UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Amide n –π^* and π-π^* excitations around 200 nm are prominent spectroscopic...Full Text Available

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The synthesis and structure-activity relationship analysis of a novel class of amide-based biaryl NR2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists are presented. Some of the studied compounds are potent, selective, non-competitive, and voltage-independent antagonists of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors. Like the founding member of this class of antagonists (ifenprodil), several interesting compounds of the series bind to the amino terminal domain of the NR2B subunit to inhibit function. Analogue potency is modulated by linker length, flexibility, and hydrogen bonding opportunities. However, unlike previously described classes of NR2B-selective NMDA antagonists that exhibit off-target activity at a variety of monoamine receptors, the compounds described herein show much diminished effects against the...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Certain radioiodine containing amides useful as brain imaging agents are disclosed. The compounds of the subject invention are represented by the formula

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The amino acid residues 114-118 in actin were found to be implicated strongly in the binding of nucleotide, and as would be expected for such an important binding site, they are located in a completely conserved region of the actin sequence. A 19-residue peptide with the actin sequence 106-124 was synthesized in order to span the putative triphosphate binding site. Proton NMR spectra of the actin peptide 114-118 in the presence and absence of ATP indicated that Arg-116 and Lys-118 are particularly involved in binding ATP. A strong binding of ATP to the peptide 106-124 also was measured. Tripolyphosphate bound to the peptide 106-124 somewhat more weakly than ATP. Binding involved residues 115-118 and 121-124, indicating the presence of a reverse turn between these segments. Proton resonances were assigned by using two-dimensional double quantum correlated spectroscopy, one-dimensional spin decoupling techniques, one-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement difference spectroscopy, and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

During complementary chromatic adaptation (CCA), cyanobacterial light harvesting structures called phycobilisomes are restructured in response to ambient light quality shifts. Transcription of genes...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bisaminoethanethiol (BAT) ligands with various gem-dimethyl and amide groups were prepared, and the corresponding neutral Tc-99m complexes were prepared and evaluated for their relative stabilities by ligand-exchange reactions. It was demonstrated that technetium complexes containing gem-dimethyl substituents have higher lipophilicities, whereas those with an amide group possess greater stability, which enhances ligand-exchange reaction. The most interesting observation was that the brain uptake in rats is not determined only by lipophilicity. Apparently, Tc-99m complexes with an amide functional group display lower brain uptakes in rats compared to those without an amide group. The brain uptake was strongly influenced by substituents on the BAT ligand. These factors are critically important and should be taken into consideration when designing Tc-99m-labeled agents for CNS receptor imaging.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bisaminoethanethiol (BAT) ligands with various gem-dimethyl and amide groups were prepared, and the corresponding neutral Tc-99m complexes were prepared and evaluated for their relative stabilities by ligand-exchange reactions. It was demonstrated that technetium complexes containing gem-dimethyl substituents have higher lipophilicities, whereas those with an amide group possess greater stability, which enhances ligand-exchange reaction. The most interesting observation was that the brain uptake in rats is not determined only by lipophilicity. Apparently, Tc-99m complexes with an amide functional group display lower brain uptakes in rats compared to those without an amide group. The brain uptake was strongly influenced by substituents on the BAT ligand. These factors are critically important and should be taken into consideration when designing Tc-99m-labeled agents for CNS receptor imaging.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundFourier Transform Infrared Imaging (FTIRI) is used to investigate the amide anisotropies at different surfaces of a three-dimensional cartilage or tendon block. With the...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Traffic characterization is an important means for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to adapt and to optimize their networks to the requirements of the customers. Most network measurements are performed in the backbone of these ISPs, showing both, residential and business Internet traffic. However, the traffic characteristics of business and home users differ significantly. Therefore, we have performed measurements of home users at a broadband wireless access service provider in order to reflect only home user traffic characteristics. In this paper, we present the results of these measurements, showing daily traffic fluctuations, flow statistics as well as application distributions. The results show a difference to backbone traffic characteristics. Furthermore, we observed a shift from web...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We investigate quantum mechanical electron transport along the long axis of the DNA molecule using an effective tight-binding model. The overall contour plot of transmission, the current-voltage characteristics, and the differential conductance are examined for the variation of backbone onsite energy, the energy-dependent hopping strength, and the contact coupling between the leads and the DNA molecule. It is shown that as backbone asymmetry increases, the merging and collapse of the two mini-bands take place and an extra resonance peak in the transmission appears. In addition, we present the modulation of voltage threshold in the current-voltage curves and a double-peak structure in the differential conductance due to the disappearance of the merged mini-band. Finally, in the Coulomb bloc...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Total synthesis of cis-solamin A was accomplished without using protecting groups starting from (-)-muricatacin in 11 steps with an overall yield of 4.5%. The backbone of cis-solamin A was constructed by olefin cross-metathesis between the tetrahydrofuran moiety and g-lactone moiety. An enzymatic kinetic transesterification procedure was successfully applied to the synthesis of an optically pure g-lactone moiety.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Positioning of release factor eRF1 toward adenines and the ribose-phosphate backbone of the UAAA stop signal in the ribosomal decoding site was studied using messenger RNA (mRNA) analogs containing...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Several examples of the 14-membered, para-bridged ring system of the cyclopeptide alkaloids have been synthesized via an active ester cyclization. The yield of monomeric cyclopeptide varied from 1 to 33% and was affected by the amino acid substitution pattern and amide conformation of the linear peptide precursors. Both the synthetic models and a naturally occurring cyclopeptide alkaloid, ceanothine B, bind monovalent (Li"+) and divalent (Ca"2"+, Mg"2"+) cations. 4 figures, 1 table.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cathodic reduction of non-terminal vinylaxides on Hg cathodes in the presence of electrophiles gives reasonable yields of N-acylated enamines in an electrochemically totally irreversible reaction. In the presence of added H-donors rather high selectivity for formation of saturated amides is achieveable. The influence of reaction conditions on product distribution is discussed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Soluble starch?based biodegradable and microporous microspheres (SDM-Ms) were prepared by emulsion chemical cross-linking technique using trisodium trimetaphosphate (TSTP) as the cross-linker. The resultant amorphous SDM-Ms were excellently identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The internal rupture and surface-controlled erosion were the predominant degradation mechanisms for SDM-Ms. The obtained SDM-Ms were applied to adsorb coix seed oil (CSO) by immersing method. The adsorption capacity of CSO within SDM-Ms was determined, namely 0.5238?g/g, and the thermal stability was shown higher than that of the free CSO. A burst release appeared in the second hour, followed by controlled release. Diffusion, d...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A new strontium metal-organic framework, [Sr2(BTEC)(H2O)4] 2H2O (1) (H4BTEC=benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid), has been successfully synthesized by mixing the starting reagents. The single-crystal structure analysis showed that compound 1 displayed three-dimensional structures containing inorganic motifs with two-dimensional layers pillar-connected through organic linkers and forming water-coordinated neutral framework. Further studies revealed that compound 1 was insoluble in water and that it emitted strong luminescence at approximately 437nm after dehydration.

CERN Document Server

The effect of pair-binding energy variations on the denaturation of double stranded DNAs is investigated. Using a two-parameter renormalization group (RG) analysis and extensive transfer matrix calculations, we find a random quenched-in variations to be marginally irrelevant, indicating that the system is self-averaging at the transition. The effect of a recently-proposed variable backbone stiffness is also investigated. Although irrelevant in the RG sense, it dramatically amplifies the randomness, leading to the appearance of ``multi-step melting'' for realistic sequences. These results are relevant to the adsorption of random heteropolymers and the wetting of disordered substrates.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This invention is a manufacturing method of a metal-hydrogen alkali battery cell consisting of a positive electrode of metal oxides, alkaline electrolyte solution and a separator containing an amide-radical, wherein the above treating solution is aqueous solution of KOH (or NaOH) which is heated at least at 40 centigrade and the separator is first immersiion-treated and then water-washed and dried. The amide-radical-containing separaator uses a nylon non-woven fabrics. Average molecular weight of nylon 66 is 12,000 - 20,000. In this invention, in order to improve the storage ability and the cycle characteristics which are caused by corrosion of a separator which takes place in the cell after its assembly, the separator is immersed in a hot alkali in order to obtain a non-woven fabric of nylon 66 consisting of alkali-stable high molecular weight portion, which is assembled into a battery. By this, the dissolving of the non-woven fabric and the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A preliminary chemical characterization is presented of phosphate-free aminolipids isolation from Chlorobium limicola f. thiosulfatophilum. The lipid contains no phosphorus, glycerol, sugar, ornithine, or lysine. Ultraviolet absorption and fluorescence spectra indicate that the amino moiety of the lipid is an aromatic heterocyclic compound. Infrared spectra indicate that the lipid is a secondary or tertiary amide, and gas chromatograhic analysis of the hydrolyzed lipid shows that for each 1100 g of lipid, 1 mol of myristic acid (C/sub 14:0/) is linked in an amide bond. Acid hydrolysis of the lipid yields two fluorescent substances, A (ninhydrine positive) and B (negative), in addition to myristic acid. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies indicate that substance A contains a butyl groups attached to a conjugated ring carbon, two equivalent ethyl groups attached to one or two nitrogen atoms, and two downfield protons (8.4 ppm), ...

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The purified integral membrane protein, band 3, from human erythrocytes was inserted into egg lecithin liposomes. The insertion of band 3 was determined from thermal transition data from the analysis of the C-H stretching region bands recorded at temperatures from 25 to -22[sup o]C. Raman spectra show that band 3 considerably broadens and lowers the thermal transition of egg lecithin liposomes, suggesting the insertion of band 3. The band 3-inserted liposomes were irradiated with gamma-rays (40 Gy) and the radiation target groups were determined by the analysis of the structural sensitive Raman bands in the 1600-1700 cm[sup -1] (amide I), 1200-1300 cm[sup -1] (amide III) and 550-1030 cm[sup -1] (side chain amino groups) regions. The radiation-sensitive groups as identified from Raman spectra in the region 550-1030 cm[sup -1] are tyrosines and cysteines. The radiation-induced changes in the secondary structure were determined from ...

CERN Document Server

IP Multicast is one of the most absolute method for large bandwidth Internet applications such as video conference, IPTV, E-Learning and Telemedicine etc., But due to security and management reason IP Multicast is not enabled in Internet backbone routers. To achieve these challenges, lot of Application Layer Multicast (ALM) has been proposed. All the existing protocols such as NICE, ZIGZAG and OMNI are trying to reduce average delay by forming a Multicast tree. But still that problem has not been addressed fully. We are proposing a new protocol called NetRawALM, which will address the average delay, Reliability between nodes, Scalability of conference, Heterogeneity and resilient data distribution for real time multimedia applications by constructing the Network based Resource aware Multicast tree algorithm. This is very dynamic and decentralised. The proposed architecture is a LAN aware; it is used to reduce Internet Traffic.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Genetic mapping is approached using the techniques of high resolution fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). This technology and the results of its application are designed to rapidly generate whole genome as tool box of expressed sequence to speed the identification of human disease genes. The results of this study are intended to dovetail with and to link the results of existing technologies for creating backbone YAC and genetic maps. In the first eight months, this approach generated 60--80% of the expressed sequence map, the remainder expected to be derived through more long-term, labor-intensive, regional chromosomal gene searches or sequencing. The laboratory has made significant progress in the set-up phase, in mapping fetal and adult brain and other cDNAs, in testing a model system for directly linking genetic and physical maps using FISH with small fragments, in setting up a database, and in establishing the validity and throughput of the system.

CERN Document Server

The emergence of nanoscience has increased the importance of experiments able to probe the very local structure of materials, especially for disordered and heterogeneous systems. This is technologically important; for example, the nanoscale structure of glassy polymers has a direct correlation with their macroscopic physical properties. We have discovered how a local, high frequency dynamic process can be used to monitor and even predict macroscopic behavior in glassy polymers. Polyvinylethylenes vitrified by different chemical and thermodynamic pathways exhibit different densities in the glassy state. We find that the rate and amplitude of a high frequency relaxation mode (the Johari-Goldstein process involving local motion of segments of the chain backbone) can either correlate or anti-correlate with the density. This implies that neither the unoccupied (free) volume nor the configurational entropy governs the local dynamics in any general sense. Rather it is the ...

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To establish a relationship between the molecular structure of polycarboxylates and their growth-retarding influence on barium sulfate, seeded-suspension-growth experiments were performed at various inhibitor concentrations and pH values. Two types of polycarboxylates with a molecular structure based on their polyacrylic or maleic acid were studied. The molecular structure of these compounds were varied by particle substitution with monomers containing hydroxyl, amide, and sulfonic acid, as well as hydrophobic groups. Hydrophobic groups are detrimental to good inhibitor performance, whereas the introduction of OH, NH {sub 2}, or SO {sub 3} H groups presents opportunities to enhance the inhibitor effectiveness. The sequence in performance of the compounds on barium sulfate was compared with the sequence formerly obtained for calcium sulfate dihydrate.

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The use of dendrimers for preparing chemically sensitive interfaces for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using surface acoustic wave (SAW) device transducers is described. Specifically, the synthesis of the dendrimers and the means by which they are affixed to SAW devices is discussed, followed by a detailed spectroscopic analysis of the surface-confined dendrimers and a discussion of their interaction with different VOCs. Most of these preliminary experiments focus on dendrimer surface modification using benzoylchloride, which leads to phenyl terminal groups linked to the dendrimer via amide groups. The results of this study lead us to conclude that dendrimers: (1) provide general specificity towards classes of functional groups and are therefore suitable for array-based sensing schemes; (2) are intermediate in structure between monolayers and polymers and exhibit the desirable properties of both; (3) can be straightforwardly attached to the surfaces of ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Science plays paradoxical roles in environmental planning. As a process for generating and adapting knowledge of the biophysical environment to human use, it is essential to achieving sustainability. As the socially contested evaluation of competing claims to truth, however, adversarial science often becomes the focus of conflict in the planning process. British Columbia's Central Coast Land and Resource Management Plan (CCLRMP) planning process took place amid industrial restructuring, market campaigns, and scientific disputes over the conservation of the world's largest remaining temperate rainforest. This article shows how adversarial science set the terms of the policy debate, as well as the means for compromise. A multisector interdisciplinary information team played a key role in arr...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this work is to develop an industrial process for the synthesis of an extrusible electrolyte polymer for lithium batteries. From literature data and precise specifications the high molar mass EO/OP copolymers synthesis by coordinative catalysis has been studied in order to reach a high productivity and to minimize the treatment steps. Two catalytic systems have been studied: the aluminium alkoxide-based Vandenberg-type catalysis and the calcium alcoholate amides catalysis. The first catalysis performed in solution gives excellent results. Its adaptation to silicon supported catalysis leads to a directly usable polymer in suspension but the productivity falls down and remains to be optimized. The calcium amide catalysis in heptane suspension generates acceptable productivities but also a too high proportion of low molar masses. Various approaches have been studied to minimize this proportion due to the presence of secondary sites that ...

Science.gov (United States)

S100A4, a member of the Ca(2+)-activated S100 protein family, regulates the motility and invasiveness of cancer cells. Moreover, high S100A4 expression levels correlate with poor patient survival in several cancers. Although biochemical, biophysical, and structural data indicate that S100A4 is a noncovalent dimer, it is unknown if two functional S100A4 monomers are required for the productive recognition of protein targets and the promotion of cell invasion. To address this question, we created covalently linked S100A4 dimers using a glycine rich flexible linker. The single-chain S100A4 (sc-S100A4) proteins exhibited wild-type affinities for calcium and nonmuscle myosin-IIA, retained the ability to regulate nonmuscle myosin-IIA assembly, and promoted tumor cell invasion when expressed in S100A4-deficient colon carcinoma cells. Mutation of the two calcium-binding EF-hands in one monomer, while leaving the other monomer intact, caused a 30-60-fold reduction in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The active site of chicken gizzard myosin was labeled by direct photoaffinity labeling with ["3H]UDP. ["3H] UDP was stably trapped at the active site by addition of vanadate (Vi) and Co"2"+. The extraordinary stability of the myosin.Co2+.[3H]UDP.Vi complex (t1/2 greater than 5 days at 0 degrees C) allowed it to be purified free of extraneous ["3H]UDP before irradiation began. Upon UV irradiation, greater than 60% of the trapped ["3H]UDP was photoincorporated into the active site. Only the 200-kDa heavy chain was labeled, confirming earlier results using ["3H]UTP. Extensive tryptic digestion of photolabeled myosin subfragment 1 followed by high performance liquid chromatography separations and removal of nucleotide phosphates by treatment with alkaline phosphatase allowed two labeled peptides to be isolated. Sequencing of the labeled peptides and radioactive counting showed that Glu185 was the residue labeled. Since UDP is a zero-length cross-linker, Glu185 is ...

Science.gov (United States)

Purpose. To report a comparative prospective long-term functional analysis after Riboflavin UV A corneal cross-linking (CXL) in three different age groups of patients affected by progressive keratoconus (KC). Methods. Functional analysis comprised paediatric patients (?18 years) included 152 eyes (29.5%); intermediate group (19-26 years) 286 eyes (55.4%), and adults (?27 years) 78 eyes (15.1%). CXL was performed according to the Siena protocol by using the Vega CBM (Caporossi-Baiocchi-Mazzotta) X linker (CSO, Florence, Italy) at Siena University by the same authors. Pre- and post-op examinations included UCVA, BSCVA, corneal topography, and surface aberrometry (CSO Eye Top, Florence, Italy), at 48 months followup. Results. At 48 months followup paediatrics, intermediate, and adult patients showed a mean gain in UCVA of +0.2, +0.14 and +0.12 Snellen lines. BSCVA gained by a mean of +0.21, +0.2, and +0.1 Snellen lines. K(max) was reduced by a mean value of -0.9?D, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Technetium-99m was previously shown to form a stable, neutral and lipopholic complex with propylene amine oxime, PnAO. This Tc-99m-PnAO complex was shown to efficiently extracted by normal brain. However, it is not sufficiently retained in the brain to image its cerebral distribution using convertional SPECT (single-photon emission computerized tomography) instrumentation. A number of derivatives of PnAO have been synthesized and their technetium-99m complexes have been biologically evaluated. A number of these have been shown to have high brain uptake without exhibiting the rapid cerebral clearance that was observed with Tc-99m-PnAO. To better understand the chemistry of these potential brain imaging agents, a number of technetium-99 complexes of derivatives of PnAO have been synthesized and characterized. Substituents on the tetradentate amine oxime backbone were varied to probe the effect(s) of these structural changes on the properties of the resultant Tc(V) ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The crystal structure of outer surface protein A (OspA) from Borrelia burgdorferi contains a single-layer #beta#-sheet connecting the N- and C-terminal globular domains. The central #beta#-sheet consists largely of polar amino acids and it is solvent-exposed on both faces, which so far appears to be unique among known protein structures. We have accomplished nearly complete backbone H, C and N and C";/H"#beta# assignments of OspA (28 kDa) using standard triple resonance techniques without perdeuteration. This was made possible by recording spectra at a high temperature (45 "oC ). The chemical shift index and "1"5N T_1/T_2 ratios show that both the secondary structure and the global conformation of OspA in solution are similar to the crystal structure, suggesting that the unique central #beta#-sheet is fairly rigid.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) has been deposited onto the surface of silicon substrate (thickness = 500 ?m) using plasma polymerization technique. Polymerization process was carried out in an in-house developed inductively coupled plasma polymerization setup. The depositions were carried out using RF power supply (13.56 MHz) at power of 75 W for 10 and 40 min. The RF supply was coupled to the inductance through a matching network. The effect of plasma polymerization (surface grafting) on the degree of surface modification has been investigated. The chemical changes on the polymer backbone are followed from the results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which show the peaks corresponding to the functional groups of the HEMA polymerized onto the silicon surface. The morphology of the modified surfaces has also been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bacteriophage M13 mp10 DNA were irradiated with near-UV light in the presence of tetracycline derivatives and primed with synthetic oligonucleotide to be used for DNA synthesis using Escherichia coli DNA polymerase. Chain terminations were observed by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mapped precisely. All the synthesis stops occurred before or at the level of guanine residues, showing that the photoreaction mediated by tetracycline derivatives led to a preferential alteration of guanine residues. These lesions were demonstrated to be induced in DNA through a pathway involving singlet oxygen. Tetracycline derivatives also photoinduced the breakage of the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone monitored by the conversion of supercoiled phi X174 DNA to a relaxed form. This lesion was shown to be initiated by hydroxyl radicals. The production of this free radical has been confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping experiments using ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We report a simple method for the label-free detection of double-stranded DNA using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We prepared cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-capped silver nanoparticles and a DNA-nanoparticle complex by adding silver nanoparticles to {lambda}-DNA solutions. In the present study, the utilization of CTAB-capped silver nanoparticles facilitates the electrostatic interaction between DNA molecules and silver nanoparticles; at the same time, the introduction of DNA avoids adding aggregating agent for the formation of nanoparticle aggregates to obtain large enhancement of DNA, because the DNA acts as both the probe molecules and aggregating agent of Ag nanoparticles. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies show that the morphology of DNA-Ag nanoparticle complexes seems to be determined by the concentrations of the DNA and the nanoparticles. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) studies show that the morphology of the complexes plays a significant role in ...

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Various nylons including nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610 and nylon 12 in the forms of fiber and film were irradiated with the gamma-ray from Co-60 at the dose rate of 0.12 Mrad/hr in the atmosphere of oxygen at 7 kg/cm/sup 2/ and at the room temperature. The irradiation in vacuum on the same specimens was performed at 0.5 Mrad/hr. The tensile properties and the gel fraction of the irradiated nylon samples were measured, and the radiation resistance of the nylons against the irradiation at low dose rate was estimated. From the experimental results, it became clear that in the case of irradiation in vacuum, all the nylons were durable to the irradiation of 250 Mrad or more, and nylon 6 was more durable than nylon 12, and in the case of irradiation in pressurized oxygen, the radiation resistance of the nylons decreased to one-tenth as compared with that in vacuum, and contrary to that in vacuum, nylon 12 was superior to nylon 6, while nylon 610 was intermediate. From these results, it was ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Herein, we fabricated MWCNT-OH adsorbed electrospun nylon 6,6 nanofibers by electrospinning and dip coating method. The amount of MWCNT-OH adsorbed to the pure electrospun nylon 6,6 nanofibers was 0.056wt%. The electrical conductivity of MWCNT-OH adsorbed electrospun nylon 6,6 nanofibers was 5.24x10^-^3Scm^-^1. We also investigated the sensing properties of MWCNT-OH adsorbed electrospun nylon 6,6 nanofibers by measuring its response upon exposure to low molecular weight alcohol vapours such as methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1-butanol. The changes of the electrical resistance of MWCNT-OH adsorbed electrospun nylon 6,6 nanofibers were demonstrated on the basis of hydrogen bonds among the alcohol vapours and hydroxyl groups (-OH) on MWCNT-OH, and amide groups (-NHCO-) in nylon 6,6. The fa...

Science.gov (United States)

The paper reviews Asia-Pacific higher education and university research, focusing principally on the "Confucian" education nations Japan, Korea, China, Hong Kong China, Taiwan, Singapore and Vietnam. Except for Vietnam, these systems exhibit a special developmental dynamism--still playing out everywhere except Japan--and have created a distinctive model of higher education more effective in some respects than systems in North America, the English-speaking world and Europe where the modern university was incubated. The Confucian Model rests on four interdependent elements: (1) strong nation-state shaping of structures, funding and priorities; (2) a tendency to universal tertiary participation, partly financed by growing levels of household funding of tuition, sustained by a private duty, grounded in Confucian values, to invest in education; (3) "one chance" national examinations that mediate social competition and university hierarchy and focus family commitments to education; (4) ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) causes relaxation in the opossum lower esophageal sphincter. The effects of dendroaspis natriuretic peptide (DNP) and other natriuretic peptides in the lower esophageal sphincter were not known. We measured the relaxation of transverse strips from the guinea pig lower esophageal sphincter caused by DNP, ANP, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and a natriuretic peptide receptor-C agonist des[Gln^1^8, Ser^1^9, Gly^2^0, Leu^2^1, Gly^2^2]ANP(4-23) amide (cANF(4-23)) in vitro. In resting strips of the guinea pig lower esophageal sphincter DNP and BNP caused marked relaxations. Furthermore, in both sarafotoxin S6c and carbachol-contracted lower esophageal sphincter strips, DNP caused marked and BNP caused moderate, concentration-de...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Novel ligands cis-2,6-bis[N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)aminomethyl]-1-piperidineacetic acid (PIP-DTPA), cis-[(1R,11S)-6,9,15-Tris-carboxymethyl-3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1] pentadec-3-yl]-acetic acid (PIP-DOTA), cis-{l_brace}2,7-bis-[bis-carboxymethyl-amino)-methyl]-azepan-1-yl{r_brace}-acetic acid (AZEP-DTPA), [2-(4,7-bis-carboxymethyl-[1,4,7]triazacyclononan-1-yl-ethyl] -2-carbonylmethyl-amino]-tetraacetic acid (NETA) and [{l_brace}4-carboxymethyl-7-[2-(carboxymethylamino)-ethyl]-perhydro-1,4,7-triazonin-1-yl{r_brace}-acetic acid (NPTA) are investigated as potential chelators of {sup 177}Lu, {sup 9}Y, {sup 212}Pb and {sup 213}Bi for radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The new ligands are radiolabeled with {sup 177}Lu, {sup 86/88/9}Y, {sup 203}Pb and {sup 205/6}Bi, and in vitro stability and in vivo stability of the radiolabeled complexes are assessed in human serum and athymic mice, respectively. In vitro studies indicate that all radiolabeled complexes with the exception of {sup 9}Y-AZEP-DTPA are ...

Science.gov (United States)

A critical factor in the advancement of biomedical research is the ease with which data can be integrated, redistributed and analyzed both within and across domains. This paper summarizes the Biomedical Information Core Infrastructure built by National Cancer Institute Center for Bioinformatics in America (NCICB). The main product from the Core Infrastructure is caCORE--cancer Common Ontologic Reference Environment, which is the infrastructure backbone supporting data management and application development at NCICB. The paper explains the structure and function of caCORE: (1) Enterprise Vocabulary Services (EVS). They provide controlled vocabulary, dictionary and thesaurus services, and EVS produces the NCI Thesaurus and the NCI Metathesaurus; (2) The Cancer Data Standards Repository (caDSR). It provides a metadata registry for common data elements. (3) Cancer Bioinformatics Infrastructure Objects (caBIO). They provide Java, Simple Object Access Protocol and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: A novel protocol based on electrospray ionization (ESI) multiple stage high capacity ion trap (HCT) mass spectrometry (MS) was developed for glycosphingolipidomic surveys. The method was optimized for detailed structural elucidation of human brain gangliosides and particularly applied to human hippocampus-associated structures. The multiple stage MS experiments allowed for a complete structural characterization of GM1 ganglioside species, which was achieved by elucidation of the oligosaccharide sequence, identification of the GM1 a structural isomer from the data upon sialic acid localization along the sugar backbone and determination of the d18:1/18:0 of fatty acid/sphingoid base composition of the ceramide moiety. The methodology developed here is of general practical applicability for glycolipids and represents a step forward in the implementation of the advanced and most modern MS methods in glycomics. Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids, which ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High liver uptake and slow body clearance presently limit the usefulness of "1"1"1In labeled antibodies for tumor imaging. We have investigated "2"0"3Pb as an alternate and better antibody label. The DTPA and cyclohexyl EDTA (CDTA) conjugates of an anticolon carcinoma antibody, 17-1A were labeled (bicyclic anhydride method) with "2"0"3Pb and "1"1"1In with 60 and 90% labeling yields, respectively. The biodistribution of "2"0"3Pb-17-1A conjugates was compared with the corresponding "1"1"1In-labeled preparations and with "2"0"3Pb-DTPA, "2"0"3Pb-nitrate and nonrelevant antibody controls in normal and human tumor (SW948) xenografted nude mice at 24, and 96 hr. Lead-203-labeled CDTA and DTPA antibody conjugates gave similar in vivo distributions. Even though the lead bound to these chelate-antibody conjugates was more labile in serum and in vivo, compared to indium, it cleared much faster from the liver and the whole body. A new series of chelating agents based on the incorporation of a ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three regio-isomers of N-(N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-4-iodobenzamide, IBP, were prepared and evaluated for their sigma affinities. All three isomers (2, 3, and 4-substituted) showed high affinities for sigma-1 receptors in guinea pig brain membranes (Ki - 1.64 nM, 3.02 nM, 1.70 nM respectively) against ["3H]-(+)-pentazocine, a sigma-1 selective ligand. 2-IBP and 4-IBP showed modest affinities for sigma-2 sites in rat liver (Ki = 29.6 nM. 25.2 nM respectively) against ["3H]DTG in the presence of dextrallorphan to mask sigma-1 sites. The homologous competition binding studies of 4-["1"2"5I]BP in MCF-7 human breast tumor cells showed high affinity dose-dependent binding. Competition binding studies with haloperidol and DTG also showed a high affinity binding (Ki = 4.6 nM, 60 nM respectively), demonstrating the sigma specificity. The saturation binding (Scatchard analysis) of ["3H]DTG with MCF-7 cell membrane preparations gave Kd of 24.54 nM and a Bmax of 2071 fmol/mg protein. These results ...

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The authors have shown previously that the domain recognizing receptors on activated human platelets is located on the human fibrinogen {gamma} chain between residues 400 and 411. To study the correlation between the structure of this segment of the {gamma} chain and its reactivity toward receptors on ADP-activated human platelets, they designed a series of analogues containing replacements at 9 out of 12 positions. A double substitution of the normal His{sup 400}-His{sup 401} sequence by Ala-Ala reduced the inhibitory potency of the dodecapeptide 3-fold. When Lys{sup 406} was replaced by Arg, the inhibitory potency of the dodecapeptide decreased 15 times. On the other hand, substitution of Ala{sup 408} with Arg increased the inhibitory potency of the dodecapeptide 6-fold. A drastic decrease in the reactivity of the dodecapeptide toward platelet receptors was observed when Val{sup 411} was replaced by leucine or cysteine or tyrosine. A 3-fold decrease in reactivity was noted when ...

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The quality of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of proteins depends critically on the biomolecular force field that is used. Such force fields are defined by force-field parameter sets, which are generally determined and improved through calibration of properties of small molecules against experimental or theoretical data. By application to large molecules such as proteins, a new force-field parameter set can be validated. We report two 3.5 ns molecular dynamics simulations of hen egg white lysozyme in water applying the widely used GROMOS force-field parameter set 43A1 and a new set 45A3. The two MD ensembles are evaluated against NMR spectroscopic data NOE atom-atom distance bounds, {sup 3}J{sub NH{alpha}} and {sup 3}J{sub {alpha}}{sub {beta}} coupling constants, and {sup 1}5N relaxation data. It is shown that the two sets reproduce structural properties about equally well. The 45A3 ensemble fulfills the atom-atom distance bounds derived from NMR spectroscopy slightly less well ...

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Background: Cu-diacetyl-bis(N{sup 4}-methylthiosemicarbazone) [Cu-ATSM], although excellent for oncology applications, may not be suitable for delineating cardiovascular or neurological hypoxia. For this reason, new Cu hypoxia positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents are being examined to search for a higher selectivity for hypoxic or ischemic tissue at higher oxygen concentrations found in these tissues. Two approaches are to increase alkylation or to replace the sulfur atoms with selenium, resulting in the formation of selenosemicarbazones. Methods: Three {sup 64}Cu-labeled selenosemicarbazone complexes were synthesized and one was screened for hypoxia selectivity in vitro using EMT-6 mouse mammary carcinoma cells. Rodent biodistribution and small animal PET images were obtained from BALB/c mice implanted with EMT-6 tumors. One alkylated thiosemicarbazone was synthesized and examined. Results: Of the three bis(selenosemicarbazone) ligands synthesized and examined, only {sup ...