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Sample records for aptitude

  1. Vocational Aptitude Test

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Candiasa I Made

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Test for measuring vocational aptitude has been formulated and validated. There are three main constructs involved in vocational aptitude test, which are individual characteristics, activities that are likely to be selected, and professions that tend to be idolized. Individual characteristics indicate the individuals talents, whereas the activity that tends to be chosen leads to student interest in the activity, and the intended profession gives clues about the capability of themselves to pursue the profession. Content validity test with Lawse technique yields content validity ratio (CVR for all items are in the range 0.82-0.94 and content validity index (CVI = 0.88. The construct validity test yields comparative fit index (CFI = 0.918 and chi square coefficient (χ2 = 5.85 with significance (p = 0.002. These findings indicate that the test is valid either by content or construct. Furthermore, the reliability test with Alpha Cronbach found the alpha coefficient (α = 0.82. Finally, it can be concluded that vocational aptitude test can be utilized for early identification of student vocational aptitude. The hope, the test can help students to choose the appropriate vocational school, in order to obtain the better learning outcomes.

  2. Neurology of foreign language aptitude

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriana Biedroń

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available This state-of-the art paper focuses on the poorly explored issue of foreign language aptitude, attempting to present the latest developments in this field and reconceptualizations of the construct from the perspective of neuroscience. In accordance with this goal, it first discusses general directions in neurolinguistic research on foreign language aptitude, starting with the earliest attempts to define the neurological substrate for talent, sources of difficulties in the neurolinguistic research on foreign language aptitude and modern research methods. This is followed by the discussion of the research on the phonology of foreign language aptitude with emphasis on functional and structural studies as well as their consequences for the knowledge of the concept. The subsequent section presents the studies which focus on lexical and morphosyntactic aspects of foreign language aptitude. The paper ends with a discussion of the limitations of contemporary research, the future directions of such research and selec ed methodological issues.

  3. Aptitude for Learning a Foreign Language.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sparks, Richard; Ganschow, Leonore

    2001-01-01

    Review research on foreign language aptitude and its measurement prior to 1990. Describes research areas in the 1990s, including affective variables, language learning strategies, learning styles as contributors to aptitude and aptitude as a cognitive construct affected by language variables. Reviews research on individual differences and the…

  4. Revisiting Problems with Foreign Language Aptitude

    Science.gov (United States)

    Safar, Anna; Kormos, Judit

    2008-01-01

    This study investigated three of the issues recently raised in connection with the traditional concept of foreign language aptitude: the relationship between foreign language aptitude and working memory and phonological short-term memory capacity, the role of foreign language aptitude in predicting success in the framework of focus-on-form foreign…

  5. Occupational Aptitude Patterns Map: Development and Implications for a Theory of Job Aptitude Requirements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gottfredson, Linda S.

    1986-01-01

    United States Employment Service data on the cognitive and noncognitive aptitude requirements of different occupations were used to create an occupational classification--the Occupational Aptitude Patterns (OAP) Map. Thirteen job clusters are arrayed according to major differences in overall intellectual difficulty level and in functional focus…

  6. Language aptitude: Desirable trait or acquirable attribute?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Singleton

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available The traditional definition of language aptitude sees it as “an individual’s initial state of readiness and capacity for learning a foreign language, and probable facility in doing so given the presence of motivation and opportunity” (Carroll, 1981, p. 86. This conception portrays language aptitude as a trait, in the sense of exhibiting stability over long periods of time and being immune to training. The trait view of language aptitude tends towards the notion that it is innate, and indeed language aptitude has often been associated with the popular notion of a “gift for languages” (cf. Rosenthal, 1996, p. 59. The view of language aptitude as an innate trait has, however, long been questioned (see e.g., Neufeld, 1978. Recently, this questioning has intensified (see Singleton, 2014, especially since the development of a widespread consensus that working memory needs to be recognized as an important component of language aptitude (see Wen, 2016. Working memory was also once thought of as a trait, but is now recognized as susceptible to the influence of experience and instruction (see e.g., Williams, 2012. The present paper will track the trajectory of the above theoretical discussion and will explore the implications of the stage it has now reached.

  7. Criterios de valoración de la aptitud según profesiones Aptitude assessment criteria depending on the profession

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.ª Teresa Magdalena Iglesias

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available La valoración de la aptitud forma parte de la actividad diaria del médico del trabajo. La queja generalizada es que no hay criterios estandarizados para ello. Lo que sí hay son "criterios de exclusión" utilizados en profesiones de gran responsabilidad, en las cuales un error provocaría consecuencias graves para el trabajador o para terceros. Estos criterios son requisitos mínimos exigidos para la incorporación a un puesto de trabajo pero, están pensados desde un punto de vista de selección del personal más que de salud laboral. Objetivos: Conocer la situación actual en cuanto a la valoración de la aptitud para trabajar y comparar criterios de aptitud con criterios de exclusión para puestos de trabajo concretos. Metodología: La búsqueda de las referencias bibliográficas se realizó mediante palabras clave y descriptores DeCS. Se recuperaron 1593 citas. Tras aplicar los criterios de exclusión y realizar un análisis de pertinencia, se pudo conseguir a texto completo 23, encontrándose 7 artículos más relacionados con el tema en la búsqueda manual de la bibliografía. Resultados: Sólo dos artículos tratan el tema de la aptitud a fondo. Los cuadros de exclusión médica se ocupan de prácticamente todos los órganos y aparatos y de la aptitud psíquica, mientras que los artículos revisados tratan únicamente de algunos de estos aspectos. Conclusiones: La tendencia de la mayoría de los autores es prescindir del examen médico pre-empleo siempre que no sea obligatorio, y mantener los exámenes de salud periódicos. Las patologías hasta ahora más estudiadas son la hipertensión arterial y las deficiencias en la agudeza visual. Los profesionales en los cuales se vigila más las capacidades psicofísicas son los conductores y los pilotos de aviación.The assessment of aptitude is part of the daily activity of occupational health doctors. The general complaint is that there is no standardized criteria to do so. What there exists

  8. On the Representativeness of Norming Samples for Aptitude Test

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Sims, William

    2003-01-01

    ...). We regressed aptitude test scores on demographics and concluded that: ̂ Norming sample for aptitude tests must be representative of the target population with respect to age, race"ethnicity, gender, respondent's education, and mother's...

  9. Attitudine Linguistica e Memoria. Alcune Considerazioni sul MLAT. (Modern Language Aptitude Test). (Linguistic Aptitude and Memory. Some Considerations on the MLAT).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sorace, Antonella

    1982-01-01

    Examines the Modern Language Aptitude Test and identifies as the lowest common denominator in three of its four parts an individual's short-term Memory capability. Concludes that this test cannot indicate an individual's linguistic aptitude because it does not take into consideration the role of two key aspects of language learning: long-term…

  10. A Theory of Sex Differences in Technical Aptitude and Some Supporting Evidence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schmidt, Frank L

    2011-11-01

    In this article, I present a theory that explains the origin of sex differences in technical aptitudes. The theory takes as proven that there are no sex differences in general mental ability (GMA), and it postulates that sex differences in technical aptitude (TA) stem from differences in experience in technical areas, which is in turn based on sex differences in technical interests. Using a large data set, I tested and found support for four predictions made by this theory: (a) the construct level correlation between technical aptitude and GMA is larger for females than males, (b) the observed and true score variability of technical aptitude is greater among males than females, (c) at every level of GMA females have lower levels of technical aptitude, and (d) technical aptitude measures used as estimates of GMA for decision purposes would result in underestimation of GMA levels for girls and women. Given that GMA carries the weight of prediction of job performance, the support found for this last prediction suggests that, for many jobs, technical aptitude tests may underpredict the job performance of female applicants and employees. Future research should examine this question. © Association for Psychological Science 2011.

  11. College Aptitude Test Simple Checker (Version 2

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jake G. Maggay

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available All enrolees of the Cagayan State University are required to take the College Aptitude Test (CAT. The CAT result serves as a basis for recommendation and admission to a specific course or field of specialization, thus, result must be accurate. The study a imed to develop a computerized College Aptitude Test (CAT Simple Checker of Cagayan State University – Lasam Campus to facilitate and to reduce the time of the guidance counsellor in checking many aptitude test papers as well as to ensure accuracy of resu lt. It followed the framework of Design Science Research in Information Systems which consists of six steps such as problem identification and motivation, definition of objectives for a solution based on the identified problem, design and development of th e system, demonstration of the system to the guidance counsellor, evaluation of the system’s functionality and impact and communication which involves documentation and publication. A combination of Visual Basic 6 as the programming language and SQL Server 2005 as the Database Management System (DBMS were used in the development of the system. As a result, the system provides support to the guidance counsellor in performing the assigned tasks by reducing the time consumed in checking aptitude test papers t hat makes the guidance counsellor more effective, efficient and productive.

  12. Genomics studies on musical aptitude, music perception, and practice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Järvelä, Irma

    2018-03-23

    When searching for genetic markers inherited together with musical aptitude, genes affecting inner ear development and brain function were identified. The alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA), located in the most significant linkage region of musical aptitude, was overexpressed when listening and performing music. The GATA-binding protein 2 gene (GATA2) was located in the best associated region of musical aptitude and regulates SNCA in dopaminergic neurons, thus linking DNA- and RNA-based studies of music-related traits together. In addition to SNCA, several other genes were linked to dopamine metabolism. Mutations in SNCA predispose to Lewy-body dementia and cause Parkinson disease in humans and affect song production in songbirds. Several other birdsong genes were found in transcriptome analysis, suggesting a common evolutionary background of sound perception and production in humans and songbirds. Regions of positive selection with musical aptitude contained genes affecting auditory perception, cognitive performance, memory, human language development, and song perception and production of songbirds. The data support the role of dopaminergic pathway and their link to the reward mechanism as a molecular determinant in positive selection of music. Integration of gene-level data from the literature across multiple species prioritized activity-dependent immediate early genes as candidate genes in musical aptitude and listening to and performing music. © 2018 New York Academy of Sciences.

  13. Personality factors as predictors of foreign language aptitude

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriana Biedroń

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available The study addresses a problem which is inadequately investigated in second language acquisition research, that is, personality predictors of foreign language aptitude. Specifically, it focuses on the Five Factor model which includes Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism (Costa & McCrae, 1992 as traits differentiating gifted and nongifted foreign language learners and predicting results of foreign language aptitude tests. Although contemporary researchers generally agree that affect is an important variable in second language acquisition, most empirical studies demonstrate that personality factors are weakly correlated with cognitive abilities and that their contribution to the ultimate attainment is minor (cf. Robinson & Ellis, 2008. On the other hand, these factors constitute an integral part of cognitive ability development (cf. Dörnyei, 2009; therefore, neglecting them in research on foreign language aptitude would be unjustified. The following study is an attempt to analyze the Five Factors in two groups of learners: gifted and nongifted. In order to answer the question as to which and to what extent personality factors have a predictive effect on foreign language aptitude, the results were subjected to a multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study are presented and discussed in a wider context of research on cognitive abilities.

  14. Effects of psychotropic drugs and psychiatric illness on vocational aptitude and interest assessment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Helmes, E; Fekken, G C

    1986-07-01

    This study examined the vocational aptitude and interest scores of 326 inpatients at a large urban psychiatric hospital. The inpatient group performed significantly below the adult normative mean on eight of nine General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) aptitude measures; the single exception was Verbal Aptitude. Further, GATB aptitude scores (adjusted for age and education) were significantly lower for patients who were receiving (N = 210) psychotropic medication than for patients who were not receiving (N = 114) psychotropic medication, again with the exception of Verbal Aptitude. Differentiation of patients into subsamples who were receiving particular drugs or drug combinations indicated that phenothiazines in combination with Anti-Parkinsonians were associated with the poorest GATB performances. Interestingly, self-reported vocational interests were not related in any systematic fashion to receiving medication. A variety of explanations that may account for these findings, including drug side-effects and severity or type of psychiatric disorder, were investigated. Implications for vocational counselors were discussed.

  15. Teacher Salaries and Teacher Aptitude: An Analysis Using Quantile Regressions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gilpin, Gregory A.

    2012-01-01

    This study investigates the relationship between salaries and scholastic aptitude for full-time public high school humanities and mathematics/sciences teachers. For identification, we rely on variation in salaries between adjacent school districts within the same state. The results indicate that teacher aptitude is positively correlated with…

  16. Evaluation of saddle and driving aptitudes in Monterufoli pony

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Riccardo Bozzi

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available The Monterufoli pony is an endangered Tuscan breed. In the 80’s began a project for the conservation of the breed and at present there are roughly 200 individuals. The equine was once utilized for saddle and driving and this study deals with the training for these two aptitudes. The mor- phologic type of the pony seems suited for saddle, in particular for children and beginners, and driving. The ponies showed developed chest, strong legs with short shanks: all these characters were useful for trot and driving. In this trial 3-4 years old never tamed Monterufoli ponies were opportunely choose and subsequently trained for saddle and driving. The ponies were submitted to the “aptitude test” for the two aptitudes and the results were good both for practical and character sides. The marks for sad- dle and driving were 8.16 and 8.06 respectively. Also the 3 ponies showed good results for the Aptitude Index: 7.60, 7.87 and 7.89. The results of the trial showed the excellent ability of the Monterufoli pony for saddle and driving. The good results of the test are important for the diffusion of the breed in the territory and in particular in horse centres and in equestrian tourism sites.

  17. Personal Audiovisual Aptitude Influences the Interaction Between Landscape and Soundscape Appraisal.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Kang; Echevarria Sanchez, Gemma M; De Coensel, Bert; Van Renterghem, Timothy; Talsma, Durk; Botteldooren, Dick

    2018-01-01

    It has been established that there is an interaction between audition and vision in the appraisal of our living environment, and that this appraisal is influenced by personal factors. Here, we test the hypothesis that audiovisual aptitude influences appraisal of our sonic and visual environment. To measure audiovisual aptitude, an auditory deviant detection experiment was conducted in an ecologically valid and complex context. This experiment allows us to distinguish between accurate and less accurate listeners. Additionally, it allows to distinguish between participants that are easily visually distracted and those who are not. To do so, two previously conducted laboratory experiments were re-analyzed. The first experiment focuses on self-reported noise annoyance in a living room context, whereas the second experiment focuses on the perceived pleasantness of using outdoor public spaces. In the first experiment, the influence of visibility of vegetation on self-reported noise annoyance was modified by audiovisual aptitude. In the second one, it was found that the overall appraisal of walking across a bridge is influenced by audiovisual aptitude, in particular when a visually intrusive noise barrier is used to reduce highway traffic noise levels. We conclude that audiovisual aptitude may affect the appraisal of the living environment.

  18. Native language predictors of foreign language proficiency and foreign language aptitude.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sparks, Richard L; Patton, Jon; Ganschow, Leonore; Humbach, Nancy; Javorsky, James

    2006-06-01

    Fifty-four students were tested at specific time intervals over 10 years to determine best native language (NL) predictors of oral and written foreign language (FL) proficiency and FL aptitude. All participants completed two years of Spanish, French, or German. Each was administered measures of NL literacy, oral language, and cognitive ability in elementary school. A measure of FL aptitude was administered at the beginning of ninth grade and FL proficiency was evaluated at the end of the 10th grade. Among the variables, NL literacy measures were the best predictors of FL proficiency, and NL achievement and general (verbal) intelligence were strong predictors of FL aptitude. Results suggest that indices of NL literacy as early as first grade are related to FL proficiency and FL aptitude nine and 10 years later. Findings provide strong support for connections between L1 and L2 skills, and for speculation that "lower level" skills in phonological processing are important for written language development and oral proficiency in a FL.

  19. "When Music Speaks": Auditory Cortex Morphology as a Neuroanatomical Marker of Language Aptitude and Musicality.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Turker, Sabrina; Reiterer, Susanne M; Seither-Preisler, Annemarie; Schneider, Peter

    2017-01-01

    Recent research has shown that the morphology of certain brain regions may indeed correlate with a number of cognitive skills such as musicality or language ability. The main aim of the present study was to explore the extent to which foreign language aptitude, in particular phonetic coding ability, is influenced by the morphology of Heschl's gyrus (HG; auditory cortex), working memory capacity, and musical ability. In this study, the auditory cortices of German-speaking individuals ( N = 30; 13 males/17 females; aged 20-40 years) with high and low scores in a number of language aptitude tests were compared. The subjects' language aptitude was measured by three different tests, namely a Hindi speech imitation task (phonetic coding ability), an English pronunciation assessment, and the Modern Language Aptitude Test (MLAT). Furthermore, working memory capacity and musical ability were assessed to reveal their relationship with foreign language aptitude. On the behavioral level, significant correlations were found between phonetic coding ability, English pronunciation skills, musical experience, and language aptitude as measured by the MLAT. Parts of all three tests measuring language aptitude correlated positively and significantly with each other, supporting their validity for measuring components of language aptitude. Remarkably, the number of instruments played by subjects showed significant correlations with all language aptitude measures and musicality, whereas, the number of foreign languages did not show any correlations. With regard to the neuroanatomy of auditory cortex, adults with very high scores in the Hindi testing and the musicality test (AMMA) demonstrated a clear predominance of complete posterior HG duplications in the right hemisphere. This may reignite the discussion of the importance of the right hemisphere for language processing, especially when linked or common resources are involved, such as the inter-dependency between phonetic and musical

  20. The predictive value of aptitude assessment in laparoscopic surgery: a meta-analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kramp, Kelvin H; van Det, Marc J; Hoff, Christiaan; Veeger, Nic J G M; ten Cate Hoedemaker, Henk O; Pierie, Jean-Pierre E N

    2016-04-01

    Current methods of assessing candidates for medical specialties that involve laparoscopic skills suffer from a lack of instruments to assess the ability to work in a minimally invasive surgery environment. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether aptitude assessment can be used to predict variability in the acquisition and performance of laparoscopic skills. PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar were searched to November 2014 for published and unpublished studies reporting the measurement of a form of aptitude for laparoscopic skills. The quality of studies was assessed with QUADAS-2. Summary correlations were calculated using a random-effects model. Thirty-four studies were found to be eligible for inclusion; six of these studies used an operating room performance measurement. Laparoscopic skills correlated significantly with visual-spatial ability (r = 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25-0.39; p < 0.001), perceptual ability (r = 0.31, 95% CI 0.22-0.39; p < 0.001), psychomotor ability (r = 0.26, 95% CI 0.10-0.40; p = 0.003) and simulator-based assessment of aptitude (r = 0.64, 95% CI 0.52-0.73; p < 0.001). Three-dimensional dynamic visual-spatial ability showed a significantly higher correlation than intrinsic static visual-spatial ability (p = 0.024). In general, aptitude assessments are associated with laparoscopic skill level. Simulator-based assessment of aptitude appears to have the potential to represent a job sample and to enable the assessment of all forms of aptitude for laparoscopic surgery at once. A laparoscopy aptitude test can be a valuable additional tool in the assessment of candidates for medical specialties that require laparoscopic skills. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  1. The heritability of aptitude and exceptional talent across different domains in adolescents and young adults.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E; van der Sluis, Sophie; Posthuma, Danielle; Boomsma, Dorret I

    2009-07-01

    The origin of individual differences in aptitude, defined as a domain-specific skill within the normal ability range, and talent, defined as a domain specific skill of exceptional quality, is under debate. The nature of the variation in aptitudes and exceptional talents across different domains was investigated in a population based twin sample. Self-report data from 1,685 twin pairs (12-24 years) were analyzed for Music, Arts, Writing, Language, Chess, Mathematics, Sports, Memory, and Knowledge. The influence of shared environment was small for both aptitude and talent. Additive and non-additive genetic effects explained the major part of the substantial familial clustering in the aptitude measures with heritability estimates ranging between .32 and .71. Heritability estimates for talents were higher and ranged between .50 and .92. In general, the genetic architecture for aptitude and talent was similar in men and women. Genetic factors contribute to a large extent to variation in aptitude and talent across different domains of intellectual, creative, and sports abilities.

  2. Neurology of Foreign Language Aptitude

    Science.gov (United States)

    Biedron, Adriana

    2015-01-01

    This state-of-the art paper focuses on the poorly explored issue of foreign language aptitude, attempting to present the latest developments in this field and reconceptualizations of the construct from the perspective of neuroscience. In accordance with this goal, it first discusses general directions in neurolinguistic research on foreign…

  3. Fireworks Assembler (Fireworks) 737.887 -- Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  4. “When Music Speaks”: Auditory Cortex Morphology as a Neuroanatomical Marker of Language Aptitude and Musicality

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sabrina Turker

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Recent research has shown that the morphology of certain brain regions may indeed correlate with a number of cognitive skills such as musicality or language ability. The main aim of the present study was to explore the extent to which foreign language aptitude, in particular phonetic coding ability, is influenced by the morphology of Heschl’s gyrus (HG; auditory cortex, working memory capacity, and musical ability. In this study, the auditory cortices of German-speaking individuals (N = 30; 13 males/17 females; aged 20–40 years with high and low scores in a number of language aptitude tests were compared. The subjects’ language aptitude was measured by three different tests, namely a Hindi speech imitation task (phonetic coding ability, an English pronunciation assessment, and the Modern Language Aptitude Test (MLAT. Furthermore, working memory capacity and musical ability were assessed to reveal their relationship with foreign language aptitude. On the behavioral level, significant correlations were found between phonetic coding ability, English pronunciation skills, musical experience, and language aptitude as measured by the MLAT. Parts of all three tests measuring language aptitude correlated positively and significantly with each other, supporting their validity for measuring components of language aptitude. Remarkably, the number of instruments played by subjects showed significant correlations with all language aptitude measures and musicality, whereas, the number of foreign languages did not show any correlations. With regard to the neuroanatomy of auditory cortex, adults with very high scores in the Hindi testing and the musicality test (AMMA demonstrated a clear predominance of complete posterior HG duplications in the right hemisphere. This may reignite the discussion of the importance of the right hemisphere for language processing, especially when linked or common resources are involved, such as the inter-dependency between

  5. “When Music Speaks”: Auditory Cortex Morphology as a Neuroanatomical Marker of Language Aptitude and Musicality

    Science.gov (United States)

    Turker, Sabrina; Reiterer, Susanne M.; Seither-Preisler, Annemarie; Schneider, Peter

    2017-01-01

    Recent research has shown that the morphology of certain brain regions may indeed correlate with a number of cognitive skills such as musicality or language ability. The main aim of the present study was to explore the extent to which foreign language aptitude, in particular phonetic coding ability, is influenced by the morphology of Heschl’s gyrus (HG; auditory cortex), working memory capacity, and musical ability. In this study, the auditory cortices of German-speaking individuals (N = 30; 13 males/17 females; aged 20–40 years) with high and low scores in a number of language aptitude tests were compared. The subjects’ language aptitude was measured by three different tests, namely a Hindi speech imitation task (phonetic coding ability), an English pronunciation assessment, and the Modern Language Aptitude Test (MLAT). Furthermore, working memory capacity and musical ability were assessed to reveal their relationship with foreign language aptitude. On the behavioral level, significant correlations were found between phonetic coding ability, English pronunciation skills, musical experience, and language aptitude as measured by the MLAT. Parts of all three tests measuring language aptitude correlated positively and significantly with each other, supporting their validity for measuring components of language aptitude. Remarkably, the number of instruments played by subjects showed significant correlations with all language aptitude measures and musicality, whereas, the number of foreign languages did not show any correlations. With regard to the neuroanatomy of auditory cortex, adults with very high scores in the Hindi testing and the musicality test (AMMA) demonstrated a clear predominance of complete posterior HG duplications in the right hemisphere. This may reignite the discussion of the importance of the right hemisphere for language processing, especially when linked or common resources are involved, such as the inter-dependency between phonetic and

  6. Teacher Pay and Teacher Aptitude

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leigh, Andrew

    2012-01-01

    Can changes in teacher pay encourage more able individuals to enter the teaching profession? So far, studies of the impact of pay on the aptitude distribution of teachers have provided mixed evidence on the extent to which altering teacher salaries represents a feasible solution to the teacher quality problem. One possible reason is that these…

  7. Autoclave Operator (chem.) 4-52.711--Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  8. Tomato Peeler (can. & preserv.) 529.887 -- Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  9. Turret-Lathe Operator 4-78.021 -- Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  10. Benefits of completing homework for students with different aptitudes in an introductory electricity and magnetism course

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. J. Kontur

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available We examine how student aptitudes impact how much students learn from doing graded online and written homework in an introductory electricity and magnetism course. Our analysis examines the correlation between successful homework completion rates and exam performance as well as how changes in homework completion correlate with changes in exam scores for students with different physics aptitudes. On average, successfully completing many homework problems correlated to better exam scores only for students with high physics aptitude. On the other hand, all other students showed zero or even a negative correlation between successful homework completion and exam performance. Low- and medium-aptitude students who did more homework did no better and sometimes scored lower on exams than their low- and medium-aptitude peers who did less homework. Our work also shows that long-term changes in homework completion correlated to long-term changes in exam scores only for students with high physics aptitude, but not for students with medium or low aptitude. We offer several explanations for the disparity in homework learning gains, including cognitive load theory, ineffective homework strategies, and various mismatches between homework and exams. Several solutions are proposed to address these possible deficiencies in graded online and written homework.

  11. Benefits of completing homework for students with different aptitudes in an introductory electricity and magnetism course

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kontur, F. J.; de La Harpe, K.; Terry, N. B.

    2015-06-01

    We examine how student aptitudes impact how much students learn from doing graded online and written homework in an introductory electricity and magnetism course. Our analysis examines the correlation between successful homework completion rates and exam performance as well as how changes in homework completion correlate with changes in exam scores for students with different physics aptitudes. On average, successfully completing many homework problems correlated to better exam scores only for students with high physics aptitude. On the other hand, all other students showed zero or even a negative correlation between successful homework completion and exam performance. Low- and medium-aptitude students who did more homework did no better and sometimes scored lower on exams than their low- and medium-aptitude peers who did less homework. Our work also shows that long-term changes in homework completion correlated to long-term changes in exam scores only for students with high physics aptitude, but not for students with medium or low aptitude. We offer several explanations for the disparity in homework learning gains, including cognitive load theory, ineffective homework strategies, and various mismatches between homework and exams. Several solutions are proposed to address these possible deficiencies in graded online and written homework.

  12. Policy Evaluation: Use of the PSB-Aptitude Test as an Admission Requirement for the LVN Program.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Firstman, Aranga

    A study was conducted to assess the use of the Psychological Services Bureau's Aptitude Test for Practical Nursing (PSB Aptitude Test) as an entrance requirement for the licensed vocational nurse (LVN) program at College of the Sequoias. The study sought to determine whether the PSB Aptitude Test was a valid indicator of success in the LVN…

  13. Effects of Musical Aptitude, Academic Ability, Music Experience, and Motivation on Aural Skills.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harrison, Carole S.; And Others

    1994-01-01

    Reports on a study of 142 college music theory students on the influence of musical aptitude, academic ability, music experience, and motivation on the development of aural skills. Finds that musical aptitude had the largest effect on performance and motivation for music did not affect aural skills performance. (CFR)

  14. Various Occupations in the Iron and Steel Industry. Technical Report on Development of USTES Aptitude Test Batteries.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  15. Peeling-and-Coring-Machine Operator 529.886 -- Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  16. Cutting-and-Creasing Pressman (paper goods) 649.782--Technical Report on Development of USTES Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  17. Heterosis y aptitud combinatoria en pimenton (Capsicum allnuum L.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Echeverri A. Álvaro

    1998-12-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio fue estimar la heterosis, la aptitud combinatoria general (ACG y la aptitud combinatoria específica (ACE en un cruzamiento dialélico entre diez cultivares de pimentón usando las metodología propuesta por Griffing (1956b, método experimental 4, Modelo I (modificado por Hallauer y Miranda, 1988. Los parentales con valores más altos de heterosis relativa (HR y heterobelriosis (HB fueron LPUNAL (155,87% y 138,69%, Avelar (136,84% y 119,18%, y L363-46-672 (130,95% y 113,22%, los que participaron en la formación de cuatro de los diez cruzamientos más destacados por rendimiento. El análisis de varianza para aptitud combinatoria, mostró que en la transmisión y expresión de los caracteres evaluados, actúan en forma conjunta y altamente significativa tanto los efectos génicos aditivos (ACG como los 110 aditivos (A CE, pero con predominio de los primeros (Griffing, 1956. Los mayores valores de ACG para rendimiento fueron observados en LPUNAL-Palmira y Avelar (87.0 y 79.9, respectivamente.

  18. Individual Differences in Digit Span, Susceptibility to Proactive Interference, and Aptitude/Achievement Test Scores.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dempster, Frank N.; Cooney, John B.

    1982-01-01

    Individual differences in digit span, susceptibility to proactive interference, and various aptitude/achievement test scores were investigated in two experiments with college students. Results indicated that digit span was strongly correlated with aptitude/achievement scores, but did not indicate that susceptibility to proactive interference…

  19. The Effects of Musical Aptitude and Musical Training on Phonological Production in Foreign Languages

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pei, Zhengwei; Wu, Yidi; Xiang, Xiaocui; Qian, Huimin

    2016-01-01

    This study investigates 128 Chinese college students to examine the effects of their musical aptitude and musical training on phonological production in four foreign languages. Results show that musically-trained students remarkably possessed stronger musical aptitude than those without musical training and performed better than their counterpart…

  20. Room Clerk (hotel and rest.) 1-07.60--Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  1. Still under the microscope: can a surgical aptitude test predict otolaryngology resident performance?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moore, Eric J; Price, Daniel L; Van Abel, Kathryn M; Carlson, Matthew L

    2015-02-01

    Application to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residency is highly competitive, and the interview process strives to select qualified applicants with a high aptitude for the specialty. Commonly employed criteria for applicant selection have failed to show correlation with proficiency during residency training. We evaluate the correlation between the results of a surgical aptitude test administered to otolaryngology resident applicants and their performance during residency. Retrospective study at an academic otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residency program. Between 2007 and 2013, 224 resident applicants participated in a previously described surgical aptitude test administered at a microvascular surgical station. The composite score and attitudinal scores for 24 consecutive residents who matched at our institution were recorded, and their residency performance was analyzed by faculty survey on a five-point scale. The composite and attitudinal scores were analyzed for correlation with residency performance score by regression analysis. Twenty-four residents were evaluated for overall quality as a clinician by eight faculty members who were blinded to the results of surgical aptitude testing. The results of these surveys showed good inter-rater reliability. Both the overall aptitude test scores and the subset attitudinal score showed reliability in predicting performance during residency training. The goal of the residency selection process is to evaluate the candidate's potential for success in residency and beyond. The results of this study suggest that a simple-to-administer clinical skills test may have predictive value for success in residency and clinician quality. 4. © 2014 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

  2. The Structural Connectivity Underpinning Language Aptitude, Working Memory, and IQ in the Perisylvian Language Network

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Xiang, H.; Dediu, D.; Roberts, M.J.; Oort, E.S.B. van; Norris, D.; Hagoort, P.

    2012-01-01

    In this article, we report the results of a study on the relationship between individual differences in language learning aptitude and the structural connectivity of language pathways in the adult brain, the first of its kind. We measured four components of language aptitude (vocabulary learning;

  3. Power Lawn Mower Assembler (agric. equip.) 6-94.352--Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  4. The heritability of aptitude and exceptional talent across different domains in adolescents and young adults

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Vinkhuyzen, A.A.E.; van der Sluis, S.; Posthuma, D.; Boomsma, D.I.

    2009-01-01

    The origin of individual differences in aptitude, defined as a domain-specific skill within the normal ability range, and talent, defined as a domain specific skill of exceptional quality, is under debate. The nature of the variation in aptitudes and exceptional talents across different domains was

  5. Relative agricultural aptitude of the Tuxpan municipality, Nayarit, using Almagra Model of the MicroLEIS System

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José López García

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Agricultural land evaluation in the fluvial-marine plain within the municipality of Tuxpan, Nayarit, was carried out based onto a semi-detailed soil survey. Relative agricultural aptitude was evaluated, through out a modified Almagra’s model of MicroLeis 4.1 system, defining a new model: the Almagra-Tuxpan, based on the specific conditions of the zone. Using the Almagra-Tuxpan model, a software routine was written to evaluate the agricultural aptitude of twelve traditional crops (bean, sorghum, maize, tobacco (Virginia and Burley, chili, tomato, melon, watermelon, jícama, peanut, and cotton, after that, the relative agricultural aptitude was determined for every one of the mapped soils units. 21.73 % of the soils have a very good aptitude for the majority of the evaluated farming, 59.98 % have a moderate aptitude, and the remaining 18.43 % have no capacity at all. Generally speaking, excluding the units with null capacity, the soils of this municipality are suitable for farming cotton, maize and sorghum. The last two, are already intensely cultivated, meanwhile cotton will be a very good alternative for the region.

  6. The Structural Connectivity Underpinning Language Aptitude, Working Memory, and IQ in the Perisylvian Language Network

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xiang, Huadong; Dediu, Dan; Roberts, Leah; van Oort, Erik; Norris, David G.; Hagoort, Peter

    2012-01-01

    In this article, we report the results of a study on the relationship between individual differences in language learning aptitude and the structural connectivity of language pathways in the adult brain, the first of its kind. We measured four components of language aptitude ("vocabulary learning"; "sound recognition"; "sound-symbol…

  7. Scientific aptitude and academic performance in incoming students of medicine Aptitud científica y rendimiento académico en histología y genética en alumnos de medicina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Angel Vinuesa

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available Acting scientifically is a competence to be developed by medical students and expressed by them when physicians. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between scientific aptitude in medical applicants incoming to Rosario Interamerican Open University (UAI and their academic performance in Human Genetics and Histology. Seventy four out of 102 students (29 male and 45 female filled in the aptitude scientific model (ASM designed by D’Ottavio & Bassan (1989. For both, Human Genetics and Histology, performance of the students was considered as satisfactory when they reached a minimum of 85% correct answers in their objective periodic and final examinations. Conversely, lower performance was considered as less than satisfactory. The aforementioned 74 students correctly answered 3.89 ± 1.96 of the 12 ASM problems; average for males was 4.50 ± 1.99 and that for females, 3.48 ± 1.83, (p < 0.025. Students with a satisfactory performance in Histology (n = 34 showed higher scientific aptitude 4.67 ± 2.04 compared with those (n = 40 that had a less than satisfactory one 3.02 ± 1.36 (p <0.001. Significant gender differences were registered: males (n = 14 5.42 ± 2.37 vs. (n = 15 3.20 ± 1.14, p < 0.01, and females (n = 22 4.18 ± 1.56 vs. (n = 23 2.78 ± 1.47, p < 0.01. Concerning Human Genetics, those students with a satisfactory performance (n = 46 revealed higher scientific aptitude: 4.00 ± 2.00 than those with a less than satisfactory one (n = 28: 2.71 ± 1.04, p < 0.01. As in Histology, significant gender differences appeared: males (n = 18 5.22 ± 2.12 vs. (n = 11 3.54 ± 1.21, p < 0.05, and females, (n = 30 3.90 1.70 vs.(n = 15 2.33 ± 1.70, p<0.01. Summing up, in both subject matters students with a satisfactory performance evidenced a higher average of scientific aptitude than that of the studied population. Consequently, we interpret that the degree of scientific aptitude could be a predictive variable of future academic

  8. Diabetes Mellitus: Aptitud clínica del médico de atención primaria Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical aptitude of the doctor of primary care

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Víctor Manuel Gómez-López

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Comparar la aptitud clínica del médico de las Unidades de Medicina Familiar, en la atención de la diabetes mellitus. Material y métodos: Diseño transversal y comparativo. Se aplicó un instrumento de evaluación validado previamente por un grupo de expertos, a 78 médicos familiares que se desempeñan en el primer nivel de atención. Dentro de los indicadores explorados con el instrumento de evaluación se incluyen: I Reconocimiento de factores de riesgo, II Reconocimiento de signos y síntomas, III Utilización e interpretación de recursos de laboratorio y gabinete, IV Integración diagnóstica, V Utilización de medidas terapéuticas y VI Medidas de seguimiento. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó la prueba de Kruskall-Wallis y la Ji cuadrada con un nivel de significancia de 0.05 Resultados: El puntaje que correspondió a lo explicable por efectos del azar fue Objective: to compare the clinic aptitude of the doctor in the unities of familiar medicine in the care of the diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: Transversal and comparative pattern. A evaluation previously validated by a group of experts was apply to 78 specialist in familiar medicine who redeem in the first level of attention. The indicators explored in the evaluation are. I recognition of cause of risk. II recognition of signs and symptoms. III utilization and interpretation of laboratory studies and consultation studies. IV diagnostic integration. V utilization of terapeutic measures and VI following measures. For the statistical analysis, it was used the Kruskall-Wallis and chi-square with a level of important of 0.05 Results: the points to the explainable for effects of chance were of < 24 in global grade. According to the scale used, the 64 % (IC 95 % de 53 a 70 % of the results in the grades was situated in the low scale (49-73. In general it didn´t appear significative differences in the results of clinic aptitude by indicator and academic degree

  9. An empirical analysis of the physical aptitude exam as a predictor of performance on the Physical Readiness Test

    OpenAIRE

    Patrick, Robert W.

    2000-01-01

    The Physical Aptitude Exam, administered to candidates in the Naval Academy admissions process to measure physical aptitude, consists of pullups for men or the flexed arm hang for women, a 300-yard shuttle run, a standing longiump, and a kneeling basketball throw. The Physical Readiness Test, administered semi-annually to all naval personnel including midshipmen, consists of modified situps, pushups, and a 1.5-mile run. The purpose of this research is to determine if the Physical Aptitude Exa...

  10. The Implementation of Aptitude Treatment Interaction (ATI to Improve Learning Motivation of Low Achievement Students

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Syawal - Syawal

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available This research was classroom action research, which aims at improving students' motivation of their poor performance through learning model Aptitude Treatment Interaction (ATI on VII.3 grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Parepare. Aptitude Treatment Interaction (ATI can serve individual student differences by adjusting treatment or learning method with students' abilities. The use of this model was emphasizing to create small groups of students that have achievement alike. Students with have low academic achievement based on test results and teacher interview will be grouped into one group and will be given preferential treatment by tutoring intensity rather than the group of high academic achievement. Subjects of this research were students of class VII.3 SMP Negeri 6 Parepare which is consist of 25 students. This research was conducted in two cycles. The procedure of this research involved four phases: (1 planning, (2 Implementation of action, (3 observation, (4 Reflection. The data collection was done by observation, tests, and questionnaires for each cycle after giving treatment through learning model Aptitude Treatment Interaction (ATI. Data collected were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of this research indicate that the Aptitude Treatment Interaction (ATI can be an alternative method to improve learning motivation of low achievement students. The results of this research also showed that the Aptitude Treatment Interaction (ATI can be an alternative to problem-solving in the classroom, especially for low achievement students.

  11. Asparagus Sorter (agric.; can. & preserv.; whole tr.) 529.687 (8-04.10)--Technical Report on Development of USES Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  12. Aptitudes musicales y atención en niños entre diez y doce años

    OpenAIRE

    Martín López, Eva

    2013-01-01

    El presente trabajo surge de la práctica educativa y con la finalidad de mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la música. Se analiza la relación de causa efecto entre una intervención en atención y la mejora de las aptitudes musicales medidas en el Test de Seashore. Se parte de una revisión de la principales investigaciones relacionadas con las aptitudes musicales. El primer objetivo trata de comprobar el éxito de una intervención en atención para la mejora de las aptitudes musi...

  13. Effects of Cooperative Learning Method Type Stad, Language Aptitude, and Intelligence on the Achievement English Hotel at Medan Tourism Academy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdul Kadir Ritonga

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available STAD cooperative learning method which is considered effective in achieving the goal of learning the English language, especially for students majoring in Tourism Academy who are required to master English for Specific Purposes (ESP in accordance with their needs. This study uses factorial design 2x3x3 version of the non-equivalent control group design with ANOVA 3 Ways. The subjects were students MDK III / 5 A and B courses MDK III.5 Rooms Division department Hospitality Academy Year 2015/2016. The samples are saturated samples. Data were collected through a pretest, posttest, and instrument of Language Aptitude and Intelligence parametric statistics analyzed by parametric statistics with significance level of 0.05%. The results showed that: (1 there are differences between method STAD cooperative learning and expository on Hospitality English achievement, (2 there are differences between the students who have high language aptitude and low language aptitude on English achievement, (3 there are differences between students who have high language aptitude and medium on Hospitality English achievement, (4 there are differences between students who have the medium language aptitude and low language aptitude on Hospitality English achievement, (5 there are differences between students who have high intelligence and low intelligence\\ on Hospitality English achievement, (6 there are no differences between who have high intelligence and medium intelligence on Hospitality English achievement, (7 there are differences between students who have the medium intelligence and low intelligence on Hospitality English achievement, (8 there is no interaction between the learning method and language aptitude on Hospitality English achievement, (9 there is an interaction between the learning method and the intelligence on Hospitality English achievement, (10 there is no interaction between intelligence and language aptitude on Hospitality English achievement. (11

  14. Using dramatic role-play to develop emotional aptitude

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Russell Dinapoli

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available As university educators, we need to prepare students for the transition from the information age to what Daniel H. Pink (2005 calls the conceptual age, which is governed by artistry, empathy and emotion, by including in the curricula activities that stimulate both hemispheres of the brain. This can be done by promoting activities that energize what Daniel Goleman (1995 refers to as emotional intelligence, and it further maintains that, as Paul Ekman (2003 suggests, the ability to detect feelings improves communication. Recognizing the need to include in the curricula procedures that help develop students’ right brain aptitudes and enhance their communication skills, I have endeavoured to introduce dramatic scene study as a sustained activity in my English for Specific Purposes courses at the Universidad de Valencia. My aim was to energize the students’ creative and emotional aptitudes, as well as to dynamize effective teamwork. This article sustains that dramatic role-play, based on scripted scene study and related improvisational activities, is one way of achieving this.

  15. The Relationship of Self-Efficacy, Sensation Seeking and Coping Sterategies with Aptitude of Substance Use in University Students

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Azar Kiamarsi

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: The purpose of the research was to determine relationship of coping sterategies, self-efficacy and sensation seeking with aptitude of substance use in the students. Method: The population of the study included students of Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch. The research sample consisted of 313 students who were studying in Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch. To collect the data Coping Sterategies scale, Sensation Seeking scale, Self-Efficacy inventory and Substance Use Aptitude scale were used. Data was analyzed using of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. Findings: The result of Pearson correlation coefficients showed that self-efficacy, sensation seeking, emotin coping sterategies and problem solving coping sterategies related to aptitude substance use in students. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that self-efficacy, sensation seeking and coping sterategies explained 43 percent of variance of aptitude of substance use in students. Conclusion: The results indicated that self-efficacy, sensation seeking and coping sterategies are significant predictors in predicting of aptitude of substance use in adolescents. Clinicians can be used these results for prevention of substance abuse by training of effective coping strategies and promotion of self efficacy.

  16. What?s in a Surname? Physique, Aptitude, and Sports Type Comparisons between Tailors and Smiths

    OpenAIRE

    Voracek, Martin; Rieder, Stephan; Stieger, Stefan; Swami, Viren

    2015-01-01

    Combined heredity of surnames and physique, coupled with past marriage patterns and trade-specific physical aptitude and selection factors, may have led to differential assortment of bodily characteristics among present-day men with specific trade-reflecting surnames (Tailor vs. Smith). Two studies reported here were partially consistent with this genetic-social hypothesis, first proposed by Bäumler (1980). Study 1 (N = 224) indicated significantly higher self-rated physical aptitude for prot...

  17. Secondary education as a predictor of aptitude: Implications for selection in the automotive sector

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliet I. Puchert

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Orientation: Details of applicants’ secondary education (incorporating subject choice could be a useful screening tool when processing large applicant pools. Here, the relationships between secondary education (incorporating subject choice and the reasoning and visual perceptual speed components of the Differential Aptitude Test are explored. Research purpose: The objective of the study was to determine whether type of secondary education (incorporating subject choice could be used as a substitute for reasoning (verbal and non-verbal and/or visual perceptual speed aptitudes in the selection of operators for an automotive plant in South Africa. Motivation for the study: The motivation for this study arose from the evident gap in academic literature as well as the selection needs of the automotive industry. Research design, approach and method: This research adopted a quantitative approach. It involved a non-probability convenience quota sample of 2463 work-seeking applicants for an automotive operator position in South Africa. Participants completed a biographical questionnaire and three subtests from the Differential Aptitude Test battery. The Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between type of secondary education (incorporating subject choice and selected cognitive aptitudes. Main findings: The study’s findings revealed statistically and practically significant relationships between type of secondary education (incorporating subject choice, verbal reasoning, non-verbal reasoning and visual perceptual speed. Broad performance levels in the three aptitude subtests employed in this study were significantly associated with the type of matriculation certificate held by applicants. The findings specifically indicated that the secondary education types that included the subjects mathematics or both mathematics and science were associated with higher levels of performance in the three aptitudes. This had consequences for these

  18. Benefits of completing homework for students with different aptitudes in an introductory electricity and magnetism course

    OpenAIRE

    F. J. Kontur; K. de La Harpe; N. B. Terry

    2015-01-01

    We examine how student aptitudes impact how much students learn from doing graded online and written homework in an introductory electricity and magnetism course. Our analysis examines the correlation between successful homework completion rates and exam performance as well as how changes in homework completion correlate with changes in exam scores for students with different physics aptitudes. On average, successfully completing many homework problems correlated to better exam scores only fo...

  19. Manual dexterity aptitude testing: a soap carving study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tang, Christopher G; Hilsinger, Raymond L; Cruz, Raul M; Schloegel, Luke J; Byl, Fred M; Rasgon, Barry M

    2014-03-01

    Currently there are few validated metrics for predicting surgical skill among otolaryngology residency applicants. To determine whether manual dexterity aptitude testing in the form of soap carving during otolaryngology residency interviews at Kaiser Permanente Medical Center Oakland predicts surgical skill at the time of graduation from otolaryngology residency programs. This study was conducted to determine how applicants with the best and worst soap carvings compared at the time of graduation with respect to various metrics including visuospatial ability and manual dexterity. Over the last 25 years, applicants to the residency program at Kaiser Permanente Oakland were required to carve soap during their residency interview. The 3 best and 3 worst soap carvings from 1990 through 2006 were determined. Of the individuals who carved those soaps, 62 qualified for the study and matriculated into otolaryngology residency programs. Surveys were sent to the 62 individuals' residency programs to evaluate those individuals on a 5-point Likert scale in various categories as well as to rank those individuals as being in the top 50% or bottom 50% of their graduating class. All else being equal, we hypothesized that applicants who had the manual dexterity and visuospatial skills to accurately carve a bar of soap would more likely possess the skills necessary to become a good surgeon. There was no difference between individuals with the best soap carvings and those with the worst soap carvings in all categories: cognitive knowledge, visuospatial ability, manual dexterity, decision making, and overall score (P > .10 for all categories). There was a 95% response rate, with 35 of 37 residency programs responding and 59 of 62 surveys returned. Manual dexterity aptitude testing in the form of soap carving does not appear to correlate with surgical skill at the time of graduation. Further studies need to be conducted to determine the role of manual dexterity and visuospatial

  20. Ornamental-Iron Worker (const.) 4-84.020; Structural-Steel Worker (const.) 4-84-010--Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  1. Mathematical Creativity and Mathematical Aptitude: A Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tyagi, Tarun Kumar

    2016-01-01

    Cross-lagged panel correlation (CLPC) analysis has been used to identify causal relationships between mathematical creativity and mathematical aptitude. For this study, 480 8th standard students were selected through a random cluster technique from 9 intermediate and high schools of Varanasi, India. Mathematical creativity and mathematical…

  2. The Effect of Aptitude and Experience on Mechanical Job Performance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mayberry, Paul W.; Carey, Neil B.

    1997-01-01

    The validity of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) in predicting mechanical job performance was studied with 891 automotive and 522 helicopter mechanics. The mechanical maintenance component of the ASVAB predicted hands-on performance, job knowledge, and training grades quite well, but experience was more predictive of…

  3. Carpet Layer (ret. tr.) 7-59.220; Linoleum Layer (const.; ret. tr.) 5-32.732--Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  4. Pressman (rubber goods; rubber tire & tube) 559.885; Pressman, O-Rings (rubber goods) 559.885--Technical Report on Development of the USTES Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  5. Aptitud de padres para prevenir abuso sexual en menores después de una intervención educativa participativa Parental aptitude to prevent child sexual abuse after a participatory education intervention

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martha Alicia Higareda-Almaraz

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Evaluar la aptitud en los padres sobre el impacto de educar con equidad a los menores, para prevenir abuso sexual infantil con una estrategia educativa participativa. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Diseño cuasiexperimental. Se incluyó a 92 padres con hijos menores en preescolar que recibieron una intervención educativa con estrategia promotora participativa por una hora durante 20 días. Para evaluar el cambio de aptitud se construyó previamente un cuestionario estructurado con 20 enunciados, que fue validado por expertos en educación y sexología infantil. Para comparar la diferencia intragrupos se utilizó Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las respuestas de los padres antes/después de la intervención educativa con un valor en la mediana (rango 10(2-12/18(6-20, pOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the aptitude of parents regarding the educational impact of equity education for children to prevent child sexual abuse using participatory strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quasi-experimental design. Ninety-two parents with children in preschool were included in the study. The parents were given a course using participatory educational strategies for one hour daily over a period of 20 days. Prior to the course, a group of experts in child education and sexology prepared a questionnaire with 20 sentences. A Wilcoxon test was used to compare intergroup differences RESULTS: We found statistically significant differences in the parents' responses before and after the educational intervention, with a median (range of 10(2-12/18(6-20, p<0.01. CONCLUSIONS: A significant change in aptitude was noted when parents attended classes using a participatory strategy to learn about the impact of educational equity for the prevention of child sexual abuse. Thus, it is imperative to continue evaluating different educational strategies.

  6. The Associations between Language Aptitude and Second Language Grammar Acquisition: A Meta-Analytic Review of Five Decades of Research

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Shaofeng

    2015-01-01

    This study reports a meta-analysis that synthesizes the empirical research on the role of language aptitude in second language grammar acquisition. A total of 33 study reports were identified including 17 predictive studies that investigated the correlations between aptitude and ultimate L2 attainment and 16 interactional studies that examined the…

  7. Family physicians clinical aptitude for the nutritional management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Guadalajara, Mexico.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cabrera Pivaral, C E; Gutiérrez Roman, E A; Gonzalez Pérez, G; Gonzalez Reyes, F; Valadez Toscano, F; Gutiérrez Ruvalcaba, C; Rios Riebeling, C D

    2008-02-01

    There are 180,000 new Diabetes Mellitus cases in Mexico each year (1). This chronic, complex and multifactor disease requires an adequate nutritional management plan to be prescribed by family physicians. They should be trained to identify the potential difficulties in the patient's dietary schedule and orientate their management from an integrative point of view. The purpose of this study was to detect and measure family physician's clinical aptitudes for the nutritional management of Type 2 diabetes, in a representative family physician's sample from five Family Medicine Units of the Mexican Institute of Social Security in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. A structured and validated instrument was applied to 117 physicians from a total of 450 in Guadalajara, Jalisco. The main study variable was clinical aptitude for nutritional management of Type 2 diabetes. Aptitude levels were defined by an ordinal scale and related to the other variables using the median, Mann-Whitney's U test and Kruskal Wallis (KW) test. Global results showed a median of 30 points that relates to a low and a very low aptitude level for the 72% of physicians without statistical significance (KW: p>0.05) with the rest of variables. These results reflect family physician's difficulties to orientate the nutritional management of Type 2 diabetes, as well as the lack of work environments that facilitate case reflection and formative educational strategies.

  8. Ensayo de aptitud desarrollado por laboratorios de calibración en la magnitud electricidad

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elia Isabel Guevara-Guerrero

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Los ensayos de aptitud constituyen un control externo de la calidad de los servicios que prestan los laboratorios, ofreciéndoles a estos un gran número de ventajas. El trabajo incluye la realización del ensayo de aptitud de un voltímetro de corriente alterna, mediante comparaciones interlaboratorios en el cual la Oficina Territorial de Normalización de Holguín se desempeñó como coordinadora de un programa de ensayos de aptitud de participación secuencial. Se utilizaron los métodos de análisis documental y síntesis para el tratamiento, resumen de la información y la elaboración de las conclusiones y el método estadístico para el tratamiento y el cálculo de los resultados de las mediciones. El resultado del ensayo posibilitó conocer el desempeño de los laboratorios participantes y sirvió como evidencia al Órgano Nacional de Acreditación de la República de Cuba (ONARC de que ellos realizan sus calibraciones de forma correcta, permitiéndoles obtener o mantener su acreditación.

  9. Prueba de Aptitud para el Aprendizaje de Lenguas Extranjeras (PAPALE) Language Aptitude Test (LAT) (First and Second Versions). English for Special Purposes. Emergency Care Attendant.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muro, Gertrude

    This book contains two versions of the Language Aptitude Test. It is part of a package of materials developed for use in an English for Special Purposes project, which offers classes in reading, grammar, and emergency care attendant training for limited English proficient students. Introductory material describes the parts of two versions and…

  10. Multidimensional Aptitude Battery-Second Edition Intelligence Testing of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Training Candidates Compared with Manned Airframe Training Candidates

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-03-01

    assessing the general intelligence and neuropsychological aptitudes of USAF RPA pilot training candidates. Chappelle et al. obtained comprehensive...computer-based intelligence testing (Multidimensional Aptitude Battery-Second Edition [MAB-II]) and neuropsychological screening (MicroCog) on USAF MQ-1... schizophrenia , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism spectrum disorders) and not on very high functioning populations such as aviators

  11. Maize forage aptitude: Combining ability of inbred lines and stability of hybrids

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Máximo Bertoia

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Breeding of forage maize should combine improvement achieved for grain with the specific needs of forage hybrids. Production stability is important when maize is used for silage if the planting area is not in the ideal agronomic environment. The objectives of the present research were: (i to quantify environmental and genetic and their interaction effects on maize silage traits; (ii to identify possible heterotic groups for forage aptitude and suggest the formation of potential heterotic patterns, and (iii to identify suitable inbred line combinations for producing hybrids with forage aptitude. Forty-five hybrids derived from diallelic crosses (without reciprocals among ten inbred lines of maize were evaluated in this study. Combined ANOVA over environments showed differences between genotypes (G, environments (E, and their interactions (GEI. Heritability (H2, and genotypic and phenotypic correlations were estimated to evaluate the variation in and relationships between forage traits. Postdictive and predictive AMMI models were fitted to determine the importance of each source of variation, G, E, and GEI, and to select genotypes simultaneously on yield, quality and stability. A predominance of additive effects was found in the evaluated traits. The heterotic pattern Reid-BSSS × Argentine flint was confirmed for ear yield (EY and harvest index (HI. High and broad genetic variation was found for stover and whole plant traits. Some inbred lines had genes with differential breeding aptitude for ear and stover. Stover and ear yield should be the main breeding objectives in maize forage breeding.

  12. The Aptitude-Treatment Interaction Effects on the Learning of Grammar Rules

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hwu, Fenfang; Sun, Shuyan

    2012-01-01

    The present study investigates the interaction between two types of explicit instructional approaches, deduction and explicit-induction, and the level of foreign language aptitude in the learning of grammar rules. Results indicate that on the whole the two equally explicit instructional approaches did not differentially affect learning…

  13. What's in a Surname? Physique, Aptitude, and Sports Type Comparisons between Tailors and Smiths.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Voracek, Martin; Rieder, Stephan; Stieger, Stefan; Swami, Viren

    2015-01-01

    Combined heredity of surnames and physique, coupled with past marriage patterns and trade-specific physical aptitude and selection factors, may have led to differential assortment of bodily characteristics among present-day men with specific trade-reflecting surnames (Tailor vs. Smith). Two studies reported here were partially consistent with this genetic-social hypothesis, first proposed by Bäumler (1980). Study 1 (N = 224) indicated significantly higher self-rated physical aptitude for prototypically strength-related activities (professions, sports, hobbies) in a random sample of Smiths. The counterpart effect (higher aptitude for dexterity-related activities among Tailors) was directionally correct, but not significant, and Tailor-Smith differences in basic physique variables were nil. Study 2 examined two large total-population-of-interest datasets (Austria/Germany combined, and UK: N = 7001 and 20,532) of men's national high-score lists for track-and-field events requiring different physiques. In both datasets, proportions of Smiths significantly increased from light-stature over medium-stature to heavy-stature sports categories. The predicted counterpart effect (decreasing prevalences of Tailors along these categories) was not supported. Related prior findings, the viability of possible alternative interpretations of the evidence (differential positive selection for trades and occupations, differential endogamy and assortative mating patterns, implicit egotism effects), and directions for further inquiry are discussed in conclusion.

  14. Determining standard of academic potential based on the Indonesian Scholastic Aptitude Test (TBS benchmark

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Idwin Irma Krisna

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this article was to classify The Indonesian Scholastic Aptitude Test or Tes Bakat Skolastik (TBS results for each subtest and describe scholastic aptitudes in each subtest. The subject of this study was 36,125 prospective students who took the selection test in some universities. Data analysis began by estimating  testees’ ability using the Item Response Theory, and benchmarking process using the scale anchoring method applying ASP.net web server technology. The results of this research are four benchmarks (based on cutoff scores on each subtest, characters which differentiate potential for each benchmark, and measurement error on each benchmark. The items netted give a description of the scholastic aptitude potential clearly and indicate uniqueness so that it could distinguish difference in potential between a lower bench and a higher bench. At a higher bench, a higher level of reasoning power is required in analyzing and processing needed information so that the individual concerned could do the problem solving with the right solution. The items netted at a lower bench in the three subtests tend to be few so that the error of measurement at such a bench still tends to be higher compared to that at a higher bench.

  15. The predictive value of aptitude assessment in laparoscopic surgery : a meta-analysis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kramp, Kelvin H.; van Det, Marc J.; Hoff, Christiaan; Veeger, Nic J. G. M.; ten Cate Hoedemaker, Henk O.; Pierie, Jean-Pierre E. N.

    ContextCurrent methods of assessing candidates for medical specialties that involve laparoscopic skills suffer from a lack of instruments to assess the ability to work in a minimally invasive surgery environment. ObjectivesA meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether aptitude assessment can

  16. Spatial Processing in Infancy Predicts Both Spatial and Mathematical Aptitude in Childhood.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lauer, Jillian E; Lourenco, Stella F

    2016-10-01

    Despite considerable interest in the role of spatial intelligence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) achievement, little is known about the ontogenetic origins of individual differences in spatial aptitude or their relation to later accomplishments in STEM disciplines. The current study provides evidence that spatial processes present in infancy predict interindividual variation in both spatial and mathematical competence later in development. Using a longitudinal design, we found that children's performance on a brief visuospatial change-detection task administered between 6 and 13 months of age was related to their spatial aptitude (i.e., mental-transformation skill) and mastery of symbolic-math concepts at 4 years of age, even when we controlled for general cognitive abilities and spatial memory. These results suggest that nascent spatial processes present in the first year of life not only act as precursors to later spatial intelligence but also predict math achievement during childhood.

  17. CORRELATION BETWEEN METACOGNITIVE STRATEGY, FOREIGN LANGUAGE APTITUDE AND MOTIVATIONS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Novia Tri Febriani

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Language learning belief and language learning strategies are two essential predictors that have significant effect toward students’ language proficiency. Learners’ belief is dealing with what comes from inside the learners in learning the language, such as foreign language aptitude; difficulty of language learning; nature of language learning; learning and communication strategies; and motivation. Meanwhile, language learning strategies are learners’ plan in achieving certain goals or mastering the target language. A preliminary research was conducted in order to find what strategy mostly used by the learners. It turned out that the strategy mostly used by them was metacognitive strategies. Thus, this study aims to investigate about the correlation between metacognitive strategies and certain belief’ variables in students’ language learning which are foreign language aptitude and motivation. Moreover, twenty postgraduate students of English education department participated in this study. This study used correlational research, in which the BALLI (Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory and SILL (Strategies Inventory for Language Learners questionnaires were adopted as the instruments in collecting the data. The findings of this study indicated that there is negative linear correlation between metacognitive strategy and foreign language aptitude (rXY = -0,049 while there is significant positive linear correlation between metacognitive and motivation (rXY =+0,79 in students’ language learning. Furthermore, this study also provide some recommendations, which is it is expected that there will be more researches use studies using different respondents with various contexts. Secondly, the further research will use both of quantitative and qualitative data relating to this issue in order to make a more accurate data.

  18. Examination of the Classification Accuracy of Music Education Special Aptitude Exams

    Science.gov (United States)

    Atar, Hakan Yavuz; Sayin, Ayfer; Atar, Burcu

    2013-01-01

    It is critical both for candidates who apply for programs that require special aptitude and the professors who teach in these programs whether those students' scores on placement exams are correctly calculated. Because student's ability profile and the quality of education in these programs may be directly affected by how candidates placement…

  19. Aptitude, Phonological Memory, and Second Language Proficiency in Nonnovice Adult Learners

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hummel, Kirsten M.

    2009-01-01

    This study explores the relationship between aptitude, phonological memory (PM), and second language (L2) proficiency in nonnovice adult learners of English as an L2. Native speakers of French (N = 77) enrolled in a university Teaching English as a Second Language program were the participants in the study. Exploratory factor analysis revealed…

  20. The relationship between type of secondary education and subject choice with technically oriented aptitudes for automotive operators

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliet I. Puchert

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available Orientation: The central theme of this study attends to the role of secondary education in relation to two broad categories of specific aptitudes (psychomotor and spatial abilities. Utilising type of secondary education (incorporating subject choice could be a crucial selection mechanism for high-volume, entry-level technical positions. Research purpose: The objective of this research was to investigate whether the type of secondary education (incorporating subject choice could be used as a proxy for psychomotor (dexterity and coordination and/or spatial (ability to mentally assemble representations and spatial perception 2-D and 3-D aptitudes in the selection of operators for an automotive plant in South Africa. Motivation for the study: The motivation for this study arose from the evident gap in academic literature as well as the selection needs of the automotive industry. Research design, approach and method: A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design was used with a convenience sample (n = 1566 of work-seeking applicants for automotive operator positions in South Africa. These applicants completed a biographical questionnaire and five sub-tests from the Trade Aptitude Test Battery. The Chi-square test was used to determine the association between form of Grade 12 qualification and selected technical aptitudes. Main findings: Statistically and practically significant relationships were found between type of secondary education (incorporating subject choice, eye–hand coordination and spatial visualisation. Broad performance levels in the five aptitude instruments employed in this study were significantly associated with the type of matriculation certificate held by applicants. Specifically, types of secondary education that included mathematics and/or science as subjects were associated with higher levels of performance in the five specific aptitudes. Practical/managerial implications: The type of secondary education

  1. Diabetes Mellitus: Aptitud clínica del médico de atención primaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Víctor Manuel Gómez-López

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Comparar la aptitud clínica del médico de las Unidades de Medicina Familiar, en la atención de la diabetes mellitus. Material y métodos: Diseño transversal y comparativo. Se aplicó un instrumento de evaluación validado previamente por un grupo de expertos, a 78 médicos familiares que se desempeñan en el primer nivel de atención. Dentro de los indicadores explorados con el instrumento de evaluación se incluyen: I Reconocimiento de factores de riesgo, II Reconocimiento de signos y síntomas, III Utilización e interpretación de recursos de laboratorio y gabinete, IV Integración diagnóstica, V Utilización de medidas terapéuticas y VI Medidas de seguimiento. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó la prueba de Kruskall-Wallis y la Ji cuadrada con un nivel de significancia de 0.05 Resultados: El puntaje que correspondió a lo explicable por efectos del azar fue < 24 en la calificación global. De acuerdo a la escala utilizada, el 64 % (IC 95 % de 53 a 70 % de los resultados de las calificaciones, se ubicó en la escala baja (49-73 En general no hubo diferencias significativas en los resultados de la aptitud clínica por indicador y grado académico. De acuerdo a los objetivos del estudio, la asociación entre grado académico y aptitud clínica utilizando la Ji cuadrada fue de 1.331 (p=NS. Conclusiones: No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la aptitud clínica entre los médicos generales, especialistas en medicina familiar y especialistas certificados.

  2. Psychometric Features of the General Aptitude Test-Verbal Part (GAT-V): A Large-Scale Assessment of High School Graduates in Saudi Arabia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dimitrov, Dimiter M.; Shamrani, Abdul Rahman

    2015-01-01

    This study examines the psychometric features of a General Aptitude Test-Verbal Part, which is used with assessments of high school graduates in Saudi Arabia. The data supported a bifactor model, with one general factor and three content domains (Analogy, Sentence Completion, and Reading Comprehension) as latent aspects of verbal aptitude.

  3. What's in a Surname? Physique, Aptitude, and Sports Type Comparisons between Tailors and Smiths.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martin Voracek

    Full Text Available Combined heredity of surnames and physique, coupled with past marriage patterns and trade-specific physical aptitude and selection factors, may have led to differential assortment of bodily characteristics among present-day men with specific trade-reflecting surnames (Tailor vs. Smith. Two studies reported here were partially consistent with this genetic-social hypothesis, first proposed by Bäumler (1980. Study 1 (N = 224 indicated significantly higher self-rated physical aptitude for prototypically strength-related activities (professions, sports, hobbies in a random sample of Smiths. The counterpart effect (higher aptitude for dexterity-related activities among Tailors was directionally correct, but not significant, and Tailor-Smith differences in basic physique variables were nil. Study 2 examined two large total-population-of-interest datasets (Austria/Germany combined, and UK: N = 7001 and 20,532 of men's national high-score lists for track-and-field events requiring different physiques. In both datasets, proportions of Smiths significantly increased from light-stature over medium-stature to heavy-stature sports categories. The predicted counterpart effect (decreasing prevalences of Tailors along these categories was not supported. Related prior findings, the viability of possible alternative interpretations of the evidence (differential positive selection for trades and occupations, differential endogamy and assortative mating patterns, implicit egotism effects, and directions for further inquiry are discussed in conclusion.

  4. Pronunciation proficiency and musical aptitude in Spanish as a foreign language: results of an experimental research project

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lieve Vangehuchten

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available This paper examines the correlation between musical aptitude and pronunciation proficiency in an experiment with 29 university students of Spanish as a foreign language. The 29 participants took a test in Spanish pronunciation and prosody as well as in musicality. The pronunciation and prosody test consisted of two parts. The first part was a receptive phonemic discrimination test and the second part was a productive test in which they had to repeat words and sentences chosen for their prosodic characteristics. The musical aptitude test also consisted of a receptive part on musicality in general, as well as a productive part, which included the reproduction of tones, tone intervals, rhythms and the singing of a melody. The statistical analysis with Pearson’s correlation-coefficients revealed a positive correlation (although not for all aspects between the musical and foreign language pronunciation proficiency aptitudes. The results are commented on in the discussion. Relevant teaching implications are included in the conclusion.

  5. Automatic item generation implemented for measuring artistic judgment aptitude.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bezruczko, Nikolaus

    2014-01-01

    Automatic item generation (AIG) is a broad class of methods that are being developed to address psychometric issues arising from internet and computer-based testing. In general, issues emphasize efficiency, validity, and diagnostic usefulness of large scale mental testing. Rapid prominence of AIG methods and their implicit perspective on mental testing is bringing painful scrutiny to many sacred psychometric assumptions. This report reviews basic AIG ideas, then presents conceptual foundations, image model development, and operational application to artistic judgment aptitude testing.

  6. Learning Computerese: The Role of Second Language Learning Aptitude in Technology Acceptance

    Science.gov (United States)

    Warner, Janis A.; Koufteros, Xenophon; Verghese, Anto

    2014-01-01

    This article introduces a new construct coined as Computer User Learning Aptitude (CULA). To establish construct validity, CULA is embedded in a nomological network that extends the technology acceptance model (TAM). Specifically, CULA is posited to affect perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, the two underlying TAM constructs.…

  7. Memory Characteristics and Modality in Multimedia Learning: An Aptitude-Treatment-Interaction Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Seufert, Tina; Schutze, Maren; Brunken, Roland

    2009-01-01

    According to the modality effect in multimedia, a text accompanying a picture should be auditorily presented instead of visually in order to avoid split of attention. In two experimental studies (34 and 78 participants, respectively), the impact and possible compensatory effects of two aptitude variables, that is, memory strategy skills and…

  8. The Role of Task Complexity, Modality, and Aptitude in Narrative Task Performance

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kormos, Judit; Trebits, Anna

    2012-01-01

    The study reported in this paper investigated the relationship between components of aptitude and the fluency, lexical variety, syntactic complexity, and accuracy of performance in two types of written and spoken narrative tasks. We also addressed the question of how narrative performance varies in tasks of different cognitive complexity in the…

  9. Evaluation des potentialités nutritives et l'aptitude à la conservation ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Evaluation des potentialités nutritives et l'aptitude à la conservation de onze ... et analysés pour la détermination de la matière sèche totale, l'acidité titrable, ... Les bulbes d'oignon sont riches en calcium, magnésium, fer, zinc et manganèse.

  10. Maternal aptitude of Cinta Senese sows and behaviour of piglets throughout suckling

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    G. Ania

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available A large number of ethological studies on swine species were carried out in order to test their productive and reproductive performances. Depending on genetic type, age, breeding and weaning system sows and piglets behaviour were studied. Maternal aptitude of sows was studied to get reasons of piglets mortality during weaning...

  11. Subcortical processing of speech regularities underlies reading and music aptitude in children

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-01-01

    Background Neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities supports fundamental human behaviors such as hearing in noise and reading. Although the failure to encode acoustic regularities in ongoing speech has been associated with language and literacy deficits, how auditory expertise, such as the expertise that is associated with musical skill, relates to the brainstem processing of speech regularities is unknown. An association between musical skill and neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities would not be surprising given the importance of repetition and regularity in music. Here, we aimed to define relationships between the subcortical processing of speech regularities, music aptitude, and reading abilities in children with and without reading impairment. We hypothesized that, in combination with auditory cognitive abilities, neural sensitivity to regularities in ongoing speech provides a common biological mechanism underlying the development of music and reading abilities. Methods We assessed auditory working memory and attention, music aptitude, reading ability, and neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities in 42 school-aged children with a wide range of reading ability. Neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities was assessed by recording brainstem responses to the same speech sound presented in predictable and variable speech streams. Results Through correlation analyses and structural equation modeling, we reveal that music aptitude and literacy both relate to the extent of subcortical adaptation to regularities in ongoing speech as well as with auditory working memory and attention. Relationships between music and speech processing are specifically driven by performance on a musical rhythm task, underscoring the importance of rhythmic regularity for both language and music. Conclusions These data indicate common brain mechanisms underlying reading and music abilities that relate to how the nervous system responds to regularities in auditory input

  12. Subcortical processing of speech regularities underlies reading and music aptitude in children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Strait, Dana L; Hornickel, Jane; Kraus, Nina

    2011-10-17

    Neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities supports fundamental human behaviors such as hearing in noise and reading. Although the failure to encode acoustic regularities in ongoing speech has been associated with language and literacy deficits, how auditory expertise, such as the expertise that is associated with musical skill, relates to the brainstem processing of speech regularities is unknown. An association between musical skill and neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities would not be surprising given the importance of repetition and regularity in music. Here, we aimed to define relationships between the subcortical processing of speech regularities, music aptitude, and reading abilities in children with and without reading impairment. We hypothesized that, in combination with auditory cognitive abilities, neural sensitivity to regularities in ongoing speech provides a common biological mechanism underlying the development of music and reading abilities. We assessed auditory working memory and attention, music aptitude, reading ability, and neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities in 42 school-aged children with a wide range of reading ability. Neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities was assessed by recording brainstem responses to the same speech sound presented in predictable and variable speech streams. Through correlation analyses and structural equation modeling, we reveal that music aptitude and literacy both relate to the extent of subcortical adaptation to regularities in ongoing speech as well as with auditory working memory and attention. Relationships between music and speech processing are specifically driven by performance on a musical rhythm task, underscoring the importance of rhythmic regularity for both language and music. These data indicate common brain mechanisms underlying reading and music abilities that relate to how the nervous system responds to regularities in auditory input. Definition of common biological underpinnings

  13. Subcortical processing of speech regularities underlies reading and music aptitude in children

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Strait Dana L

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities supports fundamental human behaviors such as hearing in noise and reading. Although the failure to encode acoustic regularities in ongoing speech has been associated with language and literacy deficits, how auditory expertise, such as the expertise that is associated with musical skill, relates to the brainstem processing of speech regularities is unknown. An association between musical skill and neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities would not be surprising given the importance of repetition and regularity in music. Here, we aimed to define relationships between the subcortical processing of speech regularities, music aptitude, and reading abilities in children with and without reading impairment. We hypothesized that, in combination with auditory cognitive abilities, neural sensitivity to regularities in ongoing speech provides a common biological mechanism underlying the development of music and reading abilities. Methods We assessed auditory working memory and attention, music aptitude, reading ability, and neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities in 42 school-aged children with a wide range of reading ability. Neural sensitivity to acoustic regularities was assessed by recording brainstem responses to the same speech sound presented in predictable and variable speech streams. Results Through correlation analyses and structural equation modeling, we reveal that music aptitude and literacy both relate to the extent of subcortical adaptation to regularities in ongoing speech as well as with auditory working memory and attention. Relationships between music and speech processing are specifically driven by performance on a musical rhythm task, underscoring the importance of rhythmic regularity for both language and music. Conclusions These data indicate common brain mechanisms underlying reading and music abilities that relate to how the nervous system responds to

  14. Gasoline-Engine Assembler (engine & turbine) 806.781; Internal-Combustion-Engine-Assembler (engine & turbine) 806.781; Outboard-Motor Assembler (engine & turbine) 806.781--Technical Report on Development of USTES Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  15. What’s in a Surname? Physique, Aptitude, and Sports Type Comparisons between Tailors and Smiths

    Science.gov (United States)

    Voracek, Martin; Rieder, Stephan; Stieger, Stefan; Swami, Viren

    2015-01-01

    Combined heredity of surnames and physique, coupled with past marriage patterns and trade-specific physical aptitude and selection factors, may have led to differential assortment of bodily characteristics among present-day men with specific trade-reflecting surnames (Tailor vs. Smith). Two studies reported here were partially consistent with this genetic-social hypothesis, first proposed by Bäumler (1980). Study 1 (N = 224) indicated significantly higher self-rated physical aptitude for prototypically strength-related activities (professions, sports, hobbies) in a random sample of Smiths. The counterpart effect (higher aptitude for dexterity-related activities among Tailors) was directionally correct, but not significant, and Tailor-Smith differences in basic physique variables were nil. Study 2 examined two large total-population-of-interest datasets (Austria/Germany combined, and UK: N = 7001 and 20532) of men’s national high-score lists for track-and-field events requiring different physiques. In both datasets, proportions of Smiths significantly increased from light-stature over medium-stature to heavy-stature sports categories. The predicted counterpart effect (decreasing prevalences of Tailors along these categories) was not supported. Related prior findings, the viability of possible alternative interpretations of the evidence (differential positive selection for trades and occupations, differential endogamy and assortative mating patterns, implicit egotism effects), and directions for further inquiry are discussed in conclusion. PMID:26161803

  16. The effects of multisensory structured language instruction on native language and foreign language aptitude skills of at-risk high school foreign language learners.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sparks, R; Ganschow, L; Pohlman, J; Skinner, S; Artzer, M

    1992-12-01

    Research findings suggest that most students who have foreign language learning problems have language-based difficulties and, in particular, phonological processing problems. Authors of the present study examined pre- and posttest scores on native language and foreign language aptitude tests of three groups of at-risk high school students enrolled in special, self-contained sections of first-year Spanish. Two groups were instructed using a multisensory structured language (MSL) approach. One of the groups was taught in both English and Spanish (MSL/ES), the other only in Spanish (MSL/S). The third group (NO-MSL) was instructed using more traditional second language teaching methodologies. Significant gains were made by the MSL-ES group on measures of native language phonology, vocabulary, and verbal memory and on a test of foreign language aptitude; the MSL/S group made significant gains on the test of foreign language aptitude. No significant gains on the native language or foreign language aptitude measures were made by the NO-MSL group. Implications for foreign language classroom instruction of at-risk students are discussed.

  17. The role of musical aptitude and language skills in preattentive duration processing in school-aged children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Milovanov, Riia; Huotilainen, Minna; Esquef, Paulo A A; Alku, Paavo; Välimäki, Vesa; Tervaniemi, Mari

    2009-08-28

    We examined 10-12-year old elementary school children's ability to preattentively process sound durations in music and speech stimuli. In total, 40 children had either advanced foreign language production skills and higher musical aptitude or less advanced results in both musicality and linguistic tests. Event-related potential (ERP) recordings of the mismatch negativity (MMN) show that the duration changes in musical sounds are more prominently and accurately processed than changes in speech sounds. Moreover, children with advanced pronunciation and musicality skills displayed enhanced MMNs to duration changes in both speech and musical sounds. Thus, our study provides further evidence for the claim that musical aptitude and linguistic skills are interconnected and the musical features of the stimuli could have a preponderant role in preattentive duration processing.

  18. The Relation of Visual and Auditory Aptitudes to First Grade Low Readers' Achievement under Sight-Word and Systematic Phonic Instructions. Research Report #36.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gallistel, Elizabeth; And Others

    Ten auditory and ten visual aptitude measures were administered in the middle of first grade to a sample of 58 low readers. More than half of this low reader sample had scored more than a year below expected grade level on two or more aptitudes. Word recognition measures were administered after four months of sight word instruction and again after…

  19. Asociación entre la aptitud física y los factores de riesgo de síndrome metabólico en trabajadores de una institución universitaria Association between physical aptitude and metabolic syndrome risk factors in workers of an university institution

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viviana A Dosman

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: identificar la asociación entre la aptitud física y los factores de riesgo del síndrome metabólico en trabajadores de una institución universitaria. Diseño: estudio transversal que incluyó 147 trabajadores, divididos en dos grupos: baja aptitud física (menores a 9 MET y alta aptitud física (mayores a 9,1 MET. Para evaluar síndrome metabólico se tuvieron en cuenta los criterios de la International Diabetes Federation (IDF y para aptitud física el cuestionario PF-A/PA-R, como indicadores del estado de salud. Resultados: de la población evaluada, 47,3% (69 sujetos son hombres y 52,7% (78 sujetos mujeres. La edad promedio de los grupos fue de 35,0 ± 9,7 años (rango 19,0-60,0 años. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las variables: tensión arterial sistólica, glicemia, colesterol, triglicéridos e índice arterial, en ambos grupos y por género, p=Objective: identify the association between physical aptitude and the metabolic syndrome risk factors in workers of an university institution. Design: this cross-sectional study included 147 workers, divided in two groups: low physical fitness ( 9,1 MET. Criteria from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF for metabolic syndrome evaluation and from the PF-A/PA-R questionnaire for the physical aptitude were taken in consideration as health indicators. Results: in the evaluated cohort, 47,3% (69 subjects were men and 52,7% (78 subjects women. Mean age was 35 ± 9,7 years (range 19 to 60 years in the groups. Significant differences were found in the variables: systolic blood pressure, glycemia, cholesterol, triglycerides and arterial index in both groups and by gender, p=<0.05. Furthermore, in the higher physical fitness groups there was an inverse correlation with the metabolic syndrome risk factors such as BMI, waist cicumference, glycemia, triglycerides and arterial index in both genders. In men, correlations with the variable glycemia in the low physical fitness

  20. Un estudio preliminar del fundamento pulsional de la "aptitud de analista" Preliminary study of the instinctual foundation of the "analyst's competence"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Osvaldo Delgado

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta algunas preguntas y desarrollos preliminares surgidos en un recorrido teórico realizado por los textos freudianos del término "aptitud". - Se presentan las referencias a textos anteriores a 1920, aunque se privilegie, en función de los objetivos de la investigación en curso, el ordenamiento y relación de la "aptitud de analista" con los conceptos fundamentales de la segunda tópica freudiana. ¿Se puede elevar el término castellano aptitud y sus originales alemanes al estatuto de un concepto? Finalmente se planteará que la dimensión pulsional del término es lo que permite darle a la "aptitud de analista" un estatuto conceptual, ya que la aptitud como "tauglich" en el advenimiento de un nuevo analista implica una transmutación pulsional específica. La pregunta por cuál es la relación entre lo que porta el carácter y la recomposición de las alteraciones del yo en el período posterior al análisis quedará como orientación para otro trabajo.This work presents some questions and preliminary developments which erased during the theoretical examinations realized on the Freud's texts concerning the term ¨competence¨. The references to the texts earlier than 1920 are given, however, in function of the objectives of the investigation in course, the order and relation of the ¨analyst' s competence¨ to the fundamental concepts of Freud's second topography are favored. Can we give a Spanish term ¨aptitud¨ and its German originals a status of a concept? Final consideration will be that the instinctual dimension of the term is what permits to give it a conceptual status to the ¨analyst's competence¨, since ¨competence¨ as ¨tauglich¨ in making a new analyst implies a specific instinctual transmutation. The question about what is the relation between what makes a character and the reparation of the alteration of ¨I ¨ in the period following the analysis will remain an orientation for further work.

  1. The Effects of Tutoring in Preparing Chinese Students for the Scholastic Aptitude Test

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Li

    2009-01-01

    Scholastic Aptitude Test, called SAT, has an immense influence in Chinese education. Most Chinese students choose to attend tutoring programs outside of the school curriculum to help them prepare. This study explores the tutoring programs both in China and the United States to assess variables that affect the quality of their preparation.…

  2. Gender Differences in Musical Aptitude, Rhythmic Ability and Motor Performance in Preschool Children

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pollatou, Elisana; Karadimou, Konstantina; Gerodimos, Vasilios

    2005-01-01

    Most of the preschool curricula involve integrated movement activities that combine music, rhythm and locomotor skills. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether there are any differences between boys and girls at the age of five concerning their musical aptitude, rhythmic ability and performance in gross motor skills. Ninety-five…

  3. Incremental Validity of New Computerized Aptitude Tests for Predicting Training Performance in Nine Navy Technical Schools

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Wolfe, John H; Larson, Gerald E; Alderton, David L

    2006-01-01

    During their second week of basic training, 4,989 Navy recruits assigned to one of nine technical training schools were administered a battery of six experimental computerized aptitude tests measuring four constructs...

  4. Association between scores in high school, aptitude and achievement exams and early performance in health science college

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Al-Alwan Ibrahim

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available This retrospective study was carried out to assess the correlation between admi-ssion criteria to health science colleges, namely, final high school grade and Saudi National Apti-tude and Achievement exams, and early academic performance in these colleges. The study inclu-ded 91 male students studying in the two-year pre-professional program at the King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Records of these students were used to extract relevant information and their academic performance (based on the grade point average achieved at the end of the first semester of the pre-professional program, which were analytically studied. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the associa-tions between the different scores. SPSS statistical program (version 12.0 was used for data ana-lyses. We found a strong correlation between the academic performance and the Achievement Exam, Aptitude Exam and high school final grade, with Pearson Correlation Coefficients of 0.96, 0.93, 0.87, respectively. The Saudi National Achievement Exam showed the most significant correla-tion. Our results indicate that academic performance showed good correlation with the admission criteria used, namely final high school grade, Saudi National Aptitude and Achievement Exams.

  5. [Education in our time: competency or aptitude? The case for medicine. Part II].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Viniegra-Velázquez, Leonardo

    Part II is focused on participatory education (PE), a distinctive way to understand and practice education in contrast to passive education. The core of PE is to develop everyone's own cognitive potentialities frequently mutilated, neglected or ignored. Epistemological and experiential basis of PE are defined: the concept of incisive and creative criticism, the idea of knowledge as each person's own construct and life experience as the main focus of reflection and cognition. The PE aims towards individuals with unprecedented cognitive and creative faculties, capable of approaching a more inclusive and hospitable world. The last part criticizes the fact that medical education has remained among the passive education paradigm. The key role of cognitive aptitudes, both methodological and practical (clinical aptitude), in the progress of medical education and practice is emphasized. As a conclusion, the knowhow of education is discussed, aiming towards a better world away from human and planetary degradation. Copyright © 2017 Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

  6. Mental Models and Programming Aptitude

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Caspersen, Michael Edelgaard; Bennedsen, Jens; Larsen, Kasper Dalgaard

    2007-01-01

    Predicting the success of students participating in introductory programming courses has been an active research area for more than 25 years. Until recently, no variables or tests have had any significant predictive power. However, Dehnadi and Bornat claim to have found a simple test for programm......Predicting the success of students participating in introductory programming courses has been an active research area for more than 25 years. Until recently, no variables or tests have had any significant predictive power. However, Dehnadi and Bornat claim to have found a simple test...... for programming aptitude to cleanly separate programming sheep from non-programming goats. We briefly present their theory and test instrument. We have repeated their test in our local context in order to verify and perhaps generalise their findings, but we could not show that the test predicts students' success...... in our introductory program-ming course. Based on this failure of the test instrument, we discuss various explanations for our differing results and suggest a research method from which it may be possible to generalise local results in this area. Furthermore, we discuss and criticize Dehnadi and Bornat...

  7. DUF1220 copy number is linearly associated with increased cognitive function as measured by total IQ and mathematical aptitude scores

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davis, Jonathon M.; Searles, Veronica B.; Anderson, Nathan; Keeney, Jonathon; Raznahan, Armin; Horwood, L. John; Fergusson, David M.; Kennedy, Martin A.; Giedd, Jay

    2014-01-01

    DUF1220 protein domains exhibit the greatest human lineage-specific copy number expansion of any protein-coding sequence in the genome, and variation in DUF1220 copy number has been linked to both brain size in humans and brain evolution among primates. Given these findings, we examined associations between DUF1220 subtypes CON1 and CON2 and cognitive aptitude. We identified a linear association between CON2 copy number and cognitive function in two independent populations of European descent. In North American males, an increase in CON2 copy number corresponded with an increase in WISC IQ (R2 = 0.13, p = 0.02), which may be driven by males aged 6–11 (R2 = 0.42, p = 0.003). We utilized ddPCR in a subset as a confirmatory measurement. This group had 26–33 copies of CON2 with a mean of 29, and each copy increase of CON2 was associated with a 3.3-point increase in WISC IQ (R2 = 0.22, p = 0.045). In individuals from New Zealand, an increase in CON2 copy number was associated with an increase in math aptitude ability (R2 = 0.10 p = 0.018). These were not confounded by brain size. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report a replicated association between copy number of a gene coding sequence and cognitive aptitude. Remarkably, dosage variations involving DUF1220 sequences have now been linked to human brain expansion, autism severity and cognitive aptitude, suggesting that such processes may be genetically and mechanistically inter-related. The findings presented here warrant expanded investigations in larger, well-characterized cohorts. PMID:25287832

  8. Cambios en la aptitud física en un grupo de mujeres adultas mayores bajo el modelo de envejecimiento activo

    OpenAIRE

    Jorge Enrique Correa Bautista; Carolina Sandoval Cuellar; Margareth Lorena Alfonso Mora; Karen Dayana Rodríguez Daza

    2012-01-01

    Antecedentes. La actividad física regular puede disminuir la progresión en la pérdida de la capacidad funcional  y el deterioro de la salud del adulto mayor.  El modelo de envejecimiento activo ha demostrado su efectividad para  promover salud y la  funcionalidad  a través del aumento de los  niveles de aptitud física. Objetivo. El propósito de la investigación fue describir los cambios en la aptitud física posterior a un programa de intervención de actividad física basado en el modelo de ...

  9. Cambios en la aptitud física en un grupo de mujeres adultas mayores bajo el modelo de envejecimiento activo

    OpenAIRE

    Correa Bautista, Jorge Enrique; Sandoval Cuellar, Carolina; Alfonso Mora, Margareth Lorena; Rodríguez Daza, Karen Dayana

    2012-01-01

    Antecedentes. La actividad física regular puede disminuir la progresión en la pérdida de la capacidad funcional  y el deterioro de la salud del adulto mayor.  El modelo de envejecimiento activo ha demostrado su efectividad para  promover salud y la  funcionalidad  a través del aumento de los  niveles de aptitud física.Objetivo. El propósito de la investigación fue describir los cambios en la aptitud física posterior a un programa de intervención de actividad física basado en el modelo de enve...

  10. Musical Aptitude Is Associated with AVPR1A-Haplotypes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ukkola, Liisa T.; Onkamo, Päivi; Raijas, Pirre; Karma, Kai; Järvelä, Irma

    2009-01-01

    Artistic creativity forms the basis of music culture and music industry. Composing, improvising and arranging music are complex creative functions of the human brain, which biological value remains unknown. We hypothesized that practicing music is social communication that needs musical aptitude and even creativity in music. In order to understand the neurobiological basis of music in human evolution and communication we analyzed polymorphisms of the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A), serotonin transporter (SLC6A4), catecol-O-methyltranferase (COMT), dopamin receptor D2 (DRD2) and tyrosine hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), genes associated with social bonding and cognitive functions in 19 Finnish families (n = 343 members) with professional musicians and/or active amateurs. All family members were tested for musical aptitude using the auditory structuring ability test (Karma Music test; KMT) and Carl Seashores tests for pitch (SP) and for time (ST). Data on creativity in music (composing, improvising and/or arranging music) was surveyed using a web-based questionnaire. Here we show for the first time that creative functions in music have a strong genetic component (h2 = .84; composing h2 = .40; arranging h2 = .46; improvising h2 = .62) in Finnish multigenerational families. We also show that high music test scores are significantly associated with creative functions in music (pmusic test scores (COMB) (p = 0.0056; corrected p = 0.0006). AVPR1A haplotype AVR+RS1 further suggested a positive association with ST (p = 0.0038; corrected p = 0.00184) and COMB (p = 0.0083; corrected p = 0.0040) using haplotype-based association test HBAT. The results suggest that the neurobiology of music perception and production is likely to be related to the pathways affecting intrinsic attachment behavior. PMID:19461995

  11. Musical aptitude is associated with AVPR1A-haplotypes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ukkola, Liisa T; Onkamo, Päivi; Raijas, Pirre; Karma, Kai; Järvelä, Irma

    2009-05-20

    Artistic creativity forms the basis of music culture and music industry. Composing, improvising and arranging music are complex creative functions of the human brain, which biological value remains unknown. We hypothesized that practicing music is social communication that needs musical aptitude and even creativity in music. In order to understand the neurobiological basis of music in human evolution and communication we analyzed polymorphisms of the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A), serotonin transporter (SLC6A4), catecol-O-methyltranferase (COMT), dopamin receptor D2 (DRD2) and tyrosine hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), genes associated with social bonding and cognitive functions in 19 Finnish families (n = 343 members) with professional musicians and/or active amateurs. All family members were tested for musical aptitude using the auditory structuring ability test (Karma Music test; KMT) and Carl Seashores tests for pitch (SP) and for time (ST). Data on creativity in music (composing, improvising and/or arranging music) was surveyed using a web-based questionnaire. Here we show for the first time that creative functions in music have a strong genetic component (h(2) = .84; composing h(2) = .40; arranging h(2) = .46; improvising h(2) = .62) in Finnish multigenerational families. We also show that high music test scores are significantly associated with creative functions in music (pmusic test scores (COMB) (p = 0.0056; corrected p = 0.0006). AVPR1A haplotype AVR+RS1 further suggested a positive association with ST (p = 0.0038; corrected p = 0.00184) and COMB (p = 0.0083; corrected p = 0.0040) using haplotype-based association test HBAT. The results suggest that the neurobiology of music perception and production is likely to be related to the pathways affecting intrinsic attachment behavior.

  12. [Perspectives on resilience : trait or aptitude ?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rolin, H; Fossion, P; Kotsou, I; Leys, C

    2018-01-01

    In this paper, we discuss various issues related to the concept of resilience, which is conventionally defined as a dynamic process allowing for a positive adaptation in a context of significant adversity. First, we try to draw the reader's attention to the importance of the concept of resilience in terms of public health. Second, we address the difficulty of measuring resilience in a relevant and operational manner. Third, we then address the question of whether resilience can be conceived only in the context of a confrontation with trauma, or whether its application can be relevant to the everyday nontraumatic adversity. In this regard, we introduce and define another coping strategy which is the Sense of Coherence (SOC). Fourth, we discuss the nature of resilience, that is to say, whether it should be considered as a personality trait or as an aptitude. We try to show that this problem arises from the difficulty to specify the emotional processes involved in resilience. Finally, we propose future research perspectives that should allow us to better understand the concept of resilience.

  13. Developing a study aptitude test for international distance education students of geoinformation science and earth observation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Pasha Zadeh Monajjemi, P.; Augustijn-Beckers, Petronella; Verkroost, M.J.; Sarjakoski, Tapani; Santos, Maribel Yasmina; Sarjakoski, L. Tiina

    2016-01-01

    Online diagnostic study aptitude tests are a common means of helping students select the correct type of course, and the correct mode of education. However, universities often lack the data to predict critical student success factors correctly. In this paper we discuss the development of an online

  14. [Education in our time: competency or aptitude? The case for medicine. Part I].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Viniegra-Velázquez, Leonardo

    This paper begins with a statement: It is necessary to characterize the respective society to be able to understand the education's core. Distinctive features of the present-day world lead us to define it as the ruin of a civilization based on limitless financial gain, where education has a passive quality, responsible of maintaining the status quo as well as preserving the degrading attributes of actual societies: individualism, passivity, competitiveness, consumerism and high vulnerability to control and manipulation. About the dilemma: competency or aptitude, these are not synonyms but concepts pertaining radically different approaches to the practice and understanding of education. Competency represents the actual tendencies of passive education, where knowledge is just about acquiring information. Aptitude refers to participatory education, described in the second part of this essay. The passive education is present in the professional competencies model, specified in terms of curricula, profiles, levels, school activities, evaluation, concept of progress and social consequences. This paradigm does not foster real progress-defined as the primacy of values sustaining spiritual, intellectual and moral development but as an "accomplice" of the civilization's collapse. Copyright © 2017 Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

  15. [Achievements of an educational strategy promoting participation in the development of clinical aptitude and critical reading in cardiology residents, linked to appropriate use of research reports].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Valencia-Sánchez, Jesús Salvador; Leyva-González, Félix Arturo; Viniegra-Velázquez, Leonardo

    2007-01-01

    To search the reach of educative strategy promoting the participation, to estimate the development of clinical aptitude and critical reading attaching the appropriate use of clinic research in cardiology residents. Prospective study. The instrument of clinical aptitude was constructed with five cases and 170 items and the instrument of critical reading was developed with five summaries of articles of clinical research in cardiology by 120 items. The strategy was performed with activities one a week during six months by two hours per class, in the period: March and September, 2005. Reading guides were delivered to the participants a week before that included a clinical case and clinic research of cardiology. During the activities in class we were promoting the participation and discussion. Both measuring instruments were performed in the first (initial measuring) and final session (final measuring). Non parametric test were used because the variable of the subjects were not normal distribution and the scale was ordinal. The reliability coefficient in both instruments with the Kuder-Richardson was 0.90 and 0.85 respectively. After educative strategy was observed a significant advance in the global calcifications, such as in critical reading and in clinical aptitude (p = 0.001 and 0.5 respectively). Analyzing in an independent manner the components of critical reading we found significant advancement in the indicators interpretation and judgment. In clinical aptitude we found significant progress in the indicators: the suitable use of paraclinics resources, the appropriate use of therapeutics measurement and iatropatogenic decisions for omission. The educative strategy promoting the participation, permitted to get a change in the clinical aptitude and critical reading attaching the appropriate use of sources of investigation in cardiology residents.

  16. Development of USES Specific Aptitude Test Battery for Waiter/Waitress, Informal (hotel & rest.) 311.477-030.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oregon State Dept. of Human Resources, Salem.

    The United States Employment Service (USES) Specific Aptitude Test Battery (SATB) for Waiter/Waitress (Informal) is evaluated from three points of view: (1) technical adequacy of the research, (2) fairness to minorities, and (3) usefulness of the battery to Employment Service staff and employers in selecting individuals for training as…

  17. Benefits of Completing Homework for Students with Different Aptitudes in an Introductory Electricity and Magnetism Course

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kontur, F.?J.; de La Harpe, K.; Terry, N.?B.

    2015-01-01

    We examine how student aptitudes impact how much students learn from doing graded online and written homework in an introductory electricity and magnetism course. Our analysis examines the correlation between successful homework completion rates and exam performance as well as how changes in homework completion correlate with changes in exam…

  18. Análisis de la aptitud aeróbica en jóvenes fumadores aparentemente sanos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana I. García

    2014-09-01

    Conclusiones: La aptitud aeróbica en jóvenes fumadores militares fue significativamente menor que en el grupo de no fumadores. Su identificación temprana podría traer beneficios en la prevención de enfermedades respiratorias, que actualmente cursan con carácter de epidemia en Colombia.

  19. Explaining differences in adult second language learning : The role of language input characteristics and learners’ cognitive aptitudes

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Ćurčić, M.

    2018-01-01

    This dissertation examines how adult learning of novel language structures is affected by the characteristics of the language input that learners are exposed to and by learners’ cognitive aptitudes, such as analytical ability and working memory capacity. In a series of experiments, adult native

  20. Gender and engineering aptitude: Is the color of science, technology, engineering, and math materials related to children's performance?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mulvey, Kelly Lynn; Miller, Bridget; Rizzardi, Victoria

    2017-08-01

    To investigate gender stereotypes, demonstrated engineering aptitude, and attitudes, children (N=105) solved an engineering problem using either pastel-colored or primary-colored materials. Participants also evaluated the acceptability of denial of access to engineering materials based on gender and counter-stereotypic preferences (i.e., a boy who prefers pastel-colored materials). Whereas material color was not related to differences in female participants' performance, younger boys assigned to pastel materials demonstrated lower engineering aptitude than did other participants. In addition, results documented age- and gender-related differences; younger participants, and sometimes boys, exhibited less flexibility regarding gender stereotypes than did older and female participants. The findings suggest that attempts to enhance STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) engagement or performance through the color of STEM materials may have unintended consequences. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  1. The association of noise sensitivity with music listening, training, and aptitude

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marina Kliuchko

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available After intensive, long-term musical training, the auditory system of a musician is specifically tuned to perceive musical sounds. We wished to find out whether a musician′s auditory system also develops increased sensitivity to any sound of everyday life, experiencing them as noise. For this purpose, an online survey, including questionnaires on noise sensitivity, musical background, and listening tests for assessing musical aptitude, was administered to 197 participants in Finland and Italy. Subjective noise sensitivity (assessed with the Weinstein′s Noise Sensitivity Scale was analyzed for associations with musicianship, musical aptitude, weekly time spent listening to music, and the importance of music in each person′s life (or music importance. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their musical expertise: Nonmusicians (N = 103, amateur musicians (N = 44, and professional musicians (N = 50. The results showed that noise sensitivity did not depend on musical expertise or performance on musicality tests or the amount of active (attentive listening to music. In contrast, it was associated with daily passive listening to music, so that individuals with higher noise sensitivity spent less time in passive (background listening to music than those with lower sensitivity to noise. Furthermore, noise-sensitive respondents rated music as less important in their life than did individuals with lower sensitivity to noise. The results demonstrate that the special sensitivity of the auditory system derived from musical training does not lead to increased irritability from unwanted sounds. However, the disposition to tolerate contingent musical backgrounds in everyday life depends on the individual′s noise sensitivity.

  2. The association of noise sensitivity with music listening, training, and aptitude.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kliuchko, Marina; Heinonen-Guzejev, Marja; Monacis, Lucia; Gold, Benjamin P; Heikkilä, Kauko V; Spinosa, Vittoria; Tervaniemi, Mari; Brattico, Elvira

    2015-01-01

    After intensive, long-term musical training, the auditory system of a musician is specifically tuned to perceive musical sounds. We wished to find out whether a musician's auditory system also develops increased sensitivity to any sound of everyday life, experiencing them as noise. For this purpose, an online survey, including questionnaires on noise sensitivity, musical background, and listening tests for assessing musical aptitude, was administered to 197 participants in Finland and Italy. Subjective noise sensitivity (assessed with the Weinstein's Noise Sensitivity Scale) was analyzed for associations with musicianship, musical aptitude, weekly time spent listening to music, and the importance of music in each person's life (or music importance). Subjects were divided into three groups according to their musical expertise: Nonmusicians (N = 103), amateur musicians (N = 44), and professional musicians (N = 50). The results showed that noise sensitivity did not depend on musical expertise or performance on musicality tests or the amount of active (attentive) listening to music. In contrast, it was associated with daily passive listening to music, so that individuals with higher noise sensitivity spent less time in passive (background) listening to music than those with lower sensitivity to noise. Furthermore, noise-sensitive respondents rated music as less important in their life than did individuals with lower sensitivity to noise. The results demonstrate that the special sensitivity of the auditory system derived from musical training does not lead to increased irritability from unwanted sounds. However, the disposition to tolerate contingent musical backgrounds in everyday life depends on the individual's noise sensitivity.

  3. Counselor Nonverbal Self-Disclosure and Fear of Intimacy during Employment Counseling: An Aptitude-Treatment Interaction Illustration

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carrein, Cindy; Bernaud, Jean-Luc

    2010-01-01

    This study investigated the effects of nonverbal self-disclosure within the dynamic of aptitude-treatment interaction. Participants (N = 94) watched a video of a career counseling session aimed at helping the jobseeker to find employment. The video was then edited to display 3 varying degrees of nonverbal self-disclosure. In conjunction with the…

  4. Foreign Language Pronunciation Skills and Musical Aptitude: A Study of Finnish Adults with Higher Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Milovanov, Riia; Pietila, Paivi; Tervaniemi, Mari; Esquef, Paulo A. A.

    2010-01-01

    The main aim of this study was to examine second language production and discrimination skills in the light of musical aptitude. Our study was conducted in university settings in south-western Finland. English was used as a model for the second language due to its popularity among young adults. There were three types of tests used in this study: a…

  5. Differential Prediction of FAA Academy Performance on the Basis of Race and Written Air Traffic Control Specialist Aptitude Test Scores

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Broach, Dana

    1999-01-01

    The written air traffic control specialist (ATCS) aptitude test battery was evaluated for evidence of predictive bias within the framework of the Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures (29 CFR 1607...

  6. A Note on the Use of the Hiskey-Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude with Deaf Children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Watson, Betty U.; Goldgar, David E.

    1985-01-01

    Comparing distribution of scores on the Hiskey-Nebraska Test of Learning Aptitude (H-NTLA) with those from the Wechsler Performance Scales for 71 hearing impaired Ss revealed a correlation of .85. However, the H-NTLA yielded more Ss with extreme scores. Findings stress the need for caution in interpreting extreme H-NTLA scores. (CL)

  7. Musical aptitude is associated with AVPR1A-haplotypes.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liisa T Ukkola

    Full Text Available Artistic creativity forms the basis of music culture and music industry. Composing, improvising and arranging music are complex creative functions of the human brain, which biological value remains unknown. We hypothesized that practicing music is social communication that needs musical aptitude and even creativity in music. In order to understand the neurobiological basis of music in human evolution and communication we analyzed polymorphisms of the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A (AVPR1A, serotonin transporter (SLC6A4, catecol-O-methyltranferase (COMT, dopamin receptor D2 (DRD2 and tyrosine hydroxylase 1 (TPH1, genes associated with social bonding and cognitive functions in 19 Finnish families (n = 343 members with professional musicians and/or active amateurs. All family members were tested for musical aptitude using the auditory structuring ability test (Karma Music test; KMT and Carl Seashores tests for pitch (SP and for time (ST. Data on creativity in music (composing, improvising and/or arranging music was surveyed using a web-based questionnaire. Here we show for the first time that creative functions in music have a strong genetic component (h(2 = .84; composing h(2 = .40; arranging h(2 = .46; improvising h(2 = .62 in Finnish multigenerational families. We also show that high music test scores are significantly associated with creative functions in music (p<.0001. We discovered an overall haplotype association with AVPR1A gene (markers RS1 and RS3 and KMT (p = 0.0008; corrected p = 0.00002, SP (p = 0.0261; corrected p = 0.0072 and combined music test scores (COMB (p = 0.0056; corrected p = 0.0006. AVPR1A haplotype AVR+RS1 further suggested a positive association with ST (p = 0.0038; corrected p = 0.00184 and COMB (p = 0.0083; corrected p = 0.0040 using haplotype-based association test HBAT. The results suggest that the neurobiology of music perception and production is likely to be related to the pathways affecting intrinsic attachment

  8. The Relationship Between Selected Subtests of the Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude and Second Grade Reading Achievement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sherwood, Charles; Chambless, Martha

    Relationships between reading achievement and perceptual skills as measured by selected subtests of the Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude were investigated in a sample of 73 second graders. Verbal opposites, visual memory for designs, and visual attention span for letters were significantly correlated with both word meaning and vocabulary…

  9. Visuospatial and psychomotor aptitude predicts endovascular performance of inexperienced individuals on a virtual reality simulator.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Herzeele, Isabelle; O'Donoghue, Kevin G L; Aggarwal, Rajesh; Vermassen, Frank; Darzi, Ara; Cheshire, Nicholas J W

    2010-04-01

    This study evaluated virtual reality (VR) simulation for endovascular training of medical students to determine whether innate perceptual, visuospatial, and psychomotor aptitude (VSA) can predict initial and plateau phase of technical endovascular skills acquisition. Twenty medical students received didactic and endovascular training on a commercially available VR simulator. Each student treated a series of 10 identical noncomplex renal artery stenoses endovascularly. The simulator recorded performance data instantly and objectively. An experienced interventionalist rated the performance at the initial and final sessions using generic (out of 40) and procedure-specific (out of 30) rating scales. VSA were tested with fine motor dexterity (FMD, Perdue Pegboard), psychomotor ability (minimally invasive virtual reality surgical trainer [MIST-VR]), image recall (Rey-Osterrieth), and organizational aptitude (map-planning). VSA performance scores were correlated with the assessment parameters of endovascular skills at commencement and completion of training. Medical students exhibited statistically significant learning curves from the initial to the plateau performance for contrast usage (medians, 28 vs 17 mL, P dexterity as well as with image recall at end of the training period. In addition to current recruitment strategies, VSA may be a useful tool for predictive validity studies.

  10. Reply to "Comment on "Benefits of Completing Homework for Students with Different Aptitudes in an Introductory Electricity and Magnetism Course""

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kontur, F. J.; de La Harpe, K.; Terry, N. B.

    2016-01-01

    We reply to Rieger, Reinsberg, and Wieman's forgoing Comment [Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res., Comment on "Benefits of completing homework for students with different aptitudes in an introductory electricity and magnetism course" 12, 028001 (2016)].

  11. Music therapy career aptitude and generalized self-efficacy in music therapy students.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lim, Hayoung A; Befi, Cathy M

    2014-01-01

    While the Music Therapy Career Aptitude Test (MTCAT) provides a measure of student aptitude, measures of perceived self-efficacy may provide additional information about a students' suitability for a music therapy career. As a first step in determining whether future studies examining combined scores from the MTCAT and the Generalized Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale would be useful to help predict academic success in music therapy, we explored the internal reliability of these two measures in a sample of undergraduate students, and the relationship (concurrent validity) of the measures to one another. Eighty undergraduate music therapy students (14 male; 66 female) completed the MTCAT and GSE. To determine internal reliability we conducted tests of normality and calculated Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha for each measure. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to ascertain the strength of the relationship between the MTCAT and GSE. MTCAT scores were normally distributed and had high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.706). GSE scores were not normally distributed, but had high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.748). The correlation coefficient analysis revealed that MTCAT and GSE scores were moderately correlated ((r = 0.426, p music therapy students; however, a more complete picture of student suitability for music therapy may be determined by administering the GSE alongside the MTCAT. Future studies are needed to determine whether combined MTCAT and GSE scores can be used to predict student success in an undergraduate music therapy program. © the American Music Therapy Association 2014. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  12. Integration of Digital Technologies into Play-Based Pedagogy in Kuwaiti Early Childhood Education: Teachers' Views, Attitudes and Aptitudes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aldhafeeri, Fayiz; Palaiologou, Ioanna; Folorunsho, Aderonke

    2016-01-01

    Scholars in the field of early childhood education are still debating the inclusion of digital technologies in play-based pedagogy and our understanding of digital play in early childhood education is still developing. This research paper examines early childhood education teachers' views, aptitudes and attitudes towards digital technologies in…

  13. EATING HABITS, DIETARY DIVERSITY AND APTITUDE FOR PRACTICING HORTICULTURE OF PERI-URBAN FAMILIES FROM CARDEL, VERACRUZ, MEXICO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Antonio Toral Juárez

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available The urban and peri-urban families represent 75% of the Mexican population. The poverty and form of feed seem to be associated with obesity, degenerative diseases and malnutrition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the eating habits and dietary diversity of Cardel city, Veracruz, Mexico peri-urban families and know the aptitude of families to practice horticulture at home. Dietary diversity was determined using the scoring method of staple foods. Eating habits and aptitude to practice horticulture were obtained by a survey type Likert scale. The 35% of the families presented good eating habits, 19% regular and 46% of households showed poor dietary habits. Dietary diversity was 29.4 ± 8.7 in primary foods. The Likert general index was 2.9 and represented an average availability to practice peri-urban horticulture. Food diversity of families peri-urban is a function of family economic capacity, in contrast, food habits and socioeconomic status are not associated and finally there were identified multiple factors that positively influence the willingness of the mother of family to practice horticulture.

  14. Cambios en la aptitud física en un grupo de mujeres adultas mayores bajo el modelo de envejecimiento activo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Enrique Correa Bautista

    2012-01-01

    Objetivo. El propósito de la investigación fue describir los cambios en la aptitud física posterior a un programa de intervención de actividad física basado en el modelo de envejecimiento activo en 21 sujetos de al menos 60 años, de una localidad  de la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, serie de casos, que analizó cambios en los componentes de la aptitud física, luego de la implementación de un programa de actividad física, con duración igual o mayor a una hora por día, cinco días por semana, durante 12 semanas. Se aplicó la batería Senior Fitness Test (SFT y la encuesta de comportamiento frente a la  actividad física de Bess Marcus, previo consentimiento informado de los sujetos participantes. Resultados. La evaluación final mostró cambios estadísticamente significativos con un IC 95% en las variables medidas como: peso, índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal, porcentaje graso (porcentaje magro, fuerza flexibilidad resistencia cardiovascular y agilidad. Conclusiones. Los programas de actividad física basados en el modelo de envejecimiento activo proporcionan cambios en la aptitud física especialmente en la fuerza de resistencia, la resistencia aeróbica, la agilidad motora, la  flexibilidad y la composición corporal.

  15. The effects of multisensory structured language instruction on native language and foreign language aptitude skills of at-risk high school foreign language learners: A replication and follow-up study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sparks, R L; Ganschow, L

    1993-12-01

    According to research findings, most students who experience foreign language learning problems are thought to have overt or subtle native language learning difficulties, primarily with phonological processing. A recent study by the authors showed that when a multisensory structured language approach to teaching Spanish was used with a group of at-risk high school students, the group's pre- and posttest scores on native language phonological processing, verbal memory and vocabulary, and foreign language aptitude measures significantly improved. In this replication and follow-up study, the authors compared pre- and posttest scores of a second group of students (Cohort 2) who received MSL instruction in Spanish on native language and foreign language aptitude measures. They also followed students from the first study (Cohort 1) over a second year of foreign language instruction. Findings showed that the second cohort made significant gains on three native language phonological measures and a test of foreign language aptitude. Follow-up testing on the first cohort showed that the group maintained its initial gains on all native language and foreign language aptitude measures. Implications for the authors' Linguistic Coding Deficit Hypothesis are discussed and linked with current reading research, in particular the concepts of the assumption of specificity and modularity.

  16. Les objectifs et les critères de sélection. Les aptitudes bouchères : croissance, efficacité alimentaire et qualité de la carcasse

    OpenAIRE

    SELLIER, Pierre; BOUIX, J.; Renand, Gilles; MOLENAT, M.

    1992-01-01

    Les programmes de sélection sur les aptitudes bouchères ont un double objectif : l’abaissement du coût de production et l’amélioration de la qualité du produit. Cet article rappelle un certain nombre de données de base sur les aptitudes bouchères : courbe de croissance, évolution de la composition chimique et tissulaire chez l’animal en croissance (notion d’allométrie), énergétique de la croissance (relation entre efficacité alimentaire et croissance musculaire), développement des tissus musc...

  17. Stability of puppy reaction to traditional puppy aptitude test under experimentally reared condtions

    OpenAIRE

    Ishikawa, Keisuke; Eguchi, Yusuke; Uetake, Katsuji; Tnaka, Toshio

    2010-01-01

    The puppy aptitude test (PAT) is a general method for choosing a puppy. However, the reliability of the test has been in doubt because of its lack of a scientific base. In this report, we conducted PAT and some other behavioral tests before and after the establishment of socialization in order to investigate the stability of behavioral traits of puppies. Ten puppies were tested of eleven items on PAT at 57 and 140 days of age. The puppy’s behavior was videotaped and rated by four people using...

  18. Effects of Sound, Vocabulary, and Grammar Learning Aptitude on Adult Second Language Speech Attainment in Foreign Language Classrooms

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saito, Kazuya

    2017-01-01

    This study examines the relationship between different types of language learning aptitude (measured via the LLAMA test) and adult second language (L2) learners' attainment in speech production in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) classrooms. Picture descriptions elicited from 50 Japanese EFL learners from varied proficiency levels were analyzed…

  19. COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL, PERFIL LIPÍDICO Y APTITUD FÍSICA EN MUJERES ADOLESCENTES EN MÉXICO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Aldo Hernández-Murúa

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la composición corporal, el perfil de lípidos sanguíneos y aptitud física en mujeres adolescentes con y sin sobrepeso, y correlacionar cada variable con las demás. Se consideró un diseño transversal. Participaron 38 mujeres adolescentes con edades entre 14 y 19 años. Clasificadas como normopeso (n = 21 o sobrepeso (n = 17 según la gráfica de la Organización Mundial de la Salud mediante el IMC (kg/m² en función del puntaje z para edades de 5 a 19 años (puntaje z: 0 a +1 DE = normopeso, +1 a +2 DE = sobrepeso. Se realizaron mediciones de composición corporal, perfil de lípidos sanguíneos (colesterol total, triglicéridos, cHDL, cLDL y aptitud física (VO2pico y 1RM. Los resultados muestran que las adolescentes con normopeso fueron significativamente (p < 0.05 más bajas (M ± DE en todas las variables de composición corporal que las mujeres adolescentes con sobrepeso. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el VO2pico, 1RM ni en el perfil de lípidos sanguíneos. En conclusión, las mujeres adolescentes con sobrepeso presentan mayores niveles de composición y grasa corporal pero estos niveles superiores no parecen afectar los niveles de lípidos sanguíneos. Se encontró una asociación entre los niveles de aptitud física (VO2pico y la composición corporal (% grasa, pliegues cutáneos. Se sugieren otros estudios para buscar la asociación entre los niveles de VO2pico y grasa corporal.

  20. A Cross-Cultural Test of Sex Bias in the Predictive Validity of Scholastic Aptitude Examinations: Some Israeli Findings.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zeidner, Moshe

    1987-01-01

    This study examined the cross-cultural validity of the sex bias contention with respect to standardized aptitude testing, used for academic prediction purposes in Israel. Analyses were based on the grade point average and scores of 1778 Jewish and 1017 Arab students who were administered standardized college entrance test batteries. (Author/LMO)

  1. Aptitud cardiorrespiratoria y adiposidad frente al nivel de actividad física

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Alberto Ramos Parrací

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Con el objetivo de determinar el comportamiento de la Aptitud Cardiorrespiratoria y la adiposidad frente al nivel de actividad física de la población adulta de la ciudad de Neiva, se evaluaron 972 sujetos entre 18 a 75 años de edad. Estudio Descriptivo Correlacional. Los datos se analizaron en SPSS-23 e InfoStat/Profesional 1,2. La metodología partió de la descripción de variables, posteriormente el grado de asociación entre ellas (coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, los grupos conformados se compararon (Prueba ANOVA y comparación multiple LSD Fisher; por último, se estableció el grado de agrupamiento entre las variables (Prueba Average Linkage. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias significativas en índice de masa corporal (IMC, Frecuencia Cardiaca Reposo (FCR y Consumo Máximo de Oxigeno (VO2máx., entre activos e inactivos; asociación del 5%, entre el IMC con FCR y VO2máx, índice cintura–cadera (ICC y porcentaje grasa corporal (%GC; del ICC con %GC, VO2máx, Tensión Arterial Sistólica (TAS y Diastólica (TAD; del %GC con FCR, TAD y VO2máx; la FCR con VO2máx; la TAS con TAD y VO2máx rechazando la hipótesis de independencia. Concluyendo que los indicadores de adiposidad y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria evidencian la combinación de factores de riesgo de enfermedades de índole hipocinético en la población.

  2. VARIABILIDAD Y RELACION ENTRE LAS PROPIEDADES ANATOMICAS, QUIMICAS Y LA APTITUD PULPABLE, EN CLONES DE EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS.

    OpenAIRE

    RAMIREZ VIDAL, MAURICIO HERNAN; RAMIREZ VIDAL, MAURICIO HERNAN

    2008-01-01

    Se estudió la variación de la anatomía de la madera, variables biornétricas, aptitud pulpable y propiedades de la pulpa, en 14 clones de E. globulus de 7 años de edad, creciendo en un ensayo clonal en la zona de Arauco, región del Bio-Bio, Chile. Las Cara 61p.

  3. Management and Evaluation System on Human Error, Licence Requirements, and Job-aptitude in Rail and the Other Industries

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Koo, In Soo; Suh, S. M.; Park, G. O. (and others)

    2006-07-15

    Rail system is a system that is very closely related to the public life. When an accident happens, the public using this system should be injured or even be killed. The accident that recently took place in Taegu subway system, because of the inappropriate human-side task performance, showed demonstratively how its results could turn out to be tragic one. Many studies have shown that the most cases of the accidents have occurred because of performing his/her tasks in inappropriate way. It is generally recognised that the rail system without human element could never be happened quite long time. So human element in rail system is going to be the major factor to the next tragic accident. This state of the art report studied the cases of the managements and evaluation systems related to human errors, license requirements, and job aptitudes in the areas of rail and the other industries for the purpose of improvement of the task performance of personnel which consists of an element and finally enhancement of rail safety. The human errors, license requirements, and evaluation system of the job aptitude on people engaged in agencies with close relation to rail do much for development and preservation their abilities. But due to various inside and outside factors, to some extent it may have limitations to timely reflect overall trends of society, technology, and a sense of value. Removal and control of the factors of human errors will have epochal roles in safety of the rail system through the case studies of this report. Analytical results on case studies of this report will be used in the project 'Development of Management Criteria on Human Error and Evaluation Criteria on Job-aptitude of Rail Safe-operation Personnel' which has been carried out as a part of 'Integrated R and D Program for Railway Safety'.

  4. Management and Evaluation System on Human Error, Licence Requirements, and Job-aptitude in Rail and the Other Industries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koo, In Soo; Suh, S. M.; Park, G. O.

    2006-07-01

    Rail system is a system that is very closely related to the public life. When an accident happens, the public using this system should be injured or even be killed. The accident that recently took place in Taegu subway system, because of the inappropriate human-side task performance, showed demonstratively how its results could turn out to be tragic one. Many studies have shown that the most cases of the accidents have occurred because of performing his/her tasks in inappropriate way. It is generally recognised that the rail system without human element could never be happened quite long time. So human element in rail system is going to be the major factor to the next tragic accident. This state of the art report studied the cases of the managements and evaluation systems related to human errors, license requirements, and job aptitudes in the areas of rail and the other industries for the purpose of improvement of the task performance of personnel which consists of an element and finally enhancement of rail safety. The human errors, license requirements, and evaluation system of the job aptitude on people engaged in agencies with close relation to rail do much for development and preservation their abilities. But due to various inside and outside factors, to some extent it may have limitations to timely reflect overall trends of society, technology, and a sense of value. Removal and control of the factors of human errors will have epochal roles in safety of the rail system through the case studies of this report. Analytical results on case studies of this report will be used in the project 'Development of Management Criteria on Human Error and Evaluation Criteria on Job-aptitude of Rail Safe-operation Personnel' which has been carried out as a part of 'Integrated R and D Program for Railway Safety'

  5. The Influence of Direct Instruction on Student Self-appraisals: A Hierarchical Analysis of Treatment and Aptitude-Treatment Interaction Effects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Corno, Lyn; And Others

    1981-01-01

    Treatment and aptitude-treatment interaction (ATI) effects were assessed on grade 3 student self-appraisal data relating to self-esteem, attitude, anxiety, and locus of control. In particular, parent instruction in learning skills resulted in significantly higher average scores on student self-esteem and attitude and lower scores on anxiety.…

  6. Determinación experimental de la aptitud a la expansión térmica de arcillas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    KARYN ALEXANDRA GIRALDO CÁRDENAS

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tuvo como objeto fundamental estudiar, a escala de laboratorio, la aptitud a la expansión térmica de diferentes muestras de arcillas variando la temperatura de quema y modificando la composición de éstas con la adición de agentes promotores de la expansión térmica, como carbonato de calcio y cenizas volantes de carbón. El procedimiento experimental comprendió cuatro etapas: preparación, caracterización, pruebas preliminares de quema y ensayos de quema específicos; utilizando como criterio de expansión térmica el cambio porcentual de volumen de las muestras, y como criterios de calidad de los productos obtenidos, la densidad, la porosidad abierta y la absorción de agua. Finalmente, se encontró que una de las arcillas estudiadas presentó aptitud a la expansión térmica de manera natural y que otras cinco arcillas, mezcladas con diferentes proporciones de aditivos, también expandieron térmicamente a temperaturas comprendidas entre 1100°C y 1250°C.

  7. DISEÑO DE UN SISTEMA DE CÓMPUTO PARA DETERMINAR APTITUD ECOTURÍSTICA DE ÁREAS FORESTALES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelino A. Pérez-Vivar

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del presente trabajo fue diseñar y construir un sistema de cómputo (software con la finalidad de generar mapas de aptitud ecoturística. Para ello, se estructuró un modelo conceptual que combina herramientas de evaluación multicriterio y SIG en un ambiente de toma de decisiones. El diseño del software se realizó de acuerdo con el modelo conceptual y, finalmente, el diseño fue codificado en lenguaje de programación Visual Basic®. Como información de entrada, el sistema utiliza criterios e indicadores (cartografiables para el desarrollo adecuado de alguna actividad ecoturística de interés, así como mapas temáticos correspondientes. La información de salida son mapas en formato raster cuyas celdas presentan valores en un gradiente de 0 a 1 representando la aptitud de dicha celda para el desarrollo de la actividad ecoturística evaluada. Este sistema puede ser una herramienta muy valiosa, eficaz y eficiente en el proceso de toma de decisiones y planificación del uso de la tierra.

  8. Comment on "Benefits of Completing Homework for Students with Different Aptitudes in an Introductory Electricity and Magnetism Course"

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rieger, G. W.; Reinsberg, S. A.; Wieman, C. E.

    2016-01-01

    We present a comment on "Benefits of completing homework for students with different aptitudes in an introductory electricity and magnetism course", by F. J. Kontur, K. de La Harpe, and N. B. Terry PRST-PER 11, 010105 (2015). Our data show that the conclusions Kontur and coworkers draw from their data may not be generally applicable.

  9. Relationships among musical aptitude, digit ratio and testosterone in men and women.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jeremy C Borniger

    Full Text Available Circulating adult testosterone levels, digit ratio (length of the second finger relative to the fourth finger, and directional asymmetry in digit ratio are considered sexually dimorphic traits in humans. These have been related to spatial abilities in men and women, and because similar brain structures appear to be involved in both spatial and musical abilities, neuroendocrine function may be related to musical as well as spatial cognition. To evaluate relationships among testosterone and musical ability in men and women, saliva samples were collected, testosterone concentrations assessed, and digit ratios calculated using standardized protocols in a sample of university students (N = 61, including both music and non-music majors. Results of Spearman correlations suggest that digit ratio and testosterone levels are statistically related to musical aptitude and performance only within the female sample: A those females with greater self-reported history of exposure to music (p = 0.016 and instrument proficiency (p = 0.040 scored higher on the Advanced Measures of Music Audiation test, B those females with higher left hand digit ratio (and perhaps lower fetal testosterone levels were more highly ranked (p = 0.007 in the orchestra, C female music students exhibited a trend (p = 0.082 towards higher testosterone levels compared to female non-music students, and D female music students with higher rank in the orchestra/band had higher testosterone levels (p = 0.003 than lower ranked students. None of these relationships were significant in the male sample, although a lack of statistical power may be one cause. The effects of testosterone are likely a small part of a poorly understood system of biological and environmental stimuli that contribute to musical aptitude. Hormones may play some role in modulating the phenotype of musical ability, and this may be the case for females more so than males.

  10. EFECTO DEL RECUENTO DE CÉLULAS SOMÁTICAS SOBRE LA APTITUD QUESERA DE LA LECHE Y LA CALIDAD FISICOQUÍMICA Y SENSORIAL DEL QUESO CAMPESINO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. A. Vásquez

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes: en Colombia, el alto recuento de células somáticas (RCS en la leche es un problema para la industria lechera. Altos recuentos pueden afectar de manera consi - derable los rendimientos y calidad final del queso. Varios países han establecido límites máximos estandarizados para el RCS. Colombia no lo ha hecho de manera oficial y tan solo unas pocas industrias manejan sus propios límites. Objetivos: Determinar el efecto del RCS sobre parámetros de aptitud quesera de la leche y la calidad sensorial del queso campesino. Métodos: Se tomaron muestras de leche de seis tanques con altos y bajos RCS y se realizaron mezclas para obtener 30 baches con diferentes RCS (desde 150.000 hasta 1.200.000 cel/ml. Con estas mezclas se elaboraron 30 quesos tipo campesino a los cuales se les determinaron variables de aptitud quesera (tiempo de coagulación, rendimientos y pérdidas en suero y la calidad organoléptica a través de una prueba sensorial descrip - tiva de puntajes con panel de seis jueces con experiencia previa y entrenados en queso campesino. Las variables de aptitud quesera fueron analizadas por regresión múltiple y los resultados de la evaluación sensorial con la prueba no paramétrica de Friedman. Resultados: La aptitud quesera disminuyó con RCS superiores a 200.000 cel/ml. El tiempo de coagulación (R 2 = 0.74; P < 0.001 y las pérdidas de proteína en el lactosuero (R 2 = 0.55; P <0,001 aumentaron, mientras que los rendimientos (R 2 =0.31; P <0.01 disminuyeron a medida que aumentó el RCS. La calificación de los panelistas respecto de la textura y la apariencia disminuyó con RCS mayores a 600.000 cel/ml ( P <0.01 y el sabor y el aroma, a partir de 800.000 cel/ml ( P <0,01. Conclusiones: Aumentos en el RCS en leche afectan negativamente parámetros de aptitud quesera y la calidad sensorial del queso campesino. Se sugiere que los impactos serán menores sobre el rendimiento cuanto menor sea el RCS, mientras que la calidad

  11. Aptitude Tests Versus School Exams as Selection Tools for Higher Education and the Case for Assessing Educational Achievement in Context

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stringer, Neil

    2008-01-01

    Advocates of using a US-style SAT for university selection claim that it is fairer to applicants from disadvantaged backgrounds than achievement tests because it assesses potential, not achievement, and that it allows finer discrimination between top applicants than GCEs. The pros and cons of aptitude tests in principle are discussed, focusing on…

  12. The aptitude of the soils for the production of sugarcane. Part 2: Comparison of two methods at ‘Ciudad Caracas’ sugarcane mill

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson C. Arzola Pina

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available The object of this study was to compare two methods for determining the aptitude of soils for growing Sugarcane in Cuba. The information was provided by three sugarcane farms owned by Ciudad Caracas sugarcane mill in the municipality of Santa Isabel de Las Lajas in Cienfuegos. The information of the soils from each farm was taken from the 1:25 000 scale cadastral maps designed by Ministerio de la Agricultura (MINAG. Rainfall data was collected from the nearby stations rain gauges. And the sugarcane yield was reported by each farm. The aptitude of the soils was determined by two methods (AGRO 24 de 1993 y Arzola de 1999 using the information available. Results showed that both methods are appropriate for selecting soils with higher productive potential, and are a useful tool for making right decisions for optimizing the land use at each sugarcane farm.

  13. [Parental aptitude to prevent child sexual abuse after a participatory education intervention].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Higareda-Almaraz, Martha Alicia; Higareda-Almaraz, Enrique; Higareda-Almaraz, Irma Reyna; Barrera-de León, Juan Carlos; Gómez-Llamas, Meynardo Alonso; Benites-Godínez, Verónica

    2011-01-01

    To evaluate the aptitude of parents regarding the educational impact of equity education for children to prevent child sexual abuse using participatory strategies. Quasi-experimental design. Ninety-two parents with children in preschool were included in the study. The parents were given a course using participatory educational strategies for one hour daily over a period of 20 days. Prior to the course, a group of experts in child education and sexology prepared a questionnaire with 20 sentences. A Wilcoxon test was used to compare intergroup differences We found statistically significant differences in the parents' responses before and after the educational intervention, with a median (range) of 10(2-12)/18(6-20), pchild sexual abuse. Thus, it is imperative to continue evaluating different educational strategies.

  14. Aptitude visuelle à la conduite automobile: exemple des candidats au permis de conduire à Libreville

    Science.gov (United States)

    Souhail, Hassane; Assoumou, Prudence; Birinda, Hilda; Mengome, Emmanuel Mve

    2015-01-01

    L'objectif était d’évaluer l'aptitude visuelle à la conduite automobile des candidats au permis de conduire à Libreville. Il s'agissait d'une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique, qui s'est déroulée à Libreville pendant la période du 4 avril 2012 au 14 juillet 2012 (soit 4 mois et 10 jours). La population d’étude concernait les candidats soumis aux épreuves d'obtention du permis de conduire. Nous avons inclus dans notre travail, les candidats, ayant donné leur consentement par écrit et exclus ceux refusant d'adhérer à l'enquête. Les variables étudiées concernaient l’âge, le sexe, la population d’étude, l'activité professionnelle, l'acuité visuelle de loin et de près, la vision des couleurs, la catégorie du permis de conduire, et l'aptitude visuelle à la conduite automobile. La saisie et l'analyse des données ont été collectées au moyen d'une fiche d'enquête standardisée; après vérification et validation, elles ont été saisies sur le logiciel Excel Windows et analysées sur le logiciel Epi Info version 3.5.1. L’âge moyen des 406 candidats était de 29 ans ± 6,65 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 17 ans à 52 ans. Les hommes représentaient 283 (69,7%) et les femmes 123 (30,3%), soit un ratio de 2,3. Les fonctionnaires étaient retrouvés dans 39,4 % des cas, suivi des élèves-étudiants dans 33,5%. Dans notre population d’étude, 71 sur 406 candidats avaient une baisse de l'acuité visuelle de loin, soit 17,5%. Dans notre série, nous avons retrouvés 34 candidats âgés de 40 ans et plus, et seulement 14 candidats (41,2%) avaient une baisse de l'acuité visuelle de près. La quasi-totalité des patients avaient une vision de couleurs normale (99,5%), cependant 2 candidats avaient une vision de couleurs anormale, soit une prévalence de 0,5%. Dans notre échantillon, 403 (99,3%) sollicitaient un permis de conduire de catégorie léger (perms A, A1, B, F) et 3 (0,7%) sollicitaient un permis de conduire de type

  15. The Relation of College Student Self-Efficacy toward Writing and Writing Self-Regulation Aptitude: Writing Feedback Perceptions as a Mediating Variable

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ekholm, Eric; Zumbrunn, Sharon; Conklin, Sarah

    2015-01-01

    Despite the powerful effect feedback often has on student writing success more research is needed on how students emotionally react to the feedback they receive. This study tested the predictive and mediational roles of college student writing self-efficacy beliefs and feedback perceptions on writing self-regulation aptitude. Results suggested…

  16. Fruit Sorter (agric.; can. & preserv.; whole tr.) 9-68.60; Cherry Sorter 9-68.60; Olive Sorter 9-68.60; Packer (agric.) 9-68.35; Apple Packer 9-68.35; Cherry Packer 9-68.35; Citrus-Fruit Packer 9-68.35; Plum Packer 9-68.35 -- Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  17. Multi-Population Invariance with Dichotomous Measures: Combining Multi-Group and MIMIC Methodologies in Evaluating the General Aptitude Test in the Arabic Language

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sideridis, Georgios D.; Tsaousis, Ioannis; Al-harbi, Khaleel A.

    2015-01-01

    The purpose of the present study was to extend the model of measurement invariance by simultaneously estimating invariance across multiple populations in the dichotomous instrument case using multi-group confirmatory factor analytic and multiple indicator multiple causes (MIMIC) methodologies. Using the Arabic version of the General Aptitude Test…

  18. Coil Opener and Down Ender Operator (iron & steel) 7-88.305; Conveyor Man (iron & steel) 7-88.300; Cooling Conveyor Operator (iron & steel) 7-88.241; Tester Conveyor Operator (iron & steel) 7-88.241; Thread Entry Conveyor Operator (iron & steel) 7-88.241; Yard Transfer Conveyor Operator (iron & steel) 7-88.241--Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

    The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

  19. Assessing medical students' self-regulation as aptitude in computer-based learning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Song, Hyuksoon S; Kalet, Adina L; Plass, Jan L

    2011-03-01

    We developed a Self-Regulation Measure for Computer-based learning (SRMC) tailored toward medical students, by modifying Zimmerman's Self-Regulated Learning Interview Schedule (SRLIS) for K-12 learners. The SRMC's reliability and validity were examined in 2 studies. In Study 1, 109 first-year medical students were asked to complete the SRMC. Bivariate correlation analysis results indicated that the SRMC scores had a moderate degree of correlation with student achievement in a teacher-developed test. In Study 2, 58 third-year clerkship students completed the SRMC. Regression analysis results indicated that the frequency of medical students' usage of self-regulation strategies was associated with their general clinical knowledge measured by a nationally standardized licensing exam. These two studies provided evidence for the reliability and concurrent validity of the SRMC to assess medical students' self-regulation as aptitude. Future work should provide evidence to guide and improve instructional design as well as inform educational policy.

  20. The Dental Hygiene Aptitude Tests and the American College Testing Program Tests as Predictors of Scores on the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Longenbecker, Sueann; Wood, Peter H.

    1984-01-01

    Scores from the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (NBDHE) served as the criterion variable in a comparison of the predictive validity of the Dental Hygiene Aptitude Tests (DHAT) and the ACT Assessment tests. The DHAT-Science and Verbal tests combined to produce the highest multiple correlation with NBDHE scores. (Author/DWH)

  1. 2. Rhythmical Creativity in Duple and Triple Meter of Students of Early-School Education in the Light of Their Stabilised Musical Aptitudes and Rhythm Readiness to Improvise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kołodziejski Maciej

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available The article presents the results of (author's own research on the students of earlyschool education imitation and the rhythmical improvisation in the light of their stabilised musical aptitudes measured with Edwin E. Gordon's AMMA test and also Edwin E. Gordon's readiness to rhythm improvisation readiness record (RIRR. In the first part of the research the students imitated some rhythmical patterns diversified in terms of difficulty in duple and triple meter and the subsequent part concerned guiding the oral rhythmical dialogue (on the BAH syllable by the teacher with the application of various rhythmical motives in different metres. The students' both imitative and improvising performances were rated by three competent judges. What was undertaken was searching for the relations between musical aptitudes, improvisation readiness and the pupils' rhythmical imitation and improvisation abilities.

  2. Determinación experimental de la aptitud a la expansión térmica de arcillas

    OpenAIRE

    Giraldo Cárdenas, Karyn Alexandra; García Escobar, Jorge Orlando

    2008-01-01

    El presente trabajo tuvo como objeto fundamental estudiar, a escala de laboratorio, la aptitud a la expansión térmica de diferentes muestras de arcillas variando la temperatura de quema y modificando la composición de éstas con la adición de agentes promotores de la expansión térmica, como carbonato de calcio y cenizas volantes de carbón. El procedimiento experimental comprendió cuatro etapas: preparación, caracterización, pruebas preliminares de quema y ensayos de quema específic...

  3. Construct-level predictive validity of educational attainment and intellectual aptitude tests in medical student selection: meta-regression of six UK longitudinal studies

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-01-01

    Background Measures used for medical student selection should predict future performance during training. A problem for any selection study is that predictor-outcome correlations are known only in those who have been selected, whereas selectors need to know how measures would predict in the entire pool of applicants. That problem of interpretation can be solved by calculating construct-level predictive validity, an estimate of true predictor-outcome correlation across the range of applicant abilities. Methods Construct-level predictive validities were calculated in six cohort studies of medical student selection and training (student entry, 1972 to 2009) for a range of predictors, including A-levels, General Certificates of Secondary Education (GCSEs)/O-levels, and aptitude tests (AH5 and UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT)). Outcomes included undergraduate basic medical science and finals assessments, as well as postgraduate measures of Membership of the Royal Colleges of Physicians of the United Kingdom (MRCP(UK)) performance and entry in the Specialist Register. Construct-level predictive validity was calculated with the method of Hunter, Schmidt and Le (2006), adapted to correct for right-censorship of examination results due to grade inflation. Results Meta-regression analyzed 57 separate predictor-outcome correlations (POCs) and construct-level predictive validities (CLPVs). Mean CLPVs are substantially higher (.450) than mean POCs (.171). Mean CLPVs for first-year examinations, were high for A-levels (.809; CI: .501 to .935), and lower for GCSEs/O-levels (.332; CI: .024 to .583) and UKCAT (mean = .245; CI: .207 to .276). A-levels had higher CLPVs for all undergraduate and postgraduate assessments than did GCSEs/O-levels and intellectual aptitude tests. CLPVs of educational attainment measures decline somewhat during training, but continue to predict postgraduate performance. Intellectual aptitude tests have lower CLPVs than A-levels or GCSEs

  4. Deseos, aptitudes y conocimientos sobre lactancia materna de gestantes en su tercer trimestre Desires, aptitudes and knowledge about breastfeeding in women at their third trimester of pregnancy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Remigio Rafael Gorrita Pérez

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: la lactancia materna es la única forma natural de alimentar al bebé, y una forma inigualable de facilitar el alimento ideal para su crecimiento y desarrollo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, para evaluar deseos, aptitudes y conocimientos sobre lactancia materna en el tercer trimestre de 114 gestantes del Policlínico "Mártires del 9 de Abril", de San José de las Lajas. Entre marzo de 2010 y de 2011 se valoraron sus historias de salud individual y familiar, y se aplicó a tal efecto un cuestionario con 22 preguntas. Resultados: la información se incorporó a una base de datos y se utilizó para el análisis el estadígrafo chi cuadrado, que se consideró significativo con pIntroduction: breastfeeding is the only natural way of feeding the baby and an unparallel form of providing him with the ideal food for adequate growth and development. Methods: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the desires, the aptitudes and the knowledge about breastfeeding of 114 women in their third trimester of pregnancy from "Martires del 9 de Abril" polyclinics in San José de las Lajas. From March 2010 to March 2011, their individual and family health histories were assessed through a 22-interrogation questionnaire. Results: data were introduced in a database and chi square statistic was used for statistical analysis, the level of significance was p< 0,05. All the participants expressed their desire to breastfeed their offspring. Two thirds were considered prepared or well-prepared to do so, with the required knowledge to attain this objective; but just over one fifth did prove that they had it. Most of the future mothers aged 20 to 35 years; the schooling was mostly technician or high school education (60 for 52.6 %; the marital status of 45.6 % was cohabitation, 40.3 % were married and 13.2 % (15 were singles. These are aspects that undoubtedly influence the results. Conclusions: in addition

  5. Embarazo deseado y planificado, lactancia previa, aptitud para lactar y conocimientos de las madres sobre lactancia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Remigio Rafael Gorrita Pérez

    Full Text Available Introducción: la OMS y la Unicef recomiendan lactancia materna exclusiva durante los primeros 6 meses de vida, y complementada, al menos, hasta los 2 años; sin embargo, los resultados no son los esperados. Objetivo: evaluar la relación entre la planificación del embarazo, la lactancia en hijos anteriores, la aptitud referida para lactar y los conocimientos sobre lactancia materna de las gestantes en su tercer trimestre, de los Policlínicos "Luis Augusto Turcios Lima" y "Mártires del 9 de Abril", del municipio San José de las Lajas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico y transversal, entre marzo de 2010 y marzo de 2011. De 192 gestantes en su tercer trimestre, y que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, se estudiaron: hijos previos y si recibieron lactancia materna, planificación, deseos del embarazo, aptitudes referidas, así como conocimientos sobre la lactancia. Se aplicaron 22 preguntas y se estableció un sistema de puntaje. Resultados: algo más de la mitad de las madres se consideraron aptas para la lactancia, y asumieron que poseían los conocimientos necesarios para lograrlo, pero menos de la quinta parte mostró poseerlos. Las gestantes que obtuvieron valores superiores en el cuestionario fueron: las que tenían un hijo previo, las que ya habían ofrecido lactancia materna exclusiva de 4 a 6 meses, y las que deseaban y habían planificado su embarazo. Conclusiones: aunque la mayoría de las gestantes consideraron que estaban aptas para la lactancia materna, no demostraron tener los conocimientos necesarios para asumirla exitosamente.

  6. Results of the ESA study on psychological selection of astronaut applicants for Columbus missions I: Aptitude testing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fassbender, Christoph; Goeters, Klaus-Martin

    European participation in the Space Station Freedom brought about new challenges for the psychological selection of astronaut candidates, particularly in respect to specific demands of long duration space flights. For this reason existing selection criteria and methods were reassessed. On these grounds a study was undertaken applying a unique composition of aptitude tests to a group of 97 ESA scientists and engineers who are highly comparable to the expected astronaut applicants with respect to age and education. The tests assessed operational aptitudes such as logical reasoning, memory function, perception, spatial orientation, attention, psychomotor function, and multiple task capacity. The study goals were: 1) Verification of psychometric qualities and applicability of tests in a normative group; 2) Search for culture-fair tests by which multi-national groups can be examined; 3) Identification of test methods which consider general and special operational demands of long duration space flights. Based on the empirical findings a test battery was arranged for use in the selection of ESA astronaut applicants. Results showed that 16 out of the 18 employed tests have good psychometric qualities and differentiate reliably in the special group of testees. The meta structure of the test battery as described by a factorial analysis is presented. Applicability of tests was generally high. Tests were culture-fair, however, a relation between English language skills and test results was identified. Since most item material was language-free, this was explained with the importance of English language skills for the understanding of test instructions. Solutions to this effect are suggested.

  7. Effect of book reviewing workshop on awareness of, aptitude for and attitude toward book reviews in faculty members of faculty of management and medical information

    Science.gov (United States)

    Najafi, Nayere Sadat Soleimanzade; Ashrafi-rizi, Hasan; Yarmohammadian, Mohammad Hossein; Shahrzadi, Leila; Hasanzade, Akbar

    2014-01-01

    Introduction: Works evaluation and critique is one of the most important phases in scientific production cycle. Reviewers need some aptitude about rules and principles of writing good review. Considering the important role of books for storage and transferring the scientific findings, book reviewing is vital to scientific progress. Despite this fact, investigation of Isfahan University of Medical Science's journal, demonstrated the number of published book reviews to be very small. This study aims to investigate the influence of reviewing training courses on participants’ book reviewing awareness, attitude, and aptitude. Materials and Methods: The study method is experimental with two group design (with pre-test and post-test) and applied. Statistical population is of all faculty members of the faculty of management and medical information of Isfahan University of Medical Science, including both hired and contracted employees, which, according to faculty's department of Education, consists of 86 people. The sampling method used in this study is random. Number of samples in case and control groups was calculated using the following equation of n= (z1 + z2) 2 (2s2)/d2 and is 15 people. One checklist and two questionnaires were the means of data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software and two level of descriptive (mean and SD) and inferential statistics (t-test and t-paired). Results: Findings showed that the mean score of awareness of book reviews in case group increased meaningfully after the training course (55.7) compared to the score prior to the intervention (33.1), P book reviews in control group remained mostly the same before (31.6) and after intervention (35.1), P = 0.35. The mean score of attitude toward book reviews showed no significant difference before and after intervention in both case group (71.4 before intervention and 74.4 after intervention, P = 0.11) and control group (70.9 before intervention and 74.4 after intervention, P = 0

  8. Foreign language aptitude of pupils with learning disabilities at the beginning of the foreign language acquisition at the elementary school

    OpenAIRE

    Špačková, Klára

    2011-01-01

    The dissertation is dealing with the issue of foreign language aptitude and foreign language abilities of pupils with learning disabilities at the beginning of the foreign language acquisition. The first part of the work describes general theories of the foreign language acquisition and introduces the current trends in education of pupils with learning disabilities in the process of foreign language learning. The second part of the work describes the research, which aim was to investigate the...

  9. Aptitud clínica ante el paciente pediátrico con asma grave en residentes de pediatría y urgencias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. Loría-Castellanos

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Construir, validar y aplicar un instrumento para evaluar la aptitud clínica de los residentes de pediatría y urgencia ante los pacientes pediátricos con asma grave. Sujetos y métodos. Estudio observacional autorizado por el comité de investigación. El instrumento se construyó a través de cinco casos clínicos reales, validado por consenso de expertos en pediatría, urgencias e investigación educativa, obteniéndose una versión final de 150 ítems con una consistencia de 0,89. Se evaluaron 10 residentes de pediatría y 21 de urgencias. Se realizó un análisis estadístico no paramétrico. Resultados. La mayoría de los residentes (79,73% se ubicaron en los niveles bajos-muy bajos de aptitud clínica, ninguno alcanzó niveles superiores. Las pruebas estadísticas no encontraron diferencias entre los grados académicos o la especialidad. Conclusiones. El instrumento construido tiene una adecuada consistencia. El proceso educativo al que se han sometido estos residentes parece no favorecer el desarrollo de reflexión, lo que podría limitar su práctica profesional real.

  10. Modelación de la aptitud ingeniero geológica de los suelos de la ciudad de Luanda

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriela J. Pereira Teixeira-Pires

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo obtener, mediante lógica difusa, un modelo espacial de aptitud de los suelos de la ciudad de Luanda a partir de dos parámetros: litología y pendiente. Se detectaron zonas favorables para la construcción civil (infraestructuras urbanas y viales y sectores con comportamiento diferenciado que pueden condicionar riesgos, lo que exige un reordenamiento territorial. El modelo establece orientaciones para la confección de la carta geotécnica para la ciudad de Luanda, y sirve como instrumento que ayuda en el planeamiento territorial.

  11. Estudio de la composición corporal y la aptitud física en estudiantes del primer ciclo de la Universidad Peruana Unión – Tarapoto 2012

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Norma Alejandría Lozano

    Full Text Available In the last ages cancer became the mortal number one illness in global scale, nowadays is the obesity, which presents without any distinction of age, gender, socioeconomic level neither religion. The target of the study was to describe the corporal composition and the physical aptitude associated to health of students of Union Peruvian College – Tarapoto. The sample of the study was conformed of 318 students, both genders, between the ages from 16 to 19. The research design is no experimental descriptive. In corporal composition we obtained the (BMI body mass index and to describe the physical aptitude associated to health we take five tests: mile race, push up, trunk lift, 30 seconds abdominal, and 30 seconds Burpee. The results show that when we evaluate the BMI in the students, we obtained a 54.72% underneath the right weight, 26.73% in the right weight and an 18.55% finds between pre obese and extremely obese. The average values in males of 16 and 19 in the sum of three folds were 38.8% and 36.9%, unlike the average values displayed by female gender; however, males between 17 and 18 show the 38.5% and 36.6% indicating that they increased their average values in contrast to females. Also, in the physical aptitude test, in both genders, there is a significant increase of the average values in favor of males, except in the mile race test when, at the age of 19, females get lower performance.

  12. Assessment of the role of aptitude in the acquisition of advanced laparoscopic surgical skill sets: results from a virtual reality-based laparoscopic colectomy training programme.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    Nugent, Emmeline

    2012-09-01

    The surgeons of the future will need to have advanced laparoscopic skills. The current challenge in surgical education is to teach these skills and to identify factors that may have a positive influence on training curriculums. The primary aim of this study was to determine if fundamental aptitude impacts on ability to perform a laparoscopic colectomy.

  13. Visuospatial Aptitude Testing Differentially Predicts Simulated Surgical Skill.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hinchcliff, Emily; Green, Isabel; Destephano, Christopher; Cox, Mary; Smink, Douglas; Kumar, Amanika; Hokenstad, Erik; Bengtson, Joan; Cohen, Sarah

    2018-02-05

    To determine if visuospatial perception (VSP) testing is correlated to simulated or intraoperative surgical performance as rated by the American College of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones. Classification II-2 SETTING: Two academic training institutions PARTICIPANTS: 41 residents, including 19 Brigham and Women's Hospital and 22 Mayo Clinic residents from three different specialties (OBGYN, general surgery, urology). Participants underwent three different tests: visuospatial perception testing (VSP), Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS®) peg transfer, and DaVinci robotic simulation peg transfer. Surgical grading from the ACGME milestones tool was obtained for each participant. Demographic and subject background information was also collected including specialty, year of training, prior experience with simulated skills, and surgical interest. Standard statistical analysis using Student's t test were performed, and correlations were determined using adjusted linear regression models. In univariate analysis, BWH and Mayo training programs differed in both times and overall scores for both FLS® peg transfer and DaVinci robotic simulation peg transfer (p<0.05 for all). Additionally, type of residency training impacted time and overall score on robotic peg transfer. Familiarity with tasks correlated with higher score and faster task completion (p= 0.05 for all except VSP score). There was no difference in VSP scores by program, specialty, or year of training. In adjusted linear regression modeling, VSP testing was correlated only to robotic peg transfer skills (average time p=0.006, overall score p=0.001). Milestones did not correlate to either VSP or surgical simulation testing. VSP score was correlated with robotic simulation skills but not with FLS skills or ACGME milestones. This suggests that the ability of VSP score to predict competence differs between tasks. Therefore, further investigation is required into aptitude testing, especially prior

  14. Musical aptitude and second language pronunciation skills in school-aged children: neural and behavioral evidence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Milovanov, Riia; Huotilainen, Minna; Välimäki, Vesa; Esquef, Paulo A A; Tervaniemi, Mari

    2008-02-15

    The main focus of this study was to examine the relationship between musical aptitude and second language pronunciation skills. We investigated whether children with superior performance in foreign language production represent musical sound features more readily in the preattentive level of neural processing compared with children with less-advanced production skills. Sound processing accuracy was examined in elementary school children by means of event-related potential (ERP) recordings and behavioral measures. Children with good linguistic skills had better musical skills as measured by the Seashore musicality test than children with less accurate linguistic skills. The ERP data accompany the results of the behavioral tests: children with good linguistic skills showed more pronounced sound-change evoked activation with the music stimuli than children with less accurate linguistic skills. Taken together, the results imply that musical and linguistic skills could partly be based on shared neural mechanisms.

  15. Aptitud combinatoria general y especifica de líneas tropicales de maiz usando probadores

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Sierra

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Aptitud combinatoria general y específica de líneas tropicales de maíz usando probadores. Durante el ciclo O - I 1996/97 fueron evaluados en el Campo Experimental Cotaxtla mestizos de líneas sobresalientes y provenientes de varias fuentes de germoplasma como son : a Líneas recicladas de H-513 X VS-536, b Líneas derivadas de un compuesto de amplia base genética, c Líneas élite de programa de maíz de Cotaxtla (LTs y d Líneas de CIMMYT (CMLs. Como probadores se usaron las líneas LT-154 y LT-155 progenitores del híbrido H-513 y las líneas CML247 y CML254 cuya cruza es un patrón heterótico definido por CIMMYT para el trópico. Hubo líneas con buen comportamiento per-se tanto en rendimiento como en características agronómicas y que se encuentran formando mestizos sobresalientes con uno o varios probadores. Con relación a la Aptitud combinatoria, se encontró que las líneas F31XF30-4-3-1, F41XF40-1-2-1, CABG3’-12-2-1-2-1-1, LT174 y CML15 registraron los máximos valores con el probador 2 (LT155; F4XF3-5-2-1 y CML15 con el probador 4 (CMl254. Así también, las líneas F4XF5-5-1-1, y CABG3’-12-2-1-2-1-1, LT174, CML13 y CML15 con buena ACG. Con relación a los probadores, se encontró que para el grupo de líneas Recicladas , los probadores 1(LT154 y 4 (CML254 registraron los coeficientes de regresión más altos, lo que indica que permiten identificar líneas sobresalientes. Para líneas CABG fué el probador 2 (LT155 el que registró el mejor valor y en líneas Élite , los probadores 2(LT155, y 3(CML247 identificaron mejor a las líneas sobresalientes. Para las líneas del CIMMYT el mejor valor fué para el probador 4(CML254

  16. Relaci??n entre la masa muscular, la densidad mineral ??sea, la fuerza muscular, la aptitud funcional y la calidad muscular en personas mayores

    OpenAIRE

    Pati??o Villada, Fredy Alonso

    2015-01-01

    294 p. La tesis pretende determinar la frecuencia de la sarcopenia y osteporosis , problemas que afectan a la salud de las personas mayores, y analizar la relaci??n entre la masa muscular, la densidad mineral ??sea (DMO), la fuerza muscular, la aptitud funcional y la calidad muscular (CM). La muestra estudiada fue la formada por un grupo de 83 hombres y 175 mujeres mayores de Le??n (Espa??a). El estudio transversal eval??a ??ndices de masa grasa y densidad mineral ??sea y niveles d...

  17. Verbal aptitude and the use of grammar information in Serbian language

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lalović Dejan

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available The research presented in this paper was an attempt to find differences in the use of grammatical information carried by the function words in Serbian. The aim was to determine the level of word processing at which grammatical information shows its differential effects in groups of subjects who themselves differ in verbal ability. For this purpose, the psycholinguistic tasks applied were grammatically primed reading aloud and grammatically primed grammatical classification with an appropriate control of extra-linguistic factors that may have affected aforementioned tasks. Verbal aptitude was assessed in a psychometric manner, and the subjects were divided into "high verbal" and "low verbal" groups. Taking into account statistical control of extra-linguistic factors, the results indicate that groups of high verbal and low verbal subjects cannot be differentiated based on reading aloud performance. The high verbal subjects, however, were more efficient in grammatical classification than low verbal subjects. The results also indicated that the presence of grammatical information embedded in function words-primes had a stronger effect on word processing in low verbal group. Such pattern of results testify to the advantage of high verbal subjects in lexical and post lexical processing, while no differences were established in the word recognition processes. The implications of these findings were considered in terms of test construction for the assessment of verbal ability in Serbian language. .

  18. Correlation of physical aptitude; functional capacity, corporal balance and quality of life (QoL) among elderly women submitted to a post-menopausal physical activities program.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Souza Santos, César Augusto; Dantas, Estélio Enrique Martin; Moreira, Maria Helena Rodrigues

    2011-01-01

    The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of physical activity from the "Menopause in Form" program on physical aptitude, functional capacity, corporal balance and QoL among elderly women. In addition, correlations among these variables were examined. The present work was a longitudinal study that was quasi-experimental and correlational. A total of 323 elderly women (age: 69.0±5.53 years) participated in this study. Subjects were non-institutionalized, post-menopausal individuals residing at the Elderly Care Center in Belém Municipality (Pará, Brazil) and practiced one activity (i.e., dancing or walking) over a 10-month period. The assessment protocols used were the following: the Fullerton functional fitness test battery (physical aptitude); the activities of daily living (ADL) indices (functional capacity); the Tinetti-scale (corporal balance); and the WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire (QoL). The adopted significance level was p<0.05. Results from the Wilcoxon test demonstrated significant differences for the post-test assessment of functional capacity (Δ%=5.63%; p=0.0001) and general QoL (Δ%=9.19%; p=0.001). These results suggest that the physical activities employed during the "Menopause in Form" program resulted in significant improvements in the functional capacity and QoL of post-menopausal elderly women. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Development of the Human Error Management Criteria and the Job Aptitude Evaluation Criteria for Rail Safety Personnel

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Koo, In Soo; Seo, Sang Mun; Park, Geun Ok (and others)

    2008-08-15

    It has been estimated that up to 90% of all workplace accidents have human error as a cause. Human error has been widely recognized as a key factor in almost all the highly publicized accidents, including Daegu subway fire of February 18, 2003 killed 198 people and injured 147. Because most human behavior is 'unintentional', carried out automatically, root causes of human error should be carefully investigated and regulated by a legal authority. The final goal of this study is to set up some regulatory guidance that are supposed to be used by the korean rail organizations related to safety managements and the contents are : - to develop the regulatory guidance for managing human error, - to develop the regulatory guidance for managing qualifications of rail drivers - to develop the regulatory guidance for evaluating the aptitude of the safety-related personnel.

  20. Development of the Human Error Management Criteria and the Job Aptitude Evaluation Criteria for Rail Safety Personnel

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koo, In Soo; Seo, Sang Mun; Park, Geun Ok

    2008-08-01

    It has been estimated that up to 90% of all workplace accidents have human error as a cause. Human error has been widely recognized as a key factor in almost all the highly publicized accidents, including Daegu subway fire of February 18, 2003 killed 198 people and injured 147. Because most human behavior is 'unintentional', carried out automatically, root causes of human error should be carefully investigated and regulated by a legal authority. The final goal of this study is to set up some regulatory guidance that are supposed to be used by the korean rail organizations related to safety managements and the contents are : - to develop the regulatory guidance for managing human error, - to develop the regulatory guidance for managing qualifications of rail drivers - to develop the regulatory guidance for evaluating the aptitude of the safety-related personnel

  1. Explaining academic-track boys' underachievement in language grades: Not a lack of aptitude but students' motivational beliefs and parents' perceptions?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heyder, Anke; Kessels, Ursula; Steinmayr, Ricarda

    2017-06-01

    Boys earn lower grades in languages than girls. The expectancy-value model by Eccles et al. (, A series of books in psychology. Achievement and achievement motives. Psychological and sociological approaches, W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, CA, 76) is a comprehensive theoretical model for explaining gender differences in educational outcomes. In the past, most studies have focused on girls' disadvantage in math and science and on the role of the students' motivational beliefs. We aimed to explain boys' lower language grades by applying the expectancy-value model while taking into account students' motivational beliefs as well as their aptitude, prior achievement, and socializers' beliefs. In addition, we aimed at exploring the incremental contribution of each potential mediator. Five hundred and twenty German students (age M = 17 years; 58% female) and 374 parents (age M = 47 years). Student-reported ability self-concept (ASC) and task values, parents' perceptions of students' ability, students' prior achievement as reported by schools, and students' verbal intelligence test scores were all tested as mediators of the effect of gender on grades in German while controlling for parents' socioeconomic status. Single-mediator models and a multiple-mediator model were estimated using structural equation modelling. All variables proved to be relevant for explaining boys' underachievement in language grades. Whereas students' ASC, task values, prior achievement, and parents' perceptions mediated the gender effect, verbal intelligence was identified as a suppressor variable increasing the gender effect. Our results challenge the stereotypic belief that boys' lower grades are due to lower verbal aptitude. Rather, students' motivational beliefs and parents' perceptions seem critical factors. Implications for both future research and practice are discussed. © 2017 The British Psychological Society.

  2. Ejercicio físico enfocado en trabajos de fuerza resistencia para mujeres mayores de 45 años en pro del mantenimiento de la aptitud física

    OpenAIRE

    Cotacio Ávila, Luisa Fernanda

    2016-01-01

    Esta obra corresponde a la presentación de (TFI) trabajo final integrador como respuesta a la necesidad de incorporar ejercicios de fuerza resistencia en la clases de gimnasia para las mujeres mayores de 45 años en pro de mejorar la aptitud física y así poder generar un retraso en el proceso normal de envejecimiento. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

  3. Individual Differences in Approach-Avoidance Aptitude: Some Clues from Research on Parkinson’s Disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alberto eCosta

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Approach and avoidance are two basic behavioral aptitudes of humans whose correct balance is critical for successful adaptation to the environment. As the expression of approach and avoidance tendencies may differ significantly between healthy individuals, different psychobiological factors have been posited to account for such variability. In this regard, two main issues are still open that refers to i the role played by dopamine neurotransmission and ii the possible influence of cognitive characteristics, particularly executive functioning. The aim of the present paper was to highlight the contribution of research on Parkinson’s disease (PD to our understanding of the above issues. In particular, we here reviewed PD literature to clarify whether neurobiological and neuropsychological modifications due to PD are associated to changes in approach-avoidance related personality features. Available data indicate that PD patients may show and approach-avoidance imbalance as documented by lower novelty-seeking and higher harm-avoidance behaviors, possibly suggesting a relationship with neurobiological and neurocognitive PD-related changes. However, the literature that directly investigated this issue is still sparse and much more work is needed to better clarify it.

  4. Horses for courses: a DNA-based test for race distance aptitude in thoroughbred racehorses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hill, Emmeline W; Ryan, Donal P; MacHugh, David E

    2012-12-01

    Variation at the myostatin (MSTN) gene locus has been shown to influence racing phenotypes in Thoroughbred horses, and in particular, early skeletal muscle development and the aptitude for racing at short distances. Specifically, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first intron of MSTN (g.66493737C/T) is highly predictive of best race distance among Flat racing Thoroughbreds: homozygous C/C horses are best suited to short distance races, heterozygous C/T horses are best suited to middle distance races, and homozygous T/T horses are best suited to longer distance races. Patent applications for this gene marker association, and other linked markers, have been filed. The information contained within the patent applications is exclusively licensed to the commercial biotechnology company Equinome Ltd, which provides a DNA-based test to the international Thoroughbred horse racing and breeding industry. The application of this information in the industry enables informed decision making in breeding and racing and can be used to assist selection to accelerate the rate of change of genetic types among distinct populations (Case Study 1) and within individual breeding operations (Case Study 2).

  5. Fostering research aptitude among high school students through space weather competition

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abdullah, M.; Majid, R. A.; Bais, B.; Bahri, N. S.; Asillam, M. F.

    2018-01-01

    Cultivating research culture at an early stage is important for capacity building in a community. The high school level is the appropriate stage for research to be introduced because of students' competitive nature. Participation in the space weather competition is one of the ways in which research aptitude can be fostered in high school students in Malaysia. Accordingly, this paper presents how research elements were introduced to the students at the high school level through their participation in the space weather competition. The competition required the students to build a system to detect the presence of solar flares by utilizing VLF signals reflected from the ionosphere. The space weather competition started off with proposal writing for the space weather related project where the students were required to execute extensive literature review on the given topic. Additionally, the students were also required to conduct the experiments and analyse the data. Results obtained from data analysis were then validated by the students through various other observations that they had to carry out. At the end of the competition, students were expected to write a comprehensive technical report. Through this competition, the students learnt how to conduct research in accordance to the guidelines provided through the step by step approach exposed to them. Ultimately, this project revealed that the students were able to conduct research on their own with minimal guidance and that participation in the competition not only generated enjoyment in learning but also their interest in science and research.

  6. Revisión bibliográfica exploratoria sobre los criterios de aptitud en conductores profesionales con enfermedad psiquiátrica Literature review on the fitness criteria of professional drivers with mental disorders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Álava Urrburu

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Criterios de aptitud en conductores con patología mental Introducción: La OMS estima que los accidentes de tráfico y las enfermedades mentales serán los principales problemas de salud en el primer tercio del S. XXI. El RD 818/2009 (Reglamento General de Conductores (BOE dispone que es indispensable para la obtención de los permisos y licencias de conducción reunir unos determinados requisitos de aptitud psicofísica. Las pruebas psicotécnicas homologadas en España son: ASDE Driver Test N-845, L.N.DETER 100 y Coordinator 2000. Objetivos: Conocer el efecto en la capacidad de conducción de las personas con patología mental y la normativa de aplicación en la valoración de la aptitud de los conductores profesionales. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos y bibliotecas y de una recopilación de 909 artículos, se seleccionaron para lectura a texto completo 17. Se clasificaron por grupos de enfermedades mentales según el modelo del RD 818/2009 del Reglamento General de Conductores, que las clasifica en 11 grupos de los que analizamos 8, por considerarlos de más relevancia. Resultados: El RD 818/2009, regula de manera estricta la aptitud o no en enfermos mentales. Aproximadamente el 80% de los pacientes con enfermedades mentales no pasa los test psico-técnicos, a no ser que sean patologías leves con poca sintomatología, y el paciente tenga un informe favorable del psiquiatra o psicólogo. Conclusiones: El Reglamento General de Conductores dispone que las limitaciones para conducir sean acreditadas por un especialista. No se encuentra suficiente evidencia sobre si los test psico-técnicos utilizados en las pruebas de aptitud psicofísicas son suficientemente sensibles y específicos para la detección de trastornos mentales. Existe el deber moral del paciente de informar al médico, si su patología pone en peligro la seguridad vial, pero no la obligación legal.Introduction: WHO estimates that traffic

  7. Valoración de la aptitud de los requerimientos profesionales. Capacidades requeridas para el trabajo o grupos profesionales: algunas aportaciones del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo (INSHT

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marta Zimmerman Verdejo

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Siendo la "aptitud para trabajar" como aquella capacidad psicofísica del individuo para realizar su trabajo sin riesgo para su propia salud o la de otros, el presente artículo resume algunas actividades desarrolladas por el INSHT, en el marco de sus competencias técnica, en colaboración con otras unidades del Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social.

  8. Aptitud física relacionada con salud en los estudiantes de primer semestre académico de un programa de fisioterapia, 2007

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Lucía Ariza-García

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar la aptitud física relacionada con salud (AFRS de las estudiantes de primer semestre de fisioterapia de una universidad privada de Santander. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en 20 estudiantes (17,8 ± 1,33 años de sexo femenino de primer semestre, seleccionadas por conveniencia. Se recolectaron las variables edad, sexo, composición corporal, la flexibilidad de la musculatura posterior, la capacidad aeróbica y la resistencia muscular de miembros superiores y abdominales. Se calcularon medidas de tendencia central, de dispersión, frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: En promedio el peso fue de 52,8 ± 9,5 kg, la estatura de 1,58 ± 0,05 m, el IMC de 20,9 ± 3,5 kg/m2. La circunferencia de cintura y de cadera fue de 69,3 ± 9,2 cms y 91,3 ± 7,3 cm, respectivamente. El promedio del cuarto cuartil de las mediciones perímetro de cintura, perímetro de cadera, relación cintura-cadera, frecuencia cardiaca después de 30 s y distancia en la prueba de flexibilidad fueron estadísticamente mayores comparado con los demás cuartiles. El 50% de los pacientes realizó entre 0 y 3 repeticiones de la prueba Push-Up y entre 0 y 21 repeticiones en la prueba Cu rl-Up. El 65% fue físicamente apta hasta en cuatro pruebas y el 35% en 5 y 6 pruebas. Ninguna fue apta en todas las pruebas. Conclusiones: Dado que ninguna de las estudiantes posee una aptitud física relacionada con salud óptima, se sugiere que en los programas de fisioterapia se fomente una AFRS adecuada junto con estilos de vida saldables para prevenir enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles.

  9. Genome-wide copy number variation analysis in extended families and unrelated individuals characterized for musical aptitude and creativity in music.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ukkola-Vuoti, Liisa; Kanduri, Chakravarthi; Oikkonen, Jaana; Buck, Gemma; Blancher, Christine; Raijas, Pirre; Karma, Kai; Lähdesmäki, Harri; Järvelä, Irma

    2013-01-01

    Music perception and practice represent complex cognitive functions of the human brain. Recently, evidence for the molecular genetic background of music related phenotypes has been obtained. In order to further elucidate the molecular background of musical phenotypes we analyzed genome wide copy number variations (CNVs) in five extended pedigrees and in 172 unrelated subjects characterized for musical aptitude and creative functions in music. Musical aptitude was defined by combination of the scores of three music tests (COMB scores): auditory structuring ability, Seashores test for pitch and for time. Data on creativity in music (herein composing, improvising and/or arranging music) was surveyed using a web-based questionnaire.Several CNVRs containing genes that affect neurodevelopment, learning and memory were detected. A deletion at 5q31.1 covering the protocadherin-α gene cluster (Pcdha 1-9) was found co-segregating with low music test scores (COMB) in both sample sets. Pcdha is involved in neural migration, differentiation and synaptogenesis. Creativity in music was found to co-segregate with a duplication covering glucose mutarotase gene (GALM) at 2p22. GALM has influence on serotonin release and membrane trafficking of the human serotonin transporter. Interestingly, genes related to serotonergic systems have been shown to associate not only with psychiatric disorders but also with creativity and music perception. Both, Pcdha and GALM, are related to the serotonergic systems influencing cognitive and motor functions, important for music perception and practice. Finally, a 1.3 Mb duplication was identified in a subject with low COMB scores in the region previously linked with absolute pitch (AP) at 8q24. No differences in the CNV burden was detected among the high/low music test scores or creative/non-creative groups. In summary, CNVs and genes found in this study are related to cognitive functions. Our result suggests new candidate genes for music perception

  10. Genome-wide copy number variation analysis in extended families and unrelated individuals characterized for musical aptitude and creativity in music.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liisa Ukkola-Vuoti

    Full Text Available Music perception and practice represent complex cognitive functions of the human brain. Recently, evidence for the molecular genetic background of music related phenotypes has been obtained. In order to further elucidate the molecular background of musical phenotypes we analyzed genome wide copy number variations (CNVs in five extended pedigrees and in 172 unrelated subjects characterized for musical aptitude and creative functions in music. Musical aptitude was defined by combination of the scores of three music tests (COMB scores: auditory structuring ability, Seashores test for pitch and for time. Data on creativity in music (herein composing, improvising and/or arranging music was surveyed using a web-based questionnaire.Several CNVRs containing genes that affect neurodevelopment, learning and memory were detected. A deletion at 5q31.1 covering the protocadherin-α gene cluster (Pcdha 1-9 was found co-segregating with low music test scores (COMB in both sample sets. Pcdha is involved in neural migration, differentiation and synaptogenesis. Creativity in music was found to co-segregate with a duplication covering glucose mutarotase gene (GALM at 2p22. GALM has influence on serotonin release and membrane trafficking of the human serotonin transporter. Interestingly, genes related to serotonergic systems have been shown to associate not only with psychiatric disorders but also with creativity and music perception. Both, Pcdha and GALM, are related to the serotonergic systems influencing cognitive and motor functions, important for music perception and practice. Finally, a 1.3 Mb duplication was identified in a subject with low COMB scores in the region previously linked with absolute pitch (AP at 8q24. No differences in the CNV burden was detected among the high/low music test scores or creative/non-creative groups. In summary, CNVs and genes found in this study are related to cognitive functions. Our result suggests new candidate genes for

  11. Genome-Wide Copy Number Variation Analysis in Extended Families and Unrelated Individuals Characterized for Musical Aptitude and Creativity in Music

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oikkonen, Jaana; Buck, Gemma; Blancher, Christine; Raijas, Pirre; Karma, Kai; Lähdesmäki, Harri; Järvelä, Irma

    2013-01-01

    Music perception and practice represent complex cognitive functions of the human brain. Recently, evidence for the molecular genetic background of music related phenotypes has been obtained. In order to further elucidate the molecular background of musical phenotypes we analyzed genome wide copy number variations (CNVs) in five extended pedigrees and in 172 unrelated subjects characterized for musical aptitude and creative functions in music. Musical aptitude was defined by combination of the scores of three music tests (COMB scores): auditory structuring ability, Seashores test for pitch and for time. Data on creativity in music (herein composing, improvising and/or arranging music) was surveyed using a web-based questionnaire. Several CNVRs containing genes that affect neurodevelopment, learning and memory were detected. A deletion at 5q31.1 covering the protocadherin-α gene cluster (Pcdha 1-9) was found co-segregating with low music test scores (COMB) in both sample sets. Pcdha is involved in neural migration, differentiation and synaptogenesis. Creativity in music was found to co-segregate with a duplication covering glucose mutarotase gene (GALM) at 2p22. GALM has influence on serotonin release and membrane trafficking of the human serotonin transporter. Interestingly, genes related to serotonergic systems have been shown to associate not only with psychiatric disorders but also with creativity and music perception. Both, Pcdha and GALM, are related to the serotonergic systems influencing cognitive and motor functions, important for music perception and practice. Finally, a 1.3 Mb duplication was identified in a subject with low COMB scores in the region previously linked with absolute pitch (AP) at 8q24. No differences in the CNV burden was detected among the high/low music test scores or creative/non-creative groups. In summary, CNVs and genes found in this study are related to cognitive functions. Our result suggests new candidate genes for music

  12. Interest in mathematics and science among students having high mathematics aptitude

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ely, Jane Alice

    The study investigates why men and women differ in their interest in mathematics and science and in the pursuit of careers in mathematics and science. The most persistent gender differential in educational standard testing is the scores in mathematics achievement. The mean Scholastic Aptitude Test (Mathematics) scores for women are consistently below that of men by about 40 points. One result of this gender differential in mathematics is that few women entertain a career requiring a robust knowledge of higher mathematics (i.e. engineering, computing, or the physical sciences). A large body of literature has been written attempting to explain why this is happening. Biological, cultural, structural and psychological explanations have been suggested and empirically examined. Controlling for mathematical ability is one method of sorting out these explanations. Eliminating mathematical ability as a factor, this dissertation reports the results of a study of men and women college students who all had high mathematics ability. Thus, any differences we found among them would have to be a result of other variables. Using a Mathematics Placement Exam and the SAT-M, forty-two students (12 males and 30 females) with high scores in both were interviewed. Student were asked about their experiences in high school and college mathematics, their career choices, and their attitudes toward mathematics. The findings, that there were no gender differences in the course selection, attitudes towards mathematics, and career choice, differed from my initial expectations. This negative finding suggests that women with high ability in mathematics are just as likely as men to pursue interests in mathematics and related courses in college and in selecting careers.

  13. Measuring students' self-regulated learning in professional education: bridging the gap between event and aptitude measurements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Endedijk, Maaike D; Brekelmans, Mieke; Sleegers, Peter; Vermunt, Jan D

    Self-regulated learning has benefits for students' academic performance in school, but also for expertise development during their professional career. This study examined the validity of an instrument to measure student teachers' regulation of their learning to teach across multiple and different kinds of learning events in the context of a postgraduate professional teacher education programme. Based on an analysis of the literature, we developed a log with structured questions that could be used as a multiple-event instrument to determine the quality of student teachers' regulation of learning by combining data from multiple learning experiences. The findings showed that this structured version of the instrument measured student teachers' regulation of their learning in a valid and reliable way. Furthermore, with the aid of the Structured Learning Report individual differences in student teachers' regulation of learning could be discerned. Together the findings indicate that a multiple-event instrument can be used to measure regulation of learning in multiple contexts for various learning experiences at the same time, without the necessity of relying on students' ability to rate themselves across all these different experiences. In this way, this instrument can make an important contribution to bridging the gap between two dominant approaches to measure SRL, the traditional aptitude and event measurement approach.

  14. Technological Aptitude and Applications of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Bioactive Strains Isolated from Algerian Raw Camel Milk

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zineb Benmechernene

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Two strains (B7 and Z8 of the Leuconostoc mesenteroides subspecies mesenteroides that were isolated from Algerian camel milk from an initial pool of 13 strains and demonstrated a high ability to inhibit the growth of Listeria spp. were selected and characterised at the phenotypic and genotypic levels. Probiotic profiling and inhibition spectra against food borne pathogens in mixed cultures were also investigated. The bacteriocin produced by L. mesenteroides strain B7 was identified as leucocin B by specific PCR. In vitro studies demonstrated that both Leuconostoc mesenteroides strains exhibited a marked probiotic profile, showing high survival at low pH (2-3 and 4 in the presence of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% of bile salts and at pH 3 in the presence of 3 mg/mL pepsin. Susceptibility testing against antimicrobial agents was also performed for both strains. When tested in a mixed culture with Listeria innocua, Listeria ivanovii, or Staphylococcus aureus, strain B7 reduced the numbers of these species by 1.87, 1.78, and 1.38 log units, respectively. Consequently, these two strains were found to possess good probiotic properties in vitro and a high capacity for Listeria spp. inhibition in mixed cultures. Therefore, these strains have a favourable technological aptitude and a potential application as novel probiotic starters.

  15. Análisis de la variabilidad y relaciones filogenéticas de las razas equinas autóctonas españolas de aptitud cárnica a partir del ADN mitocondrial

    OpenAIRE

    Gómez Ortiz, María Dolores; Romero, F.; Valera Córdoba, María Mercedes; Jordana, J.; Alonso, M.E.; Azor Ortiz, Pedro Javier

    2008-01-01

    Publicado en el año 2008 en: Revista ITEA, 104 (2), 283-289. http://www.aida-itea.org/index.php/revista/contenidos?idArt=85&lang=esp Webs desde donde descargar las ponencias: http://acteon.webs.upv.es/ Web del congreso: http://www.uco.es/genetica/MERAGEM/xivreunion.htm Se han estudiado la variabilidad y relaciones genéticas de las cuatro poblaciones equinas de aptitud cárnica de España de protección especial (41 muestras) (Burguete (BUR): 10, Jaca Navarra (JAC): 11, Hispano ...

  16. LA PRUEBA DE APTITUD ACADÉMICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA PARA APLICANTES CON NECESIDADES ESPECIALES: NUEVOS DESARROLLOS (THE ACADEMIC APTITUDE TEST UNIVERSITY OF COSTA RICA FOR APPLICANTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS: NEW DEVELOPMENTS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mainieri Hidalgo Aida María

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Resumen:Este artículo científico se desarrolla en el marco de la Investigación “Reconstrucción teórica e histórica de los fundamentos de la Prueba de Aptitud Académica (PAA de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR”, desarrollada por el Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIP. Se enfoca en aspectos teóricos, metodológicos, técnicos y prácticos que han sustentado su diseño, aplicación, utilización y evaluación, desde sus inicios a la actualidad. Se refiere, específicamente, el accionar de la UCR en torno a la adecuación de la PAA, en atención a Solicitantes con Necesidades Especiales. Se realizó un análisis bibliográfico y documental, recurriendo luego a entrevistas abiertas a personas constructoras, diseñadoras y expertas, esto sobre principios teórico metodológicos básicamente interpretativos y hermenéuticos. La trayectoria seguida se basa en diferentes normativas que se han dado a nivel mundial, regional, nacional e institucional; asimismo, en atención a las demandas de condiciones de accesibilidad y equiparación de oportunidades que se fundamentan en el principio de equidad; este junto al de excelencia académica, rigen la Prueba desde sus inicios. Se definen cuatro momentos clave en el proceso que incorpora la atención de Necesidades Especiales y la implementación de adecuaciones de acceso en la PAA: Inicios de la integración de la Población con Discapacidad, 1970-80; Primeros esfuerzos por brindar atención a ENEE, 1980-90; Reestructuración en una Universidad accesible a ENEE, 1990-2000; y Accesibilidad en la PAA e Integración del Sistema Unificado de Admisión a la Educación Superior Pública, del 2000 a la fecha. Al mismo tiempo, se asevera la inclusión progresiva de ENEE y sus alcances, con el aporte de datos significativos.Abstract: This scientific paper is developed in the framework of the Research "Reconstruction of historical and theoretical foundations of the Scholastic Aptitude Test of the

  17. Transtorno depressivo maior: avaliação da aptidão motora e da atenção Major depressive disorder: motor aptitude and attention evaluation

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    Naiana Machado

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a aptidão motora geral e específica e a atenção em pacientes com transtorno depressivo maior (TDM. MÉTODOS: Dezesseis mulheres hospitalizadas responderam a uma Entrevista Sociodemográfica e Clínica e foram avaliadas através do Teste de Trilhas e Escala Motora para Terceira Idade (EMTI. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi 38,63 anos e a do primeiro diagnóstico 32,81 anos; com renda familiar baixa. Na avaliação da aptidão motora geral, 56,25% das pacientes deste estudo foram classificadas como "abaixo da média", 37,5% como "normal médio" e 6,25%, "normal alto". As variáveis "motricidade global" e "organização temporal" obtiveram classificação "inferior". A amostra apresentou maior tempo de execução nos testes de atenção em relação aos valores de referência e um pior desempenho com o aumento da idade. E quanto maior o tempo para a realização do Teste de Trilhas, pior foi o desempenho na EMTI. CONCLUSÕES: Na maioria das pacientes, a aptidão motora geral, motricidade global e organização temporal encontram-se abaixo da média. Verificou-se a existência de disfunções e influência da idade no nível da atenção, e ainda a existência de relação entre os déficits atencional e motor. Quanto mais baixo o nível de atenção, pior é a aptidão motora.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the general and specific motor aptitude and attention in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD. METHODS: Sixteen women admitted in a psychiatric hospital answered to a clinic and socio-demographic interview. For the evaluation it was used the Motor Scale for the Elderly (Escala Motora para Terceira Idade - EMTI and the Trail Making Test (TMT. RESULTS: The average age of women was 38,63 years old, and the first diagnostic was made on average of 32,81 years old; they also have a low family income. At the general motor aptitude, 56,25% of the patients were classified as "below average", 37,5% as "normal medium" and 6,25% as

  18. Diseño de un nuevo test para evaluar las aptitudes cognitivas en el deporte. Estudio de fiabilidad y validez

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernat Busc\\u00E0

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la fiabilidad y la validez de un test de nueva creación para evaluar las aptitudes cognitivas deportivas desde una perspectiva psicométrica. Para plasmar las situaciones deportivas de forma inteligible minimizando la influencia del razonamiento verbal de ítems escritos, se dibujaron 64 situaciones deportivas que se corresponden con problemas reales que se encuentran en el deporte y que representan habilidades básicas, técnicas y tácticas. Los ítems se presentaron en una aplicación informática de fácil manejo para personas no familiarizadas. Para cada situación, se presentaron 5 opciones de respuesta. La opinión de expertos, el valor a de Cronbach (a=.77, una correlación test-retest (r = .72; p < .01, una correlación de Pearson entre el resultado en el test y el criterio externo del profesor de educación física (r = .40; p < .01, la comparación de medias entre subgrupos de la muestra y el análisis factorial, establecieron pruebas razonables para evaluar la fiabilidad y validez del test.

  19. Deseos, aptitudes y conocimientos sobre lactancia materna de gestantes en su tercer trimestre

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Remigio Rafael Gorrita Pérez

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: la lactancia materna es la única forma natural de alimentar al bebé, y una forma inigualable de facilitar el alimento ideal para su crecimiento y desarrollo. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, para evaluar deseos, aptitudes y conocimientos sobre lactancia materna en el tercer trimestre de 114 gestantes del Policlínico "Mártires del 9 de Abril", de San José de las Lajas. Entre marzo de 2010 y de 2011 se valoraron sus historias de salud individual y familiar, y se aplicó a tal efecto un cuestionario con 22 preguntas. Resultados: la información se incorporó a una base de datos y se utilizó para el análisis el estadígrafo chi cuadrado, que se consideró significativo con p< 0,05. La totalidad de las gestantes deseaban amamantar. Dos terceras partes se consideraron aptas o muy aptas para hacerlo, y que poseían los conocimientos necesarios para lograrlo, pero solo algo más de la quinta parte demostró que los poseía. La mayoría de las futuras madres se encontraban entre los 20 y 35 años, el nivel de escolaridad más frecuentemente alcanzado fue el técnico o preuniversitario (en 60 de ellas, para el 52,6 %, y el 46,5 % de las gestantes mantenían una unión consensuada, el 40,3 % eran casadas, y 15 solteras (13,2 %, aspectos que, indiscutiblemente influyen en los resultados. Conclusiones: además de otros resultados alcanzados, la investigación arrojó que aunque la totalidad de las gestantes en su tercer trimestre deseaban lactar a su futuro bebé y las dos terceras partes se consideraban aptas o muy aptas para hacerlo y con conocimientos suficientes al respecto, solo algo más de la quinta parte demostró efectivamente poseerlos.

  20. Aptitude-treatment interactions revisited: effect of metacognitive intervention on subtypes of written expression in elementary school students.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hooper, Stephen R; Wakely, Melissa B; de Kruif, Renee E L; Swartz, Carl W

    2006-01-01

    We examined the effectiveness of a metacognitive intervention for written language performance, based on the Hayes model of written expression, for 73 fourth-grade (n = 38) and fifth-grade (n = 35) students. The intervention consisted of twenty 45-min writing lessons designed to improve their awareness of writing as a problem-solving process. Each of the lessons addressed some aspect of planning, translating, and reflecting on written products; their self-regulation of these processes; and actual writing practice. All instruction was conducted in intact classrooms. Prior to the intervention, all students received a battery of neurocognitive tests measuring executive functions, attention, and language. In addition, preintervention writing samples were obtained and analyzed holistically and for errors in syntax, semantics, and spelling. Following the intervention, the writing tasks were readministered and cluster analysis of the neurocognitive data was conducted. Cluster analytic procedures yielded 7 reliable clusters: 4 normal variants, 1 Problem Solving weakness, 1 Problem Solving Language weaknesses, and 1 Problem Solving strength. The response to the single treatment by these various subtypes revealed positive but modest findings. Significant group differences were noted for improvement in syntax errors and spelling, with only spelling showing differential improvement for the Problem Solving Language subtype. In addition, there was a marginally significant group effect for holistic ratings. These findings provide initial evidence that Writing Aptitude (subtype) x Single Treatment interactions exist in writing, but further research is needed with other classification schemes and interventions.

  1. Ampliando o campo de intervenção da educação física escolar a partir da análise da escada da aptidão para toda a vida Broadening the scope for intervention of school physical education from the analysis of the ladder of physical aptitude for life Ampliando el campo de intervención de la educación física escolar a partir del análisis de la escala de la aptitud para toda la vida

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo objetiva analisar o modelo da Escada da Aptidão para Toda a Vida (EATV à luz do ideário da Promoção da Saúde (PS e da Cultura Corporal do Movimento (CCM, no sentido de ampliar a proposta de Educação Física Escolar (EFE. Primeiramente, constatamos que a EATV enfatiza a aquisição de saúde via aptidão física; ignora aspectos sócio-políticos e econômicos da saúde; não supera a relação causal entre exercício e saúde; e fragmenta os seus conteúdos. Num segundo momento, sugerimos um redirecionamento da EATV através da exposição de uma Proposta Temática para a EFE, que pressupõe a transmissão de outros conteúdos, visando à formação de um aluno crítico no que concerne ao consumo da CCM. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: educação física escolar – promoção da saúde – cultura corporal do movimento. This article aims at analyzing the model for the Ladder of Physical Aptitude for Life (EATV in the light of the ideals of Health Promotion (PS and the Body Culture of Movement (CCM, in the sense of broadening the scope for School Physical Education (EFE. Firstly we verified that EATV emphasizes the acquisition of health via physical aptitude: it ignores the social-political and economic aspects of health; it does not surpass the causal relation between exercise and health; and it fragments its contents. Secondly, we suggest a redirecting of EATV through the presentation of a theme proposal for the EFE which implies the transmission of other contents, aiming at creating critical thinking students on the issue of CCM consumption. KEY WORDS: school physical education – health promotion – body culture of movement. Este artículo objetiva analizar el modelo de la Escala de la Aptitud para Toda la Vida (EATV a la luz del ideal de la Promoción de la Salud (PS y de la Cultura Corporal del Movimiento (CCM, en el sentido de ampliar la propuesta de Educación Física Escolar (EFE. Primero, constatamos que la EATV enfatiza la

  2. Optimal learning in a virtual patient simulation of cranial nerve palsies: the interaction between social learning context and student aptitude.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Johnson, Teresa R; Lyons, Rebecca; Chuah, Joon Hao; Kopper, Regis; Lok, Benjamin C; Cendan, Juan C

    2013-01-01

    Simulation in medical education provides students with opportunities to practice interviews, examinations, and diagnosis formulation related to complex conditions without risks to patients. To examine differences between individual and team participation on learning outcomes and student perspectives through use of virtual patients (VPs) for teaching cranial nerve (CN) evaluation. Fifty-seven medical students were randomly assigned to complete simulation exercises either as individuals or as members of three-person teams. Students interviewed, examined, and diagnosed VPs with possible CN damage in the neurological exam rehearsal virtual environment (NERVE). Knowledge of CN abnormalities was assessed pre- and post-simulation. Student perspectives of system usability were evaluated post-simulation. An aptitude-treatment interaction (ATI) effect was detected; at pre-test scores ≤ 50%, students in teams scored higher (83%) at post-test than did students as individuals (62%, p = 0.02). Post-simulation, students in teams reported greater confidence in their ability to diagnose CN abnormalities than did students as individuals (p = 0.02; mean rating = 4.0/5.0 and 3.4/5.0, respectively). The ATI effect allows us to begin defining best practices for the integration of VP simulators into the medical curriculum. We are persuaded to implement future NERVE exercises with small teams of medical students.

  3. Optimal learning in a virtual patient simulation of cranial nerve palsies: The interaction between social learning context and student aptitude

    Science.gov (United States)

    JOHNSON, TERESA R.; LYONS, REBECCA; CHUAH, JOON HAO; KOPPER, REGIS; LOK, BENJAMIN C.; CENDAN, JUAN C.

    2013-01-01

    Background Simulation in medical education provides students with opportunities to practice interviews, examinations, and diagnosis formulation related to complex conditions without risks to patients. Aim To examine differences between individual and team participation on learning outcomes and student perspectives through use of virtual patients (VPs) for teaching cranial nerve (CN) evaluation. Methods Fifty-seven medical students were randomly assigned to complete simulation exercises either as individuals or as members of three-person teams. Students interviewed, examined, and diagnosed VPs with possible CN damage in the Neurological Exam Rehearsal Virtual Environment (NERVE). Knowledge of CN abnormalities was assessed pre- and post-simulation. Student perspectives of system usability were evaluated post-simulation. Results An aptitude-treatment interaction (ATI) effect was detected; at pre-test scores ≤50%, students in teams scored higher (83%) at post-test than did students as individuals (62%, p = 0.02). Post-simulation, students in teams reported greater confidence in their ability to diagnose CN abnormalities than did students as individuals (p = 0.02; mean rating = 4.0/5.0 and 3.4/5.0, respectively). Conclusion The ATI effect allows us to begin defining best practices for the integration of VP simulators into the medical curriculum. We are persuaded to implement future NERVE exercises with small teams of medical students. PMID:22938679

  4. EFECTO DE LA APLICACIÓN DE UNA MULTIMEDIA EN LA ADQUISICIÓN DE DESTREZAS PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE COMPONENTES DE LA APTITUD FÍSICA RELACIONADOS A LA SALUD, EN ESTUDIANTES DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL

    OpenAIRE

    Juan Carlos Gutiérrez Vargas; Gerardo Alonso Vargas Araya; Irina Anchía Umaña

    2012-01-01

    El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la aplicación de una multimedia en la adquisición de destrezas necesarias en la evaluación de componentes de la aptitud física relacionados a la salud. Metodología: sujetos: estudiantes universitarios de educación física (n=29), matriculados en el curso de Evaluación de Cualidades Físicas. Instrumentos: multimedia de batería de pruebas de evaluación física relacionadas a la salud (pliegues subcutáneos, capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, flex...

  5. Cambios en conocimientos, actitudes y aptitudes sobre bioseguridad en estudiantes de los últimos años de Medicina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joanna Cortijo

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el conocimiento, aptitud y actitud sobre enfermedades transmisibles por sangre y las precauciones universales de bioseguridad en estudiantes de medicina de los últimos años de estudios. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta a estudiantes de medicina del quinto año, (Grupo A, en diciembre del 2005 y luego a estudiantes de medicina del último año (grupo B, de enero a agosto del 2006. Resultados: Se realizaron 214 encuestas: 110 pertenecían al grupo A y 104 pertenecían al grupo B. El grupo A tuvo una edad promedio de 23 años (22,24 y el grupo B de 24 años (23,25. El 54,13% del grupo A fueron varones y del grupo B fueron 56,73%. El 61,73% de grupo B obtuvo calificación aprobatoria en la encuesta en comparación con 38,27% del grupo A (p=0,003. El grupo B tuvo 70% más probabilidad de tener buena información en comparación con el grupo A. Asimismo el grupo B tuvo 5,32 veces más accidentes que el grupo A. Conclusiones: Se encontró que tener mayor experiencia en la práctica clínica predice mayor conocimiento de bioseguridad. Se observó menor aplicación de medidas de bioseguridad en el uso de material de protección en los estudiantes con mayor experiencia. (Rev Med Hered 2010;21:34-38

  6. Isometric Thumb Exertion Induces B Cell and T Cell Lymphocytosis in Trained and Untrained Males: Physical Aptitude Determines Response Profiles

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    Adam Michael Szlezak

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose: The present study examined the effect of low-dose thumb exertion on lymphocyte subpopulation trafficking. The potential role of blood lactate in mediating lymphocyte redistribution was also investigated. Methods: 27 male participants (18 weightlifting-trained; 9 untrained were separated into 3 groups of 9 (Weightlifting and Untrained Experimental: WLEXP, UTEXP; Weightlifting Placebo: WLPLA. WLEXP and UTEXP performed 4x60 second isometric thumb intervals separated by 60 second rest intervals in a single-blinded placebo-controlled study.  Participants were assessed over a 60 minute post-intervention recovery period for pain, blood lactate and lymphocyte subpopulation counts. Results: WLPLA did not change for any measured variable (p>0.05. The two experimentalgroups increased significantly (p0.05. No differences in cell count were seen for CD56+/CD16+ lymphocytes across time for any group (p>0.05. UTEXP showed an early significant increase (20 min post-intervention in CD4+CD3+ (20.78%, p0.05. Conversely, WLEXP group showed no early increase followed by a delayed increase in cell count evident at the final time-point; CD4+CD3+ (19.06%, p<0.01, CD8+CD3+ (11.46%, p=0.033 and CD19+ (28.87%, p<0.01. Blood lactate was not correlated with lymphocyte counts. Conclusions: Physical aptitude and not cellular energy demand influences the lymphocyte response to resistance-exercise. Keywords: B-Lymphocytes; Exercise; Lactic Acid; Lymphocytosis; Resistance Training; T-Lymphocytes

  7. Estatus ponderal y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria en escolares de la región central del Perú

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alcibíades Bustamante

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Determinar la frecuencia del sobrepeso y obesidad, en función a los niveles de aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (AptCR en escolares de cuatro distritos de la región central del Perú, y analizar la asociación entre estas variables. Materiales y métodos. El peso, altura y la AptCR fueron evaluados en 7841 escolares que residen en cuatro distritos ubicados en la costa, sierra y selva de la región central del Perú. El sobrepeso y la obesidad fueron clasificados según los criterios propuestos por Cole. La AptCR fue evaluada mediante la prueba de correr/caminar de doce minutos de la batería de la American Alliance for Health, Recreation and Dance. Se utilizó el ANOVA y la regresión logística para examinar las diferencias de las medias y asociaciones entre estas variables. Resultados. Escolares de ambos sexos presentan frecuencias semejantes de sobrepeso y obesidad (20,9% en mujeres y 20,1% en varones. Residentes en la costa (Barranco manifiestan elevadas frecuencias de sobrepeso y obesidad (37,8%. La edad, el sexo, área geográfica y la AptCR fueron predictores significativos para el sobrepeso y la obesidad. Escolares que viven en Barranco tienen cinco veces más probabilidades de ser obesos (OR=4,67; IC95%: 3,55-6,14; los que residen en la sierra (Junín tienen una menor probabilidad de ser obesos (OR=0,03; IC95%: 0,01-0,20; y quienes muestran una baja AptCR tienen una mayor probabilidad de ser obesos (OR=11 ,82; IC95%: 7,25-19,27, en comparación con aquellos con alta AptCR. Conclusiones. Los escolares que residen en Barranco presentan frecuencias de sobrepeso y obesidad elevados. Una baja AptCR está asociada al desarrollo del sobrepeso y la obesidad

  8. What Are You Good For?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Griffith, Asheley

    1978-01-01

    Since aptitude tests indicate an individual's abilities, they are useful in career planning and in self evaluation. Aptitudes that show no sex differences, and those at which both women and men excel are listed. The Human Engineering Laboratory, which studies human aptitudes, is described. (GDC)

  9. ¿QUIÉNES SON LOS ALUMNOS CON APTITUD SOBRESALIENTE? ANÁLISIS DE DIVERSAS VARIABLES PARA SU IDENTIFICACIÓN

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    Blanca Ivet Chávez Soto

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las aptitudes sobresalientes en alumnos de tercero a quinto grado de primaria con relación a la edad, sexo y variables asociadas. Se trabajó en tres escuelas públicas del Distrito Federal, México. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico, intencional, participaron 670 niños (M edad = 9.18, DE = .997, 356 mujeres y 314 hombres. También, colaboraron 24 docentes, 21 mujeres y 3 hombres (Medad = 43 años. Se aplicaron el Test de Matrices Progresivas Raven, Prueba de Pensamiento Creativo de Torrance, Escala de Compromiso con la Tarea, Prueba de Autoconcepto Académico y Lista de Nominación. Se identificaron 34 niños con perfil sobresaliente, quienes obtuvieron puntuaciones por encima del percentil 75 en por lo menos tres de las cinco pruebas, los cuales se distribuyeron en tres grupos de acuerdo con la cantidad de variables con estimaciones superiores. La U de Mann Whitney mostró que no había diferencia entre las variables con respecto al sexo, se observó que los niños de mayor edad eran más creativos. La prueba Kruskal-Wallis reportó diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos en la creatividad, compromiso con la tarea, autoconcepto académico y en la nominación del maestro. La correlación de Spearman mostró asociaciones positivas y significativas, entre la edad y la creatividad; y el compromiso con la tarea con el autoconcepto académico. Se concluye que los alumnos sobresalientes forman parte de un grupo heterogéneo, por lo que es necesario considerar diferentes variables para evaluarlos y determinar sus necesidades educativas.

  10. The UKCAT-12 study: educational attainment, aptitude test performance, demographic and socio-economic contextual factors as predictors of first year outcome in a cross-sectional collaborative study of 12 UK medical schools.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McManus, I C; Dewberry, Chris; Nicholson, Sandra; Dowell, Jonathan S

    2013-11-14

    Most UK medical schools use aptitude tests during student selection, but large-scale studies of predictive validity are rare. This study assesses the United Kingdom Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT), and its four sub-scales, along with measures of educational attainment, individual and contextual socio-economic background factors, as predictors of performance in the first year of medical school training. A prospective study of 4,811 students in 12 UK medical schools taking the UKCAT from 2006 to 2008 as a part of the medical school application, for whom first year medical school examination results were available in 2008 to 2010. UKCAT scores and educational attainment measures (General Certificate of Education (GCE): A-levels, and so on; or Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA): Scottish Highers, and so on) were significant predictors of outcome. UKCAT predicted outcome better in female students than male students, and better in mature than non-mature students. Incremental validity of UKCAT taking educational attainment into account was significant, but small. Medical school performance was also affected by sex (male students performing less well), ethnicity (non-White students performing less well), and a contextual measure of secondary schooling, students from secondary schools with greater average attainment at A-level (irrespective of public or private sector) performing less well. Multilevel modeling showed no differences between medical schools in predictive ability of the various measures. UKCAT sub-scales predicted similarly, except that Verbal Reasoning correlated positively with performance on Theory examinations, but negatively with Skills assessments. This collaborative study in 12 medical schools shows the power of large-scale studies of medical education for answering previously unanswerable but important questions about medical student selection, education and training. UKCAT has predictive validity as a predictor of medical school outcome

  11. Aptidão física, idade e estado nutricional em militares Aptitud física, edad y estado nutricional en militares Physical fitness, age and nutritional status of military personnel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clarissa Stefani Teixeira

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Embora exista uma tendência de diminuição dos níveis de aptidão física, a intensidade desse decréscimo em razão da idade e do estado nutricional em homens adultos não é bem conhecida, especialmente na população brasileira. OBJETIVO: Analisar os níveis de aptidão física de acordo com a idade e o estado nutricional em homens adultos. MÉTODOS: Foram aplicados testes de resistência aeróbica e muscular e flexibilidade e avaliação do estado nutricional em 1.011 homens. Foram realizadas análises de correlação, covariância e razões de prevalências por meio de regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Os indivíduos apresentaram desempenho regular nos testes de aptidão física. Uma diminuição dos índices de desempenho físico de acordo com o avanço da idade foi verificada considerando todas as faixas etárias investigadas. A análise de covariância corrigida pela idade mostrou diferenças (pFUNDAMENTO: Aunque existe una tendencia de disminución de los niveles de aptitud física, la intensidad de este descenso en razón de la edad y del estado nutricional en varones adultos no se conoce bien, especialmente en la población brasileña. OBJETIVO: Analizar los niveles de aptitud física de acuerdo a la edad y el estado nutricional en varones adultos. MÉTODOS: Se aplicaron pruebas de resistencia aeróbica y muscular y flexibilidad y evaluación del estado nutricional en 1.011 varones. Se llevaron a cabo análisis de correlación, covarianza y razones de prevalencias por medio de regresión de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Los individuos presentaron desempeño regular en las pruebas de aptitud física. Una disminución de los índices de desempeño físico según el avance de la edad se verificó, teniendo en cuenta todos los grupos de edad investigados. Los análisis de covarianza corregidos por la edad evidenció diferencias (p BACKGROUND: Although there is a trend toward the decrease in levels of physical fitness, the intensity

  12. Efecto de la dieta de cerdos en crecimiento sobre el valor nutritivo y la aptitud tecnológica de la carne y grasa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Capra

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Se sometieron cerdos con peso medio inicial de 53 kg a tres tratamientos: T1 dieta testigo conteniendo suplementos proteicos de origen vegetal y animal, T2 dieta basada exclusivamente en suplementos proteicos de origen vegetal y T3 dieta testigo restringida al 90 % de la cantidad ofrecida al T1 más libre acceso a pasturas. Se determinaron parámetros de comportamiento productivo y características de la canal en planta de faena. Se determinaron contenido de grasa intramuscular del Longissimus dorsi, perfil lipídico de la grasa subcutánea e intramuscular, contenido de hierro, zinc, magnesio, sodio y vitamina E. Se determinó también el punto de fusión de la grasa dorsal como indicador de aptitud tecnológica para la elaboración de productos fermentados. Con grasa procedente de cada tratamiento se elaboraron salames que fueron evaluados sensorialmente. En los parámetros de calidad de canal evaluados no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas. El acceso a pasturas determinó un incremento en el contenido de ácido linolénico y una mejora de la relación n6/n3 en la grasa subcutánea. No hubo diferencias significativas en el punto de fusión de la grasa. Las muestras de salame resultaron ser distintas, con un nivel de confianza del 95 % para los atributos textura e intención de compra.

  13. Aptitud clínica ante el paciente pediátrico con asma grave en residentes de pediatría y urgencias Clinical skills at the pediatric patient with severe asthma of Pediatrics and Emergency residents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. Loría-Castellanos

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Construir, validar y aplicar un instrumento para evaluar la aptitud clínica de los residentes de pediatría y urgencia ante los pacientes pediátricos con asma grave. Sujetos y métodos. Estudio observacional autorizado por el comité de investigación. El instrumento se construyó a través de cinco casos clínicos reales, validado por consenso de expertos en pediatría, urgencias e investigación educativa, obteniéndose una versión final de 150 ítems con una consistencia de 0,89. Se evaluaron 10 residentes de pediatría y 21 de urgencias. Se realizó un análisis estadístico no paramétrico. Resultados. La mayoría de los residentes (79,73% se ubicaron en los niveles bajos-muy bajos de aptitud clínica, ninguno alcanzó niveles superiores. Las pruebas estadísticas no encontraron diferencias entre los grados académicos o la especialidad. Conclusiones. El instrumento construido tiene una adecuada consistencia. El proceso educativo al que se han sometido estos residentes parece no favorecer el desarrollo de reflexión, lo que podría limitar su práctica profesional real.Aim. To develop, validate and implement a tool to assess the clinical competence of pediatric residents and medical emergencies to pediatric patients with severe asthma. Subjects and methods. An observational study approved by the research committee. The instrument was built through five problematized clinical cases, validated by consensus by experts in pediatrics, emergency and educational research, obtaining a final version of 150 items with a consistency of 0.89. It evaluated 10 pediatric residents and 21 of emergency. We performed a nonparametric statistical analysis. Results. Most residents (79.73% were located in low-very low levels of clinical competence, none reached higher levels. Statistical tests found no differences between academic degrees or specialty. Conclusions. The educational process that these students have had seems to favor the development

  14. Zonificación edafoclimática para el cultivo de Jatropha curcas L., en Tabasco, México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rigoberto Gonzalez Mancillas

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El agotamiento de las reservas petrolíferas y la creciente demanda energética mundial, ponen en evidencia la necesidad de ampliar la oferta de aceites para la producción de biodiesel. El objetivo principal de este estudio, fue determinar las zonas aptas con diferentes aptitudes agroecológicas para establecer el cultivo de Jatropha curcas, en el estado de Tabasco. Para ello se definieron cuatro tipos de aptitud: óptima, adecuada, marginal por déficit térmico e hídrico, y marginal por exceso térmico e hídrico. Para el recurso suelo se consideró la fertilidad, profundidad, textura y pH, y se utilizó la clase de aptitud óptima. La delimitación de estas zonas se generó mediante la implementación de un sistema de información geográfica (SIG, el cual facilitó la manipulación y sobreposición de capas de información temática de clima y suelo. El análisis promedio anual de temperatura demostró que todo el estado de Tabasco presenta aptitud óptima y con el de precipitación se obtuvo una superficie de 2 229 631 ha con aptitud óptima. En lo referente al recurso suelo se detectaron 37 subunidades de suelo con aptitud óptima, sumando una superficie de 945 462 ha. Al realizar el álgebra de mapas entre las aptitudes óptimas climáticas (temperatura, precipitación y period de crecimiento y edafológicas, se obtuvieron 833 181 ha con aptitud agroecológica óptima, por lo que en el estado de Tabasco es factible cultivar esta oleaginosa para producer biocombustibles.

  15. Statistical aspects of optimal treatment assignment

    OpenAIRE

    van der Linden, Willem J.

    1980-01-01

    The issues of treatment assignment is ordinarily dealt with within the framework of testing aptitude treatment interaction (ATI) hypothesis. ATI research mostly uses linear regression techniques, and an ATI exists when the aptitude treatment (AT) regression lines cross each other within the relevant interval of the aptitude variable. Consistent with this approach is the use of the points of interaction of AT regression lines as treatment-assignment rule. The replacement of such rules by monot...

  16. Observed Cognitive Performance and Deviation From Familial Cognitive Aptitude at Age 16 Years and Ages 18 to 20 Years and Risk for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Illness in a Swedish National Sample.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kendler, Kenneth S; Ohlsson, Henrik; Mezuk, Briana; Sundquist, Jan O; Sundquist, Kristina

    2016-05-01

    Proposal of an innovative approach to clarify the mechanism through which poor cognitive performance in adolescence impacts risk for schizophrenia (SZ). To determine whether the developmental processes that predispose to SZ are better reflected by the observed cognitive performance in adolescence or the deviation of that performance from the individual's familial cognitive aptitude (FCA). A prospective cohort design. Risk for SZ and bipolar illness (BPI) are predicted by school achievement (SA) at age 16 years and IQ at ages 18 to 20 years and the deviation of that performance from an individual's FCA. Familial cognitive aptitude is calculated from the SA, IQ, and educational attainment in biological relatives. Diagnoses of SZ or BPI in the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and the Swedish Outpatient Register. Participants were 996 886 individuals with recorded SA and 106 187 individuals with recorded IQ born in Sweden between January 1, 1972, and December 31, 1990, with sufficient numbers of biological relatives to calculate their FCA. The first cohort is 48.7% female, and the second is all male. Risk for SZ was strongly predicted by the deviation of SA from the FCA (hazard ratio [HR], 0.56; 95% CI, 0.49-0.63) but not with the observed SA (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.91-1.13). Similar results were obtained for IQ (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37-0.77 for the deviation from the FCA and HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.78-1.46 for the observed IQ). After matching SZ and control probands on cognitive performance, the siblings of the SZ probands had SA and IQs that did not differ from population means and were significantly higher in cognitive performance than for the siblings of control probands. Correlations in SA and IQs between the pre-SZ probands and their siblings were significantly lower than those observed between the matched control probands and their siblings. Risk for BPI was more weakly predicted by deviations from the FCA. No differences were found in the SA and IQs of siblings

  17. Army Science Conference (16th) Proceedings Held in Fort Monroe, Virginia on 25-27 October 1988. Volume 2. Principal Authors K through R

    Science.gov (United States)

    1988-10-27

    more confident make fewer errors. 2. Mechanical Aptitude- The Bennett Mechanical Aptitude Test ( BMAT ) meas- l - ures one’s understanding of physical...relationships and consists of 68 multiple choice questions. The average score on the test was 46.25. Men scored significantly higher on the BMAT with a...scores on the BMAT (F = 6. 08, p < 473 S. POLLACK, PEREZ & PARK 0.0005) were held constant. Thus, had subjects’ mechanical aptitude been controlled for

  18. Aptitud física en mujeres adultas mayores vinculadas a un programa de envejecimiento activo Physical fitness in older woman related to an active aging program

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Enrique Correa Bautista

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la aptitud física, entendida como la capacidad para desarrollar actividades normales de la vida diaria de forma segura, con independencia y sin excesiva fatiga, en un grupo de mujeres, vinculadas durante ocho meses al programa de recreación para el adulto mayor del Instituto Distrital de Recreación y Deporte (IDRD, de la localidad de Puente Aranda de la ciudad de Bogotá. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal de una cohorte de n= 344 mujeres en edades entre 60 y 87 años, a las cuales se les realizaron mediciones de peso (Kg, talla (cm, porcentaje de grasa, perímetro de cintura (cm, fuerza muscular de resistencia en miembros inferiores, y resistencia aeróbica, de acuerdo a la Bateria Senior Fitness Test (SFT.La agilidad no fue tenida encuenta. Para identificar el cambio de comportamiento de la población se utilizó el modelo transteórico de Prochaska y Velicer Resultados: El (56,4 % de las mujeres del estudio se encontró en etapa de acción en relación al comportamiento frente a la actividad física. Se identificaron 159 mujeres en sobrepeso, 121 mujeres con fuerza de resistencia adecuada, 183 con resistencia aeróbica dentro de los parámetros de normalidad y 183 mujeres con mala flexibilidad. Conclusión: A partir de los resultados descritos concluimos que la práctica regular de actividad física en la población de mujeres personas mayores trajo beneficios, pues su nivel de aptitud física sobre todo en lo relacionado con la fuerza en miembros inferiores y la capacidad aeróbica, mostró niveles suficientes y se clasificaron como activas físicamente. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (3: 263-269Objective: To determine physical fitness, understood as ability to develop normal activities of daily living safely, independently and without excessive fatigue through the measurement of physical components as the force of resistance, endurance, and agility in a group of women, linked for 8 months in a recreation program for the

  19. Perfiles aptitudinales, estilos de pensamiento y rendimiento académico Ability Profiles, Cognitive Styles And Academic Achievement

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo González

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available El estudio tiene por objetivo identificar perfiles aptitudinales y estilos de pensamiento en distintos grupos de carreras universitarias y encontrar factores predictores de rendimiento académico sobre la base de un amplio conjunto de variables cognitivas, socio-demográficas y culturales. Se presentan resultados correspondientes a una muestra de 298 estudiantes universitarios cursantes en cuatro facultades disímiles en cuanto a sus áreas disciplinares (Cs. Exactas, Ingeniería, Cs. Sociales y Psicología. Se administraron las pruebas de Matrices Progresivas (Raven, cinco pruebas integrantes del DAT-Forma T, el Inventario de Estilos de Pensamiento (Sternberg y una Escala de Autoevaluación de Aptitudes. Se han podido definir perfiles diferenciales para la mayoría de las habilidades y competencias cognitivas estudiadas. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas por carreras en la escala de autoevaluación de aptitudes y en los estilos de pensamiento. La conjunción de razonamiento verbal, habilidad de cálculo y razonamiento abstracto se muestra como un buen predictor de rendimiento académico.This study has as its main goal to identify aptitude pro- files and cognitive styles in university students enrolled in different careers paths. A secondary goal was to find predictors of academic achievement taking into account cognitive, cultural and sociodemografic variables. Participated of the study a sample of 298 university students of four schools in different disciplinary areas (Math, Engineering, Social Sciences and Psychology. Raven's Progressive Matrices Test, Differential Aptitude Test (T Form, Cognitive Styles inventory (Sternberg and a self evaluation aptitude scale were administered. Differential profiles were obtained considering the aptitude variables included in the study. Significant difference were obtained between careers in the self evaluation aptitude scale and cognitive styles. Verbal reasoning, calculus ability and abstract

  20. Impact of nutritional status at the onset of elementary school on academic aptitude test achievement at the end of high school in a multicausal approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ivanovic, Daniza M; Rodríguez, María Del Pilar N; Pérez, Hernán T; Alvear, Jorge A; Almagià, Atilio F; Toro, Triana D; Urrutia, María Soledad C; Cruz, Arturo L; Ivanovic, Rodolfo M

    2009-07-01

    Like in many other countries, few investigations have been carried out in Chile to measure the long-term effects of nutritional status at an early age on scholastic achievement in a multicausal approach. The objectives of the present study were to describe the impact of nutritional, intellectual, family, educational and socio-economic variables at the onset of elementary school in 1987 that may affect achievement on the academic aptitude test (AAT) taken in 1998 at the end of high school, and to quantify the impact of these independent variables on the AAT. The present study comprises two cross-sectional stages: in 1987, a representative sample of 813 elementary school first-grader Chilean children from the Metropolitan Region was randomly chosen; in 1998, 12 years later, 632 school-age children were located and only 351 of them graduated from high school and, from these, 260 students took the AAT. In 1987 nutritional status was assessed through anthropometric parameters, intellectual ability by the Raven's Progressive Matrices Test, scholastic achievement through Spanish language and mathematics tests, and socio-economic status using Graffar's modified scale; family variables were also recorded. Maternal schooling, scholastic achievement, intellectual ability and head circumference-for-age z-score (anthropometric indicator of both nutritional background and brain development) all in 1987 were the independent variables with the greatest explanatory power for AAT variance in 1998 (r2 0.402). These results provide a foundation to identify the risk factors at an early age that affect AAT scores and should be useful to improve nutritional and educational policies.

  1. Statistical aspects of optimal treatment assignment

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van der Linden, Willem J.

    The issues of treatment assignment is ordinarily dealt with within the framework of testing aptitude treatment interaction (ATI) hypothesis. ATI research mostly uses linear regression techniques, and an ATI exists when the aptitude treatment (AT) regression lines cross each other within the relevant

  2. Duración del periodo de lluvias y aptitud de tierras para la agricultura de temporal / Duration of the rain period and land suitability for rainfed agriculture

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Delgado

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available . El concepto duración del periodo de lluvias (DPLL es una propuesta de mejoramiento de otro denominado longitud del periodo de crecimiento (LPC. El objetivo fue realizar un mapa de aptitud para la agricultura de temporal basado en la selección de un modelo de la duración del periodo de lluvias con el índice de humedad. Se utilizaron los datos de 65 estaciones meteorológicas del estado de Yucatán y zonas circundantes. Se analizó la relación entre el resultado del modelo con el mapa de la vegetación potencial. Se encontró que el índice de humedad es mayor cuando proviene del método de Thornthwaite (MT, con el que se obtuvo el mejor modelo cartográco con valor de denición de un mes húmedo cuando es mayor a 0.65. El variograma fue tipo Gaussiano con una r2 = 0.98 y el porcentaje de la varianza explicada C/(C0+C = 74 %. La validación cruzada de la interpolación presentó una r= 0.63 y la raíz cuadrada del error cuadrático medio (RECM = 1.34. Los cinco intervalos de meses húmedos de interés agrícola fue de tres a cuatro meses, de cuatro a cinco meses, de cinco a seis meses, de seis a siete meses, y de siete a ocho meses

  3. The use of webcam images to determine tourist-climate aptitude: favourable weather types for sun and beach tourism on the Alicante coast (Spain)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ibarra, Emilio Martínez

    2011-05-01

    Climate has an obvious influence on tourism as a resource and as a location factor for tourist activities. Consequently, the tourist phenomenon in general is heavily controlled by meteorological conditions—in short, by the climate. In this article, the author proposes a set of weather types with which to establish the climate aptitude for sun and beach tourism. To determine these types, the density of use of one of the beaches with the lowest seasonality in continental Europe, the Levante Beach in Benidorm (Alicante, Spain), was analysed. Beach attendance was monitored using a webcam installed by the "Agencia Valenciana de Turismo". The relationship between the density of use of the lower and upper beach areas on the one hand, and meteorological variables on the other, allowed comfort (physiological equivalent temperature) and enjoyment (fractions of solar radiation) thresholds to be established. The appropriate hydric comfort values were obtained by comparing the ranges proposed by Besancenot in 1989 [Besancenot (1989) Clima et turismes. Massom, París] with numbers of visitors to the beach. The wind velocity and precipitation thresholds were selected following consultation with the literature and considering the climatic characteristics of the environment under analysis. Based on a combination of these thresholds, weather types suitable for this specific tourist activity are defined. Thus, this article presents a method for assessing the extent to which a day on the beach can be enjoyed. This has a number of applications, for planners, the tourism business and consumers alike. The use of this (filter) method in climate databases and meteorological forecasts could help determine the tourist season, the suitability of setting up a business associated with sun and beach tourism, as well as help plan holidays and program a day's leisure activities. Thus, the article seeks to improve our understanding of the climate preferences of that tourist activity par

  4. The use of webcam images to determine tourist-climate aptitude: favourable weather types for sun and beach tourism on the Alicante coast (Spain).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ibarra, Emilio Martínez

    2011-05-01

    Climate has an obvious influence on tourism as a resource and as a location factor for tourist activities. Consequently, the tourist phenomenon in general is heavily controlled by meteorological conditions-in short, by the climate. In this article, the author proposes a set of weather types with which to establish the climate aptitude for sun and beach tourism. To determine these types, the density of use of one of the beaches with the lowest seasonality in continental Europe, the Levante Beach in Benidorm (Alicante, Spain), was analysed. Beach attendance was monitored using a webcam installed by the "Agencia Valenciana de Turismo". The relationship between the density of use of the lower and upper beach areas on the one hand, and meteorological variables on the other, allowed comfort (physiological equivalent temperature) and enjoyment (fractions of solar radiation) thresholds to be established. The appropriate hydric comfort values were obtained by comparing the ranges proposed by Besancenot in 1989 [Besancenot (1989) Clima et turismes. Massom, París] with numbers of visitors to the beach. The wind velocity and precipitation thresholds were selected following consultation with the literature and considering the climatic characteristics of the environment under analysis. Based on a combination of these thresholds, weather types suitable for this specific tourist activity are defined. Thus, this article presents a method for assessing the extent to which a day on the beach can be enjoyed. This has a number of applications, for planners, the tourism business and consumers alike. The use of this (filter) method in climate databases and meteorological forecasts could help determine the tourist season, the suitability of setting up a business associated with sun and beach tourism, as well as help plan holidays and program a day's leisure activities. Thus, the article seeks to improve our understanding of the climate preferences of that tourist activity par excellence

  5. Studying Irony Detection Beyond Ironic Criticism: Let's Include Ironic Praise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Richard Bruntsch

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Studies of irony detection have commonly used ironic criticisms (i.e., mock positive evaluation of negative circumstances as stimulus materials. Another basic type of verbal irony, ironic praise (i.e., mock negative evaluation of positive circumstances is largely absent from studies on individuals' aptitude to detect verbal irony. However, it can be argued that ironic praise needs to be considered in order to investigate the detection of irony in the variety of its facets. To explore whether the detection ironic praise has a benefit beyond ironic criticism, three studies were conducted. In Study 1, an instrument (Test of Verbal Irony Detection Aptitude; TOVIDA was constructed and its factorial structure was tested using N = 311 subjects. The TOVIDA contains 26 scenario-based items and contains two scales for the detection of ironic criticism vs. ironic praise. To validate the measurement method, the two scales of the TOVIDA were experimentally evaluated with N = 154 subjects in Study 2. In Study 3, N = 183 subjects were tested to explore personality and ability correlates of the two TOVIDA scales. Results indicate that the co-variance between the ironic TOVIDA items was organized by two inter-correlated but distinct factors: one representing ironic praise detection aptitude and one representing ironic criticism detection aptitude. Experimental validation showed that the TOVIDA items truly contain irony and that item scores reflect irony detection. Trait bad mood and benevolent humor (as a facet of the sense of humor were found as joint correlates for both ironic criticism and ironic praise detection scores. In contrast, intelligence, trait cheerfulness, and corrective humor were found as unique correlates of ironic praise detection scores, even when statistically controlling for the aptitude to detect ironic criticism. Our results indicate that the aptitude to detect ironic praise can be seen as distinct from the aptitude to detect ironic

  6. The joint impact of cognitive performance in adolescence and familial cognitive aptitude on risk for major psychiatric disorders: a delineation of four potential pathways to illness.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kendler, K S; Ohlsson, H; Keefe, R S E; Sundquist, K; Sundquist, J

    2018-04-01

    How do joint measures of premorbid cognitive ability and familial cognitive aptitude (FCA) reflect risk for a diversity of psychiatric and substance use disorders? To address this question, we examined, using Cox models, the predictive effects of school achievement (SA) measured at age 16 and FCA-assessed from SA in siblings and cousins, and educational attainment in parents-on risk for 12 major psychiatric syndromes in 1 140 608 Swedes born 1972-1990. Four developmental patterns emerged. In the first, risk was predicted jointly by low levels of SA and high levels of FCA-that is a level of SA lower than would be predicted from the FCA. This pattern was strongest in autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia, and weakest in bipolar illness. In these disorders, a pathologic process seems to have caused cognitive functioning to fall substantially short of familial potential. In the second pattern, seen in the internalizing conditions of major depression and anxiety disorders, risk was associated with low SA but was unrelated to FCA. Externalizing disorders-drug abuse and alcohol use disorders-demonstrated the third pattern, in which risk was predicted jointly by low SA and low FCA. The fourth pattern, seen in eating disorders, was directly opposite of that observed in externalizing disorders with risk associated with high SA and high FCA. When measured together, adolescent cognitive ability and FCA identified four developmental patterns leading to diverse psychiatric disorders. The value of cognitive assessments in psychiatric research can be substantially increased by also evaluating familial cognitive potential.

  7. Influence of Students' Affective and Conative Factors on Laboratory Learning: Moderating Effect of Online Social Network Attention

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hwang, Wu-Yuin; Kongcharoen, Chaknarin; Ghinea, Gheorghita

    2017-01-01

    According to aptitude theory, the measures of aptitude include not only cognitive factors but also affective factors (i.e., emotions) and conative factors (i.e., motivation) that can influence students' learning achievement (LA). Therefore, this study employed structural equation modelling from experimental data of 96 college students to…

  8. Application of LC-MS and tristimulus colorimetry to assess the ageing aptitude of Syrah wine in the Condado de Huelva D.O. (Spain), a typical warm climate region.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gordillo, B; Rodríguez-Pulido, F J; Mateus, N; Escudero-Gilete, M L; González-Miret, M L; Heredia, F J; de Freitas, V

    2012-06-30

    The study of the evolutions of different wine pigment families, copigmentation/polymerisation processes and colour characteristics during the first year of ageing in oak barrel has allowed the assessment of the ageing aptitude of Syrah wines from "Condado de Huelva D.O.", a warm climate region. A total of 32 anthocyanic pigments were identified, including 14 major compounds from grape and 18 minor derivatives formed during the vinification. The anthocyanin profile changed towards more chemical complexity, being vitisin-like pyranoanthocyanins the predominant minor pigments during the first month of ageing. As wine became older, a progressive increase on the content of 4-vinylcatechin, 4-vinylphenol and 4-vinylcatechol compounds took place. Results showed that copigmentation occurred during the whole process of ageing inducing visual perceptible colour effects. Simultaneously to the copigmentation decrease, the degree of polymerisation increased during ageing, being maximum at 9 months old wines (77%). The colour of wines evolved progressively in a positive way from 3 to 9 months of ageing, becoming darker and with more vivid colour. However, from 9 to 12 months of ageing, the chemical structure of wines was negatively affected resulting in lighter, with more red-orange hues and less vivid colours. The inclusion of the chemical and colorimetric information on the PCA model allows us to reach very good discriminations among the Syrah wines with different wood contact period. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Aptitud agroecológica para el cultivo de la caña de azúcar en el sur de Tamaulipas, México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anabel Jiménez Córdoba

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo principal de la investigación fue estimar desde el punto de vista agroecológico las zonas aptas potenciales para el cultivo de caña de azúcar en el sur del estado de Tamaulipas, México. La delimitación de estas zonas se generó mediante la implementación de un sistema de información geográfica (SIG, el cual facilitó la manipulación y sobreposictón de capas de información temática, correspondiente a información de clima, suelos y necesidades biofísicas del cultivo. Como primer resultado, y con base en la estimación del índice de satisfacción de las necesidades hídricas y de los grados día de desarrollo, se determinó la zonificación agroclimática. Para generar estos índices se analizó información a nivel diario de 30 estaciones climatológicas (período 1960-1999. Para realizar la zonificación agroecológica se clasificó información de Unidades, Fases, Texturas y Pendientes de suelo, en función de la aptitud del cultivo a estas variables y mediante la sobreposición y álgebra de éstas con la zonificación agroclimática, se delimitaron las zonas aptas potenciales para el cultivo. Se encontró que del total de la superficie evaluada (1 454 794.0 ha, el 30.6% (446 021.0 ha se clasificó como Muy Apta (MA, el 9.9% (145 104.9.0 ha como Apta (A, cuyas restricciones fueron por Unidades de suelos, el 0.03% (559.5 ha se clasificó como marginalmente Apta (mA, con restricciones por la Pendiente de los suelos en estudio y el 59.5% (863 108.9 ha restante, correspondió a la clase No Apta para el cultivo.

  10. Modelos de aptitud espacial para la agricultura prehispánica y actual en el valle de Santa María, Catamarca, Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonia Lanzelotti

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN Se presentan modelos de aptitud para el desarrollo de la agricultura prehispánica y actual en un sector del valle de Santa María (Catamarca, Argentina, a través de la aplicación de técnicas de evaluación multicriterio con Sistemas de Información Geográfica. La base cartográfica fue conformada a partir de imágenes satelitales en combinación con mapas de elaboración acerca de unidades geomorfológicas, provincias fitogeográficas, hidrografía y áreas con evidencia arqueológica de agricultura prehispánica. Se observó que el área con mayor potencial para la agricultura se ubica en el sector pedemontano de la sierra del Aconquija, seguido por el fondo de valle. Este patrón coincide principalmente con el registro arqueológico prehispánico, pero no con la distribución espacial de las explotaciones agrícolas actuales. La relación entre la sociedad y la naturaleza, mediatizada a través de la tecnología, se presenta como la clave de interpretación. ABSTRACT This study was performed with the objective to identify suitable areas for development of pre-Hispanic and contemporary agriculture in Santa Maria Valley (Catamarca, Argentina through the application of multicriteria evaluation techniques using Geographic Information Systems. The base map was based on data obtained from satellite images in combination with thematic maps specially prepared about geomorphological units, phytogeographic provinces, hydrography and areas with archaeological evidence of prehispanic agriculture. It was observed that the area with the greatest potential for agriculture is located in the piedmont sector of the Aconquija mountain, followed by the bottom of the valley. This pattern coincides mainly with the pre-Hispanic archaeological record, but not with the spatial distribution of existing farms. The relationship between society and nature, mediated through technology, is presented as the key to interpretation

  11. Job-Derived Selection: Follow Up Report. Technical Report No. 4.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCormick, Ernest J.; And Others

    A study dealt with the use of the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) within a job component validity framework as the basis for estimating aptitude requirements of jobs represented by scores on commercially available tests as contrasted with scores on General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) tests. Procedures generally consisted of the use of job…

  12. EFECTO DE LA APLICACIÓN DE UNA MULTIMEDIA EN LA ADQUISICIÓN DE DESTREZAS PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE COMPONENTES DE LA APTITUD FÍSICA RELACIONADOS A LA SALUD, EN ESTUDIANTES DE EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Carlos Gutiérrez Vargas

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la aplicación de una multimedia en la adquisición de destrezas necesarias en la evaluación de componentes de la aptitud física relacionados a la salud. Metodología: sujetos: estudiantes universitarios de educación física (n=29, matriculados en el curso de Evaluación de Cualidades Físicas. Instrumentos: multimedia de batería de pruebas de evaluación física relacionadas a la salud (pliegues subcutáneos, capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, flexibilidad, fuerza muscular y resistencia muscular abdominal modificada, software de autoría Neobook para elaboración de publicaciones electrónicas, versión 5.0; software para el desarrollo de evaluaciones académicas Hot Potatoes de Half – Baked Software Inc, versión 6; Adobe Premiere para capturar y editar video, versión Pro 1.5; Audicity para grabación de audio; programa básico para la edición de texto Word, cámara de video DCR-VX2000 SONY en formato MiniDV NTSC, para la grabación de video. Procedimiento: los sujetos realizaron el primer test (aplicación de pruebas para evaluar componentes de aptitud física relacionados con la salud y tuvieron un evaluador ciego y con base en los resultados de este pretest, se distribuyeron en tres grupos de tratamiento, por la modalidad de puntajes aparejados y a cada grupo, se le aplicó un tratamiento diferente: solo teoría, solo multimedia y teoría - multimedia. Cada grupo recibió 1 hora de tratamiento por 10 semanas y finalizado este proceso, el evaluador ciego procedió a aplicar el post test para evaluar componentes de aptitud física relacionados con la salud a los 3 grupos. Asimismo se realizó una entrevista de grupo focal a cada grupo por separado, donde se identificaron factores cualitativos. Análisis Estadístico: Se utilizó un ANOVA de dos vías mixta (3 tratamientos x 2 mediciones para el análisis cuantitativo y el análisis de contenido y categorización para los datos

  13. The Utility of Job Dimensions Based on Form B of the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) in a Job Component Validation Model. Report No. 5.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marquardt, Lloyd D.; McCormick, Ernest J.

    The study involved the use of a structured job analysis instrument called the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) as the direct basis for the establishment of the job component validity of aptitude tests (that is, a procedure for estimating the aptitude requirements for jobs strictly on the basis of job analysis data). The sample of jobs used…

  14. La transmisión intergeneracional de aptitudes y actitudes culturales. Adaptando el paradigma de la omnivoridad cultural para Andalucía

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Herrera-Usagre, Manuel

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available Musical taste has been a research focus in sociology, not in the way it is acquired in school, but how primary groups, e.g. family or peer groups, have influenced it. In this article we have used the Survey of Social Reality in Andalusia (2009 with the aim of showing the role played by individuals social characteristics on their music consumption patterns. Our results have showed that there is no a exclusive consumption pattern of high culture linked to a social milieu. Through a latent class analysis, we have found three consumption patterns: ‘omnivore’, ‘modern’ and ‘traditional univore’, distinguishing by educational level, age and social origin. Thus, the voraciousness of musical genres is the result of a combination of factors such as educational attainment, life cycle and intergenerational transmission of cultural skills and attitudes, and not by the achievement of prestige or social class.

    El gusto musical ha sido objeto de estudio privilegiado de la sociología, no tanto por la manera en que es adquirido en la escuela, sino por el modo en que los grupos primarios, como la familia o los grupos de pares, han ejercido su influencia. En el presente artículo hemos utilizado la Encuesta sobre la Realidad Social en Andalucía (2009 con el objetivo de mostrar el papel que juegan un conjunto de características sociales de los individuos en su patrón de consumo de música. Nuestros resultados han evidenciado que no existe un patrón de consumo exclusivo de alta cultura ligado a un estrato social. A través de un análisis de clases latentes, hemos encontrado tres patrones de consumo: ‘omnívoro’, ‘moderno’ y ‘unívoro tradicional’, distinguiéndose por el nivel educativo, la edad o el origen social. La voracidad de géneros musicales, por tanto, es fruto de una combinación de factores como el logro educativo, el ciclo de vida y la transmisión intergeneracional de aptitudes y actitudes culturales, pero no así de

  15. Effects of Commuting Distance on Participation Rates for Obligated Selected Marine Corps Reserves

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-12-01

    AFQT Armed Forces Qualification Test AR Active Reserve ASAVB Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery BIC billet identification code...doorsteps of a recruiter’s office. The interested individual works with a recruiter and is verbally screened for any medical, moral, physical, educational...Station (MEPS) for a more thorough medical, physical, and educational screening (to include taking the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery [ASVAB

  16. C.E.E.B. and S.A.T.O. - Their Relationship.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Toronto Board of Education (Ontario). Research Dept.

    The relationship between the Scholastic Aptitude Test of Ontario (S.A.T.O.) administered to twelfth grade students and the College Entrance Examination Board Scholastic Aptitude Test (C.E.E.B.), of which the S.A.T.O. is a modification, was studied. Data was collected through the co-operation of the schools. The S.A.T.O. data was recorded as raw…

  17. The correlation between fundamental characteristics and first-time performance in laparoscopic tasks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harrington, Cuan M; Bresler, Richard; Ryan, Donncha; Dicker, Patrick; Traynor, Oscar; Kavanagh, Dara O

    2018-04-01

    The ability of characteristics to predict first time performance in laparoscopic tasks is not well described. Videogame experience predicts positive performance in laparoscopic experiences but its mechanism and confounding-association with aptitude remains to be elucidated. This study sought to evaluate for innate predictors of laparoscopic performance in surgically naive individuals with minimal videogame exposure. Participants with no prior laparoscopic exposure and minimal videogaming experience were recruited consecutively from preclinical years at a medical university. Participants completed four visuospatial, one psychomotor aptitude test and an electronic survey, followed by four laparoscopic tasks on a validated Virtual Reality simulator (LAP Mentor™). Twenty eligible individuals participated with a mean age of 20.8 (±3.8) years. Significant intra-aptitude performance correlations were present amongst 75% of the visuospatial tests. These visuospatial aptitudes correlated significantly with multiple laparoscopic task metrics: number of movements of a dominant instrument (r s  ≥ -0.46), accuracy rate of clip placement (r s  ≥ 0.50) and time taken (r s  ≥ -0.47) (p < 0.05). Musical Instrument experience predicted higher average speed of instruments (r s  ≥ 0.47) (p < 0.05). Participant's revised competitive index level predicted lower proficiency in laparoscopic metrics including: pathlength, economy and number of movements of dominant instrument (r s  ≥ 0.46) (p < 0.05). Multiple visuospatial aptitudes and innate competitive level influenced baseline laparoscopic performances across several tasks in surgically naïve individuals. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  18. Musikale aanleg: 'n empiriese ondersoek. / Theodore Cuyler de Villiers

    OpenAIRE

    De Villiers, Theodore Cuyler

    1982-01-01

    MOTIVATION FOR THE INVESTIGATION: A real need exists within Departments of Education, schools and other training centres for suitable objective measuring devices for selection, placement and diagnosis regarding the musical aptitude of pupils and students. The sooner special aptitude in a child is discovered and opportunities for further development are given, the better the chances for future success, achievement and self-realisation. PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken wi...

  19. Análisis de la aptitud combinatoria de algunas características del fruto de Physalis peruviana L.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lagos Tulio César

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available

    El presente trabajo se realizó con el objeto de evaluar la aptitud combinatoria general (ACG y específica (ACE y determinar la heterosis media parental (HP para algunas características del fruto en un dialélico de 10 parentales de P. peruviana. Los parentales de la colección Nariño fueron: UN03, UN14, UN24, UN26, UN35, UN40, UN43, UN45, UN48 y UN49. Entre estas introducciones se hicieron todos los cruzamientos directos y recíprocos. En dos localidades del departamento de Nariño (a 1.900 y 2.800 msnm se evaluaron el diámetro del fruto (DE, peso de fruto con cáliz (PFC, sólidos solubles totales (SST, ácido cítrico (AC, índice de madurez (IM y pH del jugo de frutos en estado 5 de madurez. El análisis de ACG y ACE se realizó con base en el método 1 de Griffing (1956. En los SST fueron importantes los efectos aditivos y de dominancia, siendo UN03 el de mayor ACG. Los híbridos UN40xUN45/UN45xUN40, UN26xUN48/ UN48xUN26,UN24xUN35/UN35xUN24 y UN35xUN48/UN48xUN35 presentaron los mayores efectos de ACE. En PFC sólo se presentaron efectos de dominancia. Los híbridos UN24xUN48/UN48xUN24, UN26xUN49/UN49xUN26 y UN14xUN03/UN03xUN14 el mayor valor de ACE. En DE, AC, IM y pH del jugo, no se encontraron diferencias de tipo genético ya que ACG y ACE no fueron significativos. A excepción del AC, las demás variables presentaron una HP igual a cero. UN26xUN48/UN48xUN26 en SST y UN40xUN49/UN49xUN40, UN43xUN35/UN35xUN43, UN49xUN35/ UN35xUN49 y UN24xUN35/UN35xUN24 en AC, mostraron una HP diferente de cero. Las correlaciones parciales fueron positivas para DE-PFC, SST-AC y SST-IM, y negativas para AC-IM.

  20. Conference Proceedings: Aptitude, Learning, and Instruction. Volume 1. Cognitive Process Analyses of Aptitude,

    Science.gov (United States)

    1981-01-01

    structures contained in the stimuli. The adaptation involved creating additional sets of positive sentences and generating companion sets of negative...new recipe, the creative chef considers the interactions of several known culinary achieve- ments. Within the same realm, consciousness is used to

  1. Concordância entre duas classificações para a aptidão cardiorrespiratória em crianças Concordancia entre dos clasificaciones para la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria en niños Concordance between two classifications for cardiorespiratory fitness in children

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Carolina Paludo

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a concordância entre duas diferentes tabelas de pontos de corte para a classificação da aptidão cardiorrespiratória em escolares de sete a 10 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos. MÉTODOS: Estudo de delineamento transversal do qual participaram 184 escolares (106 meninos e 78 meninas de sete a 10 anos de idade. A aptidão cardiorrespiratória dos escolares foi obtida por meio do teste de campo de corrida ou caminhada de nove minutos. Para a discriminação do desempenho no teste, foram utilizados dois critérios ajustados por sexo e idade: Fitnessgram (1987 e o de Bergmann et al (2010. A concordância entre os pontos de corte foi verificada pelo teste de McNemar e pelo índice Kappa, com significância estatística de pOBJETIVO: Analizar la concordancia entre dos distintas tablas de puntos de corte para la clasificación de la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria, en escolares de siete a diez años de edad, de ambos sexos. MÉTODOS: Estudio de delineación transversal, en el que participaron 184 escolares (106 muchachos y 78 muchachas de siete a 10 años de edad. La aptitud cardiorrespiratoria de los escolares se obtuvo a través de la prueba de campo de carrera o caminata de 9 minutos. Para la discriminación del desempeño en la prueba, se utilizaron dos criterios ajustados por sexo y edad: Fitnessgram (1987 y el de Bergmann et al (2010. La concordancia entre los puntos de corte fue verificada por la prueba de McNemar e índice Kappa, con significancia estadística de pOBJECTIVE: To verify the agreement between two different cutoff points for cardiorespiratory fitness in schoolchildren, with ages ranging from seven to 10 years of both genders. METHODS: A cross-sectional study composed of 184 schoolchildren (106 boys and 78 girls aged from seven to 10 years-old. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by the run and walk test (9 minutes. Two cutoff points were used to indicate the performance in the run and walk test: Fitnessgram

  2. Metabolismo de glicose em gêmeos monozigóticos discordantes para aptidão cardiorrespiratória Metabolismo de glucosa en gemelos monocigóticos discordantes para aptitud cardiorrespiratoria Glucose metabolism in discordant monozygotic twins for cardiorespiratory fitness

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Roberto Queiroga

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar se as concentrações de glicose e insulina em jejum são reguladas pela aptidão cardiorrespiratória (VO2máx, independentemente dos efeitos genéticos. MÉTODOS: Dados de 38 pares de gêmeos monozigóticos (11 a 18 anos foram analisados transversalmente. Os participantes foram submetidos a um teste de esforço máximo com ergoespirometria aberta (MedGraphics VO2000® - Medical Graphics Corp., St. Paul, MN e à coleta de sangue para estimar a concentração de glicose e insulina em jejum. A zigosidade foi determinada por intermédio da investigação de concordância dos gêmeos em relação a 15 marcadores genéticos polimórficos. Nove pares demonstraram diferença média intrapar para o consumo máximo de oxigênio ≥10mL.kg-1.min-1 e foram divididos em dois grupos, de alta e baixa aptidão. Os grupos foram comparados a partir do teste pareado de Wilcoxon, tendo em vista a assimetria dos dados. RESULTADOS: Em média, os gêmeos do grupo de alta aptidão apresentaram consumo máximo de oxigênio 17% superior (13,5±3,7mL.kg-1.min-1 a seus irmãos menos aptos. Não houve diferença entre os grupos para as concentrações de insulina (36,5±34,6 versus 25,3±13,7mg/dL; pOBJETIVO: Verificar si las concentraciones de glucosa e insulina en ayuno son reguladas por la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (VO2máx, independiente de los efectos genéticos. MÉTODOS: Datos de 38 pares de gemelos monocigóticos (11 a 18 años fueron analizados transversalmente. Los participantes fueron sometidos a una prueba de esfuerzo máximo con ergoespirometría abierta (MedGraphics VO2000® Medical Graphics Corp., St. Paul, MN y a la recolección de sangre para estimar la concentración de glucosa e insulina en ayuno. La cigosidad fue determinada por medio de la investigación de concordancia de los gemelos respecto a 15 marcadores genéticos polimórficos. Nueve pares demostraron diferencia mediana intrapares para el consumo máximo de oxígeno ≥10m

  3. Biological characteristics that influence the SEUROP system classification for Czech fleckvieh and Holstein bull carcasses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Radek Filipčík

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this work was to analyse the influence of certain characteristics (aptitude, age, carcass weight, net daily gain, feeding on the final carcass classification in the SEUROP system. 703 Czech Fleckvieh bulls and 642 Holstein bulls were studied. The animals were slaughtered and evaluated at a designated beef processing company. Combine aptitude carcasses shown significant differences between characteristics. Remarkable differences of group averages (P>0, 01 were established between farms and they were due to various rearing conditions. Also the levels of net daily gain between aptitudes were proved significantly. Holstein breed showed significant difference among The net daily gain < 500 g.day–1 and levels 551–600; 601–650 and above 651 g.day–1. The SEUROP system is influenced the most by the feeding regime, which is described by a net daily gain in this work, and farm impact.

  4. Psychotherapeutical effects of stimulate positive connotation in the increase of forgiveness

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Fernando López Pell

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available This work presents different aspects that have been related to the aptitude to forgive, emphasizing its importance for the psychotherapeutic practice in order to promote an increase of such capacity. Existing empirical evidence tends to relate forgiveness to emotional, physical and psychological well-being of the persons, and shows that the way of providing sense to the experiences influences the process of forgiveness. An alternative to increase the aptitude to forgive is proposed and results of an experimental study with 60 patients demonstrate the psychotherapeutic effects of stimulating positive connotation in the increase of forgiveness. The independent variable was the type of psychotherapeutic approach applied and the dependant variables were measured with the Aptitude to Forgive Scale (CAPER that evaluates the general predisposition of a subject to forgive, across four independent constructs: a Self, b Others, c Situation, and d Beliefs.

  5. Valoración de la aptitud física en niños y adolescentes: construcción de cartas percentílicas para la región central del Perú Evaluation of physical fitness levels in children and adolescents: establishing percentile charts for the central region of Peru

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alcibíades Bustamante

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Establecer cartas percentílicas y valores de referencia estratificada por edad y sexo de los niveles de aptitud física (AF en niños y adolescentes de la región central del Perú. Materiales y métodos. El tamaño de la muestra comprendió a 7843 escolares (4155 mujeres y 3688 varones entre los seis y los diecisiete años de edad. Los niveles de aptitud física fueron evaluados mediante el uso de seis pruebas motoras provenientes de las baterías EUROFIT, FITNESSGRAM y AAPHERD. Las cartas percentílicas fueron construidas por separado para cada sexo, utilizando el método matemático LMS implementado en el programa LMSchartmaker. Resultados. Se verifica valores superiores de AF en los varones, a excepción de la prueba de flexibilidad; la AF incrementa con la edad. Conclusiones. Existe variabilidad interindividual en ambos sexos. Los valores de referencia específicos por edad y sexo pueden utilizarse para la evaluación e interpretación de los niveles de AF de niños y adolescentes de la región central del Perú. Estos hallazgos pueden ayudar en la evaluación de programas de educación física en las escuelas.Objectives. Construct percentile charts and physical fitness (PF reference values stratified by age and sex of children and adolescents from Peru’s central region. Materials and methods. The sample was comprised of 7,843 subjects (4,155 females and 3,688 males between the ages of 6 to 17 years old. Physical fitness was assessed using six tests developed by EUROFIT, FITNESSGRAM and AAPHERD. Percentile charts were developed separately for males and females using the LMS method calculated with LMSchartmaker software. Results. Males showed higher PF values with the exception of flexibility; a clear increase in PF with increasing age was verified. Conclusions. Inter-individual variability in both sexes is substantial. Charts and specific reference values by age and sex may be used for the assessment and interpretation of

  6. cimento portland

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fábio Akira Mori

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available The characteristics of cement bonded particleboards can be jeopardized by chemical incompatibility between some lignocellulosic materials and cement, which can inhibit the glue of this cement; however, this effect can be minimized with chemicals treatments of the materials. The different species of Eucalyptus can be promising as raw material in the production of these panels, mainly residues produced in form of barks. The objective of the work was to evaluate chemical compatibility of wood and barks (without and with chemical treatment of Eucalyptus grandis with cement. The chemical treatment of barks was carried out with sodium hydroxide. Results showed that the Eucalyptus grandis wood presented a moderate aptitude with cement, the treated barks presented high aptitude and the untreated bark presented extremely low aptitude. It was verified positive influence of the chemical treatment in the barks, making possible, in the future, the incorporation of these elements in the manufacturing of cement-bonded particleboard.

  7. PENGEMBANGAN TES BAKAT TERPADU ONLINE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I Made Candiasa

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstrak Pengembangan tes bakat online didasari ide untuk memperluas otomasi layanan pendidikan, melengkapi e-learning yang sudah berkembang dengan baik untuk otomasi pembelajaran. Kelebihan tes bakat online yang dikembangkan adalah dapat digunakan setiap saat, dan tidak terlalu terikat tempat, serta tidak memerlukan petugas yang memahami evaluasi. Selain itu, tes bakat online dapat menyajikan variasi tes yang berbeda setiap kali diakses, serta dapat memberikan informasi hasil tes secara otomatis langsung setelah peserta tes memvalidasi jawabannya. Kata kunci: tes bakat online, otomasi layanan pendidikan Abstract Development of online aptitude test based on idea of widening automation on educational service, completing existing various e-learning model for instructional automation. There are some advantages of online aptitude test. It can be used anytime and anywhere by everyone. Furthermore, it can present various package of test every time it is accessed and automatically gives score and feedback immediately after tester finish answer the test. Keywords: online aptitude test, automation of educational service

  8. Assessing the suitability of stream water for five different uses and its aquatic environment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fulazzaky, Mohamad Ali

    2013-01-01

    Surface water is one of the essential resources for supporting sustainable development. The suitability of such water for a given use depends both on the available quantity and tolerable quality. Temporary status for a surface water quality has been identified extensively. Still the suitability of the water for different purposes needs to be verified. This study proposes a water quality evaluation system to assess the aptitude of the Selangor River water for aquatic biota, drinking water production, leisure and aquatic sport, irrigation use, livestock watering, and aquaculture use. Aptitude of the water has been classified in many parts of the river segment as unsuitable for aquatic biota, drinking water production, leisure and aquatic sport as well as aquaculture use. The water quality aptitude classes of the stream water for nine locations along the river are evaluated to contribute to decision support system. The suitability of the water for five different uses and its aquatic ecosystem are verified.

  9. The Prediction of Training Proficiency in Firefighters: A Study of Predictive Validity in Spain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alfredo Berges

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available The present study provides results of criterion validity in the selection of firefighters in Spain. The predictors were cognitive skills, job knowledge, and physical aptitudes, and the criterion was training proficiency. The process involves 639 candidates, but only 44 complete successfully the selection process. Our results support previous evidence showing that general cognitive ability is the best predictor of training proficiency, with an operational validity of .57. With respect to the other predictors, job knowledge presented an operational validity of .55 and physical tests of .49. In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that cognitive aptitude explains 33% of the variance, but when physical aptitudes are included the explained variance increases to 50%. If we also add job knowledge, explained variance increases to 55%. Our study offers recent results of criterion validity in a barely investigated job, gathered in a country other than the one where prior research had been carried out.

  10. Lactic acid bacteria from Sheep's Dhan, a traditional butter from sheep's milk: Isolation, identification and major technological traits

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Idoui, T.; Boudjerda, J.; Leghouchi, E.; Karam, N. E.

    2009-07-01

    Twenty six lactic acid bacteria were isolated from sheep's Dhan, a traditional butter made from sheep's milk in Jijel (East of Algeria). These strains belong to three genera: Lactococcus, Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus. The results showed that Lactococcus lactic ssp diacetylactis was the predominant species in this traditional butter. The results of the assessment of the technological aptitude indicate that a major strain has a good acidification aptitude, some of them show good proteolytic activity and only Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. dextranicum isolates were able to produce exo polysaccharide. (Author) 42 refs.

  11. Developing preschool children social aptitudes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Teresa Brás

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The kindergarten teachers must be aware of the importance of the acquisition of social skills for children, with a view to appropriate adaptation and overcoming the various challenges that will have those throughout existence. This article is the presentation of a research work within the pre-school educational context, in the field of ʻSocial and Personal Educationʼ which may lead to improved social skills within the group of children. In order to accomplish this, after the teaching training with the pre-school class which focussed on the acquisition of social competence, an assessment of the modified social skills within the class was carried out. These activities were included in the preschool lesson planning during the ʻSupervised Teaching Practiceʼ. They were developed based on childrenʼs daily life situations, focussing mainly on using games in the learning contexts. The aim of these games was to motivate and involve the children in order to enhance their balanced social development. The results obtained suggest that the introduction of this type of learning activities may be an asset in Pre-school Education because they develop both childrenʼs social skills and social competence. Moreover, this type of learning activities may also lead to changes in childrenʼs social interaction with both adults and their peers which may favour pro social behaviour.

  12. Los métodos cuantitativos en la investigación educativo-musical

    OpenAIRE

    Ana Laucirica

    1998-01-01

    La Psicología de las aptitudes musicales, enmarcada en el campo de la Psicología de la Música, plantea una investigación dirigida a conocer las cualidades de los recursos humanos disponibles o en formación para la interpretación y creación musicales. En este campo de investigación, por lo tanto, están implicadas áreas relativas a la percepción y destrezas musicales. Las pruebas psicométricas como sistema para la medición de las aptitudes musicales tuvieron a principios de siglo e incluso post...

  13. Measures Collected on the USMA Class of 1998 as Part of the Baseline Officer Longitudinal Data Set (BOLDS)

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Milan, Lynn

    2002-01-01

    ...: cognitive aptitude, complex problem-solving skills, tacit knowledge of military leadership, temperament, motivation, leadership style, leadership performance, physical fitness, cognitive-emotional...

  14. [Relevance of a driving simulator in the assessment of handicapped individuals].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carroz, A; Comte, P-A; Nicolo, D; Dériaz, O; Vuadens, P

    2008-06-01

    To evaluate the value of our driving simulator in deciding whether or not to allow patients with physical and/or cognitive deficits to resuming driving and to analyze whether or not the medical expert's final decision is based more on the results of the driving simulator than those of the neuropsychological examination. One hundred and twenty-three patients were evaluated with the driving simulator. Thirty-five of those with cognitive deficits also underwent a neuropsychological examination prior to the medical expert's decision on driving aptitude. In cases of uncertainty or disagreement, a driving assessment in real conditions was performed by a driving instructor. In cases of physical handicap, the medical expert's decision concurred with that of the occupational therapist. For brain-injured patients, there was a significant correlation between the neuropsychologist's opinion and that of the occupational therapist (kappa=0.33; P=0.01). However, the sensibility and specificity were only 55 and 80%, respectively. The correlation between an occupational therapy decision based on the driving simulator and that of the medical expert was very significant (kappa=0.81; Psensibility and specificity were 84 and 100%, respectively. In contrast, these values were lower (63 and 71%, respectively) for the correlation between the neuropsychologist's opinion and that of the medical expert. Our driving simulator enables the danger-free evaluation of driving aptitude. The results mirror an in situ assessment and are more sensitive than neuropsychological examination. In fact, the neuropsychologist's opinion often is more negative or uncertain with respect to the patient's real driving aptitude. When taking a decision on a patient's driving aptitude, the medical expert is more inclined to trust the results of the driving simulator.

  15. ¿Quiénes son los alumnos con aptitud sobresaliente? Análisis de diversas variables para su identificación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Blanca Ivet Chávez Soto

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available El artículo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las aptitudes sobresalientes en alumnos de tercero a quinto grado de primaria con relación a la edad, sexo y variables asociadas. Se trabajó en tres escuelas públicas del Distrito Federal, México. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico, intencional, participaron 670 niños (Medad = 9.18, DE = .997, 356 mujeres y 314 hombres. También, colaboraron 24 docentes, 21 mujeres y 3 hombres (Medad = 43 años. Se aplicaron el Test de Matrices Progresivas Raven, Prueba de Pensamiento Creativo de Torrance, Escala de Compromiso con la Tarea, Prueba de Autoconcepto Académico y Lista de Nominación. Se identificaron 34 niños con perfil sobresaliente, quienes obtuvieron puntuaciones por encima del percentil 75 en por lo menos tres de las cinco pruebas, los cuales se distribuyeron en tres grupos de acuerdo con la cantidad de variables con estimaciones superiores. La U de Mann Whitney mostró que no había diferencia entre las variables con respecto al sexo, se observó que los niños de mayor edad eran más creativos. La prueba Kruskal-Wallis reportó diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos en la creatividad, compromiso con la tarea, autoconcepto académico y en la nominación del maestro. La correlación de Spearman mostró asociaciones positivas y significativas, entre la edad y la creatividad; y el compromiso con la tarea con el autoconcepto académico. Se concluye que los alumnos sobresalientes forman parte de un grupo heterogéneo, por lo que es necesario considerar diferentes variables para evaluarlos y determinar sus necesidades educativas. The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics of the outstanding skills students in third through fifth grade in relation to age, sex and associated variables. The research was performed in three public schools in Mexico City, Mexico. We used an intentional non-probability sample, the trial included 670 children (Medad = 9.18, DE = .997

  16. 32 CFR 242.5 - Admission procedures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... qualified applicants, based on aptitude, intelligence, maturity, personality, emotional stability, diligence, stamina, enthusiasm, motivation, and other relevant factors, consistent with the practices followed by...

  17. Ensayo de aptitud realizado en LATU para validación del método de calibración y uso de pipetas de vidrio y pipetas automáticas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudia Santo

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available En 2008 se realizó un ensayo de aptitud para calibración de material volumétrico, con la participación de varios analistas (en su mayoría nuevos en la tarea de los laboratorios de ensayo del Laboratorio Tecnológico del Uruguay (LATU. Para el mismo se utilizaron dos pipetas, una de vidrio de 1 ml y una pipeta automática de volumen regulable entre 0 y 1 ml, ésta última calibrada para el valor correspondiente a 1 ml. Con el fin de evaluar la repetibilidad en la medición, cada analista repitió entre 6 y 10 veces la calibración con cada pipeta. Se evaluó la media aritmética de las mediciones de cada analista para cada pipeta y se estimó su incertidumbre expandida. Aquí se presentan los gráficos con las medias y las incertidumbres obtenidas para cada tipo de pipeta y se efectúa un estudio comparativo de los resultados. A modo de conclusión se evaluó la reproducibilidad de cada tipo de instrumento, en base a lo cual se formulan recomendaciones para su uso y calibración.AbstractIn 2008 several chemical analysts from LATU’s test laboratories (most of them new to their task took part in a Proficiency Test for the use of volumetric glassware. Two pipettes were used: a glass pipette of 1 ml, class B, and an automatic pipette of variable volume between 0 ml and 1 ml. The latter was calibrated at 1 ml. All analysts were asked to repeat each calibration between 6 and10 times to allow an estimate of the measurement repeatibility. The average value performed by each analyst for each pipette was evaluated and its uncertainty estimated. Graphs are presented showing the analysts’ means and uncertainties for each pipette and the results are compared. As a conclusion, the reproducibility of each kind of instrument is evaluated according to which recommendations are given for the calibration and use of the two types of pipette.

  18. Temperamental traits and results of psychoaptitude tests in applicants to become a cadet officer in the Italian Navy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maremmani, Icro; Maremmani, Angelo Giovanni Icro; Leonardi, Annalisa; Rovai, Luca; Bacciardi, Silvia; Rugani, Fabio; Dell'Osso, Liliana; Akiskal, Kareen; Akiskal, S Hagop

    2013-09-05

    Consistently with the involvement of affective temperaments in professional choices, our research team is aiming to outline the temperamental profile of subjects who are applying to enter a military career in the Italian Armed Forces. In this study we aim to verify the importance of temperamental traits not only in choosing the military career as a profession, but also in passing or failing the entrance examinations. We compared the affective temperaments (evaluated by TEMPS-A[P]) of those applying to become a cadet officer in the Italian Navy, divided into various subgroups depending on whether they passed or failed the entrance examination at various levels (high school final test, medical (physical and psychiatric), mathematical examination and aptitude test). We also tested for correlations between grades received and temperamental scores. Higher scores for those with a hyperthymic and lower scores for those with a depressive, cyclothymic or irritable temperament characterized applicants taking medical exams and aptitude tests. Higher scores on the high school final test correlated with lower hyperthymic, cyclothymic and irritable temperament scores. No correlations were found between temperamental traits and mathematical examinations. Multivariate analysis stressed the negative impact of a cyclothymic temperament and the poor discriminant power of temperaments regarding medical and mathematical examinations, and aptitude tests. Conversely, temperaments showed good discriminant power as far as psychiatric examinations are concerned. Hyperthymic temperamental traits appear to be important not only in choosing a profession, but also in passing entrance examinations. Even so, affective temperaments (strong hyperthymic and weak cyclothymic, depressive and irritable traits) are the only successfully predictors of the outcome of psychiatric examinations and, to a lesser extent, medical examinations and aptitude tests. Achieving high school graduation and passing

  19. Confiabilidad estadística para un test de intereses y actitudes vocacionales para estudiantes de educación media.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jesús Yamid Redondo-Remolina

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The interest of this research lies in identifying career interests and aptitudes of the students of School College Mariano Ospina Rodriguez, through the implementation and analysis of each of the matrices for the test chaside. In addition, the reliability of the instrument was checked by the index of internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha. The found reliability was adequate (α > 0.80, for scales C (Financial and Administrative Sciences, H (Humanities and Social Sciences, I (engineering and computer science and D (defense and security Sciences. In conclusion, the instrument has a comprehensive average concordance of 82% as an integral test, based on the correlation between the matrices of interests and aptitudes.

  20. The Relation between Group-Level Characteristics and Group Cohesion

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Salo, Mikael

    2006-01-01

    .... Results showed that mean expected and rated performance, mental state, sense of personal growth, social skills aptitude, attitudes toward refresher training and national defense, and good conduct...

  1. Transferability of Skills: Convergent, Postdictive, Criterion-Related, and Construct Validation of Cross-Job Retraining Time Estimates

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Kavanagh, Michael

    1997-01-01

    ... (job learning difficulty and cross-AFS differences in aptitude requirements), (b) XJRThs exhibited some postdictive validity when evaluated against Airman Retraining Program Survey retraining ease criteria, (c...

  2. Analyzing Aptitudes for Learning: Inductive Reasoning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pellegrino, James W.; Glaser, Robert

    A major focus of the psychology of instruction is understanding and facilitating the changes in cognition and performance that occur as an individual moves from low to higher competence in a domain of knowledge and skill. A new program of research which examines the initial state of the learner as a component of this transition in competence is…

  3. [The certificate of aptitude for sport].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ouchinsky, M

    2013-09-01

    The medical certificate of no contraindication to the practice of sport, requires prudence during the exam preceding its writing for medicals and medico-legal reasons. It needs a careful questioning on important points relative to the risk of health problems during a sportive effort, especially to seek for the prodoms which can be found in 7 to 50% of cases. This questioning can sometimes be specific to certain specialities of sport. Actually, even if the concept of mass screening identify for sports people, amateurs or not, is still much debated, we can consider as a reasonable attitude, in consulting with the general medicine, to practice a careful cardiovascular examination and an ECG whose the interpretation, done with the expertise required, could help to detect about 60% of the possible lethal abnormalities to the physical effort. In case of doubt during the exam, the complementary investigations are needed in some cases (echocardiogram, stress testing, myocardial perfusion, electrophysiological endocavitary exploration). After that, the used advices can be given to the sportive candidate to minimize the risks. Despite these precautions, a subit death because of the effort can non totally be avoided. Finally, it must be remembered that the behaviour to have for kid and for elderly person involves certain specificities to know.

  4. Defining the biological bases of individual differences in musicality.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gingras, Bruno; Honing, Henkjan; Peretz, Isabelle; Trainor, Laurel J; Fisher, Simon E

    2015-03-19

    Advances in molecular technologies make it possible to pinpoint genomic factors associated with complex human traits. For cognition and behaviour, identification of underlying genes provides new entry points for deciphering the key neurobiological pathways. In the past decade, the search for genetic correlates of musicality has gained traction. Reports have documented familial clustering for different extremes of ability, including amusia and absolute pitch (AP), with twin studies demonstrating high heritability for some music-related skills, such as pitch perception. Certain chromosomal regions have been linked to AP and musical aptitude, while individual candidate genes have been investigated in relation to aptitude and creativity. Most recently, researchers in this field started performing genome-wide association scans. Thus far, studies have been hampered by relatively small sample sizes and limitations in defining components of musicality, including an emphasis on skills that can only be assessed in trained musicians. With opportunities to administer standardized aptitude tests online, systematic large-scale assessment of musical abilities is now feasible, an important step towards high-powered genome-wide screens. Here, we offer a synthesis of existing literatures and outline concrete suggestions for the development of comprehensive operational tools for the analysis of musical phenotypes. © 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

  5. Defining the biological bases of individual differences in musicality

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gingras, Bruno; Honing, Henkjan; Peretz, Isabelle; Trainor, Laurel J.; Fisher, Simon E.

    2015-01-01

    Advances in molecular technologies make it possible to pinpoint genomic factors associated with complex human traits. For cognition and behaviour, identification of underlying genes provides new entry points for deciphering the key neurobiological pathways. In the past decade, the search for genetic correlates of musicality has gained traction. Reports have documented familial clustering for different extremes of ability, including amusia and absolute pitch (AP), with twin studies demonstrating high heritability for some music-related skills, such as pitch perception. Certain chromosomal regions have been linked to AP and musical aptitude, while individual candidate genes have been investigated in relation to aptitude and creativity. Most recently, researchers in this field started performing genome-wide association scans. Thus far, studies have been hampered by relatively small sample sizes and limitations in defining components of musicality, including an emphasis on skills that can only be assessed in trained musicians. With opportunities to administer standardized aptitude tests online, systematic large-scale assessment of musical abilities is now feasible, an important step towards high-powered genome-wide screens. Here, we offer a synthesis of existing literatures and outline concrete suggestions for the development of comprehensive operational tools for the analysis of musical phenotypes. PMID:25646515

  6. Information Processing and Coaching Treatments in an Intelligent Tutoring System

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Dillon, Ronna

    1997-01-01

    The purpose of this effort was to develop an intelligent tutoring system (ITS) to train test administrators how to operate computerized adaptive testing Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (CAT-ASVAB...

  7. Aplicación de la inteligencia emocional como herramienta para el liderazgo en organizaciones de alto desempeño

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Alfredo Martínez Martínez

    2002-05-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar la utilización de las aptitudes de Inteligencia Emocional como herramienta para el liderazgo en PDVSA, Unidad de Negocios del Distrito Lagunillas, mediante estudio de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo, diseño de campo no experimental transversal, encuesta a muestra representativa de 61 trabajadores y entrevistas a gerentes. Concluyéndose la presencia de fortalezas, como el liderazgo y la aceptación hacia el uso de aptitudes emocionales y debilidades, como el escaso conocimiento teórico de IE, incompleto desarrollo de habilidades sociales y marcada tendencia al perfeccionamiento técnico en detrimento de habilidades como la motivación y el trabajo en equipo.

  8. Prediction of Addiction Potential in Youth According to Attachment Styles

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mahdieh Adroom

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Background: The present study aim is to predict the psychological inclination to drug use in youths by studying their attachment styles. Materials and Methods: The research sample includes male and female students of Zahedan Medical Science University with the average age of 19-24. The proportional cluster random sampling was used for selection of participant. The hypotheses were analyzed, using Pearson correlation method, regression analysis, one way variance analysis and t-test for two independent groups4T. Results: The results indicated positive relationships among addiction aptitude and insecure-avoidant attachment style and negative relationship between addiction aptitude and secure attachment style4T. Conclusion: It is necessary to focus training intervention and prevention on all students4T.

  9. Applying Fuzzy Artificial Neural Network OSPF to develop Smart ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    pc

    2018-03-05

    Mar 5, 2018 ... Fuzzy Artificial Neural Network to create Smart Routing. Protocol Algorithm. ... manufactured mental aptitude strategy. The capacity to study .... Based Energy Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey",. International ...

  10. 32 CFR 242.9 - Academic, intellectual, and personal requirements for admission to advanced standing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... aptitude and motivation for a career in medicine in the Uniformed Services will be prime considerations in making admissions decisions. Only the most promising of candidates will be accepted, as judged by...

  11. Identification model of gifted students in secondary education

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Ferrándiz

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this article is to describe the identification and assessment procedure to identify high ability secondary school students in the Spanish region of Murcia. In the screening process questionaires addressed to parents, teachers, and pupils nad based on the Multiple Intelligences Theory were used. In the identification process two other instruments were used: a the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT aimed to assess the following areas: reasoning, verbal abilities, numerical and abstract reasoning, spatial aptitude, mechanical reasoning, attention and perceptive aptitudes, and b the TTCT (Torrance Test of Creative Thinking in order to assess the main abilities of creativity (fluency, flexibility, originality and elaboration. These two assessment tools will allow us to distinguish gifted from talented (Castelló and Batlle, 1998. In a third stage, the socio-emotional characteristics of the identified students are analysed using: c the BFQ-NA whose aim is to assess the personality dimensions (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion; agreeableness and neuroticism, and d emotional intelligence questionnaires (EQ-i:YV and EQ-i:YV-O Barón and Parker, 2000. 565 took part in this research. The students were aged 11-18 (M= 14.6 and SD= 1.08 and attended high schools of Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO of the Murcia Region. The results showed different profiles of gifted and talented stduents. The cognitive-emotional complexity of these exceptional students is discussed.

  12. Reference standards to assess physical fitness of children and adolescents of Brazil: an approach to the students of the Lake Itaipú region—Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edilson Hobold

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Background The importance of assessing body fat variables and physical fitness tests plays an important role in monitoring the level of activity and physical fitness of the general population. The objective of this study was to develop reference norms to evaluate the physical fitness aptitudes of children and adolescents based on age and sex from the lake region of Itaipú, Brazil. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 5,962 students (2,938 males and 3,024 females with an age range of 6.0 and 17.9 years. Weight (kg, height (cm, and triceps (mm, and sub-scapular skinfolds (mm were measured. Body Mass Index (BMI kg/m2 was calculated. To evaluate the four physical fitness aptitude dimensions (morphological, muscular strength, flexibility, and cardio-respiratory, the following physical education tests were given to the students: sit-and-reach (cm, push-ups (rep, standing long jump (cm, and 20-m shuttle run (m. Results and Discussion Females showed greater flexibility in the sit-and-reach test and greater body fat than the males. No differences were found in BMI. Percentiles were created for the four components for the physical fitness aptitudes, BMI, and skinfolds by using the LMS method based on age and sex. The proposed reference values may be used for detecting talents and promoting health in children and adolescents.

  13. A Mozart is not a Pavarotti: singers outperform instrumentalists on foreign accent imitation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Christiner, Markus; Reiterer, Susanne Maria

    2015-01-01

    Recent findings have shown that people with higher musical aptitude were also better in oral language imitation tasks. However, whether singing capacity and instrument playing contribute differently to the imitation of speech has been ignored so far. Research has just recently started to understand that instrumentalists develop quite distinct skills when compared to vocalists. In the same vein the role of the vocal motor system in language acquisition processes has poorly been investigated as most investigations (neurobiological and behavioral) favor to examine speech perception. We set out to test whether the vocal motor system can influence an ability to learn, produce and perceive new languages by contrasting instrumentalists and vocalists. Therefore, we investigated 96 participants, 27 instrumentalists, 33 vocalists and 36 non-musicians/non-singers. They were tested for their abilities to imitate foreign speech: unknown language (Hindi), second language (English) and their musical aptitude. Results revealed that both instrumentalists and vocalists have a higher ability to imitate unintelligible speech and foreign accents than non-musicians/non-singers. Within the musician group, vocalists outperformed instrumentalists significantly. First, adaptive plasticity for speech imitation is not reliant on audition alone but also on vocal-motor induced processes. Second, vocal flexibility of singers goes together with higher speech imitation aptitude. Third, vocal motor training, as of singers, may speed up foreign language acquisition processes.

  14. Le différentiel de sélection multiple

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laurencelle, Louis

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available An important aim of personnel selection is to maintain and hopefully increase the company’s productivity, a similar rationale underlying the recruiting of athletes in a sports league or the admission of students or candidates in limited enrolment programs. To help raise the ‘performance’ of the organization, one of many ways is to submit candidates to an aptitude test and select only those whose score exceeds some predetermined threshold value. The eventual ‘performance’ of such abler candidates should be superior to that of un-selected personnel, inasmuch as there is a positive relation between performance in the organization and the score obtained at the aptitude test. The expected gain in performance, i.e. the positive score difference between the sub-population of selected and abler persons and the whole pool of candidates is called ‘selection differential’, a very old concept. Brogden, in 1951, introduced the idea of differential selection in the specific sense of testing candidates on two or more aptitude tests in order to assign eachmeritorious candidate to the job wherein the expected gain is higher. Taking up this idea, we propose and develop the concept and mathematics of the multivariate selection differential, with three variants. A few worked-out examples and tables of differentials of order 2 to 5 complete the paper.

  15. Factors that affect South African Reading Literacy Achievement ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Turner (1995) refers to motivation and cognitive engagement interchangeably as voluntary ..... Goldstein, 2009) to test for significant effects of aspects of aptitude, opportunity and ..... Educational Psychology Review,. 17(2):99-123. Howie SJ ...

  16. 45 CFR 1170.23 - Employment criteria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... concerning employment so as best to ensure that, when administered to an applicant or employee who has a... applicant's or employee's job skills, aptitude, or other factors relevant to adequate performance of the job...

  17. Molecular orbital studies on the Wagner–Meerwein migration in ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Unknown

    volves a three-centred moiety in the cationic transition state. The migratory aptitude ... positive charge in the transition state. ... col–pinacolone rearrangement in acyclic systems, which is ...... of Higher and Technical Education, Government of.

  18. 22 CFR 501.6 - Appointment of Overseas Specialists.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... Employment, and a 250 word essay on a commonly understood subject to demonstrate grammatical competence. The... by the Board will be based on the Candidate's demonstrated aptitude and fitness for a career in the...

  19. Acercando el ingreso universitario a la escuela secundaria: comprensión de textos con tecnología móvil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ponce, Cecilia

    2017-06-01

    En esta experiencia se evidencia las dificultades que presentan los alumnos respecto a hábitos de estudio, aptitudes de lectura y baja autoestima para iniciar el camino a los estudios de nivel superior.

  20. RAND Research Brief: Military Recruiting: Trends, Outlook, and Implications

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    2001-01-01

    ...., those who score well on written aptitude exams and have high school diplomas). Recruiting resources had been cut after the Gulf War, and reports circulated that youth had less interest in joining the military...

  1. Enhanced musical rhythmic perception in Turkish early and late learners of German

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Paula eRoncaglia-Denissen

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available As language rhythm relies partly on general acoustic properties, such as intensity and duration, mastering two languages with distinct rhythmic properties (i.e., stress position may enhance musical rhythm perception. We investigated whether second language (L2 competence affects musical rhythm aptitude in Turkish early (TELG and late learners (TLLG of German in comparison to German monolingual speakers (GMC. To account for inter-individual differences, we measured participants’ short-term and working memory capacity, melodic aptitude, and time they spent listening to music. Both L2 speaker groups perceived rhythmic variations significantly better than monolinguals. No differences were found between early and late learners’ performances. Our findings suggest that mastering two languages with different rhythmic properties enhances musical rhythm perception, providing further evidence of cognitive share between language and music.

  2. Pre-service accounting teachers' attitudes to mathematics | Mkhize ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Journal Home > Vol 37, No 2 (2017) > ... Success in this core business subject is dependent on students' mathematical aptitude, attitude and type of secondary schooling. Our study investigated accounting students' attitudes to mathematics on ...

  3. Kessler Foundation Research Center

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... with a holistic assessment of students’ values, interests, personalities, and aptitudes. Read More -> Kessler Foundation’s Blog Caring ... Expanding Inclusion of People with Disabilities in the Workplace nTIDE September 2017 Jobs Report: Economic Recovery Extends ...

  4. 4 CFR 2.5 - Prohibited personnel practices.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 791); or (5) On the basis of marital status or political affiliation, as... evaluation of the work performance, ability, aptitude, or general qualifications of such individual, or (2...

  5. heterosis and heritability estimates of purine alkaloids

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    ACSS

    T79/467 showed good aptitudes for the combination of characters because their ... distinguished themselves by better levels of mid-parent heterosis values. ... contained in cocoa seeds are catechins (3.0-6.0%), ...... in melon (Cucumismelo L.).

  6. Teaching ethical aptitude to graduate student researchers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weyrich, Laura S; Harvill, Eric T

    2013-01-01

    Limited time dedicated to each training areas, irrelevant case-studies, and ethics "checklists" have resulted in bare-bones Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) training for present biomedical graduate student researchers. Here, we argue that science graduate students be taught classical ethical theory, such as virtue ethics, consequentialist theory, and deontological theory, to provide a basic framework to guide researchers through ethically complex situations and examine the applicability, implications, and societal ramifications of their research. Using a relevant biomedical research example to illustrate this point, we argue that proper ethics training for graduate student researchers not only will enhance current RCR training, but train more creative, responsible scientists.

  7. Space Architecture: The Role, Work and Aptitude

    Science.gov (United States)

    Griffin, Brand

    2014-01-01

    Space architecture has been an emerging discipline for at least 40 years. Has it arrived? Is space architecture a legitimate vocation or an avocation? If it leads to a job, what do employers want? In 2002, NASA Headquarters created a management position for a space architect whose job was to "lead the development of strategic architectures and identify high level requirements for systems that will accomplish the Nation's space exploration vision." This is a good job description with responsibility at the right level in NASA, but unfortunately, the office was discontinued two years later. Even though there is no accredited academic program or professional licensing for space architecture, there is a community of practitioners. They are civil servants, contractors and academicians supporting International Space Station and space exploration programs. In various ways, space architects currently contribute to human spaceflight, but there is a way for the discipline to be more effective in developing solutions to large scale complex problems. This paper organizes contributions from engineers, architects and psychologists into recommendations on the role of space architects in the organization, the process of creating and selecting options, and intrinsic personality traits including why they must have a high tolerance for ambiguity.

  8. Developing students’ aptitudes through University-Industry collaboration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Aizpun

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available In addition to the engineering knowledge base that has been traditionally taught, today’s undergraduate engineering students need to be given the opportunity to practice a set of skills that will be demanded to them by future employers, namely: creativity, teamwork, problem solving, leadership and the ability to generate innovative ideas. In order to achieve this and educate engineers with both in-depth technical knowledge and professional skills, universities must carry out their own innovating and find suitable approaches that serve their students. This article presents a novel approach that involves university-industry collaboration. It is based on creating a student community for a particular company, allowing students to deal with real industry projects and apply what they are learning in the classroom. A sample project for the German sports brand adidas is presented, along with the project results and evaluation by students and teachers. The university-industry collaborative approach is shown to be beneficial for both students and industry.

  9. Revisiting cognitive and learning styles in computer-assisted instruction: not so useful after all.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cook, David A

    2012-06-01

    In a previous systematic review, the author proposed that adaptation to learners' cognitive and learning styles (CLSs) could improve the efficiency of computer-assisted instruction (CAI). In the present article, he questions that proposition, arguing that CLSs do not make a substantive difference in CAI. To support this argument, the author performed an updated systematic literature search, pooled new findings with those from the previous review, and reinterpreted this evidence with a focus on aptitude-treatment interactions. (An aptitude-treatment interaction occurs when a student with attribute 1 learns better with instructional approach A than with approach B, whereas a student with attribute 2 learns better with instructional approach B).Of 65 analyses reported in 48 studies, only 9 analyses (14%) showed significant interactions between CLS and instructional approach. It seems that aptitude-treatment interactions with CLSs are at best infrequent and small in magnitude. There are several possible explanations for this lack of effect. First, the influence of strong instructional methods likely dominates the impact of CLSs. Second, current methods for assessing CLSs lack validity evidence and are inadequate to accurately characterize the individual learner. Third, theories are vague, and empiric evidence is virtually nonexistent to guide the planning of style-targeted instructional designs. Adaptation to learners' CLSs thus seems unlikely to enhance CAI. The author recommends that educators focus on employing strong instructional methods. Educators might also consider assessing and adapting to learners' prior knowledge or allowing learners to select among alternate instructional approaches.

  10. 5. Ndjio.pmd

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    daouda.thiam

    2009-12-04

    Dec 4, 2009 ... Basile Ndjio teaches Social and Political Anthropology at the University of Douala in. Cameroon. ..... their aptitude at building up clientelistic and patrimonial networks from the local to the national ..... 'bio-power.' As he has ...

  11. Predictors of Success in Dental Hygiene Education: A Six-Year Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Downey, Mary C.; Collins, Marie A.; Browning, William D.

    2002-01-01

    Examined the predictive reliability of incoming grade point average (GPA), incoming math/science GPA, and Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores in predicting success in dental hygiene education. Found that GPA was the most significant predictor of success. (EV)

  12. Ordenamiento de la minería de materiales de construcción en las Islas de Providencia y Santa Catalina, Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernández Almanza Primitivo

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available El objeto de este trabajo radica en brindar soluciones a la problemática de abastecimiento de materiales de construcción (grava, gravilla, arenas en las islas de Providencia y Santa Catalina. Para ello, exploró soluciones de plan de cierres de minas abandonadas antitécnicamente y analizó alternativas de abastecimiento con el modelo de impacto-aptitud del territorio. Consideró como alternativas de ordenamiento minero-ambiental, la importación de materiales de construcción a la extracción ordenada en la misma isla de Providencia. Valoró cuatro zonas y, con la participación de los actores involucrados, variables físicas, antrópicas; considerando matrices de impacto-aptitud, propuso una zona para el desarrollo minero sostenible para abastecer parte de la demanda de dichos materiales en el Archipiélago.

  13. Affirmative Action: The New Look.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hacker, Andrew

    1989-01-01

    Reviews eight recently published reports focusing on affirmative action in higher education. Discusses the following topics: (1) college admission policies; (2) minority student performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT); (3) school desegregation; and (4) minority group teachers. (FMW)

  14. The enthusiasm of a novice

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Lawrence

    change in the colour of phenolphthalein after it was added to an alkali. ... ing the high school examination with distinction, an aptitude test suggested by my .... this data was selected by the International Agency for Cancer Lyon,. France as one ...

  15. Epistemological Development in Social Work Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anderson-Meger, Jennifer

    2014-01-01

    Epistemological development is an important factor in facilitating learner identity and developing critical thinking aptitudes. This qualitative action research study explored undergraduate social work students' epistemological beliefs about knowledge, how knowledge is constructed, and implications for social work education. Data collection…

  16. The Differential Influence of Authoritative Parenting on the Initial Adjustment of Male and Female Traditional College Freshmen.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hickman, Gregory P.; Toews, Michelle L.; Andrews, David W.

    2001-01-01

    Surveyed college freshmen to examine the relationship between gender, authoritative parenting, aptitude, self-esteem, initial academic achievement, and overall adjustment. Found that authoritative parenting style was positively related to males' initial grade point average, but not significantly associated with females'. (EV)

  17. Das Hamburger Auswahlverfahren in der Zahnmedizin – Einführung des HAM-Nat als fachspezifischer Studierfähigkeitstest [The Hamburg Selection Procedure for Dental Students – Introduction of the HAM-Nat as subject-specific test for study aptitude

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kothe, Christian

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available [english] Introduction: The present study examines the question whether the selection of dental students should be based solely on average school-leaving grades (GPA or whether it could be improved by using a subject-specific aptitude test.Methods: The HAM-Nat Natural Sciences Test was piloted with freshmen during their first study week in 2006 and 2007. In 2009 and 2010 it was used in the dental student selection process. The sample size in the regression models varies between 32 and 55 students. Results: Used as a supplement to the German GPA, the HAM-Nat test explained up to 12% of the variance in preclinical examination performance. We confirmed the prognostic validity of GPA reported in earlier studies in some, but not all of the individual preclinical examination results. Conclusion: The HAM-Nat test is a reliable selection tool for dental students. Use of the HAM-Nat yielded a significant improvement in prediction of preclinical academic success in dentistry.[german] Einleitung: In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob die Auswahl der Studierenden in der Zahnmedizin alleine durch die Abiturdurchschnittsnote erfolgen sollte oder ob sie durch den Einsatz eines fachspezifischen Studierfähigkeitstest verbessert werden kann. Methoden: Der Naturwissenschaftstest HAM-Nat wurde in den Jahren 2006 und 2007 in der Erstsemesterwoche an den Studienanfängerinnen und -anfängern* erprobt sowie 2009 und 2010 im Auswahlverfahren eingesetzt. Die Stichprobengrößen der Regressionsmodelle variieren in allen Jahrgängen zwischen 32 und 55 Teilnehmern. Ergebnisse: Der HAM-Nat erklärte zusätzlich zur Abiturdurchschnittsnote bis zu 12 % der Leistungsvarianz in den vorklinischen Prüfungsleistungen. Die in anderen Studien gefundene prognostische Güte der Abiturdurchschnittsnote konnte für einige, aber nicht für alle Einzelprüfungen bestätigt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Der HAM-Nat erwies sich als zuverlässiges Auswahlinstrument

  18. A genome-wide SNP-association study confirms a sequence variant (g.66493737C>T in the equine myostatin (MSTN gene as the most powerful predictor of optimum racing distance for Thoroughbred racehorses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Whiston Ronan

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Thoroughbred horses have been selected for traits contributing to speed and stamina for centuries. It is widely recognized that inherited variation in physical and physiological characteristics is responsible for variation in individual aptitude for race distance, and that muscle phenotypes in particular are important. Results A genome-wide SNP-association study for optimum racing distance was performed using the EquineSNP50 Bead Chip genotyping array in a cohort of n = 118 elite Thoroughbred racehorses divergent for race distance aptitude. In a cohort-based association test we evaluated genotypic variation at 40,977 SNPs between horses suited to short distance (≤ 8 f and middle-long distance (> 8 f races. The most significant SNP was located on chromosome 18: BIEC2-417495 ~690 kb from the gene encoding myostatin (MSTN [Punadj. = 6.96 × 10-6]. Considering best race distance as a quantitative phenotype, a peak of association on chromosome 18 (chr18:65809482-67545806 comprising eight SNPs encompassing a 1.7 Mb region was observed. Again, similar to the cohort-based analysis, the most significant SNP was BIEC2-417495 (Punadj. = 1.61 × 10-9; PBonf. = 6.58 × 10-5. In a candidate gene study we have previously reported a SNP (g.66493737C>T in MSTN associated with best race distance in Thoroughbreds; however, its functional and genome-wide relevance were uncertain. Additional re-sequencing in the flanking regions of the MSTN gene revealed four novel 3' UTR SNPs and a 227 bp SINE insertion polymorphism in the 5' UTR promoter sequence. Linkage disequilibrium was highest between g.66493737C>T and BIEC2-417495 (r2 = 0.86. Conclusions Comparative association tests consistently demonstrated the g.66493737C>T SNP as the superior variant in the prediction of distance aptitude in racehorses (g.66493737C>T, P = 1.02 × 10-10; BIEC2-417495, Punadj. = 1.61 × 10-9. Functional investigations will be required to determine whether this

  19. IQ of four-year-olds who go on to develop dyslexia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Bergen, E.; de Jong, P.F.; Maassen, B.; Krikhaar, E.; Plakas, A.; van der Leij, A.

    2014-01-01

    Do children who go on to develop dyslexia show normal verbal and nonverbal development before reading onset? According to the aptitude-achievement discrepancy model, dyslexia is defined as a discrepancy between intelligence and reading achievement. One of the underlying assumptions is that the

  20. 42 CFR 136.312 - Application.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... proposed project; (v) The name and qualifications of the project director or other individual responsible... school students through observations, aptitude or other testing, academic performance, performance in... Indians in college or university programs, related employment, upward mobility programs or other areas of...

  1. Cognitive and Non-cognitive Predictors of Career Intentions within Cyber Jobs

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-04-01

    Aptitude Battery (ASVAB). FR-06-25). Alexandria, VA: Human Resources Research Organization. Edwards, J. R. (1991). Person-job-fit: A conceptual...Management (OPM) and Sony studios, are examples of this inclusion of specific agencies and organizations as targets of cyber warfare. Despite this

  2. 41 CFR 60-3.14 - Technical standards for validity studies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ..., such as intelligence, aptitude, personality, commonsense, judgment, leadership, and spatial ability.... (6) Prior training or experience. A requirement for or evaluation of specific prior training or experience based on content validity, including a specification of level or amount of training or experience...

  3. Fiabilidad de la técnica del cálculo del nivel aceptable de resultados en pruebas de preguntas de elección múltiple

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan F. del Cañizo

    2017-01-01

    En este trabajo se atiende únicamente a la evaluación de los conocimientos teóricos de los alumnos. La evaluación de las aptitudes y de las actitudes se realiza de forma diferente y no son motivo de este trabajo.

  4. Robotics: A New Challenge For Industrial Arts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lovedahl, Gerald G.

    1983-01-01

    The author argues that jobs in the future will depend less on manual skill and more on perceptual aptitude, formal knowledge, and precision. Industrial arts classes must include robotics in their curriculum if they intend to reflect accurately American industry. (Author/SSH)

  5. 77 FR 8841 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-02-15

    ... Force Academy announces a proposed public information collection and seeks public comment on the...://www.regulations.gov . Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Federal Docket Management... Air Force Academy. Each student's background and aptitude is reviewed to determine eligibility. If the...

  6. The emotionally competent leader.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Goleman, D

    1998-01-01

    Aristotle once challenged man "to be angry with the right person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose, and in the right way" (The Nicomachean Ethics). Daniel Goleman, Ph.D., a journalist for the New York Times, expands on this statement in his new book, "Emotional Intelligence." He defines emotional intelligence as the ability to rein in emotional impulses, to read another's innermost feelings and to handle relationships and conflict smoothly. This new model of intelligence puts emotions at the center of our aptitudes for living. Goleman asserts that these emotional aptitudes can preserve relationships, protect our health and improve our success at work. The following adaptation from "Emotional Intelligence" (Bantam Books, 1995) offers suggestions to managers and supervisors on how they can create a more cost-effective and healthier workplace for their employees by becoming more aware of their own emotional. intelligence.

  7. Solving of Clock Problems Using An Algebraic Approach And Developing An Application For Automatic Conversion

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lakshmi Devaraj, Shanmuga

    2018-04-01

    The recent trend in learning Mathematics is through android apps like Byju’s. The clock problems asked in aptitude tests could be learnt using such computer applications. The Clock problems are of four categories namely: 1. What is the angle between the hands of a clock at a particular time 2. When the hands of a clock will meet after a particular time 3. When the hands of a clock will be at right angle after a particular time 4. When the hands of a clock will be in a straight line but not together after a particular time The aim of this article is to convert the clock problems which were solved using the traditional approach to algebraic equations and solve them. Shortcuts are arrived which help in solving the questions in just a few seconds. Any aptitude problem could be converted to an algebraic equation by tracing the way the problem proceeds by applying our analytical skills. Solving of equations would be the easiest part in coming up with the solution. Also a computer application could be developed by using the equations that were arrived at in the analysis part. The computer application aims at solving the four different problems in Clocks. The application helps the learners of aptitude for CAT and other competitive exams to know the approach of the problem. Learning Mathematics with a gaming tool like this would be interesting to the learners. This paper provides a path to creating gaming apps to learn Mathematics.

  8. A multi-phase approach to select new wine yeast strains with enhanced fermentative fitness and glutathione production.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bonciani, Tommaso; De Vero, Luciana; Mezzetti, Francesco; Fay, Justin C; Giudici, Paolo

    2018-03-01

    The genetic improvement of winemaking yeasts is a virtually infinite process, as the design of new strains must always cope with varied and ever-evolving production contexts. Good wine yeasts must feature both good primary traits, which are related to the overall fermentative fitness of the strain, and secondary traits, which provide accessory features augmenting its technological value. In this context, the superiority of "blind," genetic improvement techniques, as those based on the direct selection of the desired phenotype without prior knowledge of the genotype, was widely proven. Blind techniques such as adaptive evolution strategies were implemented for the enhancement of many traits of interest in the winemaking field. However, these strategies usually focus on single traits: this possibly leads to genetic tradeoff phenomena, where the selection of enhanced secondary traits might lead to sub-optimal primary fermentation traits. To circumvent this phenomenon, we applied a multi-step and strongly directed genetic improvement strategy aimed at combining a strong fermentative aptitude (primary trait) with an enhanced production of glutathione (secondary trait). We exploited the random genetic recombination associated to a library of 69 monosporic clones of strain UMCC 855 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to search for new candidates possessing both traits. This was achieved by consecutively applying three directional selective criteria: molybdate resistance (1), fermentative aptitude (2), and glutathione production (3). The strategy brought to the selection of strain 21T2-D58, which produces a high concentration of glutathione, comparable to that of other glutathione high-producers, still with a much greater fermentative aptitude.

  9. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA FUNCIÓN DE VALOR EMPLEADA EN LAS DECISIONES AMBIENTALES POR LAS GRANDES ORGANIZACIONES: ESTUDIO DE LOS GRANDES PROYECTOS HIDROELÉCTRICOS EN COLOMBIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    RODOLFO GARCÍA SIERRA

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación ofrece una explicación sobre una de las fuentes generadoras de los altos nive- les de conflictividad, actualmente predecibles entre las comunidades locales y la construcción de megaproyectos hidroeléctricos en Colombia, a través de una mirada endógena de las grandes organizaciones, específicamente en su proceso de toma de decisiones ambientales basado en juicio de expertos. En este caso el análisis se aplica a la construcción de megaproyectos hidroeléctricos (>350 MW en Colombia durante el período 2010 al 2020. La investigación emplea la teoría prospectiva acumulativa (Cumulative Prospect Theory - CPT. Se inicia determinando el uso de la heurística de disponibilidad y su cuantificación, a partir de los criterios de facilidad de recordación y tiempo de deliberación de las respuestas. Paso siguiente, se caracteriza la función de preferen - cias de los expertos, determinando las dimensiones en las que se presentan zonas de aptitudes de ganancia (altas y bajas y zonas de aptitudes de pérdidas (bajas y altas. Su aplicación a las organiza - ciones según las simulaciones realizadas, permite mejorar la influencia de las comunidades locales en las decisiones ambientales, teniendo presente los resultados sobre las aptitudes de pérdidas que han experimentado los tomadores de decisiones, ante peticiones externas en las dimensiones tecnológicas y ambientales.

  10. Finding the key to successful L2 learning in groups and individuals

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lowie, Wander; van Dijk, Marijn; Chan, HuiPing; Verspoor, Marjolijn

    A large body studies into individual differences in second language learning has shown that success in second language learning is strongly affected by a set of relevant learner characteristics ranging from the age of onset to motivation, aptitude, and personality. Most studies have concentrated on

  11. An Update on Gifted Females.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Callahan, Carolyn M.

    1991-01-01

    This paper discusses selected issues and literature concerning gifted female students, examining achievement and aptitude, career choice, self-perceptions of ability, course taking, parental influences, the glamorization of sex differences, stereotyping, effects of classroom groupings and teaching strategies, and effects of single-sex schools and…

  12. Effects of a Tree Diagram on Students' Comprehension of Main Ideas in an Expository Text with Multiple Themes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guri-Rozenblit, Sarah

    1989-01-01

    Examines the effect of a tree diagram on college students' comprehension of main ideas in a social sciences expository text. Concludes that the tree diagram significantly improved comprehension of main ideas and relations between elements, irrespective of the students' initial verbal and visual aptitudes. (RS)

  13. [Psychological time, definition and challenges].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Droit-Volet, Sylvie

    2012-10-01

    Psychological time comprises different forms of time. Each form of time corresponds to different psychological mechanisms. The human being is subject to distortions of time under the effect of emotions. The effectiveness of social interaction depends on our aptitude to synchronise ourselves with others.

  14. Delivering "Virtual Ethnicity" Drama: A Pedagogical Design for Bridging Digital and Diversity Barriers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carter, E. Vincent

    2015-01-01

    This study examines an original dramaturgical method for creating virtual world experience called virtual world drama. The instructional focus is improving students' aptitude for analyzing ethnic identity by instilling both conceptual and multicultural competency. An exploratory research method is used, relying on observation (disguised and…

  15. Selection of Military Personnel for Foreign Language Training.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neumann, Idell; And Others

    A recently initiated research program, designed to develop tests and other procedures for improving the selection of military personnel for language training, has attempted to amplify the traditional language aptitude requirement to include systematic non-cognitive measures of the prospective trainee's motivation. (Author/AF)

  16. Analysis and Modeling of U.S. Army Recruiting Markets

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-03-24

    Battalion Weighting (Microsoft Excel®2010, VBA ...128 E.2 Stochastic Mean Value Imputation (Microsoft Excel®2010, VBA ...individual not meeting the educational or aptitude criteria for GA and SA As part of the federal budget process, HQ USAREC receives the accession mission

  17. 49 CFR 1549.103 - Qualifications and training of individuals with security-related duties.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... position; (3) Has basic aptitudes and physical abilities including color perception, visual and aural... the certified cargo screening facility security program. Wherever the x-ray system displays colors, the operator must be able to perceive each color. (ii) The ability to distinguish each color displayed...

  18. Implications of the "My School" Website for Disadvantaged Communities: A Bourdieuian Analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mills, Carmen

    2015-01-01

    Drawing on the theoretical constructs of Pierre Bourdieu, this article explores implications of the Australian "My School" website for schools located in disadvantaged communities. These implications flow from the legitimisation of certain cultural practices through the hidden linkages between scholastic aptitude and cultural heritage…

  19. Characteristics Leading Teachers to Nominate Secondary Students as Gifted in Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hernandez-Torrano, Daniel; Prieto, Maria Dolores; Ferrandiz, Carmen; Bermejo, Rosario; Sainz, Marta

    2013-01-01

    What are the characteristics leading teachers to nominate gifted students in Spain? To answer this question, several demographic (i.e., gender, grade) and psychological (i.e., multiple intelligences, emotional intelligence, intellectual aptitude, and divergent thinking) characteristics of 563 secondary students nominated as gifted by their…

  20. Pictures Improve Memory of SAT Vocabulary Words.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Price, Melva; Finkelstein, Arleen

    1994-01-01

    Suggests that students can improve their memory of Scholastic Aptitude Test vocabulary words by associating the words with corresponding pictures taken from magazines. Finds that long-term recall of words associated with pictures was higher than recall of words not associated with pictures. (RS)

  1. Perceived Barriers To Sport And Recreation Participation In Botswana

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    In order to determine perceived barriers to sport and recreation participation in Botswana the modified Crawford, Jackson and Godbey\\'s (1991) constraint assessment questionnaire which focused on five barrier categories, i.e. aptitude, socio-economic, socio-cultural, facility-awareness and facility constraint, was used.

  2. The Effects of Variability and Risk in Selection Utility Analysis: An Empirical Comparison.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rich, Joseph R.; Boudreau, John W.

    1987-01-01

    Investigated utility estimate variability for the selection utility of using the Programmer Aptitude Test to select computer programmers. Comparison of Monte Carlo results to other risk assessment approaches (sensitivity analysis, break-even analysis, algebraic derivation of the distribtion) suggests that distribution information provided by Monte…

  3. 45 CFR 605.35 - Evaluation and placement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... administered to a student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or achievement level or whatever other factor the test purports to measure, rather than reflecting the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those...

  4. 34 CFR 104.35 - Evaluation and placement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... administered to a student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or achievement level or whatever other factor the test purports to measure, rather than reflecting the student's impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those...

  5. Proceedings of the IREAPS Technical Symposium (9th) Held in San Diego, California on September 14-16, 1982. Volume 1 (The National Shipbuilding Research Program)

    Science.gov (United States)

    1982-01-01

    shipbuilding, both in traditional practice and in specific cases of recent experimentation with quality of worklife innovations. Aptitude As earlier...professional group is what they believe to be an unhealthy company attitude in the sense that they perceive the company to demonstrate little interest

  6. The Sandia Report and U.S. Achievement: An Assessment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stedman, Lawrence C.

    1994-01-01

    The article assesses the report of the Sandia National Laboratory's contentions about decline in Scholactic Aptitude Test Scores, National Assessment of Educational Progress achievement, and international assessments. The article suggests the report is generally right about steady trends but seriously flawed by several errors. (SM)

  7. Pre-Service Accounting Teachers' Attitudes to Mathematics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mkhize, Msizi Vitalis; Maistry, Suriamurthee Moonsamy

    2017-01-01

    Mathematics proficiency has an acknowledged impact on students' accounting grades. Success in this core business subject is dependent on students' mathematical aptitude, attitude and type of secondary schooling. Our study investigated accounting students' attitudes to mathematics on domains of the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Attitudes Scales…

  8. Imagem corporal, estado nutricional, força de resistência abdominal e aptidão cardiorrespiratória de crianças e adolescentes praticantes de esportes Imagen corporal, estado nutricional, fuerza de resistencia abdominal y aptitud cardiorrespiratoria de niños y adolescentes practicantes de deportes Body image, nutritional status, abdominal strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents practicing sports

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandre Schubert

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Verificar se há associação entre estado nutricional, nível de aptidão física e imagem corporal em crianças e adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Participaram deste estudo transversal 401 estudantes (236 meninos e 165 meninas com idades entre 8 e 16 anos, praticantes de esportes nos clubes locais. Para o estado nutricional calculou-se o índice de massa corpórea. Foram avaliadas a satisfação com a imagem corporal, a força de resistência abdominal e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória. As variáveis foram analisadas no mesmo dia, seguindo ordem padronizada. Para verificar as associações entre as variáveis foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado. Posteriormente, a regressão logística binária foi aplicada para identificar a magnitude das associações, considerando-se significante pOBJETIVO: Verificar si hay asociación entre estado nutricional, nivel de aptitud física e imagen corporal en niños y adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Participaron de este estudio transversal 401 estudiantes (236 muchachos y 156 muchachas con edades entre 8 y 16 años. Para el estado nutricional se calculó el índice de masa corporal. Se evaluaron la satisfacción con la imagen corporal, la fuerza de resistencia abdominal y la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria. Las variables fueron analizadas en el mismo día, siguiendo orden estandarizado. Para verificar las asociaciones entre las variables se utilizó la prueba del chi-cuadrado. Posteriormente, se aplicó la regresión logística binaria para identificar la magnitud de las asociaciones, considerando como significante pOBJECTIVE: To verify the association between nutritional status, physical fitness, and body image in children and adolescents. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 401 students (236 boys and 165 girls aged between 8 and 16 years that were regularly enrolled in sports in the local clubs. The nutritional status was evaluated by the body mass index. Students were assessed for satisfaction with body

  9. Cognitive Readiness of Students at Teacher Colleges to Support Individuals with Stigmatized Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kuprienko, T. P.

    2015-01-01

    The article reviews the evidence of the professional readiness of future educational psychologists to perform professional functions, and consider the levels of general cognitive and psychological aptitude of students at teacher colleges to support people with stigmatized gender identity and sexual orientation. [This article was translated by…

  10. Dumping is toppling Chinese into crisis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Iken, Joern

    2012-11-01

    For a long time people in the sector assumed that the Chinese solar companies were equipped with all the characteristics possessed by winners: mental strength, assertiveness, aptitude, aggression, orientation towards goals etc. But suddenly they are stumbling; some are on the edge of an abyss. (orig.)

  11. 45 CFR 1151.33 - Employment criteria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... best to ensure that, when administered to an applicant or employee who has a handicap that impairs sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the applicant's or employee's job skills, aptitude, or other factors relevant to adequate performance of the job in question. ...

  12. 32 CFR Appendix B to Part 57 - Procedures for the Provision of Educational Programs and Services for Children With Disabilities...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... basic skill tests in the areas of reading, math, and language arts. (iii) Screen school health data such... level of functioning academically, intellectually, emotionally, socially, and in the family. (B... communication skills so that the results reflect accurately a child's aptitude or achievement level or whatever...

  13. Expert Western Classical Music Improvisers' Strategies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Després, Jean-Philippe; Burnard, Pamela; Dubé, Francis; Stévance, Sophie

    2017-01-01

    The growing interest in musical improvisation is exemplified by the body of literatures evidencing the positive impacts of improvisation learning on the musical apprentice's aptitudes and the increasing presence of improvisation in Western classical concert halls and competitions. However, high-level Western classical music improvisers' thinking…

  14. Internet Addiction Levels and Problem-Solving Skills in the Teaching Profession: An Investigation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ibili, Emin

    2017-01-01

    In this research, the relationship between Internet addiction levels among teaching candidates and their problem-solving aptitude and self-efficacy perceptions towards the teaching profession was investigated. In addition, the effects of gender, department, Internet use and sporting habits on the Internet addiction, problem-solving skills and…

  15. 32 CFR 242.4 - Policies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... section on obligated service requirements.) (b) In making admissions decisions, the School will adhere to... entrance shall be judged strictly on merit, in terms of demonstrated aptitude, motivation, and potential... the extent possible in making Service assignments. However, to insure that the makeup of each entering...

  16. Psychosocial developmental milestones in men with classic galactosemia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Gubbels, Cynthia Sophia; Maurice-Stam, Heleen; Berry, Gerard Thomas; Bosch, Annet Maria; Waisbren, Susan; Rubio-Gozalbo, Maria Estela; Grootenhuis, Martha Alexandra

    2011-01-01

    Patients with classic galactosemia suffer from several long term effects of their disease. Research in a group of mainly female patients has shown that these patients may also have a developmental delay with regard to their social aptitude. To study if male galactosemia patients achieve psychosocial

  17. Computed tomography for dimensional metrology

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kruth, J.P.; Bartscher, M.; Carmignato, S.

    2011-01-01

    metrology, putting emphasis on issues as accuracy, traceability to the unit of length (the meter) and measurement uncertainty. It provides a state of the art (anno 2011) and application examples, showing the aptitude of CT metrology to: (i) check internal dimensions that cannot be measured using traditional...

  18. IQ of Four-Year-Olds Who Go On to Develop Dyslexia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Bergen, Elsje; de Jong, Peter F.; Maassen, Ben; Krikhaar, Evelien; Plakas, Anna; van der Leij, Aryan

    2014-01-01

    Do children who go on to develop dyslexia show normal verbal and nonverbal development before reading onset? According to the aptitude–achievement discrepancy model, dyslexia is defined as a discrepancy between intelligence and reading achievement. One of the underlying assumptions is that the

  19. Restructuring Schools To Be Math Friendly to Females.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karp, Karen; Shakeshaft, Charol

    1997-01-01

    The gender gap in math Scholastic Aptitude Test scores, attributable to course avoidance, lack of confidence, and unbalanced classroom instruction, can have serious consequences for young women, such as limited university selection, limited career choices, and lower lifetime salaries. Solutions include hiring math specialists, establishing role…

  20. Teacher-Made Tactile Science Materials with Critical and Creative Thinking Activities for Learners Including Those with Visual Impairments

    Science.gov (United States)

    Teske, Jolene K.; Gray, Phyllis; Kuhn, Mason A.; Clausen, Courtney K.; Smith, Latisha L.; Alsubia, Sukainah A.; Ghayoorad, Maryam; Rule, Audrey C.; Schneider, Jean Suchsland

    2014-01-01

    Gifted students with visual impairments are twice exceptional learners and may not evidence their advanced science aptitudes without appropriate accommodations for learning science. However, effective tactile science teaching materials may be easily made. Recent research has shown that when tactile materials are used with "all" students…

  1. Entrepreneurial Checklist Tool for Beginning Farm and Home-Based Businesses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rafie, A. R.; Nartea, Theresa

    2012-01-01

    Extension educators entertain frequent questions on beginning a farm or starting a home-based business. Retired, unemployed, and displaced workers consider starting a small farm or home-based business. Determining educational needs or individual business aptitude is time consuming. Lengthy and comprehensive skill-based checklists exist for…

  2. Intelligence, Inspection Time, and Decision Time.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bates, Timothy C.; Eysenck, Hans J.

    1993-01-01

    Relationships among Multidimensional Aptitude Battery scores, inspection time, choice reaction time, and the odd-man procedure were investigated for 63 female and 25 male adults. No significant relationships were found for these mental speed measures and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised dimensions of extraversion, neuroticism, and…

  3. 77 FR 8840 - Proposed Collection; Comment Request

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-02-15

    ... section 3506(c)(2)(A) of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, the United States Air Force Academy, Office...://www.regulations.gov . Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Federal Docket Management... background and aptitude in determining eligibility and selection to the Air Force Academy. Affected Public...

  4. ZONEAMENTO AGROCLIMÁTICO DA PITANGUEIRA PARA TRÊS CENÁRIOS DISTINTOS DE PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIAL EM PERNAMBUCO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ALEXSANDRO OLIVEIRA DA SILVA

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available The present work had as objective to carry through the agroclimatic zoning of the culture of surinam cherry in the state of Pernambuco. They had been used given average annual of minimum and maximum pluvial precipitation and pertaining temperatures of air the 201 climatologic station located in the main representative cities of the regions of the State for the elaboration of the water balance and the attainment of the thermal and water limits. The function density of probability of the distribution gamma was used to classify the dry, regular and rainy years. The maps of dry, regular and rainy years had been produced using interpolation for kriging. The results had presented 19 cities with full aptitude for dry years, 50 cities for regular years and 66 cities for rainy years apt to the culture of surinam cherry. The cities of Cortês, Gameleira and Palmares had revealed with better aptitudes agroclimatic for the culture of the surinam cherry in Pernambuco.

  5. College students with dyslexia: persistent linguistic deficits and foreign language learning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Downey, D M; Snyder, L E; Hill, B

    2000-01-01

    The first of these two studies compared college students with dyslexia enrolled in modified Latin and Spanish classes and non-dyslexic students enrolled in regular foreign language classes on measures of foreign language aptitude, word decoding, spelling, phonological awareness and word repetition. The groups did not differ on age or grade point average. Analyses indicated that students with dyslexia performed significantly poorer on the foreign language aptitude measures as well as on both phonological tasks, reading and spelling. In the second study, students with learning disabilities who were enrolled in a modified Latin class were not significantly different from their peers in a regular Latin class on grade point average or on performance on a proficiency examination at the end of the second semester. The data suggest that while phonological processing deficits persist into adulthood, students with dyslexia are able to acquire appropriate skills and information to successfully complete the University's foreign language requirement in classes modified to meet their needs.

  6. Influencia de la inteligencia emocional sobre las competencias laborales: un estudio empírico con empleados del nivel administrativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luis Duque Ceballos

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia de la inteligencia emocional sobre el desarrollo de las competencias laborales, a través de la aplicación de una encuesta a 122 estudiantes de maestría con experiencia laboral superior a tres años y que se encuentran desempeñando cargos administrativos. La metodología utilizada es la regresión lineal estimando previamente un análisis factorial exploratorio para agrupar las aptitudes personales y sociales de la inteligencia emocional. En los resultados se comprueba que la inteligencia emocional representada en las aptitudes emocionales y sociales influye positivamente sobre las competencias laborales, encontrando que aspectos como el reconocimiento de emociones, el trabajo en equipo, la comunicación, la orientación al logro, la percepción y la negociación son características del individuo que favorecen la formación de competencias afectando el desempeño laboral.

  7. Choking under social pressure: social monitoring among the lonely.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Knowles, Megan L; Lucas, Gale M; Baumeister, Roy F; Gardner, Wendi L

    2015-06-01

    Lonely individuals may decode social cues well but have difficulty putting such skills to use precisely when they need them--in social situations. In four studies, we examined whether lonely people choke under social pressure by asking participants to complete social sensitivity tasks framed as diagnostic of social skills or nonsocial skills. Across studies, lonely participants performed worse than nonlonely participants on social sensitivity tasks framed as tests of social aptitude, but they performed just as well or better than the nonlonely when the same tasks were framed as tests of academic aptitude. Mediational analyses in Study 3 and misattribution effects in Study 4 indicate that anxiety plays an important role in this choking effect. This research suggests that lonely individuals may not need to acquire social skills to escape loneliness; instead, they must learn to cope with performance anxiety in interpersonal interactions. © 2015 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

  8. AL-MU'TAQADÂT NAHW TA'ALLUM AL-LUGHAH AL-‘ARABIYYAH BI WASHFIHÂ LUGHAH AJNABIYYAH 'INDA AL-MUTA'ALLIMÎN 'ABR IKHTILÂF AL-KHALFIYYAH AL-TSAQÂFIYYAH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nurul Wahdah

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available This study aimed at investigating students’ beliefs about Arabic language learning across cultural background differences. The study used a questionnaire of Horwitz’s Beliefs about Language Learning (BALLI. The data were analysed by frequency, arithmetic means and independent sample test. The results indicated that the dimensions of Dayakese students’ beliefs including aptitude, difficulty, and nature of language learning, learning strategies were at a medium level, the dimension of motivation was high, while the dimension of Banjarese including difficulty, nature of language learning, learning strategies and motivation were medium, aptitude was high. Overall, beliefs about Arabic language learning of Dayakese and Banjarese students were medium.  From independent sample test, it was known that the p-value =0.174. This means that there was not a significant difference between Dayakese and Banjarese students. This indicated that the differences among people whose cultures are closed to each other demographically in their beliefs about Arabic language learning were not found.

  9. Music training and speech perception: a gene-environment interaction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schellenberg, E Glenn

    2015-03-01

    Claims of beneficial side effects of music training are made for many different abilities, including verbal and visuospatial abilities, executive functions, working memory, IQ, and speech perception in particular. Such claims assume that music training causes the associations even though children who take music lessons are likely to differ from other children in music aptitude, which is associated with many aspects of speech perception. Music training in childhood is also associated with cognitive, personality, and demographic variables, and it is well established that IQ and personality are determined largely by genetics. Recent evidence also indicates that the role of genetics in music aptitude and music achievement is much larger than previously thought. In short, music training is an ideal model for the study of gene-environment interactions but far less appropriate as a model for the study of plasticity. Children seek out environments, including those with music lessons, that are consistent with their predispositions; such environments exaggerate preexisting individual differences. © 2015 New York Academy of Sciences.

  10. Students classified as LD who received course substitutions for the college foreign language requirement: a replication study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sparks, Richard L; Philips, Lois G; Javorsky, James

    2002-01-01

    This replication study examined whether 158 college students classified as learning disabled (LD) who were granted course substitutions for the foreign language (FL) requirement would display significant cognitive and academic achievement differences when grouped by levels of IQ-achievement and achievement-achievement discrepancy and by level of performance on an FL aptitude test (Modern Language Aptitude Test; MLAT), phonological/orthographic processing measures, and in FL courses. The results showed that there were few differences among groups with differing levels of IQ-achievement or achievement-achievement discrepancy (i.e., 1.50 SD) on MLAT and American College Testing (ACT) scores, graduating grade point average (GPA), or college FL GPA. The results also showed that between groups who scored at or above versus below the 15th percentile (i.e., or = 1.0 SD) for classification as LD. These findings suggest that many traditional assumptions about LD and FL learning are likely to be false.

  11. Can Working Memory and Inhibitory Control Predict Second Language Learning in the Classroom?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jared A. Linck

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available The role of executive functioning in second language (L2 aptitude remains unclear. Whereas some studies report a relationship between working memory (WM and L2 learning, others have argued against this association. Similarly, being bilingual appears to benefit inhibitory control, and individual differences in inhibitory control are related to online L2 processing. The current longitudinal study examines whether these two components of executive functioning predict learning gains in an L2 classroom context using a pretest/posttest design. We assessed 25 university students in language courses, who completed measures of WM and inhibitory control. They also completed a proficiency measure at the beginning and end of a semester and reported their grade point average (GPA. WM was positively related to L2 proficiency and learning, but inhibitory control was not. These results support the notion that WM is an important component of L2 aptitude, particularly for predicting the early stages of L2 classroom learning.

  12. El emprendimiento y el bien común: ¿competencias complementarias o excluyentes? O empreendimento e o bem comum: competências excludentes ou complementarias? Entrepreneurship and the common good: complementary or exclusive aptitudes?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan David Enciso-Congote

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo propone un análisis comparativo entre los requerimientos de la formación de competencias para el emprendimiento y para el desempeño laboral, de acuerdo con el escenario que sirve de contexto a cada una de ellas. En el caso del desempeño laboral, se toma como punto de referencia la estructura burocrática descrita por Max Weber. En cuanto al emprendimiento, las raíces son antropológicas, la naturaleza humana, independientemente de cualquier referente cultural o histórico. Estas consideraciones proporcionan un marco de referencia para reflexionar sobre las dificultades conceptuales y pedagógicas que obstaculizan la construcción de una visión más inclusiva de lo público y del compromiso que debe tener un profesional con la búsqueda del bien común y, por tanto, de la responsabilidad que recae en la formación universitaria para procurar este cometido.Este trabalho propõe uma análise comparativa entre os requisitos para a formação de competências para o empreendimento e o desempenho no trabalho, segundo o cenário que fornece o contexto para cada um deles. No caso do desempenho de trabalho, toma-se como ponto de referência a estrutura burocrática descrita por Max Weber. Respeito ao empreendimento, as raízes são antropológicas -da natureza humana-, independentemente de qualquer referência cultural ou histórica. Estas considerações fornecem um quadro para refletir sobre os desafios conceituais e pedagógicos que dificultam a construção de uma visão mais abrangente do bem público, do compromisso dos profissionais em procura do bem comum e, portanto, da responsabilidade que se encontra no ensino universitário para garantir esse papel.This study proposes a comparative analysis between the requirements involved in building aptitudes for entrepreneurship and those for job performance, according to the scenarios that serve as the context for each of them. In the case of job performance, the bureaucratic structure

  13. Sales Role-Plays and Mock Interviews: An Investigation of Student Performance in Sales Competitions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mani, Sudha; Kothandaraman, Prabakar; Kashyap, Rajiv; Ashnai, Bahar

    2016-01-01

    Sales competitions provide students with opportunities to apply their understanding of sales. Despite a long tradition of scholarship on sales role-plays, the answer to what drives student performance in sales competitions remains elusive. In this research, we examine how motivation (work engagement) and ability (cognitive aptitude and…

  14. International Trade in Commerce with Liberal Arts: One Instructor's Dual Pursuit.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Trendota, Kristina

    1982-01-01

    The need for and opportunities presented by foreign language aptitude in international trade are noted, and a program in executive German at the College of Saint Catherine is described. The program emphasizes developing language skills, especially in correspondence, and learning to observe certain international conventions and courtesies. (MSE)

  15. A Study of Garton's "Test of Musicality" as Applied to College Students

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoder, Vance A.

    1972-01-01

    This investigation showed the Test of Musicality to be especially valuable in distinguishing music majors from nonmusic majors. It is questionable, though, whether the test is actually a measure of music aptitude or potential; rather, a strong case could be made for the test's being an achievement measure. (Author)

  16. Education Policy Influence Efficacy: Teacher Beliefs in Their Ability to Change Education Policy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hinnant-Crawford, Brandi

    2016-01-01

    Guided by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) this study sought to understand how teachers view themselves as educational policy actors and to construct an instrument that measures teacher beliefs about their aptitude to advocate for changes in educational policy. This study employed a sequential explanatory design, characterized by quantitative data…

  17. Using Differential Item Functioning Procedures to Explore Sources of Item Difficulty and Group Performance Characteristics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scheuneman, Janice Dowd; Gerritz, Kalle

    1990-01-01

    Differential item functioning (DIF) methodology for revealing sources of item difficulty and performance characteristics of different groups was explored. A total of 150 Scholastic Aptitude Test items and 132 Graduate Record Examination general test items were analyzed. DIF was evaluated for males and females and Blacks and Whites. (SLD)

  18. The Interrelations between Diagrammatic Representations and Verbal Explanations in Learning from Social Science Texts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guri-Rozenblit, Sarah

    1988-01-01

    Describes study that examined the instructional effectiveness of abstract diagrams and verbal explanations in learning from social science texts. The control and treatment groups of adult learners at Everyman's University (Israel) are described, verbal and visual aptitude tests are explained, and results are analyzed. (25 references) (Author/LRW)

  19. Thoughts on Expertise.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Glaser, Robert

    This paper briefly reviews research on tasks in knowledge-rich domains including developmental studies, work in artificial intelligence, studies of expert/novice problem solving, and information processing analysis of aptitude test tasks that have provided increased understanding of the nature of expertise. Particularly evident is the finding that…

  20. Stability of yam starch gels during processing | Amani | African ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    To evaluate their aptitude to be used as functional ingredients, twenty one varieties of yam starches of Côte d'Ivoire were submitted to different technological stress such as high temperature treatment, long term freezing and refrigeration, high speed shearing and acidic treatment, in comparison with commercial modified ...

  1. A Comparative Study of a Research-Oriented High School Advanced Biology Class and a Conventional Textbook-Centered Class.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, Alva Nelson

    Two instructional methods were identified and compared to determine if any significant differences could be noted on three criterion measures. Measurements were conducted in the areas of achievement in biology, science attitudes, and critical thinking ability. Student ability was measured using pre-tests and the Scholastic Aptitude Test. Students…

  2. 45 CFR 400.154 - Employability services.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ...) Employability assessment services, including aptitude and skills testing. (c) On-the job training, when such... driver education and training when provided as part of an individual employability plan. (f) Skills... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Employability services. 400.154 Section 400.154...

  3. 49 CFR 1546.405 - Qualifications of screening personnel.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    .... (e) A screener must have basic aptitudes and physical abilities including color perception, visual... screening equipment must be able to distinguish each color displayed on every type of screening equipment and explain what each color signifies. (3) Screeners must be able to hear and respond to the spoken...

  4. Design and Validation of a Straight-Copy Typewriting Prognostic Test Using Kinesthetic Sensitivity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Olson, Norma Jean

    1979-01-01

    Describes the development and application of a kinesthetic sensitivity test to determine whether it is a valid and reliable measure of straight-copy typing speed and accuracy. The author states that this kinesthetic sensitivity instrument may be used as a prognostic aptitude test and recommends administration methods. (MF)

  5. Le Grand Age en Afrique The Elderly Population in Africa (Francais ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Analysis of the results showed that the general status of health, the mental status, the personality, the hand coordination and posture, the daily behavior and the humor were preserved overall. Activities of daily living, instrument aptitude, nocturnal behavior and sense of achievement in life were moderately preserved, where ...

  6. Applying Item Response Theory Methods to Examine the Impact of Different Response Formats

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hohensinn, Christine; Kubinger, Klaus D.

    2011-01-01

    In aptitude and achievement tests, different response formats are usually used. A fundamental distinction must be made between the class of multiple-choice formats and the constructed response formats. Previous studies have examined the impact of different response formats applying traditional statistical approaches, but these influences can also…

  7. Attending Behavior: Commonalities and Differences Among Educable Retarded, Learning Disabled, and Emotionally Handicapped Juvenile Delinquents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hill, Nancy C.; And Others

    The study investigated three variables--juvenile delinquency, academic achievement, and attention span--with 77 incarcerated juveniles [18 emotionally handicapped (EH), 20 learning disabled (LD), 19 educable mentally retarded (EMR), and 20 nonidentified]. The Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude were used for testing in the areas of visual and…

  8. Academic Attributes of College Freshmen that Lead to Success in Actuarial Studies in a Business College

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, Richard Manning; Schumacher, Phyllis

    2006-01-01

    The authors studied beginning undergraduate actuarial concentrators in a business college. They identified four variables (math Scholastic Aptitude Test [SAT] score, verbal SAT score, percentile rank in high school graduating class, and percentage score on a college mathematics placement exam) that were available for entering college students that…

  9. Empirically Based Myths: Astrology, Biorhythms, and ATIs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ragsdale, Ronald G.

    1980-01-01

    A myth may have an empirical basis through chance occurrence; perhaps Aptitude Treatment Interactions (ATIs) are in this category. While ATIs have great utility in describing, planning, and implementing instruction, few disordinal interactions have been found. Article suggests narrowing of ATI research with replications and estimates of effect…

  10. Lipase kinetics: hydrolysis of triacetin by lipase from Candida cylindracea in a hollow-fiber membrane reactor

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Guit, R.P.M.; Kloosterman, M.; Meindersma, G.W.; Mayer, M.; Meijer, E.M.

    1991-01-01

    The aptitude of a hollow-fiber membrane reactor to det. lipase kinetics was investigated using the hydrolysis of triacetin catalyzed by lipase from C. cylindracea as a model system. The binding of the lipase to the membrane appears not to be very specific (surface adsorption), and probably its

  11. Selection criteria for a radiography programme in South Africa ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background: Selection criteria used to admit students to a radiography programme at the Central University of Technology (CUT) included academic criteria, as well as the General Scholastic Aptitude Test (GSAT) and Self-directed Search (SDS) Questionnaire. Aims and objectives: The aim of the study was to identify which ...

  12. Time Limits in Testing: An Analysis of Eye Movements and Visual Attention in Spatial Problem Solving

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roach, Victoria A.; Fraser, Graham M.; Kryklywy, James H.; Mitchell, Derek G. V.; Wilson, Timothy D.

    2017-01-01

    Individuals with an aptitude for interpreting spatial information (high mental rotation ability: HMRA) typically master anatomy with more ease, and more quickly, than those with low mental rotation ability (LMRA). This article explores how visual attention differs with time limits on spatial reasoning tests. Participants were assorted to two…

  13. 7 CFR 15b.24 - Evaluation and placement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... as best to ensure that, when a test is administered to a student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or achievement level or..., manual or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test purports to measure...

  14. On the Need for Quality Control in Validation Research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maier, Milton H.

    1988-01-01

    Validated aptitude tests used to help make personnel decisions about military recruits against hands-on tests of job performance in radio repairers and automotive mechanics. Data were filled with errors, reducing accuracy of validity coefficients. Discusses how validity coefficients can be made more accurate by exercising quality control during…

  15. Learned Helplessness in the Classroom: Some Good News and Some Bad.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dickens, Wenda J.; Perry, Raymond P.

    The effects of amount of exposure to response/outcome independence and teacher expressiveness on student ratings of the instructor, achievement test performance, and attribution items were studied. University students completed an aptitude test that provided contingent or noncontingent feedback and varied in length (short, medium, or long). All…

  16. Appreciative Assessment: Inquire!

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neal, Mary-Anne

    2012-01-01

    Appreciative Inquiry builds on positive experiences to spark positive change; appreciative assessment is all about helping students find and build on their unique abilities and aptitudes by providing positive, supportive feedback with a focus on capabilities and possibilities. Positive stories and anecdotes about best learning practices are the…

  17. Analysis of Aptitude, Training, and Job Performance Measures

    Science.gov (United States)

    1982-02-01

    provisions have been made for students with unsatisfactory performance to be " recycled ", that is, to retake a module or part of a course (e.g., 2841, Marine...clear, simple language o questions avoided trivia , and were related to task performance o response choices were parallel and realistic. The assessment

  18. Psychological aptitude evaluation of the special forces candidate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Genoni, Luca; Jelmini, F; Lang, M; Muggli, F

    2017-02-01

    Changes in recruitment procedures reduced early dismissal rates from Swiss military basic recruitment schools; however, such improvements were not reflected in premature discharge rates from the special forces (SF) (Grenadier) recruitment school. A six-item questionnaire designed to identify recruits likely to be subject to premature dismissal on psychological or psychiatric grounds was developed and prospectively validated. The questionnaire was based on an analysis of medical and psychiatric/psychological records of 26 recruits dismissed from a SF recruitment school. Six items were identified that appeared to have prognostic value for early discharge. These six questions were submitted to the remaining applicants in the recruitment school by a suitably qualified psychologist or psychiatrist and effectively identified candidates who would be discharged early. Based on these results a 0-6 scale was developed and applied prospectively to subsequent Grenadier recruitment courses. Statistical analysis showed that 75% of candidates with the lowest scores would eventually complete the course and that no candidates with highest scores would subsequently complete the recruitment course. Prospective studies in subsequent recruitment courses candidates with high scores were classified as not qualified to enter the course, and those with intermediate scores were subject to additional in-depth interviews with a psychologist or psychiatrist to determine their suitability. In the following courses a correlation was established between the questionnaire score and week of discharge for those discharged. Application of this method during subsequent recruitment courses has reduced early dismissal from Swiss SF recruitment schools. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

  19. La valoración de la profesión, del trabajo, de la ocupación, y de las tareas en el procedimiento de valoración de la capacidad laboral en materia de seguridad social

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Manuel Vicente Pardo

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available La valoración profesional es pieza capital en la valoración de la capacidad laboral en el trabajo en las inspecciones médicas del Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social, ya que nuestro sistema de valoración de la capacidad/incapacidad laboral es esencialmente laboral o profesional, precisando valorar las limitaciones funcionales u orgánicas en relación de su carácter incapacitante respecto de las funciones que su trabajo o el trabajo en general. En este artículo se exponen los aspectos básicos en la valoración profesional o laboral, repasando los conceptos de Profesión, Capacidad Laboral, Requerimientos laborales, Aptitud, Capacitado, Incapacitado, así como el procedimiento en Valoración de la Capacidad Laboral, y una reseña al criterio de calificación profesional y al específico de la profesión habitual. Si bien es urgente la definición, en nuestro sistema de seguridad social establecer una actualización y definición de las aptitudes a valorar, y del concepto de profesión, ocupación, trabajo y tareas. Así como implantar una metodología de valoración debidamente contrastada y normalizada, tanto con su referencia normativa que proceda, como por su uso extensivo, como por su contraste científico validado. Conclusiones: Para una correcta valoración de la capacidad laboral, urge una metodología de valoración debidamente contrastada y normalizada, tanto por su referencia a publicación normada, como por su uso extensivo, como por su contraste científico validado. La valoración de las aptitudes o capacidades laborales requeridas por el trabajo necesita establecer un sistema común y una actualización y definición de las aptitudes a valorar, y del concepto de profesión, ocupación, trabajo y tareas. Es por tanto esencial precisar qué valoramos y cómo lo hacemos, en la valoración "profesional" o de la "capacidad laboral" u "ocupacional" o del "trabajo" en nuestro actual marco del sistema de seguridad social, y

  20. What Do K-12 Students Feel When Dealing with Technology and Engineering Issues? Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory Implications in Technology Lessons for Motivating Engineering Vocations at Spanish Secondary School

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sánchez-Martín, Jesús; Álvarez-Gragera, García J.; Dávila-Acedo, M. Antonia; Mellado, Vicente

    2017-01-01

    The interest on engineering and scientific studies can be raised up even from the early years of academic instructional process. This vocation may be linked to emotions and aptitudes towards technological education. Particularly, students get in touch with these technological issues (namely STEM) during the Compulsory Secondary Education in Spain…

  1. Thermodynamic and relative approach to compute glass-forming

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    This study deals with the evaluation of glass-forming ability (GFA) of oxides and is a critical reading of Sun and Rawson thermodynamic approach to quantify this aptitude. Both approaches are adequate but ambiguous regarding the behaviour of some oxides (tendency to amorphization or crystallization). Indeed, ZrO2 and ...

  2. Gum chewing improves adolescents’ math performance in an SAT preparatory course

    Science.gov (United States)

    The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of gum chewing on students’ performance in a preparatory course for the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). A total of 182 adolescents enrolled in an SAT preparatory class were randomized into one of two treatments: 1) gum chewing condition (G...

  3. Governing by Testing: Circulation, Psychometric Knowledge, Experts and the "Alliance for Progress" in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alarcón, Cristina

    2015-01-01

    This paper analyzes the activities, members, and effects of an inter-American expert network for the diffusion of psychometric knowledge, specifically of standardized aptitude testing for university admission in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s. Within the framework of educational transfer studies, the role of international,…

  4. Mathematics for Vocational Students in France and England: Contrasting Provision and Consequences. Discussion Paper No. 23.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wolf, Alison

    French postsecondary education for 16- to 19-year-olds is divided into programs that lead to the Baccalaureats--general, technical, and vocational--and to the lower-level Certificat d'Aptitude Professionnel (CAP) and Brevet d'Etudes Professionnelles (BEP). A common mathematics core curriculum is specified for all CAP students, regardless of…

  5. Analysis of Frequency of Tests and Varying Feedback Delays in College Mathematics Achievement

    Science.gov (United States)

    Townsend, Neal R.; Wheatley, Grayson H.

    1975-01-01

    Sixteen beginning analytic geometry and calculus classes (442 students) followed eight testing regimes for one academic quarter. Three aptitude subgroups were identified in each class. Classes to which daily quizzes were given achieved significantly higher on a specially constructed test than those which had only a single midterm examination.…

  6. The Use of the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ) for Establishing the Job Component Validity of Tests. Report No. 5. Final Report.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCormick, Ernest J.; And Others

    The Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ), a structured job analysis questionnaire that provides for the analysis of individual jobs in terms of each of 187 job elements, was used to establish the job component validity of certain commercially-available vocational aptitude tests. Prior to the general analyses reported here, a statistical analysis…

  7. Prescriptive Teaching from the DTLA.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Banas, Norma; Wills, I. H.

    1979-01-01

    The article (Part 2 of a series) discusses the Auditory Attention Span for Unrelated Words and the Visual Attention Span for Objects subtests of the Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude. Skills measured and related factors influencing performance are among aspects considered. Suggestions for remediating deficits and capitalizing on strengths are…

  8. VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE TEACHER MORALE STUDY--A COMPARISON OF SELECTED FACTORS IN SCHOOLS WHERE THE MORALE OF VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE TEACHERS IS "HIGH" WITH SCHOOLS WHERE THE MORALE OF VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE TEACHERS IS "LOW".

    Science.gov (United States)

    BENTLEY, RALPH R.; REMPEL, AVERNO M.

    A STUDY WAS UNDERTAKEN TO DETERMINE WHETHER DIFFERENCES EXISTED WITH RESPECT TO STUDENT ATTITUDE TOWARD THEIR TEACHER, FEELINGS ABOUT SCHOOL WORK PROBLEMS, AND ACADEMIC APTITUDE BETWEEN VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENTS IN WHICH TEACHER MORALE WAS HIGH AND THOSE IN WHICH TEACHER MORALE WAS LOW. THE TEACHER SAMPLE INCLUDED 21 WITH THE HIGHEST…

  9. Differential Gender Performance on the Major Field Test-Business

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bielinska-Kwapisz, Agnieszka; Brown, F. William

    2013-01-01

    The Major Field Test in Business (MFT-B), a standardized assessment test of business knowledge among undergraduate business seniors, is widely used to measure student achievement. Many previous studies analyzing scores on the MFT-B report gender differences on the exam even after controlling for student's aptitude, general intellectual ability,…

  10. IQ of Four-Year-Olds Who Go on to Develop Dyslexia

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Bergen, Elsje; de Jong, Peter F.; Maassen, Ben; Krikhaar, Evelien; Plakas, Anna; van der Leij, Aryan

    2014-01-01

    Do children who go on to develop dyslexia show normal verbal and nonverbal development before reading onset? According to the aptitude-achievement discrepancy model, dyslexia is defined as a discrepancy between intelligence and reading achievement. One of the underlying assumptions is that the general cognitive development of children who fail to…

  11. 45 CFR 84.35 - Evaluation and placement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-10-01

    ... are selected and administered so as best to ensure that, when a test is administered to a student with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills, the test results accurately reflect the student's aptitude or... impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills (except where those skills are the factors that the test...

  12. Are Spatial Visualization Abilities Relevant to Virtual Reality?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Chwen Jen

    2006-01-01

    This study aims to investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR)-based learning environment on learners of different spatial visualization abilities. The findings of the aptitude-by-treatment interaction study have shown that learners benefit most from the Guided VR mode, irrespective of their spatial visualization abilities. This indicates that…

  13. Profile of the Successful Recruiter

    Science.gov (United States)

    1987-06-01

    Business Decisionmakers, Brady Communications Company, Inc., New York, N.Y.: a Simon and Schuster Publishing Company, 1986. 7. Basden , Andrew, "On the...Navy’s enlisted entrance test; Sales Aptitude Battery/16PF-m test score (SABX); rate; age. 104 14. Author: Arima, James K. (April 1976) Title: A Systems

  14. Women in Business: Influences on the Undergraduate Major Choices

    Science.gov (United States)

    Geyfman, Victoria; Force, Christina M.; Davis, Laura M.

    2015-01-01

    This study employs a survey of undergraduate business school freshmen to examine factors that influence their decision to study business and whether these factors differ by gender. Specifically, the study examines internal factors, such as students' perceived aptitudes and interests in the subject; external factors, such as compensation and job…

  15. Regulation of Emotions in Socially Challenging Learning Situations: An Instrument to Measure the Adaptive and Social Nature of the Regulation Process

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jarvenoja, Hanna; Volet, Simone; Jarvela, Sanna

    2013-01-01

    Self-regulated learning (SRL) research has conventionally relied on measures, which treat SRL as an aptitude. To study self-regulation and motivation in learning contexts as an ongoing adaptive process, situation-specific methods are needed in addition to static measures. This article presents an "Adaptive Instrument for Regulation of Emotions"…

  16. What Motivates Females and Males to Pursue Careers in Mathematics and Science?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eccles, Jacquelynne S.; Wang, Ming-Te

    2016-01-01

    Drawing on Eccles' expectancy-value model of achievement-related choices, we examined the personal aptitudes and motivational beliefs at 12th grade that move individuals toward or away from science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations at age 29. In the first set of analyses, occupational and lifestyle values, math ability…

  17. Research in Early Childhood Music and Movement Education.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stellaccio, Cherie K.; McCarthy, Marie

    Because intuitive aptitude for music stabilizes at about age 9 years, the early childhood years are critical to the development of children's potential for comprehending and producing music. This literature review centers on studies that have expanded knowledge of how young children perform, perceive, and create music and thus develop their…

  18. Profits in a Non-Profit World: Celebrating Entrepreneurship in the Community College

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roueche, John E.; Jones, Barbara R.

    2005-01-01

    Community colleges have a natural aptitude for entrepreneurship and are best positioned to take advantage of emerging opportunities. The unique challenges of this new millennium--perhaps at the top of the list, declining state support and increasing student enrollment--prompt college leaders to embrace the critical need for creative and innovative…

  19. Grade Inflation Rates among Different Ability Students, Controlling for Other Factors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mc Spirit, Stephanie; Jones, Kirk E.

    1999-01-01

    Compared grade inflation rates among students of different abilities at an open-admissions public university by examining trends in graduating grade point average from 1983 to 1996. The higher grade inflation rates among low aptitude students suggest that faculty might be using grades to encourage learning among marginal students. (SLD)

  20. Legal Client Counseling for Sharia Law Students: An Innovative Approach toward Increasing Professionalism in Sharia Counseling

    Science.gov (United States)

    Samuri, Mohd Al-Adib; Wahab, Norazla Abdul; Kusrin, Zuliza Mohd; Muda, Mohd Zamro; Manap, Norhoneydayatie Abdul

    2013-01-01

    One of the issues that often circulates among newly recruited Sharia lawyers is the lack of the required capability or aptitude to be a Sharia counsel, especially when conducting legal counseling with clients. The Department of Sharia law, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), must play an important role in preparing…

  1. AN INVESTIGATION OF ITEM BIAS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    CLEARY, T. ANNE; HILTON, THOMAS L.

    THE PURPOSE OF THIS INVESTIGATION WAS TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE PRELIMINARY SCHOLASTIC APTITUDE TEST PRESENTED A DIFFERENTIAL DIFFICULTY FOR RACIAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC GROUPS. THE SUBJECTS WERE TWO GROUPS TOTALING 1,410 NEGRO AND WHITE HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS IN AN INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL WHO HAD TAKEN THE TEST. THEY WERE DIVIDED INTO THREE SOCIOECONOMIC…

  2. Imitation Assessment and Its Utility to the Diagnosis of Autism: Evidence from Consecutive Clinical Preschool Referrals for Suspected Autism

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vanvuchelen, Marleen; Roeyers, Herbert; De Weerdt, Willy

    2011-01-01

    The present study sought to examine imitation difficulties as a risk factor for autism. Imitation aptitude was examined in 86 preschoolers suspected of autism (1.9-4.5 years) using the Preschool Imitation and Praxis Scale (PIPS). Differences between imitation, language, motor age-equivalents and nonverbal mental age were used to predict the…

  3. Preparing Social Work Students for Integrated Health Care: Results from a National Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Held, Mary Lehman; Mallory, Kim Crane; Cummings, Sherry

    2017-01-01

    Integrated health care serves a vital role in addressing interrelated physical and behavioral health conditions, but social work graduates often lack sufficient training to work on integrated teams. We surveyed 94 deans of master's of social work programs to assess the current and planned integrated health care curricula and the aptitude of…

  4. Supporting Alternative Strategies for Learning Chemical Applications of Group Theory

    Science.gov (United States)

    Southam, Daniel C.; Lewis, Jennifer E.

    2013-01-01

    A group theory course for chemists was taught entirely with process oriented guided inquiry learning (POGIL) to facilitate alternative strategies for learning. Students completed a test of one aspect of visuospatial aptitude to determine their individual approaches to solving spatial tasks, and were sorted into groups for analysis on the basis of…

  5. Finding the Key to Successful L2 Learning in Groups and Individuals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lowie, Wander; van Dijk, Marijn; Chan, Huiping; Verspoor, Marjolijn

    2017-01-01

    A large body studies into individual differences in second language learning has shown that success in second language learning is strongly affected by a set of relevant learner characteristics ranging from the age of onset to motivation, aptitude, and personality. Most studies have concentrated on a limited number of learner characteristics and…

  6. Twenty-one Ways to Develop Esprit De Corps Among Your Student Officials.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kovalakides, Nick

    Student officials for intramural sports can be given special training to enhance their aptitude in the field, but their attitude is more difficult to develop. This paper suggests 21 ways to develop attitude among student officials. Some of the suggestions are: Athletic departments should emphasize the role of the official in the intramural…

  7. Language Testing: The State of the Art. An Online Interview with James Dean Brown

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brown, James Dean; Salmani Nodoushan, Mohammad Ali

    2015-01-01

    In this interview, JD Brown reflects on language testing/assessment. He suggests that language testing can be seen as a continuum with hard core positivist approaches at one end and post modernist interpretive perspectives at the other, and also argues that norm referencing (be it proficiency, placement, or aptitude testing) and criterion…

  8. The Prediction of Job Ability Requirements Using Attribute Data Based Upon the Position Analysis Questionnaire (PAQ). Technical Report No. 1.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shaw, James B.; McCormick, Ernest J.

    The study was directed towards the further exploration of the use of attribute ratings as the basis for establishing the job component validity of tests, in particular by using different methods of combining "attribute-based" data with "job analysis" data to form estimates of the aptitude requirements of jobs. The primary focus…

  9. A Survey of International Practice in University Admissions Testing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Edwards, Daniel; Coates, Hamish; Friedman, Tim

    2012-01-01

    This paper explores how admissions tests are used in different higher education systems around the world. This is a relatively new area of research, despite the fact that admissions processes are a key component of university practices and given the ever increasing globalisation of higher education. This paper shows that aptitude and achievement…

  10. THE EFFECT OF A COLLEGIATE RETAILING PROGRAM UPON SUBSEQUENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT.

    Science.gov (United States)

    LARSON, ROGER A.

    STUDENTS WHO HAD COMPLETED THE RETAILING PROGRAM IN 1959-61 AND OTHER GROUPS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA GENERAL COLLEGE WERE COMPARED WITH RESPECT TO BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPERIENCE PATTERNS. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO GROUPS WERE NOT SIGNIFICANT IN HIGH SCHOOL RANK, A COLLEGE APTITUDE TEST, AND AN ENGLISH TEST. IN THE…

  11. A Summary of an Assessment of Fourth and Sixth Grade Basic Skills.

    Science.gov (United States)

    CTB / McGraw-Hill, Monterey, CA.

    A comprehensive assessment was made of the status of elementary education in Missouri in reading, mathematics, language, and study skills. The Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills (CTBS) and the Short Form Test of Academic Aptitude (SFTAA) were administered to a sample of Missouri fourth and sixth graders. For each curricular area, Missouri…

  12. Parent's Guide to Understanding Tests.

    Science.gov (United States)

    CTB / McGraw-Hill, Monterey, CA.

    This brief introduction to testing is geared to parents. Types of tests are defined, such as standardized tests, achievement tests, norm referenced tests, criterion referenced tests, and aptitude tests. Various types of scores (grade equivalent, percentile rank, and stanine are also defined, and the uses made of tests by administrators, teachers,…

  13. A Study of Career Planning Assessments

    OpenAIRE

    Firkola, Peter

    2007-01-01

    This paper provides an overview of career planning assessments. Background on key career concepts is first introduced. A number of career planning assessments are then examined. These assessments included reviewing ones personal history, interest inventories, values assessments, personality assessments, and aptitude tests. The importance and limitations of these career assessments is then discussed.

  14. Are Learning Styles Relevant to Virtual Reality?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Chwen Jen; Toh, Seong Chong; Ismail, Wan Mohd Fauzy Wan

    2005-01-01

    This study aims to investigate the effects of a virtual reality (VR)-based learning environment on learners with different learning styles. The findings of the aptitude-by-treatment interaction study have shown that learners benefit most from the VR (guided exploration) mode, irrespective of their learning styles. This shows that the VR-based…

  15. Home Schooled Adults: Are They Ready for College?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Galloway, Rhonda A. Scott

    This study investigated home school graduates' potential for success in college by comparing their performance with that of students who had graduated from conventional public and private schools. The basis for comparison was student aptitude for college English as measured by the American College Testing (ACT) English sub-score and the ACT…

  16. A Closer Examination of the Academic Benefits of AP

    Science.gov (United States)

    McKillip, Mary E. M.; Rawls, Anita

    2013-01-01

    The authors sought to better understand the relationship between students participating in the Advanced Placement (AP) program and subsequent performance on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). Focusing on students graduating from U.S. public high schools in 2010, the authors used propensity scores to match junior year AP examinees in 3 subjects to…

  17. An Overview of Dyscalculia: Methods for Ascertaining and Accommodating Dyscalculic Children in the Classroom

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michaelson, Matthew Thomas

    2007-01-01

    For many children, mathematics is an inherently difficult subject to learn. Between 5 and 8 percent of children between the ages of 6 and 14 have a particular type of cognitive deficiency that limits their aptitude to acquire knowledge and understanding of fundamental ideas in numeracy. Increasingly, researchers in the cognitive sciences are…

  18. The Practical Implication of Comparing How Adults with and without Intellectual Disability Respond to Music

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hooper, Jeff; Wigram, Tony; Carson, Derek; Lindsay, Bill

    2011-01-01

    Previous researchers who compared how people with, and without, an intellectual disability respond to music focused on musical aptitude, but not on arousal. This paper presents the background, methodology, and results of a study that selected fifteen different pieces of music, and compared the arousal response of adults with (n = 48), and without…

  19. Automated Assessment of Non-Native Learner Essays: Investigating the Role of Linguistic Features

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vajjala, Sowmya

    2018-01-01

    Automatic essay scoring (AES) refers to the process of scoring free text responses to given prompts, considering human grader scores as the gold standard. Writing such essays is an essential component of many language and aptitude exams. Hence, AES became an active and established area of research, and there are many proprietary systems used in…

  20. Summary of Score Changes (in other Tests).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cleary, T. Anne; McCandless, Sam A.

    Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores have declined during the last 14 years. Similar score declines have been observed in many different testing programs, many groups, and tested areas. The declines, while not large in any given year, have been consistent over time, area, and group. The period around 1965 is critical for the interpretation of…

  1. Developing an Integrated and Comprehensive Training Strategy for Public Sector Leaders: The French Experience

    Science.gov (United States)

    Larat, Fabrice

    2017-01-01

    Because of their tasks and their high level of responsibilities, leadership aptitudes, besides managerial competences, are key for civil servants who will occupy top positions. The institutions in charge of their training and education must not only provide the leaders of tomorrow with the knowledge and skills they need to do their current job…

  2. An Experience of "Yes": Independent Schools Begin to Explore and Exploit the Power of Design Thinking

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gow, Peter

    2012-01-01

    The inkling was there all along. Back in 2005, in "A Whole New Mind," author Daniel Pink included design--"utility enhanced by significance"--as an essential aptitude for the 21st-century learner. Some attentive independent school educators began looking around. If forward-thinking independent schools are to produce new minds, they maintained,…

  3. The choice of Morbid Anatomy as a career by medical ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    These are determined by factors like: natural interest (44.6%) possibilities of job satisfaction (17.2%) humanitarian drive (12.7%) personal convenience (5.1%) and gender issue (7.6%). Others include quality of teaching and financial reward (3.2% each), personal aptitude (2.6%) and family influence (0.6%). 1.3% of the ...

  4. Shirts and Shoes Required, Sheepskin Optional?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weldy Boyd, Amanda C.

    2011-01-01

    The author challenges the current trend of seeing college as mandatory and questions whether schools and students alike might be better served by academic administrators, parents, and other well-meaning role models acknowledging that education has many forms, and that not every student will have the same aptitude or investment in the outcome.…

  5. Measuring Language Mindsets and Modeling Their Relations with Goal Orientations and Emotional and Behavioral Responses in Failure Situations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lou, Nigel Mantou; Noels, Kimberly A.

    2017-01-01

    Some people ascribe successful language learning to an innate aptitude that cannot be further developed, at least after a certain young age (i.e., an entity mindset), while other people believe that language learning ability can be improved (i.e., an incremental mindset). The purpose of this research is to (a) introduce the Language Mindsets…

  6. The effects of two EFL (English as a foreign language) teaching approaches studied by the cotwin control method: a comparative study of the communicative and the grammatical approaches.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ando, J

    1992-01-01

    The present study compared two different types of English-language teaching approaches, the grammatical approach (GA) and the communicative approach (CA), by the cotwin control method. This study has two purposes: to study the effects of teaching approaches and to estimate genetic influences upon learning aptitudes. Seven pairs of identical twins (MZ) and 4 pairs of fraternal twins (DZ) participated in the experiment along with 68 other nontwin fifth graders. Each cotwin was assigned to the GA and CA respectively and received 20 hours of lessons over a 10-day period. The behavioral similarities between MZ cotwins were statistically and descriptively depicted. No major effect of either teaching approach was noted, but the genetic influence upon individual differences of learning achievement was obvious. Furthermore, an interesting interaction between the teaching approaches and intelligence was found, that is, that the GA capitalises on and CA compensates for intelligence. This interactional pattern could be interpreted as an example of genotype-environment interaction. The relationship between genetic factors and learning aptitudes is discussed.

  7. Experimental testing of constructivism and related theories.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fidelman, U

    1991-10-01

    The purpose of this article is to show that experimental scientific methods can be applied to explain how the analytic mechanism of the left cerebral hemisphere and the synthetic mechanism of the right one create complex cognitive constructions like ontology and mathematics. Nominalism and ordinal mathematical concepts are related to the analytic left hemisphere while Platonism and cardinal mathematical concepts are related to the synthetic right one. Thus persons with a dominant left hemisphere tend to prefer nominalist ontology and have more aptitude for ordinal mathematics than for cardinal mathematics, while persons with a dominant right hemisphere tend to prefer platonist ontology and have more aptitude for cardinal mathematics than for ordinal mathematics. It is further explained how the Kantism temporal mode of perceiving experience can be related to the left hemisphere while the Kantian spatial mode of perceiving experience can be related to the right hemisphere. This relation can be tested experimentally, thus the Kantian source of constructivism, and through it constructivism itself, can be tested experimentally.

  8. Study and optimization of the composite nuclear fuel with burnable poison UO2/Gd2O3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Balestrieri, D.

    1995-09-01

    The studied composite ceramics is a nuclear fuel constituted of a uranium dioxide matrix UO 2 in which big grains (or 'macro-masses') of gadolinium oxide (Gd 2 O 3 ) of 300 ± 100 μm of diameter (mass fraction of 12%) are dispersed. Used as burnable poison (neutron absorbent whose action disappears progressively during the irradiation), gadolinium oxide is the object of a particular attention because some of its properties as the crystal structure, the aptitude to sintering and the thermomechanical behavior have been studied. The aim of this work is to perfect and optimize the process of manufacture of the composite in order to answer to accurate specifications for the density, the shape and the mass fraction of macro-masses. In this framework, it has been necessary to strengthen the Gd 2 O 3 macro-masses by a thermal treatment in order to avoid their deformation during the uniaxial pressing. The influence of this pre-consolidation on the ended microstructure, the aptitude to sintering and the thermal conductivity of the composite have been studied. (O.M.)

  9. Higher clinical performance during a surgical clerkship is independently associated with matriculation of medical students into general surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Daly, Shaun C; Deal, Rebecca A; Rinewalt, Daniel E; Francescatti, Amanda B; Luu, Minh B; Millikan, Keith W; Anderson, Mary C; Myers, Jonathan A

    2014-04-01

    The purpose of our study was to determine the predictive impact of individual academic measures for the matriculation of senior medical students into a general surgery residency. Academic records were evaluated for third-year medical students (n = 781) at a single institution between 2004 and 2011. Cohorts were defined by student matriculation into either a general surgery residency program (n = 58) or a non-general surgery residency program (n = 723). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate independently significant academic measures. Clinical evaluation raw scores were predictive of general surgery matriculation (P = .014). In addition, multivariate modeling showed lower United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores to be independently associated with matriculation into general surgery (P = .007). Superior clinical aptitude is independently associated with general surgical matriculation. This is in contrast to the negative correlation United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores have on general surgery matriculation. Recognizing this, surgical clerkship directors can offer opportunities for continued surgical education to students showing high clinical aptitude, increasing their likelihood of surgical matriculation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. The Entrance of Women into the Teaching Profession in Spain (1855-1940)

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Gabriel, Narciso

    2014-01-01

    The admission of women to the teaching field was conditioned by many different circumstances that varied depending on time and place. This article will examine the evolution of this process in Spain in an attempt to identify some of the contributing factors: a patriarchal mentality which held that women had a special aptitude for teaching; a…

  11. Effects of Modality and Redundancy Principles on the Learning and Attitude of a Computer-Based Music Theory Lesson among Jordanian Primary Pupils

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aldalalah, Osamah Ahmad; Fong, Soon Fook

    2010-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of modality and redundancy principles on the attitude and learning of music theory among primary pupils of different aptitudes in Jordan. The lesson of music theory was developed in three different modes, audio and image (AI), text with image (TI) and audio with image and text (AIT). The…

  12. Generation Y students: Appropriate learning styles and teaching ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Generation Y students (born after 1982) have developed a different set of attitudes and aptitudes as a result of growing up in an IT and media-rich environment. This article has two objectives: firstly to discuss the learning styles preferred by generation Y students in order to identify the effect of these preferences on tertiary ...

  13. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences - Vol 6 ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Croissance et aptitude au greffage de deux génotypes d'anacardier (Anacardium occidentale L.) élites utilisés comme porte–greffe en Côte d'Ivoire · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. J-BA Djaha, AA N'daadopo, EK Koffi, CK Ballo, M Coulibaly, 1453- ...

  14. Building the Vocational Phase of the Computerized Motor Skills Testing System for Use in the Electronics and Electrical Engineering Group and Hospitality Group

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hsiao, Hsien-Sheng; Chen, Jyun-Chen; Hong, Kunde

    2016-01-01

    Technical and vocational education emphasizes the development and training of hand motor skills. However, some problems exist in the current career and aptitude tests in that they do not truly measure the hand motor skills. This study used the Nintendo Wii Remote Controller as the testing device in developing a set of computerized testing tools to…

  15. Preparing for the SAT: A Review

    Science.gov (United States)

    Appelrouth, Jed I.; Zabrucky, Karen M.

    2017-01-01

    In 2016, more than 1.6 million students took the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), a standardized college admissions test (College Board 2016a). Researchers have estimated that 33 percent of students who take the SAT participate in some mode of formal test preparation, such as private tutoring or classes, to prepare for the exam (Buchmann, Condron…

  16. Technology Trumping Sleep: Impact of Electronic Media and Sleep in Late Adolescent Students

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moulin, Kerry L.; Chung, Chia-Jung

    2017-01-01

    The purpose of this research study was to explore with what impact evening media use interfered with either schoolwork and/or sufficient healthy sleep. In addition, the study examined with what impact there may be a compromise in students' ability or aptitude for positive academic success, related to either lack of sleep or electronic media use.…

  17. Generation Y Students: Appropriate Learning Styles and Teaching Approaches in the Economic and Management Sciences Faculty

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wessels, P. L.; Steenkamp, L. P.

    2009-01-01

    Generation Y students (born after 1982) have developed a different set of attitudes and aptitudes as a result of growing up in an IT and media-rich environment. This article has two objectives: firstly to discuss the learning styles preferred by generation Y students in order to identify the effect of these preferences on tertiary education in…

  18. The Flynn Effect: A Quantitative Commentary on Modernity and Human Intelligence

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clark, Cameron M.; Lawlor-Savage, Linette; Goghari, Vina M.

    2016-01-01

    Average intelligence quotient (IQ) scores have been rising throughout the 20th century and likely before--a pattern now known as the Flynn effect. The central thesis of this paper is that the Flynn effect does not represent genuine increases in general intelligence but rather an increasing aptitude for the types of modern thinking that modern life…

  19. Buckle up--Curves Ahead: New Tools for 21st-Century Strategic Planning

    Science.gov (United States)

    Glendinning, Matt

    2014-01-01

    Thinking critically about the future is a mainstay of best practice in any organization, and an important aptitude for school leaders, yet many feel as if the world is changing too rapidly for traditional methods and timelines to be effective. As a result, many organizations are transitioning away from discrete moments of strategic planning and,…

  20. In Memoriam Books

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    the MASA was to assist with and to co-ordinate the work of the Central Committee for Contract Practice - a task for which he showed outstanding aptitUde and enthusiasm, thus making the task of both the. Committee and the Federal Council that much easier and more effective. Or Marchand should without doubt, be seen as ...

  1. Owning and Operating a Small Business. A Guide for Industrial Cooperative Training Programs. Learning Activity Package No. 14.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Braden, Robert P.; Remzi, Kerim

    This learning activity package (LAP) on starting a small business is designed for student self-study. It will help students learn about their aptitudes and abilities as well as about the basics of running a small business. Following a list of learning objectives, the LAP contains a pretest (answer key provided at the end of the LAP). Ten learning…

  2. Measuring Noncommissioned Officer Knowledge and Experience to Enable Tailored Training

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-11-01

    both that learning related individual differences exist (Jensen, 1998; Thorndike , 1985) and that these individual differences interact with learning...robustly predictive of broad psychological constructs (Goska & Ackerman, 1996; Gottfredson, 1998; Jensen, 1998; Thorndike , 1985). However, general...Aptitude theory: yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Educational Psychologist, 27 (1), 5-32. Thorndike , R. L. (1985). The central role of general

  3. Superficial evolution and compacting aptitude of uranium dioxide powders

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Danroc, J.

    1982-04-01

    Long term storage of UO 2 powder improves slightly shaping and solidity of compacted powder. The aim of this work is the study of material evolution and the increase of this evolution rate for application to industrial fabrication. Aging in wet air at different temperatures is examined. Evolution of texture and superficial composition is followed. Below 80 0 C UO 3 , 2H 2 O is formed at crystal surface and thermal decomposition gives different hydrates. Kinetics of the transformation is studied. Oxidohydratation in liquid phase is rapid with hydrogen peroxide. The aged or treated material is compacted and mechanical behaviour is examined. Improvement is explained by inter-layer water molecule of the superficial hydrate giving lubricant and pseudo-plastic properties [fr

  4. Development of aptitude for team work via physics education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Demkanin, Peter; Gergeľová, Bianka

    2017-01-01

    The Recent research on personality shows that healthy and happy people are those, who have high score in all three character traits - self-directedness, cooperativeness and self-transcendence. Physics education, as each education and at all levels can and need to develop all three traits. In our work we are focused to higher secondary physics education and link the goals of physics education to psychological and sociological aspects of teamwork.Being impacted by the idea of prof. W.Harlen "Learning is making sense of new experience by learners in collaboration with others", we explore possibilities to scaffold development of team work capabilities by role assignment and other means in pupils laboratory and terrain experiments performance. Basic ideas and plan of our next research is presented.

  5. Maduración biológica y aptitudes cognitivas

    OpenAIRE

    Asensio Aguilera, Josep M.

    1987-01-01

    El avance experimentado por algunas disciplinas biológicas en los ultimos años ha permitido comprender mejor ciertas características de los procesos de desarrollo del cerebro que revelan un claro interés pedagógico. De los datos proporcionados por la Neurobiología y la Cronobiología se desprende la apreciable influencia que ejerce el ambiente en la composición y estructura del neocórtex, al igual que la existencia de un ritmo de desarrollo cerebral variable, segun los sujetos, dentro de las p...

  6. Platinum redispersion on metal oxides in low temperature fuel cells

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Tripkovic, Vladimir; Cerri, Isotta; Nagami, Tetsuo

    2013-01-01

    We have analyzed the aptitude of several metal oxide supports (TiO2, SnO2, NbO2, ZrO2, SiO2, Ta2O5 and Nb2O5) to redisperse platinum under electrochemical conditions pertinent to the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) cathode. The redispersion on oxide supports in air has been studied in ...

  7. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Air Force Foundational Cyberspace Training

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-06-14

    projected and actual USAFA and AFROTC officer accessions [15]. The Basic Officer Training syllabus for academic year 2010-2011 included a lesson...Forces Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB), which covers four areas: arithmetic reasoning, word knowledge, paragraph comprehension, and mathematics ...http://afrotc.com/ college -life/courses/descriptions/ (accessed 25 May 2012). [12] United States Air Force Holm Center, "Cyberspace Lesson Plan

  8. Streaming and Setting in UK Primary Schools: Evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hallam, Susan

    2012-01-01

    There has been research on grouping pupils by ability for most of the twentieth century since Whipple carried out a study of the effects of special class placement on a group of high aptitude 5th and 6th graders in the USA in 1919. Since then hundreds of studies have been undertaken and there have been many literature reviews and syntheses of…

  9. Validation of the Information/Communications Technology Literacy Test

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-10-01

    Technical Report 1360 Validation of the Information /Communications Technology Literacy Test D. Matthew Trippe Human Resources Research...TITLE AND SUBTITLE Validation of the Information /Communications Technology Literacy Test 5a. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER W91WAS-09-D-0013 5b...validate a measure of cyber aptitude, the Information /Communications Technology Literacy Test (ICTL), in predicting trainee performance in Information

  10. Does Spending Money on Education Help? A Reaction to the Heritage Foundation and the "Wall Street Journal."

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wainer, Howard

    In June 1993 the "Wall Street Journal" carried a table of data prepared by the Heritage Foundation that listed the states in order of the average amount they expend on each public school student. The table also contained each state's rank on the average score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and the rank of each state in the average…

  11. Targeting Destructive Narcissism: A New Approach for Identifying and Eliminating Toxic Senior Leaders in the U.S. Air Force

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-02-13

    aspects of this phenomenon. Constructive narcissists are well-balanced, possess positive self - esteem , display empathy, have an aptitude for...toxicity, Schmidt developed five descriptive dimensions: 1) abusive supervision, 2) authoritative leadership, 3) narcissism, 4) self - promotion and...three core values of Integrity First, Service before Self , and Excellence in All We Do. While a majority of senior Air Force officers enforce the

  12. Practical treatment of risks from the point of view of reliability of the human component of the system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Burkardt, F.

    One consequence with regard to the reduction of errors in the field of reliability of controlling and supervising activities is the use of aptitude tests. In addition, the working system must be planned according to the principles of information collection and processing and working activities. In certain fields such activities can have a greater effect than selection processes. (DG) [de

  13. Le travail … c’est la santé : la santé au travail … une pratique en question Work… is health : health at work … a practice in question La salud laboral… una práctica en cuestionamiento

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paul Frimat

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available C’est en 1946 qu’est née cette institution originale qu’est la médecine du travail. Au départ, principalement basée sur une approche essentiellement individuelle, la notion d’aptitude y occupait une place centrale au sein du système de santé. Ce système a connu des évolutions où l’approche individuelle s’est peu à peu couplée à une dimension plus collective, laissant cependant encore un système largement perfectible. Dans ces évolutions, la décision d’aptitude s’est, quant à elle, complexifiée. De nombreux rapports ont d’ailleurs été écrits ces cinq dernières années afin de mettre en débat à la fois la légitimité de pérenniser un tel concept, mais également son efficacité en ce qui a trait à la prévention des pathologies liées au travail. Une loi sera sans doute prévue fin 2009, 2010… Mais qu’en sera-t-il de la pratique, quelle réalité perdurera ? Apte/inapte ? Comment peut-on aider à la compatibilité entre droit à la santé et droit au travail ? En quoi le système français de l’aptitude et de l’inaptitude a pu offrir des garanties pour l’employeur, le salarié, la société ? Tel sera l’objet de cette intervention.It was in 1946 that this new original institution, occupational medicine, was created in France. At the beginning, based mainly on an essentially individual approach, the concept of medical ability held a central place in the health system. This system has changed and the individual approach is now paired with a more collective vision, leaving the system still largely perfectible. Among these evolutions, the medical ability decision has become increasingly complex. Numerous reports have been written in the last five years to debate the legitimacy of maintaining such a concept, as well as its efficiency as far as the prevention of work-related pathologies is concerned. A law will certainly be expected at the end of 2009/beginning of 2010. But, what about

  14. Qualification tests for shift personnel in nuclear power plants

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fechner, J B [Bundesministerium des Innern, Bonn (Germany, F.R.)

    1978-02-01

    The selection of personnel for training as shift supervisors or reactor operators so far used to be made by a plant operator mainly on the basis of such criteria as examinations, diplomas and other documents verifying the educational background, the type of activity exercised, and professional success. In addition, there are the opininons of trainers and supervisors based on personal observation of future shift personnel on training for specific plants at a training center, at the manufacturer's, the operator's or in activities in the construction and commissioning of the respective nuclear power plant. In the course of this phase, which normally takes several years, supervisors asses not only the professional capabilities of a trainee, but also bis psychic and physical performance and aptitude, e.g., with respect to decision making, leadership qualifications or behavior unter stress. The advisability of introducing psychological aptitude tests was also studied. However, a decision was recently taken to defer such psychological tests for the time being. Yet, nuclear power plant operators are required to submit a statement to their responsible authorities about industrial medical checkups and qualification assessments by supervisors.

  15. What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cowan, Nelson

    2008-01-01

    In the recent literature there has been considerable confusion about the three types of memory: long-term, short-term, and working memory. This chapter strives to reduce that confusion and makes up-to-date assessments of these types of memory. Long- and short-term memory could differ in two fundamental ways, with only short-term memory demonstrating (1) temporal decay and (2) chunk capacity limits. Both properties of short-term memory are still controversial but the current literature is rather encouraging regarding the existence of both decay and capacity limits. Working memory has been conceived and defined in three different, slightly discrepant ways: as short-term memory applied to cognitive tasks, as a multi-component system that holds and manipulates information in short-term memory, and as the use of attention to manage short-term memory. Regardless of the definition, there are some measures of memory in the short term that seem routine and do not correlate well with cognitive aptitudes and other measures (those usually identified with the term "working memory") that seem more attention demanding and do correlate well with these aptitudes. The evidence is evaluated and placed within a theoretical framework depicted in Fig. 1.

  16. Tricalcium phosphate powder: Preparation, characterization and compaction abilities

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abida Fatima

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available In this work, we characterize tricalcium phosphate powders Ca9(HPO4(PO45(OH resulting from a reaction between calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid at room temperature, without pH adjustment and in absence of ionic impurities. The prepared powder has an atomic ratio Ca/P of 1.512 ± 0.005. The real density is 2.68 ± 0.02 g/cm3 and the specific surface area is 80 ± 02 m2/g. During compression, the microstructure of Ca-deficient apatite powder with the presence of HPO4 groups seems to support the cohesion between particles. The transmission ratio is 90%, the transfer ratio is 41.8 and the ratio of the die-wall friction is 0.22. These results show that apatitic tricalcium powder gives a good aptitude to the compaction which leads to a good tensile strength (0.79 MPa. The heat treatment of the prepared powder shows the precise temperature for the formation of pyrophosphate, β-TCP and α-TCPa phases.  The purity and aptitude to compaction of the prepared powders are very promising for pharmaceutical and medical applications.

  17. Morphological study of Socorro Island Merino sheep and its crosses with hair breeds.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hernández, Juan Augusto; Lepe, Marissa; Macedo, Rafael; Arredondo, Victalina; Cortez, Carlos Eliseo; García, Luis Jorge; Prado, Omar

    2017-01-01

    A study was conducted with the objective to characterize the morphology of Socorro Island Merino sheep. A total of 67 sheep, 62 females, 26 purebred and 36 crossbred with hair breeds, and five males were scored for 10 body measurements in addition to live weight, and four racial and seven functional indices were calculated. The influence of sex and crossbreeding on the body measurements and indices was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, and morphological harmony was determined using Spearman correlation. With exception of rump length, body measurements and live weight were significantly greater in males than in females. Sexual dimorphism was 1.21, with males being 78 % heavier than females. Socorro Island Merino sheep were dolichocephalous, elipometric, with a convex curve rump, and with a high and low morphological harmony for females and males, respectively. They had undefined zootechnical aptitude tended toward dairy phenotype as long as crossbreeding with hair breeds did not affect their functional or productive aptitude. It can be concluded that Socorro Island Merino sheep is a new biotype of the Merino breed, which is necessary to preserve and evaluate as a source of genetic characteristics such as adaptation to harsh environmental conditions.

  18. Qualification tests for shift personnel in nuclear power plants

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fechner, J.B.

    1978-01-01

    The selection of personnel for training as shift supervisors or reactor operators so far used to be made by a plant operator mainly on the basis of such criteria as examinations, diplomas and other documents verifying the educational background, the type of activity exercised, and professional success. In addition, there are the opininons of trainers and supervisors based on personal observation of future shift personnel on training for specific plants at a training center, at the manufacturer's, the operator's or in activities in the construction and commissioning of the respective nuclear power plant. In the course of this phase, which normally takes several years, supervisors asses not only the professional capabilities of a trainee, but also bis psychic and physical performance and aptitude, e.g., with respect to decision making, leadership qualifications or behavior unter stress. The advisability of introducing psychological aptitude tests was also studied. However, a decision was recently taken to defer such psychological tests for the time being. Yet, nuclear power plant operators are required to submit a statement to their responsible authorities about industrial medical checkups and qualification assessments by supervisors. (orig.) [de

  19. Effects of Different Types of Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Brain Structure, and Driving Safety in Senior Daily Drivers: A Pilot Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nozawa, Takayuki; Taki, Yasuyuki; Kanno, Akitake; Akimoto, Yoritaka; Ihara, Mizuki; Yokoyama, Ryoichi; Kotozaki, Yuka; Nouchi, Rui; Sekiguchi, Atsushi; Takeuchi, Hikaru; Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto; Ogawa, Takeshi; Goto, Takakuni; Sunda, Takashi; Shimizu, Toshiyuki; Tozuka, Eiji; Hirose, Satoru; Nanbu, Tatsuyoshi; Kawashima, Ryuta

    2015-01-01

    Increasing proportion of the elderly in the driving population raises the importance of assuring their safety. We explored the effects of three different types of cognitive training on the cognitive function, brain structure, and driving safety of the elderly. Thirty-seven healthy elderly daily drivers were randomly assigned to one of three training groups: Group V trained in a vehicle with a newly developed onboard cognitive training program, Group P trained with a similar program but on a personal computer, and Group C trained to solve a crossword puzzle. Before and after the 8-week training period, they underwent neuropsychological tests, structural brain magnetic resonance imaging, and driving safety tests. For cognitive function, only Group V showed significant improvements in processing speed and working memory. For driving safety, Group V showed significant improvements both in the driving aptitude test and in the on-road evaluations. Group P showed no significant improvements in either test, and Group C showed significant improvements in the driving aptitude but not in the on-road evaluations. The results support the effectiveness of the onboard training program in enhancing the elderly's abilities to drive safely and the potential advantages of a multimodal training approach.

  20. Job Restrictions for Healthcare Workers with Musculoskeletal Disorders: Consequences from the Superior's Viewpoint.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grataloup, M; Massardier-Pilonchéry, A; Bergeret, A; Fassier, Jean-Baptiste

    2016-09-01

    Objective Many workers suffer from musculoskeletal disorders. In France, occupational physicians are able to set job aptitude restrictions obliging employers to adapt the worker's job. The present study explored the impact of job restriction from the point of view of the employees' supervisors. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in 3 public hospitals. 12 focus groups were organized, involving 61 charge nurses and head nurses supervising 1 or more workers restricted for heavy lifting or repetitive movements. Discussions were recorded for qualitative thematic analysis. Results Charge and head nurses complained that aptitude restrictions were insufficiently precise, could not be respected and failed to mention residual capability. A context of personnel cuts, absenteeism and productivity demands entailed a need for polyvalence and reorganization threatening the permanence of adapted jobs. Job restrictions had several negative consequences for the charge and head nurses, including overwork, increased conflict, and feelings of isolation and organizational injustice. Conclusion Protecting the individual interests of workers with health issues may infringe on the interests of their supervisors and colleagues, whose perception of organizational justice may go some way to explaining the support or rejection they show toward restricted workers. This paradox should be explicitly explored and discussed.

  1. Methods for determining thermal stresses values. Some examples relating to nuclear reactors; Methodes de determination des contraintes thermiques. Quelques exemples d'application aux reacteurs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bernard, J; Gautier, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Peres, A [Israel Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Science Technion (Israel)

    1958-07-01

    As modern techniques develop more elaborate machines, and make their way towards higher and higher temperatures and pressures, the thermal stresses become a matter of major importance in the design of mechanical structures. In the first part of this paper, the authors examine the problem from a theoretical standpoint, and try to evaluate the aptitude and limitation of mathematical techniques to attain the quantitative values of thermal stresses. This paper deals mainly with the experimental methods to measure thermal stresses. The authors show some examples relating to nuclear reactors. (author)Fren. [French] Au fur et a mesure que la technique moderne developpe des machines plus poussees et s'oriente vers des temperatures et des pressions toujours plus elevees, les contraintes thermiques deviennent un facteur d'importance capitale dans le calcul des structures mecaniques. Les auteurs examinent d'abord l'aspect theorique du probleme, ainsi que l'aptitude et les limites du calcul pour exprimer quantitativement la valeur des contraintes thermiques. Les auteurs exposent principalement, ensuite, les methodes experimentales qui permettent de mesurer ces contraintes, et illustrent cet expose de quelques exemples relatifs aux installations nucleaires. (auteur)

  2. Interpretación y medición comparada de líneas granulométricas continuas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Grinszpan, Pedro Enrique

    1979-12-01

    Full Text Available Not avaible

    Se propone en este trabajo una expresión analítica que vincula al módulo de finura de Abrams con el tamaño límite superior de la serie granulométrica y con el grado de una función parabólica identificable con la analizada a efectos de poder localizar la composición con relación a los dominios de conveniencia establecidos por las normas y de este modo realizar una medición comparada de su aptitud. Se introduce el concepto de coeficiente de aptitud a efectos de medir en términos relativos la bondad de una composición granulométrica continua y se propone una escala de clasificación y calificación, cuya inclusión en los pliegos de especificaciones se recomienda para la recepción de los agregados. Por último, la función adoptada, que se considera una generalización de la distribución dé Gessner, es comparada con las de Bolomey y Ross, estableciéndose la diferencia con éstas.

  3. Leveraging Non-Cognitive Testing to Predict Success at USMC Scout Sniper Course

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-03-01

    whether aptitude requirements translate to job performance. Mayberry (1990) determines the ASVAB a valid predictor of success for infantrymen...Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE March 2017 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED...success at scout sniper school. We use data from 2012 through 2016 containing more than 700 Marines from every infantry military occupational specialty

  4. A atualidade da ética husseliana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Fabri

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available The paper presents the actuality of the phenomenological ethics, by three complementary thematic points. The first one is the relation between theoretical reason and practical reason on phenomenology; the second, the concept of an authentic humanity; finally, the phenomenological reflection about the stranger. The main hypothesis is: Husserl really surpasses two radical aptitudes on ethics: the biological skepticism and the abstracted universalism.

  5. What can we learn from unpolarized and polarized electroproduction of fast baryons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Artru, X.

    1991-01-01

    Two applications of semi-inclusive electroproduction of fast baryons are presented: (i) The steepness of the baryon spectrum at medium rapidity can give information about the general mechanisms of baryon production in soft and hard processes. (ii) With a polarized target and a detector which analyses the polarization of final Λ's, the aptitude of quarks to carry transverse polarization can be tested for the first time

  6. Review of Non-Resident Language Training for Linguists in the U.S. Army

    Science.gov (United States)

    1986-06-01

    How can live satellite broadcasts/telecasts from Eastern Block/ Middle East/ Pacific Basin/Latin America be appropriately integrated in non-resident...schools in CONUS, Central America and the Far East. %Discussion: Every participant who had attended FLICE and was involved in this study had high praise...of instruction, motivation, attitude of the learner’s culture, aptitudes, communicative or sociolinguistic factors, personality type, affect

  7. La Educación Pública de Como policy Para El acercamiento de estado y sociedad (Formación de Ciudadanos párrafo: actores de democracia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Rafael Rosado Garrido

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available In this article se reflexiona Sobre los Parámetros requeridos párrafo ahondar en la Conciencia del pueblo colombiano, conociendo su psiquis, Características, aptitudes Que permitan el Ejercicio De Una Verdadera democracia Inspirada en La Realidad e identidad nacional, rechazando los Sistemas Importados políticos, en aras de la Reconstrucción de la República de Colombia.

  8. Pre-service accounting teachers' attitudes to mathematics

    OpenAIRE

    Mkhize, Msizi Vitalis; Maistry, Suriamurthee Moonsamy

    2017-01-01

    Mathematics proficiency has an acknowledged impact on students' accounting grades. Success in this core business subject is dependent on students' mathematical aptitude, attitude and type of secondary schooling. Our study investigated accounting students' attitudes to mathematics on domains of the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Attitudes Scales (F-SMAS) and identified demographic variables in overall attitudes to mathematics, which are pertinent to higher education pedagogy for accountancy. Eigh...

  9. Technological and Probiotic Traits of the Lactobacilli Isolated From Vaginal Tract of the Healthy Women for Probiotic Use

    OpenAIRE

    Bouridane, Hamida; Sifour, Mohamed; Idoui, Tayeb; Annick, Lejeune; Thonard, Philip

    2016-01-01

    Background For biotechnological application, selected lactic acid bacteria strains belonging to the genera Lactobacillus (Lb) are proposed as an alternative to the antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of urogenital tract infections. Objectives Isolating and selecting vaginal lactobacilli strains for probiotic use based on their technological and probiotic aptitudes. Materials and Methods The vaginal isolates were examined for their essential characteristics as the potential probiotic ...

  10. Nurse manager residency program: an innovative leadership succession plan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Watkins, Amy; Wagner, Jennifer; Martin, Christina; Grant, Brandy; Maule, Katrina; Resh, Kimberly; King, Lisa; Eaton, Holly; Fetter, Katrina; King, Stacey L; Thompson, Elizabeth J

    2014-01-01

    To ensure succession planning within the ranks of nurse managers meet current and projected nursing management needs and organizational goals, we developed and implemented a nurse manager residency program at our hospital. By identifying, supporting, and mentoring clinical experts who express a desire and display an aptitude for nursing leadership, we are graduating individuals who can transition to a nurse manager position with greater ease and competence.

  11. Training Affects Variability in Training Performance both Within and Across Jobs

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-03-01

    was measured by a verbal/ math composite derived from the US military enlistment test, the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery. Training...performance was assessed by written tests of job-related knowledge content. Predictive validity of the verbal/ math composite ranged from .124 to .836...146, Room 122 Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7511 Malcolm James Ree Department of Leadership Studies School of Business and Leadership Our

  12. El modelo español de reconocimiento médico y psicotécnico en el contexto de 2ª Directiva (91/439/CEE: Resultados al ser aplicado sobre un grupo específico de conductores (45 a 70 años

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Montoro González Luis

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: Con la Directiva 91/439/CEE se inició lo que en un futuro será el permiso de conducir comunitario. Ahora bien, en el momento actual existen diferencias en cuanto a las condiciones de aptitud y a los periodos de prórroga del mismo. El presente estudio ofrece los resultados del reconocimiento médico y psicotécnico realizado a 606 conductores. Métodos: 606 conductores que reunían las siguientes características: edad entre 45 y 70 años, revisan el permiso del grupo 1 (B; hombres y mujeres; y finalmente, el periodo de prorroga es < 5 años. Posteriormente, se hace un seguimiento de los que, siendo aptos, regresan al centro y de esta manera podemos comprobar si existen modificaciones en cuanto al resultado del reconocimiento. Resultados: El 86,47% fueron aptos, un 12,21% aptos con restricción y un 1,65% no aptos. Por grupos de edad se apreció que a medida que avanza la edad disminuye el porcentaje de aptos y aumenta el de aptos con restricción (de 45-49 años hay un 93,19% de aptos, mientras que en el grupo de 65-69 se sitúa en un 67,35%. A los 5 años, un 11,13% de los conductores aptos habían modificado su condición (9,98% aptos con restricción; 1,15% no aptos, apreciándose que por grupos de edad también existen diferencias significativas (en el grupo de 45-49 años modifican su condición un 6,8%, mientras que en el de 65-69 lo hace un 18,1%. Conclusiones: De esta manera, podemos decir que existen diferencias entre las distintas edades y las condiciones de aptitud para la conducción, y también que un porcentaje significativo de conductores aptos modifica su condición de aptitud transcurridos al menos 5 años.

  13. EL MODELO ESPAÑOL DE RECONOCIMIENTO MÉDICO Y PSICOTÉCNICO EN EL CONTEXTO DE LA 2ª DIRECTIVA (91/439/CEE. RESULTADOS AL SER APLICADO SOBRE UN GRUPO ESPECÍFICO DE CONDUCTORES (45 a 70 AÑOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Montoro González

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: Con la Directiva 91/439/CEE se inició lo que en un futuro será el permiso de conducir comunitario. Ahora bien, en el momento actual existen diferencias en cuanto a las condiciones de aptitud y a los periodos de prórroga del mismo. El presente estudio ofrece los resultados del reconocimiento médico y psicotécnico realizado a 606 conductores. Métodos: 606 conductores que reunían las siguientes características: edad entre 45 y 70 años, revisan el permiso del grupo 1 (B; hombres y mujeres; y finalmente, el periodo de prorroga es < 5 años. Posteriormente, se hace un seguimiento de los que, siendo aptos, regresan al centro y de esta manera podemos comprobar si existen modificaciones en cuanto al resultado del reconocimiento. Resultados: El 86,47% fueron aptos, un 12,21% aptos con restricción y un 1,65% no aptos. Por grupos de edad se apreció que a medida que avanza la edad disminuye el porcentaje de aptos y aumenta el de aptos con restricción (de 45-49 años hay un 93,19% de aptos, mientras que en el grupo de 65-69 se sitúa en un 67,35%. A los 5 años, un 11,13% de los conductores aptos habían modificado su condición (9,98% aptos con restricción; 1,15% no aptos, apreciándose que por grupos de edad también existen diferencias significativas (en el grupo de 45-49 años modifican su condición un 6,8%, mientras que en el de 65-69 lo hace un 18,1%. Conclusiones: De esta manera, podemos decir que existen diferencias entre las distintas edades y las condiciones de aptitud para la conducción, y también que un porcentaje significativo de conductores aptos modifica su condición de aptitud transcurridos al menos 5 años.

  14. Prevalência de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis: impacto de 16 semanas de treinamento futebolístico em índices do estado nutricional e da aptidão física de praticantes de futebol society Prevalencia de los factores de riesgo en las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: impacto de 16 semanas de entrenamiento futbolístico en índices del estado nutricional y la aptitud física de practicantes de fútbol society Prevalence of risk factors of non-transmissible chronic diseases: the impact of 16 weeks of soccer training at nutritional status and physical aptitude indexes in society soccer practitioners

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciano Meireles de Pontes

    2006-08-01

    semanas de entrenamiento futbolístico en índices de estado nutricional y de la aptitud física. MÉTODOS: Muestra: 45 individuos (38,6 ± 7,4 años, divididos en dos grupos: Experimental (G1 = 22 y Control (G2 = 23. G1 se sometió a un programa de entrenamiento de tres sesiones semanales en días alternados con duración de 90 minutos (min. G2 participó una vez por semana, de juegos de fútbol, con duración de 90 min. Las variables de investigación contemplaron FR para DCNT, indicadores antropométricos, análisis bioquímicos y de aptitud física. El análisis de los datos contó con la estadística descriptiva y la inferencia estadística mediante el SPSS 13.0. RESULTADOS: Las mayores prevalencias de FR apuntaron para: el sobrepeso (65,0%, historia familiar de cáncer (57,5% y cardiopatías (55,0% y hipertrigliceridemia (32,5%. G1 presentó disminución en la masa corporal (p = 0,007, circunferencia abdominal (p = 0,010, índice de masa corpórea (p = 0,007 y porcentaje de grasa (p = 0,004, hecho no observado en G2. En ambos grupos, los análisis del colesterol total, triglicéridos y glicosis en ayuno, no mostraron disminución significativa durante el periodo investigado (p > 0,05. G1 obtuvo mejores índices de consumo máximo de oxígeno (p = 0,011, resistencia muscular (p = 0,000 y flexibilidad (p = 0,000, lo que no ocurrió en G2. CONCLUSIÓN: Los futbolistas presentaron alta prevalencia de FR para DCNT. En términos generales, G1 obtuvo cambios satisfactorios en el estado nutricional y en la aptitud física durante el periodo de 16 semanas, condición no identificada en G2.The study objective is to identify the prevalence of risk factors (RF to non-transmissible chronic diseases (NTCD in society soccer practitioners and the impact of 16 weeks of soccer training in the nutritional status (NS and the physical ability index. METHODS: Sample: 45 individuals (38.6 ± 7.4 years, divided in two groups: experimental (G1 = 22 and control (G2 = 23. The G1 was submitted

  15. Neural basis of stereotype-induced shifts in women's mental rotation performance

    OpenAIRE

    Wraga, Maryjane; Helt, Molly; Jacobs, Emily; Sullivan, Kerry

    2007-01-01

    Recent negative focus on women's academic abilities has fueled disputes over gender disparities in the sciences. The controversy derives, in part, from women's relatively poorer performance in aptitude tests, many of which require skills of spatial reasoning. We used functional magnetic imaging to examine the neural structure underlying shifts in women's performance of a spatial reasoning task induced by positive and negative stereotypes. Three groups of participants performed a task involvin...

  16. Review of Test Theory and Methods.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1981-01-01

    literature, although some books , technical reports, and unpub- lished literature have been included where relevant. The focus of the review is on practical...1977) and Abu-Sayf (1977) developed new versions of formula scores, and Molenaar (1977) took a Bayesian approach to correcting for random guessing. The...Snow’s (1977) book on aptitude and instructional methods is a landmark review of the research on the interaction between instructional methods and

  17. What can we learn from unpolarized and polarized electroproduction of fast baryons?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Artru, X.; Mekhfi, M.

    1991-01-01

    Two applications of semi-inclusive electroproduction of fast baryons are presented: (i) The steepness of the baryon spectrum at medium rapidity can give information about the general mechanisms of baryon production in soft and hard processes. (ii) With a polarized target and a detector which analyses the polarization of final Λ's, the aptitude of quarks to carry transverse polarization can be tested for the first time. (orig.)

  18. Costs of Military Pay and Benefits in the Defense Budget

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-11-01

    arithmetic reasoning, mathematics knowledge, paragraph comprehension, and word knowledge. Percentile scores measure aptitude relative to the entire...is not actuarially fair—it does not financially compensate the military retiree for what could easily be four decades of smaller annuity pay- ments...during a month in which the member is serving in a designated combat zone.37 One report estimates that to achieve an actuarially fair out- come, the

  19. The National Shipbuilding Research Program. Proceedings of the IREAPS Technical Symposium. Paper No. 13: Worker Participation and Organizational Change in Shipbuilding: An International Review. Volume 1

    Science.gov (United States)

    1982-09-01

    worklife innovations. Aptitude As earlier indicated, innovations stemming from a quality of work life I orientation may take a number of forms (e.g...competitive ability will primarily depend on how well we succeed in doing this. In our opinion we have a good basis for this in Norway . The...productivity was improved by a third (Hill 1973:51). In Norway , worker participation (along with improved physical conditions and improved recruitment

  20. FACTORS INFLUENCING SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Siti Khasinah

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Motivation, attitude, age, intelligence, aptitude, cognitive style, and personality are considered as factors that greatly influence someone in the process of his or her second language acquisition. Experts state that those factors give a more dominant contribution in SLA to learners variedly, depend on who the learners are, their age, how they behave toward the language, their cognitive ability, and also the way they learn.

  1. Platforme pour la collecte et l'exploitation efficaces et sécurisées de données dans les réseaux véhiculaires intelligents

    OpenAIRE

    Bouali , Tarek

    2016-01-01

    Nowadays, automotive area is witnessing a tremendous evolution due to the increasing growth in communication technologies, environmental sensing & perception aptitudes, and storage & processing capacities that we can find in recent vehicles. Indeed, a car is being a kind of intelligent mobile agent able to perceive its environment, sense and process data using on-board systems and interact with other vehicles or existing infrastructure. These advancements stimulate the development of several ...

  2. Rozvoj výtvarné kreativity dětí mladšího školního věku v pedagogice volného času s využitím mezioborových přesahů (literatura)

    OpenAIRE

    MACHÝČKOVÁ, Veronika

    2009-01-01

    This work is focused on creativity at kids of younger school age and possibilities of creative abilities developement. Theoretical part is defining creativity, it´s kinds, factors and levels. Describes creative process and product, barriers of creativity, is engaged in possible developement and talks about importance of teachers´s creativity. Defines kids creativity development, and talks about artistic aptitude and possible connection between inteligence and kreativity. Also describes younge...

  3. The Effect of Distributed Practice Homework on Precalculus Achievement at a Military Academy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-04-08

    This study investigated the main effect of distributive practice homework on achievement in Precalculus . This study also investigated the aptitude...achievement in Precalculus . The sample consisted of 351 United States Air Force Academy cadets (experimental n = 161, control n = 190), all in their first...achievement. A subset of the Math Anxiety Rating Scale developed by Alexander and Martray (1989) was used as the measure of mathematics anxiety. Precalculus

  4. Expert Western Classical Music Improvisers' Strategies

    OpenAIRE

    Despres, JP; Burnard, Pamela Anne; Dube, F; Stevance, S

    2017-01-01

    The growing interest in musical improvisation is exemplified by the body of literatures evidencing the positive impacts of improvisation learning on the musical apprentice’s aptitudes and the increasing presence of improvisation in Western classical concert halls and competitions. However, high-level Western classical music improvisers’ thinking processes are not yet thoroughly documented. As a result of this gap, our research addresses the following question: What strategies are implement...

  5. Achieving the AAAs of Ambulatory Care: Aptitude, Appeal, and Appreciation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rybolt, Ann H.; Staton, Lisa J.; Panda, Mukta; Jones, Roger C.

    2009-01-01

    Background In the current health care environment more patient care has moved from in-hospital care to the ambulatory primary care settings; however, fewer internal medicine residents are pursuing primary care careers. Barriers to residents developing a sense of competency and enjoyment in ambulatory medicine include the complexity of practice-based systems, patients with multiple chronic diseases, and the limited time that residents spend in the outpatient setting. Objective In an effort to accelerate residents' ambulatory care competence and enhance their satisfaction with ambulatory practice, we sought to change the learning environment. Interns were provided a series of intensive, focused, ambulatory training sessions prior to beginning their own continuity clinic sessions. The sessions were designed to enable them to work confidently and effectively in their continuity clinic from the beginning of the internship year, and it was hoped this would have a positive impact on their perception of the desirability of ambulatory practice. Methods Improvement needs assessment after a performance, so we developed a structured, competency-based, multidisciplinary curriculum for initiation into ambulatory practice. The curriculum focused on systems-based practice, patient safety, quality improvement, and collaborative work while emphasizing the importance of continuity of care and long-term doctor-patient relationships. Direct observation of patient encounters was done by an attending physician to evaluate communication and physical examination skills. Systems of care commonly used in the clinic were demonstrated. Resources for practice-based learning were used. Conclusion The immersion of interns in an intensive, hands-on experience using a structured ambulatory care orientation curriculum early in training may prepare the intern to be a successful provider and learner in the primary care ambulatory setting. PMID:21975724

  6. Evaluating Gifted Identification Practice: Aptitude Testing and Linguistically Diverse Learners

    Science.gov (United States)

    Matthews, Michael S.; Kirsch, Lauri

    2011-01-01

    The authors examined individually administered IQ scores from an entire K-5 population (N = 432) of Limited English Proficient students referred for gifted program eligibility determination in a single large urban district in the southeastern United States. Of 8 IQ tests compared, only 1, the Stanford-Binet V, had scores appreciably lower than…

  7. Assessing Aptitude and Attitude Development in a Translation Skills Course

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mekheimer, Mohamed Amin A.

    2012-01-01

    This study investigates the effects on EFL students of using Blackboard technology and online dictionaries in developing translating skills and building positive attitudes towards translation in male Saudi college students. The study compares two groups of students in a translation course; one in a traditional, face-to-face setting (control) and…

  8. In Pursuit of an Aptitude Test for Potential Cyberspace Warriors

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Smith, Tiffany S

    2007-01-01

    .... This thesis attempts to determine the necessary skills and motivations to perform the cyberspace mission and recommends a screening process to select the candidates with the highest probability for success...

  9. In Pursuit of an Aptitude Test for Potential Cyberspace Warriors

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Smith, Tiffany S

    2007-01-01

    The Air Force has officially assumed the cyberspace mission. To perform this mission well, it is important to employ personnel who have the necessary skill sets and motivation to work in a cyberspace environment...

  10. The ABC of Gender Equality in Education: Aptitude, Behaviour, Confidence

    Science.gov (United States)

    OECD Publishing, 2015

    2015-01-01

    Over the past century, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries have made significant progress in narrowing or closing long-standing gender gaps in many areas of education and employment, including educational attainment, pay and labour market participation. But new gender gaps in education are opening. Young men…

  11. The Role of Mind-Wandering in Measurements of General Aptitude

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mrazek, Michael D.; Smallwood, Jonathan; Franklin, Michael S.; Chin, Jason M.; Baird, Benjamin; Schooler, Jonathan W.

    2012-01-01

    Tests of working memory capacity (WMC) and fluid intelligence (gF) are thought to capture variability in a crucial cognitive capacity that is broadly predictive of success, yet pinpointing the exact nature of this capacity is an area of ongoing controversy. We propose that mind-wandering is associated with performance on tests of WMC and gF,…

  12. Identifying Key Features of Effective Active Learning: The Effects of Writing and Peer Discussion

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pangle, Wiline M.; Wyatt, Kevin H.; Powell, Karli N.; Sherwood, Rachel E.

    2014-01-01

    We investigated some of the key features of effective active learning by comparing the outcomes of three different methods of implementing active-learning exercises in a majors introductory biology course. Students completed activities in one of three treatments: discussion, writing, and discussion + writing. Treatments were rotated weekly between three sections taught by three different instructors in a full factorial design. The data set was analyzed by generalized linear mixed-effect models with three independent variables: student aptitude, treatment, and instructor, and three dependent (assessment) variables: change in score on pre- and postactivity clicker questions, and coding scores on in-class writing and exam essays. All independent variables had significant effects on student performance for at least one of the dependent variables. Students with higher aptitude scored higher on all assessments. Student scores were higher on exam essay questions when the activity was implemented with a writing component compared with peer discussion only. There was a significant effect of instructor, with instructors showing different degrees of effectiveness with active-learning techniques. We suggest that individual writing should be implemented as part of active learning whenever possible and that instructors may need training and practice to become effective with active learning. PMID:25185230

  13. Effects of Different Types of Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Brain Structure, and Driving Safety in Senior Daily Drivers: A Pilot Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Taki, Yasuyuki; Kanno, Akitake; Akimoto, Yoritaka; Ihara, Mizuki; Yokoyama, Ryoichi; Kotozaki, Yuka; Sekiguchi, Atsushi; Takeuchi, Hikaru; Miyauchi, Carlos Makoto; Ogawa, Takeshi; Goto, Takakuni; Sunda, Takashi; Shimizu, Toshiyuki; Tozuka, Eiji; Hirose, Satoru; Nanbu, Tatsuyoshi; Kawashima, Ryuta

    2015-01-01

    Background. Increasing proportion of the elderly in the driving population raises the importance of assuring their safety. We explored the effects of three different types of cognitive training on the cognitive function, brain structure, and driving safety of the elderly. Methods. Thirty-seven healthy elderly daily drivers were randomly assigned to one of three training groups: Group V trained in a vehicle with a newly developed onboard cognitive training program, Group P trained with a similar program but on a personal computer, and Group C trained to solve a crossword puzzle. Before and after the 8-week training period, they underwent neuropsychological tests, structural brain magnetic resonance imaging, and driving safety tests. Results. For cognitive function, only Group V showed significant improvements in processing speed and working memory. For driving safety, Group V showed significant improvements both in the driving aptitude test and in the on-road evaluations. Group P showed no significant improvements in either test, and Group C showed significant improvements in the driving aptitude but not in the on-road evaluations. Conclusion. The results support the effectiveness of the onboard training program in enhancing the elderly's abilities to drive safely and the potential advantages of a multimodal training approach. PMID:26161000

  14. Genetic pleiotropy explains associations between musical auditory discrimination and intelligence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mosing, Miriam A; Pedersen, Nancy L; Madison, Guy; Ullén, Fredrik

    2014-01-01

    Musical aptitude is commonly measured using tasks that involve discrimination of different types of musical auditory stimuli. Performance on such different discrimination tasks correlates positively with each other and with intelligence. However, no study to date has explored these associations using a genetically informative sample to estimate underlying genetic and environmental influences. In the present study, a large sample of Swedish twins (N = 10,500) was used to investigate the genetic architecture of the associations between intelligence and performance on three musical auditory discrimination tasks (rhythm, melody and pitch). Phenotypic correlations between the tasks ranged between 0.23 and 0.42 (Pearson r values). Genetic modelling showed that the covariation between the variables could be explained by shared genetic influences. Neither shared, nor non-shared environment had a significant effect on the associations. Good fit was obtained with a two-factor model where one underlying shared genetic factor explained all the covariation between the musical discrimination tasks and IQ, and a second genetic factor explained variance exclusively shared among the discrimination tasks. The results suggest that positive correlations among musical aptitudes result from both genes with broad effects on cognition, and genes with potentially more specific influences on auditory functions.

  15. A comparison of online versus face-to-face teaching delivery in statistics instruction for undergraduate health science students.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Fletcher; Lemonde, Manon

    2013-12-01

    The objective of this study was to assess if online teaching delivery produces comparable student test performance as the traditional face-to-face approach irrespective of academic aptitude. This study involves a quasi-experimental comparison of student performance in an undergraduate health science statistics course partitioned in two ways. The first partition involves one group of students taught with a traditional face-to-face classroom approach and the other through a completely online instructional approach. The second partition of the subjects categorized the academic aptitude of the students into groups of higher and lower academically performing based on their assignment grades during the course. Controls that were placed on the study to reduce the possibility of confounding variables were: the same instructor taught both groups covering the same subject information, using the same assessment methods and delivered over the same period of time. The results of this study indicate that online teaching delivery is as effective as a traditional face-to-face approach in terms of producing comparable student test performance but only if the student is academically higher performing. For academically lower performing students, the online delivery method produced significantly poorer student test results compared to those lower performing students taught in a traditional face-to-face environment.

  16. Adaptive hybrid brain-computer interaction: ask a trainer for assistance!

    Science.gov (United States)

    Müller-Putz, Gernot R; Steyrl, David; Faller, Josef

    2014-01-01

    In applying mental imagery brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to end users, training is a key part for novice users to get control. In general learning situations, it is an established concept that a trainer assists a trainee to improve his/her aptitude in certain skills. In this work, we want to evaluate whether we can apply this concept in the context of event-related desynchronization (ERD) based, adaptive, hybrid BCIs. Hence, in a first session we merged the features of a high aptitude BCI user, a trainer, and a novice user, the trainee, in a closed-loop BCI feedback task and automatically adapted the classifier over time. In a second session the trainees operated the system unassisted. Twelve healthy participants ran through this protocol. Along with the trainer, the trainees achieved a very high overall peak accuracy of 95.3 %. In the second session, where users operated the BCI unassisted, they still achieved a high overall peak accuracy of 83.6%. Ten of twelve first time BCI users successfully achieved significantly better than chance accuracy. Concluding, we can say that this trainer-trainee approach is very promising. Future research should investigate, whether this approach is superior to conventional training approaches. This trainer-trainee concept could have potential for future application of BCIs to end users.

  17. Why women perform better in college than admission scores would predict: Exploring the roles of conscientiousness and course-taking patterns.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Keiser, Heidi N; Sackett, Paul R; Kuncel, Nathan R; Brothen, Thomas

    2016-04-01

    Women typically obtain higher subsequent college GPAs than men with the same admissions test score. A common reaction is to attribute this to a flaw in the admissions test. We explore the possibility that this underprediction of women's performance reflects gender differences in conscientiousness and college course-taking patterns. In Study 1, we focus on using the ACT to predict performance in a single, large course where performance is decomposed into cognitive (exam and quiz scores) and less cognitive, discretionary components (discussion and extra credit points). The ACT does not underpredict female's cognitive performance, but it does underpredict female performance on the less cognitive, discretionary components of academic performance, because it fails to measure and account for the personality trait of conscientiousness. In Study 2, we create 2 course-difficulty indices (Course Challenge and Mean Aptitude in Course) and add them to an HLM regression model to see if they reduce the degree to which SAT scores underpredict female performance. Including Course Challenge does result in a modest reduction of the gender coefficient; however, including Mean Aptitude in Course does not. Thus, differences in course-taking patterns is a partial (albeit small) explanation for the common finding of differential prediction by gender. (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

  18. Three Steps Methodology to Measure an Individual’s Personal Competences for Entrepreneurship Towards a “Particular” Business Idea.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Javier Finez

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available The use of certain diagnostic tools serving for the evaluation of a person’s suitability for entrepreneurship with regard to his/her competences is one of the domains that our organization has been paying attention over the last three years. Our approach tackles entrepreneurs’ competences from three different points of view: Their attitude, explained as “Desire to make or produce something”, their aptitude, explained as “Ability, knowledge or skill to make or produce something” and their capacity, explained as “to be able to make or produce something”. Different self-assessment and measurement tools are provided to evaluate each of the above mentioned variables, as a result of what, a report based on the combination of the attitude, aptitude and capacity of the particular entrepreneur towards the particular business idea proposed is produced. This report will orientate the entrepreneur as follows: If satisfactory, the entrepreneur is ready to set up the particular business idea as planned, if not satisfactory either, the business idea is not good or innovative enough to be a successful business as initially planned or the personal skills and capacities of the entrepreneur are not yet sufficient to face all the casualties and hazardous that to set up a business encompass.

  19. Effects of Different Types of Cognitive Training on Cognitive Function, Brain Structure, and Driving Safety in Senior Daily Drivers: A Pilot Study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Takayuki Nozawa

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Increasing proportion of the elderly in the driving population raises the importance of assuring their safety. We explored the effects of three different types of cognitive training on the cognitive function, brain structure, and driving safety of the elderly. Methods. Thirty-seven healthy elderly daily drivers were randomly assigned to one of three training groups: Group V trained in a vehicle with a newly developed onboard cognitive training program, Group P trained with a similar program but on a personal computer, and Group C trained to solve a crossword puzzle. Before and after the 8-week training period, they underwent neuropsychological tests, structural brain magnetic resonance imaging, and driving safety tests. Results. For cognitive function, only Group V showed significant improvements in processing speed and working memory. For driving safety, Group V showed significant improvements both in the driving aptitude test and in the on-road evaluations. Group P showed no significant improvements in either test, and Group C showed significant improvements in the driving aptitude but not in the on-road evaluations. Conclusion. The results support the effectiveness of the onboard training program in enhancing the elderly’s abilities to drive safely and the potential advantages of a multimodal training approach.

  20. Chronic Electromagnetic Exposure at Occupational Safety Level Does Not Affect the Metabolic Profile nor Cornea Healing after LASIK Surgery

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Crouzier

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available LASIK eye surgery has become a very common practice for myopic people, especially those in the military. Sometimes undertaken by people who need to keep a specific medical aptitude, this surgery could be performed in secret from the hierarchy and from the institute medical staff. However, even though the eyes have been previously described as one of the most sensitive organs to electromagnetic fields in the human body, no data exist on the potential deleterious effects of electromagnetic fields on the healing eye. The consequences of chronic long-lasting radar exposures at power density, in accordance with the occupational safety standards (9.71 GHz, 50 W/m2, were investigated on cornea healing. The metabolic and clinical statuses after experimental LASIK keratotomy were assessed on the different eye segments in a New Zealand rabbit model. The analysis methods were performed after 5 months of exposure (1 hour/day, 3 times/week. Neither clinical or histological examinations, nor experimental data, such as light scattering, 1H-NMR HRMAS metabolomics, 13C-NMR spectra of lipidic extracts, and antioxidant status, evidenced significant modifications. It was concluded that withdrawing the medical aptitude of people working in electromagnetic field environments (i.e., radar operators in the navy after eye surgery was not justified.