be 22.1mg/g and 28.06mg/g, respectively. The biosorption follows pseudo-second order kinetics and the isotherm fits well to the Langmuir isotherm model. In column experiments, the biosorption was fitted well by the Thomas model. The breakthrough and exhaustion capacity of each biosorben...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We compared an idealised mathematical model of the lower part of the pelagic food web to experimental data from a mesocosm experiment in which the supplies of mineral nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous), bioavailable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC, as glucose), and silicate were manipulated. The central hypothesis of the experiment was that bacterial consumption of BDOC depends on whether the growth rate of heterotrophic bacteria is limited by organic-C or by mineral nutrients. In previous work, this hypothesis was examined qualitatively using a conceptual food web model. Here we explore the extent to which a ?simplest possible?? mathematical version of this conceptual model can reproduce the observed dynamics. The model combines algal?bacterial competition for mineral nutrients (phosphor...

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The synchronous orbit performance of Hughes Aircraft Company solar arrays is presented and compared with the results of ground based predictions for orbital durations of almost 11 years. Performances of the Intelsat IV*, IVA*, and Telesat (Anik) solar arrays are detailed. This paper is an update of the in-orbit performances previously reported in 1976 (1). The in-space performance data indicate solar array power degradation of 16.7 percent for Intelsat IV F-2 after 130 months in orbit, and 13.0 percent for Telesat F-1 after 85 months in orbit. The predicted output of each of these solar arrays is within 2 percent of the actual in-orbit performance of these systems. The Intelsat IV F-2 experienced the 4 August 1972 solar flare. The ability to accurately predict the performance of solar arrays within telemetry accuracy is demonstrated. This ability combines the electrical measurements of a solar array in the ...

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Ex vivo (/sup 3/H)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetraline ((/sup 3/H)-DPAT) binding to the hippocampus has been utilized to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of buspirone after i.v. and oral administration of this drug to rats. Intravenous buspirone rapidly penetrated the brain as demonstrated by a maximum inhibition of (/sup 3/H)-DPAT binding at 1 min. Elimination of drug from the brain was biphasic, with a first component half-life of 24.8 min and a second component half-life of 96 min. Oral buspirone at 3 times the i.v. dose produced less than one-third the maximum inhibition of (/sup 3/H)-DPAT binding compared to that observed with i.v. buspirone. The pharmacokinetic parameters of buspirone observed in the present study are in agreement with those reported previously. Thus, the ex vivo binding assay could be utilized to determine the bioavailability of the drug to the brain, and its duration of action. 20 ...

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Korea has participated in GIF from early stage, and played an important role in GIF as an original signatory of the GIF Charter. Korea has dispatched two representatives of GIF Policy Group and Expert Group respectively. Korea submitted 10 concepts of Gen IV for Gen IV technology roadmap. Korea's KALIMER and SMART concepts have stood higher in technological evaluation. 7 Korean experts were dispatched for Gen IV technology roadmap (4 from institution, 3 from industry and 1 form academia). Furthermore, USA's NTD (Near term Deployment) will be expanded to I-NTD (International NTD). This study suggested that Korea should propose APR-1400 as I-NTD concept for I-NTD discussion in GIF. Finally, Korea and USA jointly decided to fund 2 million dollars respectively for 2001 I-ERI program and selected 6 projects for the program, which are composed of 4 for LWR area and 2 for I and C area. 27 refs., 6 figs., 11 tabs. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacteria were isolated from surface soils and coastal plain subsurface (including deep aquifer) sediments (depths to 265 m) at a study site near Aiken, S.C., by plating on...Full Text Available

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Our work is towards mechanistically understanding interactions of unsaturated bacterial biofilms and their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with actinide metals and metal surrogates under vadose zone conditions. Because metal contaminants in the vadose zone co-occur with organic pollutants, some of our work has included experiments with organic pollutants.

Science.gov (United States)

We introduce a discrete multiplicative process as a generic model of competition. Players with different abilities successively join the game and compete for finite resources. Emergence of dominant players and evolutionary development occur as a phase transition. The competitive dynamics underlying this transition is understood from a formal analogy to statistical mechanics. The theory is applicable to bacterial competition, predicting novel population dynamics near criticality.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The positive control function of the bacterial enhancer-binding protein NtrC resides in its central domain, which is highly conserved among activators of ς⁵⁴ holoenzyme. Previous...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary malignant hepatic neoplasm. We describe two cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma which initially presented as liver abscess both clinically and radiologically. Mucin-hypersecretion from the tumor cells and extensive necrosis or secondary bacterial infection was responsible for the radiologic appearance of a liver abscess.=20

Science.gov (United States)

We sequenced 16S rRNA genes from the vaginal swab contents of a postmenopausal woman with asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV). Sequences from Atopobium vaginae were the most commonly detected. In a survey of 35 other postmenopausal women, this organism was detected in 44% with BV but not in any subjects deemed healthy. PMID:15071062

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe ability of catecholamines to stimulate bacterial growth was first demonstrated just over a decade ago. Little is still known however, concerning the nature of the putative...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study in human volunteers was designed to compare the retention of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) in the body after intravenous (i.v.) injection with that following inhalation by using a /sup 14/C labelled tracer. After i.v. injection retention in the blood could be described by three exponential components with half-times of about 1.4 min (approx. 60%). By 24 Ehr more than 99% of the /sup 14/C-DTPA had been excreted in the urine and less than 0.5% remained in the plasma. After inhalation of /sup 14/C-DTPA retention in the lungs could be represented by a single component with a half time of about 75 min. As a consequence the length of time that a therapeutically useful amount of DTPA is retained in the body is approximately twice that following intravenous injection.

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Most analyses of the alternative strategies used by utilities to comply with Title IV requirements have focused on factors directly related to controlling sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) emissions. However, utilities must meet a number of additional environmental requirements at the same tune they comply with the acid rain program. To illuminate the potential synergies and conflicts that might exist between the other regulatory mandates and the acid rain program, a thorough examination of all the various programs and their interrelationships must be conducted. This paper reviews the environmental mandates that utilities will have to plan to meet in the next decade concurrently with the acid rain program, and it analyzes the interactions among the various programs to identify potential synergies and conflicts.

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

We examine moving average (MA) filters for estimating the integrated variance (IV) of a financial asset price in a framework where high-frequency price data are contaminated with market microstructure noise. We show that the sum of squared MA residuals must be scaled to enable a suitable estimator of IV. The scaled estimator is shown to be consistent, first-order efficient, and asymptotically Gaussian distributed about the integrated variance under restrictive assumptions. Under more plausible assumptions, such as time-varying volatility, the MA model is misspecified. This motivates an extensive simulation study of the merits of the MA-based estimator under misspecification. Specifically, we consider nonconstant volatility combined with rounding errors and various forms of dependence between the noise and efficient returns. We benchmark the scaled MA-based estimator to subsample and realized kernel estimators and find that the MA-based ...

Science.gov (United States)

This report is part of a four-volume study of Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) economics. This volume describes a computer model of VAWT cost and performance factors useful for system design and optimization. The content and limitations of the model are outlined. Output data are presented to demonstrate selection of optima and to indicate sensitivity of energy cost to design parameter variations. Optimized specifications generated by this model for six point designs are summarized. These designs subsequently receive a detailed economic analysis discussed in Volume IV. An appendix is included with a FORTRAN IV listing of the model and a description of the input/output characteristics.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The progress report for the Theoretical Physics Division of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Harwell, 1985/6 is presented. The Division's research programme is divided into four sections - i) nuclear power (fuels, inspection and safety aspects), ii) radioactive waste management, iii) underlying research, and iv) non-nuclear contract research. The report contains a description of the research work carried out on these four topics in the above period. (U.K.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Y2Te4O11:Eu3+ and Y2Te5O13:Eu3+ single crystals in sub-millimeter scale were synthesized from the binary oxides (Y2O3, Eu2O3 and TeO2) using CsCl as fluxing agent. Crystallographic structures of the undoped yttrium oxotellurates(IV) Y2Te4O11 and Y2Te5O13 have been determined and refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. In Y2Te4O11, a layered structure is present where the reticulated sheets consisting of edge-sharing [YO8]13- polyhedra are interconnected by the oxotellurate(IV) units, whereas in Y2Te5O13 only double chains of condensed yttrium-oxygen polyhedra with coordination numbers of 7 and 8 are left, now linked in two crystallographic directions by the oxotellurate(IV) entities. The Eu3+ luminescence spectra and the decay time from different energy levels of the doped compounds were investigated and all detected emission levels were identified. Luminescence properties of the Eu3+ cations have been ...

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The optimum conditions of complex formation of rhenium(IV) with acetylacetone in water-ethanol medium were found, and a spectrophotometric method for determining rhenium with limit of detection 0.1 ..mu..g/ml was proposed. Rhenium can be determined in the presence of a 1000-fold excess of molybdenum. The procedure was tested on model solutions and used for the determination of rhenium in alloys.

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The objective of Phase IV of the contract is to design a conceptual flue gas treating unit based on the fluidized-bed Copper Oxide (FBCO) process for a new coal-fired 500 MW(e) power plant. A technical and economic evaluation of the FBCO process, based on the conceptual design, will also be completed. Progress is described.

Science.gov (United States)

Several randomized placebo-controlled trials have consistently shown antidyskinetic effects of amantadine in levodopa treated patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). However, all of these were of short duration and there have been claims that the effect of amantadine on levodopa induced dyskinesias (LID's) wear off after about 9 months of treatment. This randomized placebo-controlled parallel-group study was performed to assess the long-term antidyskinetic effect of amantadine in 32 PD patients, who after having been on stable amantadine therapy for LID over at least one year- were switched in a double blind manner to amantadine or placebo and followed for 3 weeks. Dyskinesia duration and intensity were assessed by UPDRS IV items 32 and 33 as well as by patient's diaries. The primary outcome was the score change of UPDRS IV items 32 + 33 between baseline and 3 weeks after treatment as well as the between treatment group comparison of ...

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A generic insensitive fuze train to initiate insensitive high explosives, such as PBXW-124. The insensitive fuze train uses a slapper foil to initiate sub-gram quantities of an explosive, such as HNS-IV or PETN. This small amount of explosive drives a larger metal slapper onto a booster charge of an insensitive explosive, such as UF-TATB. The booster charge initiates a larger charge of an explosive, such as LX-17, which in turn, initiates the insensitive high explosive, such as PBXW-124.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A multi-group neutron-gamma cross-section library in DTF-IV format is supplemented with electron production matrix to generate a coupled neutron-gamma-electron library. This is realized by estimating the contributions from Compton scattering, pair production and photoelectric effect to the electron production cross-sections. A novel application of this new library, which involves transport of neutrons, gammas and electrons, for estimating the Compton current due to a pulse of radiation in air is discussed.

Science.gov (United States)

...to roam. (iv) All dogs must be on a leash when...posted. (v) We allow working a dog in refuge waters by tossing...has occurred. (f) Military, fire or emergency vehicles...prohibited. (r) Pets. Dogs and other pets, on a...

Science.gov (United States)

Gestational Diabetes; Type 2 Diabetes

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Biofumigation with Muscodor albus was investigated to control four fungal decay pathogens (Phytophthora erythroseptica, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum) and four bacterial pathogens (Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua) in controlled atmosphere conditions (regular air (20.8% O2+0.03% CO2), high CO2 (20.8% O2+15% CO2) or low O2 (1% O2+0.03% CO2)). In vitro experiments involved 48h exposure to M. albus at 3degreeC or 20degreeC, in vivo experiments involved 72h exposure to M. albus at 3degreeC. In vitro biofumigation with M. albus in regular air at 20degreeC killed all the pathogens. Bacterial growth was best controlled by M. albus at 20degreeC regardless of atmospheric conditions whereas fungal gro...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind, parallel dose-response study investigated the impact of 4-week commercial yoghurt consumption supplemented with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB-12) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5) on fecal bacterial counts of healthy adults. Fifty-eight volunteers were randomly assigned to three different groups: 1. placebo (no probiotic, no starter and no green tea extract); 2. Yoptimal (10^9cfu/100g of BB-12 and LA-5 and 40mg of green tea extract) and 3. Yoptimal-10 (10^1^0cfu/100g of BB-12, 10^9cfu/100g of LA-5 and 40mg of green tea extract). These yoghurt products also contained Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (10^7cfu/100g) and Streptococcus thermophilus (10^1^0cfu/100g). The quantitative PCR (qPCR) results showed that ther...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objective To compare the levels of interleukin (IL)-1?, IL-6, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 in the vaginal secretions of pregnant women with a positive fetal fibronectin (fFN) test result with or without asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV) before and after treatment with oral clindamycin. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted among 43 pregnant women with a positive fFN test result. All patients were treated with clindamycin, and the pre- and post-treatment levels of IL-1?, IL-6, and MMP-8 were compared. Results Before treatment, levels of IL-1? and MMP-8 were significantly higher in women with BV compared with women without BV (P<0.05). Vaginal levels of IL-1? and IL-6, but not MMP-8, decreased after treatment in pregnant women with BV. Conclusions The inability of clin...

Science.gov (United States)

Infant mice were used to measure the amount of fluid accumulation (enterosorption) in the intestinal tract after oral inoculation of a porcine strain of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (K88-+, Ent-+). Significant reduction in the amount of fluid found in the intestinal tract was observed if the mice were first inoculated with a K88-possessing, non-enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli. The protection provided is thought to be due to specific competition for attachment sites on cells of the small intestine. PMID:1095492

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Papers in this book illustrate the utility of mineral biotechnology with respect to biobeneficiation, bioleaching, bioremediation and biomineralization. Papers of particular interest to the coal industry include: depression of pyrite flotation by yeast and bacteris (S.K. Kawatra and T.C. Eisele); desulfurization of coal by microbial flotation in a semicontinuous system (T. Nagaoka and others); biochemical removal of HAP precursors from coal - INEEL slurry column testing (K.S. Noah and G.J. Olson); microorganisms, biotechnology and acid rock drainage - emphasis on passive-biological control and treatment methods (N. Kuyucak); and utility of bioreagents in mineral processing (P. Somasundaran and others).

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The analgesic, dipyrone (1,phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolone-4-methylamino methane sulphonate sodium), at 20 mM concentration, inhibited the rejoining of single-strand scissions in DNA of Escherichia coli B/r cells induced by 20 krad gamma-radiation. The chemical altered the cell membrane structure as evidenced from the uptake of acriflavin, the efflux of potassium ions from the bacterial cells and the inhibition of alkaline phosphatase-a cell membrane associated enzyme. (author). 18 refs., 6 figures.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary Although many antibiotics are available for the treatment of bacterial infections, the emergence and global spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a community-wide problem. To overcome this problem, we must explore alternative antimicrobials. This study investigated the antibacterial properties of quercetin, a flavonoid present in vegetables and fruits. Quercetin was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and was found to exert selective antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Some clinical MRSA strains showed remarkable susceptibility to quercetin. In combination with antibiotics, such as oxacillin, ampicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, and erythromycin, quercetin sho...

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This thesis contains the candidate's original work on excitonic structure and energy transfer dynamics of two bacterial antenna complexes as studied using spectral hole-burning spectroscopy. The general introduction is divided into two chapters (1 and 2). Chapter 1 provides background material on photosynthesis and bacterial antenna complexes with emphasis on the two bacterial antenna systems related to the thesis research. Chapter 2 reviews the underlying principles and mechanism of persistent nonphotochemical hole-burning (NPHB) spectroscopy. Relevant energy transfer theories are also discussed. Chapters 3 and 4 are papers by the candidate that have been published. Chapter 3 describes the application of NPHB spectroscopy to the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) complex from the green sulfur bacterium Prosthecochloris aestuarii; emphasis is on determination of the low energy vibrational structure that is important for ...

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Spice extracts under the form of essential oils were tested for their efficiency to increase the relative radiosensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157H7 in culture media. The two pathogens were treated by gamma-irradiation alone or in combination with oregano essential oil to evaluate their mechanism of action. The membrane murein composition, and the intracellular and extracellular concentration of ATP was determined. The bacterial strains were treated with two irradiation doses: 1.2 kGy to induce cell damage and 3.5 kGy to cause cell death for L. monocytogenes. A dose of 0.4 kGy to induce cell damages, 1.1 kGy to obtain viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state and 1.3 kGy to obtain a lethal dose was also applied on E. coli O157H7. Oregano essential oil was used at 0.020% and 0.025% (w/v), which is the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for L. monocytogenes. For E. coli O157H7, a concentration of 0.006% and 0.025% (w/v) which is the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Accelerator Transmutation Waste System is under development at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The goal is to perform an independent verification of the feasibility of actinide and long-lived fission product burning in this system. The authors' work is divided into five tasks: (a) production of an actinide and long-lived fission product cross section library from JEF 2.2; (b) simulation using MCNP and KENO IV Monte Carlo codes, of the Accelerator Transmutation Waste System configurations existing in literature; (c) validation of HETC Monte Carlo code (production of spallation source); (d) validation of the cross sections by comparison of Keff and reaction rate results, calculated with MNCP and KENO IV, with experimental benchmarks and intercomparison between the authors' calculations of a PWR unit cell and the computations carried out with various codes and cross section libraries (NEACRP critically group data); and (e) simulation of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

With the exception of some minerals, the specific activity of natural radioactive material is below 370 Bq/g, their handling thus not being subject to authorization or the duty of reporting according to section 4 para. 2 of the Radiological Protection Ordinance. Moreover, there is required no handling license for prospecting, mining and processing of radioactive minerals; they are subject to the procedures for the plans of operation of the mining laws of the Federal States. License-free handling of natural radioactive material may result in the production of radioactive waste, the disposal of which must be authorized according to sect. 47 of the Radiological Protection Ordinance if the specific activity exceeds the free amounts of column 4 in Table IV of Appendix IV by a factor of 10"-"4/g. This inconsistency is discussed by means of the following examples: (1) fly ash and slag from coal power plants, (2) flue dust from sintering plants, (3) ...

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Lipid A from several strains of the N{sub 2}-fixing bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum displays significant structural differences from Escherichia coli lipid A, one of which is the complete absence of phosphate groups. However, the first seven enzymes of E. coli lipid A biosynthesis, leading from UDP-GlcNAc to the phosphorylated intermediate, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonate (Kdo{sub 2})-lipid IV{sub A}, are present in R. leguminosarum. We now describe a membrane-bound phosphatase in R. leguminosarum extracts that removes the 4{prime} phosphate of Kdo{sub 2}-lipid IV{sub A}. The 4{prime} phosphatase is selective for substrates containing the Kdo domain. It is present in extracts of R. leguminosarum biovars phaseoli, viciae, and trifolii but is not detectable in E. coli and Rhizobium meliloti. A nodulation-defective strain (24AR) of R. leguminosarum bovar trifolii, known to contain a 4{prime} phosphate residue on its lipid A, also lacks measurable ...

CERN Document Server

Aims. We attempt to detect starlight reflected from a hot Jupiter, orbiting the main-sequence star HD 75289Ab. We report a revised analysis of observations of this planetary system presented previously by another research group. Methods. We analyse high-precision, high-resolution spectra, collected over four nights using UVES at the VLT/UT2, by way of data synthesis. We try to interpret our data using different atmospheric models for hot Jupiters. Results. We do not find any evidence for reflected light, and, therefore, establish revised upper limits to the planet-to-star flux ratio at the 99.9% significance level. At high orbital inclinations, where the best sensitivity is attained, we can limit the relative reflected radiation to be less than e = 6.7 x 10-5 assuming a grey albedo, and e = 8.3 x 10-5 assuming an Class IV function, respectively. This implies a geometric albedo smaller than p = 0.46 and p = 0.57, for the grey albedo and the Class ...

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We have investigated CeTSi{sub 3} and CeTGe{sub 3} (T = Rh and Ir) by measuring the magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, electrical resistivity, the resonant inverse photoemission (RIPES) and M{sub IV,V} x-ray absorption spectra (XAS). The germanides showed a very weak Kondo effect, but the silicides exhibited a negatively large Weiss temperature (approx. = -130 K) and a lnT dependence of magnetic resistivity above 100 K, suggesting that they are a Kondo-lattice compound with a high Kondo temperature T{sub K} (approx. = 100 K). The Curie-Weiss law suggests that Ce atoms in these compounds remain close to 3+ down to about 150 K in spite of their high T{sub K}. In general, both RIPES and M{sub IV,V} XAS support their apparently stable valency. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ion implantation and subsequent annealing are essential stages in today's advanced CMOS processing. Although the dopant implanted profile can be accurately predicted by analytical fits calibrated with SIMS profiles, the damage has to be estimated with a binary collision approximation implant simulator. Some models have been proposed, like the '+n', in an attempt to simplify the anneal simulation. We have used the atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo dados to elucidate which are the implant modeling features most relevant in the simulation of transient enhanced diffusion (TED). For the experimental conditions studied we find that the spatial correlation of the I, V Frenkel pairs is not critical in order to yield the correct I supersaturation, that can be simulated just taking into account the net I-V excess distribution. In contrast to, simulate impurity clustering/deactivation when there is an impurity concentration comparable to the net I-V excess, ...

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The oxidation of Cr(III) hydroxides, mixed Fe(III)-Cr(III) hydroxides, and specimens of spinel phases NiCr2O4 and Fe(Cr,Fe)2O4 have been investigated in alkaline suspensions under the action of air and pure oxygen (1-3 atm). The rate of reaction increases with increasing alkali concentration, temperature, and oxygen pressure. Pu(IV) fixed on chromium hydroxides is not oxidized by oxygen under these conditions but is retained in the precipitate.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Current information on the use of ionizing radiation for improving the storage of subtropical fruits like citrus, grapes, and avocados is reviewed. The feasibility of applying radiation either alone or in combination with other physical or chemical treatments for the control of postharvest fungal diseases is considered. Irradiation effects on the physiology of the fruits as related to respiration, ethylene evolution, changes in major chemical constituents, and quality are discussed. The recent trends in the possible use of irradiation as an alternative treatment to chemical fumigants for disinfestation of citrus and avocados and the prospects for the future application of irradiation for preservation of some of these fruits are outlined. 128 references.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nuclear energy related research in Switzerland is concentrated at PSI's Nuclear Energy and Safety Research Department (NES). The activities of the department are concentrated on three main domains of: Safety and related problems of operating plants; safety features of future reactor and fuel cycles; waste management. Comprehensive assessments of energy systems are carried out in cooperation with PSI's General Energy Research Department. Many of the programs are part of collaborations with universities, industry, or international organisations. Progress in 2000 in these topical areas is described in this report. A list of scientific publications in 2000 is also provided.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This report provides a summary of theoretical and experimental studies of actinide spectra in condensed phases. Much of the work was accomplished at Argonne National Laboratory, but references to related investigations by others are included. Spectroscopic studies of the trivlent actinides are emphasized, as is the use of energy level parameters, evaluated from experimental data, to investigate systematic trends in electronic structure and other properties. Some reference is made to correlations with atomic spectra, as well as with spectra of the (II), (IV), and higher valence states. 207 refs., 39 figs., 38 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A safety analysis code, named as SPACE, for a pressurized water reactor is under development to obtain a licensing to be used for the PWR design and to hold entire proprietary rights. The task of KAERI is to develop the physical models and correlations which are required to solve the field equations. It can be divided into four parts; i) flow regime determination, ii) wall heat transfer, iii) wall and interfacial friction, iv) interfacial heat and mass transfer. This paper will describe the process to develop the models for the two-phase flow regime maps in the horizontal and vertical pipes.

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The addition of carbon to samples, during imaging, presents a barrier to accurate TEM analysis, the controlled deposition of hydrocarbons by a focused electron beam can be a useful technique for local nanometer-scale sculpting of material. Here we use hydrocarbon deposition to form nanopores from larger focused ion beam (FIB) holes in silicon nitride membranes. Using this method, we close 100-200nm diameter holes to diameters of 10nm and below, with deposition rates of 0.6nm per minute. I-V characteristics of electrolytic flow through these nanopores agree quantitatively with a one dimensional model at all examined salt concentrations.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The radiation properties of the #alpha# emitter "2"1"1At are in favor of its application malignant tumor therapy. As a basis for further investigations the biokinetics of At"-, At x H_2O, At I_2"-, and [At(thio)_2]"+ were determined after i.v. injection into healthy and tumor-bearing mice. The estimation of the ion mobility of the carrier-free compounds allowed the use of uniquely characterized initial compounds. The organ distribution of all species examined was similar to the distribution of astatide. Accumulation was found in the thyroid and other inner organs. (author).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

U.v.-visible-absorption and e.p.r. spectroscopy were used to study the type 2 and type 3 copper centres in the mercury derivative of laccase. After treatment with peroxide the mercury derivative of...Full Text Available

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Preparation of a uranous nitrate solution from the reduction process of a uranyl nitrate solution by using electrodialysis technique with a cation exchange membrane has been studied. Uranyl ions were reduced into uranous ions in a nitric acid solution stabilized by hydrazine sulfate in a two-compartment electrolytic cell made from flexiglass. Platinum and carbon or stainless steel were used as anode and cathode, respectively. The electrodialysis process was carried out at room temperature. A piece of cation exchange membrane was inserted between the two compartments and the distance between electrode and membrane was 1.5 cm and this was kept constant throughout the experiment. A 100 ml of a nitric acid 1.4 M solution was in the anode chamber as analyte, whilst a 100 ml of a uranyl nitrate solution with the uranium concentration of 23.97 g/l was in the cathode chamber containing hydrazine sulfate. The parameters tasted were reduction voltage, the amount of hydrazine sulfate added, and ...