ESO and NSF Sign Agreement on ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

2003-02-01

Green Light for World's Most Powerful Radio Observatory On February 25, 2003, the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and the US National Science Foundation (NSF) are signing a historic agreement to construct and operate the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope, operating at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelength. The Director General of ESO, Dr. Catherine Cesarsky, and the Director of the NSF, Dr. Rita Colwell, act for their respective organizations. Known as the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), the future facility will encompass sixty-four interconnected 12-meter antennae at a unique, high-altitude site at Chajnantor in the Atacama region of northern Chile. ALMA is a joint project between Europe and North America. In Europe, ESO is leading on behalf of its ten member countries and Spain. In North America, the NSF also acts for the National Research Council of Canada and executes the project through the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) operated by Associated Universities, Inc. (AUI). The conclusion of the ESO-NSF Agreement now gives the final green light for the ALMA project. The total cost of approximately 650 million Euro (or US Dollars) is shared equally between the two partners. Dr. Cesarsky is excited: "This agreement signifies the start of a great project of contemporary astronomy and astrophysics. Representing Europe, and in collaboration with many laboratories and institutes on this continent, we together look forward towards wonderful research projects. With ALMA we may learn how the earliest galaxies in the Universe really looked like, to mention but one of the many eagerly awaited opportunities with this marvellous facility". "With this agreement, we usher in a new age of research in astronomy" says Dr. Colwell. "By working together in this truly global partnership, the international astronomy community will be able to ensure the research capabilities needed to meet the long-term demands of our scientific enterprise, and

NRAO Welcomes Taiwan as a New North American ALMA Partner

Science.gov (United States)

2008-12-01

The National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) has announced a formal agreement enabling Taiwanese astronomers to participate in the North American component of the international ALMA partnership, alongside American and Canadian astronomers. Taiwan's efforts will be led by the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA). ALMA, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, is the most ambitious ground-based astronomical observatory in history. Currently under construction in Chile’s Atacama Desert at an altitude of 16,500 feet, it promises to revolutionize our understanding of the formation of planets, stars, and galaxies when it begins full science operations early in the next decade. The agreement, signed by the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office and the American Institute in Taiwan, provides for approximately $20 million in ALMA construction funding through the National Science Council (NSC), Taiwan’s equivalent to the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and Canada's National Research Council (NRC), which have jointly funded North America's existing contribution to the international ALMA project. Activities under the agreement will include joint research projects, development projects, collaboration on construction, support of observatory operations and other forms of cooperation. Access to ALMA observing time will be shared, as will membership on advisory committees. “Taiwan is a world-class center for submillimeter-wavelength astronomical research, and we’re delighted that the ALMA project and all its future users will benefit from the resources and expertise that Taiwan’s deepening participation brings to this great, global endeavor,” said Dr. Fred Lo, NRAO's director. This new agreement increases and diversifies Taiwan’s Academia Sinica investment in ALMA beyond the levels achieved through its participation in the East Asian component of the ALMA partnership, which is led by the National Astronomical

ALMA's long look

Science.gov (United States)

Morata, Oscar; Huang, Ted

2017-06-01

ALMA's Band 1 receivers will open up the 7 mm window to the 66 antennas on Chajnantor Plateau. Oscar Morata and Ted Huang relate the expected delivery schedule and science goals for these instruments.

ESO Signs Largest-Ever European Industrial Contract For Ground-Based Astronomy Project ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

2005-12-01

coordinating consortiums in charge of complex, high-performance ground systems." ALMA is an international astronomy facility. It is a partnership between Europe, North America and Japan, in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The European contribution is funded by ESO and Spain, with the construction and operations being managed by ESO. A matching contribution is being made by the USA and Canada, who will also provide 25 antennas. Japan will provide additional antennas, thus making this a truly worldwide endeavour. ALMA will be located on the 5,000m high Llano de Chajnantor site in the Atacama Desert of Northern Chile. ALMA will consist of a giant array of 12-m antennas separated by baselines of up to 18 km and is expected to start partial operation by 2010-2011. The excellent site, the most sensitive receivers developed so far, and the large number of antennas will allow ALMA to have a sensitivity that is many times better than any other comparable instrument. "ALMA will bring to sub-millimetre astronomy the aperture synthesis techniques of radio astronomy, enabling precision imaging to be done on sub-arcsecond angular scales, and will nicely complement the ESO VLT/VLTI observatory", said Dr. Hans Rykaczewski, the ALMA European Project Manager. Millimetre-wave astronomy is the study of the universe in the spectral region between what is traditionally considered radio waves and infrared radiation. In this realm, ALMA will study the evolution of galaxies, including very early stages, gather crucial data on the formation of stars, proto-planetary discs, and planets, and provide new insights on the familiar objects of our own solar system. A prototype antenna had already been built by Alcatel Alenia Space and European Industrial Engineering and thoroughly tested along with prototypes antennas from Vertex/LSI and Mitsubishi at the ALMA Antenna Test Facility located at the Very Large Array site in Socorro, New Mexico. For more information on the ALMA project, please go to http://www.eso.org/projects/alma/.

ALMA Studies of the Disk-Jet-Outflow Connection

Science.gov (United States)

Dougados, Catherine; Louvet, F.; Mardones, D.; Cabrit, S.

2017-06-01

I will describe in this contribution recent results obtained with ALMA on the origin of the disk/jet/outflow connexion in T Tauri stars. I will first present ALMA observations of the disk associated with the jet source Th 28, which question previous jet rotation measurements in this source and the implications drawn from them. I will then discuss Cycle 2 ALMA observations of the disk and small scale CO outflow associated with the prototypical edge-on HH 30 source. The unprecedented angular resolution of this dataset brings new constraints on the origin of the CO outflows in young stars.

Ground-water resources of the Alma area, Michigan

Science.gov (United States)

Vanlier, Kenneth E.

1963-01-01

The Alma area consists of 30 square miles in the northwestern part of Gratiot County, Mich. It is an area of slight relief gently rolling hills and level plains and is an important agricultural center in the State.The Saginaw formation, which forms the bedrock surface in part of the area, is of relatively low permeability and yields water containing objectionable amounts of chloride. Formations below the Saginaw are tapped for brine in and near the Alma area.The consolidated rocks of the Alma area are mantled by Pleistocene glacial deposits, which are as much as 550 feet thick where preglacial valleys were eroded into the bedrock. The glacial deposits consist of till, glacial-lake deposits, and outwash. Till deposits are at the surface along the south-trending moraines that cross the area, and they underlie other types of glacial deposits at depth throughout the area. The till deposits are of low permeability and are not a source of water to wells, though locally they include small lenses of permeable sand and gravel.In the western part of the area, including much of the city of Alma, the glacial-lake deposits consist primarily of sand and are a source of small supplies of water. In the northeastern part of the area the lake deposits are predominantly clayey and of low permeability.Sand and gravel outwash yields moderate and large supplies of water within the area. Outwash is present at the surface along the West Branch of the Pine River. A more extensive deposit of outwash buried by the lake deposits is the source of most of the ground water pumped at Alma. The presence of an additional deposit of buried outwash west and southwest of the city is inferred from the glacial history of the area. Additional water supplies that may be developed from these deposits are probably adequate for anticipated population and industrial growth.Water levels have declined generally in the vicinity of the city of Alma since 1920 in response to pumping for municipal and industrial

ALMA to Help Solving Acute Mountain Sickness Mystery

Science.gov (United States)

2007-04-01

, family and social isolation, commuting, intermittent high altitude exposure and other environmental challenges such as low temperatures. "An adequate acclimatisation to 2500m altitude requires around two weeks, and we can thus speculate that going to 5000m would require more than one month to achieve complete acclimatisation," said Professor Juan Silva Urra, from the University of Antofagasta. However, short and long term effects of regular commuting between sea level and high altitude have scarcely been studied in biomedical terms. Scientifically based guidelines for appropriate preventive handling and care under these conditions are lacking and the new study will help bridging this gap. Among the studies to be done, some involve continuous monitoring of the human body through portable devices, including measurements of hormone levels and application of psychometric tests. All measurements at 5000m will be carried out on a voluntary basis, under strict safety protocols, with the presence of a doctor from the investigation team, paramedic personnel form ALMA and an ambulance. The symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness are headache, sicknesses, gastrointestinal inconveniences, fatigue and insomnia that, depending on their intensities, decrease the capacity to carry out the most routine activities. The valuable data collected will enhance our knowledge of human physiology in extreme environments, generating recommendations that will improve wellbeing and health not only in high-altitude observatories, but also in mining and Antarctic personnel. "We are pleased that ALMA is contributing to other disciplines, like medicine, even before the antennas begin to explore the universe," said Felix Mirabel, ESO's representative in Chile. "This outstanding long-term research that will provide crucial information of human physiology to experts worldwide, has been made possible thanks to the combined effort of Chilean and European universities, in collaboration with ALMA". The Atacama

Solar Prominence Modelling and Plasma Diagnostics at ALMA Wavelengths

Science.gov (United States)

Rodger, Andrew; Labrosse, Nicolas

2017-09-01

Our aim is to test potential solar prominence plasma diagnostics as obtained with the new solar capability of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We investigate the thermal and plasma diagnostic potential of ALMA for solar prominences through the computation of brightness temperatures at ALMA wavelengths. The brightness temperature, for a chosen line of sight, is calculated using the densities of electrons, hydrogen, and helium obtained from a radiative transfer code under non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) conditions, as well as the input internal parameters of the prominence model in consideration. Two distinct sets of prominence models were used: isothermal-isobaric fine-structure threads, and large-scale structures with radially increasing temperature distributions representing the prominence-to-corona transition region. We compute brightness temperatures over the range of wavelengths in which ALMA is capable of observing (0.32 - 9.6 mm), however, we particularly focus on the bands available to solar observers in ALMA cycles 4 and 5, namely 2.6 - 3.6 mm (Band 3) and 1.1 - 1.4 mm (Band 6). We show how the computed brightness temperatures and optical thicknesses in our models vary with the plasma parameters (temperature and pressure) and the wavelength of observation. We then study how ALMA observables such as the ratio of brightness temperatures at two frequencies can be used to estimate the optical thickness and the emission measure for isothermal and non-isothermal prominences. From this study we conclude that for both sets of models, ALMA presents a strong thermal diagnostic capability, provided that the interpretation of observations is supported by the use of non-LTE simulation results.

De la definición de alma a las tesis sobre la diversidad de sus funciones con relación al cuerpo en Avicena

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Alfredo Del Aguila

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo nos detenemos en la relación alma-cuerpo en el contexto del Avicenna latinus, prestando especial atención a la definición de alma y a la diversificación de sus funciones en su relación con el cuerpo. Así, en la primera parte analizamos el dictamen de alma del pensador árabe en tanto y en cuanto nos la permita considerar -como bien Avicena lo hace remitiéndose a Aristóteles- elemento común a todos los niveles de vida; no a la manera de una realidad no-accidental añadida a un cuerpo constituido orgánicamente, sino como principio de organización del mismo, de sus funciones o potencias. Luego, exponemos la división y clasificación de las facultades y de las actividades del alma, gracias a las cuales podemos establecer un marco epistemológico que explique precisamente en parte lo que entiende por abstracción.

New Inspiring Planetarium Show Introduces ALMA to the Public

Science.gov (United States)

2009-03-01

As part of a wide range of education and public outreach activities for the International Year of Astronomy 2009 (IYA2009), ESO, together with the Association of French Language Planetariums (APLF), has produced a 30-minute planetarium show, In Search of our Cosmic Origins. It is centred on the global ground-based astronomical Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) project and represents a unique chance for planetariums to be associated with the IYA2009. ESO PR Photo 09a/09 Logo of the ALMA Planetarium Show ESO PR Photo 09b/09 Galileo's first observations with a telescope ESO PR Photo 09c/09 The ALMA Observatory ESO PR Photo 09d/09 The Milky Way band ESO PR Video 09a/09 Trailer in English ALMA is the leading telescope for observing the cool Universe -- the relic radiation of the Big Bang, and the molecular gas and dust that constitute the building blocks of stars, planetary systems, galaxies and life itself. It is currently being built in the extremely arid environment of the Chajnantor plateau, at 5000 metres altitude in the Chilean Andes, and will start scientific observations around 2011. ALMA, the largest current astronomical project, is a revolutionary telescope, comprising a state-of-the-art array of 66 giant 12-metre and 7-metre diameter antennas observing at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths. In Search of our Cosmic Origins highlights the unprecedented window on the Universe that this facility will open for astronomers. "The show gives viewers a fascinating tour of the highest observatory on Earth, and takes them from there out into our Milky Way, and beyond," says Douglas Pierce-Price, the ALMA Public Information Officer at ESO. Edited by world fulldome experts Mirage3D, the emphasis of the new planetarium show is on the incomparable scientific adventure of the ALMA project. A young female astronomer guides the audience through a story that includes unique animations and footage, leading the viewer from the first observations by Galileo

Translating PI observing proposals into ALMA observing scripts

Science.gov (United States)

Liszt, Harvey S.

2014-08-01

The ALMA telescope is a complex 66-antenna array working in the specialized domain of mm- and sub-mm aperture synthesis imaging. To make ALMA accessible to technically inexperienced but scientifically expert users, the ALMA Observing Tool (OT) has been developed. Using the OT, scientifically oriented user input is formatted as observing proposals that are packaged for peer-review and assessment of technical feasibility. If accepted, the proposal's scientifically oriented inputs are translated by the OT into scheduling blocks, which function as input to observing scripts for the telescope's online control system. Here I describe the processes and practices by which this translation from PI scientific goals to online control input and schedule block execution actually occurs.

Alma M. Karlin – in private

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maja Šučur

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The article presents the Slovenian writer and traveler, Alma M. Karlin, from two perspectives—the public and the private. The author begins with a summary of the most well-known facts of Alma Karlin's life: She describes her journey around the world, her motivation for writing literary works and travel logs, she places herself into the linguistic and political milieu and uncovers her contribution to the deconstruction of the role a woman was expected to perform in the early 20th century. In this text, the author exposes the previously secret or intentionally hidden elements of Karlin's privacy, for example her relationships with love and the physical. She also brings to light Karlin's relationships with men. However, the author focuses especially on the relationship between Alma Karlin and Thea Gamelin and the related speculations about Karlin's lesbianism, offering a new insight through the concept of the romantic friendship. The article raises the question whether the researching that ignores all the possible interpretations of Karlin’s life and identity has also become an act of heteronormativity.

U.S., European ALMA Partners Award Prototype Antenna Contracts

Science.gov (United States)

2000-03-01

The U.S. and European partners in the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) project have awarded contracts to U.S. and Italian firms, respectively, for two prototype antennas. ALMA is a planned telescope array, expected to consist of 64 millimeter-wave antennas with 12-meter diameter dishes. The array will be built at a high-altitude, extremely dry mountain site in Chile's Atacama desert, and is scheduled to be completed sometime in this decade. On February 22, 2000, Associated Universities Inc. (AUI) signed an approximately $6.2 million contract with Vertex Antenna Systems, of Santa Clara, Calif., for construction of one prototype ALMA antenna. AUI operates the U.S. National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) for the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement. The European partners contracted with the consortium of European Industrial Engineering and Costamasnaga, of Mestre, Italy, on February 21, 2000, for the production of another prototype. (Mestre is located on the inland side of Venice.) The two antennas must meet identical specifications, but will inherently be of different designs. This will ensure that the best possible technologies are incorporated into the final production antennas. Only one of the designs will be selected for final production. Several technical challenges must be met for the antennas to perform to ALMA specifications. Each antenna must have extremely high surface accuracy (25 micrometers, or one-third the diameter of a human hair, over the entire 12-meter diameter). This means that, when completed, the surface accuracy of the ALMA dishes will be 20 times greater than that of the Very Large Array (VLA) antennas, and about 50 times greater than dish antennas for communications or radar. The ALMA antennas must also have extremely high pointing accuracy (0.6 arcseconds). An additional challenge is that the antennas, when installed at the ALMA site in Chile, will be exposed to the ravages of weather at 16,500 feet (5000 meters

THE 2014 ALMA LONG BASELINE CAMPAIGN: AN OVERVIEW

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Partnership, ALMA [Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF (United Kingdom); Fomalont, E. B.; Vlahakis, C.; Corder, S.; Remijan, A.; Barkats, D.; Dent, W. R. F.; Phillips, N.; Cox, P.; Hales, A. S. [Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago (Chile); Lucas, R. [Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (UMR 5274), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9 (France); Hunter, T. R.; Brogan, C. L.; Amestica, R.; Cotton, W. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (United States); Asaki, Y. [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Matsushita, S. [Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan (China); Hills, R. E. [Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE (United Kingdom); Richards, A. M. S. [Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL (United Kingdom); Broguiere, D., E-mail: efomalon@nrao.edu [Institut de Radioastronomie Millime´trique (IRAM), 300 rue de la Piscine, Domaine Universitaire, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères (France); and others

2015-07-20

A major goal of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is to make accurate images with resolutions of tens of milliarcseconds, which at submillimeter (submm) wavelengths requires baselines up to ∼15 km. To develop and test this capability, a Long Baseline Campaign (LBC) was carried out from 2014 September to late November, culminating in end-to-end observations, calibrations, and imaging of selected Science Verification (SV) targets. This paper presents an overview of the campaign and its main results, including an investigation of the short-term coherence properties and systematic phase errors over the long baselines at the ALMA site, a summary of the SV targets and observations, and recommendations for science observing strategies at long baselines. Deep ALMA images of the quasar 3C 138 at 97 and 241 GHz are also compared to VLA 43 GHz results, demonstrating an agreement at a level of a few percent. As a result of the extensive program of LBC testing, the highly successful SV imaging at long baselines achieved angular resolutions as fine as 19 mas at ∼350 GHz. Observing with ALMA on baselines of up to 15 km is now possible, and opens up new parameter space for submm astronomy.

THE 2014 ALMA LONG BASELINE CAMPAIGN: AN OVERVIEW

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Partnership, ALMA; Fomalont, E. B.; Vlahakis, C.; Corder, S.; Remijan, A.; Barkats, D.; Dent, W. R. F.; Phillips, N.; Cox, P.; Hales, A. S.; Lucas, R.; Hunter, T. R.; Brogan, C. L.; Amestica, R.; Cotton, W.; Asaki, Y.; Matsushita, S.; Hills, R. E.; Richards, A. M. S.; Broguiere, D.

2015-01-01

A major goal of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is to make accurate images with resolutions of tens of milliarcseconds, which at submillimeter (submm) wavelengths requires baselines up to ∼15 km. To develop and test this capability, a Long Baseline Campaign (LBC) was carried out from 2014 September to late November, culminating in end-to-end observations, calibrations, and imaging of selected Science Verification (SV) targets. This paper presents an overview of the campaign and its main results, including an investigation of the short-term coherence properties and systematic phase errors over the long baselines at the ALMA site, a summary of the SV targets and observations, and recommendations for science observing strategies at long baselines. Deep ALMA images of the quasar 3C 138 at 97 and 241 GHz are also compared to VLA 43 GHz results, demonstrating an agreement at a level of a few percent. As a result of the extensive program of LBC testing, the highly successful SV imaging at long baselines achieved angular resolutions as fine as 19 mas at ∼350 GHz. Observing with ALMA on baselines of up to 15 km is now possible, and opens up new parameter space for submm astronomy

ALMA Partners Award Prototype Antenna Contracts in Europe and the USA

Science.gov (United States)

2000-03-01

The European and U.S. partners in the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) project have awarded contracts to firms in Italy and the USA, respectively, for two prototype antennas. ALMA is a planned telescope array, expected to consist of 64 millimeter-wave antennas with 12-meter diameter dishes, cf. ESO Press Release 09/99 and ESO PR Video Clip 08/99. The array will be built at a high-altitude, extremely dry mountain site in Chile's Atacama desert, and is scheduled to be completed sometime in this decade. The European partners contracted with the consortium of European Industrial Engineering and Costamasnaga (Mestre, Italy), on February 21, 2000, for the production of one prototype ALMA antenna. On February 22, 2000, Associated Universities Inc. signed a contract with Vertex Antenna Systems (Santa Clara, California), for construction of another prototype antenna. The two antennas must meet identical specifications, but will inherently be of different designs. This will ensure that the best possible technologies are incorporated into the final production antennas. Several technical challenges must be met for the antennas to perform to ALMA specifications. Each antenna must have extremely high surface accuracy (25 µm, or one-third the diameter of a human hair, over the entire 12-meter diameter). This means that, when completed, the surface accuracy of the ALMA dishes will be 20 times greater than that of the Very Large Array (VLA) antennas near Socorro (New Mexico, USA), and about 50 times greater than dish antennas for communications or radar. The ALMA antennas must also have extremely high pointing accuracy (0.6 arcseconds). An additional challenge is that the antennas, when installed at the ALMA site in Chile, will be exposed to the ravages of weather at 5000 m elevation. All previous millimeter-wavelength antennas that meet such exacting specifications for surface accuracy and pointing accuracy have been housed within telescope enclosures. The U.S. and European

CURA MÉDICA DE ALMAS (CMA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ancisar Restrepo Toro

2001-01-01

Full Text Available La «Cura médica de almas» tiene como objetivo señalar otra zona de aplicación de la Logoterapia, el acercamiento al hombre que sufre, al homo patiens, pero no ya a su sufrimiento en sí mismo sino a su humanidad. Si la Logoterapia, en su sentido más estricto, es la terapia indicada para las neurosis noógenas o en otros casos es complementaria de las psicoterapias, en el caso de la «Cura médica de almas» ya no es intervención terapéutica sino, específicamente, ejercicio de la humanidad del terapeuta en contacto con la humanidad de su paciente.

Astronomers Break Ground on Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) - World's Largest Millimeter Wavelength Telescope

Science.gov (United States)

2003-11-01

Scientists and dignitaries from Europe, North America and Chile are breaking ground today (Thursday, November 6, 2003) on what will be the world's largest, most sensitive radio telescope operating at millimeter wavelengths . ALMA - the "Atacama Large Millimeter Array" - will be a single instrument composed of 64 high-precision antennas located in the II Region of Chile, in the District of San Pedro de Atacama, at the Chajnantor altiplano, 5,000 metres above sea level. ALMA 's primary function will be to observe and image with unprecedented clarity the enigmatic cold regions of the Universe, which are optically dark, yet shine brightly in the millimetre portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) is an international astronomy facility. ALMA is an equal partnership between Europe and North America, in cooperation with the Republic of Chile, and is funded in North America by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) in cooperation with the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), and in Europe by the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and Spain. ALMA construction and operations are led on behalf of North America by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), which is managed by Associated Universities, Inc. (AUI), and on behalf of Europe by ESO. " ALMA will be a giant leap forward for our studies of this relatively little explored spectral window towards the Universe" , said Dr. Catherine Cesarsky , Director General of ESO. "With ESO leading the European part of this ambitious and forward-looking project, the impact of ALMA will be felt in wide circles on our continent. Together with our partners in North America and Chile, we are all looking forward to the truly outstanding opportunities that will be offered by ALMA , also to young scientists and engineers" . " The U.S. National Science Foundation joins today with our North American partner, Canada, and with the European Southern Observatory, Spain, and Chile to prepare

Deep data: discovery and visualization Application to hyperspectral ALMA imagery

Science.gov (United States)

Merényi, Erzsébet; Taylor, Joshua; Isella, Andrea

2017-06-01

Leading-edge telescopes such as the Atacama Large Millimeter and sub-millimeter Array (ALMA), and near-future ones, are capable of imaging the same sky area at hundreds-to-thousands of frequencies with both high spectral and spatial resolution. This provides unprecedented opportunities for discovery about the spatial, kinematical and compositional structure of sources such as molecular clouds or protoplanetary disks, and more. However, in addition to enormous volume, the data also exhibit unprecedented complexity, mandating new approaches for extracting and summarizing relevant information. Traditional techniques such as examining images at selected frequencies become intractable while tools that integrate data across frequencies or pixels (like moment maps) can no longer fully exploit and visualize the rich information. We present a neural map-based machine learning approach that can handle all spectral channels simultaneously, utilizing the full depth of these data for discovery and visualization of spectrally homogeneous spatial regions (spectral clusters) that characterize distinct kinematic behaviors. We demonstrate the effectiveness on an ALMA image cube of the protoplanetary disk HD142527. The tools we collectively name ``NeuroScope'' are efficient for ``Big Data'' due to intelligent data summarization that results in significant sparsity and noise reduction. We also demonstrate a new approach to automate our clustering for fast distillation of large data cubes.

A Look Inside Hurricane Alma

Science.gov (United States)

2002-01-01

Hurricane season in the eastern Pacific started off with a whimper late last month as Alma, a Category 2 hurricane, slowly made its way up the coast of Baja California, packing sustained winds of 110 miles per hour and gusts of 135 miles per hour. The above image of the hurricane was acquired on May 29, 2002, and displays the rainfall rates occurring within the storm. Click the image above to see an animated data visualization (3.8 MB) of the interior of Hurricane Alma. The images of the clouds seen at the beginning of the movie were retrieved from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association's (NOAA's) Geostationary Orbiting Environmental Satellite (GOES) network. As the movie continues, the clouds are peeled away to reveal an image of rainfall levels in the hurricane. The rainfall data were obtained by the Precipitation Radar aboard NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. The Precipitation Radar bounces radio waves off of clouds to retrieve a reading of the number of large, rain-sized droplets within the clouds. Using these data, scientists can tell how much precipitation is occurring within and beneath a hurricane. In the movie, yellow denotes areas where 0.5 inches of rain is falling per hour, green denotes 1 inch per hour, and red denotes over 2 inches per hour. (Please note that high resolution still images of Hurricane Alma are available in the NASA Visible Earth in TIFF format.) Image and animation courtesy Lori Perkins, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio

Performance highlights of the ALMA correlators

Science.gov (United States)

Baudry, Alain; Lacasse, Richard; Escoffier, Ray; Webber, John; Greenberg, Joseph; Platt, Laurence; Treacy, Robert; Saez, Alejandro F.; Cais, Philippe; Comoretto, Giovanni; Quertier, Benjamin; Okumura, Sachiko K.; Kamazaki, Takeshi; Chikada, Yoshihiro; Watanabe, Manabu; Okuda, Takeshi; Kurono, Yasutake; Iguchi, Satoru

2012-09-01

Two large correlators have been constructed to combine the signals captured by the ALMA antennas deployed on the Atacama Desert in Chile at an elevation of 5050 meters. The Baseline correlator was fabricated by a NRAO/European team to process up to 64 antennas for 16 GHz bandwidth in two polarizations and another correlator, the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) correlator, was fabricated by a Japanese team to process up to 16 antennas. Both correlators meet the same specifications except for the number of processed antennas. The main architectural differences between these two large machines will be underlined. Selected features of the Baseline and ACA correlators as well as the main technical challenges met by the designers will be briefly discussed. The Baseline correlator is the largest correlator ever built for radio astronomy. Its digital hybrid architecture provides a wide variety of observing modes including the ability to divide each input baseband into 32 frequency-mobile sub-bands for high spectral resolution and to be operated as a conventional 'lag' correlator for high time resolution. The various observing modes offered by the ALMA correlators to the science community for 'Early Science' are presented, as well as future observing modes. Coherently phasing the array to provide VLBI maps of extremely compact sources is another feature of the ALMA correlators. Finally, the status and availability of these large machines will be presented.

Physics and Chemistry of Star and Planet Formation in the Alma ERA

Science.gov (United States)

Bergin, Edwin

2014-06-01

ALMA will open up new avenues of exploration encompassing the wide range of star formation in our galaxy and peering into the central heart of planet-forming circumstellar disks. As we seek to explore the origins of stars and planets molecular emission will be at the front and center of many studies probing gas physics and chemistry. In this talk I will discus some of the areas where we can expect significant advances due to the increased sensitivity and superb spatial resolution of ALMA. In star-forming cores, a rich chemistry is revealed that may be the simpler molecular precursors to more complex organics, such as amino acids, seen within primitive rocks in our own solar system. ALMA will provide new information regarding the relative spatial distribution within a given source for a host of organics, sampling tens to hundreds of transitions of a variety of molecules, including presumably new ones. In this area there is a rich synergy with existing ground and space-based data, including Herschel/Spitzer. Here the increased sampling of sources to be enabled by ALMA should bring greater clarity toward the key products of interstellar chemistry and further constrain processes. On smaller Solar System scales, for over a decade most observations of planet-forming disks focused on the dust thermal continuum emission as a probe of the gas content and structure. ALMA will enable reliable and direct studies of gas to explore the evolving physics of planet-formation, the gas dissipation timescales (i.e. the upper limit to the timescale for giant planet birth), and also the chemistry. It is this chemistry that sets the composition of gas giants and also influences the ultimate composition of water and organic materials that are delivered to terrestrial worlds. Here I will show how we can use molecular emission to determine the gas thermal structure of a disk system and the total gas content - key astrophysical quantities. This will also enable more constrained chemical

The ALMA Common Software as a Basis for a Distributed Software Development

Science.gov (United States)

Raffi, Gianni; Chiozzi, Gianluca; Glendenning, Brian

The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) is a joint project involving astronomical organizations in Europe, North America and Japan. ALMA will consist of 64 12-m antennas operating in the millimetre and sub-millimetre wavelength range, with baselines of more than 10 km. It will be located at an altitude above 5000 m in the Chilean Atacama desert. The ALMA Computing group is a joint group with staff scattered on 3 continents and is responsible for all the control and data flow software related to ALMA, including tools ranging from support of proposal preparation to archive access of automatically created images. Early in the project it was decided that an ALMA Common Software (ACS) would be developed as a way to provide to all partners involved in the development a common software platform. The original assumption was that some key middleware like communication via CORBA and the use of XML and Java would be part of the project. It was intended from the beginning to develop this software in an incremental way based on releases, so that it would then evolve into an essential embedded part of all ALMA software applications. In this way we would build a basic unity and coherence into a system that will have been developed in a distributed fashion. This paper evaluates our progress after 1.5 year of work, following a few tests and preliminary releases. It analyzes the advantages and difficulties of such an ambitious approach, which creates an interface across all the various control and data flow applications.

Solar research with ALMA: Czech node of European ARC as your user-support infrastructure

Science.gov (United States)

Bárta, M.; Skokić, I.; Brajša, R.; Czech ARC Node Team

2017-08-01

ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array) is by far the largest project of current ground-based observational facilities in astronomy and astrophysics. It is built and operated in the world-wide cooperation (ESO, NRAO, NAOJ) at altitude of 5000m in the desert of Atacama, Chile. Because of its unprecedented capabilities, ALMA is considered as a cutting-edge research device in astrophysics with potential for many breakthrough discoveries in the next decade and beyond. In spite it is not exclusively solar-research dedicated instrument, science observations of the Sun are now possible and has recently started in the observing Cycle 4 (2016-2017). In order to facilitate user access to this top-class, but at the same moment very complicated device to researchers lacking technical expertise, a network of three ALMA Regional Centers (ARCs) has been formed in Europe, North America, and East Asia as a user-support infrastructure and interface between the observatory and users community. After short introduction to ALMA the roles of ARCs and hint how to utilize their services will be presented, with emphasis to the specific (and in Europe unique) mission of the Czech ARC node in solar research with ALMA. Finally, peculiarities of solar observations that demanded the development of the specific Solar ALMA Observing Modes will be discussed and the results of Commissioning and Science Verification observing campaigns (solar ALMA maps) will be shown.

First Results of the Sideband-Separating Mixer for ALMA Band 9 Upgrade

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Khudchenko, Andrey; Hesper, Ronald; Baryshev, Andrey; Mena, F. Patricio; Gerlofma, Gerrit; Zijlstra, Tony; Klapwijk, Teun M.; Kooi, Jacob W.; Spaans, Marco

2011-01-01

Last year, the design and implementation details of a new modular sideband-separating mixer block, intended as an upgrade for the current single-ended ALMA Band 9 mixers, were presented at this conference. In high-frequency observation bands like ALMA Band 9 (600-720 GHz), which is strongly

Centralized operations and maintenance planning at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)

Science.gov (United States)

Lopez, Bernhard; Whyborn, Nicholas D.; Guniat, Serge; Hernandez, Octavio; Gairing, Stefan

2016-07-01

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a joint project between astronomical organizations in Europe, North America, and East Asia, in collaboration with the Republic of Chile. ALMA consists of 54 twelve-meter antennas and 12 seven-meter antennas operating as an aperture synthesis array in the (sub)millimeter wavelength range. Since the inauguration of the observatory back in March 2013 there has been a continuous effort to establish solid operations processes for effective and efficient management of technical and administrative tasks on site. Here a key aspect had been the centralized maintenance and operations planning: input is collected from science stakeholders, the computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) and from the technical teams spread around the world, then this information is analyzed and consolidated based on the established maintenance strategy, the observatory long-term plan and the short-term priorities definitions. This paper presents the high-level process that has been developed for the planning and scheduling of planned- and unplanned maintenance tasks, and for site operations like the telescope array reconfiguration campaigns. We focus on the centralized planning approach by presenting its genesis, its current implementation for the observatory operations including related planning products, and we explore the necessary next steps in order to fully achieve a comprehensive centralized planning approach for ALMA in steady-state operations.

First analysis of solar structures in 1.21 mm full-disc ALMA image of the Sun

Science.gov (United States)

Brajša, R.; Sudar, D.; Benz, A. O.; Skokić, I.; Bárta, M.; Pontieu, B. De; Kim, S.; Kobelski, A.; Kuhar, M.; Shimojo, M.; Wedemeyer, S.; White, S.; Yagoubov, P.; Yan, Y.

2018-05-01

Context. Various solar features can be seen in emission or absorption on maps of the Sun in the millimetre and submillimetre wavelength range. The recently installed Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) is capable of observing the Sun in that wavelength range with an unprecedented spatial, temporal and spectral resolution. To interpret solar observations with ALMA, the first important step is to compare solar ALMA maps with simultaneous images of the Sun recorded in other spectral ranges. Aims: The first aim of the present work is to identify different structures in the solar atmosphere seen in the optical, infrared, and EUV parts of the spectrum (quiet Sun, active regions, prominences on the disc, magnetic inversion lines, coronal holes and coronal bright points) in a full-disc solar ALMA image. The second aim is to measure the intensities (brightness temperatures) of those structures and to compare them with the corresponding quiet Sun level. Methods: A full-disc solar image at 1.21 mm obtained on December 18, 2015, during a CSV-EOC campaign with ALMA is calibrated and compared with full-disc solar images from the same day in Hα line, in He I 1083 nm line core, and with various SDO images (AIA at 170 nm, 30.4 nm, 21.1 nm, 19.3 nm, and 17.1 nm and HMI magnetogram). The brightness temperatures of various structures are determined by averaging over corresponding regions of interest in the calibrated ALMA image. Results: Positions of the quiet Sun, active regions, prominences on the disc, magnetic inversion lines, coronal holes and coronal bright points are identified in the ALMA image. At the wavelength of 1.21 mm, active regions appear as bright areas (but sunspots are dark), while prominences on the disc and coronal holes are not discernible from the quiet Sun background, despite having slightly less intensity than surrounding quiet Sun regions. Magnetic inversion lines appear as large, elongated dark structures and coronal bright points correspond

ALMA High Frequency Techniques

Science.gov (United States)

Meyer, J. D.; Mason, B.; Impellizzeri, V.; Kameno, S.; Fomalont, E.; Chibueze, J.; Takahashi, S.; Remijan, A.; Wilson, C.; ALMA Science Team

2015-12-01

The purpose of the ALMA High Frequency Campaign is to improve the quality and efficiency of science observing in Bands 8, 9, and 10 (385-950 GHz), the highest frequencies available to the ALMA project. To this end, we outline observing modes which we have demonstrated to improve high frequency calibration for the 12m array and the ACA, and we present the calibration of the total power antennas at these frequencies. Band-to-band (B2B) transfer and bandwidth switching (BWSW), techniques which improve the speed and accuracy of calibration at the highest frequencies, are most necessary in Bands 8, 9, and 10 due to the rarity of strong calibrators. These techniques successfully enable increased signal-to-noise on the calibrator sources (and better calibration solutions) by measuring the calibrators at lower frequencies (B2B) or in wider bandwidths (BWSW) compared to the science target. We have also demonstrated the stability of the bandpass shape to better than 2.4% for 1 hour, hidden behind random noise, in Band 9. Finally, total power observing using the dual sideband receivers in Bands 9 and 10 requires the separation of the two sidebands; this procedure has been demonstrated in Band 9 and is undergoing further testing in Band 10.

Development and testing of Band 10 receivers for the ALMA project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uzawa, Y.; Fujii, Y.; Gonzalez, A.; Kaneko, K.; Kroug, M.; Kojima, T.; Kuroiwa, K.; Miyachi, A.; Saito, S.; Makise, K.; Wang, Z.; Asayama, S.

2013-01-01

Highlights: •The ALMA Band 10 (787–950 GHz) SIS receivers have been developed. •The complex conductivity of NbTiN was measured by a THz-TDS for the mixer design. •Tens of Band 10 receivers have been produced and their performance was quite well. •The best achieved receiver noise temperature was 125 K corresponding to 3hf/k B . •Band 10 receiver installed in the ALMA antenna captured astronomical signals. -- Abstract: The production model of a dual polarization heterodyne receiver for the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimteter Array (ALMA) telescope has been developed to operate in the 787–950 GHz frequency band. The receiver uses two double sideband (DSB) waveguide mixers with Nb/AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions and NbTiN/SiO 2 /Al microstrip tuning circuits on quartz substrate. A terahertz time domain spectrometer was used to characterize our NbTiN film for the tuning circuit design, which revealed that the complex conductivity of the film is described by the Mattis-Bardeen theory including a finite scattering time of 15 fs and a superconducting gap with a gap ratio 2Δ/k B T C ∼ 4.0. Tens of these receivers (out of the total production number of 73) have been successfully produced, and their performance is well within the stringent ALMA requirements. The best achieved DSB receiver noise temperature is 125 K, corresponding to about 3hf/k B for 4 K operation. One of Band 10 receivers has successfully been installed in the ALMA antenna for a test observation

Los personajes de la “otra” ciudad en El rincón de los justos y en dos cuentos de Huilo Ruales Hualca (marginales y marginalidad)

OpenAIRE

Rivadeneira Aseicha, Luis Alberto

2004-01-01

El propósito principal de nuestra tesis es estudiar, dentro de las tendencias de la nueva narrativa ecuatoriana, la marginalidad urbana en la novela El rincón de los justos, de Jorge Velasco M., y en los cuentos “leyendas olvidadas del reino de la tuentifor” y “el alma al diablo”, de Huilo Ruales H. Para ello, empezamos por describir el enfoque socio-político que vivió nuestro país en la década de los setenta, cuando, paralelamente a la gran riqueza económica que generó el auge petro...

Development and testing of Band 10 receivers for the ALMA project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uzawa, Y., E-mail: y.uzawa@nao.ac.jp [National Astronomical Observatory, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Fujii, Y.; Gonzalez, A.; Kaneko, K.; Kroug, M.; Kojima, T.; Kuroiwa, K.; Miyachi, A. [National Astronomical Observatory, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Saito, S.; Makise, K.; Wang, Z. [National Institute of Information and Telecommunications Technology, 588-2 Iwaoka, Iwaoka-cho, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2492 (Japan); Asayama, S. [Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago (Chile)

2013-11-15

Highlights: •The ALMA Band 10 (787–950 GHz) SIS receivers have been developed. •The complex conductivity of NbTiN was measured by a THz-TDS for the mixer design. •Tens of Band 10 receivers have been produced and their performance was quite well. •The best achieved receiver noise temperature was 125 K corresponding to 3hf/k{sub B}. •Band 10 receiver installed in the ALMA antenna captured astronomical signals. -- Abstract: The production model of a dual polarization heterodyne receiver for the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimteter Array (ALMA) telescope has been developed to operate in the 787–950 GHz frequency band. The receiver uses two double sideband (DSB) waveguide mixers with Nb/AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions and NbTiN/SiO{sub 2}/Al microstrip tuning circuits on quartz substrate. A terahertz time domain spectrometer was used to characterize our NbTiN film for the tuning circuit design, which revealed that the complex conductivity of the film is described by the Mattis-Bardeen theory including a finite scattering time of 15 fs and a superconducting gap with a gap ratio 2Δ/k{sub B}T{sub C} ∼ 4.0. Tens of these receivers (out of the total production number of 73) have been successfully produced, and their performance is well within the stringent ALMA requirements. The best achieved DSB receiver noise temperature is 125 K, corresponding to about 3hf/k{sub B} for 4 K operation. One of Band 10 receivers has successfully been installed in the ALMA antenna for a test observation.

Los detectives salvajes y el ocaso de las vanguardias

OpenAIRE

Pérez, Alberto Julián

2009-01-01

Este artículo estudia cómo Bolaño asoció en esta novela la poesía mexicana de las vanguardias históricas del 20, con las neovanguardias de los 60 y los 70 en México. La obsesión de los personajes de esta novela con la poesía se vuelve la razón última de su búsqueda, que es también la búsqueda por el alma de la poesía como modo último de trascendencia en el mundo de la literatura. This article studies how Bolaño related in this novel the poetry of the Mexican Avant-Garde of the 20’s with th...

National Academy of Sciences Recommends Continued Support of ALMA Project

Science.gov (United States)

2000-05-01

A distinguished panel of scientists today announced their support for the continued funding of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) Project at a press conference given by the National Academy of Sciences. The ALMA Project is an international partnership between U.S. and European astronomy organizations to build a complete imaging telescope that will produce astronomical images at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. The U.S. partner is the National Science Foundation, through Associated Universities, Inc., (AUI), led by Dr. Riccardo Giacconi, and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO). "We are delighted at this show of continued support from our peers in the scientific community," said Dr. Robert Brown, ALMA U.S. Project Director and Deputy Director of NRAO. "The endorsement adds momentum to the recent strides we've made toward the building of this important telescope." In 1998, the National Research Council, the working arm of the National Academy of Sciences, charged the Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee to "survey the field of space- and ground-based astronomy and astrophysics" and to "recommend priorities for the most important new initiatives of the decade 2000-2010." In a report released today, the committee wrote that it "re-affirms the recommendations of the 1991 Astronomy and Astrophysics Survey Committee by endorsing the completion of . . . the Millimeter Array (MMA, now part of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array)." In the 1991 report "The Decade of Discovery," a previous committee chose the Millimeter Array as one of the most important projects of the decade 1990-2000. Early last year, the National Science Foundation signed a Memorandum of Understanding with a consortium of European organizations that effectively merged the MMA Project with the European Large Southern Array project. The combined project was christened the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. ALMA, expected to consist of 64 antennas with 12-meter diameter dishes

U.S. and European ALMA Partners Sign Agreement Green Light for World's Most Powerful Radio Observatory

Science.gov (United States)

2003-02-01

Dr. Rita Colwell, director of the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), and Dr. Catherine Cesarsky, director general of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), today signed a historic agreement jointly to construct and operate ALMA, the Atacama Large Millimeter Array, the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope operating at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths. "With this agreement, we usher in a new age of research in astronomy," said Dr. Colwell. "By working together in this truly global partnership, the international astronomy community will be able to ensure the research capabilities needed to meet the long-term demands of our scientific enterprise, and we will be able to study and understand our Universe in ways that have previously been beyond our vision." ALMA Array Artist's Conception of ALMA Array in Compact Configuration (Click on Image for Larger Version) Other Images Available: Artist's conception of the antennas for the Atacama Large Millimeter Array Moonrise over ALMA test equipment near Cerro Chajnantor, Chile VertexRSI antenna at the VLA test site Dr. Cesarsky also commented, "This agreement signifies the start of a great project of contemporary astronomy and astrophysics. Representing Europe, and in collaboration with many laboratories and institutes on this continent, we together look forward toward wonderful research projects. With ALMA, we may learn how the earliest galaxies in the Universe really looked like, to mention but one of the many eagerly awaited opportunities with this marvelous facility." When complete in 2011, ALMA will be an array of 64, 12-meter radio antennas that will work together as one telescope to study millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelength light from space. These wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cross the critical boundary between infrared and microwave radiation, hold the key to understanding such processes as planet and star formation, the formation of early galaxies and galaxy

AlmaDL Journals: servizi di qualità per l’editoria scientifica ad accesso aperto dell’Università di Bologna

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marialaura Vignocchi

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The article illustrates AlmaDL Journals, the open access e-publishing service supporting scientific peer reviewed journals edited by Departments and research groups of the University of Bologna. Digital technologies and the Internet have deeply changed the way researchers and scholars access and share information. Moreover new technologies challenge professionals involved in the publishing value chain and publication life cycle at various levels. The traditional scholarly communication model fails to meet researchers’ needs and expectations. Initiatives such as the AlmaDL Journals seeks to provide alternative models that take full advantage of the digital environment and new media while ensuring quality requirements and the traditional functions of scientific serial publications.

Aproximación de la universidad, a la situación de salud de la población y a los servicios de salud en Cuba Rapprochement of university to population health situation and to health services in Cuba

OpenAIRE

Eduardo Joaquín Alemañy Pérez; Alina María Segredo Pérez; María Clarivel Presno Labrador; Gladys María de la Torre Castro

2011-01-01

Se realiza un breve recuento histórico sobre la atención primaria de salud y la medicina familiar, como especialidad efectora de los servicios, a partir de las definiciones realizadas en los informes de la Comisión Millis en 1966, del Comité Adjunto de la Asociación Médica Norteamericana para la educación médica, y la Conferencia Internacional de Alma Ata en 1978. Posteriormente se aborda por décadas el desarrollo de recursos humanos en el Sistema Nacional de Salud, a partir del triunfo revol...

ALMA Long Baseline Observations of the Dynamical Atmospheres of AGB Stars

Science.gov (United States)

Vlemmings, Wouter

2018-04-01

I will present the current status of ALMA long baseline observations of W Hya, R Leo, R Dor and Mira. We have recently obtained band 4, 6 and 7 observations of the line and continuum emission tracing the temperature and dynamics in their extended atmosphere. Our preliminary analysis confirms our previous detection of a hotspot on W Hya, and reveals unexpected lines in most of the sources, as well as possible fast rotation in the atmopshere of one of the stars. The observations show the unique power of ALMA in observing the extended stellar atmospheres.

ALMA Array Operations Group process overview

Science.gov (United States)

Barrios, Emilio; Alarcon, Hector

2016-07-01

ALMA Science operations activities in Chile are responsibility of the Department of Science Operations, which consists of three groups, the Array Operations Group (AOG), the Program Management Group (PMG) and the Data Management Group (DMG). The AOG includes the Array Operators and have the mission to provide support for science observations, operating safely and efficiently the array. The poster describes the AOG process, management and operational tools.

Una Nueva Perspectiva de los Informes Financieros en Contabilidad Pública: Los Indicadores de Gestión

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabel Brusca Alijarde

1997-12-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo alcanzado por los sistemas contables de las administraciones públicas en los últimos años ha sido intenso, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, con el objetivo de que éstos proporcionen la información demandada por los usuarios para la toma de decisiones. Esto ha llevado a la implantación de informes financieros de contenido similar a los del sector empresarial, ampliando así la tradicional información presupuestaria. Ahora bien, una de las novedades más importantes es el interés demostrado para dar respuesta a la necesidad de proporcionar información sobre la economía, eficiencia y eficacia en el contexto de las administraciones públicas, apareciendo los indicadores de gestión como un nuevo componente de los informes financieros. The development reached by public accounting systems over the last few years has been intense, both at the national and international level, with the aim of providing the information demanded by the users for the decision making process. This has led to the introduction of financial reports with similar disclosure to those of the business sector. Thereby extending the traditional budgetary reporting. However, one of the most important new developments is the interest shown in meeting the objective of supplying information about economy, efficiency and effectiveness in public administration context, with performance indicators appearing as a new component of financial reports.

GENÇ PAZARIN SATIN ALMA TARZLARININ BELİRLENMESİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

OpenAIRE

Ünal, Sevtap; Erciş, Aysel

2010-01-01

Özet: Tüketici satın alma davranışı oldukça karmaşık bir süreçtir. Satınalma eylemini gerçekleştirirken tüketici, birçok iç ve dış etkenin katılımı ilekararlarını alır. Tüketicinin satın alma şekli ve seçtiği yöntem bir tarzgeliştirmesini sağlar. Geliştirilen bu tarz, tüketicinin temel satın alma kararınayönelik tutumlarını açıklar. Gençler tüketici olarak pazarda önemli bir payasahiptirl...

El (reconocimiento de la madre en La mitad del alma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra J. Schumm

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen: La mitad del alma de Carme Riera, en que C rememora a su madre, enfatiza la importancia del reconocimiento de las mujeres en la memoria histórica. Desde el mito griego de Atena, quien ignoraba a su madre Metis, la sociedad patriarcal ha excluido a la madre, lo cual promete que la hija conlleve negación también, según Amber Jacobs en On Matricide. Jacobs observa que en La Oresteia hay crímenes sancionados contra las mujeres, las hijas están deprimidas, existe incesto contra la hija, la reproducción familiar se paraliza, toda la sociedad sufre y la hija se desperdicia también cuando la madre es menospreciada. Jacobs afirma que este desprecio de la madre que transcurría en los mitos griegos continúa en la sociedad y la psicología hoy en día. En esta novela de Riera, la hija protagonista, quien desconoce a su madre, sufre de un estado depresivo, la falta de creatividad y una conexión demasiado fuerte con su padre, semejante a lo que Jacobs observa en los mitos, pero la escritura de C sobre su madre la integrará en la consciencia y mejorará la situación de la hija y, últimamente, la de toda la civilización.Summary: Carme Riera‟s La mitad del alma, in which C recollects her mother, emphasizes the importance of the recognition of women in historic memory. Ever since the Greek myth of Athena, who was ignorant of the existence of her mother, Metis, patriarchal society has excluded the mother, a fact which promises that the daughter will also experience negation, according to Amber Jacobs in On Matricide. Jacobs observes that in La Oresteia there are sanctioned crimes against women, the daughters are depressed, there is incest against the daughter, she is dishonored, family reproduction stops, and all of society suffers when the mother is not appreciated. Jacobs affirms that the distain of the mother that took place in Greek myths continues in society and psychology today. In this novel by Riera, the protagonist/daughter, who

Perder e recuperar a alma: tendências recentes na psicologia social da religião norte-americana e européia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paiva Geraldo José de

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A palavra alma, do vocabulário religioso e psicológico, desapareceu da linha-mestra da psicologia. Com ela desapareceu o conceito de uma instância essencial da realidade humana. Ao contrário das denotações que identificam alma, espírito e mente e contrapõem alma a corpo, parece possível restituir a articulação originária dessas palavras nas fontes hebraicas da Bíblia, nas expressões idiomáticas das línguas ocidentais e no vocabulário psicológico fundador. Não é o uso da palavra alma, mas a recusa de seu desemprego, que torna interessante para o psicoterapeuta a serviço da alma, a atenção para estudos recentes, norte-americanos e europeus, que tentam restituir à alma sua posição estrutural e dinâmica na psique.

The Northern arc of Eridani’s Debris Ring as seen by ALMA

OpenAIRE

Booth, Mark; Dent, William R. F.; Jordán, Andrés; Lestrade, Jean-François; Hales, Antonio S.; Wyatt, Mark C.; Casassus, Simon; Ertel, Steve; Greaves, Jane; Kennedy, Grant M.; Matrà, Luca; Augereau, Jean-Charles; Villard, Eric

2017-01-01

We present the first Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the closest known extrasolar debris disc. This disc orbits the star ε Eri, a K-type star just 3.2 pc away. Due to the proximity of the star, the entire disc cannot fit within the ALMA field of view. Therefore, the observations have been centred 18" North of the star, providing us with a clear detection of the Northern arc of the ring, at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. The observed disc emission is found to be na...

Observing the Sun with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA): Fast-Scan Single-Dish Mapping

Science.gov (United States)

White, S. M.; Iwai, K.; Phillips, N. M.; Hills, R. E.; Hirota, A.; Yagoubov, P.; Siringo, G.; Shimojo, M.; Bastian, T. S.; Hales, A. S.; Sawada, T.; Asayama, S.; Sugimoto, M.; Marson, R. G.; Kawasaki, W.; Muller, E.; Nakazato, T.; Sugimoto, K.; Brajša, R.; Skokić, I.; Bárta, M.; Kim, S.; Remijan, A. J.; de Gregorio, I.; Corder, S. A.; Hudson, H. S.; Loukitcheva, M.; Chen, B.; De Pontieu, B.; Fleishmann, G. D.; Gary, D. E.; Kobelski, A.; Wedemeyer, S.; Yan, Y.

2017-07-01

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) radio telescope has commenced science observations of the Sun starting in late 2016. Since the Sun is much larger than the field of view of individual ALMA dishes, the ALMA interferometer is unable to measure the background level of solar emission when observing the solar disk. The absolute temperature scale is a critical measurement for much of ALMA solar science, including the understanding of energy transfer through the solar atmosphere, the properties of prominences, and the study of shock heating in the chromosphere. In order to provide an absolute temperature scale, ALMA solar observing will take advantage of the remarkable fast-scanning capabilities of the ALMA 12 m dishes to make single-dish maps of the full Sun. This article reports on the results of an extensive commissioning effort to optimize the mapping procedure, and it describes the nature of the resulting data. Amplitude calibration is discussed in detail: a path that uses the two loads in the ALMA calibration system as well as sky measurements is described and applied to commissioning data. Inspection of a large number of single-dish datasets shows significant variation in the resulting temperatures, and based on the temperature distributions, we derive quiet-Sun values at disk center of 7300 K at λ = 3 mm and 5900 K at λ = 1.3 mm. These values have statistical uncertainties of about 100 K, but systematic uncertainties in the temperature scale that may be significantly larger. Example images are presented from two periods with very different levels of solar activity. At a resolution of about 25'', the 1.3 mm wavelength images show temperatures on the disk that vary over about a 2000 K range. Active regions and plages are among the hotter features, while a large sunspot umbra shows up as a depression, and filament channels are relatively cool. Prominences above the solar limb are a common feature of the single-dish images.

Interaction design challenges and solutions for ALMA operations monitoring and control

Science.gov (United States)

Pietriga, Emmanuel; Cubaud, Pierre; Schwarz, Joseph; Primet, Romain; Schilling, Marcus; Barkats, Denis; Barrios, Emilio; Vila Vilaro, Baltasar

2012-09-01

The ALMA radio-telescope, currently under construction in northern Chile, is a very advanced instrument that presents numerous challenges. From a software perspective, one critical issue is the design of graphical user interfaces for operations monitoring and control that scale to the complexity of the system and to the massive amounts of data users are faced with. Early experience operating the telescope with only a few antennas has shown that conventional user interface technologies are not adequate in this context. They consume too much screen real-estate, require many unnecessary interactions to access relevant information, and fail to provide operators and astronomers with a clear mental map of the instrument. They increase extraneous cognitive load, impeding tasks that call for quick diagnosis and action. To address this challenge, the ALMA software division adopted a user-centered design approach. For the last two years, astronomers, operators, software engineers and human-computer interaction researchers have been involved in participatory design workshops, with the aim of designing better user interfaces based on state-of-the-art visualization techniques. This paper describes the process that led to the development of those interface components and to a proposal for the science and operations console setup: brainstorming sessions, rapid prototyping, joint implementation work involving software engineers and human-computer interaction researchers, feedback collection from a broader range of users, further iterations and testing.

Alma-0: an imperative language that supports declarative programming

NARCIS (Netherlands)

K.R. Apt (Krzysztof); J. Brunekreef; V. Partinton; A. Schaerf

1997-01-01

textabstractWe describe here an implemented small programming language, called Alma, that augments the expressive power of imperative programming by a limited number of features inspired by the logic programming paradigm. These additions encourage declarative programming and make it a more

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF Ly α BLOB 1: HALO SUBSTRUCTURE ILLUMINATED FROM WITHIN

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Geach, J. E. [Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, AL10 9AB (United Kingdom); Narayanan, D. [Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Haverford College, PA 19041 (United States); Matsuda, Y.; Ao, Y.; Kubo, M. [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Hayes, M. [Stockholm University, Dept. of Astronomy and Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, SE-10691, Stockholm (Sweden); Mas-Ribas, Ll.; Dijkstra, M. [Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo (Norway); Steidel, C. C. [California Institute of Technology, 1216 East California Boulevard, MS 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Chapman, S. C. [Dept. of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2 (Canada); Feldmann, R. [Dept. of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Avison, A. [UK ALMA Regional Centre Node, Manchester (United Kingdom); Agertz, O. [Dept. of Physics, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, Surrey (United Kingdom); Birkinshaw, M.; Bremer, M. N. [H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL (United Kingdom); Clements, D. L. [Astrophysics Group, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ (United Kingdom); Dannerbauer, H. [Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife (Spain); Farrah, D. [Dept. of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 (United States); Harrison, C. M. [Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Dept. of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE (United Kingdom); Michałowski, M. J., E-mail: j.geach@herts.ac.uk [Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ (United Kingdom); and others

2016-11-20

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) 850 μ m continuum observations of the original Ly α Blob (LAB) in the SSA22 field at z = 3.1 (SSA22-LAB01). The ALMA map resolves the previously identified submillimeter source into three components with a total flux density of S {sub 850} = 1.68 ± 0.06 mJy, corresponding to a star-formation rate of ∼150 M {sub ⊙} yr{sup -1}. The submillimeter sources are associated with several faint ( m ≈ 27 mag) rest-frame ultraviolet sources identified in Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) clear filter imaging ( λ ≈ 5850 Å). One of these companions is spectroscopically confirmed with the Keck Multi-Object Spectrometer For Infra-Red Exploration to lie within 20 projected kpc and 250 km s{sup -1} of one of the ALMA components. We postulate that some of these STIS sources represent a population of low-mass star-forming satellites surrounding the central submillimeter sources, potentially contributing to their growth and activity through accretion. Using a high-resolution cosmological zoom simulation of a 10{sup 13} M {sub ⊙} halo at z = 3, including stellar, dust, and Ly α radiative transfer, we can model the ALMA+STIS observations and demonstrate that Ly α photons escaping from the central submillimeter sources are expected to resonantly scatter in neutral hydrogen, the majority of which is predicted to be associated with halo substructure. We show how this process gives rise to extended Ly α emission with similar surface brightness and morphology to observed giant LABs.

Detection and mapping of organic molecules in Titan's atmosphere using ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Cordiner, Martin

2016-06-01

Titan's atmospheric photochemistry results in the production of a wide range of organic molecules, including hydrocarbons, nitriles, aromatics and other complex species of possible pre-biotic relevance. Studies of Titan's atmospheric chemistry thus provide a unique opportunity to explore the origin and evolution of organic matter in primitive (terrestrial) planetary atmospheres. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a powerful new facility, well suited to the study of molecular emission from Titan's upper and middle-atmosphere. Results will be presented from our ongoing studies of Titan using ALMA data obtained during the period 2012-2014 [1,2], including detection and mapping of emission from C2H5CN, HNC, HC3N, CH3CN and CH3CCH. In addition, combining data from multiple ALMA Band 6 observations, we obtained high-resolution spectra with unprecedented sensitivity, enabling the first detection of C2H3CN (vinyl cyanide) on Titan, and derived a mean C2H3CN C2H5CN abundance ratio above 300 km of 0.3. Vinyl cyanide has recently been investigated as a possible constituent of (pre-biotic) vesicle membranes in Titan's liquid CH4 oceans [3]. Radiative transfer models and possible chemical formation pathways for the detected molecules will be discussed. ALMA observations provide instantaneous snapshot mapping of Titan's entire Earth-facing hemisphere for gases inaccessible to previous studies, and therefore provide new insights into photochemical production and transport, particularly at higher altitudes. Our maps show spatially resolved peaks in Titan's northern and southern hemispheres, consistent with the molecular distributions found in previous studies at infrared wavelengths by Voyager and Cassini, but high-altitude longitudinal asymmetries in our nitrile data indicate that the mesosphere may be more spatially variable than previously thought.

QUIESCENT PROMINENCES IN THE ERA OF ALMA: SIMULATED OBSERVATIONS USING THE 3D WHOLE-PROMINENCE FINE STRUCTURE MODEL

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gunár, Stanislav; Heinzel, Petr [Astronomical Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 25165 Ondřejov (Czech Republic); Mackay, Duncan H. [School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS (United Kingdom); Anzer, Ulrich [Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, D-85740 Garching bei München (Germany)

2016-12-20

We use the detailed 3D whole-prominence fine structure model to produce the first simulated high-resolution ALMA observations of a modeled quiescent solar prominence. The maps of synthetic brightness temperature and optical thickness shown in the present paper are produced using a visualization method for synthesis of the submillimeter/millimeter radio continua. We have obtained the simulated observations of both the prominence at the limb and the filament on the disk at wavelengths covering a broad range that encompasses the full potential of ALMA. We demonstrate here extent to which the small-scale and large-scale prominence and filament structures will be visible in the ALMA observations spanning both the optically thin and thick regimes. We analyze the relationship between the brightness and kinetic temperature of the prominence plasma. We also illustrate the opportunities ALMA will provide for studying the thermal structure of the prominence plasma from the cores of the cool prominence fine structure to the prominence–corona transition region. In addition, we show that detailed 3D modeling of entire prominences with their numerous fine structures will be important for the correct interpretation of future ALMA observations of prominences.

Urban quality of life and industrial project management: the case of Alcan aluminium smelter in Alma, Quebec, Canada

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simard, M.

2003-01-01

This quality-of-life study involving the population of Alma (30 126 inhabitants) is part of a five-year, multidisciplinary research program entitled 'Modelisation du suivi des impacts sociaux de l'aluminerie Alma'. The goal of this research program is to document the social impacts arising from the establishment of the Alcan industrial mega-complex in Alma (see Map 1). The Alma smelter began operation in 2001. It employs 865 people and has a production capacity of 407 000 MT of aluminium ingots. The research program is being carried out in parallel with the project, rather than retroactively. Thus, various thematic reports have been published on topics such as the project's economic spin-off and changes in the housing and transportation sectors. More specifically, this study aims to gauge the perceptions of Alma residents regarding their quality of life as stakeholders. In order to ensure that the study produced a more accurate indication of the community's evolution and to tie the study in with the various phases of the implementation of this industrial mega-project, it was conducted in three parts, i.e., in 1998, 2000 and 2002, corresponding to the planning, construction and operation phases. (author)

ALMA observations of Titan's atmospheric chemistry and seasonal variation

Science.gov (United States)

Cordiner, Martin

2017-04-01

Titan is the largest moon of Saturn, with a thick (1.45 bar) atmosphere composed primarily of molecular nitrogen and methane. Photochemistry in Titan's upper atmosphere results in the production of a wide range of organic molecules, including hydrocarbons, nitriles and aromatics, some of which could be of pre-biotic relevance. Thus, we obtain insights into the possible molecular inventories of primitive (reducing) planetary atmospheres. Titan's atmosphere also provides a unique laboratory for testing our understanding of fundamental processes involving the chemistry and spectroscopy of complex organic molecules. In this talk, results will be presented from our studies using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) during the period 2012-2015, focussing in particular on the detection and mapping of emission from various nitrile species. By combining data from multiple ALMA observations, our spectra have reached an unprecedented sensitivity level, enabling the first spectroscopic detection and mapping of C2H3CN (vinyl cyanide) on Titan. Liquid-phase simulations of Titan's seas indicate that vinyl cyanide molecules could combine to form vesicle membranes (similar to the cells of terrestrial biology), and the astrobiological implications of this discovery will be discussed. Furthermore, ALMA observations provide instantaneous snapshot mapping of Titan's entire Earth-facing hemisphere, for gases inaccessible to previous instruments. Combined with complementary data obtained from the Cassini Saturn orbiter, as well as theoretical models and laboratory studies, our observed, seasonally variable, spatially resolved abundance patterns are capable of providing new insights into photochemical production and transport in primitive planetary atmospheres in the Solar System and beyond.

The Academic Publication Service AlmaDL Journals and the New Challenges of Open Access

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Piero Grandesso

2018-03-01

Full Text Available AlmaDL Journals is an Open Access publishing service of the University of Bologna, Italy. After 5 years from the publication of the first paper in Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage about the service, we review the transformations and the growth it has experienced during this time span, with a look at the changes that have occurred in Open Access publishing that have driven and inspired the modifications adopted by AlmaDL Journals.

Perder e recuperar a alma: tendências recentes na psicologia social da religião norte-americana e européia

OpenAIRE

Paiva Geraldo José de

2002-01-01

A palavra alma, do vocabulário religioso e psicológico, desapareceu da linha-mestra da psicologia. Com ela desapareceu o conceito de uma instância essencial da realidade humana. Ao contrário das denotações que identificam alma, espírito e mente e contrapõem alma a corpo, parece possível restituir a articulação originária dessas palavras nas fontes hebraicas da Bíblia, nas expressões idiomáticas das línguas ocidentais e no vocabulário psicológico fundador. Não é o uso da palavra alma, mas a re...

A Sideband-Separating Mixer Upgrade for ALMA Band 9

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hesper, R.; Gerlofsma, G.; Mena, P.; Spaans, M.; Baryshev, A.

2009-01-01

The ALMA band 9 (600-720 GHz) receiver cartridge, as currently being produced, features two single-ended (dual sideband) SIS mixers in orthogonal polarisations. In the case of spectral line observations in the presence of atmospheric backgound, the integration time to reach a certain desired signal

Imaging of Stellar Surfacess Using Radio Facilities Including ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

O'Gorman, Eamon

2018-04-01

Until very recently, studies focusing on imaging stars at continuum radio wavelengths (here defined as submillimeter, millimeter, and centimeter wavelengths) has been scarce. These studies have mainly been carried out with the Very Large Array on a handful of evolved stars (i.e., Asymptotic Giant Branch and Red Supergiant stars) whereby their stellar disks have just about been spatially resolved. Some of these results however, have challenged our historical views on the nature of evolved star atmospheres. Now, the very long baselines of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the newly upgraded Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array provide a new opportunity to image these atmospheres at unprecedented spatial resolution and sensitivity across a much wider portion of the radio spectrum. In this talk I will first provide a history of stellar radio imaging and then discuss some recent exciting ALMA results. Finally I will present some brand new multi-wavelength ALMA and VLA results for the famous red supergiant Antares.

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (alma): Early Results

Science.gov (United States)

Wootten, Alwyn

2012-06-01

New radioastronomical instruments, such as ALMA or the Jansky VLA, have increased spectral throughput by orders of magnitude over previously available capabilities. ALMA brings orders of magnitude increases in spectral sensitivity and spatial resolution over what has previously been available. These increased capabilities open new possibilities for studies of complex molecules in the interstellar medium. Complex interstellar molecules may form on the surfaces of interstellar grains, after which they may be liberated into the gas phase by shocks, radiation, or other external influences. Emission from complex molecules may be diluted owing to the large number of transitions large molecules may undergo, particularly in warm regions of interstellar clouds. High sensitivity and spatial resolution are necessary to explore the distributions and relationships of these molecules. Of particular interest are the distributions of large organic molecules. Observations which establish the relationships between various large molecules are now emerging from these new instruments and will be discussed.

Non-Equilibrium Chemistry of O-Rich AGB Stars as Revealed by ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Ka Tat

2018-04-01

Chemical models suggest that pulsation driven shocks propagating from the stellar surfaces of oxygen-rich evolved stars to the dust formation zone trigger non-equilibrium chemistry in the shocked gas near the star, including the formation of carbon-bearing molecules in the stellar winds dominated by oxygen-rich chemistry. Recent long-baseline ALMA observations are able to give us a detailed view of the molecular line emission and absorption at an angular resolution of a few stellar radii. I am going to present the latest results from the ALMA observations of IK Tau and o Cet in late 2017, with a particular focus on HCN.

Caracterización de los delitos informáticos en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iván Manjarrés Bolaño

2012-07-01

Full Text Available ResumenEs evidente que los avances tecnológicos demuestran la evolución del hombre, y eso lo podemos comprobar a través de los medios que permiten el almacenamiento, la transmisión y la administración de la información. Avances que han modificado el vivir diario de las personas y de las organizaciones, las cuales reflejan el aumento de transacciones comerciales, comercio electrónico, comunicaciones en línea, los procesos industriales, las investigaciones, la seguridad, la sanidad, etc., pero los sistemas de información que han permitido mejorar ostensiblemente los procesos al interior de las organizaciones, son los que al mismo tiempo han generado una serie de comportamientos ilícitos, que se les denomina “Delitos Informáticos”, y es el tema a abordar en este artículo de investigación, que se enmarca dentro del proyecto interdisciplinar titulado La seguridad en los Delitos informáticos desarrollado por estudiantes y docentes de los programas de Derecho e Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Corporación Universitaria Americana. AbstractIt is clear that technological advances show the evolution of man, and we can check through the means for storage, transmission and information management. Advances that have changed the daily life of individuals and organizations, which reflect increased business transactions, electronic commerce, online communications , industrial processes , research , safety , health, etc. . , But systems information that allowed significantly improve processes within organizations are at the same time have created a series of unlawful conduct, which are called “ Computer Crimes “ and is the subject addressed in this research article, that is part of the interdisciplinary project entitled security in cybercrime developed by students and teachers of law programs and Systems Engineering of the American University Corporation.

The Best of Two Worlds: ALMA + IRAM30M Observations of the Orion Integral Shape Filament

Science.gov (United States)

Hacar Gonzalez, Alvaro

2018-01-01

We have investigated the internal gas structure of the Orion Integral Shape filament using two large-scale, 150-pointing ALMA-12m mosaics and previous IRAM30m single-dish (SD) observations. From the combination of both single-dish and interferometric data we have produced a high-dynamic range and high-sensitivity map describing the internal gas structure of this filament at scales between 2 pc and 2000 AU (Hacar et al, submitted to A&A). In a series of individual CASA reductions (w/o SD data + w/o feathering), we have investigated the impact of the different uv-coverages on both the total flux and line velocity structure of our ALMA maps. Our analysis highlights the critical role played by the zero-spacing data at the different stages of the cleaning process. The results of these ALMA+IRAM30m experiments emphasize the need of high-sensitivity SD observations for the analysis of large-scale interferometric maps. During my talk, I will discuss the implications of these experiments on the dawn of the ALMA era and in the context of the new AtLAST telescope.

Medidas procesales especiales y proteccíon de los derechos humanos Informe general

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vervaele, J.A.E.

2009-01-01

El objetivo del informe general es realizar un análisis comparativo de los informes nacionales para evidenciar los procesos de transformación de los sistemas nacionales de justicia penal, en particular del proceso penal, en el que se han introducido medidas procesales especiales para hacer frente al

Health sector challenges and responses beyond the Alma-Ata Declaration: a Caribbean perspective Retos y respuestas del sector salud más allá de la declaración de Alma-Ata: una perspectiva Caribeña

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jasneth Mullings

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Al igual que el resto del mundo, el Caribe ha sido testigo del drástico paso de las enfermedades nutricionales y transmisibles a las enfermedades no transmisibles y crónicas. No obstante, en el Caribe este cambio ha coincidido con una nueva dinámica, creada por la emergencia de enfermedades transmisibles -como la infección por el VIH/sida- junto con los problemas relacionados con el envejecimiento, las enfermedades cardiovasculares, la violencia y las lesiones, entre otros. En este artículo se hace una revisión de la historia de la atención sanitaria en el Caribe, los retos y enfoques del sector salud y la nueva orientación en la atención primaria de salud (APS. Las observaciones se basan en trabajos publicados. En el Caribe, la Declaración de Alma-Ata sirvió como importante punto de giro y ofreció orientación, apoyo y dirección a medida que los países perfilaban sus servicios de salud para satisfacer sus necesidades. La creatividad y el ingenio surgieron como rasgos distintivos del enfoque caribeño en la reestructuración de la APS, ante los retos económicos, sociales, culturales, de recursos humanos y de políticas que enfrentaban. El fortalecimiento de de la capacidad institucional, la extensión de los programas sociales, los esquemas nacionales de seguros de salud, los programas específicos de promoción de salud y la ampliación de la investigación en apoyo al desarrollo de políticas continúan evidenciando el esfuerzo caribeño para responder a los cruciales retos epidemiológicos. A pesar de esos retos, se han establecido alianzas dentro y fuera del Caribe. Además, la Carta del Caribe para la Promoción de la Salud ha servido como elemento crítico para el desarrollo de la APS.

The complexity of Orion: an ALMA view. I. Data and first results

Science.gov (United States)

Pagani, L.; Favre, C.; Goldsmith, P. F.; Bergin, E. A.; Snell, R.; Melnick, G.

2017-07-01

Context. We wish to improve our understanding of the Orion central star formation region (Orion-KL) and disentangle its complexity. Aims: We collected data with ALMA during cycle 2 in 16 GHz of total bandwidth spread between 215.1 and 252.0 GHz with a typical sensitivity of 5 mJy/beam (2.3 mJy/beam from 233.4 to 234.4 GHz) and a typical beam size of 1.̋7 × 1.̋0 (average position angle of 89°). We produced a continuum map and studied the emission lines in nine remarkable infrared spots in the region including the hot core and the compact ridge, plus the recently discovered ethylene glycol peak. Methods: We present the data, and report the detection of several species not previously seen in Orion, including n- and I-propyl cyanide (C3H7CN), and the tentative detection of a number of other species including glycolaldehyde (CH2(OH)CHO). The first detections of gGg' ethylene glycol (gGg' (CH2OH)2) and of acetic acid (CH3COOH) in Orion are presented in a companion paper. We also report the possible detection of several vibrationally excited states of cyanoacetylene (HC3N), and of its 13C isotopologues. We were not able to detect the 16O18O line predicted by our detection of O2 with Herschel, due to blending with a nearby line of vibrationally excited ethyl cyanide. We do not confirm the tentative detection of hexatriynyl (C6H) and cyanohexatriyne (HC7N) reported previously, or of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) emission. Results: We report a complex velocity structure only partially revealed before. Components as extreme as -7 and +19 km s-1 are detected inside the hot region. Thanks to different opacities of various velocity components, in some cases we can position these components along the line of sight. We propose that the systematically redshifted and blueshifted wings of several species observed in the northern part of the region are linked to the explosion that occurred 500 yr ago. The compact ridge, noticeably farther south displays extremely narrow lines ( 1 km s

DETECTION OF LENSING SUBSTRUCTURE USING ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE DUSTY GALAXY SDP.81

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hezaveh, Yashar D.; Mao, Yao-Yuan; Morningstar, Warren; Blandford, Roger D.; Levasseur, Laurence Perreault; Wechsler, Risa H. [Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology and Department of Physics, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305-4085 (United States); Dalal, Neal; Wen, Di; Kemball, Athol; Vieira, Joaquin D. [Astronomy Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana IL 61801 (United States); Marrone, Daniel P. [Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Carlstrom, John E. [Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 (United States); Fassnacht, Christopher D. [Department of Physics, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (United States); Holder, Gilbert P. [Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 Rue University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8 (Canada); Marshall, Philip J. [Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology and Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94305 (United States); Murray, Norman [CITA, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto ON M5S 3H8 (Canada)

2016-05-20

We study the abundance of substructure in the matter density near galaxies using ALMA Science Verification observations of the strong lensing system SDP.81. We present a method to measure the abundance of subhalos around galaxies using interferometric observations of gravitational lenses. Using simulated ALMA observations we explore the effects of various systematics, including antenna phase errors and source priors, and show how such errors may be measured or marginalized. We apply our formalism to ALMA observations of SDP.81. We find evidence for the presence of a M = 10{sup 8.96±0.12} M {sub ⊙} subhalo near one of the images, with a significance of 6.9 σ in a joint fit to data from bands 6 and 7; the effect of the subhalo is also detected in both bands individually. We also derive constraints on the abundance of dark matter (DM) subhalos down to M ∼ 2 × 10{sup 7} M {sub ⊙}, pushing down to the mass regime of the smallest detected satellites in the Local Group, where there are significant discrepancies between the observed population of luminous galaxies and predicted DM subhalos. We find hints of additional substructure, warranting further study using the full SDP.81 data set (including, for example, the spectroscopic imaging of the lensed carbon monoxide emission). We compare the results of this search to the predictions of ΛCDM halos, and find that given current uncertainties in the host halo properties of SDP.81, our measurements of substructure are consistent with theoretical expectations. Observations of larger samples of gravitational lenses with ALMA should be able to improve the constraints on the abundance of galactic substructure.

DETECTION OF LENSING SUBSTRUCTURE USING ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE DUSTY GALAXY SDP.81

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hezaveh, Yashar D.; Mao, Yao-Yuan; Morningstar, Warren; Blandford, Roger D.; Levasseur, Laurence Perreault; Wechsler, Risa H.; Dalal, Neal; Wen, Di; Kemball, Athol; Vieira, Joaquin D.; Marrone, Daniel P.; Carlstrom, John E.; Fassnacht, Christopher D.; Holder, Gilbert P.; Marshall, Philip J.; Murray, Norman

2016-01-01

We study the abundance of substructure in the matter density near galaxies using ALMA Science Verification observations of the strong lensing system SDP.81. We present a method to measure the abundance of subhalos around galaxies using interferometric observations of gravitational lenses. Using simulated ALMA observations we explore the effects of various systematics, including antenna phase errors and source priors, and show how such errors may be measured or marginalized. We apply our formalism to ALMA observations of SDP.81. We find evidence for the presence of a M = 10 8.96±0.12 M ⊙ subhalo near one of the images, with a significance of 6.9 σ in a joint fit to data from bands 6 and 7; the effect of the subhalo is also detected in both bands individually. We also derive constraints on the abundance of dark matter (DM) subhalos down to M ∼ 2 × 10 7 M ⊙ , pushing down to the mass regime of the smallest detected satellites in the Local Group, where there are significant discrepancies between the observed population of luminous galaxies and predicted DM subhalos. We find hints of additional substructure, warranting further study using the full SDP.81 data set (including, for example, the spectroscopic imaging of the lensed carbon monoxide emission). We compare the results of this search to the predictions of ΛCDM halos, and find that given current uncertainties in the host halo properties of SDP.81, our measurements of substructure are consistent with theoretical expectations. Observations of larger samples of gravitational lenses with ALMA should be able to improve the constraints on the abundance of galactic substructure.

ALMA Spectroscopy of Titan's Atmosphere: First Detections of Vinyl Cyanide and Acetonitrile Isotopologues

Science.gov (United States)

Cordiner, Martin; Y Palmer, Maureen; Nixon, Conor A.; Charnley, Steven B.; Mumma, Michael J.; Irwin, Pat G. J.; Teanby, Nick A.; Kisiel, Zbigniew; Serigano, Joseph

2015-11-01

Studies of Titan's atmospheric chemistry provide a unique opportunity to explore the origin and evolution of complex organic matter in primitive planetary atmospheres. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a powerful new telescope, well suited to the study of molecular emission from Titan's stratosphere and mesosphere. Here we present early results from our ongoing study to exploit the large volume of Titan data taken using ALMA in Early Science Mode (during the period 2012-2014). Combining data from multiple ALMA Band 6 observations, we obtained high-resolution mm-wave spectra with unprecedented sensitivity, enabling the first detection of vinyl cyanide (C2H3CN) in Titan's atmosphere. Initial estimates indicate a mesospheric abundance ratio with respect to ethyl cyanide (C2H5CN) of [C2H3CN]/[C2H5CN] = 0.31. In addition, we report the first detections on Titan of the 13C and 15N-substituted isotopologues of acetonitrile (13CH3CN and CH3C15N). Radiative transfer models and possible chemical formation pathways for these molecules will be discussed.

Observations of CO in Titan's Atmosphere Using ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Serigano, Joseph; Nixon, Conor A.; Cordiner, Martin; Irwin, Patrick G. J.; Teanby, Nicholas; Charnley, Steven B.; Lindberg, Johan E.; Remijan, Anthony J.

2015-11-01

The advent of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has provided a powerful facility for probing the atmospheres of solar system targets at long wavelengths (84-720 GHz) where the rotational lines of small, polar molecules are prominent. In the dense, nitrogen-dominated atmosphere of Titan, photodissociation of molecular nitrogen and methane leads to a wealth of complex hydrocarbons and nitriles in small abundances. Past millimeter/submillimeter observations, including ground-based observations as well as those by the Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) aboard the Cassini spacecraft, have proven the significance of this wavelength region for the derivation of vertical mixing profiles, latitudinal and seasonal variations, and molecular detections. Previous ALMA studies of Titan have presented mapping and vertical column densities of hydrogen isocyanide (HNC) and cyanoacetylene (HC3N) (Cordiner et al. 2014) as well as the first spectroscopic detection of ethyl cyanide (C2H5CN) in Titan’s atmosphere (Cordiner et al. 2015).Here, we report several submillimetric observations of carbon monoxide (CO) and its isotopologues 13CO, C18O, and C17O in Titan’s atmosphere obtained with flux calibration data from the ALMA Science Archive. We employ NEMESIS, a line-by-line radiative transfer code, to determine the stratospheric abundances of these molecules. The abundance of CO in Titan's atmosphere is determined to be approximately 50±1 ppm, constant with altitude, and isotopic ratios are determined to be approximately 12C/13C = 90, 16O/18O = 470, and 16O/17O = 2800. This report presents the first spectroscopic detection of C17O in the outer solar system, detected at >11σ confidence. This talk will focus on isotopic ratios in CO in Titan's atmosphere and will compare our results to previously measured values for Titan and other bodies in the Solar System. General implications for the history of Titan from measurements of CO and its isotopologues will be

Quasi-optical assessment of the ALMA band 9 front-end

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Candotti, Massimo; Baryshev, Andrey M.; Trappe, Neil

The ALMA band 9 (600-720 GHz) receiver is a dual channel heterodyne system which is capable of detecting orthogonally polarised signals utilising a wire grid beam splitter. Two Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor (SIS) mixers mounted behind hybrid mode corrugated horns are coupled to the 12 m

Protostellar Jets: The Revolution with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Podio, Linda

2017-11-01

Fast and collimated molecular jets as well as slower wide-angle outflows are observed since the earliest stages of the formation of a new star, when the protostellar embryo accretes most of its final mass from the dense parental envelope. Early theoretical studies suggested that jets have a key role in this process as they can transport away angular momentum thus allowing the star to form without reaching its break-up speed. However, an observational validation of these theories is still challenging as it requires to investigate the interface between jets and disks on scales of fractions to tens of AUs. For this reason, many questions about the origin and feedback of protostellar jets remain unanswered, e.g. are jets ubiquitous at the earliest stages of star formation? Are they launched by a magneto-centrifugal mechanism as suggested by theoretical models? Are they able to remove (enough) angular momentum? What is the jet/outflow feedback on the forming star-disk system in terms of transported mass/momentum and shock-induced chemical alterations? The advent of millimetre interferometers such as NOEMA and ALMA with their unprecedented combination of angular resolution and sensitivity are now unraveling the core of pristine jet-disk systems. While NOEMA allows to obtain the first statistically relevant surveys of protostellar jet properties and ubiquity, recent ALMA observations provide the first solid signatures of jet rotation and new insight on the chemistry of the protostellar region. I will review the most recent and exciting results obtained in the field and show how millimetre interferometry is revolutionising our comprehension of protostellar jets.

Corpo e Alma em Foucault: Postulados para uma Metodologia da Psicologia

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Fernando de Almeida Silveira

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Michel Foucault destaca o corpo como expressão de poderes e de saberes que se articulam estrategicamente na história da sociedade ocidental. O corpo é, simultaneamente, agente e peça dentro de um jogo de forças presente em toda a rede social, que o torna depositário de marcas e de sinais que nele se inscrevem nesses embates, os quais, por sua vez, têm na corporeidade seu "campo de prova". E a alma surge como instrumento de atuação dos poderes/saberes sobre o corpo, no processo de constituição do corpo histórico dos sujeitos. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver postulados sobre o corpo e a alma em Foucault, para o estudo e a prática da Psicologia.

Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Urata, Y.; Huang, K.; Takahashi, S.

2015-12-01

We present multi-wavelength observations including sub-millimeter follow-ups for two GRB afterglows. The rapid SMA and multi-wavelength observations for GRB120326A revealed their complex emissions as the synchrotron self-inverse Compton radiation from reverse shock. The observations including ALMA for GRB131030A also showed the significant X-ray excess from the standard forward shock synchrotron model. Based on these results, we also discuss further observations for (A) constraining of the mass of progenitor with polarization, (B) the first confirmation of GRB jet collimation, and (C) revealing the origin of optically dark GRBs.

The Impacts of ALMA Primary Variables on Profitability An Empirical Study of Indonesian Banking (13-32

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Sapto Jumono

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This study aims to determine the impact of liquidity on BEP and ROE in Indonesian banking industry. The supporting theory in this study is ALMA theory. Based on annual data for the period 2001-2014 and following purposive sampling technique, the acquired amount of sample study is 97 banks. The data is analyzed using panel data regression of GMM Arrelano Bond, as a novelty in data processing, therefore the speed of adjustment can be known. The ALMA variables such as LAR, capital, leverage, operating expenses, interest income, and CAR sensitivity have a significant effect on BEP and ROE. Meanwhile LDR, NPL, the FBI have no impact on profitability. The implication of this study is the fact that banking performance in Indonesia can be leveled up through the reduction in mortgage interest rates and increment of credit volume and FBI. Keywords: Bank,ALMA,BEP,ROE,LAR,LDR,NPL,Capital

Poster 9: Isotopic Ratios of Carbon and Oxygen in Titan's CO using ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Serigano, Joseph; Nixion, Conor A.; Cordiner, Martin A.; Irwin, Patrick G. J.; Teanby, Nick A.; Charnley, Steven B.; Lindberg, Johan E.

2016-06-01

The advent of the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) has provided a new and powerful facility for probing the atmospheres of solar system targets at long wavelengths (84-720 GHz) where the rotational lines of small, polar molecules are prominent. In the complex atmosphere of Titan, photochemical processes dissociate and ionize molecular nitrogen and methane in the upper atmosphere, creating a complex inventory of trace hydrocarbons and nitriles. Additionally, the existence of oxygen on Titan facilitates the synthesis of molecules of potential astrobiological importance. Utilization of ground-based submillimeter observations of Titan has proven to be a powerful tool to complement results from spacecraft observations. ALMA provides the ability to probe this region in greater detail with unprecedented spectral and spatial resolution at high sensitivity, allowing for the derivation of vertical mixing profiles, molecular detections, and observations of latitudinal and seasonal variations. Recent ALMA studies of Titan have presented spectrally and spatially-resolved maps of HNC and HC3N emission (Cordiner et al. 2014), as well as the first spectroscopic detection of ethyl cyanide (C2H5CN) in Titan's atmosphere (Cordiner et al. 2015). This poster will focus on ALMA observations of carbon monoxide (CO) and its isotopologues 13CO, C18O, and C 17O in Titan's atmosphere. Molecular abundances and the vertical atmospheric temperature profile were derived by modeling the observed emission line profiles using NEMESIS, a line-by-line radiative transfer code (Irwin et al. 2008). This study reports the first spectroscopic detection of 17O in the outer solar system with C17O detected at >8σ confidence. The abundances of these molecules and isotopic ratios of 12C/13C, 16O/18O, and 16O/17O will be presented. General implications for the history of Titan from these measurements will be discussed.

Demonstration of a Data Distribution System for ALMA Data Cubes

Science.gov (United States)

Eguchi, S.; Kawasaki, W.; Shirasaki, Y.; Komiya, Y.; Kosugi, G.; Ohishi, M.; Mizumoto, Y.; Kobayashi, T.

2014-05-01

The Atacama Large Millimeter / submillimeter Array (ALMA) is the world's largest radio telescope in Chile. As a part of Japanese Virtual Observatory (JVO) system, we have been constructing a prototype of data service to distribute ALMA data, which are three or four dimensional cubes and expected to exceed 2 TB in total size, corresponding to 75 days at world-averaged Internet bandwidth of 2.6 Mbps, in the next three years. To utilize the limited bandwidth, our system adopts a higher dimensional version of so-called "deep zoom": the system generates and stores lower resolution FITS data cubes with various binning parameters in directions of both space and frequency. Users of our portal site can easily visualize and cut out those data cubes by using ALMAWebQL, which is a web application built on customized GWT. Once the FITS files are downloaded via ALMAWebQL, one can visualize them in more detail using Vissage, a Java-based FITS cube browser. We exhibited our web and desktop viewer “fresh from the oven” at the last ADASS conference (Shirasaki et al. 2013). Improvement of their performance and functionality after that made the system nearly to a practical level. The performance problem of ALMAWebQL reported last year (Eguchi et al. 2013) was overcome by optimizing the network topology and applying the just-in-time endian conversion algorithm; the latest ALMAWebQL can follow up any user actions almost in real time for files smaller than 5 GB. It also enables users to define either a sub-region or sub-frequency range and move it freely on the graphical user interface, providing more detailed information of the FITS file. In addition, the latest Vissage now supports data from other telescopes including HST, Subaru, Chandra, etc. and overlaying two images. In this paper, we introduce the latest version of our VO system.

Engineering within the assembly, verification, and integration (AIV) process in ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Lopez, Bernhard; McMullin, Joseph P.; Whyborn, Nicholas D.; Duvall, Eugene

2010-07-01

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a joint project between astronomical organizations in Europe, North America, and East Asia, in collaboration with the Republic of Chile. ALMA will consist of at least 54 twelve-meter antennas and 12 seven-meter antennas operating as an interferometer in the millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelength range. It will be located at an altitude above 5000m in the Chilean Atacama desert. As part of the ALMA construction phase the Assembly, Verification and Integration (AIV) team receives antennas and instrumentation from Integrated Product Teams (IPTs), verifies that the sub-systems perform as expected, performs the assembly and integration of the scientific instrumentation and verifies that functional and performance requirements are met. This paper aims to describe those aspects related to the AIV Engineering team, its role within the 4-station AIV process, the different phases the group underwent, lessons learned and potential space for improvement. AIV Engineering initially focused on the preparation of the necessary site infrastructure for AIV activities, on the purchase of tools and equipment and on the first ALMA system installations. With the first antennas arriving on site the team started to gather experience with AIV Station 1 beacon holography measurements for the assessment of the overall antenna surface quality, and with optical pointing to confirm the antenna pointing and tracking capabilities. With the arrival of the first receiver AIV Station 2 was developed which focuses on the installation of electrical and cryogenic systems and incrementally establishes the full connectivity of the antenna as an observing platform. Further antenna deliveries then allowed to refine the related procedures, develop staff expertise and to transition towards a more routine production process. Stations 3 and 4 deal with verification of the antenna with integrated electronics by the AIV Science Team and is not covered

A IMAGEM CONTRA A PURA REPRESENTAÇÃO: CORPOS, ALMAS E COSMOPOLÍTICA NA AMAZÔNIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leif Grunewald

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Um olhar sobre a noção de alma, conforme apresentada em um conjunto de etnografias sobre povos ameríndios, nos revela uma curiosa relação entre ‘alma’ e ‘imagem’, tratando-as como imagens corporais muito particulares dotadas da capacidade de se relacionar com variados centros de agência não humanos. Estas relações, como se sabe, são perigosas, uma vez que se corre eminente o risco da alma ser capturada ou agredida por formas de alteridade não humanas. Isso, claro, de um lado. De outro, as mesmas relações têm papel importante no xamanismo e na nominação. Este ensaio pretende, então, ampliar a compreensão sobre que tipo de imagem é esta chamada de alma nas paisagens amazônicas e como ela pode ser concebida como uma imagem que se furta à representação do corpo físico.

The ALMA high speed optical communication link is here: an essential component for reliable present and future operations

Science.gov (United States)

Filippi, G.; Ibsen, J.; Jaque, S.; Liello, F.; Ovando, N.; Astudillo, A.; Parra, J.; Saldias, Christian

2016-07-01

Announced in 2012, started in 2013 and completed in 2015, the ALMA high bandwidth communication system has become a key factor to achieve the operational and scientific goals of ALMA. This paper summarizes the technical, organizational, and operational goals of the ALMA Optical Link Project, focused in the creation and operation of an effective and sustainable communication infrastructure to connect the ALMA Operations Support Facility and Array Operations Site, both located in the Atacama Desert in the Northern region of Chile, with the point of presence of REUNA in Antofagasta, about 400km away, and from there to the Santiago Central Office in the Chilean capital through the optical infrastructure created by the EC-funded EVALSO project and now an integral part of the REUNA backbone. This new infrastructure completed in 2014 and now operated on behalf of ALMA by REUNA, the Chilean National Research and Education Network, uses state of the art technologies, like dark fiber from newly built cables and DWDM transmission, allowing extending the reach of high capacity communication to the remote region where the Observatory is located. The paper also reports on the results obtained during the first year and a half testing and operation period, where different operational set ups have been experienced for data transfer, remote collaboration, etc. Finally, the authors will present a forward look of the impact of it to both the future scientific development of the Chajnantor Plateau, where many installations area are (and will be) located, as well as the potential Chilean scientific backbone long term development.

The dust attenuation of star-forming galaxies at z ˜ 3 and beyond: New insights from ALMA observations

Science.gov (United States)

Fudamoto, Y.; Oesch, P. A.; Schinnerer, E.; Groves, B.; Karim, A.; Magnelli, B.; Sargent, M. T.; Cassata, P.; Lang, P.; Liu, D.; Le Fèvre, O.; Leslie, S.; Smolčić, V.; Tasca, L.

2017-11-01

We present results on the dust attenuation of galaxies at redshift ∼3-6 by studying the relationship between the UV spectral slope (βUV) and the infrared excess (IRX; LIR/LUV) using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) far-infrared continuum observations. Our study is based on a sample of 67 massive, star-forming galaxies with a median mass of M* ∼ 1010.7 M⊙ spanning a redshift range z = 2.6-3.7 (median z = 3.2) that were observed with ALMA at λ _{rest}=300 {μ m}. Both the individual ALMA detections (41 sources) and stacks including all galaxies show the IRX-βUV relationship at z ∼ 3 is mostly consistent with that of local starburst galaxies on average. However, we find evidence for a large dispersion around the mean relationship by up to ±0.5 dex. Nevertheless, the locally calibrated dust correction factors based on the IRX-βUV relation are on average applicable to main-sequence z ∼ 3 galaxies. This does not appear to be the case at even higher redshifts, however. Using public ALMA observations of z ∼ 4-6 galaxies we find evidence for a significant evolution in the IRX-βUV and the IRX-M* relations beyond z ∼ 3 towards lower IRX values. We discuss several caveats that could affect these results, including the assumed dust temperature. ALMA observations of larger z > 3 galaxy sample spanning a wide range of physical parameters (e.g. lower stellar mass) will be important to investigate this intriguing redshift evolution further.

The First ALMA Observation of a Solar Plasmoid Ejection from an X-Ray Bright Point

Science.gov (United States)

Shimojo, M.; Hudson, H. S.; White, S. M.; Bastian, T.; Iwai, K.

2017-12-01

Eruptive phenomena are important features of energy releases events, such solar flares, and have the potential to improve our understanding of the dynamics of the solar atmosphere. The 304 A EUV line of helium, formed at around 10^5 K, is found to be a reliable tracer of such phenomena, but the determination of physical parameters from such observations is not straightforward. We have observed a plasmoid ejection from an X-ray bright point simultaneously with ALMA, SDO/AIA, and Hinode/XRT. This paper reports the physical parameters of the plasmoid obtained by combining the radio, EUV, and X-ray data. As a result, we conclude that the plasmoid can consist either of (approximately) isothermal ˜10^5 K plasma that is optically thin at 100 GHz, or a ˜10^4 K core with a hot envelope. The analysis demonstrates the value of the additional temperature and density constraints that ALMA provides, and future science observations with ALMA will be able to match the spatial resolution of space-borne and other high-resolution telescopes.

Side-band-separating heterodyne mixer for band 9 of ALMA.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mena, F. P.; Baryshev, A. M.; Kooi, J.; Lodewijk, C. F. J.; Gerlofsma, G.; Hesper, R.; Wild, W.; Shen, XC; Lu, W; Zhang, J; Dou, WB

2006-01-01

Here we present the realization of a side-band-separating (2SB) heterodyne mixer for the frequency range from 602 to 720 GHz (corresponding to ALMA band 9). The mixer, in brief, consists of a quadrature hybrid, two LO injectors, two SIS junctions, and three dumping loads. All the parts were modeled

ALMA BAND 8 CONTINUUM EMISSION FROM ORION SOURCE I

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirota, Tomoya; Matsumoto, Naoko [Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Machida, Masahiro N.; Matsushita, Yuko [Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 819-0395 (Japan); Motogi, Kazuhito; Honma, Mareki [Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Hoshigaoka2-12, Mizusawa-ku, Oshu-shi, Iwate 023-0861 (Japan); Kim, Mi Kyoung [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Hwaam-dong 61-1, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-348 (Korea, Republic of); Burns, Ross A., E-mail: tomoya.hirota@nao.ac.jp [Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, Postbus 2, 7990 AA, Dwingeloo (Netherlands)

2016-12-20

We have measured continuum flux densities of a high-mass protostar candidate, a radio source I in the Orion KL region (Orion Source I) using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) at band 8 with an angular resolution of 0.″1. The continuum emission at 430, 460, and 490 GHz associated with Source I shows an elongated structure along the northwest–southeast direction perpendicular to the so-called low-velocity bipolar outflow. The deconvolved size of the continuum source, 90 au × 20 au, is consistent with those reported previously at other millimeter/submillimeter wavelengths. The flux density can be well fitted to the optically thick blackbody spectral energy distribution, and the brightness temperature is evaluated to be 700–800 K. It is much lower than that in the case of proton–electron or H{sup −} free–free radiations. Our data are consistent with the latest ALMA results by Plambeck and Wright, in which the continuum emission was proposed to arise from the edge-on circumstellar disk via thermal dust emission, unless the continuum source consists of an unresolved structure with a smaller beam filling factor.

The SOLA Team: A Star Formation Project To Study the Soul of Lupus with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

De Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar; Saito, M.; Rodon, J.; Takahashi, S.

2017-06-01

The SOLA team is a multi-national and multi-wavelength collaboration composed by scientists with technical expertise in ALMA and in infrared and optical techniques. The aim of the team is to establish a low-mass star formation scenario based on the Lupus molecular clouds. In this talk I will present our unique catalog of pre-stellar and proto-stellar cores toward Lupus molecular clouds, the results on our latest studies in protoplanetary disks, as well as our ALMA Cycle 3 data aiming at testing the formation mechanism of sub-stellar objects in Lupus molecular clouds.

Simbol-X: Synergies with JWST, ALMA and Herschel

Science.gov (United States)

Maiolino, R.

2009-05-01

I discuss the synergies between Simbol-X and three among the major astronomical facilities that, in the next decade, will be operative in the infrared-millimeter spectral range, namely JWST, Herschel and ALMA. I first provide a brief overview of the main features and observing capabilities offered by these facilities. Then I will discuss a few research fields (mostly extragalactic) that will geatly benefit of the joint exploitation of Simbol-X and these IR-mm observatories.

Not letting the perfect be the enemy of the good: steps toward science-ready ALMA images

Science.gov (United States)

Kepley, Amanda A.; Donovan Meyer, Jennifer; Brogan, Crystal; Moullet, Arielle; Hibbard, John; Indebetouw, Remy; Mason, Brian

2016-07-01

Historically, radio observatories have placed the onus of calibrating and imaging data on the observer, thus restricting their user base to those already initiated into the mysteries of radio data or those willing to develop these skills. To expand its user base, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has a high- level directive to calibrate users' data and, ultimately, to deliver scientifically usable images or cubes to principle investigators (PIs). Although an ALMA calibration pipeline is in place, all delivered images continue to be produced for the PI by hand. In this talk, I will describe on-going efforts at the Northern American ALMA Science Center to produce more uniform imaging products that more closely meet the PI science goals and provide better archival value. As a first step, the NAASC imaging group produced a simple imaging template designed to help scientific staff produce uniform imaging products. This script allowed the NAASC to maximize the productivity of data analysts with relatively little guidance by the scientific staff by providing a step-by-step guide to best practices for ALMA imaging. Finally, I will describe the role of the manually produced images in verifying the imaging pipeline and the on-going development of said pipeline. The development of the imaging template, while technically simple, shows how small steps toward unifying processes and sharing knowledge can lead to large gains for science data products.

Equilibrium chemical reaction of supersonic hydrogen-air jets (the ALMA computer program)

Science.gov (United States)

Elghobashi, S.

1977-01-01

The ALMA (axi-symmetrical lateral momentum analyzer) program is concerned with the computation of two dimensional coaxial jets with large lateral pressure gradients. The jets may be free or confined, laminar or turbulent, reacting or non-reacting. Reaction chemistry is equilibrium.

Una adaptación de un mito gnóstico con intención formativa en la antigüedad tardía: los demonios del capítulo 65 de la Vita Antonii de Atanasio de Alejandría

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Javier Fuertes

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Buscando profundizar en la demonología cristiana tardoantigua, el trabajo analiza un ambiguo pasaje de la Vita Antonii de Atanasio de Alejandría donde se narra la ascensión del alma de Antonio a los cielos y su encuentro con unos seres “terribles”. El autor parte de los trabajos de J. Daniélou sobre las potencias aéreas y su papel en las distintas variantes del mito gnóstico del ascenso del alma a través de los diferentes cielos. A partir de ahí, el autor profundiza en el análisis del pasaje, aportando diversos paralelos textuales. Termina adhiriéndose a las perspectivas de D. Brakke sobre las teorías ascéticas de Atanasio para defender finalmente que dichos “seres” podrían identificarse con los «arcontes», término de connotaciones heterodoxas que el obispo habría silenciado en sus esfuerzos para inculcar en los fieles la idea de que lo realmente necesario para alcanzar la salvación era un comportamiento moral virtuoso.

La organización social en los barrios bajos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

William Foote Whyte

2010-07-01

Full Text Available

Por mucho tiempo, los sociólogos han estudiado los barrios bajos en términos de desorganización social. El interés en los mismos parece provenir de dos fuentes: una urgencia por promover reformas sociales y un esfuerzo para comprender el proceso de urbanización. Observando el quiebre de los controles del grupo primario en la vida de ciudad, algunos sociólogos han considerado analizar la situación resultante en términos del concepto de desorganización social. Los barrios bajos han sido caracterizados por ciertos sociólogos, como áreas de almas perdidas y misiones, áreas donde individuos y familias viven en intimidad forzada con personas a las cuales normalmente rechazan y evitan; áreas donde no se aprecian estándares de decencia o buena conducta excepto los impuestos por una autoridad externa. Según la opinión de otros sociólogos, los barrios bajos son un área de libertad e individualismo. Harvey Zorbaugh dice que la política en el distrito bajo no es como la política en el distrito de clase media. Como no se ajusta a los estándares de la clase media, no es más que un juego. Más aún, la preocupación con el estudio de la desorganización familiar ha conducido a algunos sociólogos a subestimar cualquier grado de organización que se pueda encontrar en los barrios bajos. 

La lúdica en los procesos democráticos, participativos y pluralistas

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Andrés Gómez Roldán

2005-01-01

Full Text Available La democracia, los principios y valores constitucionales están incluidos en cualquier proceso normativo. Estos mínimos se encuentran también en la lúdica, la cual oxigena el alma de los pueblos, de las personas, de sus comunidades. Una forma diferente de explicar estos contextos es a través de la lúdica, para indicar que en las cosas más simples de nuestra convivencia, estamos siempre jugando, en medio de las reglas de juego que hacen las veces de normas (Constitución, del comportamiento (valores en el escenario deportivo del juego, como una forma de construir los valores democráticos y llegar con instrumentos novedosos como el juego a impartir la enseñanza de la Constitución, de los valores y principios, democráticos, participativos y pluralistas en una nación como la nuestra, que necesita cosas diferentes para explicar cómo funciona lo público estatal y demostrar que el gobierno somos todos

Los cuerpos del deseo: potencias y acciones colectivas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana María Fernández

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Se genealogiza aquí el binarismo alma/cuerpo y se transversaliza la problemática, abriendo la dimensión social, histórica y política de la producción de los cuerpos, y se elucidan las dimensiones deseantes de las corporalidades al valorar la noción de deseo como potencia. Su aporte es la metodología de problematización recursiva, específica para un campo de problemas de la subjetividad. Finalmente, se afirma que la elucidación, genealogización y deconstrucción de la invisibilización de las corporalidades crea condiciones de posibilidad para realizar la experiencia de pensar lo impensado.

¿Del “alma bella” al “cuerpo feo”? Un análisis materialista de la subjetividad política

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Cecilia González

2017-03-01

Full Text Available A la luz de los movimientos sociales y políticos en proceso de construcción en España, reflexionamos sobre las condiciones de posibilidad de un proyecto que resista frente a la inercia de la repetición y los impasses de antaño. Un proceso, en suma, capaz de mantener abierto cierto margen para el acontecimiento, y una de idea de lo común que no caiga en la trampa del Todo y sus efectos de segregación. Desde diferentes ángulos, se ha abordado la cuestión repensando el concepto de sujeto y/o subjetividad. Esta breve reflexión, en cambio, retoma la noción de “alma bella” según Hegel y luego Lacan, para producir un pequeño giro introduciendo la noción el “cuerpo feo” como alternativa a dicha posición subjetiva. Analizamos dos ejes: 1- cómo entender la “fealdad” del cuerpo sin caer en una propuesta dualista o idealista; 2- revisamos la noción lacaniana de “rectificación subjetiva” y su posible aplicación política.

La Negra Espalda de Todas Las Almas : Un estudio comparativo de la autoficción y la poética en las obras Negra espalda del tiempo y Todas las almas de Javier Marías

OpenAIRE

Skagerberg, Karin

2011-01-01

En el presente trabajo se pretende aclarar la relación entre dos novelas contemporáneas escritas por el el español Javier Marías. Se parte de la idea planteada por el autor mismo, que una de sus obras, Negra Espalda del tiempo (1998), se publicó con el propósito de aclarar la relación entre realidad y ficción en uno de sus libros anteriores, Todas las almas (1989). Tomado frecuentemente por un roman à clef, Todas las almas es una obra donde la relación entre autor y narrador es poco clara y s...

Informe Signos Vitales de los CDC Obesidad infantil - (Childhood Obesity)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2013-08-06

Este podcast se basa en el informe Signos Vitales de los CDC de agosto del 2013. La tasa de obesidad entre los niños en edad prescolar de bajos ingresos ha disminuido, pero todavía uno de cada seis niños hispanos es obeso. Este programa habla brevemente sobre lo que se puede hacer.  Created: 8/6/2013 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).   Date Released: 8/6/2013.

The First ALMA Observation of a Solar Plasmoid Ejection from an X-Ray Bright Point

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimojo, Masumi [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo, 181-8588 (Japan); Hudson, Hugh S. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ (United Kingdom); White, Stephen M. [Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117-5776 (United States); Bastian, Timothy S. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (United States); Iwai, Kazumasa, E-mail: masumi.shimojo@nao.ac.jp [Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601 (Japan)

2017-05-20

Eruptive phenomena such as plasmoid ejections or jets are important features of solar activity and have the potential to improve our understanding of the dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Such ejections are often thought to be signatures of the outflows expected in regions of fast magnetic reconnection. The 304 Å EUV line of helium, formed at around 10{sup 5} K, is found to be a reliable tracer of such phenomena, but the determination of physical parameters from such observations is not straightforward. We have observed a plasmoid ejection from an X-ray bright point simultaneously at millimeter wavelengths with ALMA, at EUV wavelengths with SDO /AIA, and in soft X-rays with Hinode /XRT. This paper reports the physical parameters of the plasmoid obtained by combining the radio, EUV, and X-ray data. As a result, we conclude that the plasmoid can consist either of (approximately) isothermal ∼10{sup 5} K plasma that is optically thin at 100 GHz, or a ∼10{sup 4} K core with a hot envelope. The analysis demonstrates the value of the additional temperature and density constraints that ALMA provides, and future science observations with ALMA will be able to match the spatial resolution of space-borne and other high-resolution telescopes.

Virtualization in network and servers infrastructure to support dynamic system reconfiguration in ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Tzu-Chiang; Ovando, Nicolás.; Bartsch, Marcelo; Simmond, Max; Vélez, Gastón; Robles, Manuel; Soto, Rubén.; Ibsen, Jorge; Saldias, Christian

2012-09-01

ALMA is the first astronomical project being constructed and operated under industrial approach due to the huge amount of elements involved. In order to achieve the maximum through put during the engineering and scientific commissioning phase, several production lines have been established to work in parallel. This decision required modification in the original system architecture in which all the elements are controlled and operated within a unique Standard Test Environment (STE). The advance in the network industry and together with the maturity of virtualization paradigm allows us to provide a solution which can replicate the STE infrastructure without changing their network address definition. This is only possible with Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) and Virtual LAN (VLAN) concepts. The solution allows dynamic reconfiguration of antennas and other hardware across the production lines with minimum time and zero human intervention in the cabling. We also push the virtualization even further, classical rack mount servers are being replaced and consolidated by blade servers. On top of them virtualized server are centrally administrated with VMWare ESX. Hardware costs and system administration effort will be reduced considerably. This mechanism has been established and operated successfully during the last two years. This experience gave us confident to propose a solution to divide the main operation array into subarrays using the same concept which will introduce huge flexibility and efficiency for ALMA operation and eventually may simplify the complexity of ALMA core observing software since there will be no need to deal with subarrays complexity at software level.

UNVEILING THE DUST NUCLEATION ZONE OF IRC+10216 WITH ALMA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cernicharo, J.; Daniel, F.; Goicoechea, J. R.; Castro-Carrizo, A.; Guélin, M.; Agundez, M.; Marcelino, N.; Joblin, C.

2013-01-01

We report the detection in IRC+10216 of lines of HNC J = 3 – 2 pertaining to nine excited vibrational states with energies up to ∼5300 K. The spectrum, observed with ALMA, also shows a surprising large number of narrow, unidentified lines that arise in the vicinity of the star. The HNC data are interpreted through a 1D-spherical non-local radiative transfer model, coupled to a chemical model that includes chemistry at thermochemical equilibrium for the innermost regions and reaction kinetics for the external envelope. Although unresolved by the current early ALMA data, the radius inferred for the emitting region is ∼0.''06 (i.e., ≅ 3 stellar radii), similar to the size of the dusty clumps reported by IR studies of the innermost region (r < 0.''3). The derived abundance of HNC relative to H 2 is 10 –8 < χ(HNC) <10 –6 , and drops quickly where the gas density decreases and the gas chemistry is dominated by reaction kinetics. Merging HNC data with that of molecular species present throughout the inner envelope, such as vibrationally excited HCN, SiS, CS, or SiO, should allow us to characterize the physical and chemical conditions in the dust formation zone

UNVEILING THE DUST NUCLEATION ZONE OF IRC+10216 WITH ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cernicharo, J.; Daniel, F.; Goicoechea, J. R. [Departamento de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrobiología, CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Torrejón a Ajalvir km 4, E-28850 Madrid (Spain); Castro-Carrizo, A.; Guélin, M. [Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406, Saint Martin dHères (France); Agundez, M. [Univ. Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270, Floirac (France); Marcelino, N. [NRAO, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22902 (United States); Joblin, C. [Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, Toulouse (France)

2013-12-01

We report the detection in IRC+10216 of lines of HNC J = 3 – 2 pertaining to nine excited vibrational states with energies up to ∼5300 K. The spectrum, observed with ALMA, also shows a surprising large number of narrow, unidentified lines that arise in the vicinity of the star. The HNC data are interpreted through a 1D-spherical non-local radiative transfer model, coupled to a chemical model that includes chemistry at thermochemical equilibrium for the innermost regions and reaction kinetics for the external envelope. Although unresolved by the current early ALMA data, the radius inferred for the emitting region is ∼0.''06 (i.e., ≅ 3 stellar radii), similar to the size of the dusty clumps reported by IR studies of the innermost region (r < 0.''3). The derived abundance of HNC relative to H{sub 2} is 10{sup –8} < χ(HNC) <10{sup –6}, and drops quickly where the gas density decreases and the gas chemistry is dominated by reaction kinetics. Merging HNC data with that of molecular species present throughout the inner envelope, such as vibrationally excited HCN, SiS, CS, or SiO, should allow us to characterize the physical and chemical conditions in the dust formation zone.

The Impacts of ALMA Primary Variables on Profitability An Empirical Study of Indonesian Banking

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sapto Jumono

2015-04-01

Full Text Available This study aims to determine the impact of liquidity on BEP and ROE in Indonesian banking industry. The supporting theory in this study is ALMA theory. Based on annual data for the period 2001-2014 and following purposive sampling technique, the acquired amount of sample study is 97 banks. The data is analyzed using panel data regression of GMM Arrelano Bond, as a novelty in data processing, therefore the speed of adjustment can be known. The ALMA variables such as LAR, capital, leverage, operating expenses, interest income, and CAR sensitivity have a significant effect on BEP and ROE. Meanwhile LDR, NPL, the FBI have no impact on profitability. The implication of this study is the fact that banking performance in Indonesia can be leveled up through the reduction in mortgage interest rates and increment of credit volume and FBI.

Automating the Technical Library at Los Angeles' Department of Information Systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Gillette, Robert

1992-01-01

Description of the automation of the technical library of the City of Los Angeles Department of Information Services provides background information on the department and its library; lists the automation project goals and objectives; and describes the two software programs--ObjectVision and Paradox Engine--used as applications development tools…

ROBERTO DE MESQUITA E O “ELOGIO DA SOLIDÃO” UMA LEITURA DE ALMAS CATIVAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Natália Gomes Thimóteo

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Uma poesia de lugar, de isolamento, assim se pode chamar a poesia de Roberto de Mesquita, em que a paisagem, a cor e expressão de insularidade são o grande tema. Nemésio foi a primeira voz que se ouviu sobre a poesia de Mesquita e ressaltando-lhe a ‘açorianidade’ nas suas Almas Cativas. Canta a tristeza, o mar como prisão e destino, juntando ‘portuguesmente’ Baudelaire e Verlaine, as notas metafísicas de Antero no panteísmo e o sentimento da “.solidão atlântica”. Seu imaginário está repleto de almas, das quais é cúmplice, inclusive da alma do passado, alegorizado pelas ruínas. Para Benjamin, as alegorias são no reino dos pensamentos o que as ruínas são no reino das coisas. É célebre a imagem de Benjamin, sobre o Anjo da História, referindo-se à alegoria do quadro de Klee, “Angelus Novus”. Como o anjo da alegoria, Mesquita é preso ao passado, ouvindo e vendo espectros em cativeiro. Na série de poemas “Relicários” há a complexidade da apreensão da essência do mundo real e os objetos são ‘hierofanias’, de que fala Eliade.

almaBTE : A solver of the space-time dependent Boltzmann transport equation for phonons in structured materials

Science.gov (United States)

Carrete, Jesús; Vermeersch, Bjorn; Katre, Ankita; van Roekeghem, Ambroise; Wang, Tao; Madsen, Georg K. H.; Mingo, Natalio

2017-11-01

almaBTE is a software package that solves the space- and time-dependent Boltzmann transport equation for phonons, using only ab-initio calculated quantities as inputs. The program can predictively tackle phonon transport in bulk crystals and alloys, thin films, superlattices, and multiscale structures with size features in the nm- μm range. Among many other quantities, the program can output thermal conductances and effective thermal conductivities, space-resolved average temperature profiles, and heat-current distributions resolved in frequency and space. Its first-principles character makes almaBTE especially well suited to investigate novel materials and structures. This article gives an overview of the program structure and presents illustrative examples for some of its uses. PROGRAM SUMMARY Program Title:almaBTE Program Files doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/8tfzwgtp73.1 Licensing provisions: Apache License, version 2.0 Programming language: C++ External routines/libraries: BOOST, MPI, Eigen, HDF5, spglib Nature of problem: Calculation of temperature profiles, thermal flux distributions and effective thermal conductivities in structured systems where heat is carried by phonons Solution method: Solution of linearized phonon Boltzmann transport equation, Variance-reduced Monte Carlo

Band-9 ALMA Observations of the [N II] 122 μm Line and FIR Continuum in Two High-z galaxies.

Science.gov (United States)

Ferkinhoff, Carl; Brisbin, Drew; Nikola, Thomas; Stacey, Gordon J.; Sheth, Kartik; Hailey-Dunsheath, Steve; Falgarone, Edith

2015-06-01

We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of two high-redshift systems (SMMJ02399-0136 at z 1 ˜ 2.8 and the Cloverleaf QSO at z 1 ˜ 2.5) in their rest-frame 122 μm continuum (ν sky ˜ 650 GHz, λ sky ˜ 450 μm) and [N ii] 122 μm line emission. The continuum observations with a synthesized beam of ˜0.″ 25 resolve both sources and recover the expected flux. The Cloverleaf is resolved into a partial Einstein ring, while SMMJ02399-0136 is unambiguously separated into two components: a point source associated with an active galactic nucleus and an extended region at the location of a previously identified dusty starburst. We detect the [N ii] line in both systems, though significantly weaker than our previous detections made with the first generation z (Redshift) and Early Universe Spectrometer. We show that this discrepancy is mostly explained if the line flux is resolved out due to significantly more extended emission and longer ALMA baselines than expected. Based on the ALMA observations we determine that ≥75% of the total [N ii] line flux in each source is produced via star formation. We use the [N ii] line flux that is recovered by ALMA to constrain the N/H abundance, ionized gas mass, hydrogen- ionizing photon rate, and star formation rate. In SMMJ02399-0136 we discover it contains a significant amount (˜1000 M ⊙ yr-1) of unobscured star formation in addition to its dusty starburst and argue that SMMJ02399-0136 may be similar to the Antennae Galaxies (Arp 244) locally. In total these observations provide a new look at two well-studied systems while demonstrating the power and challenges of Band-9 ALMA observations of high-z systems.

BAND-9 ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE [N II] 122 μm LINE AND FIR CONTINUUM IN TWO HIGH-z GALAXIES

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferkinhoff, Carl [Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg (Germany); Brisbin, Drew; Stacey, Gordon J. [Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); Nikola, Thomas [Center for Radiophysics and Space Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States); Sheth, Kartik [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (United States); Hailey-Dunsheath, Steve [California Institute of Technology, Mail Code 301-17, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Falgarone, Edith, E-mail: ferkinhoff@mpia.de [LERMA, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris and ENS (France)

2015-06-20

We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of two high-redshift systems (SMMJ02399-0136 at z{sub 1} ∼ 2.8 and the Cloverleaf QSO at z{sub 1} ∼ 2.5) in their rest-frame 122 μm continuum (ν{sub sky} ∼ 650 GHz, λ{sub sky} ∼ 450 μm) and [N ii] 122 μm line emission. The continuum observations with a synthesized beam of ∼0.″ 25 resolve both sources and recover the expected flux. The Cloverleaf is resolved into a partial Einstein ring, while SMMJ02399-0136 is unambiguously separated into two components: a point source associated with an active galactic nucleus and an extended region at the location of a previously identified dusty starburst. We detect the [N ii] line in both systems, though significantly weaker than our previous detections made with the first generation z (Redshift) and Early Universe Spectrometer. We show that this discrepancy is mostly explained if the line flux is resolved out due to significantly more extended emission and longer ALMA baselines than expected. Based on the ALMA observations we determine that ≥75% of the total [N ii] line flux in each source is produced via star formation. We use the [N ii] line flux that is recovered by ALMA to constrain the N/H abundance, ionized gas mass, hydrogen- ionizing photon rate, and star formation rate. In SMMJ02399-0136 we discover it contains a significant amount (∼1000 M{sub ⊙} yr{sup −1}) of unobscured star formation in addition to its dusty starburst and argue that SMMJ02399-0136 may be similar to the Antennae Galaxies (Arp 244) locally. In total these observations provide a new look at two well-studied systems while demonstrating the power and challenges of Band-9 ALMA observations of high-z systems.

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE OUTFLOW FROM SOURCE I IN THE ORION-KL REGION

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zapata, Luis A.; Rodriguez, Luis F.; Loinard, Laurent [Centro de Radioastronomia y Astrofisica, UNAM, Apdo. Postal 3-72 (Xangari), 58089 Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico); Schmid-Burgk, Johannes; Menten, Karl M. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Radioastronomie, Auf dem Huegel 69, 53121 Bonn (Germany); Curiel, Salvador [Instituto de Astronomia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ap. 70-264, 04510 DF (Mexico)

2012-07-20

In this Letter, we present sensitive millimeter SiO (J = 5-4; {nu} = 0) line observations of the outflow arising from the enigmatic object Orion Source I made with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA). The observations reveal that at scales of a few thousand AU, the outflow has a marked 'butterfly' morphology along a northeast-southwest axis. However, contrary to what is found in the SiO and H{sub 2}O maser observations at scales of tens of AU, the blueshifted radial velocities of the moving gas are found to the northwest, while the redshifted velocities are in the southeast. The ALMA observations are complemented with SiO (J = 8-7; {nu} = 0) maps (with a similar spatial resolution) obtained with the Submillimeter Array. These observations also show a similar morphology and velocity structure in this outflow. We discuss some possibilities to explain these differences at small and large scales across the flow.

La batalla global por el alma del capitalismo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Esteban G. Manrique

2012-07-01

Full Text Available El gigante informático norteamericano Apple vale hoy en bolsa unos 350.000 millones de dólares, 20.000 millones más que la segunda compañía del país, ExxonMobil, y también más que los 32 mayores bancos de la zona euro juntos. Sin embargo, Apple apenas tiene 47.000 empleados en todo el mundo, 30.000 de los cuales trabajan en EE.UU., pero ninguno de ellos en plantas de ensamblaje. Todos sus famosos productos -los iMac, iPod, iPad, iPhone- son fabricados en China por la contratista taiwanesa Foxconn, para la que trabajan casi un millón de personas, 250.000 de ellas dedicadas en exclusiva a los artilugios electrónicos de la compañía de la manzana.

Design of a side-band-separating heterodyne mixer for band 9 of ALMA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baryshev, AM; Kooi, J; Mena, FR; Lodewijk, CRJ; Wild, W

2005-01-01

A side-band-separating (SBS) heterodyne mixer has been designed for the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) 602-720 GHz band, as it will present a great improvement over the current double-side-band configuration under development at the moment. Here we present design details and the results of

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE DEBRIS DISK AROUND THE YOUNG SOLAR ANALOG HD 107146

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ricci, L.; Carpenter, J. M.; Fu, B. [Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Hughes, A. M. [Department of Astronomy, Wesleyan University, Van Vleck Observatory, 96 Foss Hill Drive, Midletown, CT 06457 (United States); Corder, S. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903 (United States); Isella, A., E-mail: lricci@astro.caltech.edu [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 South Main, Houston, TX 77521-1892 (United States)

2015-01-10

We present the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) continuum observations at a wavelength of 1.25 mm of the debris disk surrounding the ∼100 Myr old solar analog HD 107146. The continuum emission extends from about 30 to 150 AU from the central star with a decrease in the surface brightness at intermediate radii. We analyze the ALMA interferometric visibilities using debris disk models with radial profiles for the dust surface density parameterized as (1) a single power law, (2) a single power law with a gap, and (3) a double power law. We find that models with a gap of radial width ∼8 AU at a distance of ∼80 AU from the central star, as well as double power-law models with a dip in the dust surface density at ∼70 AU provide significantly better fits to the ALMA data than single power-law models. We discuss possible scenarios for the origin of the HD 107146 debris disk using models of planetesimal belts in which the formation of Pluto-sized objects trigger disruptive collisions of large bodies, as well as models that consider the interaction of a planetary system with a planetesimal belt and spatial variation of the dust opacity across the disk. If future observations with higher angular resolution and sensitivity confirm the fully depleted gap structure discussed here, a planet with a mass of approximately a few Earth masses in a nearly circular orbit at ∼80 AU from the central star would be a possible explanation for the presence of the gap.

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE DEBRIS DISK AROUND THE YOUNG SOLAR ANALOG HD 107146

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ricci, L.; Carpenter, J. M.; Fu, B.; Hughes, A. M.; Corder, S.; Isella, A.

2015-01-01

We present the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) continuum observations at a wavelength of 1.25 mm of the debris disk surrounding the ∼100 Myr old solar analog HD 107146. The continuum emission extends from about 30 to 150 AU from the central star with a decrease in the surface brightness at intermediate radii. We analyze the ALMA interferometric visibilities using debris disk models with radial profiles for the dust surface density parameterized as (1) a single power law, (2) a single power law with a gap, and (3) a double power law. We find that models with a gap of radial width ∼8 AU at a distance of ∼80 AU from the central star, as well as double power-law models with a dip in the dust surface density at ∼70 AU provide significantly better fits to the ALMA data than single power-law models. We discuss possible scenarios for the origin of the HD 107146 debris disk using models of planetesimal belts in which the formation of Pluto-sized objects trigger disruptive collisions of large bodies, as well as models that consider the interaction of a planetary system with a planetesimal belt and spatial variation of the dust opacity across the disk. If future observations with higher angular resolution and sensitivity confirm the fully depleted gap structure discussed here, a planet with a mass of approximately a few Earth masses in a nearly circular orbit at ∼80 AU from the central star would be a possible explanation for the presence of the gap

Entre Napoleón y Jesucristo: las peripecias del “alma rusa” en la obra de Dostoievski / Between Napoleon and Jesus Christ: The adventures of the "Russian soul" in Dostoevsky's work

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tatiana Bubnova

2011-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Dos componentes del “alma rusa” que se destacan en la obra de Dostoievski – el napoleonismo y la cristología — resultan de la interacción de la cultura rusa con la historia y la civilización occidental. Paradójicamente, la evolución de las dos líneas en las novelas del gran escritor ruso conduce a una determinada, en algunos aspectos, de los dos tipos, en particular, en El idiota. La revisión del manoseado tópico del “alma rusa” a la luz de las recientes investigaciones de los especialistas rusos pone de manifiesto nuevasintertextualidades y abre la obra a un diálogo renovado acerca de la identidad. El trabajo se inspira en la antropología filosófica y la filosofía del lenguaje de M. M. Bajtín. ABSTRACT: This is an analysis of the two components of the “Russian soul” highlighted in the Dostoevsky’s novels: Napoleonism and Christology. The origins of both of them can be found in the Western history and civilization. There is a certain paradox in the fact that the evolution of these two lines in the oeuvre of the great Russian writer arrives to an approachof the two types, the Napoleonic one and that of the follower of Christ, especially in The Idiot. A revision of the “Russian soul” under the light of the most recent interpretations of Russian critics discovers new intertexts and opens Dostoevsky’s text to a renewed identity dialogue. This paper is influenced by Bakhtin’s philosophical anthropology and philosophy of language.

A disrupted molecular torus around Eta Carinae as seen in 12CO with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Nathan; Ginsburg, Adam; Bally, John

2018-03-01

We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of 12CO 2-1 emission from circumstellar material around the massive star Eta Carinae (η Car). These observations reveal new structural details about the cool equatorial torus located ˜4000 au from the star. The CO torus is not a complete azimuthal loop, but rather, is missing its near side, which appears to have been cleared away. The missing material matches the direction of apastron in the eccentric binary system, making it likely that η Car's companion played an important role in disrupting portions of the torus soon after ejection. Molecular gas seen in ALMA data aligns well with the cool dust around η Car previously observed in mid-infrared (IR) maps, whereas hot dust resides at the inner surface of the molecular torus. The CO also coincides with the spatial and velocity structure of near-IR H2 emission. Together, these suggest that the CO torus seen by ALMA is actually the pinched waist of the Homunculus polar lobes, which glows brightly because it is close to the star and warmer than the poles. The near side of the torus appears to be a blowout, associated with fragmented equatorial ejecta. We discuss implications for the origin of various features north-west of the star. CO emission from the main torus implies a total gas mass in the range of 0.2-1 M⊙ (possibly up to 5 M⊙ or more, although with questionable assumptions). Deeper observations are needed to constrain CO emission from the cool polar lobes.

ALMA Observations of Molecular Clouds in Three Group-centered Elliptical Galaxies: NGC 5846, NGC 4636, and NGC 5044

Science.gov (United States)

Temi, Pasquale; Amblard, Alexandre; Gitti, Myriam; Brighenti, Fabrizio; Gaspari, Massimo; Mathews, William G.; David, Laurence

2018-05-01

We present new ALMA CO(2–1) observations of two well-studied group-centered elliptical galaxies: NGC 4636 and NGC 5846. In addition, we include a revised analysis of Cycle 0 ALMA observations of the central galaxy in the NGC 5044 group. We find evidence that molecular gas is a common presence in bright group-centered galaxies (BGG). CO line widths are broader than Galactic molecular clouds, and using the reference Milky Way X CO, the total molecular mass ranges from 2.6 × 105 M ⊙ in NGC 4636 to 6.1 × 107 M ⊙ in NGC 5044. Complementary observations using the ALMA Compact Array do not exhibit any detection of a CO diffuse component at the sensitivity level achieved by current exposures. The origin of the detected molecular features is still uncertain, but these ALMA observations suggest that they are the end product of the hot gas cooling process and not the result of merger events. Some of the molecular clouds are associated with dust features as revealed by HST dust extinction maps, suggesting that these clouds formed from dust-enhanced cooling. The global nonlinear condensation may be triggered via the chaotic turbulent field or buoyant uplift. The large virial parameter of the molecular structures and correlation with the warm ({10}3{--}{10}5 {{K}})/hot (≥106) phase velocity dispersion provide evidence that they are unbound giant molecular associations drifting in the turbulent field, consistent with numerical predictions of the chaotic cold accretion process. Alternatively, the observed large CO line widths may be generated by molecular gas flowing out from cloud surfaces due to heating by the local hot gas atmosphere.

Fast-Growing SMBHs in Fast-Growing Galaxies, at High Redshifts: The Role of Major Mergers As Revealed by ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Trakhtenbrot, Benny [Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich (Switzerland); Lira, Paulina [Departamento de Astronomia, Universidad de Chile, Santiago (Chile); Netzer, Hagai [Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Physics and Astronomy and the Wise Observatory, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv (Israel); Cicone, Claudia [Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich (Switzerland); INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Milan (Italy); Maiolino, Roberto [Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge (United Kingdom); Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge (United Kingdom); Shemmer, Ohad, E-mail: benny.trakhtenbrot@phys.ethz.ch [Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (United States)

2017-11-30

We present a long-term, multi-wavelength project to understand the epoch of fastest growth of the most massive black holes by using a sample of 40 luminous quasars at z ≃ 4.8. These quasars have rather uniform properties, with typical accretion rates and black hole masses of L/L{sub Edd} ≃ 0.7 and M{sub BH} ≃ 10{sup 9}M{sub ⊙}. The sample consists of “FIR-bright” sources with a previous Herschel/SPIRE detection, suggesting SFR > 1,000 M{sub ⊙} yr−1, as well as of “FIR-faint” sources for which Herschel stacking analysis implies a typical SFR of ~400 M{sub ⊙} yr−1. Six of the quasars have been observed by ALMA in [C ii] λ157.74μm line emission and adjacent rest-frame 150μm continuum, to study the dusty cold ISM. ALMA detected companion, spectroscopically confirmed sub-mm galaxies (SMGs) for three sources—one FIR-bright and two FIR-faint. The companions are separated by ~14–45 kpc from the quasar hosts, and we interpret them as major galaxy interactions. Our ALMA data therefore clearly support the idea that major mergers may be important drivers for rapid, early SMBH growth. However, the fact that not all high-SFR quasar hosts are accompanied by interacting SMGs, and their ordered gas kinematics observed by ALMA, suggest that other processes may be fueling these systems. Our analysis thus demonstrates the diversity of host galaxy properties and gas accretion mechanisms associated with early and rapid SMBH growth.

Fast-Growing SMBHs in Fast-Growing Galaxies, at High Redshifts: The Role of Major Mergers As Revealed by ALMA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Trakhtenbrot, Benny; Lira, Paulina; Netzer, Hagai; Cicone, Claudia; Maiolino, Roberto; Shemmer, Ohad

2017-01-01

We present a long-term, multi-wavelength project to understand the epoch of fastest growth of the most massive black holes by using a sample of 40 luminous quasars at z ≃ 4.8. These quasars have rather uniform properties, with typical accretion rates and black hole masses of L/L Edd ≃ 0.7 and M BH ≃ 10 9 M ⊙ . The sample consists of “FIR-bright” sources with a previous Herschel/SPIRE detection, suggesting SFR > 1,000 M ⊙ yr−1, as well as of “FIR-faint” sources for which Herschel stacking analysis implies a typical SFR of ~400 M ⊙ yr−1. Six of the quasars have been observed by ALMA in [C ii] λ157.74μm line emission and adjacent rest-frame 150μm continuum, to study the dusty cold ISM. ALMA detected companion, spectroscopically confirmed sub-mm galaxies (SMGs) for three sources—one FIR-bright and two FIR-faint. The companions are separated by ~14–45 kpc from the quasar hosts, and we interpret them as major galaxy interactions. Our ALMA data therefore clearly support the idea that major mergers may be important drivers for rapid, early SMBH growth. However, the fact that not all high-SFR quasar hosts are accompanied by interacting SMGs, and their ordered gas kinematics observed by ALMA, suggest that other processes may be fueling these systems. Our analysis thus demonstrates the diversity of host galaxy properties and gas accretion mechanisms associated with early and rapid SMBH growth.

Probing the Gas Fueling and Outflows in Nearby AGN with ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Audibert, Anelise [Observatoire de Paris, LERMA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSL University, Sorbonne University, UPMC, Paris (France); Combes, Françoise [Observatoire de Paris, LERMA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSL University, Sorbonne University, UPMC, Paris (France); College de France, Paris (France); García-Burillo, Santiago [Observatorio Astronómico Nacional, Observatorio de Madrid, Madrid (Spain); Salomé, Philippe, E-mail: anelise.audibert@obspm.fr [Observatoire de Paris, LERMA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSL University, Sorbonne University, UPMC, Paris (France)

2017-12-12

Feeding and feedback in AGN play a very important role to gain a proper understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. The interaction between activity mechanisms in the nucleus and its influence in the host galaxy are related to the physical processes involved in feedback and the gas fueling of the black hole. The discovery of many massive molecular outflows in the last few years have been promoting the idea that winds may be major actors in sweeping the gas out of galaxies. Also, the widely observed winds from the central regions of AGN are promising candidates to explain the scaling relations (e.g., the black hole-bulge mass relation, BH accretion rate tracking the star formation history) under the AGN feedback scenario. Out goal is to probe these phenomena through the kinematic and morphology of the gas inside the central kpc in nearby AGN. This has recently been possible due to the unprecedented ALMA spatial resolution and sensitivity. We present results on NGC7213 and NGC1808, the latter is part of a new ALMA follow-up of the NuGa project, a previous high-resolution (0.5–1″) CO survey of low luminosity AGN performed with the IRAM PdBI.

ALMA observations of a misaligned binary protoplanetary disk system in Orion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Williams, Jonathan P. [Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96816 (United States); Mann, Rita K.; Francesco, James Di; Johnstone, Doug; Matthews, Brenda [NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC, V9E 2E7 (Canada); Andrews, Sean M.; Ricci, Luca [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Hughes, A. Meredith [Van Vleck Observatory, Astronomy Department, Wesleyan University, 96 Foss Hill Drive, Middletown, CT 06459 (United States); Bally, John, E-mail: jpw@ifa.hawaii.edu [CASA, University of Colorado, CB 389, Boulder, CO 80309 (United States)

2014-12-01

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of a wide binary system in Orion, with projected separation 440 AU, in which we detect submillimeter emission from the protoplanetary disks around each star. Both disks appear moderately massive and have strong line emission in CO 3-2, HCO{sup +} 4-3, and HCN 3-2. In addition, CS 7-6 is detected in one disk. The line-to-continuum ratios are similar for the two disks in each of the lines. From the resolved velocity gradients across each disk, we constrain the masses of the central stars, and show consistency with optical-infrared spectroscopy, both indicative of a high mass ratio ∼9. The small difference between the systemic velocities indicates that the binary orbital plane is close to face-on. The angle between the projected disk rotation axes is very high, ∼72°, showing that the system did not form from a single massive disk or a rigidly rotating cloud core. This finding, which adds to related evidence from disk geometries in other systems, protostellar outflows, stellar rotation, and similar recent ALMA results, demonstrates that turbulence or dynamical interactions act on small scales well below that of molecular cores during the early stages of star formation.

Probing the gas fuelling and outflows in nearby AGN with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Audibert, Anelise; Combes, Françoise; García-Burillo, Santiago; Salomé, Philippe

2017-12-01

Feeding and feedback in AGN play a very important role to gain a proper understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. The interaction between activity mechanisms in the nucleus and its influence in the host galaxy are related to the physical processes involved in feedback and the gas fuelling of the black hole. The discovery of many massive molecular outflows in the last few years have been promoting the idea that winds may be major actors in sweeping the gas out of galaxies. Also, the widely observed winds from the central regions of AGN are promising candidates to explain the scaling relations (e.g. the black hole-bulge mass relation, BH accretion rate tracking the star formation history) under the AGN feedback scenario. Out goal is to probe these phenomena through the kinematic and morphology of the gas inside the central kpc in nearby AGN. This has recently been possible due to the unprecedented ALMA spatial resolution and sensitivity. We present results on NGC7213 and NGC1808, the latter is part of a new ALMA follow-up of the NuGa project, a previous high-resolution (0.5-1”) CO survey of low luminosity AGN performed with the IRAM PdBI.

Probing the Gas Fueling and Outflows in Nearby AGN with ALMA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anelise Audibert

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Feeding and feedback in AGN play a very important role to gain a proper understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. The interaction between activity mechanisms in the nucleus and its influence in the host galaxy are related to the physical processes involved in feedback and the gas fueling of the black hole. The discovery of many massive molecular outflows in the last few years have been promoting the idea that winds may be major actors in sweeping the gas out of galaxies. Also, the widely observed winds from the central regions of AGN are promising candidates to explain the scaling relations (e.g., the black hole-bulge mass relation, BH accretion rate tracking the star formation history under the AGN feedback scenario. Out goal is to probe these phenomena through the kinematic and morphology of the gas inside the central kpc in nearby AGN. This has recently been possible due to the unprecedented ALMA spatial resolution and sensitivity. We present results on NGC7213 and NGC1808, the latter is part of a new ALMA follow-up of the NuGa project, a previous high-resolution (0.5–1″ CO survey of low luminosity AGN performed with the IRAM PdBI.

ALMA WILL DETERMINE THE SPECTROSCOPIC REDSHIFT z > 8 WITH FIR [O III] EMISSION LINES

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inoue, A. K.; Shimizu, I. [College of General Education, Osaka Sangyo University, 3-1-1 Nakagaito, Daito, Osaka 574-8530 (Japan); Tamura, Y. [Institute of Astronomy, The University of Tokyo, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015 (Japan); Matsuo, H. [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Okamoto, T. [Department of Cosmosciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Kitaku, Sapporo 060-0810 (Japan); Yoshida, N., E-mail: akinoue@las.osaka-sandai.ac.jp [Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-0033 (Japan)

2014-01-10

We investigate the potential use of nebular emission lines in the rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) for determining spectroscopic redshift of z > 8 galaxies with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). After making a line emissivity model as a function of metallicity, especially for the [O III] 88 μm line which is likely to be the strongest FIR line from H II regions, we predict the line fluxes from high-z galaxies based on a cosmological hydrodynamics simulation of galaxy formation. Since the metallicity of galaxies reaches at ∼0.2 Z {sub ☉} even at z > 8 in our simulation, we expect the [O III] 88 μm line as strong as 1.3 mJy for 27 AB objects, which is detectable at a high significance by <1 hr integration with ALMA. Therefore, the [O III] 88 μm line would be the best tool to confirm the spectroscopic redshifts beyond z = 8.

COMPACT STARBURSTS IN z similar to 3-6 SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES REVEALED BY ALMA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ikarashi, Soh; Ivison, R. J.; Caputi, Karina I.; Aretxaga, Itziar; Dunlop, James S.; Hatsukade, Bunyo; Hughes, David H.; Iono, Daisuke; Izumi, Takuma; Kawabe, Ryohei; Kohno, Kotaro; Lagos, Claudia D. P.; Motohara, Kentaro; Nakanishi, Kouichiro; Ohta, Kouji; Tamura, Yoichi; Umehata, Hideki; Wilson, Grant W.; Yabe, Kiyoto; Yun, Min S.

2015-01-01

We report the source size distribution, as measured by ALMA millimetric continuum imaging, of a sample of 13 AzTEC-selected submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z(phot) similar to 3-6. Their infrared luminosities and star formation rates (SFRs) are L-IR similar to, 2-6 x 10(12) L-circle dot and similar

MEASURING PROTOPLANETARY DISK GAS SURFACE DENSITY PROFILES WITH ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Williams, Jonathan P.; McPartland, Conor, E-mail: jpw@ifa.hawaii.edu [Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 (United States)

2016-10-10

The gas and dust are spatially segregated in protoplanetary disks due to the vertical settling and radial drift of large grains. A fuller accounting of the mass content and distribution in disks therefore requires spectral line observations. We extend the modeling approach presented in Williams and Best to show that gas surface density profiles can be measured from high fidelity {sup 13}CO integrated intensity images. We demonstrate the methodology by fitting ALMA observations of the HD 163296 disk to determine a gas mass, M {sub gas} = 0.048 M {sub ⊙}, and accretion disk characteristic size R {sub c} = 213 au and gradient γ = 0.39. The same parameters match the C{sup 18}O 2–1 image and indicate an abundance ratio [{sup 12}CO]/[C{sup 18}O] of 700 independent of radius. To test how well this methodology can be applied to future line surveys of smaller, lower mass T Tauri disks, we create a large {sup 13}CO 2–1 image library and fit simulated data. For disks with gas masses 3–10 M {sub Jup} at 150 pc, ALMA observations with a resolution of 0.″2–0.″3 and integration times of ∼20 minutes allow reliable estimates of R {sub c} to within about 10 au and γ to within about 0.2. Economic gas imaging surveys are therefore feasible and offer the opportunity to open up a new dimension for studying disk structure and its evolution toward planet formation.

Medidas procesales especiales y proteccíon de los derechos humanos
Informe general

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John A.E. Vervaele

2009-10-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del informe general es realizar un análisis comparativo de los informes nacionales para evidenciar los procesos de transformación de los sistemas nacionales de justicia penal, en particular del proceso penal, en el que se han introducido medidas procesales especiales para hacer frente al terrorismo y al crimen organizado, y determinar si esto ha llevado a los países a apartarse de sus propias normas fundamentales, procedimientos, principios y estándares de derechos humanos aplicables. Partiendo de la premisa de que el sistema integrado de derecho penal tiene tres dimensiones – la protección de las personas (la dimensión de escudo, la disposición de instrumentos de aplicación de la ley (la dimensión de la espada y de pesos y contrapesos / trias politica (la dimensión constitucional – el informe ofrece un panorama general de las transformaciones relacionadas entre sí, principalmente en la fase previa al juicio, que han afectado a tales dimensiones como consecuencia de tres oleadas de ‘guerras’ (contra las drogas, el crimen organizado y el terrorismo. En muchos países, las garantías procesales y los principios que protegen frente a violaciones del derecho a un juicio justo son considerados una carga para la eficacia de la persecución de los delitos graves. Estas reformas han dado lugar a una clara expansión del estado punitivo y a que queden difuminadas las distinciones clásicas, y no favorecen al estado de derecho. El actuar centrado en la seguridad pública y en la investigación coactiva preventiva socava el sistema de justicia penal. Con un sistema de justicia penal utilizado crecientemente como instrumento para regular el presente y/o el futuro en lugar de para castigar el comportamiento pasado, y un proceso penal en el que la investigación previa al juicio no se dirige a conocer la verdad en relación con el delito cometido, sino a la construcción y de-construcción de la peligrosidad social, los

Los rayos X. Sus dos caras en la realidad y en la ficción fílmica

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María Cristina TARRES

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo centrado en el cortometraje Roentgen intenta escudriñar dos caras en el marco de los Rayos X: la rescatabley digna evocación de su descubridor y la desfigurada de unos personajes ficcionales, ganados por la ambición,que, dispuestos a lograr sus objetivos a cualquier precio, adquieren carnadura real.Desde ambas perspectivas, este filme se valora de utilidad para estudiantes y graduados en ciencias médicas porquees capaz de enfrentarlos indirecta y directamente a la cima y a la sima del alma humana.

A Complete ALMA Map of the Fomalhaut Debris Disk

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

MacGregor, Meredith A.; Wilner, David J. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Matrà, Luca; Kennedy, Grant M.; Wyatt, Mark C.; Shannon, Andrew [Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA (United Kingdom); Kalas, Paul; Duchene, Gaspard; Graham, James R. [Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720-3411 (United States); Pan, Margaret [MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02139 (United States); Hughes, A. Meredith [Department of Astronomy, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459 (United States); Rieke, George H.; Su, Kate [Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Clampin, Mark [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Fitzgerald, Michael P. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (United States); Holland, Wayne S. [UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ (United Kingdom); Institute for Astronomy, Royal Observatory, University of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ (United Kingdom); Panić, Olja [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT (United Kingdom)

2017-06-10

We present ALMA mosaic observations at 1.3 mm (223 GHz) of the Fomalhaut system with a sensitivity of 14 μ Jy/beam. These observations provide the first millimeter map of the continuum dust emission from the complete outer debris disk with uniform sensitivity, enabling the first conclusive detection of apocenter glow. We adopt an MCMC modeling approach that accounts for the eccentric orbital parameters of a collection of particles within the disk. The outer belt is radially confined with an inner edge of 136.3 ± 0.9 au and width of 13.5 ± 1.8 au. We determine a best-fit eccentricity of 0.12 ± 0.01. Assuming a size distribution power-law index of q = 3.46 ± 0.09, we constrain the dust absorptivity power-law index β to be 0.9 < β < 1.5. The geometry of the disk is robustly constrained with inclination 65.°6 ± 0.°3, position angle 337.°9 ± 0.°3, and argument of periastron 22.°5 ± 4.°3. Our observations do not confirm any of the azimuthal features found in previous imaging studies of the disk with Hubble Space Telescope , SCUBA, and ALMA. However, we cannot rule out structures ≤10 au in size or that only affect smaller grains. The central star is clearly detected with a flux density of 0.75 ± 0.02 mJy, significantly lower than predicted by current photospheric models. We discuss the implications of these observations for the directly imaged Fomalhaut b and the inner dust belt detected at infrared wavelengths.

Uncovering the Protostars in Serpens South with ALMA: Continuum Sources and Their Outflow Activity

Science.gov (United States)

Plunkett, Adele; Arce, H.; Corder, S.; Dunham, M.

2017-06-01

Serpens South is an appealing protostellar cluster to study due the combination of several factors: (1) a high protostar fraction that shows evidence for very recent and ongoing star formation; (2) iconic clustered star formation along a filamentary structure; (3) its relative proximity within a few hundred parsecs. An effective study requires the sensitivity, angular and spectral resolution, and mapping capabilities recently provided with ALMA. Here we present a multi-faceted data set acquired from Cycles 1 through 3 with ALMA, including maps of continuum sources and molecular outflows throughout the region, as well as a more focused kinematical study of the protostar that is the strongest continuum source at the cluster center. Together these data span spatial scales over several orders of magnitude, allowing us to investigate the outflow-driving sources and the impact of the outflows on the cluster environment. Currently, we focus on the census of protostars in the cluster center, numbering about 20, including low-flux, low-mass sources never before detected in mm-wavelengths and evidence for multiplicity that was previously unresolved.

ALMA Observations of the Archetypal “Hot Core” That Is Not: Orion-KL

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orozco-Aguilera, M. T.; Zapata, Luis A.; Hirota, Tomoya; Qin, Sheng-Li; Masqué, Josep M

2017-01-01

We present sensitive high angular resolution (∼0.″1–0.″3) continuum Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the archetypal hot core located in the Orion Kleinmann-Low (KL) region. The observations were made in five different spectral bands (bands 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9) covering a very broad range of frequencies (149–658 GHz). Apart from the well-known millimeter emitting objects located in this region (Orion Source I and BN), we report the first submillimeter detection of three compact continuum sources (ALMA1–3) in the vicinities of the Orion-KL hot molecular core. These three continuum objects have spectral indices between 1.47 and 1.56, and brightness temperatures between 100 and 200 K at 658 GHz, suggesting that we are seeing moderate, optically thick dust emission with possible grain growth. However, as these objects are not associated with warm molecular gas, and some of them are farther out from the molecular core, we thus conclude that they cannot heat the molecular core. This result favors the hypothesis that the hot molecular core in Orion-KL core is heated externally.

ALMA Observations of the Archetypal “Hot Core” That Is Not: Orion-KL

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Orozco-Aguilera, M. T. [Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Luis Enrique Erro 1, Tonantzintla, Puebla, México (Mexico); Zapata, Luis A. [Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, UNAM, Apdo. Postal 3-72 (Xangari), 58089 Morelia, Michoacán, México (Mexico); Hirota, Tomoya [Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Qin, Sheng-Li [Department of Astronomy, Yunnan University, and Key Laboratory of Astroparticle Physics of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650091 (China); Masqué, Josep M, E-mail: lzapata@crya.unam.mx [Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Guanajuato, Apdo. Postal 144, 36000 Guanajuato, México (Mexico)

2017-09-20

We present sensitive high angular resolution (∼0.″1–0.″3) continuum Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the archetypal hot core located in the Orion Kleinmann-Low (KL) region. The observations were made in five different spectral bands (bands 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9) covering a very broad range of frequencies (149–658 GHz). Apart from the well-known millimeter emitting objects located in this region (Orion Source I and BN), we report the first submillimeter detection of three compact continuum sources (ALMA1–3) in the vicinities of the Orion-KL hot molecular core. These three continuum objects have spectral indices between 1.47 and 1.56, and brightness temperatures between 100 and 200 K at 658 GHz, suggesting that we are seeing moderate, optically thick dust emission with possible grain growth. However, as these objects are not associated with warm molecular gas, and some of them are farther out from the molecular core, we thus conclude that they cannot heat the molecular core. This result favors the hypothesis that the hot molecular core in Orion-KL core is heated externally.

BİREYLERİN KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE PSİKOLOJİK DURUMLARININ GİYİM SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞLARINA ETKİSİ

OpenAIRE

DEMİREL, Hüsne

2013-01-01

Bu çalışmanın amacı bireylerin kişilik özellikleri, psikolojik durumları ve demografik özelliklerinin giyim satın alma davranışları üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın verileri 520 birey üzerinden toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, demografik özellikler anketi, Hacettepe Kişilik Envanteri, Kısa Form (SF-36), yaşamı değerlendirme formu ile araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen giyim satın alma davranışları ve giyim satın alma inanç-görüşü ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verile...

Un objeto de investigación que se convierte en objeto de unión

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Cristina Cocco

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Según cierta creencia difundida en el sur de Cerdeña, que todavía comparten los/as mayores del lugar, ciertas personas fueron condenadas en vida por ser responsables de crímenes contra la moral popular. Según los relatos, estos individuos fueron en la mayoría de los casos ricos terratenientes propietarios, cuyas historias de vida se ubican a mediados del siglo pasado. A las almas de estas personas condenadas en vida se les atribuía la capacidad de salir fuera del cuerpo, permitiendo a estos individuos el poder de bilocación 2 . Esta creencia y la memoria compartida de los acontecimientos relacionados con las historias de estas almas, ha vinculado a muchas personas que aún creen en la realidad de este fenómeno. Dejando de lado las diversas interpretaciones históricas y psicológicas que se podrían exponer al respecto, el intento de este trabajo es evidenciar de qué manera estas almas han sido objeto de unión, a lo largo de las décadas, entre las personas que tuvieron experiencia de este fenómeno, directa o indirectamente. El propósito es entender cómo estas almas pueden ser consideradas como un objeto de conexión o división interpersonal. Y, sobre todo, cómo el significado y carácter de estas almas-objeto se han ido reelaborando, adquiriendo atributos distintos e incluso opuestos, al transmitirse los relatos a lo largo del tiempo a otras personas.

El futuro de los recursos humanos en informática. Un estudio empírico con estudiantes secundarios argentinos

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Mariano Zukerfeld

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El sector de software y servicios informáticos ha tenido un crecimiento notable en la Argentina de la última década, sin embargo los recursos humanos son vistos por los actores del sector como el principal limitante para el desarrollo futuro de este. La pregunta general que fundamenta la investigación es: ¿en qué medida los adolescentes presentan potencialidades para desempeñarse en el futuro cercano, en procesos productivos de software? se preven algunas respuestas a través de tres ejes: tecnológico (cantidad y calidad del uso de tecnologías digitales e internet, subjetivo (la compatibilidad entre los gustos y habilidades de los jóvenes y los que son útiles en los procesos productivos de software e intersubjetivo (representaciones sobre los programadores, el mercado de trabajo y las carreras profesionales. Asimismo, se consideran las divergencias de género y las potencialidades de los jóvenes para, más allá de la producción de software, participar del trabajo informacional. Metodológicamente, su desarrollo se basa en información primaria surgida de una encuesta realizada a 627 estudiantes secundarios. Las conclusiones muestran que las actividades informáticas, en las tres dimensiones, las mujeres presentan una lejanía mayor que los varones. Asimismo, pese a que encontramos algunas habilidades subjetivas promisorias, en la dimensión intersubjetiva emergen fuertes limitaciones para identificarse con un horizonte laboral en informática. Finalmente, se considera que quiénes manifiestan deseos de avanzar en una educación universitaria en informática, no son los alumnos que declaran tener prácticas actuales en esa actividad. Se sugieren algunas líneas de acción respaldadas por políticas públicas.

Patología, escritura y género en el fin de siglo: Alma contemporánea y Manual del perfecto enfermo

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Alba del Pozo García

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda dos ensayos españoles sobre la enfermedad publicados en el cambio de siglo XIX-XX, de José María Llanas Aguilaniedo (Alma contemporánea, 1899 y de Rafael Urbano (Manual del perfecto enfermo, 1911. Se examina el modo en el que asumen la neurosis masculina como una manifestación positiva e inevitable de la vida moderna, en línea con el ambiente cultural de un fin de siglo marcado por los discursos médicos y la correlación que establecen entre el genio, la producción artística y las patologías psiquiátricas. Ambos textos se identifican con la retórica clínica y plantean un propósito curativo explícito. Sin embargo, en lugar de limitarse a reproducir el binomio enfermo/sano, lo van a problematizar, puesto que la categoría de enfermedad que desarrollan se va a desligar del modelo médico para desplazarse al terreno de la subjetividad, la escritura y la identidad. This paper analyses two Spanish essays on illness published during the fin de siècle: José María Llanas Aguilaniedo’s 1899 Alma contemporánea and Rafael Urbano’s 1911 Manual del perfecto enfermo. The focus lies on how masculine neurosis is read as a sign of modern struggles in a fin de siècle culture characterized by the hegemony of medical discourses and the relationship between genius, artistic production, and psychiatric pathologies. Both texts are associated to medical discourses and suggest healing strategies. In this scope, the typical ill/health opposition undergoes a critical turn. In fact, these texts depict a notion of illness that undermines medical rhetoric, placing illness in the field of subjectivity, writing and identity.

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF HD 141569’s CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

White, J. A.; Boley, A. C. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1 (Canada); Hughes, A. M.; Flaherty, K. M. [Department of Astronomy, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, 96 Foss Hill Drive, Middletown, CT 06459 (United States); Ford, E. [Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-2111 (United States); Wilner, D.; Payne, M. [Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Corder, S., E-mail: jawhite@astro.ubc.ca [North American ALMA Science Center, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22903 (United States)

2016-09-20

We present ALMA band 7 (345 GHz) continuum and {sup 12}CO( J = 3-2) observations of the circumstellar disk surrounding HD 141569. At an age of about 5 Myr, the disk has a complex morphology that may be best interpreted as a nascent debris system with gas. Our 870 μ m ALMA continuum observations resolve a dust disk out to approximately 56 au from the star (assuming a distance of 116 pc) with 0.″38 resolution and 0.07 mJy beam{sup −1} sensitivity. We measure a continuum flux density for this inner material of 3.8 ± 0.4 mJy (including calibration uncertainties). The {sup 12}CO(3-2) gas is resolved kinematically and spatially from about 30 to 210 au. The integrated {sup 12}CO(3-2) line flux density is 15.7 ± 1.6 Jy km s{sup −1}. We estimate the mass of the millimeter debris and {sup 12}CO(3-2) gas to be ≳0.04 M {sub ⊕} and ∼2 × 10{sup −3} M {sub ⊕}, respectively. If the millimeter grains are part of a collisional cascade, then we infer that the inner disk (<50 au) has ∼160 M {sub ⊕} contained within objects less than 50 km in radius, depending on the planetesimal size distribution and density assumptions. Markov Chain Monte Carlo modeling of the system reveals a disk morphology with an inclination of 53.°4 centered around an M = 2.39 M {sub ⊙} host star ( M sin( i ) = 1.92 M {sub ⊙}). We discuss whether the gas in HD 141569's disk may be second generation. If it is, the system can be used to study the clearing stages of planet formation.

LA NOCIÓN DE PERSONA Y EL CONCEPTO DE IXTLAMATKI EN LA VISIÓN DEL MUNDO DE LOS NAHUAS DE LA SIERRA NEGRA DE PUEBLA

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Laura Romero

2007-12-01

Full Text Available En la cosmovisión de los nahuas de San Sebastián Tlacotepec, municipio perteneciente a la Sierra Negra de Puebla, la noción de persona es uno de los ejes vertebrales para entender la forma en que es concebido elixtlamatki, el que sabe ver, especialista ritual encargado de los problemas de salud originados por la pérdida del alma, el daño al animal compañero y la brujería. A partir del análisis de los atributos otorgados al ixtlamatki, mismos que lo definen como un ser humano “especial”, podemos entender su función como intermediario entre el mundo humano y el “mundo-otro”, sus capacidades como “recuperador” de almas, su capacidad de transformarse en animal, la fortaleza de sus entidades anímicas y su facultad de actuar a voluntad durante sus sueños.   ABSTRACT In the world view of the nahua population of San Sebastian Tlacotepec, a village localized in the region denominated Sierra Negra in the state of Puebla, the “notion of person” is one of the principals elements necessary to understand the concept of ixtlamatki, “ the one who knows how to see”, ritual specialist in charge of health problems en cases like loss of soul, witchcraft or when the alter ego has been hurt. Beginning with the analysis of his attributes, which define him as special human being, we come closer to understand his function as intermediary between the human world and the “other world”; his power as “soul retriever” and other special abilities, for example, his capacity of transforming himself as well as his faculty to act intentionally in his dreams.

The Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) - A Successful Three-Way International Partnership Without a Majority Stakeholder

Science.gov (United States)

Vanden Bout, Paul A.

2013-04-01

The Atacama Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) is the largest ground-based astronomical facility built to date. It's size and challenging site required an international effort. This talk presents the partnership structure, management challenges, current status, and examples of early scientific successes.

Los estados contables básicos de cierre de ejercicio y el informe contable para la venta

OpenAIRE

Viegas, Juan Carlos; García Fronti, Inés Mercedes; Gajst, Ignacio Fabián

1996-01-01

La preparación de un informe contable para la venta de la empresa, exige la adopción de un conjunto de criterios y principios contables específicos que responde a esos fines; los mismos se apartan de las normas de aplicación obligatoria para la preparación de los estados contables de cierre, cuyo objetivo principal es la determinación del resultado de ejercicio. Teniendo en cuenta, la importancia que tienen los estados contables de uso externo, creemos conveniente señalar los alcances de los ...

The Anatomy of an Extreme Starburst within 1.3 Gyr of the Big Bang Revealed by ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Carilli, C. L.; Riechers, D.; Walter, F.; Maiolino, R.; Wagg, J.; Lentati, L.; McMahon, R.; Wolfe, A.

2013-02-01

We present further analysis of the [C II] 158 μm fine structure line and thermal dust continuum emission from the archetype extreme starburst/active galactic nucleus (AGN) group of galaxies in the early universe, BRI 1202-0725 at z = 4.7, using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. The group has long been noted for having a closely separated (26 kpc in projection) FIR-hyperluminous quasar host galaxy and an optically obscured submillimeter galaxy (SMG). A short ALMA test observation reveals a rich laboratory for the study of the myriad processes involved in clustered massive galaxy formation in the early universe. Strong [C II] emission from the SMG and the quasar have been reported earlier by Wagg et al. based on these observations. In this paper, we examine in more detail the imaging results from the ALMA observations, including velocity channel images, position-velocity plots, and line moment images. We present detections of [C II] emission from two Lyα-selected galaxies in the group, demonstrating the relative ease with which ALMA can detect the [C II] emission from lower star formation rate galaxies at high redshift. Imaging of the [C II] emission shows a clear velocity gradient across the SMG, possibly indicating rotation or a more complex dynamical system on a scale ~10 kpc. There is evidence in the quasar spectrum and images for a possible outflow toward the southwest, as well as more extended emission (a "bridge"), between the quasar and the SMG, although the latter could simply be emission from Lyα-1 blending with that of the quasar at the limited spatial resolution of the current observations. These results provide an unprecedented view of a major merger of gas-rich galaxies driving extreme starbursts and AGN accretion during the formation of massive galaxies and supermassive black holes within 1.3 Gyr of the big bang. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA

Un informe reservado sobre los trabajos de la expedición botánica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sergio Elías Ortíz

1961-06-01

Full Text Available Aunque la Corte Española conocía por los informes del Arzobispo Virrey, D. Antonio Caballero y Góngora, los motivos de orden patriótico y económico que lo habían movido a fundar en 1783 el glorioso instituto que él había bautizado con el título de Expedición Botánica en el Virreinato de la Nueva Granada, y conocía también de sobra los merecimientos que adornaban la personalidad del Dr. José Celestino Mutis, colocado como Director de la misma con el título de Botánico y Astrónomo de Su Majestad, había alguna preocupación por saber en las altas esferas del Estado cuál era el curso de los trabajos en diez años de ejercicio y si ellos correspondían a los gastos expedidos para sostenerla.

Los dias que ahora son sueños: un recuerdo del maestro Guillermo Valencia

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Eduardo Carranza

1965-01-01

Full Text Available En el más hermoso sitio de la campiña payanesa se alza la mansión señorial de Valencia. El río Cauca arrastra, cerca, su crespo y raudo caudal. Los robles ponen una nota solemne y viril contra el verde tierno, eglógico, casi femenino de la pradera. A lo lejos levanta Popayán su dulce y grave fisonomía de piedra bajo el vuelo de las campanas y las palomas. Allí el lánguido hechizo del clima invade las venas del cuerpo y del alma con un suave poderío. En la distancia, arroyos tranquilos humedecen de cielo la breve llanura maravillosa.

Using ALMA to Resolve the Nature of the Early Star-Forming Large-Scale Structure G073

Science.gov (United States)

Hill, R.; Kneissl, R.; Polletta, M.; Clarenc, B.; Dole, H. A.; Nesvadba, N. P. H.; Scott, D.; Béthermin, M.; Lagache, G.; Montier, L.

2017-07-01

Galaxy clusters at large redshift are key targets for understanding the nature of the early Universe, yet locating them has proven to be very challenging. Recently, a large sample of over 2000 high-z candidate structures have been found using Planck's all-sky submillimetre maps, and a subset of 234 have been followed up with Herschel-SPIRE, which showed that the emission can be attributed to large far-infrared overdensities. However, the individual galaxies giving rise to the emission seen by Planck and Herschel have not yet been resolved nor characterized, so we do not yet know whether these sources are the progenitors of present-day, massive galaxy clusters. In an attempt to address this, we targeted the eight brightest Herschel-SPIRE peaks in the centre of the Planck peak G073.4-57.5 using ALMA at 1.3 mm, and complemented these observations with multi-wavelength data from Spitzer-IRAC at 3.6 and 4.5 μm and from CFHT-WIRCam at 1.2 and 2.2 μm. We also utilize data on G073.4-57.5 at 850 μm from JCMT's SCUBA-2 instrument. We detect a total of 18 millimetre galaxies brighter than 0.3mJy in 2.4arcmin2. In every case we are able to match these to their NIR counterparts, and while the most significant SCUBA-2 sources are not included in the ALMA pointings, we find an 8σ detection when stacking the ALMA source positions in the 850 μm data. We derive photometric redshifts, IR luminosities, star-formation rates, stellar masses, dust temperatures, and dust masses; the photometric redshifts are concentrated around z ≃ 1 and z ≃ 2 and the NIR colours show a "red" sequence, while the star-formation rates indicate that three of the galaxies are "starbursts". Serendipitous CO line detections of two of the galaxies appear to match their photometric redshifts with z = 2.05. We find that the ALMA source density is 8-30 times higher than average background estimates, and thus also larger than seen in typical "proto-cluster" fields. The evidence seems to be indicating the

The SPT+Herschel+ALMA+Spitzer Legacy Survey: The stellar content of high redshift strongly lensed systems

Science.gov (United States)

Vieira, Joaquin; Ashby, Matt; Carlstrom, John; Chapman, Scott; DeBreuck, Carlos; Fassnacht, Chris; Gonzalez, Anthony; Phadke, Kedar; Marrone, Dan; Malkan, Matt; Reuter, Cassie; Rotermund, Kaja; Spilker, Justin; Weiss, Axel

2018-05-01

The South Pole Telescope (SPT) has systematically identified 90 high-redshift strongly gravitationally lensed submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in a 2500 square-degree cosmological survey of the millimeter (mm) sky. These sources are selected by their extreme mm flux, which is largely independent of redshift and lensing configuration. We are undertaking a comprehensive and systematic followup campaign to use these "cosmic magnifying glasses" to study the infrared background in unprecedented detail, inform the condition of the interstellar medium in starburst galaxies at high redshift, and place limits on dark matter substructure. Here we ask for 115.4 hours of deep Spitzer/IRAC imaging to complete our survey of 90 systems to a uniform depth of 30min integrations at 3.6um and 60min at 4.5um. In our sample of 90 systems, 16 have already been fully observed, 30 have been partially observed, and 44 have not been observed at all. Our immediate goals are to: 1) constrain the specific star formation rates of the background high-redshift submillimeter galaxies by combining these Spitzer observations with our APEX, Herschel, and ALMA data, 2) robustly determine the stellar masses and mass-to-light ratios of all the foreground lensing galaxies in the sample by combining these observations with our VLT and Gemini data, the Dark Energy Survey, and ALMA; and 3) provide complete, deep, and uniform NIR coverage of our entire sample of lensed systems to characterize the environments of high redshift SMGs, maximize the discovery potential for additional spectacular and rare sources, and prepare for JWST. This program will provide the cornerstone data set for two PhD theses: Kedar Phadke at Illinois will lead the analysis of stellar masses for the background SMGs, and Kaja Rotermund at Dalhousie will lead the analysis of stellar masses for the foreground lenses.

El cuidado del alma y otros cuidados en las cartas de aniversario del cabildo de los clérigos de Cuéllar en el siglo XIV = The Care of the Soul and Other Concerns in Obit Endowment Charters of the Chapter of Clerics of Cuéllar in the Fourteenth Century

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mauricio Herrero Jiménez

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El trabajo que presentamos tiene como objeto fundamental el estudio de las cartas de aniversario. Aplicando el método de la ciencia diplomática, nos proponemos mostrar cómo las cartas de aniversario del cabildo de los clérigos de Cuéllar muestran lo concerniente a la preocupación por el alma después de la muerte, al valor de la oración y lo que fue donado para pagarlas, con  cuyas donaciones el capítulo incremento su patrimonio, sobre todo en el siglo XIV.The present paper aims to offer an study of anniversary documents. Using the method of the diplomatic science, we propose showing how the anniversary documents of the chapter of clerics of Cuéllar teach us to concern about the soul after death, the value of prayer, and what was donated to pay them, with whose donations the chapter increased its heritage specially in the XIV century.

Evaluación del impacto de los recursos económicos en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de la carrera Informática

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Manuel García Cuscó

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Con el empleo del instrumental teórico - metodológico de la evaluación educativa y de las Ciencias Económicas, en este artículo se presenta desde el punto de vista conceptual y operacional la variable recursos económicos-docentes, para obtener los indicadores, que una vez incluidos en los instrumentos diseñados y aplicados, permitieron no solo evaluar su impacto desde las dimensiones: insumo, proceso y producto en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes del segundo año de la carrera de Educación Laboral e Informática, sino también implementar acciones de mejora de la calidad del proceso docente-educativo.

ALMA Discovery of Solar Umbral Brightness Enhancement at λ = 3 mm

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iwai, Kazumasa [Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601 (Japan); Loukitcheva, Maria [Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Boulevard, Newark, NJ 07102 (United States); Shimojo, Masumi [Chile Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Solanki, Sami K. [Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37073 Göttingen (Germany); White, Stephen M., E-mail: k.iwai@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp [Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM (United States)

2017-06-01

We report the discovery of a brightness enhancement in the center of a large sunspot umbra at a wavelength of 3 mm using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA). Sunspots are among the most prominent features on the solar surface, but many of their aspects are surprisingly poorly understood. We analyzed a λ = 3 mm (100 GHz) mosaic image obtained by ALMA that includes a large sunspot within the active region AR12470, on 2015 December 16. The 3 mm map has a 300″ × 300″ field of view and 4.″9 × 2.″2 spatial resolution, which is the highest spatial resolution map of an entire sunspot in this frequency range. We find a gradient of 3 mm brightness from a high value in the outer penumbra to a low value in the inner penumbra/outer umbra. Within the inner umbra, there is a marked increase in 3 mm brightness temperature, which we call an umbral brightness enhancement. This enhanced emission corresponds to a temperature excess of 800 K relative to the surrounding inner penumbral region and coincides with excess brightness in the 1330 and 1400 Å slit-jaw images of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph ( IRIS ), adjacent to a partial lightbridge. This λ = 3 mm brightness enhancement may be an intrinsic feature of the sunspot umbra at chromospheric heights, such as a manifestation of umbral flashes, or it could be related to a coronal plume, since the brightness enhancement was coincident with the footpoint of a coronal loop observed at 171 Å.

Effects of mid-latitude ionosphere observed from ground-based ionosonde data obtained at Alma-Ata station during strong geomagnetic storms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gordienko, G.I.; Vodynnikov, V.V.; Yakovets, A.E.

2006-01-01

The ionospheric effects of fourteen great geomagnetic storms occurred in the 1986-2005 time period observed over Alma-Ata (43.25 N , 76.92 E ) were studied experimentally using ground-based ionosonde. The observations showed a number of unusual (for the Alma-Ata location) ionospheric phenomena during the active phase of geomagnetic storms, along with a negative phase in the ionospheric F2-layer disturbance an anomalous formation of the E, E2, and F1 layers at nighttime, and the appearance of aurora-type sporadic E layers were found. Processes of interaction of energetic neutrals with the upper atmosphere modeled by Bauske et al. (1997) for magnetically distributed condition seem to explain the phenomena of ionization of F1 and E region at night. (author)

Reingeniería de los sistemas informáticos de la Empresa Municipal de Cuenca EMTET

OpenAIRE

Bermeo Moyano, Diego Marcelo; Corella Verdugo, Yenner Fernando; Cuenca Ortega, Angel Eduardo; Vicuña Méndez, César Rodolfo

2007-01-01

La Empresa Municipal de Cuenca EMTET, responsable de la Administración de la Terminal Terrestre y el Servicio de Estacionamiento Rotativo Tarifado "Sert" de Cuenca, se ha visto en la necesidad de contar con un Sistema que sea capaz de unificar la información que actualmente se encuentra fragmentada, el objetivo es satisfacer todas las necesidades informáticas por parte de los usuarios de los diferentes departamentos. Los datos de la EMTET son generados y administrados en tres diferentes siste...

Corpo e Alma em Foucault: Postulados para uma Metodologia da Psicologia

OpenAIRE

Fernando de Almeida Silveira; Reinaldo Furlan

2003-01-01

Michel Foucault destaca o corpo como expressão de poderes e de saberes que se articulam estrategicamente na história da sociedade ocidental. O corpo é, simultaneamente, agente e peça dentro de um jogo de forças presente em toda a rede social, que o torna depositário de marcas e de sinais que nele se inscrevem nesses embates, os quais, por sua vez, têm na corporeidade seu "campo de prova". E a alma surge como instrumento de atuação dos poderes/saberes sobre o corpo, no processo de constituição...

Chandra and ALMA observations of the nuclear activity in two strongly lensed star-forming galaxies

Science.gov (United States)

Massardi, M.; Enia, A. F. M.; Negrello, M.; Mancuso, C.; Lapi, A.; Vignali, C.; Gilli, R.; Burkutean, S.; Danese, L.; Zotti, G. De

2018-02-01

Aim. According to coevolutionary scenarios, nuclear activity and star formation play relevant roles in the early stages of galaxy formation. We aim at identifying them in high-redshift galaxies by exploiting high-resolution and high-sensitivity X-ray and millimeter-wavelength data to confirm the presence or absence of star formation and nuclear activity and describe their relative roles in shaping the spectral energy distributions and in contributing to the energy budgets of the galaxies. Methods: We present the data, model, and analysis in the X-ray and millimeter (mm) bands for two strongly lensed galaxies, SDP.9 (HATLAS J090740.0-004200) and SDP.11 (HATLAS J091043.1-000322), which we selected in the Herschel-ATLAS catalogs for their excess emission in the mid-IR regime at redshift ≳1.5. This emission suggests nuclear activity in the early stages of galaxy formation. We observed both of them with Chandra ACIS-S in the X-ray regime and analyzed the high-resolution mm data that are available in the ALMA Science Archive for SDP.9. By combining the information available in mm, optical, and X-ray bands, we reconstructed the source morphology. Results: Both targets were detected in the X-ray, which strongly indicates highly obscured nuclear activity. ALMA observations for SDP.9 for the continuum and CO(6-5) spectral line with high resolution (0.02 arcsec corresponding to 65 pc at the distance of the galaxy) allowed us to estimate the lensed galaxy redshift to a better accuracy than pre-ALMA estimates (1.5753 ± 0.0003) and to model the emission of the optical, millimetric, and X-ray band for this galaxy. We demonstrate that the X-ray emission is generated in the nuclear environment, which strongly supports that this object has nuclear activity. On the basis of the X-ray data, we attempt an estimate of the black hole properties in these galaxies. Conclusions: By taking advantage of the lensing magnification, we identify weak nuclear activity associated with high

ALMA-resolved salt emission traces the chemical footprint and inner wind morphology of VY Canis Majoris

Science.gov (United States)

Decin, L.; Richards, A. M. S.; Millar, T. J.; Baudry, A.; De Beck, E.; Homan, W.; Smith, N.; Van de Sande, M.; Walsh, C.

2016-07-01

Context. At the end of their lives, most stars lose a significant amount of mass through a stellar wind. The specific physical and chemical circumstances that lead to the onset of the stellar wind for cool luminous stars are not yet understood. Complex geometrical morphologies in the circumstellar envelopes prove that various dynamical and chemical processes are interlocked and that their relative contributions are not easy to disentangle. Aims: We aim to study the inner-wind structure (RVY CMa, the archetype for the class of luminous red supergiant stars experiencing high mass loss. Specifically, the objective is to unravel the density structure in the inner envelope and to examine the chemical interaction between gas and dust species. Methods: We analyse high spatial resolution (~0.̋24×0.̋13) ALMA science verification (SV) data in band 7, in which four thermal emission lines of gaseous sodium chloride (NaCl) are present at high signal-to-noise ratio. Results: For the first time, the NaCl emission in the inner wind region of VY CMa is spatially resolved. The ALMA observations reveal the contribution of up to four different spatial regions. The NaCl emission pattern is different compared to the dust continuum and TiO2 emission already analysed from the ALMA SV data. The emission can be reconciled with an axisymmetric geometry, where the lower density polar/rotation axis has a position angle of ~50° measured from north to east. However, this picture cannot capture the full morphological diversity, and discrete mass ejection events need to be invoked to explain localized higher-density regions. The velocity traced by the gaseous NaCl line profiles is significantly lower than the average wind terminal velocity, and much slower than some of the fastest mass ejections, signalling a wide range of characteristic speeds for the mass loss. Gaseous NaCl is detected far beyond the main dust condensation region. Realising the refractory nature of this metal halide, this

Unveiling the inner morphology and gas kinematics of NGC 5135 with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Sabatini, G.; Gruppioni, C.; Massardi, M.; Giannetti, A.; Burkutean, S.; Cimatti, A.; Pozzi, F.; Talia, M.

2018-06-01

The local Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 5135, thanks to its almost face-on appearance, a bulge overdensity of stars, the presence of a large-scale bar, an active galactic nucleus (AGN) and a supernova remnant, is an excellent target to investigate the dynamics of inflows, outflows, star formation, and AGN feedback. Here, we present a reconstruction of the gas morphology and kinematics in the inner regions of this galaxy, based on the analysis of Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) archival data. For this purpose, we combine the available ˜100 pc resolution ALMA 1.3 and 0.45 mm observations of dust continuum emission, the spectroscopic maps of two transitions of the CO molecule (tracer of molecular gas mass in star-forming and nuclear regions), and of the CS molecule (tracer of the dense star-forming regions) with the outcome of the spectral energy distribution decomposition. By applying the 3DBAROLO software (3D-Based Analysis of Rotating Objects from Line Observations), we have been able to fit the galaxy rotation curve using a 3D tilted-ring model of the disc. Most of the observed emitting features are described by our kinematic model. We also attempt an interpretation for the emission in a few regions that the axisymmetric model fails to reproduce. The most relevant of these is a region at the northern edge of the inner bar, where multiple velocity components overlap, as a possible consequence of the expansion of a superbubble.

ALMA Survey of Lupus Protoplanetary Disks. II. Gas Disk Radii

Science.gov (United States)

Ansdell, M.; Williams, J. P.; Trapman, L.; van Terwisga, S. E.; Facchini, S.; Manara, C. F.; van der Marel, N.; Miotello, A.; Tazzari, M.; Hogerheijde, M.; Guidi, G.; Testi, L.; van Dishoeck, E. F.

2018-05-01

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-Millimeter Array (ALMA) Band 6 observations of a complete sample of protoplanetary disks in the young (∼1–3 Myr) Lupus star-forming region, covering the 1.33 mm continuum and the 12CO, 13CO, and C18O J = 2–1 lines. The spatial resolution is ∼0.″25 with a medium 3σ continuum sensitivity of 0.30 mJy, corresponding to M dust ∼ 0.2 M ⊕. We apply Keplerian masking to enhance the signal-to-noise ratios of our 12CO zero-moment maps, enabling measurements of gas disk radii for 22 Lupus disks; we find that gas disks are universally larger than millimeter dust disks by a factor of two on average, likely due to a combination of the optically thick gas emission and the growth and inward drift of the dust. Using the gas disk radii, we calculate the dimensionless viscosity parameter, α visc, finding a broad distribution and no correlations with other disk or stellar parameters, suggesting that viscous processes have not yet established quasi-steady states in Lupus disks. By combining our 1.33 mm continuum fluxes with our previous 890 μm continuum observations, we also calculate the millimeter spectral index, α mm, for 70 Lupus disks; we find an anticorrelation between α mm and millimeter flux for low-mass disks (M dust ≲ 5), followed by a flattening as disks approach α mm ≈ 2, which could indicate faster grain growth in higher-mass disks, but may also reflect their larger optically thick components. In sum, this work demonstrates the continuous stream of new insights into disk evolution and planet formation that can be gleaned from unbiased ALMA disk surveys.

ALMA observations of molecular absorption in four directions toward the Galactic bulge

Science.gov (United States)

Liszt, H.; Gerin, M.

2018-02-01

Context. Alma Cycle 3 observations serendipitously showed strong absorption from diffuse molecular gas in the Galactic bulge at -200 km s-1 51(3σ) for the bulge gas toward J1744 and 58 ± 9 and 64 ± 4 for the disk gas toward J1717 and J1744, respectively, all well above the value of 20-25 typical of the central molecular zone. Conclusions: The kinematics and chemistry of the bulge gas observed toward J1744 more nearly resemble that of gas in the Milky Way disk than in the central molecular zone.

ALMA SCIENCE VERIFICATION DATA: MILLIMETER CONTINUUM POLARIMETRY OF THE BRIGHT RADIO QUASAR 3C 286

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagai, H.; Nakanishi, K.; Hada, K. [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Osawa 2-21-1, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Paladino, R. [INAF-Osservatorio di Radioastronomia, Via P. Gobetti, 101 I-40129 Bologna (Italy); Hull, C. L. H. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Cortes, P.; Fomalont, E. [Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura 763 0355, Santiago de Chile (Chile); Moellenbrock, G. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Socorro, NM 87801 (United States); Asada, K., E-mail: hiroshi.nagai@nao.ac.jp [The Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, AS/NTU. No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C (China)

2016-06-20

We present full-polarization observations of the compact, steep-spectrum radio quasar 3C 286 made with the Atacama Large Millimeter and Submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 1.3 mm. These are the first full-polarization ALMA observations, which were obtained in the framework of Science Verification. A bright core and a south–west component are detected in the total intensity image, similar to previous centimeter images. Polarized emission is also detected toward both components. The fractional polarization of the core is about 17%; this is higher than the fractional polarization at centimeter wavelengths, suggesting that the magnetic field is even more ordered in the millimeter radio core than it is further downstream in the jet. The observed polarization position angle (or electric vector position angle (EVPA)) in the core is ∼39{sup ◦}, which confirms the trend that the EVPA slowly increases from centimeter to millimeter wavelengths. With the aid of multi-frequency VLBI observations, we argue that this EVPA change is associated with the frequency-dependent core position. We also report a serendipitous detection of a sub-mJy source in the field of view, which is likely to be a submillimeter galaxy.

Identifying the subtle signatures of feedback from distant AGN using ALMA observations and the EAGLE hydrodynamical simulations

Science.gov (United States)

Scholtz, J.; Alexander, D. M.; Harrison, C. M.; Rosario, D. J.; McAlpine, S.; Mullaney, J. R.; Stanley, F.; Simpson, J.; Theuns, T.; Bower, R. G.; Hickox, R. C.; Santini, P.; Swinbank, A. M.

2018-03-01

We present sensitive 870 μm continuum measurements from our ALMA programmes of 114 X-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the Chandra Deep Field-South and Cosmic Evolution Survey fields. We use these observations in combination with data from Spitzer and Herschel to construct a sample of 86 X-ray selected AGN, 63 with ALMA constraints at z = 1.5-3.2 with stellar mass >2 × 1010 M⊙. We constructed broad-band spectral energy distributions in the infrared band (8-1000 μm) and constrain star-formation rates (SFRs) uncontaminated by the AGN. Using a hierarchical Bayesian method that takes into account the information from upper limits, we fit SFR and specific SFR (sSFR) distributions. We explore these distributions as a function of both X-ray luminosity and stellar mass. We compare our measurements to two versions of the Evolution and Assembly of GaLaxies and their Environments (EAGLE) hydrodynamical simulations: the reference model with AGN feedback and the model without AGN. We find good agreement between the observations and that predicted by the EAGLE reference model for the modes and widths of the sSFR distributions as a function of both X-ray luminosity and stellar mass; however, we found that the EAGLE model without AGN feedback predicts a significantly narrower width when compared to the data. Overall, from the combination of the observations with the model predictions, we conclude that (1) even with AGN feedback, we expect no strong relationship between the sSFR distribution parameters and instantaneous AGN luminosity and (2) a signature of AGN feedback is a broad distribution of sSFRs for all galaxies (not just those hosting an AGN) with stellar masses above ≈1010 M⊙.

Gaps, Rings, and Non-Axisymmetric Structures in Protoplanetary Disks - From Simulations to ALMA Observations

OpenAIRE

Flock, M.; Ruge, J. P.; Dzyurkevich, N.; Henning, Th.; Klahr, H.; Wolf, S.

2014-01-01

International audience; Aims. Recent observations by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) of disks around young stars revealed distinct asymmetries in the dust continuum emission. In this work we wish to study axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric structures that are generated by the magneto-rotational instability in the outer regions of protoplanetary disks. We combine the results of state-of-the-art numerical simulations with post-processing radiative transfer (RT) to generat...

Información de los recursos intangibles ocultos: ¿memorias de sostenibilidad o informe anual?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisca Tejedo Romero

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Los recursos de naturaleza intangible se han convertido en los principales generadores de valor de manera sostenible en las empresas. En concreto, aquellos que permanecen ocultos en los balances debido a las dificultades que plantea su reconocimiento y medición (es decir, lo que se denomina capital intelectual. Si bien, el suministro por parte de las empresas de información voluntaria sobre estos recursos puede ayudar a reducir las posibles asimetrías de información y mejorar la transparencia informativa entre sus grupos de interés (stakeholders. En este sentido, los informes anuales son los principales medios de divulgación que tienen las empresas para suministrar información voluntaria. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, las memorias de sostenibilidad se han convertido en la principal vía de comunicación como mecanismo para legitimar las actuaciones de las empresas ante sus stakeholders. Así, nuestro objetivo es explorar y analizar el medio de comunicación que están empleando las empresas para suministrar información voluntaria sobre sus recursos intangibles ocultos. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que se ha producido un cambio en la política de información empresarial y las memorias de sostenibilidad se han convertido en el principal soporte para suministrar información voluntaria a los stakeholders, además de ser un buen medio para suministrar información de los recursos intangibles.

LEARNIG TO BE INFORMED ON THE INTERNET: ¿ARE STUDENTS EFFECTIVE IN SEEKING AND SELECTING ONLINE INFORMATION? APRENDER A INFORMARSE EN LA RED: ¿SON LOS ESTUDIANTES EFICIENTES BUSCANDO Y SELECCIONANDO INFORMACIÓN?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María José Hernández Serrano

2011-03-01

Full Text Available From an educational perspective, taking the Internet as an informational resource for education, the article analyzes the scope of the new information skills in regard to the concepts of literacy and information competence. This brief description of skills leads to the question of how students perform in their searching and selecting practices with online information. The main conclusions abstracted from the recent author’s research are brought to debate in order to respond questions raised about the skills needed to being effective in accessing and managing online information. Finally, since the new ways to locate and operate with the information contributes to the reorganization of both the traditional models of teaching/learning and the roles of the educational stakeholders, we understand that preparing students to meet the informational demands requires of teachers as mediators or facilitators of the informational process; thus, in the final section of the article, a proposal for teaching strategies in searching and selecting online information is explored, by describing several useful activities.Desde una óptica educativa, tomando la Red como recurso de información para la educación, el artículo analiza qué suponen las nuevas habilidades informativas, en lo que respecta a los conceptos de alfabetización y competencia informacional. Esta breve descripción y recapitulación de habilidades nos lleva a preguntarnos, en la práctica, por cómo los estudiantes realizan los procesos de búsqueda y selección de información en línea. Traemos a debate las principales conclusiones abstraídas de los resultados de algunas de las investigaciones más relevantes de las autoras, que dan respuesta a los interrogantes planteados en torno a las habilidades necesarias para acceder y manejar eficazmente la información digital. Finalmente, y puesto que los nuevos modos para localizar y operar con la información precisan reorganizaciones tanto de

A segunda alma do partido dos trabalhadores

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André Singer

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Os dois mandatos de Lula formaram a síntese contraditória das "duas almas" que hoje habitam o PT. Foi o fato de ter implementado, simultaneamente, políticas que beneficiam o capital e promovem a inclusão dos mais pobres, com uma melhora relativa na situação dos trabalhadores, que permitiu a convivência dos princípios estabelecidos em sua fundação, no colégio Sion em 1980, e as diretrizes do programa de governo apresentadas em 2002 na convenção do Anhembi, em São Paulo.Lula's presidency seem to have blended PT's two apparently contradictory "souls". By implementing policies that favor capital while at the same time foster the social inclusion of the poor, and that have also improved working class citizens' life standards, Lula has been able, as a president, to preserve the ideals that animated the party's foundation and the more pragmatic programme for government set out in 2002.

Black hole mass measurement using molecular gas kinematics: what ALMA can do

Science.gov (United States)

Yoon, Ilsang

2017-04-01

We study the limits of the spatial and velocity resolution of radio interferometry to infer the mass of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic centres using the kinematics of circum-nuclear molecular gas, by considering the shapes of the galaxy surface brightness profile, signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) of the position-velocity diagram (PVD) and systematic errors due to the spatial and velocity structure of the molecular gas. We argue that for fixed galaxy stellar mass and SMBH mass, the spatial and velocity scales that need to be resolved increase and decrease, respectively, with decreasing Sérsic index of the galaxy surface brightness profile. We validate our arguments using simulated PVDs for varying beam size and velocity channel width. Furthermore, we consider the systematic effects on the inference of the SMBH mass by simulating PVDs including the spatial and velocity structure of the molecular gas, which demonstrates that their impacts are not significant for a PVD with good S/N unless the spatial and velocity scale associated with the systematic effects are comparable to or larger than the angular resolution and velocity channel width of the PVD from pure circular motion. Also, we caution that a bias in a galaxy surface brightness profile owing to the poor resolution of a galaxy photometric image can largely bias the SMBH mass by an order of magnitude. This study shows the promise and the limits of ALMA observations for measuring SMBH mass using molecular gas kinematics and provides a useful technical justification for an ALMA proposal with the science goal of measuring SMBH mass.

ALMACAL I: FIRST DUAL-BAND NUMBER COUNTS FROM A DEEP AND WIDE ALMA SUBMILLIMETER SURVEY, FREE FROM COSMIC VARIANCE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oteo, I.; Ivison, R. J. [Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ UK (United Kingdom); Zwaan, M. A.; Biggs, A. D. [European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching (Germany); Smail, I., E-mail: ivanoteogomez@gmail.com [Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE UK (United Kingdom)

2016-05-01

We have exploited ALMA calibration observations to carry out a novel, wide, and deep submillimeter (submm) survey, almacal. These calibration data comprise a large number of observations of calibrator fields in a variety of frequency bands and array configurations. By gathering together data acquired during multiple visits to many ALMA calibrators, it is possible to reach noise levels which allow the detection of faint, dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) over a significant area. In this paper, we outline our survey strategy and report the first results. We have analyzed data for 69 calibrators, reaching depths of ∼25 μ Jy beam{sup −1} at sub-arcsec resolution. Adopting a conservative approach based on ≥5 σ detections, we have found 8 and 11 DSFGs in ALMA bands 6 and 7, respectively, with flux densities S {sub 1.2} m {sub m} ≥ 0.2 mJy. The faintest galaxies would have been missed by even the deepest Herschel surveys. Our cumulative number counts have been determined independently at 870 μ m and 1.2 mm from a sparse sampling of the astronomical sky, and are thus relatively free of cosmic variance. The counts are lower than reported previously by a factor of at least 2×. Future analyses will yield large, secure samples of DSFGs with redshifts determined via the detection of submm spectral lines. Uniquely, our strategy then allows for morphological studies of very faint DSFGs—representative of more normal star-forming galaxies than conventional submm galaxies—in fields where self-calibration is feasible, yielding milliarcsecond spatial resolution.

Medical radioisotopes production at the isochronous cyclotron in Alma-Ata

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arzumanov, A.A.; Batischev, V.N.; Gladun, V.K.; Kochetkov, V.L.

1988-01-01

High efficiency cyclotron operations (up to 5200 hours of beam time a year) considerably increased the possibility to perform both fundamental and applied scientific work. There appeared possibility to accelerate protons in a wide energy range from 6 to 30 MeV and realize correspondingly the nuclear reactions up to (A, 3n). This paper reports that among different applied tasks performed at the cyclotron the special program of cyclotron production of short-lived medical radioisotopes iodine-123, thallium-201, cadmium-109 in the first place and some others to satisfy clinic needs of Alma-Ata and its region has special importance. In accordance with this program the preparation to produce iodine-123 is being held and regular production of Thallium chloride, thallium-201 pharmaceptical is started

Software as a Service: Herausforderungen bei der Einführung des Bibliothekssystems Alma in der Freien Universität Berlin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiri Kende

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Moderne Bibliothekssysteme werden zunehmend als Software as a Service (SaaS angeboten. Die Berliner Bibliotheken der Freien Universität Berlin, der Humboldt Universität, der Technischen Universität und der Universität der Künste haben für 2016 gemeinsam den Umstieg auf das cloudbasierte Bibliothekssystem Alma beschlossen. Der Aufsatz berichtet über die Herausforderungen während der zweijährigen Vertragsverhandlungen mit besonderem Augenmerk auf den Datenschutz.  Modern library management systems are increasingly offered as Software as a Service (SaaS.The libraries of the Free University Berlin, the Humboldt university, the Technical university and the University of Arts decided concertedly to move in 2016 to the cloud based next generation library management system Alma. The article reviews the challenges during the contract negotiations with a special focus on data protection.

ON THE NATURE OF THE TERTIARY COMPANION TO FW TAU: ALMA CO OBSERVATIONS AND SED MODELING

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Caceres, Claudio; Hardy, Adam; Schreiber, Matthias R.; Cánovas, Héctor [Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, 2360102 Valparaíso (Chile); Cieza, Lucas A. [Núcleo de Astronomía, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejército 441, Santiago (Chile); Williams, Jonathan P. [Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 (United States); Hales, Antonio [Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array, Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, 763-0355 Santiago (Chile); Pinte, Christophe [Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble (France); Ménard, Francois [UMI-FCA, CNRS/INSU, UMI 3386 (France); Wahhaj, Zahed [European Southern Observatory, Av. Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, 19001 Santiago (Chile)

2015-06-20

It is thought that planetary mass companions may form through gravitational disk instabilities or core accretion. Identifying such objects in the process of formation would provide the most direct test for the competing formation theories. One of the most promising candidates for a planetary mass object still in formation is the third object in the FW Tau system. We present here ALMA cycle 1 observations confirming the recently published 1.3 mm detection of a dust disk around this third object and present for the first time a clear detection of a single peak {sup 12}CO (2–1) line, providing direct evidence for the simultaneous existence of a gas disk. We perform radiative transfer modeling of the third object in FW Tau and find that current observations are consistent with either a brown dwarf embedded in an edge-on disk or a planet embedded in a low inclination disk, which is externally irradiated by the binary companion. Further observations with ALMA, aiming for high SNR detections of non-contaminated gas lines, are required to conclusively unveil the nature of the third object in FW Tau.

Educando el alma psicológica

OpenAIRE

Matthew Curtis

2007-01-01

Este trabajo retoma aspectos de una exploración de los trabajos de cuatro importantes psicólogos educativos estadounidenses Granville Stanley Hall, William James, John Dewey y Edward Thorndike para concentrarse en los principios rectores del desarrollo de los niños. Los trabajos de estos autores están considerados como funciones que psicologizan al niño como un proceso de llegar a ser humano, que deba ser educado con fines éticos e inteligentes. Dos puntos de partida históricos se abordan en ...

La comida del otro: el papel del régimen alimenticio en la formación de identidad y alteridad entre los mayas lacandones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alice Balsanelli

2017-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo principal del presente artículo es analizar la relación entre la construcción de la identidad, la alteridad y el régimen alimentario en un sistema animista. Se tomará en cuenta un caso etnográfico concreto, estudiado en el transcurso de un largo trabajo de campo entre los mayas lacandones de la Selva Lacandona (Estado de Chiapas, México, del 2011 al 2017. Los lacandones se caracterizan por una ontología animista: un sistema en el cual a todos los seres del cosmos se les otorga la posesión de un alma y características propias de la persona (raciocinio, agencia, sentimientos, habla, instituciones sociales y cultura. De esta manera, nada separa formalmente a los seres humanos de los no-humanos, que forman parte de una compleja red de alteridades con la que los indígenas mantienen relaciones contantes. En este marco, la alimentación, perteneciente al ámbito de lo corporal, se vuelve un importante referente para definir las fronteras ontológicas que permiten separar una humanidad específica y etnocéntrica (el grupo indígena de referencia de una “humanidad” generalizada.

La regulación de los daños informáticos en el código penal italiano

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Ivan Salvadori

2013-06-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se analiza la regulación de los delitos de daños informáticos introducidos en el Código penal italiano por la Ley nº. 48, de 18 de marzo de 2008, que ratifica y da ejecución al Convenio Cibercrimen del Consejo de Europa. El objetivo es averiguar si la legislación penal italiana en materia de daños informáticos cumple con las recomendaciones internacionales y en particular si se adecua a las técnicas de protección adoptadas por otros legisladores europeos. En primer lugar se analizarán los tipos delictivos de daños a datos y a sistemas informáticos “privados” (art. 635-bis y 635-quater c.p. y de daños a datos y a sistemas informáticos de carácter “publico” (art. 635-ter y 635-quinquies c.p.. Se pasará luego a estudiar su peculiar estructura típica y se determinarán los bienes jurídicos protegidos por los mencionados delitos. Por último, se formularán algunas consideraciones críticas en perspectiva de lege ferenda.

Referencias al contrabando en los informes de los «oidores» de la Real Audiencia de Extremadura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eusebio MEDINA GARCÍA

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En este artículo se recogen y se comentan las principales referencias sobre el contrabando tradicional en la frontera de España y Portugal, contenidas en los informes de los «oidores» (1791 y en otras disposiciones de la Real Audiencia de Extremadura. Además de resaltar la importancia que tuvo la instauración de la Real Audiencia de Extremadura en el proceso de consolidación de la Administración central en la región, ponemos de manifiesto el enorme interés de la autoridad real por conocer, para erradicar, los tráficos ilegales; siendo la recién estrenada —Real Audiencia—, un instrumento fundamental para implementar esa política de represión del contrabando en la frontera de Portugal, a finales del siglo XVIII.ABSTRACT: In this article the main references on the traditional smuggling in the border between Spain and Portugal, contained in the reports the «oidores» (1791 and in other regulations of the Royal Court of Extremadura are gathered and commented. Besides highlighting the great importance that the establishment of the Royal Court of Extremadura had in the process of consolidation of the state administration in the region, we point out the enormous interest of the Royal Authority in knowing the illegal trafficking to eradicate it. In this sense, the new Royal Court was a fundamental instrument to implement this policy of smuggling repression in the border at the end of 18th century.

The European ALMA production antennas: new drive applications for better performances and low cost management

Science.gov (United States)

Giacomel, L.; Manfrin, C.; Marchiori, G.

2008-07-01

From the first application on the VLT Telescopes till today, the linear motor identifies the best solution in terms of quality/cost for any technological application in the astronomical field. Its application also in the radio-astronomy sector with the ALMA project represents a whole of forefront technology, high reliability and minimum maintenance. The adoption of embedded electronics on each motor sector makes it a system at present modular, redundant with resetting of EMC troubles.

Pintor de almas en la moderna Babilonia : tardosimbolismo y déco en la pintura de Federico Beltrán

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Manuel Mujeriego Botella

2000-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del presente artículo es realizar una introducción a la obra pictórica del artista hispano-cubano Federico Beltrán. Nadie como él representa la transición entre la estética simbolista española de principios del siglo XX y el primer estilo decó que se gesta a finales de los años diez, como queda reflejado en el propio título del mismo: Pintor de Almas en la Moderna Babilonia. Significamos además su amistad con los «escritores eróticos» José Francés o Antonio de Hoyos y Vinent, como punto de partida del núcleo referencial de su obra, marcada por un simbolismo decadente, inspirado por la tradición centroeuropea y anglosajona, y aderezada con abundantes tópicos de españolidad.The aim of the following article is to provide an introduction about the works of Cuban painter Federico Beltrán. He may well represent a model in the transition between the symbolist painting tradition within the Spanish Art in the early 20th century towards the déco style which was later developed in the 1910's and 1920's. This model is referred to in the title itself, i.e.: Painter of Souls in the Modern Babilon. Since he befriended «erotic writers» José Francés and Antonio de Hoyos y Vinent, his style tended towards a decadent symbolism of central european and anglosaxon inspiration, presenting neverthelees abundant features of Spanish identity.

¡Son notables… los desaciertos y los vacíos!

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Argüello Rodríguez

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Son notables las ausencias y los equilibrios forzados en el informe de los cinco ciudadanos costarricenses sobre el TLC. Ausencias y seudoequilibrios que han sido ya utilizados para fortalecer la campaña de propaganda arrebatadora contra la oposición al TLC indicando que ‘los notables’ desnudaron los fantasmas (con lo cual, a decir verdad no se vería nada, sería la total transparencia.

La organización informal en los equipos innovadores: un estudio de caso comparativo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CRISTINA LÓPEZ

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un estudio comparativo, mixto, transversal y descriptivo, que se basa en un modelo multinivel de factores psicosociales para identificar, evaluar y comprender la dinámica de la organización informal en la innovación empresarial. La investigación se hace en el nivel de equipos, mediante la aplicación de los instrumentos del modelo. Para la comparación de los equipos, estos se clasifican como ''innovadores'' y ''no innovadores'', a partir de la práctica de actividades de innovación reconocidas por la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE. Debido a la distribución no paramétrica de las variables, se usa el estadístico U de Mann Whitney para identificar las diferencias. La muestra corresponde a 70 equipos que integran a 563 personas de 21 empresas. El estudio encuentra que sí existen diferencias en los factores de cohesión, potencia y clima de aprendizaje entre aquellos equipos que hacen actividades de innovación y los que no, también en el factor de liderazgo entre aquellos equipos que hacen actividades de investigación y desarrollo y los que realizan otro tipo de actividades de innovación. Para comprender la relación de dichos factores con la innovación, se desarrolla un multicaso comparativo, entre cuatro equipos ''innovadores'' de dos empresas participantes. Los resultados dejan de manifiesto la relación existente entre factores de orden cultural y los factores psicosociales potencia y clima de aprendizaje.

ALMA IMAGING OF THE CO (6-5) LINE EMISSION IN NGC 7130

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhao, Yinghe [Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650011 (China); Lu, Nanyao [National Astronomical Observatories of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 (China); Xu, C. Kevin; Appleton, Philip; Murphy, Eric [Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Gao, Yu [Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China); Barcos-Munõz, Loreto [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, 530 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904 (United States); Díaz-Santos, Tanio [Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejército Libertador 441, Santiago (Chile); Charmandaris, Vassilis [Department of Physics, University of Crete, GR-71003 Heraklion (Greece); Armus, Lee [Spitzer Science Center, California Institute of Technology, MS 220-6, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Van der Werf, Paul [Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden (Netherlands); Evans, Aaron [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, VA 22904 (United States); Cao, Chen [School of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209 (China); Inami, Hanae, E-mail: zhaoyinghe@gmail.com [National Optical Astronomy Observatory, 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719 (United States)

2016-04-01

In this paper, we report our high-resolution (0.″20 × 0.″14 or ∼70 × 49 pc) observations of the CO(6-5) line emission, which probes warm and dense molecular gas, and the 434 μm dust continuum in the nuclear region of NGC 7130, obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The CO line and dust continuum fluxes detected in our ALMA observations are 1230 ± 74 Jy km s{sup −1} and 814 ± 52 mJy, respectively, which account for 100% and 51% of their total fluxes. We find that the CO(6-5) and dust emissions are generally spatially correlated, but their brightest peaks show an offset of ∼70 pc, suggesting that the gas and dust emissions may start decoupling at this physical scale. The brightest peak of the CO(6-5) emission does not spatially correspond to the radio continuum peak, which is likely dominated by an active galactic nucleus (AGN). This, together with our additional quantitative analysis, suggests that the heating contribution of the AGN to the CO(6-5) emission in NGC 7130 is negligible. The CO(6-5) and the extinction-corrected Pa-α maps display striking differences, suggestive of either a breakdown of the correlation between warm dense gas and star formation at linear scales of <100 pc or a large uncertainty in our extinction correction to the observed Pa-α image. Over a larger scale of ∼2.1 kpc, the double-lobed structure found in the CO(6-5) emission agrees well with the dust lanes in the optical/near-infrared images.

Rings and gaps in the disc around Elias 24 revealed by ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Dipierro, G.; Ricci, L.; Pérez, L.; Lodato, G.; Alexander, R. D.; Laibe, G.; Andrews, S.; Carpenter, J. M.; Chandler, C. J.; Greaves, J. A.; Hall, C.; Henning, T.; Kwon, W.; Linz, H.; Mundy, L.; Sargent, A.; Tazzari, M.; Testi, L.; Wilner, D.

2018-04-01

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 2 observations of the 1.3-mm dust continuum emission of the protoplanetary disc surrounding the T Tauri star Elias 24 with an angular resolution of ˜0.2 arcsec (˜28 au). The dust continuum emission map reveals a dark ring at a radial distance of 0.47 arcsec (˜65 au) from the central star, surrounded by a bright ring at 0.58 arcsec (˜81 au). In the outer disc, the radial intensity profile shows two inflection points at 0.71 and 0.87 arcsec (˜99 and 121 au, respectively). We perform global three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamic gas/dust simulations of discs hosting a migrating and accreting planet. Combining the dust density maps of small and large grains with three-dimensional radiative transfer calculations, we produce synthetic ALMA observations of a variety of disc models in order to reproduce the gap- and ring-like features observed in Elias 24. We find that the dust emission across the disc is consistent with the presence of an embedded planet with a mass of ˜0.7 MJ at an orbital radius of ˜ 60 au. Our model suggests that the two inflection points in the radial intensity profile are due to the inward radial motion of large dust grains from the outer disc. The surface brightness map of our disc model provides a reasonable match to the gap- and ring-like structures observed in Elias 24, with an average discrepancy of ˜5 per cent of the observed fluxes around the gap region.

ALMA IMAGING OF THE CO (6-5) LINE EMISSION IN NGC 7130

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao, Yinghe; Lu, Nanyao; Xu, C. Kevin; Appleton, Philip; Murphy, Eric; Gao, Yu; Barcos-Munõz, Loreto; Díaz-Santos, Tanio; Charmandaris, Vassilis; Armus, Lee; Van der Werf, Paul; Evans, Aaron; Cao, Chen; Inami, Hanae

2016-01-01

In this paper, we report our high-resolution (0.″20 × 0.″14 or ∼70 × 49 pc) observations of the CO(6-5) line emission, which probes warm and dense molecular gas, and the 434 μm dust continuum in the nuclear region of NGC 7130, obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The CO line and dust continuum fluxes detected in our ALMA observations are 1230 ± 74 Jy km s −1 and 814 ± 52 mJy, respectively, which account for 100% and 51% of their total fluxes. We find that the CO(6-5) and dust emissions are generally spatially correlated, but their brightest peaks show an offset of ∼70 pc, suggesting that the gas and dust emissions may start decoupling at this physical scale. The brightest peak of the CO(6-5) emission does not spatially correspond to the radio continuum peak, which is likely dominated by an active galactic nucleus (AGN). This, together with our additional quantitative analysis, suggests that the heating contribution of the AGN to the CO(6-5) emission in NGC 7130 is negligible. The CO(6-5) and the extinction-corrected Pa-α maps display striking differences, suggestive of either a breakdown of the correlation between warm dense gas and star formation at linear scales of <100 pc or a large uncertainty in our extinction correction to the observed Pa-α image. Over a larger scale of ∼2.1 kpc, the double-lobed structure found in the CO(6-5) emission agrees well with the dust lanes in the optical/near-infrared images

New ALMA Images of the HD 32297 and HD 61005 Debris Disks

Science.gov (United States)

MacGregor, Meredith Ann; Weinberger, Alycia; Wilner, David; Hughes, A. Meredith; debes, John Henry; Redfield, Seth; Donaldson, Jessica; Nesvold, Erika; Schneider, Glenn; Currie, Thayne; Roberge, Aki; Rodriguez, David

2018-01-01

HD 61005 (G-type star, “The Moth") and HD 32297 (A-type star) host two of the most iconic debris disks. Scattered light images show that both disks are nearly edge-on with dramatic swept-back wings of dust. Previous studies have proposed a range of mechanisms to explain this distinctive morphology including interactions with the interstellar medium, secular perturbations of grains by low-density, neutral interstellar gas, and gravitational interactions with an inclined, eccentric companion. We present new observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 1.3 mm that provide the highest resolution images at millimeter wavelengths to date of both systems. Observations at millimeter wavelengths are especially critical to our understanding of the physical mechanisms shaping the structure of these disks, since the large grains that dominate emission at these wavelengths are less affected by stellar radiation and winds and more reliably trace the underlying planetesimal distribution. We fit models directly to the observed visibilities within a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework to characterize the continuum emission and place constraints on the structure of these unique debris disks. Our new ALMA images reveal that despite differences in spectral type, both systems are best described by a two-component structure with (1) a parent body belt, and (2) an outer halo aligned with the scattered light disk. Such halos have typically been assumed to be composed of small grains visible in scattered light, so these images are some of the first observational evidence that larger grains may also populate extended halos. In addition, we detect significant 12CO gas emission from HD 32297, and determine a robust upper limit for HD 61005.

Los informes del desarrollo humano y el plan milenio de la ONU: una evaluación para México

OpenAIRE

Asael Mercado Maldonado

2006-01-01

Este artículo documenta los informes de la ONU sobre desarrollo humano de 1990 a 2005, así como la aparición del Proyecto del Milenio un intento mundial para que la humanidad supere los enormes problemas que la globalización ha acentuado, como desigualdad, pobreza y deterioro de la ecología , que propone ocho objetivos fundamentales para disminuir las desigualdades entre los seres humanos

ALMA 1.3 Millimeter Map of the HD 95086 System -- A Young Analog of the HR 8799 System

Science.gov (United States)

Su, Kate; MacGregor, Meredith Ann; Booth, Mark; Wilner, David; Malhotra, Renu; Morrison, Sarah; OST STDT

2018-01-01

Planets and minor bodies such as asteroids, Kuiper-belt objects and comets are integral components of a planetary system. Interactions among them leave clues about the formation process of a planetary system. The signature of such interactions is best illustrated through resolved observations of its debris disk. Here we present ALMA 1.3 mm observations of HD 95086, a young analog of the HR 8799 system, that hosts a directly imaged giant planet b and a massive debris disk with both asteroid- and Kuiper-belt analogs. The location of the Kuiper-belt analog is resolved for the first time. Our deep ALMA map also reveals a bright source located near the edge of the ring. The properties of the source, based on limited data, are consistent with it being a luminous star-forming galaxy at high redshift. We will discuss future, resolved observations of debris disks, highlighting the potential of the Origins Space Telescope (OST), one of the four science and technology definition studies commissioned by NASA Headquarters for the 2020 Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal survey.

Planet gaps in the dust layer of 3D proto-planetary disks: Observability with ALMA

OpenAIRE

Gonzalez, Jean-François; Pinte, Christophe; Maddison, Sarah T.; Ménard, François

2013-01-01

2 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of IAU Symp. 299: Exploring the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems (Victoria, Canada); International audience; Among the numerous known extrasolar planets, only a handful have been imaged directly so far, at large orbital radii and in rather evolved systems. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) will have the capacity to observe these wide planetary systems at a younger age, thus bringing a better understanding of th...

Estudio comparativo de los sectores comercial e industrial a través de las salvedades e incertidumbres reconocidas en los informes de auditoría

OpenAIRE

Villarroya Lequericaonandia, María Begoña; Mínguez Conde, José Luis

1999-01-01

En el presente trabajo se ha analizado la relación existente entre la pertenencia a un determinado sector y las incorrecciones en la presentación de las Cuentas Anuales.El estudio se ha basado en la revisión de las Cuentas Anuales individuales e informes de auditoría presentados ante la Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores durante los silos 1990 a 1996, persiguiendo el doble objetivo de estudiar la tendencia seguida en el período de tiempo observado en cuanto al cumplimiento de los Princi...

DETECTION OF THE SIMPLEST SUGAR, GLYCOLALDEHYDE, IN A SOLAR-TYPE PROTOSTAR WITH ALMA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jørgensen, Jes K.; Bisschop, Suzanne E.; Favre, Cécile; Bourke, Tyler L.; Van Dishoeck, Ewine F.; Schmalzl, Markus

2012-01-01

Glycolaldehyde (HCOCH 2 OH) is the simplest sugar and an important intermediate in the path toward forming more complex biologically relevant molecules. In this Letter we present the first detection of 13 transitions of glycolaldehyde around a solar-type young star, through Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 at 220 GHz (6 transitions) and 690 GHz (7 transitions). The glycolaldehyde lines have their origin in warm (200-300 K) gas close to the individual components of the binary. Glycolaldehyde co-exists with its isomer, methyl formate (HCOOCH 3 ), which is a factor 10-15 more abundant toward the two sources. The data also show a tentative detection of ethylene glycol, the reduced alcohol of glycolaldehyde. In the 690 GHz data, the seven transitions predicted to have the highest optical depths based on modeling of the 220 GHz lines all show redshifted absorption profiles toward one of the components in the binary (IRAS 16293B) indicative of infall and emission at the systemic velocity offset from this by about 0.''2 (25 AU). We discuss the constraints on the chemical formation of glycolaldehyde and other organic species—in particular, in the context of laboratory experiments of photochemistry of methanol-containing ices. The relative abundances appear to be consistent with UV photochemistry of a CH 3 OH-CO mixed ice that has undergone mild heating. The order of magnitude increase in line density in these early ALMA data illustrates its huge potential to reveal the full chemical complexity associated with the formation of solar system analogs.

ALMA observations of anisotropic dust mass loss in the inner circumstellar environment of the red supergiant VY Canis Majoris

NARCIS (Netherlands)

O'Gorman, E.; Vlemmings, W.; Richards, A.M.S.; Baudry, A.; De Beck, E.; Decin, L.; Harper, G.M.; Humphreys, E.M.; Kervella, P.; Khouri, T.; Muller, S.

2015-01-01

The processes leading to dust formation and the subsequent role it plays in driving mass loss in cool evolved stars is an area of intense study. Here we present high resolution ALMA Science Verification data of the continuum emission around the highly evolved oxygen-rich red supergiant VY CMa. These

Avaliação de modelos de estimativa da radiação solar incidente em Cruz das Almas, Bahia Evaluating models for estimation of incoming solar radiation in Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valéria P. Borges

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Em estudos agroambientais a radiação solar incidente (Rs é uma das mais importantes variáveis meteorológicas. Na ausência de dados observados de Rs é possível estimá-los mediante modelos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar modelos baseados na temperatura do ar para estimativa diária de Rs nas condições do Recôncavo Sul da Bahia. Utilizaram-se dados de Rs do período de 2004 a 2006, medidos por uma estação meteorológica automática pertencente ao INMET, instalada em Cruz das Almas, Bahia. Como etapa preliminar, verificou-se a qualidade dos dados de Rs tomando-se como referência curvas de radiação esperada em dias claros. Os seguintes modelos foram avaliados: Hargreaves-Samani para regiões interiores e regiões costeiras, Thornton-Running e o de Weiss. O desempenho de cada método foi avaliado através dos seguintes indicadores: coeficiente de determinção (R², razão média (RM, erro absoluto médio (EAM, raiz quadrada do quadrado médio do erro (RQME e índice de concordância de Wilmott (dW. Os resultados obtidos recomendam o modelo de Hargreaves-Samani para regiões costeiras por apresentar o valor de RM mais próximo de 1 (1,01, menor EAM (2,54 MJ m-2 d-1, menor RQME (3,13 MJ m-2 d-1 e o maior dW (0,90.Solar radiation at the earth's surface (Rs is one of the essential weather variables for several agro-environmental studies. In the absence of measured Rs, it's possible to simulate them by models. Using three years of daily Rs data (2004-2006 collected by an INMET (Brazilian Meteorological Service automatic weather station installed in the municipality of Cruz das Almas, BA, three air temperature-based Rs simulation models were evaluated. As a preliminary step, data quality was investigated and, when needed, adjustments were made based on clear sky solar radiation envelopes. The following models were evaluated: Hargreaves-Samani for both interior and coastal regions, Thornton-Running, and the Weiss model. Linear

El trabajo informal de los vagoneros en el Metro de la Ciudad de México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eloísa Ramírez Cárdenas

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen El objetivo principal de este artículo es presentar un estudio exploratorio a partir de un caso que explica de qué forma las condiciones laborales propias del sector informal pudieran determinar la decisión de los vendedores ambulantes de permane- cer en este en su modalidad de comercio ambulante, específicamente en la venta de artículos apócrifos. La manera en que se operacionalizaron las proposiciones planteadas en la presente investigación fue a través del uso de la observación participante en calidad de compradores y de la aplicación de ocho entrevistas a los vendedores ambulantes mayores de 25 años que se dedi- can a la venta de discos compactos (CD’s piratas dentro de los vagones del Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (STC Metro de la Línea 8 de la Ciudad de México. Los resultados arrojan que el ingreso, las remuneraciones, la jornada de trabajo y la satisfacción que da el trabajar en el sector informal hace que los sujetos de estudio decidan trabajar en el marco de la informalidad. Palabras clave: Comercio ambulante, Sector informal, Precariedad laboral, Vagoneros. Abstract This paper focuses on analysis of the decisions made by peddlers to continue working on the streets, specifically selling apocryphal items. Those decisions are based on the working conditions in the informal sector. To collect data, the participant observation was used, as buyers; 8 interviews with vendors, aged over 25, were conducted. These sellers are engaged in the sale of pirate compact discs (CDs inside the wagons of the Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (STC Metro Line 8 in Mexico City. The results show that economic income, financial compensation, the working day and the satisfaction of working in the informal sector makes those people keep on working within the framework of informality. Key words: Street vendors, Informal sector, Job insecurity, Wagon drivers. Resumo O principal objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um estudo

Del Rhin al Suárez o el viaje de Lengerke por los caminos de la Civilización y la “Barbarie”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro Neil Franco Zambrano

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del presente ensayo es abordar la novela “La otra raya del tigre” de Pedro Gómez Valderrama, desde una perspectiva que enfatiza la crisis de la modernidad y la literatura de viajes característica del siglo XIX. De tal manera, que conceptos como modernización económica, ciudad, liberalismo, colonización, feudalismo y civilización, junto con la visión del crítico moderno Néstor García Canclini y la percepción que Carmen Elisa Acosta tiene sobre los viajeros decimonónicos, son de vital importancia para comprender el itinerario del presente texto por la naturaleza exótica de Santander, por los caminos amarillos salidos de las entrañas de Van Gogh, por la fatalidad de las mujeres con alma de escorpión, por la hibridación de las culturas, especialmente la alemana y la santandereana, y por el lenguaje que destaca la tradición oral de los llamados pingos.

A necklace of dense cores in the high-mass star forming region G35.20-0.74 N: ALMA observations

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sánchez-Monge, Á.; Beltrán, M. T.; Cesaroni, R.; Etoka, S.; Galli, D.; Kumar, M. S. N.; Moscadelli, L.; Stanke, T.; van der Tak, F. F. S.; Vig, S.; Walmsley, C. M.; Wang, K.-S.; Zinnecker, H.; Elia, D.; Molinari, S.; Schisano, E.

Context. The formation process of high-mass stars (with masses >8 M⊙) is still poorly understood, and represents a challenge from both the theoretical and observational points of view. The advent of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) is expected to provide observational evidence to better

Revisión crítica de los informes sobre el uso de las nuevas tecnologías y sus efectos socioeducativos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Bautista Martinez Rodriguez

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Los estudios acerca del crecimiento en la utilización de las TIC se difunden a través de observatorios, informes o foros de diferentes entidades que configuran una singular representación social de la implantación mediática. Este trabajo realiza una revisión crítica sobre tales informes y sus sistemas de indicadores con el fin de identificar su papel preformativo y sus efectos en la alfabetización multimedia de la ciudadanía y el acceso a los diferentes dispositivos. Los supuestos teóricos se fundamentan en las categorías de apropiación tecnológica, performatividad y representación social aplicadas a la selección de treinta informes publicados desde 2009. Los resultados muestran: a un énfasis reduccionista e instrumental de los indicadores utilizados cuya finalidad se orienta al incremento de la demanda de los equipamientos, provocada por las entidades dedicadas a su comercialización, b la ausencia de indicadores que muestren la apropiación social de las tecnologías o el significado de los valores atribuidos por los grupos sociales invisibilizados, y c el uso de estereotipos sobre la juventud, que se corresponde con el uso diferenciado de las redes sociales. Se concluye la necesidad de indicadores de significado que reconozcan las prácticas de apropiación y reorienten las representaciones sociales para el acceso equitativo de las TIC.

ALMA Maps of Dust and Warm Dense Gas Emission in the Starburst Galaxy IC 5179

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhao Yinghe [Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650011 (China); Lu, Nanyao; Xu, C. Kevin [National Astronomical Observatories of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 (China); Díaz-Santos, Tanio [Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejército Libertador 441, Santiago (Chile); Gao Yu [Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China); Charmandaris, Vassilis [Department of Physics, University of Crete, GR-71003 Heraklion (Greece); Werf, Paul van der [Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden (Netherlands); Zhang Zhi-Yu [Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ (United Kingdom); Cao, Chen, E-mail: zhaoyinghe@ynao.ac.cn [School of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209 (China)

2017-08-10

We present our high-resolution (0.″15 × 0.″13, ∼34 pc) observations of the CO (6−5) line emission, which probes the warm and dense molecular gas, and the 434 μ m dust continuum emission in the nuclear region of the starburst galaxy IC 5179, conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The CO (6−5) emission is spatially distributed in filamentary structures with many dense cores and shows a velocity field that is characteristic of a circumnuclear rotating gas disk, with 90% of the rotation speed arising within a radius of ≲150 pc. At the scale of our spatial resolution, the CO (6−5) and dust emission peaks do not always coincide, with their surface brightness ratio varying by a factor of ∼10. This result suggests that their excitation mechanisms are likely different, as further evidenced by the southwest to northeast spatial gradient of both CO-to-dust continuum ratio and Pa- α equivalent width. Within the nuclear region (radius ∼ 300 pc) and with a resolution of ∼34 pc, the CO line flux (dust flux density) detected in our ALMA observations is 180 ± 18 Jy km s{sup −1} (71 ± 7 mJy), which accounts for 22% (2.4%) of the total value measured by Herschel .

THE ANATOMY OF AN EXTREME STARBURST WITHIN 1.3 Gyr OF THE BIG BANG REVEALED BY ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carilli, C. L. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, P.O. Box 0, Socorro, NM 87801 (United States); Riechers, D. [Astronomy Department, California Institute of Technology, MC 249-17, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Walter, F. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Astronomie, Koenigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg (Germany); Maiolino, R.; Lentati, L. [Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE (United Kingdom); Wagg, J. [European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19 (Chile); McMahon, R. [Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA (United Kingdom); Wolfe, A., E-mail: ccarilli@aoc.nrao.edu [Department of Physics and Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 (United States)

2013-02-15

We present further analysis of the [C II] 158 {mu}m fine structure line and thermal dust continuum emission from the archetype extreme starburst/active galactic nucleus (AGN) group of galaxies in the early universe, BRI 1202-0725 at z = 4.7, using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. The group has long been noted for having a closely separated (26 kpc in projection) FIR-hyperluminous quasar host galaxy and an optically obscured submillimeter galaxy (SMG). A short ALMA test observation reveals a rich laboratory for the study of the myriad processes involved in clustered massive galaxy formation in the early universe. Strong [C II] emission from the SMG and the quasar have been reported earlier by Wagg et al. based on these observations. In this paper, we examine in more detail the imaging results from the ALMA observations, including velocity channel images, position-velocity plots, and line moment images. We present detections of [C II] emission from two Ly{alpha}-selected galaxies in the group, demonstrating the relative ease with which ALMA can detect the [C II] emission from lower star formation rate galaxies at high redshift. Imaging of the [C II] emission shows a clear velocity gradient across the SMG, possibly indicating rotation or a more complex dynamical system on a scale {approx}10 kpc. There is evidence in the quasar spectrum and images for a possible outflow toward the southwest, as well as more extended emission (a {sup b}ridge{sup )}, between the quasar and the SMG, although the latter could simply be emission from Ly{alpha}-1 blending with that of the quasar at the limited spatial resolution of the current observations. These results provide an unprecedented view of a major merger of gas-rich galaxies driving extreme starbursts and AGN accretion during the formation of massive galaxies and supermassive black holes within 1.3 Gyr of the big bang.

Informe Especial sobre el Manejo de los Residuos Sólidos en Panamá. Panamá,

OpenAIRE

2007-01-01

La Defensoría del Pueblo, atenta al mandato consagrado en la Ley No. 7 de 5 de febrero de 1997, reformada por la Ley No. 41 de 1 de diciembre de 2005, ha elaborado este informe especial sobre la creciente problemática de los residuos sólidos en la República de Panamá y cuya finalidad es proporcionar elementos que faciliten la toma de decisiones gubernamentales relacionadas con su manejo. El inadecuado manejo y disposición final de los residuos sólidos, que en su mayoría son depositados dentro...

Revealing H₂D⁺ depletion and compact structure in starless and protostellar cores with ALMA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Friesen, R. K.; Di Francesco, J.; Bourke, T. L.

2014-01-01

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the submillimeter dust continuum and H2D+ 110-111 emission toward two evolved, potentially protostellar cores within the Ophiuchus molecular cloud, Oph A SM1 and SM1N. The data reveal small-scale condensations within b...

Aplicaciones informáticas para soporte de los procesos electorales

OpenAIRE

Brossard Castillo, Jaime Alejandro; Brossard Castillo, Jaime Alejandro

2008-01-01

Los Procesos Electorales se realizan periódicamente y tienen como finalidad elegir las autoridades que gobernarán los destinos del país a nivel nacional, regional y local. Desde una perspectiva individual, cada elector participa y espera que su voto sea considerado adecuadamente, debiendo depositar su confianza en las Instituciones que administran los procesos que se ejecutan en el Sistema Electoral, siendo el factor tiempo de respuesta de la emisión de los resultados de vital importancia par...

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE COLDEST PLACE IN THE UNIVERSE: THE BOOMERANG NEBULA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sahai, R. [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, MS 183-900, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 (United States); Vlemmings, W. H. T. [Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala (Sweden); Huggins, P. J. [Physics Department, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003 (United States); Nyman, L.-Å. [Joint ALMA Observatory (JAO), Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago de Chile (Chile); Gonidakis, I., E-mail: raghvendra.sahai@jpl.nasa.gov [CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, Marsfield NSW 2122 (Australia)

2013-11-10

The Boomerang Nebula is the coldest known object in the universe, and an extreme member of the class of pre-planetary nebulae, objects which represent a short-lived transitional phase between the asymptotic giant branch and planetary nebula evolutionary stages. Previous single-dish CO (J = 1-0) observations (with a 45'' beam) showed that the high-speed outflow in this object has cooled to a temperature significantly below the temperature of the cosmic background radiation. Here we report the first observations of the Boomerang Nebula with ALMA in the CO J = 2-1 and J = 1-0 lines to resolve the structure of this ultra-cold nebula. We find a central hourglass-shaped nebula surrounded by a patchy, but roughly round, cold high-velocity outflow. We compare the ALMA data with visible-light images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope and confirm that the limb-brightened bipolar lobes seen in these data represent hollow cavities with dense walls of molecular gas and dust producing both the molecular-emission-line and scattered-light structures seen at millimeter and visible wavelengths. The large diffuse biconical shape of the nebula seen in the visible wavelength range is likely due to preferential illumination of the cold, high-velocity outflow. We find a compact source of millimeter-wave continuum in the nebular waist—these data, together with sensitive upper limits on the radio continuum using observations with ATCA, indicate the presence of a substantial mass of very large (millimeter-sized) grains in the waist of the nebula. Another unanticipated result is the detection of CO emission regions beyond the ultra-cold region which indicate the re-warming of the cold gas, most likely due to photoelectric grain heating.

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE COLDEST PLACE IN THE UNIVERSE: THE BOOMERANG NEBULA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahai, R.; Vlemmings, W. H. T.; Huggins, P. J.; Nyman, L.-Å.; Gonidakis, I.

2013-01-01

The Boomerang Nebula is the coldest known object in the universe, and an extreme member of the class of pre-planetary nebulae, objects which represent a short-lived transitional phase between the asymptotic giant branch and planetary nebula evolutionary stages. Previous single-dish CO (J = 1-0) observations (with a 45'' beam) showed that the high-speed outflow in this object has cooled to a temperature significantly below the temperature of the cosmic background radiation. Here we report the first observations of the Boomerang Nebula with ALMA in the CO J = 2-1 and J = 1-0 lines to resolve the structure of this ultra-cold nebula. We find a central hourglass-shaped nebula surrounded by a patchy, but roughly round, cold high-velocity outflow. We compare the ALMA data with visible-light images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope and confirm that the limb-brightened bipolar lobes seen in these data represent hollow cavities with dense walls of molecular gas and dust producing both the molecular-emission-line and scattered-light structures seen at millimeter and visible wavelengths. The large diffuse biconical shape of the nebula seen in the visible wavelength range is likely due to preferential illumination of the cold, high-velocity outflow. We find a compact source of millimeter-wave continuum in the nebular waist—these data, together with sensitive upper limits on the radio continuum using observations with ATCA, indicate the presence of a substantial mass of very large (millimeter-sized) grains in the waist of the nebula. Another unanticipated result is the detection of CO emission regions beyond the ultra-cold region which indicate the re-warming of the cold gas, most likely due to photoelectric grain heating

ALMA Observations of the Coldest Place in the Universe: The Boomerang Nebula

Science.gov (United States)

Sahai, R.; Vlemmings, W. H. T.; Huggins, P. J.; Nyman, L.-Å.; Gonidakis, I.

2013-11-01

The Boomerang Nebula is the coldest known object in the universe, and an extreme member of the class of pre-planetary nebulae, objects which represent a short-lived transitional phase between the asymptotic giant branch and planetary nebula evolutionary stages. Previous single-dish CO (J = 1-0) observations (with a 45'' beam) showed that the high-speed outflow in this object has cooled to a temperature significantly below the temperature of the cosmic background radiation. Here we report the first observations of the Boomerang Nebula with ALMA in the CO J = 2-1 and J = 1-0 lines to resolve the structure of this ultra-cold nebula. We find a central hourglass-shaped nebula surrounded by a patchy, but roughly round, cold high-velocity outflow. We compare the ALMA data with visible-light images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope and confirm that the limb-brightened bipolar lobes seen in these data represent hollow cavities with dense walls of molecular gas and dust producing both the molecular-emission-line and scattered-light structures seen at millimeter and visible wavelengths. The large diffuse biconical shape of the nebula seen in the visible wavelength range is likely due to preferential illumination of the cold, high-velocity outflow. We find a compact source of millimeter-wave continuum in the nebular waist—these data, together with sensitive upper limits on the radio continuum using observations with ATCA, indicate the presence of a substantial mass of very large (millimeter-sized) grains in the waist of the nebula. Another unanticipated result is the detection of CO emission regions beyond the ultra-cold region which indicate the re-warming of the cold gas, most likely due to photoelectric grain heating.

Clasificación de los proyectos informáticos y establecimiento de sus EDT's

OpenAIRE

Huerta de la Morena, Beatriz

2014-01-01

El objetivo principal del presente proyecto es plasmar una clasificación de los diferentes tipos de proyectos informáticos existentes hoy en día. Presentamos una clasificación basada en algunos criterios diferenciadores para finalmente seleccionar una tipología de proyectos informáticos fuertemente diferenciados entre sí. Posteriormente analizaremos de forma exhaustiva las diferentes etapas y fases de las que se componen, con el fin de conocer las diferentes técnicas de trabajo para la correc...

Clasificación del Contenido de los Informes de Sostenibilidad de Empresas Premiadas por sus Prácticas de Responsabilidad Socioambiental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magdalena Inglês da Costa

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Dada la importancia del informe de sostenibilidad – instrumento de gestión y de divulgación de informaciones acerca de la interacción de la empresa con el medio en que actúa –, el presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar el contenido de la divulgación de informaciones acerca de las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad empresarial – económica, social y ambiental – en los informes de empresas premiadas por sus prácticas de responsabilidad socioambiental. Se trata de estudio descriptivo, de naturaleza cualitativa, haciendo uso de la pesquisa documental y del Análisis de Contenido. Los resultados apuntan la preponderancia de la dimensión social, especialmente de ámbito externo, y del disclosure cuantitativo no-monetario. Sugieren asimismo el efecto de la actividad en el medio ambiente y la estructura de propiedad del capital como factores indicativos de los niveles de evidenciación en los informes de sostenibilidad de las empresas pesquisadas, de entre aquellas premiadas por sus prácticas de responsabilidad socioambiental.

Clasificación del Contenido de los Informes de Sostenibilidad de Empresas Premiadas por sus Prácticas de Responsabilidad Socioambiental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magdalena Inglês da Costa

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Dada la importancia del informe de sostenibilidad – instrumento de gestión y de divulgación de informaciones acerca de la interacción de la empresa con el medio en que actúa –, el presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar el contenido de la divulgación de informaciones acerca de las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad empresarial – económica, social y ambiental – en los informes de empresas premiadas por sus prácticas de responsabilidad socioambiental. Se trata de estudio descriptivo, de naturaleza cualitativa, haciendo uso de la pesquisa documental y del Análisis de Contenido. Los resultados apuntan la preponderancia de la dimensión social, especialmente de ámbito externo, y del disclosure cuantitativo no-monetario. Sugieren asimismo el efecto de la actividad en el medio ambiente y la estructura de propiedad del capital como factores indicativos de los niveles de evidenciación en los informes de sostenibilidad de las empresas pesquisadas, de entre aquellas premiadas por sus prácticas de responsabilidad socioambiental.

DETECTION OF THE SIMPLEST SUGAR, GLYCOLALDEHYDE, IN A SOLAR-TYPE PROTOSTAR WITH ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jorgensen, Jes K.; Bisschop, Suzanne E. [Centre for Star and Planet Formation and Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen O. (Denmark); Favre, Cecile [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000, Aarhus C. (Denmark); Bourke, Tyler L. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Van Dishoeck, Ewine F.; Schmalzl, Markus, E-mail: jeskj@nbi.dk, E-mail: suzanne@snm.ku.dk, E-mail: favre@phys.au.dk, E-mail: tbourke@cfa.harvard.edu, E-mail: ewine@strw.leidenuniv.nl, E-mail: schmalzl@strw.leidenuniv.nl [Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden (Netherlands)

2012-09-20

Glycolaldehyde (HCOCH{sub 2}OH) is the simplest sugar and an important intermediate in the path toward forming more complex biologically relevant molecules. In this Letter we present the first detection of 13 transitions of glycolaldehyde around a solar-type young star, through Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 at 220 GHz (6 transitions) and 690 GHz (7 transitions). The glycolaldehyde lines have their origin in warm (200-300 K) gas close to the individual components of the binary. Glycolaldehyde co-exists with its isomer, methyl formate (HCOOCH{sub 3}), which is a factor 10-15 more abundant toward the two sources. The data also show a tentative detection of ethylene glycol, the reduced alcohol of glycolaldehyde. In the 690 GHz data, the seven transitions predicted to have the highest optical depths based on modeling of the 220 GHz lines all show redshifted absorption profiles toward one of the components in the binary (IRAS 16293B) indicative of infall and emission at the systemic velocity offset from this by about 0.''2 (25 AU). We discuss the constraints on the chemical formation of glycolaldehyde and other organic species-in particular, in the context of laboratory experiments of photochemistry of methanol-containing ices. The relative abundances appear to be consistent with UV photochemistry of a CH{sub 3}OH-CO mixed ice that has undergone mild heating. The order of magnitude increase in line density in these early ALMA data illustrates its huge potential to reveal the full chemical complexity associated with the formation of solar system analogs.

Reflexiones acerca de los sistemas de informacion universitarios ante los desafios y cambios generados por los procesos de evaluacion y acreditacion Some reflexions about informations systems for universities in the presence of challenges and changes produced by evaluation and acreditation processes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Santiago José Barcos

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata de la relevancia de los Sistemas de Información para universidades. Tales sistemas son esenciales para la gestión, para lograr enriquecer los resultados de la adopción de decisión y también para informar las acciones de las universidades a la sociedad. El artículo contiene algunas reflexiones respecto de los Sistemas de Informaciones en los Procesos de Evaluación y Acreditación y muestra los defectos detectados en Universidades Europeas y Latinoamericanas. Asimismo, se plantean requerimientos y funciones de este importante recurso y un especial énfasis en desarrollarlos adecuadamente para optimizar el funcionamiento y para impulsar la integración entre Instituciones Educativas en el contexto global.This article explains about the relevance that the Informations Systems have for universities, which are essential for management, to rich decision-making results, and also to report their actions to society. It contains some reflections about the necessity of Informations Systems in the Evaluation and Accreditation Processes, and expresses the faults detected in European and Latin American universities. Lastly, there is an enunciation of requirements and functions of this important resource, and a special emphasis on developing them properly to improve the integration between the Education Institutions in the global context.

ALMA Maps of Dust and Warm Dense Gas Emission in the Starburst Galaxy IC 5179

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Yinghe; Lu, Nanyao; Díaz-Santos, Tanio; Xu, C. Kevin; Gao, Yu; Charmandaris, Vassilis; van der Werf, Paul; Zhang, Zhi-Yu; Cao, Chen

2017-08-01

We present our high-resolution (0.″15 × 0.″13, ˜34 pc) observations of the CO (6-5) line emission, which probes the warm and dense molecular gas, and the 434 μm dust continuum emission in the nuclear region of the starburst galaxy IC 5179, conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The CO (6-5) emission is spatially distributed in filamentary structures with many dense cores and shows a velocity field that is characteristic of a circumnuclear rotating gas disk, with 90% of the rotation speed arising within a radius of ≲150 pc. At the scale of our spatial resolution, the CO (6-5) and dust emission peaks do not always coincide, with their surface brightness ratio varying by a factor of ˜10. This result suggests that their excitation mechanisms are likely different, as further evidenced by the southwest to northeast spatial gradient of both CO-to-dust continuum ratio and Pa-α equivalent width. Within the nuclear region (radius ˜ 300 pc) and with a resolution of ˜34 pc, the CO line flux (dust flux density) detected in our ALMA observations is 180 ± 18 Jy km s-1 (71 ± 7 mJy), which accounts for 22% (2.4%) of the total value measured by Herschel. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

MODA ODAKLI İÇGÜDÜSEL SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞINA ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLER

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İlknur TÜFEKÇİ

2014-10-01

Full Text Available ÖZ: Günümüzde geleneksel birçok moda perakendecisi, esnek olmayan tedarik zinciri, onun yarattığı aşırı stok ve kâr kayıplarıyla mücadele ederken, hızlı moda perakendecileri esnek tedarik zinciri yönetimi ve yeni trendlere hızla uyum sağlayarak bu problemi avantaja dönüştürmüşlerdir. Bu sayede hızlı moda pazarını oluşturma ve geliştirmede büyük başarı sağlamışlardır. Dolayısıyla çalışma, bu pazarda yer alan tüketicilerin algı ve tutumlarının satın alma davranışlarına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Çalışma Atatürk Üniversitesi’nde okuyan kız öğrencilere 387 adet anket uygulaması yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amaçları doğrultusunda öncelikle hızlı moda perakendeciliğine yönelik tutum, kıtlık algısı, düşük fiyat algısı ve tükenebilir algısının moda odaklı içgüdüsel satın alma davranışı üzerine etkisini belirlemek için çoklu regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Sonrasında ise çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden TOPSIS yöntemi ile bu değişkenlerin önem sıralaması belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu değişkenlerin moda odaklı içgüdüsel satın alma üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve kriterler arasında en önemi etkiyi “tükenebilir algısı”nın taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hızlı Moda, Moda Odaklı İçgüdüsel Satın Alma, TOPSIS. ABSTRACT: Many traditional fashion retailer are struggling with inflexible supply chain and the excess inventory and profit loss due to this inflexibility. But, these problems have been converted into advantages by fast fashion retailers, via adapting quickly to new trends and flexible supply chain management. In this way, they have achieved great success which is the creation of the fast fashion market and development. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine consumers' perceptions and attitudes effect on purchase behavior in this market

The Criticality Safety Information Resource Center (CSIRC) at Los Alamos National Laboratory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henderson, B.D.; Meade, R.A.; Pruvost, N.L.

1999-01-01

The Criticality Safety Information Resource Center (CSIRC) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is a program jointly funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in conjunction with the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB) Recommendation 97-2. The goal of CSIRC is to preserve primary criticality safety documentation from U.S. critical experimental sites and to make this information available for the benefit of the technical community. Progress in archiving criticality safety primary documents at the LANL archives as well as efforts to make this information available to researchers are discussed. The CSIRC project has a natural linkage to the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP). This paper raises the possibility that the CSIRC project will evolve in a fashion similar to the ICSBEP. Exploring the implications of linking the CSIRC to the international criticality safety community is the motivation for this paper

EL CAMINO HACIA LA REVELACIÓN: EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS INFORMES DE RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL EN COLOMBIA (2006-2009

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EFRÉN DANILO ARIZA BUENAVENTURA

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que indagó sobre aquellas empresas que generan informes de responsabilidad social teniendo como punto de referencia el grado de cumplimiento de revelación de la norma GRI, versión 3 de 2006. Su atención se centró en las características de la información, el grado de revelación alcanzado, la forma como se presenta la empresa y la manera como se da el reconocimiento de los grupos de interés -stakeholder- en 91 informes generados por 42 empresas colombianas en los cuatro años de observación. La metodología de investigación fue de orden documental-cualitativa, ejecutándose análisis documental y entrevistas de apoyo, que permitieron identificar algunas consideraciones de casos específicos. El artículo concluye que el proceso de generación de informes de responsabilidad social en Colombia es aún una práctica en construcción, en la que las organizaciones implicadas identifican su situación y juegan diversas estrategias de producción y revelación de información. Así, la generación de informes se constituye en un largo camino en el que la demanda informativa por parte de la sociedad civil es una quimera.

O estatuto político da amizade: A Alma do Osso, de Cao Guimarães

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Rafael de Almeida

2013-06-01

Full Text Available A partir do conceito de amizade proposto por Giorgio Agamben, este ensaio reflete, em uma interface entre estética e política, acerca das relações de poder presentes em A Alma do Osso (Cao Guimarães, 2004. O maior relevo é dado ao modo que o cineasta partilha, por meio do filme, sua existência com o ermitão Dominguinhos da Pedra, bem como as reverberações que isso garante à forma do documentário.

ALMA FOLLOWS STREAMING OF DENSE GAS DOWN TO 40 pc FROM THE SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE IN NGC 1097

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fathi, Kambiz; Piñol-Ferrer, Nuria; Lundgren, Andreas A.; Wiklind, Tommy; Kohno, Kotaro; Izumi, Takuma; Martín, Sergio; Espada, Daniel; Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Krips, Melanie; Matsushita, Satoki; Meier, David S.; Nakai, Naomasa; Sheth, Kartik; Turner, Jean; Van de Ven, Glenn

2013-01-01

We present a kinematic analysis of the dense molecular gas in the central 200 pc of the nearby galaxy NGC 1097, based on Cycle 0 observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We use the HCN(4-3) line to trace the densest interstellar molecular gas (n H 2 ∼10 8 cm –3 ), and quantify its kinematics, and estimate an inflow rate for the molecular gas. We find a striking similarity between the ALMA kinematic data and the analytic spiral inflow model that we have previously constructed based on ionized gas velocity fields on larger scales. We are able to follow dense gas streaming down to 40 pc distance from the supermassive black hole in this Seyfert 1 galaxy. In order to fulfill marginal stability, we deduce that the dense gas is confined to a very thin disk, and we derive a dense gas inflow rate of 0.09 M ☉ yr –1 at 40 pc radius. Combined with previous values from the Hα and CO gas, we calculate a combined molecular and ionized gas inflow rate of ∼0.2 M ☉ yr –1 at 40 pc distance from the central supermassive black hole of NGC 1097.

Informática I (Fundamentos de la informática para los nuevos estudiantes de Grado) (2009/2010)

OpenAIRE

Grimaldo Moreno, Francisco; Giménez Sánchez, Juan Vicente; Navalón Martínez, José Ángel

2009-01-01

Esta asignatura cubre los fundamentos de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), la arquitectura de los computadores y los conceptos generales de los algoritmos. Además, introduce los sistemas operativos y las redes de comunicación, junto con una formación avanzada con paquetes de ofimática.

Educando el alma psicológica

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Matthew Curtis

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo retoma aspectos de una exploración de los trabajos de cuatro importantes psicólogos educativos estadounidenses –Granville Stanley Hall, William James, John Dewey y Edward Thorndike– para concentrarse en los principios rectores del desarrollo de los niños. Los trabajos de estos autores están considerados como funciones que psicologizan al niño como un proceso de llegar a ser humano, que deba ser educado con fines éticos e inteligentes. Dos puntos de partida históricos se abordan en este artículo: (1 explorar la psicología como una formación de la moral del niño y (2 la clasificación y el orden del ser de forma razonada a partir de una psicología que abre el interior del niño a la supervisión y al calculo. Este enfoque explora la psicología educativa como una maquinaria de prácticas discusivas, intelectuales y materiales que invitan al estudiante a ver /ser visto y formar/ser formado de formas particulares. Educar al yo autónomo requería métodos modernos

ALMACAL - III. A combined ALMA and MUSE survey for neutral, molecular, and ionized gas in an H I-absorption-selected system

Science.gov (United States)

Klitsch, A.; Péroux, C.; Zwaan, M. A.; Smail, I.; Oteo, I.; Biggs, A. D.; Popping, G.; Swinbank, A. M.

2018-03-01

Studying the flow of baryons into and out of galaxies is an important part of understanding the evolution of galaxies over time. We present a detailed case study of the environment around an intervening Ly α absorption line system at zabs = 0.633, seen towards the quasar J0423-0130 (zQSO = 0.915). We detect with ALMA the 12CO(2-1), 12CO(3-2), and 1.2 mm continuum emission from a galaxy at the redshift of the Ly α absorber at a projected distance of 135 kpc. From the ALMA detections, we infer interstellar medium conditions similar to those in low-redshift luminous infrared galaxies. Director's Discretionary Time (DDT) Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integral field unit observations reveal the optical counterpart of the 12CO emission line source and three additional emission line galaxies at the absorber redshift, which together form a galaxy group. The 12CO emission line detections originate from the most massive galaxy in this group. While we cannot exclude that we miss a fainter host, we reach a dust-uncorrected star formation rate (SFR) limit of >0.3 M⊙yr-1 within 100 kpc from the sightline to the background quasar. We measure the dust-corrected SFR (ranging from 3 to 50 M⊙ yr-1), the morpho-kinematics and the metallicities of the four group galaxies to understand the relation between the group and the neutral gas probed in absorption. We find that the Ly α absorber traces either an outflow from the most massive galaxy or intragroup gas. This case study illustrates the power of combining ALMA and MUSE to obtain a census of the cool baryons in a bounded structure at intermediate redshift.

An Introduction to camptonite lamprophyric dikes at Misho Mountains (Almas area - East Azarbaijan Province

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Mohsen moayyed

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The Almas area in NW of the East Azarbaijan Province, is a part of the Soltaniye-Misho zone. The lamprophyric dikes crosscut the Kahar Formation. The principal minerals of these rocks are amphibole (amphibole phenocrysts are longer than 3 cm, biotite, pyroxene, olivine, plagioclase, apatite, calcite and chlorite with porphyritic texture. According to mineralogical and geochemical evidences, the studied lamprophyres are camptonite with alkaline nature. The plotted spider diagrams indicate that the studied lamprophyres are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE and incompatible elements in comparison to heavy rare earth elements (HREE. The parent magma is probably generated from spinel lherzolite mantle with low rate partial melting.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: Orion Integral Filament ALMA+IRAM30m N2H+(1-0) data (Hacar+, 2018)

Science.gov (United States)

Hacar, A.; Tafalla, M.; Forbrich, J.; Alves, J.; Meingast, S.; Grossschedl, J.; Teixeira, P. S.

2018-01-01

Combined ALMA+IRAM30m large-scale N2H+(1-0) emission in the Orion ISF. Two datasets are presented here in FITS format: 1.- Full data cube: spectral resolution = 0.1 kms-1 2.- Total integrated line intensity (moment 0) map Units are in Jy/beam See also: https://sites.google.com/site/orion4dproject/home (2 data files).

Design and performance of the ALMA-J prototype antenna

Science.gov (United States)

Ukita, Nobuharu; Saito, Masao; Ezawa, Hajime; Ikenoue, Bungo; Ishizaki, Hideharu; Iwashita, Hiroyuki; Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki; Hayakawa, Takahiro

2004-10-01

The National Astronomical Observatory of Japan has constructed a prototype 12-m antenna of the Atacama Compact Array to evaluate its performance at the ALMA Test Facility in the NRAO VLA observatory in New Mexico, the United States. The antenna has a CFRP tube backup structure (BUS) with CFRP boards to support 205 machined Aluminum surface panels. Their accuracies were measured to be 5.9 m rms on average. A chemical treatment technique of the surface panels has successfully applied to scatter the solar radiation, which resulted in a subreflector temperature increase of about 25 degrees relative to ambient temperature during direct solar observations. Holography measurements and panel adjustments led to a final surface accuracy of 20 m rms, (weighted by 12dB edge taper), after three rounds of the panel adjustments. Based on a long term temperature monitoring of the BUS and thermal deformation FEM calculation, the BUS thermal deformation was estimated to be less than 3.1 m rms. We have employed gear drive mechanism both for a fast position switching capability and for smooth drive at low velocities. Servo errors measured with angle encoders were found to be less than 0.1 arcseconds rms at rotational velocities below 0.1 degrees s-1 and to increase to 0.7 arcseconds rms at the maximum speed of the 'on-the-fly' scan as a single dish, 0.5 deg s-1 induced by the irregularity of individual gear tooth profiles. Simultaneous measurements of the antenna motion with the angle encoders and seismic accelerometers mounted at the primary reflector mirror edges and at the subreflector showed the same amplitude and phase of oscillation, indicating that they are rigid, suggesting that it is possible to estimate where the antenna is actually pointing from the encoder readout. Continuous tracking measurements of Polaris during day and night have revealed a large pointing drift due to thermal distortion of the yoke structure. We have applied retrospective thermal corrections to

The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS). First results from an unbiased submillimeter wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Jørgensen, J. K.; van der Wiel, M. H. D.; Coutens, A.; Lykke, J. M.; Müller, H. S. P.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Calcutt, H.; Bjerkeli, P.; Bourke, T. L.; Drozdovskaya, M. N.; Favre, C.; Fayolle, E. C.; Garrod, R. T.; Jacobsen, S. K.; Öberg, K. I.; Persson, M. V.; Wampfler, S. F.

2016-11-01

Context. The inner regions of the envelopes surrounding young protostars are characterized by a complex chemistry, with prebiotic molecules present on the scales where protoplanetary disks eventually may form. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) provides an unprecedented view of these regions zooming in on solar system scales of nearby protostars and mapping the emission from rare species. Aims: The goal is to introduce a systematic survey, the Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS), of the chemical complexity of one of the nearby astrochemical templates, the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422, using ALMA in order to understand the origin of the complex molecules formed in its vicinity. In addition to presenting the overall survey, the analysis in this paper focuses on new results for the prebiotic molecule glycolaldehyde, its isomers, and rarer isotopologues and other related molecules. Methods: An unbiased spectral survey of IRAS 16293-2422 covering the full frequency range from 329 to 363 GHz (0.8 mm) has been obtained with ALMA, in addition to a few targeted observations at 3.0 and 1.3 mm. The data consist of full maps of the protostellar binary system with an angular resolution of 0.5'' (60 AU diameter), a spectral resolution of 0.2 km s-1, and a sensitivity of 4-5 mJy beam-1 km s-1, which is approximately two orders of magnitude better than any previous studies. Results: More than 10 000 features are detected toward one component in the protostellar binary, corresponding to an average line density of approximately one line per 3 km s-1. Glycolaldehyde; its isomers, methyl formate and acetic acid; and its reduced alcohol, ethylene glycol, are clearly detected and their emission well-modeled with an excitation temperature of 300 K. For ethylene glycol both lowest state conformers, aGg' and gGg', are detected, the latter for the first time in the interstellar medium (ISM). The abundance of glycolaldehyde is comparable to or

Los riesgos para los niños que usan Internet.

OpenAIRE

IAC (Departamento de Investigaciones del Instituto Argentino de Computación)

2001-01-01

Un informe divulgado en la red por la División de Seguridad Informática de la Policía Federal de la República Argentina, precisó que los niños que navegan por Internet pueden ser víctimas de hechos criminales, explotación y pornografía. Generalmente, los proveedores de Internet y de servicios en línea hacen todo lo posible para brindarles a sus suscriptores una experiencia agradable. Pero estas compañías no pueden vigilar a todas las personas que usan sus servicios, de la misma manera que...

Resolving the stellar activity of the Mira AB binary with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Vlemmings, W. H. T.; Ramstedt, S.; O'Gorman, E.; Humphreys, E. M. L.; Wittkowski, M.; Baudry, A.; Karovska, M.

2015-05-01

Aims: We present the size, shape, and flux densities at millimeter continuum wavelengths, based on ALMA science verification observations in Band 3 (~94.6 GHz) and Band 6 (~228.7 GHz), from the binary Mira A (o Ceti) and Mira B. Methods: The Mira AB system was observed with ALMA at a spatial resolution down to ~25 mas. The extended atmosphere of Mira A and the wind around Mira B sources were resolved, and we derived the sizes of Mira A and of the ionized region around Mira B. The spectral indices within Band 3 (between 89-100 GHz) and between Bands 3 and 6 were also derived. Results: The spectral index of Mira A is found to change from 1.71 ± 0.05 within Band 3 to 1.54 ± 0.04 between Bands 3 and 6. The spectral index of Mira B is 1.3 ± 0.2 in Band 3, in good agreement with measurements at longer wavelengths; however, it rises to 1.72 ± 0.11 between the bands. For the first time, the extended atmosphere of a star is resolved at these frequencies, and for Mira A the diameter is ~3.8 × 3.2 AU in Band 3 (with brightness temperature Tb ~ 5300 K) and ~4.0 × 3.6 AU in Band 6 (Tb ~ 2500 K). Additionally, a bright hotspot ~0.4 AU, with Tb ~ 10 000 K, is found on the stellar disk of Mira A. The size of the ionized region around the accretion disk of Mira B is found to be ~2.4 AU. Conclusions: The emission around Mira B is consistent with emission from a partially ionized wind of gravitationally bound material from Mira A close to the accretion disk of Mira B. The Mira A atmosphere does not fully match predictions with brightness temperatures in Band 3 significantly higher than expected, potentially owing to shock heating. The hotspot is very likely due to magnetic activity and could be related to the previously observed X-ray flare of Mira A. Appendices are available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

Why complexity matters: using ALMaSS for risk assessment of wildlife

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Topping, Christopher John

with these system properties is agentbased modelling (ABM).ABMs are capable of integrating a range of drivers and actors in space and time and can represent detailed farming operations on a large scale, integrating these with realistic models of animal populations, and expressing each animal as an individual agent...... in time and space. All of these factors can affect the risk assessment. There is also another, difficult to observe, property of real systems, and that is the spatio-temporal dynamics associated with populations, climate, management, and ecology and behaviour, and the potential for feedback loops......-sink dynamics are emergent properties and do not need to be imposed.ALMaSS is one such model system and is used here to exemplify aspects of complexity in population-level risk assessment for terrestrial mammals, birds, and arthropods exposed to pesticides. Results are used to argue for greater realism...

La neología: indicador de la vitalidad de una lengua y su cultura

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Jhon Jairo Giraldo Ortíz

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El discurso periodístico es idóneo para el estudio del fenómeno de la neología, principalmente a partir de la prensa escrita, dada la fijación que aporta el texto impreso. Las páginas de la prensa, por tanto, suponen una fuente rica en usos lingüísticos representativos de la lengua general, y entre dichos usos se destacan los neologismos, de ahí que los periódicos se tomen actualmente como fuente principal para detectar neologismos (Estornell, 2009. En este sentido, en Colombia se adelantan estudios tendientes a registrar debidamente los neologismos que aparecen en periódicos de amplia circulación como El Tiempo y El Colombiano y, en el caso que nos ocupa, en el periódico de la Universidad de Antioquia, Alma Máter. Los resultados de este estudio, en general, buscan contribuir al desarrollo de la investigación en neología en el país, con base en el registro de palabras nuevas en el periódico Alma Máter. Y, en particular, constituye un corpus a partir del rastreo en Alma Máter; que permite un análisis y descripción de los principales métodos y características de formación de neologismos hallados y busca favorecer, con los resultados del rastreo, la creación de un banco de datos de neologismos de la variante del español de Colombia. Journalistic speech, mainly written press, because of the permanence provided by printed text, is suitable for the study of the phenomenon of neolexia. The pages of the press presuppose, therefore, a rich source of representative linguistic uses of the general language, among them neologisms. For that reason, newspapers are currently seen as the main source of identifying neologisms (Estornell, 2009. In this respect, in Colombia there are studies being done to register correctly the neologisms that appear in large-circulation newspapers like El Tiempo and El Colombiano and, in the present case, in Alma Máter, the newspaper of the Universidad de Antioquia. The results of this study try, in

Los informes contables externos y la legitimidad organizacional con el entorno: estudio de un caso en Colombia

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Mauricio Gómez Villegas

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Este documento es una aproximación académica a la contabilidad y a los informes contables externos. Su preocupación es la caracterización y comprensión del papel de la contabilidad en las organizaciones y en la sociedad. Por ello sintetiza la visión económica dominante y algunas de las perspectivas sociales e institucionales sobre el rol de la contabilidad y la información contable financiera. Parte de la pregunta: ¿Aporta la contabilidad al propósito de legitimidad organizacional con el entorno? Así, el objetivo del trabajo es realizar una síntesis de las visiones que explican el papel de los informes contables externos, los estados financieros particularmente, desde la visión dominante y desde una perspectiva neoinstitucional en contabilidad. Para ello el documento recoge un primer estudio de caso, que pretende aportar a la necesaria contrastación empírica para la comprensión del rol de la contabilidad en Colombia. Adoptamos la visión según la cual, ante todo, la información contable desempeña un rol institucional, como mecanismo de legitimación de la organización con su entorno

Exploring No-SQL alternatives for ALMA monitoring system

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Tzu-Chiang; Soto, Ruben; Merino, Patricio; Peña, Leonel; Bartsch, Marcelo; Aguirre, Alvaro; Ibsen, Jorge

2014-07-01

The Atacama Large Millimeter /submillimeter Array (ALMA) will be a unique research instrument composed of at least 66 reconfigurable high-precision antennas, located at the Chajnantor plain in the Chilean Andes at an elevation of 5000 m. This paper describes the experience gained after several years working with the monitoring system, which has a strong requirement of collecting and storing up to 150K variables with a highest sampling rate of 20.8 kHz. The original design was built on top of a cluster of relational database server and network attached storage with fiber channel interface. As the number of monitoring points increases with the number of antennas included in the array, the current monitoring system demonstrated to be able to handle the increased data rate in the collection and storage area (only one month of data), but the data query interface showed serious performance degradation. A solution based on no-SQL platform was explored as an alternative to the current long-term storage system. Among several alternatives, mongoDB has been selected. In the data flow, intermediate cache servers based on Redis were introduced to allow faster streaming of the most recently acquired data to web based charts and applications for online data analysis.

From Alma Ata to the Global Fund: The history of international health policy

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Italian Global Health Watch

2008-01-01

Full Text Available “Global Funds are like stars in the sky, you can see them, admire them, appreciate their abundance… but fail to touch them.” - Ministry of Health Official, Malawi Abstract The paper traces the evolution of international health policies and international health institutions, starting from the birth of the World Health Organization, the setting up of the Health for All target at the Alma Ata conference in 1978 and the rise of neo-liberal policies promoted by international financial institutions from 1980 to the present. The paper looks at different issues surrounding public-private partnerships and the setting up of the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the influence of these institutions on the health systems in poor countries.

Inferring giant planets from ALMA millimeter continuum and line observations in (transition) disks

Science.gov (United States)

Facchini, S.; Pinilla, P.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; de Juan Ovelar, M.

2018-05-01

Context. Radial gaps or cavities in the continuum emission in the IR-mm wavelength range are potential signatures of protoplanets embedded in their natal protoplanetary disk are. Hitherto, models have relied on the combination of mm continuum observations and near-infrared scattered light images to put constraints on the properties of embedded planets. Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations are now probing spatially resolved rotational line emission of CO and other chemical species. These observations can provide complementary information on the mechanism carving the gaps in dust and additional constraints on the purported planet mass. Aims: We investigate whether the combination of ALMA continuum and CO line observations can constrain the presence and mass of planets embedded in protoplanetary disks. Methods: We post-processed azimuthally averaged 2D hydrodynamical simulations of planet-disk models, in which the dust densities and grain size distributions are computed with a dust evolution code that considers radial drift, fragmentation, and growth. The simulations explored various planet masses (1 MJ ≤ Mp ≤ 15 MJ) and turbulent parameters (10-4 ≤ α ≤ 10-3). The outputs were then post-processed with the thermochemical code DALI, accounting for the radially and vertically varying dust properties. We obtained the gas and dust temperature structures, chemical abundances, and synthetic emission maps of both thermal continuum and CO rotational lines. This is the first study combining hydrodynamical simulations, dust evolution, full radiative transfer, and chemistry to predict gas emission of disks hosting massive planets. Results: All radial intensity profiles of 12CO, 13CO, and C18O show a gap at the planet location. The ratio between the location of the gap as seen in CO and the peak in the mm continuum at the pressure maximum outside the orbit of the planet shows a clear dependence on planet mass and is independent of disk

Revelation of the voluntary information about Human Capital in the Annual Reports Revelación de la información voluntaria sobre el capital humano en los informes anuales

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Miguel Angel Villacorta

2007-07-01

Full Text Available The Financial Accounting impedes the registration on behalf of the information on the intangible of the different companies. To attenuate this situation, many companies offer voluntary data on them in the accounting documentation. This work analyzes the voluntary information of the Spanish companies about the intangible, impacting in the place that they occupy inside the Annual Report. The main conclusion of the investigation is that the companies offer the voluntary information that more it interests them for their own motivations and, however, the users of the Financial Accounting need a wider and more comparable information on the Human Capital.La normalización contable actual impide el registro de parte de la información sobre los intangibles de las diferentes empresas. Para atenuar esta situación, muchas empresas ofrecen datos voluntarios sobre ellos en la documentación contable que ofrecen a terceros. Este trabajo analiza la información voluntaria que exponen las empresas españolas cotizadas sobre los intangibles no reconocidos en el Balance, incidiendo en el lugar que ocupan dentro del Informe Anual. La principal conclusión de la investigación es que las empresas ofrecen la información voluntaria que más les interesa para sus propias motivaciones y, sin embargo, los usuarios de la Contabilidad Financiera necesitan una información más amplia y comparable sobre el Capital Humano.

Las almas indisciplinadas: comentario crítico y estilístico de Plut., De facie 945B

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Luisa Lesage Gárriga

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El mito escatológico que aparece al final del tratado de Plutarco De facie in orbe lunae todavía a día de hoy presenta problemas textuales y de interpretación que deben ser estudiados. Con este análisis del texto, que parte de estudios de crítica textual y crítica literaria y estilística, intento arrojar algo de luz sobre un pasaje que versa sobre el destino de las almas licenciosas.

Relación entre la Expansión de los Informes Publicados por las Empresas y la Calidad de las Decisiones de los Usuarios. El Problema de la Sobrecarga de Información.

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María Flora Muíño Vázquez

2000-06-01

Full Text Available El énfasis en la provisión de toda aquella información relevante para los procesos de decisión de los usuarios está dando lugar a la presentación de informes tan amplios que pueden sobrecargar al individuo y deteriorar sus procesos de decisión. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar con detalle la investigación realizada hasta el momento con la finalidad de valorar la posibilidad de que en el entorno financiero se pueda presentar un problema de sobrecarga de información. A pesar de las notables diferencias existentes en el planteamiento de los trabajos revisados, a partir de sus resultados se puede concluir que, al aumentar la carga de información mejora la calidad de las decisiones de los usuarios hasta que se alcanza un determinado nivel a partir del cual el volumen de datos presentados resulta excesivo y la relación se invierte. The emphasis on providing all relevant information for users' decision making processes is leading to the publication of reports so expansive as to be in danger of overloading the individual and harming their decision making processes. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed analysis of up-to-date research in order to assess the possibility that a problem of information overload could exist in the financial environment. Despite important differences in the design of the reviewed studies, from their results we can conclude that the quality of users' decisions improves as information load increases up to a point beyond which data load becomes excessive and the direction of the relationship between these variables reverses.

Resolving the planetesimal belt of HR 8799 with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Booth, Mark; Jordán, Andrés; Casassus, Simon; Hales, Antonio S.; Dent, William R. F.; Faramaz, Virginie; Matrà, Luca; Barkats, Denis; Brahm, Rafael; Cuadra, Jorge

2016-07-01

The star HR 8799 hosts one of the largest known debris discs and at least four giant planets. Previous observations have found evidence for a warm belt within the orbits of the planets, a cold planetesimal belt beyond their orbits and a halo of small grains. With the infrared data, it is hard to distinguish the planetesimal belt emission from that of the grains in the halo. With this in mind, the system has been observed with ALMA in band 6 (1.34 mm) using a compact array format. These observations allow the inner edge of the planetesimal belt to be resolved for the first time. A radial distribution of dust grains is fitted to the data using an MCMC method. The disc is best fitted by a broad ring between 145^{+12}_{-12} au and 429^{+37}_{-32} au at an inclination of 40^{+5}_{-6}° and a position angle of 51^{+8}_{-8}°. A disc edge at ˜145 au is too far out to be explained simply by interactions with planet b, requiring either a more complicated dynamical history or an extra planet beyond the orbit of planet b.

The Taurus Boundary of Stellar/Substellar (TBOSS) Survey. II. Disk Masses from ALMA Continuum Observations

Science.gov (United States)

Ward-Duong, K.; Patience, J.; Bulger, J.; van der Plas, G.; Ménard, F.; Pinte, C.; Jackson, A. P.; Bryden, G.; Turner, N. J.; Harvey, P.; Hales, A.; De Rosa, R. J.

2018-02-01

We report 885 μm ALMA continuum flux densities for 24 Taurus members spanning the stellar/substellar boundary with spectral types from M4 to M7.75. Of the 24 systems, 22 are detected at levels ranging from 1.0 to 55.7 mJy. The two nondetections are transition disks, though other transition disks in the sample are detected. Converting ALMA continuum measurements to masses using standard scaling laws and radiative transfer modeling yields dust mass estimates ranging from ∼0.3 to 20 M ⊕. The dust mass shows a declining trend with central object mass when combined with results from submillimeter surveys of more massive Taurus members. The substellar disks appear as part of a continuous sequence and not a distinct population. Compared to older Upper Sco members with similar masses across the substellar limit, the Taurus disks are brighter and more massive. Both Taurus and Upper Sco populations are consistent with an approximately linear relationship in M dust to M star, although derived power-law slopes depend strongly upon choices of stellar evolutionary model and dust temperature relation. The median disk around early-M stars in Taurus contains a comparable amount of mass in small solids as the average amount of heavy elements in Kepler planetary systems on short-period orbits around M-dwarf stars, with an order of magnitude spread in disk dust mass about the median value. Assuming a gas-to-dust ratio of 100:1, only a small number of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs have a total disk mass amenable to giant planet formation, consistent with the low frequency of giant planets orbiting M dwarfs.

Spectral and morphological analysis of the remnant of supernova 1987A with ALMA and ATCA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zanardo, Giovanna; Staveley-Smith, Lister [International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), M468, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009 (Australia); Indebetouw, Remy; Chevalier, Roger A. [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 (United States); Matsuura, Mikako; Barlow, Michael J. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT (United Kingdom); Gaensler, Bryan M. [Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) (Australia); Fransson, Claes; Lundqvist, Peter [Department of Astronomy, Oskar Klein Center, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm (Sweden); Manchester, Richard N. [CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710 (Australia); Baes, Maarten [Sterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281 S9, B-9000 Gent (Belgium); Kamenetzky, Julia R. [Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065 (United States); Lakićević, Maša [Institute for the Environment, Physical Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG (United Kingdom); Marcaide, Jon M. [Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot (Spain); Martí-Vidal, Ivan [Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala (Sweden); Meixner, Margaret [Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States); Ng, C.-Y. [Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong (China); Park, Sangwook, E-mail: giovanna.zanardo@gmail.com [Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 108 Science Hall, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 (United States); and others

2014-12-01

We present a comprehensive spectral and morphological analysis of the remnant of supernova (SN) 1987A with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The non-thermal and thermal components of the radio emission are investigated in images from 94 to 672 GHz (λ 3.2 mm to 450 μm), with the assistance of a high-resolution 44 GHz synchrotron template from the ATCA, and a dust template from ALMA observations at 672 GHz. An analysis of the emission distribution over the equatorial ring in images from 44 to 345 GHz highlights a gradual decrease of the east-to-west asymmetry ratio with frequency. We attribute this to the shorter synchrotron lifetime at high frequencies. Across the transition from radio to far infrared, both the synchrotron/dust-subtracted images and the spectral energy distribution (SED) suggest additional emission beside the main synchrotron component (S {sub ν}∝ν{sup –0.73}) and the thermal component originating from dust grains at T ∼ 22 K. This excess could be due to free-free flux or emission from grains of colder dust. However, a second flat-spectrum synchrotron component appears to better fit the SED, implying that the emission could be attributed to a pulsar wind nebula (PWN). The residual emission is mainly localized west of the SN site, as the spectral analysis yields –0.4 ≲ α ≲ –0.1 across the western regions, with α ∼ 0 around the central region. If there is a PWN in the remnant interior, these data suggest that the pulsar may be offset westward from the SN position.

Fundamentos Físicos de las Nuevas Tecnologías Informáticas: Enunciados de los problemas

OpenAIRE

Beléndez Vázquez, Augusto

1996-01-01

Fundamentos Físicos de las Nuevas Tecnologías Informáticas: Enunciados de los problemas (óptica geométrica, óptica ondulatoria, óptica de Fourier, holografía, óptica electromagnética, dispositivos electroópticos, dispositivos acustoópticos, fibras ópticas y comunicaciones, computación óptica).

ALMA Observations of the Host Galaxy of GRB 090423 at z = 8.23: Deep Limits on Obscured Star Formation 630 Million Years after the Big Bang

Science.gov (United States)

Berger, E.; Zauderer, B. A.; Chary, R.-R.; Laskar, T.; Chornock, R.; Tanvir, N. R.; Stanway, E. R.; Levan, A. J.; Levesque, E. M.; Davies, J. E.

2014-12-01

We present rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) and optical observations of the host galaxy of GRB 090423 at z = 8.23 from the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and the Spitzer Space Telescope, respectively. The host remains undetected to 3σ limits of F ν(222 GHz) Space Telescope rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) observations is SFRUV ~ 4 (Lyman break galaxies, Lyα emitters, and submillimeter galaxies) and find that our limit on the FIR luminosity is the most constraining to date, although the field galaxies have much larger rest-frame UV/optical luminosities than the host of GRB 090423 by virtue of their selection techniques. We conclude that GRB host galaxies at z >~ 4, especially those with measured interstellar medium metallicities from afterglow spectroscopy, are an attractive sample for future ALMA studies of high redshift obscured star formation.

Control de calidad en los cursos en línea de un programa en Ingeniería Informática

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Gabriela Garita González

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este artículo explica la experiencia obtenida, mediante el Programa Ingeniería informática de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (Costa Rica, en la implementación de un proceso de control de calidad para evaluar y dar seguimiento a la mediación docente, el soporte técnico y al apoyo en los cursos en línea, que se ofrecen en los niveles de diplomado, bachillerato y licenciatura. Como elemento significativo del documento se pretende introducir modelos, estándares y mejores prácticas que ofrece el mercado como referencia para seleccionar y justificar los criterios de calidad que se desean alcanzar en los cursos de formación en línea. Se le ofrece al lector una serie de herramientas de implementación para un proceso de mejora en la calidad de los cursos en línea que se brinda al estudiante.

Diseño de interfaces en los medios visitados por los venezolanos ¿Los más usados son usables?

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Gladys Benigni

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC han impactado favorablemente a los ciudadanos y han cambiado sus hábitos de consumo de bienes y servicios; desde las distintas facetas de la vida en sociedad es necesario acoplarse a estos nuevos hábitos. La prensa nacional e internacional no escapa a esta realidad, y por tal, han comenzado a abrirse espacios en Internet para acercarse más a los ciudadanos a través del apoderamiento de las TIC. En Venezuela se ha venido incrementando el uso de los sitios web de los medios de comunicación social; a los cuales se accede desde computadores personales, portátiles, tabletas y teléfonos inteligentes. No obstante, muchos espacios en Internet se diseñan sin apego a las normas y principios de usabilidad que facilitan la intuitiva y correcta interacción del usuario con la aplicación informática. En consecuencia, se evalúa si los sitios web de los medios de comunicación social más usados por los internautas venezolanos son usables; para lo cual, se los analizará empleando los Principios de usabilidad, de Nielsen, y la Guía para evaluación experta, de Márquez Correa. Se concluye que los sitios web evaluados cumplen medianamente los principios, partes y recomendaciones expertas en cuanto al diseño de interfaces web.

De los registros a los objetos: Semántica y comportamiento de los documentos: el desafío de la Web 3.0

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mela Bosch

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un panorama y los interrogantes fundamentales de la etapa de la Web 3.0. Se analizan las características actuales de los sistemas bibliográficos estructurados con el modelo entidad-relación. Se definen los niveles conceptual, lógico y físico en los sistemas informáticos; consecuentemente se presentan las características de los FRBR y se obervan las relaciones entre obra y documento en el modelo conceptual FRBR. Se describen los FRBRoo como una interpretación con una lógica de objetos de los mismos requerimientos funcionales. Finalmente se plantean las tendencias a futuro, tales como pasar de las modelizaciones de entidad-relación a la de objetos, la explicitación con anotación semántica consistente, el mapeo de bases bibliográficas existentes y el desarrollo de ontologías para que los sistemas documentales se integren en la Web Semática

ALMA Reveals Sequential High-mass Star Formation in the G9.62+0.19 Complex

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu, Tie; Kim, Kee-Tae [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776, Daedeokdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea 34055 (Korea, Republic of); Lacy, John [Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 (United States); Li, Pak Shing [Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States); Wang, Ke [European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str.2, D-85748 Garching bei München (Germany); Qin, Sheng-Li [Department of Astronomy, Yunnan University, and Key Laboratory of Astroparticle Physics of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650091 (China); Zhang, Qizhou [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Garay, Guido; Mardones, Diego [Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36-D, Santiago (Chile); Wu, Yuefang [Department of Astronomy, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (China); Zhu, Qingfeng [Astronomy Department, University of Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 210008 (China); Tatematsu, Ken’ichi; Hirota, Tomoya [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Ren, Zhiyuan; Li, Di [National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Science, A20 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012 (China); Liu, Sheng-Yuan; Chen, Huei-Ru; Su, Yu-Nung, E-mail: liutiepku@gmail.com [Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, P.O. Box 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan (China)

2017-11-01

Stellar feedback from high-mass stars (e.g., H ii regions) can strongly influence the surrounding interstellar medium and regulate star formation. Our new ALMA observations reveal sequential high-mass star formation taking place within one subvirial filamentary clump (the G9.62 clump) in the G9.62+0.19 complex. The 12 dense cores (MM1–MM12) detected by ALMA are at very different evolutionary stages, from the starless core phase to the UC H ii region phase. Three dense cores (MM6, MM7/G, MM8/F) are associated with outflows. The mass–velocity diagrams of the outflows associated with MM7/G and MM8/F can be well-fit by broken power laws. The mass–velocity diagram of the SiO outflow associated with MM8/F breaks much earlier than other outflow tracers (e.g., CO, SO, CS, HCN), suggesting that SiO traces newly shocked gas, while the other molecular lines (e.g., CO, SO, CS, HCN) mainly trace the ambient gas continuously entrained by outflow jets. Five cores (MM1, MM3, MM5, MM9, MM10) are massive starless core candidates whose masses are estimated to be larger than 25 M {sub ☉}, assuming a dust temperature of ≤20 K. The shocks from the expanding H ii regions (“B” and “C”) to the west may have a great impact on the G9.62 clump by compressing it into a filament and inducing core collapse successively, leading to sequential star formation. Our findings suggest that stellar feedback from H ii regions may enhance the star formation efficiency and suppress low-mass star formation in adjacent pre-existing massive clumps.

An ALMA Survey of Protoplanetary Disks in the σ Orionis Cluster

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ansdell, M.; Williams, J. P.; Marel, N. van der [Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI (United States); Manara, C. F. [Scientific Support Office, Directorate of Science, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA/ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk (Netherlands); Miotello, A.; Dishoeck, E. F. van [Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden (Netherlands); Facchini, S. [Max-Plank-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching (Germany); Testi, L. [INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze (Italy)

2017-05-01

The σ  Orionis cluster is important for studying protoplanetary disk evolution, as its intermediate age (∼3–5 Myr) is comparable to the median disk lifetime. We use ALMA to conduct a high-sensitivity survey of dust and gas in 92 protoplanetary disks around σ  Orionis members with M {sub *} ≳ 0.1  M {sub ⊙}. Our observations cover the 1.33 mm continuum and several CO J  = 2–1 lines: out of 92 sources, we detect 37 in the millimeter continuum and 6 in {sup 12}CO, 3 in {sup 13}CO, and none in C{sup 18}O. Using the continuum emission to estimate dust mass, we find only 11 disks with M {sub dust} ≳ 10  M {sub ⊕}, indicating that after only a few Myr of evolution most disks lack sufficient dust to form giant planet cores. Stacking the individually undetected continuum sources limits their average dust mass to 5×  lower than that of the faintest detected disk, supporting theoretical models that indicate rapid dissipation once disk clearing begins. Comparing the protoplanetary disk population in σ  Orionis to those of other star-forming regions supports the steady decline in average dust mass and the steepening of the M {sub dust}– M {sub *} relation with age; studying these evolutionary trends can inform the relative importance of different disk processes during key eras of planet formation. External photoevaporation from the central O9 star is influencing disk evolution throughout the region: dust masses clearly decline with decreasing separation from the photoionizing source, and the handful of CO detections exist at projected separations of >1.5 pc. Collectively, our findings indicate that giant planet formation is inherently rare and/or well underway by a few Myr of age.

Conductas prosociales en los barrios Modelo y Los Trupillos de Barranquilla

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Carlos Marin Escobar

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo muestra los resultados de un estudio que describe las conductas prosociales en un grupo de personas de los barrios Modelo y Los Trupillos de Barranquilla. La muestra intencional, estuvo representada por 75 personas. La recolección de la información se obtuvo a partir de una técnica naturalista en la cual se les solicitaba a los participantes la posibilidad de apoyar en una situación prosocial relacionada con ayudar a niños, niñas y ancianos, Los resultados permiten establecer que el 45,33 % ayudan y el 54,66 % no ayudan. Así mismo se obtuvieron los siguientes datos: Los que ayudan son creyentes practicantes de una religión; ayudan más las mujeres que los hombres y las personas entre los 20 a los 40 años. Abstract This paper focuses on the findings of a study which describes the prosocial behavior in a group of people who live in Modelo and Los Trupillos neighborhoods in Barranquilla. 75 people were sampled in this study. In order to collect the data, a natural approach was used in which the participants were asked to take part in a social survey as it related to helping the children and elderly in that area. As a result 45.33 % helps and 54.66 % does not help. Likewise it was obtained the following information: Those who help are practicing believers of a religion; they help more women than men and people between 20 to 40 years old.

An ALMA view of star formation efficiency suppression in early-type galaxies after gas-rich minor mergers

Science.gov (United States)

van de Voort, Freeke; Davis, Timothy A.; Matsushita, Satoki; Rowlands, Kate; Shabala, Stanislav S.; Allison, James R.; Ting, Yuan-Sen; Sansom, Anne E.; van der Werf, Paul P.

2018-05-01

Gas-rich minor mergers contribute significantly to the gas reservoir of early-type galaxies (ETGs) at low redshift, yet the star formation efficiency (SFE; the star formation rate divided by the molecular gas mass) appears to be strongly suppressed following some of these events, in contrast to the more well-known merger-driven starbursts. We present observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) of six ETGs, which have each recently undergone a gas-rich minor merger, as evidenced by their disturbed stellar morphologies. These galaxies were selected because they exhibit extremely low SFEs. We use the resolving power of ALMA to study the morphology and kinematics of the molecular gas. The majority of our galaxies exhibit spatial and kinematical irregularities, such as detached gas clouds, warps, and other asymmetries. These asymmetries support the interpretation that the suppression of the SFE is caused by dynamical effects stabilizing the gas against gravitational collapse. Through kinematic modelling we derive high velocity dispersions and Toomre Q stability parameters for the gas, but caution that such measurements in edge-on galaxies suffer from degeneracies. We estimate merger ages to be about 100 Myr based on the observed disturbances in the gas distribution. Furthermore, we determine that these galaxies lie, on average, two orders of magnitude below the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation for star-forming galaxies as well as below the relation for relaxed ETGs. We discuss potential dynamical processes responsible for this strong suppression of star formation surface density at fixed molecular gas surface density.

Towards detecting methanol emission in low-mass protoplanetary discs with ALMA: the role of non-LTE excitation

Science.gov (United States)

Parfenov, S. Yu.; Semenov, D. A.; Sobolev, A. M.; Gray, M. D.

2016-08-01

The understanding of organic content of protoplanetary discs is one of the main goals of the planet formation studies. As an attempt to guide the observational searches for weak lines of complex species in discs, we modelled the (sub)millimetre spectrum of gaseous methanol (CH3OH), one of the simplest organic molecules, in the representative T Tauri system. We used 1+1D disc physical model coupled to the gas-grain ALCHEMIC chemical model with and without 2D-turbulent mixing. The computed CH3OH abundances along with the CH3OH scheme of energy levels of ground and excited torsional states were used to produce model spectra obtained with the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) 3D line radiative transfer code LIME. We found that the modelled non-LTE intensities of the CH3OH lines can be lower by factor of >10-100 than those calculated under assumption of LTE. Though population inversion occurs in the model calculations for many (sub)millimetre transitions, it does not lead to the strong maser amplification and noticeably high line intensities. We identify the strongest CH3OH (sub)millimetre lines that could be searched for with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in nearby discs. The two best candidates are the CH3OH 50 - 40A+ (241.791 GHz) and 5-1 - 4-1E (241.767 GHz) lines, which could possibly be detected with the ˜5σ signal-to-noise ratio after ˜3 h of integration with the full ALMA array.

Los aportes de la tecnología informática a la educación especial. El caso de la escuela Nº 9 Keoken de Río Turbio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana Laura Alaniz

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación da cuenta de los factores que facilitan o dificultan el aprendizaje con Tecnología Informática en una escuela de Educación Especial, considerando el abordaje de las necesidades educativas de un grupo de alumnos con: ceguera, disminución visual, sordera e hipoacusia. Se exponen, además, los conflictos que se presentan en este proceso y una forma de afrontar este recorte de la realidad mediante la elaboración de un plan estratégico. Nos interesa conocer los aportes de la tecnología informática que permitan la integración global de las personas, con la finalidad de posibilitar un mayor desarrollo de su capacidades intelectuales y tratar de concientizar a los profesionales del campo educativo sobre la necesidad e importancia de introducir la informática en su tarea docente, desde un enfoque inclusivo e integrador, buscando un camino hacia una mayor autonomía del individuo, no sólo como una herramienta útil, sino porque permite la construcción de los conocimientos y puesta en práctica de los valores involucrados en el proceso.

Elefante asiático sometido al turismo: ¿Cuál es el precio por romper su alma?

OpenAIRE

García de Lorenzo, Maria; Iglesias Rodríguez, Carmen María

2016-01-01

El trabajo expuesto tiene como finalidad conocer el proceso de domesticación del elefante asiático para su uso en el turismo y ocio, así como las consecuencias físicas y etológicas que supone esta práctica sobre el animal. Se centra en el método ancestral utilizado en el sudeste asiático, “khedda”, que “rompe” su alma. Se hace una descripción breve de sus características físicas y su comportamiento para conocerlo un poco mejor

Bolívar ante la política de Cartagena en 1812

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel José Forero

1961-11-01

Full Text Available Veintinueve años contaba Simón Bolívar en los días de su llegada a Cartagena. Imaginación ardiente, ojos vivos, ademanes colmados de actividad eran los dones visibles al instante en el futuro Libertador. Traía en el alma un gran dolor.

Signos Vitales de los CDC–Los selladores dentales previenen las caries (Dental Sealants Prevent Cavities)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast se basa en la edición de octubre del 2016 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Los selladores dentales, que se aplican poco después de que les salgan las muelas permanentes a los niños, pueden protegerlos contra las caries hasta por nueve años. Aplicarles los selladores dentales a los niños de bajos ingresos en las escuelas podría ahorrar millones de dólares en costos de tratamientos.

La sexualidad en los jóvenes de sectores marginales. Un informe de avance

OpenAIRE

Aigneren Aburto, José Miguel

2004-01-01

La sexualidad en los jovenes de sectores marginales. El problema es la sexualidad de los adolescentes en un mundo de pobreza e inequidad. Este estudio tiene como objetivo general describir los crudos productos sexuales de la miseria y los mitos que envenenan a la juventud marginal. Es un intento de retratar a aquellos adolescentes que conocen el sexo en la escuela del submundo que esconden los cordones de extrema pobreza del Medellín de hoy. Los resultados citados corresponden a realidades co...

ALMA INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED HCN/HCO{sup +}/HNC EMISSION LINES IN THE AGN-HOSTING ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXY IRAS 20551−4250

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imanishi, Masatoshi [Subaru Telescope, 650 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720 (United States); Nakanishi, Kouichiro [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Izumi, Takuma, E-mail: masa.imanishi@nao.ac.jp [Institute of Astronomy, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015 (Japan)

2016-07-01

We present the results of ALMA Cycle 2 observations of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 20551−4250 at HCN/HCO{sup +}/HNC J = 3–2 lines at both vibrational ground ( v = 0) and vibrationally excited ( v {sub 2} = 1) levels. This galaxy contains a luminous buried active galactic nucleus (AGN), in addition to starburst activity, and our ALMA Cycle 0 data revealed a tentatively detected vibrationally excited HCN v {sub 2} = 1f J = 4–3 emission line. In our ALMA Cycle 2 data, the HCN/HCO{sup +}/HNC J = 3–2 emission lines at v = 0 are clearly detected. The HCN and HNC v {sub 2} = 1f J = 3–2 emission lines are also detected, but the HCO{sup +} v {sub 2} = 1f J = 3–2 emission line is not. Given the high energy level of v {sub 2} = 1 and the resulting difficulty of collisional excitation, we compared these results with those of the calculation of infrared radiative pumping, using the available infrared 5–35 μ m spectrum. We found that all of the observational results were reproduced if the HCN abundance was significantly higher than that of HCO{sup +} and HNC. The flux ratio and excitation temperature between v {sub 2} = 1f and v = 0, after correction for possible line opacity, suggests that infrared radiative pumping affects rotational ( J -level) excitation at v = 0 at least for HCN and HNC. The HCN-to-HCO{sup +} v = 0 flux ratio is higher than those of starburst-dominated regions, and will increase even more when the derived high HCN opacity is corrected. The enhanced HCN-to-HCO{sup +} flux ratio in this AGN-hosting galaxy can be explained by the high HCN-to-HCO{sup +} abundance ratio and sufficient HCN excitation at up to J = 4, rather than the significantly higher efficiency of infrared radiative pumping for HCN than HCO{sup +}.

Los médicos de la familia y los recursos informativos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Antonio López Espinosa

1995-04-01

Full Text Available Se enfoca objetivamente la experiencia nacional e internacional en el uso de las fuentes y servicios de información por parte de los médicos que se dedican a la atención primaria de salud. Se refieren los requerimientos que se deben cumplir para lograr la formación y educación de los médicos de la familia como usuarios de la información y, en virtud de ellos, se ofrecen algunas soluciones y sugerencias, cuya aplicación puede convertirse en una valiosa contribución al perfeccionamiento cualitativo de la labor asistencial en el marco de la Medicina General Integral.We make an objective an objective approach of our experiencies adn those attained in other countries regarding the use of information services and resources made by general practitioners. We describe a number of requisites needed for the formation and training of family doctors as information users and thus, offer solutions and suggestions which could contribute greatly to improve the quality of primary health care services.

La organización contable en la constitución del Banco de San Carlos en 1783. Los informes sobre los libros de cuentas, personal y sistemas de contabilidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Moreno Fernández

2013-12-01

informes que se elaboraron en 1783 para dotar al establecimiento, acordes con el diseño organizativo previsto en su norma fundacional, de la infraestructura necesaria para cubrir los aspectos contables que abarcan, desde los libros de cuentas, hasta el sistema a seguir por partida doble o simple, o el perfil, sueldo y personas que llevarían la contabilidad. Finalmente, sería el órgano colegiado de la Junta de Dirección el que decidiría tales aspectos, pero supeditando a la Junta General de Accionistas, al término de ese primer ejercicio, la resolución o confirmación de algunas cuestiones.

Aproximación de la universidad, a la situación de salud de la población y a los servicios de salud en Cuba Rapprochement of university to population health situation and to health services in Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Joaquín Alemañy Pérez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se realiza un breve recuento histórico sobre la atención primaria de salud y la medicina familiar, como especialidad efectora de los servicios, a partir de las definiciones realizadas en los informes de la Comisión Millis en 1966, del Comité Adjunto de la Asociación Médica Norteamericana para la educación médica, y la Conferencia Internacional de Alma Ata en 1978. Posteriormente se aborda por décadas el desarrollo de recursos humanos en el Sistema Nacional de Salud, a partir del triunfo revolucionario. Se particulariza en el desarrollo de la Medicina General Integral como especialidad, y en los cambios que por esta se generan en la formación de profesionales y en el proceso docente-educativo. En el desarrollo se describen los nudos problemáticos que aún persisten en el currículo, la docencia y los escenarios de formación, así como, las posibles estrategias de cambio que permitan continuar desarrollando una gestión de calidad en el programa de estudio de la carrera de Medicina, en la formación orientada por los principios de una atención primaria de salud renovada; para esto se tienen en cuenta los aspectos siguientes: aproximación de la escuela/facultad a la realidad de la situación de salud de la población y a los servicios de salud, los cambios curriculares que fortalezcan la aproximación con la realidad de salud y la organización de las prácticas profesionales, la negociación con los actores relevantes en el proceso de cambio y las instancias de concertación entre la universidad y los servicios de salud, para el desarrollo de actividades docentes asistenciales. Este trabajo tiene como propósito promover estrategias de cambio necesarias que permitan continuar desarrollando una gestión de calidad del programa de estudio de la carrera de Medicina, en la formación orientada por los principios de una atención primaria de salud renovada y fortalecida.A brief historical recount on the primary health care and the family

η Carinae Baby Homunculus uncovered by ALMA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abraham, Zulema; Beaklini, Pedro P. B.; Falceta-Gonçalves, Diego

2014-01-01

We report observations of η Carinae obtained with ALMA in the continuum of 100, 230, 280, and 660 GHz in 2012 November, with a resolution that varied from 2.''88 to 0.''45 for the lower and higher frequencies, respectively. The source is not resolved, even at the highest frequency; its spectrum is characteristic of thermal bremsstrahlung of a compact source, but different from the spectrum of optically thin wind. The recombination lines H42α, He42α, H40α, He40α, H50β, H28α, He28α, H21α, and He21α were also detected, and their intensities reveal non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects. We found that the line profiles could only be fit by an expanding shell of dense and ionized gas, which produces a slow shock in the surroundings of η Carinae. Combined with fittings to the continuum, we were able to constrain the shell size, radius, density, temperature, and velocity. The detection of the He recombination lines is compatible with the high-temperature gas and requires a high-energy ionizing photon flux, which must be provided by the companion star. The mass-loss rate and wind velocity, necessary to explain the formation of the shell, are compatible with an luminous blue variable eruption. The position, velocity, and physical parameters of the shell coincide with those of the Weigelt blobs. The dynamics found for the expanding shell correspond to matter ejected by η Carinae in 1941 in an event similar to that which formed the Little Homunculus; for that reason, we called the new ejecta the 'Baby Homunculus'.

η Carinae Baby Homunculus uncovered by ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abraham, Zulema; Beaklini, Pedro P. B. [Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, R. do Matão 1226, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900 São Paulo, SP (Brazil); Falceta-Gonçalves, Diego, E-mail: zulema.abraham@iag.usp.br [Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, R. Arlindo Bettio 1000, 03828-000 São Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2014-08-20

We report observations of η Carinae obtained with ALMA in the continuum of 100, 230, 280, and 660 GHz in 2012 November, with a resolution that varied from 2.''88 to 0.''45 for the lower and higher frequencies, respectively. The source is not resolved, even at the highest frequency; its spectrum is characteristic of thermal bremsstrahlung of a compact source, but different from the spectrum of optically thin wind. The recombination lines H42α, He42α, H40α, He40α, H50β, H28α, He28α, H21α, and He21α were also detected, and their intensities reveal non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects. We found that the line profiles could only be fit by an expanding shell of dense and ionized gas, which produces a slow shock in the surroundings of η Carinae. Combined with fittings to the continuum, we were able to constrain the shell size, radius, density, temperature, and velocity. The detection of the He recombination lines is compatible with the high-temperature gas and requires a high-energy ionizing photon flux, which must be provided by the companion star. The mass-loss rate and wind velocity, necessary to explain the formation of the shell, are compatible with an luminous blue variable eruption. The position, velocity, and physical parameters of the shell coincide with those of the Weigelt blobs. The dynamics found for the expanding shell correspond to matter ejected by η Carinae in 1941 in an event similar to that which formed the Little Homunculus; for that reason, we called the new ejecta the 'Baby Homunculus'.

Los ocupantes de tierras en la Norpatagonia. Los Inspectores nacionales, el colono ideal y el poblador real al comenzar el siglo XX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Blanco, Graciela

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo realiza una aproximación a los pobladores que se asentaron en el norte de la Patagonia Argentina, particularmente en el Territorio de Río Negro, a partir de los informes de inspección realizados por funcionarios de la Dirección Nacional de Tierras en los años 1904, 1910 y 1920-21. Estos informes no abarcan la totalidad del territorio, inspeccionándose en esos años distintas zonas, particularmente las destinadas a funcionar como colonias o reservas –Conesa, Choele Choel, Frias, El Cuy, Valcheta-. Los mismos dan cuenta de los pobladores, la forma de tenencia de la tierra, la producción y las inversiones realizadas, clasificando y calificando a los pobladores de acuerdo a diferentes variables. El relato construido por estos inspectores resultaba el insumo más importante a la hora de decidir el acceso a la tierra. Se estudian los informes que estos agentes estatales producían, caracterizando las condiciones del poblamiento y puesta en producción de la región por parte de los pequeños productores de ganado menor o crianceros, complementando esas fuentes con la prensa regional y la producción existente sobre el tema.

Mapping jet-ISM interactions in X-ray binaries with ALMA: a GRS 1915+105 case study

Science.gov (United States)

Tetarenko, A. J.; Freeman, P.; Rosolowsky, E. W.; Miller-Jones, J. C. A.; Sivakoff, G. R.

2018-03-01

We present Atacama Large Millimetre/Sub-Millimetre Array (ALMA) observations of IRAS 19132+1035, a candidate jet-interstellar medium (ISM) interaction zone near the black hole X-ray binary (BHXB) GRS 1915+105. With these ALMA observations (combining data from the 12 m array and the Atacama Compact Array), we map the molecular line emission across the IRAS 19132+1035 region. We detect emission from the 12CO [J = 2 - 1], 13CO [ν = 0, J = 2 - 1], C18O [J = 2 - 1], H2CO [J = 30, 3 - 20, 2], H2CO [J = 32, 2 - 22, 1], H2CO [J = 32, 1 - 22, 0], SiO [ν = 0, J = 5 - 4], CH3OH [J = 42, 2 - 31, 2], and CS [ν = 0, J = 5 - 4] transitions. Given the morphological, spectral, and kinematic properties of this molecular emission, we present several lines of evidence that support the presence of a jet-ISM interaction at this site, including a jet-blown cavity in the molecular gas. This compelling new evidence identifies this site as a jet-ISM interaction zone, making GRS 1915+105, the third Galactic BHXB with at least one conclusive jet-ISM interaction zone. However, we find that this interaction occurs on much smaller scales than was postulated by previous work, where the BHXB jet does not appear to be dominantly powering the entire IRAS 19132+1035 region. Using estimates of the ISM conditions in the region, we utilize the detected cavity as a calorimeter to estimate the time-averaged power carried in the GRS 1915+105 jets of (8.4^{+7.7}_{-8.1})× 10^{32} erg s^{-1}. Overall, our analysis demonstrates that molecular lines are excellent diagnostic tools to identify and probe jet-ISM interaction zones near Galactic BHXBs.

Formas de portar el cuerpo, un constructo social y contextual

OpenAIRE

Hernández Romero, Laura Carolina

2014-01-01

Con la imposición de un modelo de desarrollo occidental, se implementó la concepción de un ser humano dividido y fragmentado, hombres y mujeres descompuestos/as en varias partes: cuerpo, mente, alma y emociones; como si los seres humanos no fuéramos sujetos/as integrales. En efecto, esta división ha sido objeto de constante reevaluación, ya que hemos comprendido que tanto nuestro cuerpo, como nuestra mente, alma y emociones se interrelacionan configurando nuestro ser, pensar, sentir y esta...

İNTERNET ORTAMINDAKİ ALIŞVERİŞ DENEYİMİNİN İNTERNETTEN SATIN ALMA NİYETİNE ETKİSİ VE BİR UYGULAMA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Burcu MUCAN

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Öz Günümüzde firmaların büyük bir bölümü çok kanallı stratejiyi benimseyerek mağaza kanallarının yanına internet ortamından satışın da eklenmesiyle müşteriye ulaşma çabasına girmişlerdir. Tüketicilerin satın alma kararlarını verirken internet ortamında yaşadıkları alışveriş deneyiminin internet üzerinden satın alma kararına olan etkisi bu çalışmanın araştırma konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla internet alışveriş kanalında marka imajının marka güvenine ve marka uyumluluğuna olan etkisi ile birlikte marka güveninin ve markanın uyumluluğunun satın alma niyetine olan etkileri araştırma kapsamında incelenmiştir. İnternet alışveriş kanalını kullanan tüketicilerin beklentilerinin öğrenilmesi açısından bu çalışmanın faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Abstract Nowadays, a great majority of companies have adopted multichannel strategy and have been trying to reach the customers through internet sales in addition to store channels. The topic of this study is the effect of the internet shopping experiences of customers on their decisions on internet shopping. With this aim, the effect of brand image on brand reliability and brand congruity has been studied as well as the effect of brand reliability and brand congruity on purchase intention. It is obvious that this study will be beneficial in terms of determining the expectations of the customers who use the internet shopping channel.

ALGUNOS ELEMENTOS DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE “LO UNIVERSITORIO” POR LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE CARTAGENA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nancy Bolaño

2000-08-01

Full Text Available ¿Qué ocurre, cómo se amarran y desamarran los múltiples hilos que constituyen ese nudo y al tiempo nudoso conflicto de sentidos‘, ese cruce de memorias y proyectos, de representaciones y prácticas, de normativas y decisiones, en interminado desenvolvimiento en el espacio-tiempo del ámbito universitario, que es el cotidiano estudiantil de nuestra Universidad? Usualmente presurosos, colgados de las manecillas del reloj o empujados por las previsiones de la rutina, circulamos por allí profesores, directivos, administradores del alma mater, a través de este atiborrado, fluctuante, magmático teatro de acontecimientos, rumbo al escritorio doctoral, al salón de juntas a la grave reflexión, al dogma palabrero o a la invención innocua, permitiendo que, como lo cantara John Lennon, la vida sea lo que está ocurriendo mientras nosotros estamos ocupados en otras cosas.

Signos Vitales de los CDC–La salud de los afroamericanos (African American Health)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2017-05-02

Este podcast se basa en la edición de mayo del 2017 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. La esperanza de vida de los afroamericanos ha mejorado, pero aún es, en promedio, cuatro años más baja que la de los blancos. Infórmese sobre qué se puede hacer para que todas las personas en los Estados Unidos puedan tener la oportunidad de llevar un estilo de vida saludable.  Created: 5/2/2017 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).   Date Released: 5/2/2017.

Alcanzando los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio en Guatemala: Informe final sobre el diseño de modelos de predicción del cumplimiento de los objetivos del milenio en Guatemala

OpenAIRE

Arlette Beltrán; Juan Francisco Castro; Enrique Vásquez; Gustavo Yamada

2005-01-01

Este documento fue comisionado por la Red de Reducción de la Pobreza y Protección Social del Diálogo Regional de Política para la 8a Reunión Hemisférica celebrada los días 24 y 25 de abril de 2005. El informe presenta las políticas costo eficientes para alcanzar los ODMs con base en modelos estadísticos de pronóstico y costeo. Concluye que Guatemala podría alcanzar la mayoría de ODM sociales si combina políticas sociales sectoriales, de crecimiento económico y de redistribución de ingresos, f...

Alternativas a los ftalatos en adhesivos y tintas: Informe de vigilancia tecnológica

OpenAIRE

Cano Serrano, Encarnación; Cerezo García, Lidia; Urbina Fraile, Marina

2008-01-01

Los plastificantes mejoran la flexibilidad y el procesado de los polímeros. Los más empleados en todo el mundo son los ésteres de ácido ftálico como el DEHP (ftalato de bis(2-etilhexilo)), el DIDP (ftalato de diisodecilo), el DITDP (ftalato de diisotridecilo) y el DINP (ftalato de diisononilo)), existiendo más de 30 tipos diferentes de ftalatos en el mercado. La mayoría de los ftalatos poseen excelentes propiedades plastificantes y adhesivas, por lo que son empleados en la industria química p...

ALMA observation of Ceres' Surface Temperature.

Science.gov (United States)

Titus, T. N.; Li, J. Y.; Sykes, M. V.; Ip, W. H.; Lai, I.; Moullet, A.

2016-12-01

Ceres, the largest object in the main asteroid belt, has been mapped by the Dawn spacecraft. The mapping includes measuring surface temperatures using the Visible and Infrared (VIR) spectrometer at high spatial resolution. However, the VIR instrument has a long wavelength cutoff at 5 μm, which prevents the accurate measurement of surface temperatures below 180 K. This restricts temperature determinations to low and mid-latitudes at mid-day. Observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) [1], while having lower spatial resolution, are sensitive to the full range of surface temperatures that are expected at Ceres. Forty reconstructed images at 75 km/beam resolution were acquired of Ceres that were consistent with a low thermal inertia surface. The diurnal temperature profiles were compared to the KRC thermal model [2, 3], which has been extensively used for Mars [e.g. 4, 5]. Variations in temperature as a function of local time are observed and are compared to predictions from the KRC model. The model temperatures are converted to radiance (Jy/Steradian) and are corrected for near-surface thermal gradients and limb effects for comparison to observations. Initial analysis is consistent with the presence of near-surface water ice in the north polar region. The edge of the ice table is between 50° and 70° North Latitude, consistent with the enhanced detection of hydrogen by the Dawn GRaND instrument [6]. Further analysis will be presented. This work is supported by the NASA Solar System Observations Program. References: [1] Wootten A. et al. (2015) IAU General Assembly, Meeting #29, #2237199 [2] Kieffer, H. H., et al. (1977) JGR, 82, 4249-4291. [3] Kieffer, Hugh H., (2013) Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 118(3), 451-470. [4] Titus, T. N., H. H. Kieffer, and P. N. Christensen (2003) Science, 299, 1048-1051. [5] Fergason, R. L. et al. (2012) Space Sci. Rev, 170, 739-773[6] Prettyman, T. et al. (2016) LPSC 47, #2228.

PORTUGUESE YOUTH AGED FROM 10 TO 19 YEARS: WHAT ARE THEY DOING WITH THEIR COMPUTERS? LOS JÓVENES PORTUGUESES DE LOS 10 A LOS 19 AÑOS: ¿QUÉ HACEN CON LOS ORDENADORES?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Joaquín Costa

2011-03-01

Full Text Available In the initial training in computer science in the university we come across a great diversity of experiences and skills of ours students.To understand the evolution of computer use in the course of 10 to 19 years of Portuguese youth, we have prepared a questionnaire on:- Use the computer, context, type of equipment;- Internet access, activities, time, context;- Chat programs, social networking and blogs;- Monitoring of use by parents, modalities;- IT training.From a sample of 390 young Portuguese data were processed to enable comparisons depending on the age groups 10-12, 13-15 and 16-19 years. The information collected will outline an evolutionary framework of skills of young and allow us to have a rough idea of the use of IT from youth when they enter university.Uno de los aspectos mas interesantes en la formación inicial en informática en el contexto universitario es la diversidad de experiencias y competencias de los alumnos.A fin de percibir la evolución de la utilización del ordenador en el tramo de edad de los 10 a los 19 años de los jóvenes portugueses, elaboramos un cuestionario sobre: utilización del pc, contexto, tipo de equipamiento; acceso a Internet, modalidad, actividades desarrolladas, tiempo, contexto; programas de chat, redes sociales y blog; control de su uso por parte de sus padres, modalidad; formación en TIC.A partir de una muestra de 390 jóvenes portugueses los datos fueron tratados para permitir comparaciones en función de los grupos de edad 10-12 años, 13-15 años y 16-19 años. La información recogida permitirá elaborar un cuadro evolutivo de las competencias de los jóvenes, así como tener una idea aproximada del uso de las TIC en los sujetos que inician la universidad.

The Goegraphic Information Systems in environmental health Los Sistemas de Información Geográfica en salud ambiental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José A. Malpica Velasco

2003-12-01

Full Text Available This paper gives a brief introduction to the Geographic Information Systems (GIS and its applications to the field of Environmental Health (EH. It starts with a conceptual exposition in order to show the potential of GIS’s as an space temporal analysers, and as an aids to take decisions. Some specific cases are analysed, these cases represent success applications of new technology to EH. A brief survey of the more popular software for GIS, free and commercial, is presented. It is also shown the connexion of this software with statistical software and other kind of specialize software in order to build computer tools for working in EH. Finally, some strategies are given for a deepen involvement of GIS in EH.En esta ponencia se presenta una breve introducción a los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (GIS, Geographic Information System y sus aplicaciones en el área de Salud Ambiental (SA. Se inicia con una exposición conceptual para mostrar el potencial de los GIS como analizadores espacio-temporales, y como ayudas a la toma de decisiones. Se analizan algunos casos concretos, que han resultado un éxito, en la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías en SA. También se hace una breve revisión del software más popular para un GIS, comercial y libre, y su conexión con otro software estadístico y especializado para construir herramientas informáticas apropiadas con las que trabajar en SA. Finalmente, se ofrecen algunas estrategias para logra una mayor utilización de los GIS en SA.

ORIGIN AND KINEMATICS OF THE ERUPTIVE FLOW FROM XZ TAU REVEALED BY ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zapata, Luis A.; Galván-Madrid, Roberto; Carrasco-González, Carlos; Palau, Aina; Rodríguez, Luis F.; Kurtz, Stan E.; Tafoya, Daniel; Loinard, Laurent [Centro de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, UNAM, Apdo. Postal 3-72 (Xangari), 58089 Morelia, Michoacán, México (Mexico); Curiel, Salvador [Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. 70-264, 04510 DF, México (Mexico)

2015-09-20

We present high angular resolution (∼0.″94) {sup 12}CO(1-0) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations obtained during the 2014 long baseline campaign from the eruptive bipolar flow from the multiple XZ Tau stellar system discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). These observations reveal, for the first time, the kinematics of the molecular flow. The kinematics of the different ejections close to XZ Tau reveal a rotating and expanding structure with a southeast–northwest velocity gradient. The youngest eruptive bubbles unveiled in the optical HST images are inside of this molecular expanding structure. Additionally, we report a very compact and collimated bipolar outflow emanating from XZ Tau A, which indicates that the eruptive outflow is indeed originating from this object. The mass (3 × 10{sup −7} M{sub ⊙}) and energetics (E{sub kin} = 3 × 10{sup 37} erg) for the collimated outflow are comparable to those found in molecular outflows associated with young brown dwarfs.

Determinación de la resistencia del hornnigón en viguetas fabricadas con cemento aluminóso

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de la Fuente Sánchez, Antonio

1993-03-01

Full Text Available Not Available.

La resistencia de los hormigones en viguetas de cemento aluminóso es uno de los parámetros más solicitados a los laboratorios de control. La dificultad de su determinación estriba en la gran cantidad de armaduras que suelen llevar las alas de la vigueta, siendo el alma la única zona de la que pueden extraerse muestras de hormigón.

ALMA sub-mm maser and dust distribution of VY Canis Majoris

Science.gov (United States)

Richards, A. M. S.; Impellizzeri, C. M. V.; Humphreys, E. M.; Vlahakis, C.; Vlemmings, W.; Baudry, A.; De Beck, E.; Decin, L.; Etoka, S.; Gray, M. D.; Harper, G. M.; Hunter, T. R.; Kervella, P.; Kerschbaum, F.; McDonald, I.; Melnick, G.; Muller, S.; Neufeld, D.; O'Gorman, E.; Parfenov, S. Yu.; Peck, A. B.; Shinnaga, H.; Sobolev, A. M.; Testi, L.; Uscanga, L.; Wootten, A.; Yates, J. A.; Zijlstra, A.

2014-12-01

Aims: Cool, evolved stars have copious, enriched winds. Observations have so far not fully constrained models for the shaping and acceleration of these winds. We need to understand the dynamics better, from the pulsating stellar surface to ~10 stellar radii, where radiation pressure on dust is fully effective. Asymmetric nebulae around some red supergiants imply the action of additional forces. Methods: We retrieved ALMA Science Verification data providing images of sub-mm line and continuum emission from VY CMa. This enables us to locate water masers with milli-arcsec accuracy and to resolve the dusty continuum. Results: The 658, 321, and 325 GHz masers lie in irregular, thick shells at increasing distances from the centre of expansion. For the first time this is confirmed as the stellar position, coinciding with a compact peak offset to the NW of the brightest continuum emission. The maser shells overlap but avoid each other on scales of up to 10 au. Their distribution is broadly consistent with excitation models but the conditions and kinematics are complicated by wind collisions, clumping, and asymmetries. Appendices are available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

Migration to Alma/Primo: A Case Study of Central Washington University

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Ping Fu

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper describes how Central Washington University Libraries (CWUL interacted and collaborated with the Orbis Cascade Alliance (OCA Shared Integrated Library System’s (SILS Implementation Team and Ex Libris to process systems and data migration from Innovative Interfaces Inc.’s Millennium integrated library system to Alma/Primo, Ex Libris’ next-generation library management solution and discovery and delivery solution. A chronological review method was used for this case study to provide an overall picture of key migration events, tasks, and implementation efforts, including pre-migration cleanup, migration forms, integration with external systems, testing, cutover, post-migration cleanup, and reporting and fixing outstanding issues. A three-phase migration model was studied, and a questionnaire was designed to collect data from functional leads to determine staff time spent on the migration tasks. Staff time spent on each phase was analyzed and quantitated, with some top essential elements for the success of the migration identified through the case review and data analysis. An analysis of the Ex Libris’ Salesforce cases created during the migration and post-migration was conducted to be used for identifying roles of key librarians and staff functional leads during the migration.

Signos Vitales de los CDC–Los selladores dentales previenen las caries (Dental Sealants Prevent Cavities)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2016-10-18

Este podcast se basa en la edición de octubre del 2016 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Los selladores dentales, que se aplican poco después de que les salgan las muelas permanentes a los niños, pueden protegerlos contra las caries hasta por nueve años. Aplicarles los selladores dentales a los niños de bajos ingresos en las escuelas podría ahorrar millones de dólares en costos de tratamientos.  Created: 10/18/2016 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 10/18/2016.

Tracing the Origins of Nitrogen Bearing Organics Toward Orion KL with Alma

Science.gov (United States)

Carroll, Brandon; Crockett, Nathan; Wilkins, Olivia H.; Bergin, Edwin; Blake, Geoffrey

2017-06-01

A comprehensive analysis of a broadband 1.2 THz wide spectral survey of the Orion Kleinmann-Low nebula (Orion KL) has shown that nitrogen bearing complex organics trace systematically hotter gas than O-bearing organics toward this source. The origin of this O/N dichotomy remains a mystery. If complex molecules originate from grain surfaces, N-bearing species may be more difficult to remove from grain surfaces than O-bearing organics. Theoretical studies, however, have shown that hot (T=300 K) gas phase chemistry can produce high abundances of N-bearing organics while suppressing the formation of O-bearing complex molecules. In order to distinguish these distinct formation pathways we have obtained extremely high angular resolution observations of methyl cyanide (CH_3CN) using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) toward Orion KL. By simultaneously imaging ^{13}CH_3CN and CH_2DCN we map the temperature structure and D/H ratio of CH_3CN. We will present updated results of these observations and discuss their implications for the formation of N-bearing organics in the interstellar medium.

Implementing Kanban for agile process management within the ALMA Software Operations Group

Science.gov (United States)

Reveco, Johnny; Mora, Matias; Shen, Tzu-Chiang; Soto, Ruben; Sepulveda, Jorge; Ibsen, Jorge

2014-07-01

After the inauguration of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), the Software Operations Group in Chile has refocused its objectives to: (1) providing software support to tasks related to System Integration, Scientific Commissioning and Verification, as well as Early Science observations; (2) testing the remaining software features, still under development by the Integrated Computing Team across the world; and (3) designing and developing processes to optimize and increase the level of automation of operational tasks. Due to their different stakeholders, each of these tasks presents a wide diversity of importances, lifespans and complexities. Aiming to provide the proper priority and traceability for every task without stressing our engineers, we introduced the Kanban methodology in our processes in order to balance the demand on the team against the throughput of the delivered work. The aim of this paper is to share experiences gained during the implementation of Kanban in our processes, describing the difficulties we have found, solutions and adaptations that led us to our current but still evolving implementation, which has greatly improved our throughput, prioritization and problem traceability.

Determinación del comportamiento bajo cargas concentradas de perfiles de lámina delgada ( MM

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Maritzabel Molina Herrera

2006-09-01

Full Text Available En el campo de la lámina delgada continuamente aparecen nuevos tipos de perfiles que son desarrollados con el objeto de mejorar los ya existentes. Un ejemplo de esto es la aparición del perfil M, elaborado para melorar la eficiencia a corte del perfil C y su resistencia al arrugamiento del alma por efecto de cargas concentradas. Teóricamente, se logra el objetivo de mejorar la resistencia a corte del perfil C y de algún modo su resistencia al arrugamiento del alma, pero debido a los dobleces generados en el alma (rigidizadores intermedios para acortar la longitud de pandeo, se producen comportamientos que desde el punto de vista de esfuerzos por flexión y deflexiones no pueden ser analizados con los fundamentos teóricos de la mecánica tradicional. Este comporta- miento se ve acentuado con la presencia de cargas concentradas. Por la razón expuesta anteriormente, a parte de la determinación de la resistencia teórica del perfil M (basada en el AISI 1996, se desarrollan pruebas sobre cuatro modelos de los que se obtienen tópicos como: carga máxima resistida, identificación visual del posible tipo de falla, deflexiones (centro de la luz y deformaciones unitarias (x, y, xy, y adicionalmente se elaboran modelos matemáticos simplificados y por elementos finitos (en el programa COSMOS/M, con el fin de hacer una revisión detallada del comportamiento de los esfuerzos y deformaciones en el perfil. La calibración de estos modelos se lleva a cabo con base en los resultados obtenidos de los ensayos. De otra parte, se hacen pruebas cíclicas balo cargas pseudoestáticas, con el objeto de estudiar el comportamiento histerético del perfil MM, con y sin rigidizadores.

Espacio público informal. Apreciaciones sobre la infraestructura y los espacios de uso colectivo en el campamento de Pudeto Bajo de Ancud

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Cristian Silva

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Una dimensión de los espacios públicos poco abordada, es la presente en los asentamientos urbanos informales, campamentos o barriadas. Aquí, el espacio público se presenta como un lugar socialmente compartido pero además, como una infraestructura funcional a los mecanismos de sobrevivencia. En el caso del campamento de Pudeto Bajo en Ancud se puede apreciar claramente la dimensión operativa de estos espacios públicos vinculados a las actividades laborales u oficios, tales como la pesca artesanal, accesos compartidos a las viviendas, lugares de acopio de materias primas o herramientas de pesca o como simples patios de juego o traspaso. Al mismo tiempo los espacios públicos de mayor escala se presentan en los bordes, como fronteras entre el campamento y la ciudad actuando como amortiguadores de una relación urbana muchas veces compleja e incluso conflictiva. El rol de estas categorías espaciales es fundamental para el desarrollo del asentamiento: por una parte los espacios públicos interiores vinculados al trabajo evita la generación de espacios en desuso y abandono, y por otra parte los espacios públicos de frontera median la tensión inherente entre las formas de producción urbana informal y la ciudad formal o planificada.

Gravitationally Unstable Condensations Revealed by ALMA in the TUKH122 Prestellar Core in the Orion A Cloud

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Ohashi, Satoshi; Sanhueza, Patricio; Sakai, Nami; Kandori, Ryo; Choi, Minho; Hirota, Tomoya; Nguyễn-Lu’o’ng, Quang; Tatematsu, Ken’ichi

2018-04-01

We have investigated the TUKH122 prestellar core in the Orion A cloud using ALMA 3 mm dust continuum, N2H+ (J = 1‑0), and CH3OH ({J}K={2}K-{1}K) molecular-line observations. Previous studies showed that TUKH122 is likely on the verge of star formation because the turbulence is almost dissipated and chemically evolved among other starless cores in the Orion A cloud. By combining ALMA 12 m and ACA data, we recover extended emission with a resolution of ∼5″ corresponding to 0.01 pc and identify six condensations with a mass range of 0.1–0.4 M ⊙ and a radius of ≲0.01 pc. These condensations are gravitationally bound following a virial analysis and are embedded in the filament, including the elongated core with a mass of ∼29 M ⊙ and a radial density profile of r ‑1.6 derived by Herschel. The separation of these condensations is ∼0.035 pc, consistent with the thermal Jeans length at a density of 4.4 × 105 cm‑3. This density is similar to the central part of the core. We also find a tendency for the N2H+ molecule to deplete at the dust peak condensation. This condensation may be beginning to collapse because the line width becomes broader. Therefore, the fragmentation still occurs in the prestellar core by thermal Jeans instability, and multiple stars are formed within the TUKH122 prestellar core. The CH3OH emission shows a large shell-like distribution and surrounds these condensations, suggesting that the CH3OH molecule formed on dust grains is released into the gas phase by nonthermal desorption such as photoevaporation caused by cosmic-ray-induced UV radiation.

revealing H{sub 2}D{sup +} depletion and compact structure in starless and protostellar cores with ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Friesen, R. K. [Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4 (Canada); Di Francesco, J. [National Research Council Canada, Radio Astronomy Program, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7 (Canada); Bourke, T. L. [Radio and Geoastronomy Division, Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, MS-42, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Caselli, P. [Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching (Germany); Jørgensen, J. K. [Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø. (Denmark); Pineda, J. E. [Institute for Astronomy, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, CH-8093 Zürich (Switzerland); Wong, M., E-mail: friesen@dunlap.utoronto.ca [University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 (Canada)

2014-12-10

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the submillimeter dust continuum and H{sub 2}D{sup +} 1{sub 10}-1{sub 11} emission toward two evolved, potentially protostellar cores within the Ophiuchus molecular cloud, Oph A SM1 and SM1N. The data reveal small-scale condensations within both cores, with mass upper limits of M ≲ 0.02 M {sub ☉} (∼20 M {sub Jup}). The SM1 condensation is consistent with a nearly symmetric Gaussian source with a width of only 37 AU. The SM1N condensation is elongated and extends 500 AU along its major axis. No evidence for substructure is seen in either source. A Jeans analysis indicates that these sources are unlikely to fragment, suggesting that both will form single stars. H{sub 2}D{sup +} is only detected toward SM1N, offset from the continuum peak by ∼150-200 AU. This offset may be due to either heating from an undetected, young, low-luminosity protostellar source or first hydrostatic core, or HD (and consequently H{sub 2}D{sup +}) depletion in the cold center of the condensation. We propose that SM1 is protostellar and that the condensation detected by ALMA is a warm (T ∼ 30-50 K) accretion disk. The less concentrated emission of the SM1N condensation suggests that it is still starless, but we cannot rule out the presence of a low-luminosity source, perhaps surrounded by a pseudodisk. These data observationally reveal the earliest stages of the formation of circumstellar accretion regions and agree with theoretical predictions that disk formation can occur very early in the star formation process, coeval with or just after the formation of a first hydrostatic core or protostar.

Los peligros volcánicos del Arenal

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Sjöbohm Castillo, Linda Marie

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudio fue realizado con el fin de establecer los riesgos asociados al volcán Arenal y la realización y utilización de los mapas de peligros volcánicos en la planificación de las áreas circundantes. Contiene información histórica de la actividad del volcán. Presenta los objetivos fundamentales de la producción de los mapas. Identifica los tipos de peligros que presenta el volcán en la actualidad y finalmente, informa sobre la construcción de los mapas de peligros volcánicos, tanto el de corto plazo como el de largo plazo This study was developed with the purpose of establishing the risks related to the Arenal Volcano and the development and use of volcanic danger maps in the planning of the areas around. It includes historic information about the volcano activity. It presents the main objective of doing the maps. It identifies the types of dangers the volcano presents in these days. Finally, it informs about the development of volcanic dangers maps, at short and long term

LOS HUMEDALES ANTE EL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO

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Bárbaro V. Moya

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Las emisiones antropogénicas y naturales a la atmósfera, al aumento de concentración de gases de efecto invernadero, el calentamiento global, el cambio climático y el cambio global son hoy situaciones muy preocupantes para la comunidad científica internacional. Las vulnerabilidades, los impactos y las medidas de adaptación a escenarios futuros del clima, son una prioridad para la que ya vienen trabajando científicos y especialistas. Los humedales, ecosistemas con vulnerabilidad natural a los embates del clima, según el tercer informe del IPCC, han sido poco estudiados en su relación con el cambio del clima. Recientemente Ramsar ha solicitado al IPCC el desarrollo de un informe técnico sobre la relación de los humedales y el cambio climático, sin embargo, existe hoy una gama de conocimientos, que a pesar de las incertidumbres, permite tener un acercamiento a la acción del cambio climático sobre los humedales. En el presente estudio se muestra un análisis preliminar sobre vulnerabilidades, impactos y medidas de adaptación de los humedales al cambio climático.

ALMA DETECTION OF THE VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED HCN J = 4-3 EMISSION LINE IN THE AGN-HOSTING LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXY IRAS 20551–4250

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imanishi, Masatoshi [Subaru Telescope, 650 North A' ohoku Place, Hilo, Hawaii, 96720 (United States); Nakanishi, Kouichiro, E-mail: masa.imanishi@nao.ac.jp [Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura 763-0355, Santiago de Chile (Chile)

2013-10-01

We present results from our ALMA Cycle 0 observations, at the frequencies around the HCN, HCO{sup +}, and HNC J = 4-3 transition lines, of the luminous infrared galaxy IRAS 20551–4250 at z = 0.043, which is known to host an energetically important obscured active galactic nucleus (AGN). In addition to the targeted HCN, HCO{sup +}, and HNC J = 4-3 emission lines, two additional strong emission lines are seen, which we attribute to H{sub 2}S and CH{sub 3}CN(+CCH). The HCN-to-HCO{sup +} J = 4-3 flux ratio (∼0.7) is higher than in the other starburst-dominated galaxy (∼0.2) observed in our ALMA Cycle 0 program. We tentatively (∼5σ) detected the vibrationally excited (v {sub 2} = 1) HCN J = 4-3 (l = 1f) emission line, which is important for testing an infrared radiative pumping scenario for HCN. This is the second detection of this molecular transition in external galaxies. The most likely reason for this detection is not only the high flux of this emission line, but also the small molecular line widths observed in this galaxy, suggesting that vibrational excitation of HCN may be relatively common in AGN-hosting galaxies.

Quistes de los maxilares

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Ivan Alberto Manotas Arevalo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Los Grandes Quistes de los Maxilares han estado vinculados siempre a la humanidad, desde tiempos remotos, pues han sido halladas en restos de especimenes fosiles, han llamado la atencion de los clínicos, en torno a su etiologia, en la que se ha introducido la participacion de la genetica, (demostrada en el desarrollo de los queratoquistes maxilares, la fisiopatologia, caracteristicas histologicas (inmunohistoquimica, posibilidades diagnosticas por la imagen, (como la tomografia computarizada y la resonancia nuclear magnetica y otras pruebas. Además llaman la atención al estudio, por sus alternativas de manejo especialmente las formas radicales, y el analisis de asociaciones a otras patolo-gias benignas y malignas, y de la recurrencia muy alto de algunas de estas lesiones. Mucho se ha desarrollado para elucidar su naturaleza real, estadificar adecuadamente la lesion descartando asocia-ciones patologicas sindromicas, indicar un tratamiento apropiado, y realizar seguimientos a largo plazo. Este articulo pretende recaudar una information general que de parametros para abordar el estudio de los quistes maxilares a partir de la presentacion de un caso clinico.

Diseño ergonómico de los puestos ocupacionales para el laboratorio de informática de la carrera de Diseño

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MSc. Ana Isabel Córdova Torres

2018-01-01

Full Text Available El trabajo que se presenta a continuación está enfocado en mejoras para el laboratorio de Informática. La investigación se sustenta en la problemática encontrada en sus instalaciones, debido a las falencias existentes en el aula, y el no contar con recursos necesarios para la enseñanza, se convierte en un lugar inadecuado para recibir clases. El enfoque principal está en los puestos ocupacionales de los usuarios y el ambiente, los cuales no favorecen para mantener la postura correcta frente al computador, generando a futuro problemas lumbares, Escoliosis y otros. Como soporte del inconveniente encontrado se realizó el levantamiento de información con fuentes de investigación primaria, y por medio de encuestas se verificó la inconformidad de los estudiantes. El análisis de los datos permitió trabajar de manera generalizada en la propuesta y establecer recomendaciones, conclusiones para adecuación total del laboratorio, contribuyendo de esta forma con estrategias para mejorar sus instalaciones y precautelar la salud de los usuarios

Malaria control in the African Region: perceptions and viewspoints on proceedings of the Africa Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA

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Sambo Luis

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background In 2009 a total of 153,408 malaria deaths were reported in Africa. Eleven countries showed a reduction of more than 50% in either confirmed malaria cases or malaria admissions and deaths in recent years. However, many African countries are not on track to achieve the malaria component of the Millennium Development Goal (MDG 6. The African Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA working session at the 15th African Union Summit discussed the bottlenecks to achieving MDG 6 (specifically halting and beginning to reverse the incidence of malaria by 2015, success factors, and what countries needed to do to accelerate achievement of the MDG. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the proceedings of the ALMA working session. Methods Working methods of the session included speeches and statements by invited speakers and high-level panel discussions. Discussion The main bottlenecks identified related to the capacity of the health systems to deliver quality care and accessibility issues; need for strong, decentralized malaria-control programmes with linkages with other health and development sectors, the civil society and private sector entities; benefits of co-implementation of malaria control programmes with child survival or other public health interventions; systematic application of integrated promotive, preventive, diagnostic and case management interventions with full community participation; adapting approaches to local political, socio-cultural and administrative environments. The following prerequisites for success were identified: a clear vision and effective leadership of national malaria control programmes; high level political commitment to ensure adequate capacity in expertise, skill mix and number of managers, technicians and service providers; national ownership, intersectoral collaboration and accountability, as well as strong civil society and private sector involvement; functional epidemiological surveillance systems

Información sobre las secuelas y futuros riesgos para los sobrevivientes de retinoblastoma Information on late effects and future risks for retinoblastoma survivors

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Laura Schwartz

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Los índices de sobrevida de los pacientes con cáncer en la infancia han aumentado en las últimas décadas. Se observan secuelas como consecuencia de esta enfermedad y su tratamiento. Los sobrevivientes de retinoblastoma presentan efectos adversos como consecuencia de la cirugía, la radioterapia y la quimioterapia. Las formas bilaterales irradiadas presentan un riesgo aumentado de desarrollar un segundo cáncer. Tanto los casos que presentaron retinoblastoma unilateral o bilateral pueden transmitir esta enfermedad a su descendencia. El diagnóstico de este tumor es excepcional después de los 4 años de edad y no se sabe claramente qué conocimiento tienen estos sobrevivientes del diagnóstico, del tratamiento y de los futuros riesgos. El consentimiento informado y el posterior resumen de historia clínica no aclaran demasiado a los padres. Los pacientes curados de retinoblastoma se verían beneficiados con un seguimiento prolongado en las instituciones en que fueron tratados, ya que les permitiría recibir información acerca de lo padecido, del tratamiento, de los riesgos y se podrían identificar las consecuencias posteriores de la enfermedad y su tratamiento.The survival rates of childhood cancer have increased in the past few decades. Late consequences related to the cancer and the treatment are observed. The late effects in retinoblastoma survivors are related to the surgery, the radiotherapy and the chemotherapy. Patients with irradiated bilateral retinoblastoma are at high risk to develop a second cancer. Survivors of bilateral or unilateral forms could transmit this disease to their offspring. The diagnosis of retinoblastoma is exceptional after 4 years of age, and it is not clear whether these survivors have knowledge of their diagnosis, treatment and future risks. The informed consent and the summary of the clinical histories do not help to clarify the situation. It will be of great benefit for the patients cured of retinoblastoma

Homogeneous Analysis of the Dust Morphology of Transition Disks Observed with ALMA: Investigating Dust Trapping and the Origin of the Cavities

Science.gov (United States)

Pinilla, P.; Tazzari, M.; Pascucci, I.; Youdin, A. N.; Garufi, A.; Manara, C. F.; Testi, L.; van der Plas, G.; Barenfeld, S. A.; Canovas, H.; Cox, E. G.; Hendler, N. P.; Pérez, L. M.; van der Marel, N.

2018-05-01

We analyze the dust morphology of 29 transition disks (TDs) observed with Atacama Large (sub-)Millimeter Array (ALMA) at (sub-)millimeter emission. We perform the analysis in the visibility plane to characterize the total flux, cavity size, and shape of the ring-like structure. First, we found that the M dust–M ⋆ relation is much flatter for TDs than the observed trends from samples of class II sources in different star-forming regions. This relation demonstrates that cavities open in high (dust) mass disks, independent of the stellar mass. The flatness of this relation contradicts the idea that TDs are a more evolved set of disks. Two potential reasons (not mutually exclusive) may explain this flat relation: the emission is optically thick or/and millimeter-sized particles are trapped in a pressure bump. Second, we discuss our results of the cavity size and ring width in the context of different physical processes for cavity formation. Photoevaporation is an unlikely leading mechanism for the origin of the cavity of any of the targets in the sample. Embedded giant planets or dead zones remain as potential explanations. Although both models predict correlations between the cavity size and the ring shape for different stellar and disk properties, we demonstrate that with the current resolution of the observations, it is difficult to obtain these correlations. Future observations with higher angular resolution observations of TDs with ALMA will help discern between different potential origins of cavities in TDs.

ALMA Images of the Orion Hot Core at 349 GHz

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wright, M. C. H.; Plambeck, R. L., E-mail: wright@astro.berkeley.edu [Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)

2017-07-10

We present ALMA images of the dust and molecular line emission in the Orion Hot Core at 349 GHz. At 0.″2 angular resolution the images reveal multiple clumps in an arc ∼1″ east of Orion Source I, the protostar at the center of the Kleinmann–Low Nebula, and another chain of peaks from IRc7 toward the southwest. The molecular line images show narrow filamentary structures at velocities >10 km s{sup −1} away from the heavily resolved ambient cloud velocity ∼5 km s{sup −1}. Many of these filaments trace the SiO outflow from Source I, and lie along the edges of the dust emission. Molecular line emission at excitation temperatures 300–2000 K, and velocities >10 km s{sup −1} from the ambient cloud, suggest that the Hot Core may be heated in shocks by the outflow from Source I or from the Becklin–Neugebauer (BN)/SrcI explosion. The spectral line observations also reveal a remarkable molecular ring, ∼2″ south of SrcI, with a diameter ∼600 au. The ring is seen in high-excitation transitions of HC{sub 3}N, HCN v 2 = 1, and SO{sub 2}. An impact of ejecta from the BN/SrcI explosion with a dense dust clump could result in the observed ring of shocked material.

An ALMA Survey of DCN/H{sup 13}CN and DCO{sup +}/H{sup 13}CO{sup +} in Protoplanetary Disks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huang, Jane; Öberg, Karin I.; Qi, Chunhua; Andrews, Sean M.; Guzmán, Viviana V.; Loomis, Ryan A.; Wilner, David J. [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Aikawa, Yuri; Furuya, Kenji [Center for Computational Sciences, The University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577 (Japan); Van Dishoeck, Ewine F., E-mail: jane.huang@cfa.harvard.edu [Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden (Netherlands)

2017-02-01

The deuterium enrichment of molecules is sensitive to their formation environment. Constraining patterns of deuterium chemistry in protoplanetary disks is therefore useful for probing how material is inherited or reprocessed throughout the stages of star and planet formation. We present ALMA observations at ∼0.″6 resolution of DCO{sup +}, H{sup 13}CO{sup +}, DCN, and H{sup 13}CN in the full disks around T Tauri stars AS 209 and IM Lup, in the transition disks around T Tauri stars V4046 Sgr and LkCa 15, and in the full disks around Herbig Ae stars MWC 480 and HD 163296. We also present ALMA observations of HCN in the IM Lup disk. DCN, DCO{sup +}, and H{sup 13}CO{sup +} are detected in all disks, and H{sup 13}CN in all but the IM Lup disk. We find efficient deuterium fractionation for the sample, with estimates of disk-averaged DCO{sup +}/HCO{sup +} and DCN/HCN abundance ratios ranging from ∼0.02–0.06 and ∼0.005–0.08, respectively, which is comparable to values reported for other interstellar environments. The relative distributions of DCN and DCO{sup +} vary between disks, suggesting that multiple formation pathways may be needed to explain the diverse emission morphologies. In addition, gaps and rings observed in both H{sup 13}CO{sup +} and DCO{sup +} emission provide new evidence that DCO{sup +} bears a complex relationship with the location of the midplane CO snowline.

Relationships between nutrients and chlorophyll a concentration in the international Alma Gol Wetland, Iran

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saeed Balali

2013-05-01

Full Text Available This study investigated the relationships between nutrients and chlorophyll, a concentration in the International Alma Gol Wetland. Chlorophyll a is the major photosynthetic pigment in lots of phytoplanktons and has been used as a trophy index in aquatic ecosystems. Water samples were collected fortnightly from five stations in the wetland during summer and autumn. Chlorophyll-a ranged between 4.38 to 156.55 mg/m3, sulfate ranged between 138 to 190 mg/l, total alkalinity ranged between 80 to 280 mg/l, silica ranged between 3.80 to 35.00 mg/l, phosphate ranged between 0.02 to 3.70 mg/l, ammonia ranged between 0.10 to 11.90 mg/l, nitrate ranged between 0.01 to 2.75 mg/l and nitrite ranged between 0.01 to 0.39 mg/l. There was a significant correlation between chlorophyll a and nitrate, nitrite and ammonia but there was no significant correlation between chlorophyll a and silica, total alkalinity, sulfate and phosphorus.

El dolor, quinto signo vital

OpenAIRE

Universidad del Rosario, Programa de Divulgación Científica

2006-01-01

Las heridas producidas por trauma a causa del proyectil de un arma de fuego en los enfrentamientos bélicos que se ven a diario en la prensa, las lesiones por elementos contundentes en riñas, las amputaciones derivadas de las lesiones de guerra y el dolor del alma de aquellas personas que pierden a sus seres queridos, son algunos de los focos de dolor a los que se enfrentan cientos de colombianos. El sufrimiento por dolor es un problema de salud pública. En los Estados Unidos más de 300 mi...

Composição florística da floresta estacional decídua montana de Serra das Almas, CE, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Lima,Jacira Rabelo; Sampaio,Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto; Rodal,Maria Jesus Nogueira; Araújo,Francisca Soares

2009-01-01

No domínio semi-árido brasileiro, a flora das bacias sedimentares ainda é pouco conhecida, mas os levantamentos já existentes indicam que há grande heterogeneidade florística e fisionômica. Mesmo áreas geográficas próximas podem apresentar dissimilaridade florística. Visando testar esta hipótese, a composição florística e o espectro biológico da floresta estacional decídua de Serra das Almas, estado do Ceará, foram analisados e comparados com os de 14 áreas sedimentares no Nordeste. Foram enc...

Signos Vitales de los CDC Cómo prevenir los brotes de norovirus (Vital Signs-Preventing Norovirus Outbreaks)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2014-06-03

Este podcast se basa en la edición de junio del 2014 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Los norovirus infectan cada año a cerca de 20 millones de personas en los Estados Unidos. Sepa cómo protegerse y proteger a su familia de esta enfermedad que es muy contagiosa y potencialmente grave.  Created: 6/3/2014 by National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD).   Date Released: 6/3/2014.

A desmaterialização do corpo: da alma (analógica à informação (digital

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Sibilia

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Apresenta-se aqui uma reflexão acerca da persistência da visão dualista do ser humano: a possibilidade de uma subjetividade descarnada, uma idéia perfeitamente datada, parece continuar vigente na sociedade contemporânea. Se até pouco tempo atrás os corpos eram aprisionados pela alma (uma entidade opaca e analógica, hoje é a informação digital que os amordaça e os torna manipuláveis. Essa informação imaterial que comanda os corpos assume diversas formas: do código genético aos circuitos cerebrais e à imagem do “corpo perfeito”.

Los españoles en los caminos del extremo norte del Perú en 1532

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1994-01-01

Full Text Available LES ESPAGNOLS SUR LES CHEMINS DE L'EXTRÊME NORD DU PÉROU EN 1532. À partir des relations des chroniqueurs qui ont accompagné Pizarro de Tumbes à Cajamarca, de la liste des tambos de 1543, des informations sur les caciques de 1548 et de la prospection des sites le long des chemins muletiers de l’extrême nord du Pérou, les routes incas de la côte et de la sierra par lesquelles sont passés les espagnols en 1532 ont été identifiées. On a repéré les centres administratifs et cérémoniels depuis lesquels les incas controlaient les caciques locaux des versants nord-ouest et sud-est des monts Amotape, des vallées du Chira et du Piura, sur la côte, et des hautes terres de Caxas et Huancabamba, ainsi que les tambos situés le long de ces routes. On a pu retrouver les maisons fortifiées et les villages des caciques de Pabur et Serrán dans la vallée du Piura. Finalement on a tenté de délimiter les terres et les canaux d’irrigation qui permettaient la produccion des differents cacicazgos. A partir de las relaciones de los cronistas que acompañaron a Pizarro de Tumbes a Cajamarca, de la lista de los tambos de 1543, de las informaciones sobre los caciques de 1548 y de la prospección de los sitios a lo largo de los caminos de herradura del extremo norte del Perú, se identificaron las rutas incaicas de la costa y de la sierra por las cuales pasaron los españoles en 1532. Se ubicaron los centros administrativos y ceremoniales desde los cuales los incas controlaban los caciques locales de las vertientes noroeste y sureste de los cerros de Amotape, de los valles de los ríos Chira y Piura, en la costa, y los de las serranías de Caxas y Huancabamba, así como los tambos ubicados a lo largo de estas rutas. Se logró encontrar las casas cercadas y los pueblos de los caciques de Pabur y Serrán en el valle del río Piura. Finalmente se intentó deslindar las tierras y los canales de irrigación que permitían la producción de los

Detection of CS in Neptune's atmosphere from ALMA observations

Science.gov (United States)

Moreno, R.; Lellouch, E.; Cavalié, T.; Moullet, A.

2017-12-01

Context. The large and vertically non-uniform abundance of CO in Neptune's atmosphere has been interpreted as the result of past cometary impact(s), either single or distributed in size and time, which could also be at the origin of Neptune's HCN. Aims: We aim to provide observational support for this scenario by searching for other comet-induced species, in particular carbon sulfide (CS) which has been observed continuously in Jupiter since the 1994 Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacts. Methods: In April 2016 we used the ALMA interferometer to search for CS(7-6) at 342.883 GHz in Neptune. Results: We report on the detection of CS in Neptune's atmosphere, the first unambiguous observation of a sulfur-bearing species in a giant planet beyond Jupiter. Carbon sulfide appears to be present only at submillibar levels, with a column density of (2.0-3.1) × 1012 cm-2, and a typical mixing ratio of (2-20) × 10-11 that depends on its precise vertical location. The favoured origin of CS is deposition by a putative large comet impact several centuries ago, and the strong depletion of CS with respect to CO - compared to the Jupiter case - is likely due to the CS sticking to aerosols or clustering to form polymers in Neptune's lower stratosphere. Conclusions: The CS detection, along with recent analyses of the CO profile, reinforces the presumption of a large comet impact into Neptune 1000 yr ago, that delivered CO, CS, and HCN at the same time.

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF HCN AND ITS ISOTOPOLOGUES ON TITAN

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molter, Edward M.; Nixon, C. A.; Cordiner, M. A.; Charnley, S. B.; Lindberg, J. E. [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Serigano, J. [Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States); Irwin, P. G. J. [Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Planetary Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU (United Kingdom); Teanby, N. A., E-mail: edward.m.molter@nasa.gov [School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ (United Kingdom)

2016-08-01

We present sub-millimeter spectra of HCN isotopologues on Titan, derived from publicly available ALMA flux calibration observations of Titan taken in early 2014. We report the detection of a new HCN isotopologue on Titan, H{sup 13}C{sup 15}N, and confirm an earlier report of detection of DCN. We model high signal-to-noise observations of HCN, H{sup 13}CN, HC{sup 15}N, DCN, and H{sup 13}C{sup 15}N to derive abundances and infer the following isotopic ratios: {sup 12}C/{sup 13}C = 89.8 ± 2.8, {sup 14}N/{sup 15}N = 72.3 ± 2.2, D/H = (2.5 ± 0.2) × 10{sup −4}, and HCN/H{sup 13}C{sup 15}N = 5800 ± 270 (1 σ errors). The carbon and nitrogen ratios are consistent with and improve on the precision of previous results, confirming a factor of ∼2.3 elevation in {sup 14}N/{sup 15}N in HCN compared to N{sub 2} and a lack of fractionation in {sup 12}C/{sup 13}C from the protosolar value. This is the first published measurement of D/H in a nitrile species on Titan, and we find evidence for a factor of ∼2 deuterium enrichment in hydrogen cyanide compared to methane. The isotopic ratios we derive may be used as constraints for future models to better understand the fractionation processes occurring in Titan’s atmosphere.

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE HH 46/47 MOLECULAR OUTFLOW

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arce, Héctor G.; Mardones, Diego; Garay, Guido; Corder, Stuartt A.; Noriega-Crespo, Alberto; Raga, Alejandro C.

2013-01-01

The morphology, kinematics, and entrainment mechanism of the HH 46/47 molecular outflow were studied using new ALMA Cycle 0 observations. Results show that the blue and red lobes are strikingly different. We argue that these differences are partly due to contrasting ambient densities that result in different wind components having a distinct effect on the entrained gas in each lobe. A 29 point mosaic, covering the two lobes at an angular resolution of about 3'', detected outflow emission at much higher velocities than previous observations, resulting in significantly higher estimates of the outflow momentum and kinetic energy than previous studies of this source, using the CO(1-0) line. The morphology and the kinematics of the gas in the blue lobe are consistent with models of outflow entrainment by a wide-angle wind, and a simple model describes the observed structures in the position-velocity diagram and the velocity-integrated intensity maps. The red lobe exhibits a more complex structure, and there is evidence that this lobe is entrained by a wide-angle wind and a collimated episodic wind. Three major clumps along the outflow axis show velocity distribution consistent with prompt entrainment by different bow shocks formed by periodic mass ejection episodes which take place every few hundred years. Position-velocity cuts perpendicular to the outflow cavity show gradients where the velocity increases toward the outflow axis, inconsistent with outflow rotation. Additionally, we find evidence for the existence of a small outflow driven by a binary companion

Los niños y los videojuegos

OpenAIRE

Orrego Gaviria, Jaime; Fundación Valle de Lili

2007-01-01

Los niños y los videojuegos / Efectos perjudiciales de la utilización de los videojuegos por los niños y adolescentes/ Efectos benéficos de la de la utilización de los videojuegos por los niños y adolescentes/ Recomendaciones para favorecer el uso adecuado/ Sistema de clasificación de los videojuegos

As vivências do cuidador informal do idoso dependente Las experiencias de los cuidadores informales de ancianos dependientes The experiences of informal caregivers of dependent elderly

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dídia Carolina Miranda Cruz

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Numa sociedade cada vez mais envelhecida, onde se verifica um aumento significativo das necessidades em saúde dos idosos, emerge como foco de atenção o cuidado informal à pessoa idosa dependente, cuja responsabilidade cabe prioritariamente à família. Cuidar de quem cuida é uma responsabilidade e deverá ser uma preocupação de todos os profissionais de saúde, em especial dos Enfermeiros, devendo ser a sua intervenção centrada no equilíbrio da dinâmica cuidador/idoso. Este equilíbrio é facilmente perturbado pelo cuidado informal ao idoso dependente, motivo pelo qual elaborámos o presente artigo com o objectivo de descrever as vivências sentidas pelo cuidador informal, encontradas na produção científica disponível. A pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: CINAHL, MedicLatina, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection; Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal; The Cochrane Library, DynaMed; SciELO; e Google Scholar, conduzindo a uma amostra de 17 estudos primários e uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Os principais resultados encontrados evidenciam alguns eixos, em torno dos quais se constroem as vivências do cuidador informal do idoso dependente, nomeadamente: os motivos de aceitação do papel; as dificuldades; as estratégias de coping; os factores relacionados com a sobrecarga e as fontes de satisfação que advêm do acto de cuidar.En una sociedad cada vez más envejecida, donde hay un aumento significativo de las necesidades de salud de las personas mayores, surge como un foco de atención informal a la persona mayor dependiente, cuya responsabilidad corresponde principalmente a la familia. El cuidado del cuidador es una responsabilidad y debe ser una preocupación para todos los profesionales de la salud, especialmente las enfermeras, su intervención debe centrarse en el equilibrio dinámico del cuidador / anciano. Este equilibrio se altera fácilmente por el cuidado

LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL FORMAL EN EL CONTEXTO SOCIAL DE LA EDUCACIÓN INFORMAL Y DE LOS MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Quintanar Medina

2013-10-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se analiza la contradicción que hay entre la educación ambiental formal y los medios de comunicación potenciados actualmente por las tecnologías de información y comunicación, reflejo de la contradicción entre lo que debe promover este tipo de educación y lo que propugna la ideología dominante en gran parte de los países de América Latina. Lo anterior se fundamenta en la naturaleza política de la educación en general y de la educación ambiental en particular. Se muestra que la educación ambiental, sobre todo la formal, se ve fuertemente afectada por los medios de comunicación a través de la cada vez más importante fuente de socialización: la educación informal.

Calidad y características de los sitios web de los hospitales españoles de gran tamaño

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Calvo-Calvo, Manuel Ángel

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The objective is to assess the quality and describe characteristics of websites of large Spanish hospitals, i.e. minimum 500 beds. Cross-sectional descriptive study is made, to evaluate the global quality, accessibility, usability, interactivity, updating, quality model and information given in 53 different websites belonging to Spanish hospitals with more than 500 beds. Only 22 (41.5% of the websites analyzed fall into the upper half of the scale used. As such, the mean quality of these websites is shown to be low. On one hand, both accessibility and usability of the evaluated websites were notable, with specific sections for health professionals and hospital suppliers. On the other, the websites were characterized by a limited incorporation of tools for interacting with users, a poor presentation of information about health, diseases, waiting lists and care activities, as well as a deficient updating of their content and almost no adherence to quality references. In short, the websites of large Spanish hospitals are simple informational spaces that don’t facilitate the interaction, participation and collaboration of hospital users. In conclusion, websites of large Spanish hospitals, in addition to being informative spaces, should facilitate more interaction, participation and collaboration with hospital users.El objetivo es evaluar la calidad y describir las características de los sitios web de los hospitales españoles con más de 500 camas. Estudio descriptivo, observacional, de corte transversal, que evalúa la calidad de 53 sitios web de hospitales españoles con más de 500 camas. Se analizan la accesibilidad, usabilidad, interactividad, actualización de la información, referentes de calidad y contenidos presentados en los sitios web. Sólo 22 (41,5% de las webs estudiadas superaron la mitad de los puntos posibles. Por tanto, como media, la calidad de las webs de los grandes hospitales españoles analizados es baja. Las webs

Investigación en Progreso: Estudio Comparativo de la Incidencia de los Lenguajes de Programación en la Productividad Informática

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mauricio R. Dávila

2017-01-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad existe una gran diversidad de lenguajes de programación y a menudo esto dificulta la tarea de seleccionar el lenguaje adecuado para desarrollar una solución determinada. Este estudio se centrara en analizar uno de los factores que afecta la productividad, el referido al lenguaje de programación, siendo el objetivo de la investigación elaborar un procedimiento que permita realizar estudios comparativos sobre la incidencia de los lenguajes de programación en la productividad informática.

A peregrinação da alma no Scivias de Hildegard de Bingen: criação, queda, redenção e salvação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Carmen Gomes Martiniano de Oliveira

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Hildegard de Bingen, religiosa beneditina que viveu no século XII, alegava ter escrito sua primeira obra, o Scivias, obedecendo a um "comando divino" que ela teria recebido em uma de suas visões espirituais. Segundo Hildegard, essas visões a acompanhavam desde sua infância, e nelas ela recebia mensagens "divinas". O Scivias, escrito entre 1141 e 1151, consistia, de acordo com Hildegard, na transcrição dessas mensagens e era uma obra com ensinamentos em ortodoxia doutrinária. A obra, contendo as visões de Hildegard, é dividida em três partes de tamanho desigual que tratam respectivamente da criação e queda (primeira parte, da redenção e da salvação. Este artigo visa a analisar a quarta visão da primeira parte do Scivias em que Hildegard narra a peregrinação de uma alma pecadora. A caminhada dessa alma é interessante à medida que sintetiza, em sua jornada, as etapas doutrinárias cristãs trabalhadas em todo o Scivias, a saber, criação, queda, redenção e salvação.

Políticas de información en los Servicios de Documentación en las empresas televisivas = Information Policy in the Documentation Services in the TV Companies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Caldera-Serrano

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Se identifican y analizan las principales herramientas normativas y políticas de información con las que deben contar los servicios de documentación de las cadenas televisivas con el fin de lograr el objetivo principal de facilitar la información audiovisual requerida por los periodistas. Las normativas/políticas analizadas son relacionadas con la descripción del material audiovisual, con los criterios de selección de la información audiovisual para que formen parte de la colección de la cadena, las normas de acceso y uso de los contenidos audiovisuales, las normas que regulan la conservación de la información, las directrices éticas y deontológicas y, por último, las normas de utilización del software de gestión documental = This research identifies and analyzes the main tools of regulation and information policies that documentation services from television stations must have in order to achieve the main objective of facilitating audiovisual information required by journalists. Regulations/policies analyzed are related with description of audiovisual material, the criteria for selection of audiovisual information to become part of the collection of the chain, the rules of access and use of audiovisual content, the rules that regulate the preservation of information, ethical and deontological professional guidelines, and finally, the regulations for the use of software for document management.

Geographic Information System (GIS) Emergency Support for the May 2000 Cerro Grande Wildfire, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

C.R.Mynard; G.N.Keating; P.M.Rich; D.R. Bleakly

2003-05-01

In May 2000 the Cerro Grande wildfire swept through Los Alamos, New Mexico, burning approximately 17,400 ha (43,000 acres) and causing evacuation of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and the communities of Los Alamos and White Rock. An integral part of emergency response during the fire was the use of geographic information system (GIS) technology, which continues to be used in support of post-fire restoration and environmental monitoring. During the fire Laboratory GIS staff and volunteers from other organizations worked to produce maps and provide support for emergency managers, including at an emergency GIS facility in Santa Fe. Subsequent to the fire, Laboratory GIS teams supported the multiagency Burned Area Emergency Rehabilitation (BAER) team to provide GIS data and maps for planning mitigation efforts. The GIS teams continue to help researchers, operations personnel, and managers deal with the tremendous changes caused by the fire. Much of the work is under the auspices of the Cerro Grande Rehabilitation Project (CGRP) to promote recovery from fire damage, improve information exchange, enhance emergency management, and conduct mitigation activities. GIS efforts during the fire provided important lessons about institutional matters, working relationships, and emergency preparedness. These lessons include the importance of (1) an integrated framework for assessing natural and human hazards in a landscape context; (2) a strong GIS capability for emergency response; (3) coordinated emergency plans for GIS operations; (4) a method for employees to report their whereabouts and receive authoritative information during an evacuation; (5) GIS data that are complete, backed-up, and available during an emergency; (6) adaptation of GIS to the circumstances of the emergency; (7) better coordination in the GIS community; (8) better integration of GIS into LANL operations; and (9) a central data warehouse for data and metadata. These lessons are important for planning

DA RELAÇÃO CORPO-ALMA À MENTE-CÉREBRO: A ANTROPOLOGIA CRISTÃ E AS NOVAS ANTROPOLOGIAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renato Alves de Oliveira

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar que a questão referente aos dois princípios metafísicos constitutivos da antropologia cristã, o corpo/matéria e a alma/espírito, e a forma de conceber a relação entre eles encontra-se presentes no subsolo das novas antropologias materialistas, mas com um novo verniz através da relação entre a mente e o cérebro. Para a antropologia cristã, a existência do binômio corpo-alma é uma questão resolvida. As discussões se concentram na forma de conceber a relação entre ambos os princípios. Analogamente, para algumas antropologias materialistas atuais, a existência da mente e do cérebro é uma questão fechada. Os confrontos encontram-se na forma de conceber as relações entre a mente e o cérebro: há uma identificação ou distinção entres ambas as realidades? A mente seria uma qualidade emergente do cérebro?   ABSTRACT: The purpose of this article is to show that the question concerning the two constituent metaphysical principles of Christian anthropology, body/matter and soul/spirit, and the way of conceiving the relationship between them is presente in the basement of the new materialist anthropologies, but with a new varnish through the relationship between mind and brain. For Christian anthropology, the existence of the binomial soul/body is a settled issue. The discussions focus on how to design the relationship between the two principles. Similarly, for some current materialistic anthropologies, the existence of the mind and the brain is a closed question. The clashes are the way of conceiving the relationship between mind and brain: Is there an identification or a distinction between the two realities? Would be the mind an emergent quality of the brain?

The Texts of the Agency's Relationship Agreements with Specialized Agencies; Texto de los Acuerdos de Relacignes del Organismo con los Organismos Especializados

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1960-09-19

The texts of the relationship agreements which the Agency has concluded with the specialized agencies listed below, together with the respective protocols authenticating them, are reproduced in this document in the order which the agreements entered into force, for the information of all Members of the Agency [Spanish] Para conocimiento de todos los Estados Miembros del Organismo, en este documento se reproducen, en el orden en que entraron en vigor, los textos de los acuerdos de relaciones que el OIEA ha concertado con los organismos especializados que a continuacion se enumeran, junto con los respectivos protocolos que les confieren autenticidad.

Signos Vitales de los CDC - Antibióticos recetados en los hospitales: Tenga cuidado (Antibiotic RX in Hospitals: Proceed with Caution)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2014-03-04

Este podcast se basa en la edición de marzo del 2014 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Los antibióticos salvan vidas, pero las malas prácticas al recetar medicamentos pueden poner a los pacientes en riesgo de presentar problemas de salud. Infórmese más sobre cómo proteger a los pacientes al preservar el poder de los antibióticos.  Created: 3/4/2014 by National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID).   Date Released: 3/4/2014.

ALMA observations of TiO2 around VY Canis Majoris

Science.gov (United States)

De Beck, E.; Vlemmings, W.; Muller, S.; Black, J. H.; O'Gorman, E.; Richards, A. M. S.; Baudry, A.; Maercker, M.; Decin, L.; Humphreys, E. M.

2015-08-01

Context. Titanium dioxide, TiO2, is a refractory species that could play a crucial role in the dust-condensation sequence around oxygen-rich evolved stars. To date, gas phase TiO2 has been detected only in the complex environment of the red supergiant VY CMa. Aims: We aim to constrain the distribution and excitation of TiO2 around VY CMa in order to clarify its role in dust formation. Methods: We analyse spectra and channel maps for TiO2 extracted from ALMA science verification data. Results: We detect 15 transitions of TiO2, and spatially resolve the emission for the first time. The maps demonstrate a highly clumpy, anisotropic outflow in which the TiO2 emission likely traces gas exposed to the stellar radiation field. An accelerating bipolar-like structure is found, oriented roughly east-west, of which the blue component runs into and breaks up around a solid continuum component. A distinct tail to the south-west is seen for some transitions, consistent with features seen in the optical and near-infrared. Conclusions: We find that a significant fraction of TiO2 remains in the gas phase outside the dust-formation zone and suggest that this species might play only a minor role in the dust-condensation process around extreme oxygen-rich evolved stars like VY CMa. Appendix A is available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

ETHYL CYANIDE ON TITAN: SPECTROSCOPIC DETECTION AND MAPPING USING ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cordiner, M. A.; Palmer, M. Y.; Nixon, C. A.; Charnley, S. B.; Mumma, M. J.; Serigano, J. [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Irwin, P. G. J. [Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU (United Kingdom); Teanby, N. A. [School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen’s Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ (United Kingdom); Kisiel, Z. [Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikøw 32/46, 02-668 Warszawa (Poland); Kuan, Y.-J.; Chuang, Y.-L. [National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan (China); Wang, K.-S., E-mail: martin.cordiner@nasa.gov [Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan (China)

2015-02-10

We report the first spectroscopic detection of ethyl cyanide (C{sub 2}H{sub 5}CN) in Titan’s atmosphere, obtained using spectrally and spatially resolved observations of multiple emission lines with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The presence of C{sub 2}H{sub 5}CN in Titan’s ionosphere was previously inferred from Cassini ion mass spectrometry measurements of C{sub 2}H{sub 5}CNH{sup +}. Here we report the detection of 27 rotational lines from C{sub 2}H{sub 5}CN (in 19 separate emission features detected at >3σ confidence) in the frequency range 222–241 GHz. Simultaneous detections of multiple emission lines from HC{sub 3}N, CH{sub 3}CN, and CH{sub 3}CCH were also obtained. In contrast to HC{sub 3}N, CH{sub 3}CN, and CH{sub 3}CCH, which peak in Titan’s northern (spring) hemisphere, the emission from C{sub 2}H{sub 5}CN is found to be concentrated in the southern (autumn) hemisphere, suggesting a distinctly different chemistry for this species, consistent with a relatively short chemical lifetime for C{sub 2}H{sub 5}CN. Radiative transfer models show that C{sub 2}H{sub 5}CN is most concentrated at altitudes ≳200 km, suggesting production predominantly in the stratosphere and above. Vertical column densities are found to be in the range (1–5) × 10{sup 14} cm{sup −2}.

Estudio descriptivo sobre la implicación de las familias en los cuidados de los ancianos institucionalizados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mª del Carmen Pérez Dorado

2014-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer la implicación en los cuidados de las familias en la Residencia de Ancianos San Juan de Dios de Sevilla. Estudio piloto de corte cuantitativo, descriptivo y con carácter observacional. Tras un proceso de muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia se ha conformado una muestra de 20 familiares de ancianos residentes, de los cuales 5 son hombres y 15 son mujeres. El instrumento para la recogida de datos es el cuestionario “Escala de sobrecarga del cuidador-Zarit”, y el análisis de datos se ha realizado mediante el programa estadístico SPSS 15.0. De los cuestionarios administrados, todos coinciden que la gran parte del cuidado de los ancianos la realiza el personal sanitario de la residencia, lo que implica que los resultados sean de no sobrecarga. Y afirman que el apoyo informal de los ancianos no cesa con la institucionalización. La implicación de los familiares en las residencias de ancianos cumple el objetivo de tener un papel colaborativo, en el que el familiar es la memoria y la voz de los ancianos que por el paso del tiempo o por la enfermedad que presentan no pueden responder a las dudas que les surgen a los profesionales sanitarios.

Salud de los ecosistemas y mensajes audiovisuales

OpenAIRE

Lanús, Claudio

2008-01-01

Informes científicos nos advierten acerca de la dramática situación que vive el planeta. Agujero en la capa de ozono, cambio climático, calentamiento global, derretimiento de los polos, son temas que están instalados en la agenda de los grandes medios, asociados a las actividades productivas de los últimos siglos. Este modelo de desarrollo que considera a la naturaleza un “almacén de recursos” ha planteado una forma de relación con el entorno en el que vivimos que pone en peligro la...

LOS MEDIOS INFORMÁTICOS: TRATAMIENTO PROCESAL

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Rodrigo Rivera-Morales

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La tecnificación en los últimos tiempos le ha prestado grandes servicios a la administración de justicia agilizando sus procedimientos y posibilitando un acceso más expedito a las leyes, a la doctrina y a la jurisprudencia. La administración de la justicia no puede dar la espalda a la realidad tecnológica y a las ventajas que de ella se desprenden. Es una realidad que la vida cotidiana social está impregnada del uso de las nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación. La gestión de los tribunales se apoya cada vez más en la informática. Se argumenta sobre el uso, la eficacia y la valoración de las pruebas soportadas en medios informáticos. En el presente trabajo se diferencian los medios en soporte electrónico y lo que pueden contener como fuente de prueba, además se indica cuáles son los requisitos de promoción, aportación y valoración que deben cumplir para que, como medio probatorio, sean utilizados en juicio y se garantice el debido proceso. Es un estudio documental de tipo conceptual y morfológico, empleando el derecho comparado.

PROTOPLANETARY DISKS IN THE ORION OMC1 REGION IMAGED WITH ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eisner, J. A.; Sheehan, P. D. [Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Bally, J. M. [Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, UCB 389, Boulder, CO 80309 (United States); Ginsburg, A., E-mail: jeisner@email.arizona.edu [ESO Headquarters, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei Munchen (Germany)

2016-07-20

We present ALMA observations of the Orion Nebula that cover the OMC1 outflow region. Our focus in this paper is on compact emission from protoplanetary disks. We mosaicked a field containing ∼600 near-IR-identified young stars, around which we can search for sub-millimeter emission tracing dusty disks. Approximately 100 sources are known proplyds identified with the Hubble Space Telescope . We detect continuum emission at 1 mm wavelengths toward ∼20% of the proplyd sample, and ∼8% of the larger sample of near-IR objects. The noise in our maps allows 4 σ detection of objects brighter than ∼1.5 mJy, corresponding to protoplanetary disk masses larger than 1.5 M {sub J} (using standard assumptions about dust opacities and gas-to-dust ratios). None of these disks are detected in contemporaneous CO(2-1) or C{sup 18}O(2-1) observations, suggesting that the gas-to-dust ratios may be substantially smaller than the canonical value of 100. Furthermore, since dust grains may already be sequestered in large bodies in Orion Nebula cluster (ONC) disks, the inferred masses of disk solids may be underestimated. Our results suggest that the distribution of disk masses in this region is compatible with the detection rate of massive planets around M dwarfs, which are the dominant stellar constituent in the ONC.

Signos Vitales de los CDC–La artritis en los Estados Unidos (Arthritis in America)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2017-03-07

Este podcast se basa en la edición de marzo del 2017 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Muchos adultos en los Estados Unidos tienen artritis. Infórmese sobre cómo reducir el dolor de la artritis y cómo manejar la afección.  Created: 3/7/2017 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 3/7/2017.

Los pobres­ -pobres

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Sheldon Annis

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente existen cerca de mil millones de personas pobres en el mundo. El Banco Mundial estima que 35 mil personas mueren de hambre cada día. En el mundo actual se distinguen tres tendencias: la africanización de la pobreza absoluta;La emergencia de una sub-clase de pobres del post-desarrollo y el Movimiento mundial informal unificado de los "relativamente pobres". Se refiere a la revolución informativa y los pobres en América Latina; habla del auge de la televisión; la computación y redes; nuevas políticas del Banco Mundial; acciones pro-pobres. Recuerda que los pobres también participan de la era de la información. A casi todos les llega la radio. Y poco a poco la televisión y las nuevas tecnologías.

Application of geographic information systems to waste minimization efforts at Los Alamos National Laboratory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lyttle, T.W.; Smith, D.M.; Burns, M.; Weinrach, J.B.

1993-01-01

At Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), facility waste streams tend to be small but highly diverse. Initial characterization of such waste streams is often difficult in part due to a lack of tools to assist the generators themselves in completing such assessments. A methodology has been developed at LANL to allow process knowledgeable field personnel to develop baseline waste generation assessments and to evaluate potential waste minimization technology. This Process Waste Assessment (PWA) system is an application constructed within the Process Modeling System and currently being integrated with the InFoCAD Geographic Information System (GIS) . The Process Modeling System (PMS) is an object-oriented, mass balance-based, discrete-event simulation framework written using the Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) . Analytical capabilities supported within the PWA system include: complete mass balance specifications, historical characterization of selected waste streams and generation of facility profiles for materials consumption, resource utilization and worker exposure. Development activities include integration with the LANL facilities management Geographic Information System (GIS) and provisions for a Best Available Technologies (BAT) database. The environments used to develop these assessment tools will be discussed in addition to a review of initial implementation results

DEGREDATION PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE WALLS WITH OPENINGS

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JULIAN CARRILLO

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se compara el comportamiento de cuatro muros aislados de concreto reforzado (CR con aberturas: dos muros prototipo ensayados bajo carga cuasi-estática cíclica (CEC y dos muros ensayados bajo excitación de mesa vibratoria. Las variables estudiadas fueron la cuantía de acero en el alma, el tipo de acero de refuerzo en el alma y el método de ensaye. A partir de la respuesta medida se verificó que la historia de carga de los ensayos CEC ignora los efectos dinámicos fundamentales observados en estructuras sometidas a cargas sísmicas. Cuando las respuestas dinámicas y CEC cíclicas se compararon, se observó que las propiedades de degradación de rigidez y resistencia dependen de la velocidad de aplicación de carga, los mecanismos de resistencia asociados a los modos de falla, el número de ciclos y los parámetros acumulados de la demanda de ductilidad y energía disipada. Por lo tanto, los datos obtenidos a partir de ensayos CEC no siempre se pueden suponer de forma segura como un límite inferior de la capacidad esperada. En el artículo también se proponen modelos de degradación de rigidez y resistencia para muros de CR con aberturas sometidos a carga del tipo sísmica.

Influencia de los sistemas de información en las organizaciones

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Diana Suárez López

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen:El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo resaltar el papel fundamental que tienen los sistemas de información en nuestras organizaciones, los impactos e influencia en cada área en las que implementamos estos sistemas para hacer más eficiente y eficaces los procesos administrativos, involucrando a todos los que conforman la organización. Por otra parte cómo puede una organización adquirir ventajas competitivas de las otras a través de los sistemas de información.Palabras Claves:Sistemas de Información, Tecnología, Organización, Internet, Competitividad.Abstract:The following article aims to highlight the fundamental role of information systems in our organizations, the impact and influence in each of the areas in which we implement these systems to create more efficient and effective administrative processes, involving all making up the organization. Moreover, this article also highlights how an organization can acquire competitive advantages from other organizations through information systems.Keywords:Information Systems, Technology, Organization, Internet, Competitiveness.

Measuring the Distribution and Excitation of Cometary CH3OH Using ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Cordiner, M. A.; Charnley, S. B.; Mumma, M. J.; Bockelée-Morvan, D.; Biver, N.; Villanueva, G.; Paganini, L.; Milam, S. N.; Remijan, A. J.; Lis, D. C.; Crovisier, J.; Boissier, J.; Kuan, Y.-J.; Coulson, I. M.

2016-10-01

The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) was used to obtain measurements of spatially and spectrally resolved CH3OH emission from comet C/2012 K1 (PanSTARRS) on 28-29 June 2014. Detection of 12-14 emission lines of CH3OH on each day permitted the derivation of spatially-resolved rotational temperature profiles (averaged along the line of sight), for the innermost 5000 km of the coma. On each day, the CH3OH distribution was centrally peaked and approximately consistent with spherically symmetric, uniform outflow. The azimuthally-averaged CH3OH rotational temperature (T rot) as a function of sky-projected nucleocentric distance (ρ), fell by about 40 K between ρ= 0 and 2500 km on 28 June, whereas on 29 June, T rot fell by about 50 K between ρ =0 km and 1500 km. A remarkable (~50 K) rise in T rot at ρ = 1500-2500 km on 29 June was not present on 28 June. The observed variations in CH3OH rotational temperature are interpreted primarily as a result of variations in the coma kinetic temperature due to adiabatic cooling, and heating through Solar irradiation, but collisional and radiative non-LTE excitation processes also play a role.

Clasificación del Contenido de los Informes de Sostenibilidad de Empresas Premiadas por sus Prácticas de Responsabilidad Socioambiental

OpenAIRE

Magdalena Inglês da Costa; Luciana Silva Torres; Alessandra Carvalho de Vasconcelos; Márcia Martins Mendes De Luca

2013-01-01

Dada la importancia del informe de sostenibilidad – instrumento de gestión y de divulgación de informaciones acerca de la interacción de la empresa con el medio en que actúa –, el presente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar el contenido de la divulgación de informaciones acerca de las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad empresarial – económica, social y ambiental – en los informes de empresas premiadas por sus prácticas de responsabilidad socioambiental. Se trata de estudio descriptivo, ...

Representación social de "los argentinos", "los españoles", "los latinoamericanos" y "los europeos" en estudiantes universitarios argentinos

OpenAIRE

Néstor Daniel Roselli

2000-01-01

El objetivo de la investigación es descriptivo: producir una caracterización de cómo los estudiantes universitarios argentinos definen subjetivamente a los referidos grupos nacionales ("los "los argentinos", "los españoles" y supranacionales, "los latinoamericanos" y "los europeos"). Sin embargo, no esun mero estudio de estereotipos nacionales. La originalidad consiste en el encuadre metodológico, propio de análisis de las representaciones sociales. Se basa en un análisis estadístico d...

Proyecto ‘Revisa®’. Impacto del servicio de revisión del uso de los medicamentos en España. Informe de tiempos y costes

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Gómez Bermúdez E

2017-09-01

Full Text Available En el año 2013 la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Familiar y Comunitaria (SEFAC, mediante la subcomisión de revisión del uso de los medicamentos (RUM, integrada en la comisión de servicios profesionales e inspirada en el servicio británico MUR (Medicines Use Review, puso en marcha el proyecto Revisa® con el fin de implantar este servicio en España. Desde entonces se han realizado cursos de capacitación, elaborado documentos de especificaciones y protocolos normalizados que permitan al farmacéutico comunitario prestar de manera adecuada y homogénea este servicio a la población. También se desarrolló un módulo para la gestión de este servicio en SEFAC e_XPERT, aplicación informática desarrollada por SEFAC para la gestión de los servicios profesionales farmacéuticos. En 2016 SEFAC llevó a cabo el primer estudio de investigación relacionado con el servicio de revisión del uso de los medicamentos con el fin de pilotar su prestación en la práctica farmacéutica. En este informe ­­­se presentan los resultados de tiempo y costes obtenidos del análisis de los datos del proyecto Revisa® realizado en 64 farmacias de España durante los meses de marzo a julio de 2016. Se pretende con ello facilitar al farmacéutico comunitario la información necesaria para permitirle establecer unos honorarios para la prestación de este servicio apoyado en la evidencia obtenida en la práctica farmacéutica.

En torno al arte europeo de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Aspectos de las relaciones forma–contenido o forma–función en la obra de Lawrence Alma–Tadema, Gottfried Semper y Richard Wagner

OpenAIRE

Moreno Dopazo, Ángel

2011-01-01

El trabajo se plantea como una reflexión sobre la dificultad actual para apreciar los valores, a menudo denostados, de los ya supuestamente lejanos arte y cultura del siglo XIX. De aquel rico mundo de referentes y asociaciones se destacan aquí las figuras del pintor realista Alma-Tadema, los arquitectos del Ring de Viena, con Semper como singular protagonista, y el músico Richard Wagner. Junto al análisis del complejo universo pictórico del artista holandés afincado en Inglaterra se presenta ...

Medicinas tradicionales andinas y su despenalización: entrevista con Walter Álvarez Quispe

OpenAIRE

Quispe, Walter Álvarez; Loza, Carmen Beatriz

2014-01-01

Walter Álvarez Quispe, terapeuta kallawaya y biomédico especializado en cirugía general y ginecología, presenta la lucha de los terapeutas tradicionales y alternativos por la depenalización de estos sistemas médicos andinos realizada entre 1960 y 1990. Bolivia se torna el primer país en América Latina y el Caribe en despenalizar la medicina tradicional antes de los planteamientos de la Conferencia Internacional sobre Atención Primaria de Salud (Alma-Ata, 1978). Los datos aportados por el entr...

ANÁLISIS A LOS ALGORITMOS UTILIZADOS POR EL SOFTWARE PARA BI

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CURTIS COOKE

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este trabajo es examinar cuáles son los algoritmos que utilizan los paquetes de software más populares para BI. Una encuesta inicial informal muestra que los actuales paquetes de software de BI incluyen a la mayoría de algoritmos descritos en la literatura de los paquetes estadísticos tradicionales. Además, una de las principales diferencias entre el software para BI y los paquetes estadísticos tradicionales es que el primero tiene mejores características para los reportes.

The ALMA View of the OMC1 Explosion in Orion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bally, John; Youngblood, Allison; Ginsburg, Adam; Arce, Hector; Eisner, Josh; Zapata, Luis; Zinnecker, Hans

2017-01-01

Most massive stars form in dense clusters where gravitational interactions with other stars may be common. The two nearest forming massive stars, the BN object and Source I, located behind the Orion Nebula, were ejected with velocities of ∼29 and ∼13 km s −1 about 500 years ago by such interactions. This event generated an explosion in the gas. New ALMA observations show in unprecedented detail, a roughly spherically symmetric distribution of over a hundred 12 CO J = 2−1 streamers with velocities extending from V LSR = −150 to +145 km s −1 . The streamer radial velocities increase (or decrease) linearly with projected distance from the explosion center, forming a “Hubble Flow” confined to within 50″ of the explosion center. They point toward the high proper-motion, shock-excited H 2 and [Fe ii] “fingertips” and lower-velocity CO in the H 2 wakes comprising Orion's “fingers.” In some directions, the H 2 “fingers” extend more than a factor of two farther from the ejection center than the CO streamers. Such deviations from spherical symmetry may be caused by ejecta running into dense gas or the dynamics of the N -body interaction that ejected the stars and produced the explosion. This ∼10 48 erg event may have been powered by the release of gravitational potential energy associated with the formation of a compact binary or a protostellar merger. Orion may be the prototype for a new class of stellar explosiozn responsible for luminous infrared transients in nearby galaxies.

El Aseguramiento de los Informes de Sostenibilidad: Diferencias Sustanciales con la Auditoría de Cuentas (Sustainability Reports Assurance: Substantial Differences with Financial Auditing

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Amaia Zubiaurre

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Besides the growing interest of companies to communicate their commitment to sustainability, assurance of the information disclosed has increased, due to the interest of the stakeholders to know their reliability. Initially, we will explain the concept and benefits of sustainability reporting assurance. Subsequently, we will focus on the differences between the financial audit and sustainability reports assurance and the description of the main international report assurance statements. Finally, we will explain the main criticisms of assurance and some proposals for improvement. Junto al creciente interés de las empresas por comunicar su compromiso con la sostenibilidad, ha aumentado el aseguramiento de la información revelada, debido al interés de los grupos de interés por conocer su fiabilidad. Inicialmente, explicaremos el concepto y las ventajas del aseguramiento de los informes de sostenibilidad. Posteriormente, nos centraremos en las diferencias existentes entre la auditoría de cuentas y el aseguramiento de memorias de sostenibilidad y en la descripción de los principales estándares internacionales en materia de aseguramiento. Finalmente, expondremos las principales críticas al aseguramiento y algunas propuestas de mejora. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2690158

Envidia, carcoma del alma: escorzo psico-literario

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TERESA SÁNCHEZ SÁNCHEZ

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Desde Aristóteles hasta Castilla del Pino, desde Covarrubias hasta María Zambrano, desde el clasicismo grecolatino a la modernidad de los Simposiums de Psicología y Psicoanálisis, el tema de la envidia ha sido objeto de análisis. Tan sutiles matices provienen de la filosofía como de la psicología, de la literatura como de la clínica. La envidia es sometida a la mirada benevolente que exige su rango de emoción universal humana, derivada de la alteridad, la comparación y la autovaloración negativa, así como de la deficiente instalación narcisística y el anhelo de suplantación del otro idealizado. La envidia es antesala del odio y de un cortejo de expresiones interpersonales y sociales muy variadas y sibilinas. Anida, incluso, tras el choque de civilizaciones generador de los más atroces y destructivos episodios de fanatismo terrorista recientemente padecidos en nuestro mundo.

Nivel de satisfacción con los servicios informativos en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Habana Level of satisfaction with the information services in the Faculty of Stomatology of Havana

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Diego Alfredo Ochoa González

2008-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: identificar el nivel de satisfacción con los servicios informativos en la biblioteca de la Facultad de Estomatología de la Habana. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio a través de un cuestionario a una muestra representativa de los usuarios de estos servicios. RESULTADOS: Se determinaron las principales limitaciones en las variables promoción, accesibilidad, tangibilidad y exhaustividad lo cual provoca insatisfacción con los servicios brindados, básicamente en los alumnos de pre y postgrado. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados evidenciaron insatisfacción en general con los servicios informativos, básicamente en los alumnos de pre y postgrado, no obstante, las ocho variables estudiadas tuvieron diferentes valoracionesOBJECTIVE: to determine the level of satisfaction with the information services of the library of the Faculty of Stomatology of Havana. METHODS: A study was carried out by using a questionnaire in a representative sample of the users of these services. RESULTS: there were determined the main limitations in the variables promotion, accessibility, tangibility and exhaustivity, which cause unsatisfaction with the services offered, basically among pre- and postgraduate students. CONCLUSIONS: the results evidenced the unsatisfaction in general with the information services, mainly among pre- and postgraduate students; however, the eight studied variables had different assessments

Opinión de los estudiantes de medicina y enfermería sobre la autonomía de los adolescentes en los servicios de salud

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Paulo Antonio de Carvalho Fortes

1998-12-01

Full Text Available En un intento por comprender algunos dilemas de carácter ético y legal que presentan los profesionales de la salud en sus actividades cotidianas, este estudio se realizó con el propósito de conocer y analizar las opiniones y expectativas de estudiantes de pregrado de medicina y enfermería de la Universidad de São Paulo sobre aspectos relacionados con la autonomía de los adolescentes en los servicios de atención a la salud. Se entrevistaron alumnos del primero y último años de la Facultad de Medicina y de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de São Paulo (1995-1996 y se compararon los primeros y últimos años de las dos categorías profesionales. Las preguntas se hicieron sobre la atención médica en ausencia de los padres o tutores, las decisiones autónomas sobre medidas de atención a la salud, la confidencialidad de la información proporcionada por los adolescentes, las circunstancias en las que esa información se puede revelar a los padres o tutores, y situaciones de conflicto entre las decisiones paternas y de los adolescentes. El análisis global de los resultados sugiere que -a pesar de que se encontraron variaciones en las opiniones y expectativas de los estudiantes de enfermería y medicina- el concepto de autonomía (mayoría de edad ético-sanitaria no predomina, ya que prevalece la decisión del estudiante basada en los límites de la mayoría de edad jurídica.In an effort to better understand some of the ethical and legal dilemmas that health professionals face in their daily activities, this study identified and analyzed the opinions and expectations of medical and nursing students at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, regarding the autonomy of adolescents in receiving health care services. Over the 1995-1996 period, interviews were done with students in the first and last years of their programs in the School of Medicine and the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo. The results from the first

The dynamics of massive starless cores with ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tan, Jonathan C. [Departments of Astronomy and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 (United States); Kong, Shuo; Butler, Michael J. [Department of Astronomy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 (United States); Caselli, Paola [School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT (United Kingdom); Fontani, Francesco [INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze (Italy)

2013-12-20

How do stars that are more massive than the Sun form, and thus how is the stellar initial mass function (IMF) established? Such intermediate- and high-mass stars may be born from relatively massive pre-stellar gas cores, which are more massive than the thermal Jeans mass. The turbulent core accretion model invokes such cores as being in approximate virial equilibrium and in approximate pressure equilibrium with their surrounding clump medium. Their internal pressure is provided by a combination of turbulence and magnetic fields. Alternatively, the competitive accretion model requires strongly sub-virial initial conditions that then lead to extensive fragmentation to the thermal Jeans scale, with intermediate- and high-mass stars later forming by competitive Bondi-Hoyle accretion. To test these models, we have identified four prime examples of massive (∼100 M {sub ☉}) clumps from mid-infrared extinction mapping of infrared dark clouds. Fontani et al. found high deuteration fractions of N{sub 2}H{sup +} in these objects, which are consistent with them being starless. Here we present ALMA observations of these four clumps that probe the N{sub 2}D{sup +} (3-2) line at 2.''3 resolution. We find six N{sub 2}D{sup +} cores and determine their dynamical state. Their observed velocity dispersions and sizes are broadly consistent with the predictions of the turbulent core model of self-gravitating, magnetized (with Alfvén Mach number m{sub A} ∼ 1) and virialized cores that are bounded by the high pressures of their surrounding clumps. However, in the most massive cores, with masses up to ∼60 M {sub ☉}, our results suggest that moderately enhanced magnetic fields (so that m{sub A} ≅ 0.3) may be needed for the structures to be in virial and pressure equilibrium. Magnetically regulated core formation may thus be important in controlling the formation of massive cores, inhibiting their fragmentation, and thus helping to establish the stellar IMF.

POBLACIONES E IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LOS HONGOS CAUSANTES DE MOHOS POSCOSECHA EN EL PEDÚNCULO DE LA PIÑA, EN DOS ZONAS DE COSTA RICA

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Johanny Castro Chinchilla

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo de mohos en el pedúnculo de la piña de Costa Rica, es uno de los proble- mas poscosecha más importantes que conlleva al rechazo de la fruta en el mercado destino. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las poblaciones de los hongos causantes de mohos en el pedúnculo de la piña, en diferentes fases de procesamiento poscosecha, mediante muestreos mensuales durante un año de producción en 2 zonas. Además, se realizó la identificación mor- fológica y molecular de los hongos más frecuen- tes. Se cuantificó, in vitro, el número de unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC en el agua de des- infección, la cera, el aire de las cámaras de alma- cenamiento y en el pedúnculo y la cáscara de la fruta, sin procesar (SP y procesada (P con los tratamientos comerciales de las fincas. Además, se evaluó la incidencia y severidad de moho en el pedúnculo. Hubo variaciones en las poblaciones de hongos en todas las fases de procesamiento y en la fruta, con valores más altos en la cera que en el agua de desinfección. En el pedúnculo de fruta SP se obtuvo poblaciones más altas que en fruta P, lo cual coincidió con mayores porcentajes de moho al finalizar el almacenamiento. En las cámaras de enfriamiento también se recuperó esporas de hongos, que podrían ser una fuente de inóculo para el desarrollo de moho. Los prin- cipales hongos identificados fueron Penicillium purpureogenum , P. diversum y Penicillium sp., los cuales presentaron alta esporulación in vitro y crecimiento en el pedúnculo. Además en dife- rentes puntos del proceso como el encerado y el enfriamiento, en los que se capturaron esporas, la fruta podría ser contaminada, por lo que se considera importante la adecuada limpieza de las cámaras de enfriamiento, así como evitar que la cera acumule poblaciones importantes de microorganismos.

Percepciones de los futuros docentes sobre la cultura organizacional de los centros de prácticas externas de Educación Secundaria

OpenAIRE

Morales Rodríguez, Francisco Manuel; Narváez Peláez, Manuel Alejandro; Morales Rodríguez, Ana María

2012-01-01

El objetivo general del presente trabajo es aportar los resultados iniciales de pasar un cuestionario sobre cultura organizacional en los Centros de Educación Secundaria a 57 futuros docentes estudiantes del Máster Universitario en Profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas por la Universidad de Málaga correspondientes a la especialidad de Tecnología, Informática y Procesos Industriales. Los resultados demuestran que el profeso...

Studying the outflow-core interaction with ALMA Cycle 1 observations of the HH 46/47 molecular outflow

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yichen; Arce, Hector G.; Mardones, Diego; Dunham, Michael; Garay, Guido; Noriega-Crespo, Alberto; Corder, Stuartt; Offner, Stella; Cabrit, Sylvie

2016-01-01

We present ALMA Cycle 1 observations of the HH 46/47 molecular outflow which is driven by a low-mass Class 0/I protostar. Previous ALMA Cycle 0 12CO observation showed outflow cavities produced by the entrainment of ambient gas by the protostellar jet and wide-angle wind. Here we present analysis of observation of 12CO, 13CO, C18O and other species using combined 12m array and ACA observations. The improved angular resolution and sensitivity allow us to detect details of the outflow structure. Specially, we see that the outflow cavity wall is composed of two or more layers of outflowing gas, which separately connect to different shocked regions along the outflow axis inside the cavity, suggesting the outflow cavity wall is composed of multiple shells entrained by a series of jet bow-shock events. The new 13CO and C18O data also allow us to trace relatively denser and slower outflow material than that traced by the 12CO. These species are only detected within about 1 to 2 km/s from the cloud velocity, tracing the outflow to lower velocities than what is possible using only the 12CO emission. Interestingly, the cavity wall of the red lobe appears at very low outflow velocities (as low as ~0.2 km/s). In addition, 13CO and C18O allow us to correct for the CO optical depth, allowing us to obtain more accurate estimates of the outflow mass, momentum and kinetic energy. Applying the optical depth correction significantly increases the previous mass estimate by a factor of 14. The outflow kinetic energy distribution shows that even though the red lobe is mainly entrained by jet bow-shocks, most of the outflow energy is being deposited into the cloud at the base of the outflow cavity rather than around the heads of the bow shocks. The estimated total mass, momentum, and energy of the outflow indicate that the outflow has the ability to disperse the parent core. We found possible evidence for a slowly moving rotating outflow in CS. Our 13CO and C18O observations also trace a

¿Somos los diseñadores sostenibles en nuestro trabajo? La mochila que cargan los objetos

OpenAIRE

Serrano Bulnes, Antonio

2013-01-01

Para que un objeto cualquiera sea sostenible debería tener en cuenta los tres aspectos que comporta la sostenibilidad: el impacto sobre la naturaleza, la pérdida de biodiversidad y la vulnerabilidad de los sistemas naturales. Según la definición que recoge el Informe Brundtland (1987) para la Comisión Mundial de Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo de las Naciones Unidas, "sostenibilidad es la característica según la cual pueden satisfacerse las necesidades de la población actual y local sin compromet...

El impacto del liderazgo en los resultados de los estudiantes: Un análisis de los efectos diferenciales de los tipos de liderazgo

OpenAIRE

Robinson, Viviane M. J.; Lloyd, Claire A.; Rowe, Kenneth J.

2014-01-01

El propósito de este estudio fue examinar el impacto relativo de los diferentes tipos de liderazgo en los resultados académicos y no académicos de los estudiantes. La metodología consistió en el análisis de los resultados de 27 estudios publicados sobre la relación entre liderazgo y resultados de los estudiantes. El primer meta-análisis, que incluyó 22 de los 27 estudios, implicó una comparación de los efectos de la transformación y liderazgo instructivo en los resultados de los estudiantes. ...

İNTERNET KULLANICILARININ İNTERNETTEN ALIŞ-VERİŞE YÖNELİK SATIN ALMA KARAR SÜREÇLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ ve KULLANIM YOĞUNLUKLARI AÇISINDAN SINIFILANDIRILMASI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA-INVESTIGATING INTERNET USERS DECISION MAKING PROCESSES REGARDING THEIR INTERNET

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emrah CENGİZ

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Tüketici satın alma karar süreci uzun yıllardır işletmelerin ve akademisyenlerin ilgi odaklarından birisidir. Tüketicilerin hangi faktörlerin etkisi altında ve hangi aşamalardan geçerek satın alma kararını verdikleri çeşitli modellerle açıklanmaya çalışılmış, karar sürecine hangi aşamalarda ne şekilde etki edilebileceği araştırma konusu olmuştur. Son zamanların önemle üzerinde durulan pazarlama fenomenlerinden biri de internet ve internet üzerinden satın alma eğilimleridir. İnternet üzerinden satın alma davranışı da aynı şekilde gerek işletmelerin gerekse akademisyenlerin önemle üzerinde durup inceledikleri bir konudur. Bu çalışmada tüketicilerin internet kullanma yoğunluğu temelinde, “internetten alış-verişe yönelik satın alma karar süreçleri”, “internette gerçekleştirdikleri faaliyetler” ve “demografik özellikler” açısından fark olup olmadığını incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, interneti yoğun veya az kullanmakla birlikte, internetten alış-veriş yapan tüketicilerin ayırt edici özellikleri belirlenmiştir.-Consumer buying process is one of the center of attention both businesses and academics for many years. Which factors influence the consumer decision making and buying stages have trying to explain by various models and which factors affecting the decision process have been investigated by many researcher. Internet and purchasing via internet are one of the very important marketing phenomenons of last decades. Purchasing via internet is also a hot topic among the business and academics. In this study consumers use the Internet on the basis of intensity, “internet shopping for the purchase decision process”, “internet activities performed”, and “demographic characteristics” in term of whether the differences were examined. In addition consumer’s distinctive characteristics have been identified in order to internet usage frequencies.

Los indios y los empedrados sotaquireños

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edwin Giovanni Quesada-Cárdenas

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Este artículo de investigación describe la preparación de los platos culinarios tradicionales del municipio de Sotaquirá (Boyacá, que hacen parte de los saberes ancestrales que han prevalecido generacionalmente en los habitantes del municipio; ya que caracterizan la identidad sotaquireña. También se exponen algunos elementos sobre la gestión de la administración municipal (2012-2015 para promover la permanencia y reconocimiento de estos saberes como patrimonio cultural. El contenido del artículo es el resultado de la investigación “Identidad campesina en torno a los oficios tradicionales en el municipio de Sotaquirá (2013-2015”; que tuvo como fin describir las costumbres culturales en torno a los oficios tradicionales, que configuran la identidad campesina de los habitantes del municipio de Sotaquirá. El enfoque metodológico fue cualitativo desde la corriente socio-critica; se usaron la entrevista y la observación participante para reconocer la importancia de los platos que se configuran como aspectos fundamentales de la identidad de los sotaquireños. Se destaca que este trabajo logró generar espacios de reflexión con los entrevistados respecto de los oficios tradicionales culinarios del municipio en torno al reconocimiento del valor de los platos como patrimonio cultural y las particularidades del plato de acuerdo con los contextos familiares.

RCRA facility investigation for the townsite of Los Alamos, New Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dorries, A.M.; Conrad, R.C.; Nonno, L.M.

1992-01-01

During World War II, Los Alamos, New Mexico was established as an ideal location for the secrecy and safety needed for the research and development required to design a nuclear fission bomb. Experiments carried out in the 1940s generated both radioactive and hazardous waste constituents on what is presently part of the Los Alamos townsite. Under the RCRA permit issued to Los alamos national Laboratory in 1990, the Laboratory is scheduled for investigation of its solid waste management units (SWMUs). The existing information on levels of radioactivity on the townsite is principally data from soil samples taken during the last site decontamination in 1976, little information on the presence of hazardous constituents exists today. This paper addresses pathway analysis and a preliminary risk assessment for current residents of the Los Alamos townsite. The estimated dose levels, in mrem per year, show that the previously decontaminated SWMU areas on the Los Alamos townsite will not contribute a radiation dose of any concern to the current residents

Motivaciones de los Consumidores para Asistir a los Mercados de los Agricultores de Utah

OpenAIRE

Curtis, Kynda; Gumirakiza, J. Dominique

2014-01-01

Los mercados de los agricultores (FM por sus siglas en inglés) ofrecen oportunidades a los agricultores locales y pequeñas empresas para vender directamente a los consumidores, incrementar su base de clientes, así como probar nuevos productos y estrategias de precios.

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE SUBMILLIMETER DENSE MOLECULAR GAS TRACERS IN THE LUMINOUS TYPE-1 ACTIVE NUCLEUS OF NGC 7469

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Izumi, Takuma; Kohno, Kotaro; Ikarashi, Soh; Aalto, Susanne; Doi, Akihiro; Espada, Daniel; Fathi, Kambiz; Harada, Nanase; Hsieh, Pei-Ying; Matsushita, Satoki; Hatsukade, Bunyo; Hattori, Takashi; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Iono, Daisuke; Ishizuki, Sumio; Nagai, Hiroshi; Krips, Melanie; Martín, Sergio; Meier, David S.; Nakai, Naomasa

2015-01-01

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 1 observations of the central kiloparsec region of the luminous type 1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 7469 with unprecedented high resolution (0.″5 ×0.″4 = 165 × 132 pc) at submillimeter wavelengths. Utilizing the wide bandwidth of ALMA, we simultaneously obtained HCN(4–3), HCO + (4–3), CS(7–6), and partially CO(3–2) line maps, as well as the 860 μm continuum. The region consists of the central ∼1″ component and the surrounding starburst ring with a radius of ∼1.″5–2.″5. Several structures connect these components. Except for CO(3–2), these dense gas tracers are significantly concentrated toward the central ∼1″, suggesting their suitability to probe the nuclear regions of galaxies. Their spatial distribution resembles well those of centimeter and mid-infrared continuum emissions, but it is anticorrelated with the optical one, indicating the existence of dust-obscured star formation. The integrated intensity ratios of HCN(4–3)/HCO + (4–3) and HCN(4–3)/CS(7–6) are higher at the active galactic nucleus (AGN) position than at the starburst ring, which is consistent with our previous findings (submillimeter-HCN enhancement). However, the HCN(4–3)/HCO + (4–3) ratio at the AGN position of NGC 7469 (1.11 ± 0.06) is almost half of the corresponding value of the low-luminosity type 1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 1097 (2.0 ± 0.2), despite the more than two orders of magnitude higher X-ray luminosity of NGC 7469. But the ratio is comparable to that of the close vicinity of the AGN of NGC 1068 (∼1.5). Based on these results, we speculate that some heating mechanisms other than X-ray (e.g., mechanical heating due to an AGN jet) can contribute significantly for shaping the chemical composition in NGC 1097

ALMA observations of anisotropic dust mass loss in the inner circumstellar environment of the red supergiant VY Canis Majoris

Science.gov (United States)

O'Gorman, E.; Vlemmings, W.; Richards, A. M. S.; Baudry, A.; De Beck, E.; Decin, L.; Harper, G. M.; Humphreys, E. M.; Kervella, P.; Khouri, T.; Muller, S.

2015-01-01

The processes leading to dust formation and the subsequent role it plays in driving mass loss in cool evolved stars is an area of intense study. Here we present high resolution ALMA Science Verification data of the continuum emission around the highly evolved oxygen-rich red supergiant VY CMa. These data enable us to study the dust in its inner circumstellar environment at a spatial resolution of 129 mas at 321 GHz and 59 mas at 658 GHz, thus allowing us to trace dust on spatial scales down to 11 R⋆ (71 AU). Two prominent dust components are detected and resolved. The brightest dust component, C, is located 334 mas (61 R⋆) southeast of the star and has a dust mass of at least 2.5 × 10-4 M⊙. It has a dust emissivity spectral index of β = -0.1 at its peak, implying that it is optically thick at these frequencies with a cool core of Td ≲ 100 K. Interestingly, not a single molecule in the ALMA data has emission close to the peak of this massive dust clump. The other main dust component, VY, is located at the position of the star and contains a total dust mass of 4.0 × 10-5 M⊙. It also contains a weaker dust feature extending over 60 R⋆ to the north with the total component having a typical dust emissivity spectral index of β = 0.7. We find that at least 17% of the dust mass around VY CMa is located in clumps ejected within a more quiescent roughly spherical stellar wind, with a quiescent dust mass loss rate of 5 × 10-6 M⊙yr-1. The anisotropic morphology of the dust indicates a continuous, directed mass loss over a few decades, suggesting that this mass loss cannot be driven by large convection cells alone. Appendices are available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE SUBMILLIMETER DENSE MOLECULAR GAS TRACERS IN THE LUMINOUS TYPE-1 ACTIVE NUCLEUS OF NGC 7469

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Izumi, Takuma; Kohno, Kotaro; Ikarashi, Soh [Institute of Astronomy, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015 (Japan); Aalto, Susanne [Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Observatory, SE-439 94 Onsala (Sweden); Doi, Akihiro [Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5210 (Japan); Espada, Daniel [Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova, 3107, Vitacura, Santiago 763-0355 (Chile); Fathi, Kambiz [Stockholm Observatory, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm (Sweden); Harada, Nanase; Hsieh, Pei-Ying; Matsushita, Satoki [Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, P.O. Box 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan (China); Hatsukade, Bunyo; Hattori, Takashi; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Iono, Daisuke; Ishizuki, Sumio; Nagai, Hiroshi [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Krips, Melanie; Martín, Sergio [Institut de Radio Astronomie Millimétrique, 300 rue de la Piscine, Domaine Universitaire, F-38406 St. Martin d’Hères (France); Meier, David S. [Department of Physics, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Soccoro, NM 87801 (United States); Nakai, Naomasa, E-mail: takumaizumi@ioa.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp [Department of Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571 (Japan); and others

2015-09-20

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 1 observations of the central kiloparsec region of the luminous type 1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 7469 with unprecedented high resolution (0.″5 ×0.″4 = 165 × 132 pc) at submillimeter wavelengths. Utilizing the wide bandwidth of ALMA, we simultaneously obtained HCN(4–3), HCO{sup +}(4–3), CS(7–6), and partially CO(3–2) line maps, as well as the 860 μm continuum. The region consists of the central ∼1″ component and the surrounding starburst ring with a radius of ∼1.″5–2.″5. Several structures connect these components. Except for CO(3–2), these dense gas tracers are significantly concentrated toward the central ∼1″, suggesting their suitability to probe the nuclear regions of galaxies. Their spatial distribution resembles well those of centimeter and mid-infrared continuum emissions, but it is anticorrelated with the optical one, indicating the existence of dust-obscured star formation. The integrated intensity ratios of HCN(4–3)/HCO{sup +}(4–3) and HCN(4–3)/CS(7–6) are higher at the active galactic nucleus (AGN) position than at the starburst ring, which is consistent with our previous findings (submillimeter-HCN enhancement). However, the HCN(4–3)/HCO{sup +}(4–3) ratio at the AGN position of NGC 7469 (1.11 ± 0.06) is almost half of the corresponding value of the low-luminosity type 1 Seyfert galaxy NGC 1097 (2.0 ± 0.2), despite the more than two orders of magnitude higher X-ray luminosity of NGC 7469. But the ratio is comparable to that of the close vicinity of the AGN of NGC 1068 (∼1.5). Based on these results, we speculate that some heating mechanisms other than X-ray (e.g., mechanical heating due to an AGN jet) can contribute significantly for shaping the chemical composition in NGC 1097.

Los Neutrinos Los Neutrinos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julián Félix

2012-02-01

Full Text Available From all the proposals to understand the structure of matter, and the way the natural world is conformed, the one about neutrinos is the most enigmatic, abstract, and foreign to immediate experience; however, this is the one that has delved more deeply over the nearly eighty years since it was formulated by Wolfgang Pauli –in 1930- as a radical proposition to understand nucleon decay, and the decay of other particles, without the violation of the principle of conservation of energy and momentum at subatomic level. This proposition has evolved through the years, and from Pauli’s original idea only the basic elements remain.This article contains the tale of the hypothesis of neutrinos, its early history, its evolution up to present day, and the efforts done nowadays to study them. In summary, this is the physics of neutrinos. De todas las propuestas para entender la estructura de la materia, y la conformación del mundo natural, los neutrinos es la más enigmática, abstracta, y ajena a la experiencia inmediata; sin embargo, es la que más hondo ha ido calando a lo largo de los ya casi ochenta años de haber sido formulada por Wolfgang Pauli –en el año 1930- como una medida radical para entender el decaimiento de los nucleones, y otras partículas, sin que se violara el principio de la conservación de la energía y del momento a nivel subatómico. La propuesta ha evolucionado a lo largo de los años, y de la idea original de Pauli ya sólo lo básico permanece. En este artículo está el relato de la hipótesis de los neutrinos, su historia primera, su evolución hasta el presente, los esfuerzos que en la actualidad se realizan para estudiarlos. En breve, ésta es la física de los neutrinos.

CDC Signos Vitales-Los anuncios de cigarrillos electrónicos y los jóvenes (E-cigarette Ads and Youth)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast se basa en la edición de enero del 2016 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. La mayoría de los cigarrillos electrónicos, e-cigarrillos o e-cigarettes, contienen nicotina, que es muy adictiva y puede causar daños al cerebro en desarrollo. Más de 18 millones de estudiantes de escuela secundaria media y superior están expuestos a los anuncios de cigarrillos electrónicos. La exposición a estos anuncios puede estar contribuyendo al aumento en el consumo de los cigarrillos electrónicos entre los jóvenes. Sepa qué se puede hacer para mantener a nuestros jóvenes sanos y seguros.

HEDONİK TÜKETİM EĞİLİMİNİN PLANSIZ SATIN ALMA EĞİLİMİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ-IDENTIFYING THE EFFECT OF HEDONIC CONSUMPTION TENDENCY ON IMPULSIVE BUYING TENDENCY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ulun AKTURAN

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmanın amacı tüketicilerdeki hedonik tüketim eğiliminin plansız satın alma eğilimleri üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Hedonik tüketim, tüketimin duyular, algılamalar, fanteziler ve duygularla ilişkili olarak geliştiği davranışları kapsayan tüketimdir. Plansız satın alma davranışı ise, tüketicinin düşünmeden, ani, kuvvetli ve ısrarlı bir satın alma arzusu içinde olmasıdır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı ve literatür taraması doğrultusunda araştırma modeli geliştirilmiştir ve geliştirilen araştırma modeli Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (Structural Equation Modeling-SEM kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 284 tüketiciden anket yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda hedonik tüketim eğiliminin plansız satın alma eğilimine ilişkin hem bilişsellik hem de duygusallık boyutu üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğu bulunmuştur.-The aim of this research is to determine the effect of hedonic consumption tendency on impulsive buying tendency. Hedonic consumption designates those facts of consumer behavior that relate to the multi-sensory, fantasy and emotive aspects of consumption. Impulsive buying is an unplanned purchase which evolves as an immediate, persistent and strong urge to buy something with no pre-shopping intention. Within that scope a research model was developed in relation with the research objectives and the literature review. Then the research model was tested by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM. In the study, data was collected from 284 consumers by face-to-face interviews. As a result of the analysis, it was found that hedonic consumption tendency has positive effect on both dimensions of impulsive buying tendency- cognitive and affective.

Measurement of Circumstellar Disk Sizes in the Upper Scorpius OB Association with ALMA

Science.gov (United States)

Barenfeld, Scott A.; Carpenter, John M.; Sargent, Anneila I.; Isella, Andrea; Ricci, Luca

2017-12-01

We present detailed modeling of the spatial distributions of gas and dust in 57 circumstellar disks in the Upper Scorpius OB Association observed with ALMA at submillimeter wavelengths. We fit power-law models to the dust surface density and CO J = 3–2 surface brightness to measure the radial extent of dust and gas in these disks. We found that these disks are extremely compact: the 25 highest signal-to-noise disks have a median dust outer radius of 21 au, assuming an {R}-1 dust surface density profile. Our lack of CO detections in the majority of our sample is consistent with these small disk sizes assuming the dust and CO share the same spatial distribution. Of seven disks in our sample with well-constrained dust and CO radii, four appear to be more extended in CO, although this may simply be due to the higher optical depth of the CO. Comparison of the Upper Sco results with recent analyses of disks in Taurus, Ophiuchus, and Lupus suggests that the dust disks in Upper Sco may be approximately three times smaller in size than their younger counterparts, although we caution that a more uniform analysis of the data across all regions is needed. We discuss the implications of these results for disk evolution.

IRAS 16547–4247: A NEW CANDIDATE OF A PROTOCLUSTER UNVEILED WITH ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Higuchi, Aya E. [College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito 310-8512 (Japan); Saigo, Kazuya; Chibueze, James O.; Sanhueza, Patricio [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Takakuwa, Shigehisa [Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, PO Box 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan (China); Garay, Guido, E-mail: ahiguchi@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp [Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile, Camino El Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago (Chile)

2015-01-10

We present the results of continuum and {sup 12}CO(3-2) and CH{sub 3}OH(7-6) line observations of IRAS 16547–4247 made with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at an angular resolution of ∼0.''5. The {sup 12}CO(3-2) emission shows two high-velocity outflows whose driving sources are located within the dust continuum peak. The alignment of these outflows does not coincide with that of the wide-angle, large-scale, bipolar outflow detected with the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment in previous studies. The CH{sub 3}OH(7-6) line emission traces an hourglass structure associated with the cavity walls created by the outflow lobes. Taking into account our results together with the position of the H{sub 2}O and class I CH{sub 3}OH maser clusters, we discuss two possible scenarios that can explain the hourglass structure observed in IRAS 16547–4247: (1) precession of a biconical jet, (2) multiple, or at least two, driving sources powering intersecting outflows. Combining the available evidence, namely, the presence of two cross-aligned bipolar outflows and two different H{sub 2}O maser groups, we suggest that IRAS 16547–4247 represents an early formation phase of a protocluster.

The ALMA View of the OMC1 Explosion in Orion

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bally, John; Youngblood, Allison [Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences Department University of Colorado, UCB 389 Boulder, Colorado 80309 (United States); Ginsburg, Adam [ESO Headquarters Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2 D-85748, Garching bei Munchen (Germany); Arce, Hector [Department of Astronomy Steinbach Hall, 52 Hillhouse Avenue, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511 (United States); Eisner, Josh [Steward Observatory University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Zapata, Luis [Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísíca, UNAM Apdo. Postal 3-72 (Xangari), 58089 Morelia, Michoacán, México (Mexico); Zinnecker, Hans, E-mail: john.bally@colorado.edu [Deutsches SOFIA Institut (DSI) University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 29, D-70569 (Germany)

2017-03-01

Most massive stars form in dense clusters where gravitational interactions with other stars may be common. The two nearest forming massive stars, the BN object and Source I, located behind the Orion Nebula, were ejected with velocities of ∼29 and ∼13 km s{sup −1} about 500 years ago by such interactions. This event generated an explosion in the gas. New ALMA observations show in unprecedented detail, a roughly spherically symmetric distribution of over a hundred {sup 12}CO J = 2−1 streamers with velocities extending from V {sub LSR} = −150 to +145 km s{sup −1}. The streamer radial velocities increase (or decrease) linearly with projected distance from the explosion center, forming a “Hubble Flow” confined to within 50″ of the explosion center. They point toward the high proper-motion, shock-excited H{sub 2} and [Fe ii] “fingertips” and lower-velocity CO in the H{sub 2} wakes comprising Orion's “fingers.” In some directions, the H{sub 2} “fingers” extend more than a factor of two farther from the ejection center than the CO streamers. Such deviations from spherical symmetry may be caused by ejecta running into dense gas or the dynamics of the N -body interaction that ejected the stars and produced the explosion. This ∼10{sup 48} erg event may have been powered by the release of gravitational potential energy associated with the formation of a compact binary or a protostellar merger. Orion may be the prototype for a new class of stellar explosiozn responsible for luminous infrared transients in nearby galaxies.

Adding Support to the ALMA Common Software for Real-Time Operations through the Usage of a POSIX-Compliant RTOS

Science.gov (United States)

Tobar, R. J.; von Brand, H.; Araya, M. A.; Juerges, T.

2010-12-01

The ALMA Common Software (ACS) framework lacks of the real-time capabilities to control the antennas’ instrumentation — as has been probed by previous works — which has lead to non-portable workarounds to the problem. Indeed, the time service used in ACS, based in the Container/Component model, presents plenty of results that confirm this statement. This work addresses the problem of design and integrate a real-time service for ACS, providing to the framework an implementation such that the control operations over the different instruments could be done within real-time constraints. This implementation is compared with the current time service, showing the difference between the two systems when subjecting them to common scenarios. Also, the new implementation is done following the POSIX specification, ensuring interoperability and portability through different operating systems.

First Results from the $Herschel$ and ALMA Spectroscopic Surveys of the SMC: The Relationship Between [CII]-bright Gas and CO-bright Gas at Low Metallicity

OpenAIRE

Jameson, Katherine E.; Bolatto, Alberto D.; Wolfire, Mark; Warren, Steven R.; Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo; Croxall, Kevin; Pellegrini, Eric; Smith, John-David; Rubio, Monica; Indebetouw, Remy; Israel, Frank P.; Meixner, Margaret; Roman-Duval, Julia; van Loon, Jacco Th.; Muller, Erik

2018-01-01

The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) provides the only laboratory to study the structure of molecular gas at high resolution and low metallicity. We present results from the Herschel Spectroscopic Survey of the SMC (HS$^{3}$), which mapped the key far-IR cooling lines [CII], [OI], [NII], and [OIII] in five star-forming regions, and new ALMA 7m-array maps of $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO $(2-1)$ with coverage overlapping four of the five HS$^{3}$ regions. We detect [CII] and [OI] throughout all of the r...

LOS SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA COMO HERRAMIENTA DE APOYO EN LOS ESTUDIOS HIDROGEOLÓGICOS DOS CASOS DE ESTUDIO EN AMÉRICA LATINA: TWO CASE STUDIES IN LATIN AMERICA GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AS A SUPPORTING TOOL IN HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STUDIES

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Mauricio Quiroz

2007-07-01

Full Text Available En los estudios de aguas subterráneas, se genera y recopila gran cantidad de datos, que necesariamente deben ser procesados y analizados de manera conjunta, buscando encontrar relaciones y/o patrones con los que se definen modelos conceptuales y numéricos adecuados para explicar de forma coherente el funcionamiento hidrogeológico de una zona específica. Acorde con lo anterior, los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG, se plantean como una de las herramientas básicas del hidrogeólogo, ya que permiten de una manera fácil y dinámica, almacenar, analizar y visualizar datos e información, así como el análisis de su comportamiento en las dimensiones espacial y temporal. No obstante, la utilización de los SIG en los proyectos hidrogeológicos se ha limitado, en muchos casos, a la elaboración de la cartografía de las diferentes unidades hidrogeológicas incluidas dentro del área de estudio y la ubicación de diferentes mediciones y parámetros relacionados con el recurso hídrico subterráneo, en detrimento de sus capacidades para el análisis de fenómenos espaciales complejos en los cuales intervienen múltiples variables. El presente trabajo presenta dos ejemplos de aplicación en Latinoamérica en los que los sistemas de información geográfica han ayudado en la modelación y preprocesamiento de los fenómenos y variables involucradas, además de la tradicional identificación de las características esenciales de los acuíferos.In underground water studies, a big amount of data is generated and compiled: these data should be jointly processed, correlated, and analyzed in order to look for relations and /or patterns through which appropriate conceptual and numerical models are defined for explaining, in a coherent way, hydro-geological functioning in a specific zone. Geographic Information Systems (GIS must be considered as one of the basic tools of hydro-geologists, because they allow storing, analyzing, and visualizing data

Impacto de las TICs en los procesos de articulación, ingreso y aprendizaje universitario

OpenAIRE

Madoz, María Cristina; Gorga, Gladys; De Giusti, Armando Eduardo

2005-01-01

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos del seguimiento efectuado durante el año 2004 a alumnos del primer año de las Licenciaturas en Informática y en Sistemas de la Facultad de Informática de la UNLP. La motivación principal ha sido la importante deserción que ocurre en el primer año de los estudios universitarios de Informática, por diferentes razones entre las cuales está el desfasaje entre la Escuela Media y la Universidad. En los últimos años la Facultad de Informática ha trabajado ...

Riemann y los Números Primos

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José Manuel Sánchez Muñoz

2011-10-01

Full Text Available En el mes de noviembre de 1859, durante la presentación mensual de losinformes de la Academia de Berlín, el alemán Bernhard Riemann presentóun trabajo que cambiaría los designios futuros de la ciencia matemática. El tema central de su informe se centraba en los números primos, presentando el que hoy día, una vez demostrada la Conjetura de Poincaré, puede ser considerado el problema matemático abierto más importante. El presente artículo muestra en su tercera sección una traducción al castellano de dicho trabajo.

La informática forense y los delitos informáticos

OpenAIRE

Alex Canedo Estrada

2010-01-01

ResumenEste artículo da una mirada general acerca de la informática forense, su definición y su implicaciónen la forma como se trata la información en el mundo. Además, muestra la importancia de lainformática forense y su puesta en práctica de manera efectiva, de la mano con diferentesherramientas tecnológicas. En definitiva, explica su aplicación, así como la legislación existenteen materia de delitos informáticos en nuestro país.Palabras claves: Informática forense, delito informático, audi...

Exploring molecular complexity with ALMA (EMoCA): Detection of three new hot cores in Sagittarius B2(N)

Science.gov (United States)

Bonfand, M.; Belloche, A.; Menten, K. M.; Garrod, R. T.; Müller, H. S. P.

2017-08-01

Context. The Sagittarius B2 molecular cloud contains several sites forming high-mass stars. Sgr B2(N) is one of its main centers of activity. It hosts several compact and ultra-compact HII regions, as well as two known hot molecular cores (Sgr B2(N1) and Sgr B2(N2)) in the early stage of the high-mass star formation process, where complex organic molecules (COMs) are detected in the gas phase. Aims: Our goal is to use the high sensitivity of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to characterize the hot core population in Sgr B2(N) and thereby shed new light on the star formation process in this star-forming region. Methods: We use a complete 3 mm spectral line survey conducted with ALMA to search for faint hot cores in the Sgr B2(N) region. The chemical composition of the detected sources and the column densities are derived by modeling the whole spectra under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium. Population diagrams are constructed to fit rotational temperatures. Integrated intensity maps are produced to derive the peak position and fit the size of each molecule's emission distribution. The kinematic structure of the hot cores is investigated by analyzing the line wing emission of typical outflow tracers. The H2 column densities are computed from ALMA and SMA continuum emission maps. Results: We report the discovery of three new hot cores in Sgr B2(N) that we call Sgr B2(N3), Sgr B2(N4), and Sgr B2(N5). The three sources are associated with class II methanol masers, well known tracers of high-mass star formation, and Sgr B2(N5), also with a UCHII region. Their H2 column densities are found to be between approximately 16 and 36 times lower than the one of the main hot core Sgr B2(N1). The spectra of these new hot cores have spectral line densities of 11 up to 31 emission lines per GHz above the 7σ level, assigned to 22-25 molecules plus 13-20 less abundant isotopologs. We derive rotational temperatures of approximately 140-180 K for

Application of heating in dex in Los Humeros geothermal reservoir; Comportamiento de los indices de calentamiento en el yacimiento geotermico de los Humeros

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aragon, Alfonso; Arellano, Victor M; Izquierdo, Georgina; Garcia, Alfonso; Barragan, Rosa Maria; Verma, Mahendra P [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico); Pizano, Arturo [Comision Federal de Electricidad, Los Humeros (Mexico)

2000-12-01

Reservoir engineering uses several methodologies to evaluate reservoir information characteristics, which in one well vary with time during its production life. One of the methods widely used is the pressure analysis by stimulating the reservoir through cold water injection. For this case, the temperature is used as stimulating parameter and the resultant perturbation is analyzed for the formation intervals in order to determine reservoir permeability and thickness. This method requires a set of temperature logs taking a different stability time. The heating index is calculated from the temperature gradient with time. The index correlated with drilling parameters such as the circulation lost volume, lithology, drilling speed, et cetera. It is used identify interesting reservoir characteristics for production and injections purposes. The method is applied on wells: Br-2 from Broadlands, New Zealand; and H-11, H-31 and H-33 from Los Humeros, Mexico. The results indicate the usefulness of this method in evaluating geothermal reservoirs. [Spanish] La ingenieria de yacimientos dispone de diversas tecnicas para la evaluacion de las caracteristicas de los espesores de la formacion en un pozo, cuyo comportamiento cambia a largo de las diferentes etapas de su vida productiva. Uno de los metodos ampliamente utilizados es el comportamiento de la presion a traves de estimulos suministrados al yacimiento. Haciendo una analogia de la presion, para el caso de inyeccion de agua fria, se utiliza la temperatura como estimulo y se analizan los disturbios que esta provoca en algunas secciones de la formacion, a partir de lo cual es factible determinar intervalos permeables en el yacimiento. El metodo requiere de un par de perfiles de temperatura registrados a diferente tiempo de reposo del pozo. Con las diferencias de temperatura respecto al tiempo, se calcula el indice de calentamiento el cual se correlaciona con los parametros disponibles, contenidos durante la perforacion, como son

Archivos y bibliotecas en la antigüedad

OpenAIRE

Calderón Rondón, Homero A.

2005-01-01

SUMARIO Presentación Olmos Reverón, Sara M. Artículos Primera Parte Archivos y bibliotecas en la antigüedad Archives and libraries in ancient times Calderón Rondón, Homero A. Algunos aspectos sobre los libros y las bibliotecas en la Edad Media Some considerations on Medieval books and libraries Pérez Medina, Guillermo Amado Pérez Medina, Simón Vladimir La Farmacia del Alma. Primera Biblioteca de la Universidad de Los Andes The soul p...

La universidad que vivimos...una ruta para lograr la universidad que soñamos...

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Henry Diosa

2014-07-01

Full Text Available En los pasados días, la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas se hizo frecuentemente visible en los medios de comunicación por la situación de anormalidad académica que afectó a las cinco facultades. Esta crisis visibilizó hacia la comunidad externa un conjunto de falencias estructurales comunes que viene padeciendo el sistema universitario público de Colombia y algunas dolencias institucionales locales a nuestra alma máter.

Los nuevos modi operandi de los ciberdelincuentes durante la crisis económica = The new modi operandi of cybercriminals during the economic crisis

OpenAIRE

Meseguer González, Juan de Dios

2013-01-01

Con el presente artículo, pretendemos dar a conocer el conflicto y los retos tanto policiales como procesales, para hacer frente a un variado e innovador tipo de delincuencia que atenta constantemente «desde el lado oscuro de la red» a los Derechos Fundamentales de nuestros ciudadanos, pero que de manera especial, en los años que llevamos de crisis1 económica, se ha incrementado sustancialmente. Para ello, hemos realizado un estudio técnico informático y procesal penal2, ...

"Teorías de la percepción visual y aristotelismo entre los siglos XV y XVII: una aproximación" [A preliminary approach on theories of visual perception and aristotelianism in the fifteenth to seventeenth centuries

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José Javier Benéitez Prudencio

2011-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN:Entre los siglos XV y principios del XVII la explicación aristotélica todavía garantizaba una idea de percepción visual exacta y digna de confianza, en especial la que se refiere a aquellas facultades humanas pertenecientes a la conocida como ‘alma sensitiva’. Considerando los términos generales en que dicha teoría se planteaba, reputada por otro lado por la literatura médica, psicológica y moral del momento, lo que en este ensayo pretendo poner de relieve son las influencias de dicha teoría aristotélica en el panorama intelectual europeo antes de Descartes.ABSTRACT:Visual perception and cognition deemed to be accurate and reliable were secured between the fifteenth and the very beginning seventeenth centuries largely by the Aristotelian theory, especially those human faculties belonging to what was called the ‘sensible soul’. In terms of this theory, recounted throughout the medical, psychological and moral literature of early Modern Age, I wish to emphasize in this paper the Aristotelian theoretical influences in the intellectual culture of pre-Cartesian Europe.

Uso de los sistemas de información documental en la educación superior: estado del arte Use of the Documental Information Systems in Higher Education: State of the Art

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Edilma Naranjo Vélez

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Considerando que los Sistemas de Información Documental (SID cumplen un papel mediador en los procesos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje en la educación superior, se presenta el estado del arte que da cuenta de la necesidad de abordar este tema a partir de la relación entre la didáctica y la bibliotecología, para encontrar fuentes bibliográficas que permitan sustentar teóricamente una estrategia didáctica para enseñar a usar los SID a los profesores, y así estos los utilicen y puedan enseñar datos e información generando conocimiento, superando la memorización y repetición en los estudiantes. A partir de un enfoque hermenéutico que posibilita mostrar el avance y las tendencias del tema en diferentes países, se acude al proceso de búsqueda, recuperación, selección y evaluación de los documentos disponibles en bases de datos, bibliotecas, sitios Web, buscadores y repositorios, etc. Con los documentos seleccionados, se realiza el análisis, comprensión, interpretación y una posterior síntesis, que se presenta en este artículo, de manera concreta resaltando la metodología empleada y los resultados obtenidos; pues se comprueba que los SID con la connotación que se le da en este escrito, apenas comienzan a ser tratados como medios y espacio didáctico, ya que en gran parte al aludir al uso de la información, se centran en las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación -TIC- con énfasis en Internet y los buscadores.Taking into account that the Documental Information Systems (DIS have a role of mediator in the teaching and learning processes in higher education, a state of the art that shows the need to talk about this topic is presented here starting from the relation between the didactics and the library science in order to find bibliographic sources that allow to theoretically support an strategy to teach professors how to use the DIS, so that they can effectively use them and teach data and information, generating

DEBRIS DISKS IN THE SCORPIUS–CENTAURUS OB ASSOCIATION RESOLVED BY ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lieman-Sifry, Jesse; Hughes, A. Meredith; Flaherty, Kevin M. [Department of Astronomy, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, 96 Foss Hill Drive, Middletown, CT 06459 (United States); Carpenter, John M. [Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States); Gorti, Uma [SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA (United States); Hales, Antonio [Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array, Joint ALMA Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura 763-0355, Santiago (Chile)

2016-09-01

We present a CO(2-1) and 1240 μ m continuum survey of 23 debris disks with spectral types B9-G1, observed at an angular resolution of 0.″5–1″ with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA). The sample was selected for large infrared excess and age ∼10 Myr, to characterize the prevalence of molecular gas emission in young debris disks. We identify three CO-rich debris disks, plus two additional tentative (3 σ) CO detections. Twenty disks were detected in the continuum at the >3 σ level. For the 12 disks in the sample that are spatially resolved by our observations, we perform an independent analysis of the interferometric continuum visibilities to constrain the basic dust disk geometry, as well as a simultaneous analysis of the visibilities and broadband spectral energy distribution to constrain the characteristic grain size and disk mass. The gas-rich debris disks exhibit preferentially larger outer radii in their dust disks, and a higher prevalence of characteristic grain sizes smaller than the blowout size. The gas-rich disks do not exhibit preferentially larger dust masses, contrary to expectations for a scenario in which a higher cometary destruction rate would be expected to result in a larger mass of both CO and dust. The three debris disks in our sample with strong CO detections are all around A stars: the conditions in disks around intermediate-mass stars appear to be the most conducive to the survival or formation of CO.

Diagnóstico del grado de alfabetización informacional en los profesionales del Centro Tecnologías para la Formación de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas

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Tamayo-Rueda, Deymis

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The increase in information curren tly available as a result of the evolution of the Internet has brought about socio-cultural phenomena such as the «infoxication» of informational service users. So much information on any single subject, together with the ease of publishing even further on the same topic, makes it confusing, and even diffi cult, to know what to look for and what is best suited to the information need in question. One way to address this phenomenon is through information literacy, thus providing mechanisms, strategies and criteria for searching and retrieving information available on the web. The mission statements of some information institutions emphasize the importance of offering information literacy programs for the benefi t of their users. From this premise the Information and Knowledge Management Group (GIC of the Technologies Training Center (FORTES at the University of Informatics Sciences (UCI, which researches and develops software products related to educational technologies, has developed products and services for improving information literacy among its users. The group has carried out the current research in order to diagnose the state of information literacy among the GIC’s users at FORTES.

El auge informacional disponible en la actualidad a partir de la evolución de Internet, ha traído consigo fenómenos socioculturales, como la denominada infoxicación de los usuarios de los servicios informacionales. Existe tanta información sobre un mismo tema, y la posibilidad además de publicar otras sobre la misma problemática, que ya resulta confuso y hasta complejo saber qué buscar y qué es lo más idóneo para la necesidad informativa en cuestión. Una de las vías para resolver este fenómeno, es la Alfabetización Informacional, capaz de brindar mecanismos, estrategias y criterios de búsqueda y recuperación de la información disponible en la web. Algunas instituciones de información incluyen

Analysis of antenna position measurements and weather station network data during the ALMA long baseline campaign of 2015

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, Todd R.; Lucas, Robert; Broguière, Dominique; Fomalont, Ed B.; Dent, William R. F.; Phillips, Neil; Rabanus, David; Vlahakis, Catherine

2016-07-01

In a radio interferometer, the geometrical antenna positions are determined from measurements of the observed delay to each antenna from observations across the sky of many point sources whose positions are known to high accuracy. The determination of accurate antenna positions relies on accurate calibration of the dry and wet delay of the atmosphere above each antenna. For the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA), with baseline lengths up to 15 kilometers, the geography of the site forces the height above mean sea level of the more distant antenna pads to be significantly lower than the central array. Thus, both the ground level meteorological values and the total water column can be quite different between antennas in the extended configurations. During 2015, a network of six additional weather stations was installed to monitor pressure, temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity, in order to test whether inclusion of these parameters could improve the repeatability of antenna position determinations in these configurations. We present an analysis of the data obtained during the ALMA Long Baseline Campaign of October through November 2015. The repeatability of antenna position measurements typically degrades as a function of antenna distance. Also, the scatter is more than three times worse in the vertical direction than in the local tangent plane, suggesting that a systematic effect is limiting the measurements. So far we have explored correcting the delay model for deviations from hydrostatic equilibrium in the measured air pressure and separating the partial pressure of water from the total pressure using water vapor radiometer (WVR) data. Correcting for these combined effects still does not provide a good match to the residual position errors in the vertical direction. One hypothesis is that the current model of water vapor may be too simple to fully remove the day-to-day variations in the wet delay. We describe possible new avenues of

Preferencias de los pacientes sobre la información de su enfermedad Patients' preferences for information in health care decision-making

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Raúl A Borracci

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una encuesta a pacientes que concurrían a servicios de cardiología para conocer cómo preferían ser informados sobre su estado de salud, y las características sociodemográficas asociadas con estas preferencias, considerando los siguientes ítems: conocimiento sobre la enfermedad, información sobre opciones terapéuticas y toma de decisiones. De 770 encuestados, 738 (95.8% respondieron completamente el formulario. Se observó una tendencia a confiar sólo en el médico para obtener información (81.7%, a querer conocer las opciones de tratamiento y poder opinar (85.9% y en menor medida, a la participación de la familia en las decisiones (63.2%. El 9.6% deseaba recibir la información mínima necesaria o "no saber nada" sobre una presunta enfermedad grave. Los varones fueron menos proclives a solicitar opciones y dar opinión (OR: 0.64, dando menos libertad a la participación familiar (OR: 1.31. Los de menor nivel socioeconómico reclamaron menos opciones (OR: 0.48 y dieron menor participación familiar (OR: 1.79. Los provenientes de otros países de Sudamérica tuvieron una menor tendencia a reclamar opciones y manifestar opinión (OR: 0.60; y los de menor nivel educativo confiaron menos en el conocimiento del médico (OR: 1.81, exigieron menos opciones (OR: 0.45 y prefirieron no conocer la gravedad de la enfermedad (OR: 0.56. El análisis de las variables demográficas permitió definir distintas preferencias de información asociadas a la edad, sexo, procedencia, educación, religión y estado de salud. Se concluye que, aunque es imperativo promover la autonomía del paciente, se deben conocer las preferencias individuales antes de informar y comprometer al paciente en el proceso de toma de decisiones sobre su enfermedad.A survey was carried out among patients who concurred to cardiologic services to know how patients preferred to be informed about their health status, and the demographic characteristics associated to these

Informe sobre los elementos prefabricados de yeso utilizados hoy día en Francia

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Courivaud, I.

1965-03-01

Full Text Available Not availableAunque la fabricación de losetas o placas de yeso no es una industria nueva en Francia, aproximadamente en el año 1920 cuando empiezan a aparecer en el mercado francés los primeros elementos prefabricados de yeso. Por primera vez estos elementos fabricados industrialmente tenían sus dimensiones perfectamente "calibradas y presentaban sus paramentos perfectamente lisos; no requiriendo una vez montados los tradicionales enlucidos para su acabado.

La ordenación de los asientos bibliográficos en los catálogos. Hacia una normativa internacional

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Frías, José Antonio

1995-09-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the issue of bibliographic entry filing related to the retrieval of the information contained in catalogues. The main problems created by the filing of automated catalogues are discussed and the codes drawn up by the Library of Congress, the British Library and the Library Association are analysed. The attempts made by two international organizations, IFLA and ISO, in order to achieve a higher degree of uniformity in the rules for catalogue and bibliography filing, also taking into consideration the use of computers in the treatment of bibliographic data and their international exchange, are described.

Se hace un planteamiento general de la problemática de la ordenación de los asientos bibliográficos en relación con la recuperación de la información contenida en los catálogos. Se exponen los principales problemas que presenta la ordenación de las entradas en los catálogos automatizados y se analizan los nuevos códigos elaborados por la Library of Congress, la British Library y la Library Association. Finalmente, se describen los intentos llevados a cabo por dos organismos internacionales, IFLA e ISO, para lograr un mayor grado de uniformidad en las reglas de ordenación de catálogos y bibliografías teniendo en cuenta la utilización de ordenadores en el tratamiento de los datos bibliográficos y el intercambio internacional de los mismos.

El ladrillo en la arquitectura ecléctica y modernista de la ciudad de Zamora: análisis de los tipos, los aparejos y la ejecución de los muros

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Rodríguez-Esteban, M. A.

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The present work studies the types of bricks used on the façades of the 19th century buildings of the City of Zamora. The study covers not only the bricks themselves but also their relationship with the use the buildings were put to. The analysis is essentially technical, focusing on both the material and morphological aspects of the bricks and the relationship between them and the different construction systems used to build the walls. The existence of abundant and varied original literature, together with information collected “in situ” about the buildings preserved in the City, has allowed an exhaustive study that stands out as an initial aim since it will offer a way to guide future actions of conservation and interventions aimed at preserving the elements of interest.El presente trabajo lleva a cabo una investigación sobre los tipos de ladrillos empleados en las fachadas de los inmuebles de la época decimonónica de la capital zamorana. Este estudio engloba no sólo los ladrillos sino la relación de los mismos con los usos de los inmuebles. El análisis desarrollado es fundamentalmente técnico, centrándose tanto en los aspectos materiales y morfológicos de las piezas como en la relación existente entre los mismos y los diferentes sistemas constructivos empleados en la ejecución de sus muros. La existencia de múltiple y variada documentación original, combinada con la información recabada in situ sobre los inmuebles que se conservan en la ciudad, ha permitido realizar un estudio exhaustivo y detallado, que se destaca como el objetivo primordial, pues permitirá desarrollar de cara a las futuras actuaciones de conservación, intervenciones para preservar y actuar sobre los elementos de interés.

Los hallazgos de armas en los campamentos romanos alrededor de Numancia

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Luik, Martin

2010-12-01

Full Text Available This paper provides an overview of the finds of arms and armour from the Roman camps around Numantia, i.e. the circumvallation surrounding the oppidum of Renieblas. Virtually all of the material presented was recovered during the 1906-1912 excavations led by Adolf Schulten. Since the conclusion of these research campaigns, there have only been isolated surface finds. The entire corpus of finds was drawn and - in part - photographed. The material was furher analysed and published as a monograph (Luik 2002. A particularly interesting result of this analysis is that there are relatively few defensive items such as body-armour or shield bosses. Offensive weaponry, and ranged weapons in particular, on the other hand, are frequent and include spearheads, socketed as well as tanged pila and various types of arrow and bolt heads. Interestingly, there are few swords or daggers, and little associated equipment parts. All in all, the presented fi nds provide a unique insight into the equipment and arms of the Roman Army during the Late Republic. At the same time, the corpus of material discussed and presented provides new information regarding the internal structure of the Roman Army at the time.

Este artículo pretende ofrecer un panorama general de los hallazgos de armas en los campamentos romanos alrededor de Numancia (línea de circunvalación en torno al oppidum, Renieblas. Los descubrimientos proceden casi en su totalidad de las excavaciones que se realizaron en los años 1906 a 1912 bajo la dirección de Adolf Schulten. Desde entonces, sólo hay que sumar algunos hallazgos aislados. La totalidad de los objetos ha sido documentada y sometida a un nuevo estudio científico y, finalmente, se presentó en forma de monografía en el año 2002 (Luik, 2002 con resumen español: 173-sq. En general, llama la atención la reducida proporción de armas defensivas (corazas de discos, cotas de malla, umbo de escudos. Por el contrario, las armas

Poscosecha de Precisión en los Albores del siglo XXI

OpenAIRE

Correa Hernando, Eva Cristina; Barreiro Elorza, Pilar

2015-01-01

Según la FAO (Gustavsson et al., 2011) todos los años un tercio de los alimentos producidos para consumo humano se pierden o desperdician. En su informe de 2011 ?Pérdidas y desperdicio de alimentos en el mundo?, este organismo cifra en 1.300 millones de toneladas los alimentos que no llegan al consumidor final. Las altas pérdidas que se producen también en los procesos poscosecha en forma de derrames, de disminución de la calidad y/o acortamiento de la vida útil de frutas y hortalizas justifi...

THE MOLECULAR WIND IN THE NEAREST SEYFERT GALAXY CIRCINUS REVEALED BY ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zschaechner, Laura K.; Walter, Fabian; Farina, Emanuele P.; Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik [Max Planck Institute für Astronomie—Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg (Germany); Bolatto, Alberto; Veilleux, Sylvain [Department of Astronomy and Joint Space Science Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20642 (United States); Leroy, Adam [Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, 140 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 (United States); Meier, David S. [Department of Physics, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801 (United States); Ott, Jürgen, E-mail: zschaechner@mpia.de [National Radio Astronomy Observatory—P.O. Box O, 1003 Lopezville Road, Socorro, NM 87801 (United States)

2016-12-01

We present ALMA observations of the inner 1′ (1.2 kpc) of the Circinus galaxy, the nearest Seyfert. We target CO (1–0) in the region associated with a well-known multiphase outflow driven by the central active galactic nucleus (AGN). While the geometry of Circinus and its outflow make disentangling the latter difficult, we see indications of outflowing molecular gas at velocities consistent with the ionized outflow. We constrain the mass of the outflowing molecular gas to be 1.5 × 10{sup 5}−5.1 × 10{sup 6} M {sub ⊙}, yielding a molecular outflow rate of 0.35–12.3 M {sub ⊙} yr{sup −1}. The values within this range are comparable to the star formation (SF) rate in Circinus, indicating that the outflow indeed regulates SF to some degree. The molecular outflow in Circinus is considerably lower in mass and energetics than previously studied AGN-driven outflows, especially given its high ratio of AGN luminosity to bolometric luminosity. The molecular outflow in Circinus is, however, consistent with some trends put forth by Cicone et al., including a linear relation between kinetic power and AGN luminosity, as well as its momentum rate versus bolometric luminosity (although the latter places Circinus among the starburst galaxies in that sample). We detect additional molecular species including CN and C{sup 17}O.

La informática forense y los delitos informáticos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alex Canedo Estrada

2010-07-01

Full Text Available ResumenEste artículo da una mirada general acerca de la informática forense, su definición y su implicaciónen la forma como se trata la información en el mundo. Además, muestra la importancia de lainformática forense y su puesta en práctica de manera efectiva, de la mano con diferentesherramientas tecnológicas. En definitiva, explica su aplicación, así como la legislación existenteen materia de delitos informáticos en nuestro país.Palabras claves: Informática forense, delito informático, auditoría informática, seguridad. AbstractThis paper gives a general look about the forensic computer science, its definition and maincharacteristics. Also, it shows the importance that the forensic computer science is put into practicein an effective way, together with deferent technology tools. Finally, explains the application, aswell the existent legislation for computer science crime in our country. Key Words: Forensic computer science, computer science crime, computer science audit,computer science security, technology and tools.

La conducta informativa de los físicos: un estudio cualitativo de usuarios = The informative behaviour of the physicists: a qualitative study of the users

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nancy Diana Gómez

2001-06-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es examinar la conducta informativa en el proceso de búsqueda y uso de la información de físicos que están en proceso o han concluido recientemente su tesis doctoral. Este estudio se realizó desde el abordaje del sense making centrado en el usuario. Se intenta explicar las situaciones comprendidas dentro del proceso de búsqueda y uso de la información, en términos de elección de fuentes, criterios de juicio de relevancia utilizados, estrategias de organización, y estrategias de presentación de la información, tanto como los sentimientos de los físicos y la definición que dan de la información = The work analizes information seeking behavior of students who are in the process of getting a PhD in Physics or who have recently done so. The analysis was made within the sense making approach which is centered in the user. An attempt is made to explain situations in the seek and use of information in terms of the sources, the criteria used to determine its relevance, organizational strategies as well as information presentation strategies. The study also looks at the physicists feelings during the information seeking process and the way the idea of information evolves in their minds throughout their PhD.

Los consumos de medios de comunicación en los mayores de 50 años: entre el asombro y la nostalgia

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Lic. María Inés Loyola

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Este informe es parte de una investigación realizada durante el año 1997, a partir del análisis de entrevistas a personas mayores de 50 años para conocer sus modalidades de recepción de medios de comunicación en Córdoba.Como punto relevante del análisis, pudimos señalar el gran asombro que provocaba en los entrevistados la aparición de los cambios tecnológicos que impactaron particularmente en profundas transformaciones en los proceso de producción, circulación y consumo de medios. Este asombro ante lo novedoso no se observa en la sociedad actual, en todo caso lo asombroso es la ‘naturalidad’ conque se asiste a los más revolucionarios inventos, tal vez porque justamente lo que caracteriza a la sociedad argentina (y mundial de las últimas décadas es la globalización y la importancia capital de los medios masivos de comunicación en la constitución de ese escenario. A medida que se internan en sus recuerdos, la nostalgia aparece en los entrevistados, por la pérdida de los encuentros familiares alrededor de los medios.

CDC Vital Signs- Proteja a los pacientes contra la resistencia a los antibióticos (Protect Patients from Antibiotic Resistance)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast se basa en la edición de marzo del 2016 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Mientras reciben atención médica en un centro hospitalario, los pacientes pueden contraer infecciones graves asociadas a la atención médica. Infórmese sobre cómo prevenir las infecciones asociadas a la atención médica.

An ALMA study of the Orion Integral Filament. I. Evidence for narrow fibers in a massive cloud

Science.gov (United States)

Hacar, A.; Tafalla, M.; Forbrich, J.; Alves, J.; Meingast, S.; Grossschedl, J.; Teixeira, P. S.

2018-03-01

Aim. We have investigated the gas organization within the paradigmatic Integral Shape Filament (ISF) in Orion in order to decipher whether or not all filaments are bundles of fibers. Methods: We combined two new ALMA Cycle 3 mosaics with previous IRAM 30m observations to produce a high-dynamic range N2H+ (1-0) emission map of the ISF tracing its high-density material and velocity structure down to scales of 0.009 pc (or 2000 AU). Results: From the analysis of the gas kinematics, we identify a total of 55 dense fibers in the central region of the ISF. Independently of their location in the cloud, these fibers are characterized by transonic internal motions, lengths of 0.15 pc, and masses per unit length close to those expected in hydrostatic equilibrium. The ISF fibers are spatially organized forming a dense bundle with multiple hub-like associations likely shaped by the local gravitational potential. Within this complex network, the ISF fibers show a compact radial emission profile with a median FWHM of 0.035 pc systematically narrower than the previously proposed universal 0.1 pc filament width. Conclusions: Our ALMA observations reveal complex bundles of fibers in the ISF, suggesting strong similarities between the internal substructure of this massive filament and previously studied lower-mass objects. The fibers show identical dynamic properties in both low- and high-mass regions, and their widespread detection in nearby clouds suggests a preferred organizational mechanism of gas in which the physical fiber dimensions (width and length) are self-regulated depending on their intrinsic gas density. Combining these results with previous works in Musca, Taurus, and Perseus, we identify a systematic increase of the surface density of fibers as a function of the total mass per-unit-length in filamentary clouds. Based on this empirical correlation, we propose a unified star-formation scenario where the observed differences between low- and high-mass clouds, and the

The LLAMA 12 m mm/sub-mm radiotelescope in the Andes

Science.gov (United States)

Lepine, Jacques; Edemundo Arnal, Marcelo; de Graauw, Thijs; Abraham, Zulema; Gimenez de Castro, Guillermo; de Gouveia Dal Pino, Elisabete; Morras, Ricardo; Larrarte, Juan; Viramontes, José; Finger, Ricardo; Kooi, Jacob; Reeves, Rodrigo; Beaklini, Pedro

2015-08-01

LLAMA (Large Latin American Millimetric Array) is a joint Argentinean-Brazilian project of a 12m mm/sub-mm radio telescope similar to the APEX antenna, to be installed at a site at 4800 m altitude near San Antonio de Los Cobres in the Salta Province in Argentine, at 150 km from ALMA. The scientific cases for single dish and VLBI observations include black holes and accretion disks, the molecular evolution of interstellar clouds, the structure of the Galaxy, the formation of galaxies, and much more. The antenna was ordered to the company Vertex Antennentechnik in June 2014, and the construction is progressing quickly; it will be installed at the site in 2016. The radio telescope will be equipped with up to six receivers covering bands similar to those of ALMA. Cryostats with room for 3 cartridges, constructed by NAOJ (Tokyo,Japan), will be installed in each of the two Nasmyth cabins. Among the first receivers we will have an ALMA band 9 provided by NOVA (Groningen, Holland) and a band 5 from the Chalmers University (Sweden). Other receivers are still being discussed at the time of submission of this abstract,At high frequencies, VLBI observations at high frequencies could be made with ALMA, APEX and ASTE, and Northern radiotelescopes. In this way, LLAMA will be a seed for a Latin-American VLBI network.

An ALMA continuum survey of circumstellar disks in the upper Scorpius OB association

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carpenter, John M.; Ricci, Luca; Isella, Andrea [Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)

2014-05-20

We present ALMA 880 μm continuum observations of 20 K- and M-type stars in the Upper Scorpius OB association (Upper Sco) that are surrounded by protoplanetary disks. These data are used to measure the dust content in disks around low-mass stars (0.1-1.6 M {sub ☉}) at a stellar age of 5-11 Myr. Thirteen sources were detected in the 880 μm dust continuum at ≥3σ with inferred dust masses between 0.3 and 52 M {sub ⊕}. The dust masses tend to be higher around the more massive stars, but the significance is marginal in that the probability of no correlation is p ≈ 0.03. The evolution in the dust content in disks was assessed by comparing the Upper Sco observations with published continuum measurements of disks around ∼1-2 Myr stars in the Class II stage in the Taurus molecular cloud. While the dust masses in the Upper Sco disks are on average lower than in Taurus, any difference in the dust mass distributions is significant at less than 3σ. For stellar masses between 0.49 M {sub ☉} and 1.6 M {sub ☉}, the mean dust mass in disks is lower in Upper Sco relative to Taurus by Δlog M {sub dust} = 0.44 ± 0.26.

Commercialization of Los Alamos National Laboratory technologies via small businesses. Final report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brice, R.; Carton, D.; Rhyne, T. [and others

1997-06-01

Appendices are presented from a study performed on a concept model system for the commercialization of Los Alamos National Laboratory technologies via small businesses. Topics include a summary of information from the joint MCC/Los Alamos technology conference; a comparison of New Mexico infrastructure to other areas; a typical licensing agreement; technology screening guides; summaries of specific DOE/UC/Los Alamos documents; a bibliography; the Oak Ridge National Laboratory TCRD; The Ames Center for Advanced Technology Development; Los Alamos licensing procedures; presentation of slides from monthly MCC/Los Alamos review meetings; generalized entrepreneurship model; and a discussion on receiving equity for technology.

Docencia sobre las fuentes comerciales de información de medicamentos y opinión de los estudiantes de medicina Teaching on the commercial drug information and medical students opinion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Vallano

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Conocer la opinión de los estudiantes sobre un seminario que enseña la interacción de los médicos con las fuentes comerciales de información de los medicamentos. Sujetos y métodos. Se realizó una encuesta a los estudiantes de tercero de medicina sobre un seminario que trataba de las fuentes comerciales de información de medicamentos. El seminario incluyó una videograbación de un representante comercial de una empresa farmacéutica que presentaba un nuevo medicamento a un médico, y ejemplos de información sobre medicamentos incluida en el catálogo comercial Vademécum Internacional y en los anuncios publicitarios. Se preguntó a los estudiantes el grado de interés y de satisfacción con el seminario y qué nivel de utilidad creían que podían tener las actividades desarrolladas en el seminario en su futuro profesional. En la valoración de la opinión se utilizó una escala de Likert (de 0 a 10 puntos. Resultados. De 107 estudiantes que asistieron a los seminarios, 101 (94% participaron en la encuesta. La edad media de los estudiantes fue de 21 años (desviación estándar -DE-: 2,2 años y 75 fueron mujeres (74%. La puntuación media del grado de interés fue de 7,4 (DE: 1,5, del grado de satisfacción de 7,5 (DE: 1,6 y del grado de potencial utilidad de 7,6 (1,6. Conclusión. Los estudiantes de medicina están interesados en las actividades docentes sobre las fuentes de información comercial, y consideran que pueden ser potencialmente útiles para su futuro profesional. Es necesario formar y preparar a los estudiantes de medicina para la interacción con las fuentes comerciales de medicamentos.Aim. To know the opinion of the students about the teaching activities carried out in a seminar about the interaction of physicians with the drug information sources from pharmaceutical companies. Subjects and methods. A survey was carried out to know the opinions from third year medical students after a seminar about drug

A Community-Engaged Research Approach to Improve Mental Health Among Latina Immigrants: ALMA Photovoice.

Science.gov (United States)

Perez, Georgina; Della Valle, Pamela; Paraghamian, Sarah; Page, Rachel; Ochoa, Janet; Palomo, Fabiana; Suarez, Emilia; Thrasher, Angela; Tran, Anh N; Corbie-Smith, Giselle

2016-05-01

Recent Latina immigrants are at increased risk of poor mental health due to stressors associated with adapting to life in the United States. Existing social and health care policies often do not adequately address the mental health concerns of new Latino populations. Amigas Latinas Motivando el Alma, a community-partnered research project, seeks to improve immigrant Latinas' mental health outcomes. Using Photovoice methodology, promotoras (lay health advisors) reflected on community factors affecting mental health through photography and guided discussion. Discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using content analysis to identify salient themes. Promotoras reviewed codes to develop themes that they presented in community forums to reach local policy makers and to increase community awareness. These forums included an exhibit of the promotoras' photographs and discussion of action steps to address community concerns. Themes included transitioning to life in the United States, parenting, education, and combating racism. Nearly 150 stakeholders attended the community forums and proposed responses to promotoras' photographic themes. Our findings suggest that Photovoice provides an opportunity for Latinas and the larger community to identify issues that they find most important and to explore avenues for action and change by creating sustainable partnerships between the community and forum attendees. © 2015 Society for Public Health Education.

Valoraci ón de los instrumentos de eva luaci ón en los procesos de aprendizaje

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Oscar Flores Pérez

2012-09-01

Full Text Available El objetivo fue valorar los instrumentos de evaluación de los aprendizajes aplicados a los estudiantes en las carreras regulares de URACCAN, Recinto las Minas, 2008.El procedimiento de valoración fue mediante cinco muestras estratificadas en las carreras: Ingeniería, Administración, Ciencias Sociales e Informática para un nivel de significancia de α=0.05.Se realizaron entrevistas y encuestas a estudiantes y docentes así como revisión bibliográfica. Se encontró que se utilizan nueve categorías de ítems en los instrumentos evaluativos y que la planificación es espontánea. Los instrumentos evaluativos másutilizados son las preguntas cortas, respuestas cortas y verdadero – falso.La concordancia de los instrumentos evaluativos aplicados con las teorías que sostienen el proyecto pedagógico no es exhaustiva. Existe poca relación entre aspectos instruccionales, número de reactivos, representatividad de contenidos y niveles cognoscitivosevaluados y la distribución del grado de dificultad tiende a ser muy fáciles.El tipo de categoría de ítems más frecuente fue preguntas cortas (61%, la validez de contenido evaluada por estos reactivos fueron influenciados por el nivel de profundidad exigido por la pregunta. No se encontró fórmula alguna para evaluar la confiabilidad para preguntas con ítem de respuestas engendradas, sólo para las derespuestas seleccionadas, pero sobre la base del puntaje asignado por la o el docente a los instrumentos evaluativos analizados las carreras de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Licenciatura en Administración de Empresas y Ciencias Sociales con mención en Desarrollo Local e Ingeniería en Zootecnia se obtuvieron coeficientes alfa de 0.68,0.48, -0.84 y 0.70, respectivamente.

¿Es posible comparar el empleo informal en los países de América del Sur? Análisis de su definición, clasificación y medición

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marisol E. Ruiz

2015-01-01

Conclusiones: Una definición precisa y adecuada de empleo informal permitirá contemplar los matices que incluye el concepto, lo que hará posible visibilizar las carencias que afrontan la mayoría de los trabajadores informales. La necesidad de incorporar indicadores comunes entre los sistemas de información es un aspecto clave para efectuar comparaciones válidas entre países, así como para determinar el impacto sobre la salud pública que sufre la población empleada informalmente.

Los salesianos y los shuar construyendo la identidad cultural

OpenAIRE

Gnerre, Maurizio

2012-01-01

En el tema de las relaciones entre misioneros salesianos y el pueblo shuar existen, para los lectores interesados, algunas valiosas contribuciones de autores que conocieron y conocen muy bien, no solo la historia del vicariato Aposto?lico de Me?ndez y Gualaquiza, sino tambie?n el contexto histo?rico ma?s amplio en que se desarrollo? la actuacio?n de los salesianos entre los shuar, y en los u?ltimos cuarenta an?os tambie?n entre los achuar, en la Amazoni?a ecuatoriana.

Signos Vitales de los CDC-¡Los niños necesitan comer más frutas y verduras! (Children Need More Fruits and Vegetables!)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2014-08-05

Este podcast se basa en la edición de agosto del 2014 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Los niños en los EE. UU. no están comiendo suficientes frutas ni verduras. Aprenda qué puede hacer para abordar este problema.  Created: 8/5/2014 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 8/5/2014.

Políticas de austeridad y cambios en las pautas de uso de los servicios sanitarios. Informe SESPAS 2014

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosa Urbanos Garrido

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Se analizan los principales cambios en los patrones de utilización sanitaria que se están produciendo en España como consecuencia de la crisis y de las medidas adoptadas frente a ella. Se examina el impacto de la reforma en el diseño del copago farmacéutico, que ofrece como resultado una importante reducción en el número de recetas dispensadas en las oficinas de farmacia, si bien sus efectos sobre la adherencia al tratamiento, el acceso a tratamientos necesarios y efectivos, y en última instancia la salud, aún se desconocen. Asimismo, el artículo constata que en los años más recientes de la crisis se han producido aumentos en los tiempos y listas de espera de intervenciones quirúrgicas, y en la insatisfacción que los ciudadanos muestran hacia la sanidad pública. Del análisis de los datos de las Encuestas Nacionales de Salud 2006 y 2011/12 se concluye que, en lo que respecta a los servicios no cubiertos –en particular las visitas al dentista–, la crisis está teniendo un efecto disuasorio en la utilización sanitaria de las capas sociales más desfavorecidas. Se recomienda definir mejor el papel que deben tener las aportaciones de los usuarios dentro del ámbito del Sistema Nacional de Salud, y prestar atención y medios a quienes más lo necesitan, para evitar que los colectivos con mejor situación socioeconómica capturen los servicios que quedan disponibles tras los recortes de fondos públicos.

CDC Signos Vitales-Los anuncios de cigarrillos electrónicos y los jóvenes (E-cigarette Ads and Youth)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2016-01-05

Este podcast se basa en la edición de enero del 2016 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. La mayoría de los cigarrillos electrónicos, e-cigarrillos o e-cigarettes, contienen nicotina, que es muy adictiva y puede causar daños al cerebro en desarrollo. Más de 18 millones de estudiantes de escuela secundaria media y superior están expuestos a los anuncios de cigarrillos electrónicos. La exposición a estos anuncios puede estar contribuyendo al aumento en el consumo de los cigarrillos electrónicos entre los jóvenes. Sepa qué se puede hacer para mantener a nuestros jóvenes sanos y seguros.  Created: 1/5/2016 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 1/5/2016.

THE ALMA SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY IN THE HUBBLE ULTRA DEEP FIELD: IMPLICATIONS FOR SPECTRAL LINE INTENSITY MAPPING AT MILLIMETER WAVELENGTHS AND CMB SPECTRAL DISTORTIONS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carilli, C. L.; Walter, F. [National Radio Astronomy Observatory, P.O. Box 0, Socorro, NM 87801 (United States); Chluba, J. [Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL (United Kingdom); Decarli, R. [Max-Planck Institute for Astronomy, D-69117 Heidelberg (Germany); Aravena, M. [Nucleo de Astronomia, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejercito 441, Santiago (Chile); Wagg, J. [Square Kilometre Array Organisation, Lower Withington, Cheshire (United Kingdom); Popping, G. [European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748, Garching (Germany); Cortes, P. [Joint ALMA Observatory—ESO, Av. Alonso de Cordova, 3104, Santiago (Chile); Hodge, J. [Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL2333 RA Leiden (Netherlands); Weiss, A. [Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, D-53121 Bonn (Germany); Bertoldi, F. [Argelander Institute for Astronomy, University of Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, D-53121 Bonn (Germany); Riechers, D., E-mail: ccarilli@aoc.nrao.edu [Cornell University, 220 Space Sciences Building, Ithaca, NY 14853 (United States)

2016-12-10

We present direct estimates of the mean sky brightness temperature in observing bands around 99 and 242 GHz due to line emission from distant galaxies. These values are calculated from the summed line emission observed in a blind, deep survey for spectral line emission from high redshift galaxies using ALMA (the ALMA spectral deep field observations “ASPECS” survey). In the 99 GHz band, the mean brightness will be dominated by rotational transitions of CO from intermediate and high redshift galaxies. In the 242 GHz band, the emission could be a combination of higher order CO lines, and possibly [C ii] 158 μ m line emission from very high redshift galaxies ( z  ∼ 6–7). The mean line surface brightness is a quantity that is relevant to measurements of spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background, and as a potential tool for studying large-scale structures in the early universe using intensity mapping. While the cosmic volume and the number of detections are admittedly small, this pilot survey provides a direct measure of the mean line surface brightness, independent of conversion factors, excitation, or other galaxy formation model assumptions. The mean surface brightness in the 99 GHZ band is: T{sub B}  = 0.94 ± 0.09 μ K. In the 242 GHz band, the mean brightness is: T{sub B}  = 0.55 ± 0.033 μ K. These should be interpreted as lower limits on the average sky signal, since we only include lines detected individually in the blind survey, while in a low resolution intensity mapping experiment, there will also be the summed contribution from lower luminosity galaxies that cannot be detected individually in the current blind survey.

Los juicios de Cicerón sobre los Graco

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Gregorio HINOJO ANDRÉS

2010-02-01

Full Text Available De los movimientos sociales y políticos de la Antigüedad es probablemente el de los hermanos Graco el que ha suscitado mayor interés y atracción en los tiempos modernos, como acredita una densa y copiosa bibliografía. Algunos autores e investigadores interpretan el movimiento de los Graco como un conjunto de medidas y reformas tendentes a recomponer el ejército romano y la base de propietarios de donde extraer los futuros soldados, sin asignarles ningún tipo de contenido social y de reforma de las estructuras agrarias y de la propiedad de la tierra; un grupo mucho mayor piensa que el contenido social, los ideales humanísticos y una búsqueda de la justicia y de la equidad fueron los objetivos de las medidas de los dos tribunos, aunque discrepan estos autores en el contenido y alcance de estas medidas, ya que para uno era una simple reforma, mientras que otros hablan de una verdadera revolución. Hay, sin embargo, un rasgo común en la historiografía moderna y es la simpatía y valoración positiva con la que se describe y se juzga este movimiento, pese a la diversa ideología de los estudiosos.

Los árboles

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Jaime Paredes Pardo

1964-09-01

Full Text Available Los árboles son hijos del viento que transporta las semillas. En los valles anda de prisa, tanto que a veces alcanza a los trenes y a la melena de los caballos que espanta la algarabía de los pasajeros. Como los trenes, el viento tiene una frente de humo. De niebla como las montañas. ¿Pensará el viento?

La embriología estoica

OpenAIRE

Zamora Calvo, José María

2015-01-01

El embrión, para los estoicos, es un ser vivo porque es una parte del vientre que se alimenta como un fruto. La naturaleza (?????) es la tensión del hálito (??????) que da cuenta de las plantas, mientras que el alma (????)es la tensión del hálito que da cuenta de los animales. En el nacimiento, el hálito que era vegetal se vuelve animal, porque se enfría por el aire ambiente. Los neoplatónicos Plotino y Porfirio se enfrentan a la tesis estoica, testimoniada por Hierocles, de que el hálito cam...

Los pasivos mineros ambientales y los conflictos sociales en Hualgayoc

OpenAIRE

Pinto Herrera, Honori

2014-01-01

El trabajo trata sobre los pasivos ambientales mineros (PAM) y los conflictos sociales de Hualgayoc (Cajamarca), cuya atención ha sido considerada prioritaria por el Ministerio de Energía y Minas (MEM). Contiene número de PAM, una descripción histórica de este centro minero, una breve cronología que presenta los esfuerzos del MEM y FONAM para lograr la remediación de los PAM, finalmente se exponen los hechos estructurales y coyunturales que impiden la remediación cabal de los PAM en Hualgayoc...

Iniciando el análisis de los elecciones generales de octubre de 1982. (informe de un sondeo postelectoral

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RAFAEL LÓPEZ PINTOR

1982-01-01

Full Text Available Los resultados de un sondeo postelectoral sobre las elecciones generales de España en 1982 muestran la gran transferencia de votos de la Unión de Centro Democrático al Partido Socialista Obrero Español debido a: el deterioro de las condiciones económicas, el conflicto interno del partido, la incapacidad de la UCD para representar los intereses públicos, su imagen de gobierno con falta de autoridad. Un análisis de la afiliación partidista encuentra que los votantes de Alianza Popular son de derechas, de alto poder adquisitivo y hombres de negocios. Los votantes del PSOE son, generalmente, trabajadores, campesinos y gente mayor. Los votantes del UCD ocuparían un lugar político intermedio. No se considera interesante el 20% de abstencionismo.

México: educación pública y formación de un investigador en ciencias sociales

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Gustavo Garza

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este texto se reproduce la versión completa del discurso pronunciado por Gustavo Garza en la sesión solemne del H. Consejo Universitario de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, realizada el 20 de noviembre del 2014, en la cual se le otorgó el grado de Doctor Honoris Causa. Su argumento central es que los científicos sociales no surgen por mera genética, vocación o virtuosismo, sino que son producto de las insti - tuciones públicas de investigación universitaria, dentro del contexto social, económico y político en que se desenvuelven, además de ciertos atributos subjetivos. Utiliza su ciclo de vida escolar y de investigador para demostrar dicho planteamiento, siguiendo cro - nológicamente sus estudios y publicaciones principales: Facultad de Economía, Univer - sidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, alma mater primigenia (1962-1967; El Colegio de México, segunda alma mater (1967-1969; formación autodidacta en economía urba - na (1970-1976; Universidad de Cambridge, tercera alma mater (1972-1973; inves - tigador individual, UNAM , cuarta alma mater (1975-1985; dos décadas de libros convencionales (1985-2005; hacia una escuela de economía política urbana (2005- 2014; BUAP , quinta alma mater. Concluye que como una medida para revertir la grave violencia criminal que socava y amenaza con devastar a México, se debe reforzar la calidad académica de las universidades públicas, formando más y mejores estudian - tes e investigadores.

Errores algebraicos más comunes en los estudiantes de primer ingreso de las carreras de Informática, Administración y Turismo del Centro Universitario de los Valles de la Universidad de Guadalajara

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Emilio Ramírez Mora

2015-10-01

Full Text Available En la presente investigación se analizan los errores algebraicos más comunes que cometen los estudiantes de primer ingreso de las licenciaturas de Informática, Administración y Turismo. La acotación del estudio a errores algebraicos se debe a que los conocimientos algebraicos básicos constituyen un conocimiento deseable antes de cursar las asignaturas de Matemáticas I y Precálculo. El test se aplicó a un total de 198 estudiantes, el cual consta de 15 reactivos de opción múltiple y se tiene un 51.31% de respuestas incorrectas, un 5.08% de respuestas sin contestar. El promedio general de los 198 estudiantes es de 43.60. Un estudiante no obtuvo ninguna respuesta correcta, así como ninguno los 15 reactivos correctamente. El error más común fue para el reactivo número 15 con el 69.19% de respuestas incorrectas; este reactivo serefiere a encontrar la solución de una ecuación cuadrática.  SummaryIn this research the most common algebraic errors committed by first semester students of Informatics, Administration and Tourism programs are analyzed. The idea of studying algebraic errors is due to the fact that basic algebraic knowledge constitutes a desirable knowledge before studying the subjects of Math I and Precalculus. The test was applied to 198 students. This test is formed by 15 reagents of multiple option and it had a 51,31% of incorrect answers, and 5,08% of noanswered questions. The general average of the 198 students is 43,60. A student did not obtain any correct answer, as well as none got the 15 reagents correctly. The most common error was for the reagent number 15 with the 69,19% of incorrect answers; this point refers to find the solution of a quadratic equation.

Calidad de los sistemas de información de mortalidad por violencias en Argentina y Brasil - 1990-2010 The quality of information systems on violence-related deaths in Argentina and Brazil between 1990 and 2010

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Marcio Alazraqui

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Las muertes por violencias son un problema de salud pública por la magnitud de su impacto social y en los servicios de salud. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tendencia temporal a partir de los sistemas de información oficiales nacionales de mortalidad por violencias en Argentina y Brasil en el periodo 1990-2010. Se elaboraron indicadores de la calidad de la información según sexo, edad y causa de defunción. Los resultados muestran una tendencia temporal a la mejoría de calidad en los sistemas de información. Esta tendencia se repite cuando analizamos las muertes por violencias en particular, con una disminución de los registros por muertes por violencias de intencionalidad ignorada; y un porcentaje alto de muertes por armas de fuego de intencionalidad ignorada en Argentina. El análisis de la calidad de los sistemas de información de mortalidad por violencias permite detectar problemas y orientar acciones para obtener información de mayor calidad a fin de orientar políticas públicas preventivas.Violence-related deaths are a public health issue by virtue of the magnitude of their impact on society and on the health services. A study of the descriptive temporal trend was conducted using the official national information systems of violence-related mortality in Argentina and Brazil for the period from 1990 to 2010. Indicators were created to evaluate information quality by sex, age, and cause of death. The results demonstrate a temporal trend of improvement in the quality of the information systems. This trend is repeated especially when violence-related deaths are analyzed, with a decrease in the number of records for violence-related death of undetermined intent; as well as a high percentage of firearm-related deaths of undetermined intent in Argentina. The analysis of the quality of information systems regarding violence-related deaths makes it possible to detect problems and orient actions in order to obtain better quality

Estereotipos de género en los presentadores de los informativos

OpenAIRE

Teruel Centeno, Ana

2016-01-01

En base a la relevancia que los presentadores de informativos tienen en el medio y en la audiencia, este trabajo estudia los estereotipos de género en los presentadores de los espacios informativos de TV de las principales cadenas españolas. Se analizan sus características físicas, estilismo y también la comunicación no verbal. Los resultados muestran los estereotipos de género actuales y sus diferencias con los estereotipos existentes en la comunicación publicitaria.

Los Cactos

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García Paredes Antonio

1942-12-01

Full Text Available El Cacto Cactus es uno de los géneros de plantas de la familia de las Cacteas Nopaleas que contiene muchas especies y variedades todas de formas extrañas, propias de la América intertropical y que habitan en los climas fríos y templados, en terrenos secos y estériles, desde el norte de Méjico hasta la Patagonia. Algunos cactos se cultivan por sus frutos que son sanosy sabrosos, otros como plantas ornamentales en los parques y jardines, otros como auxiliares para la industria, como los nopales en los que se cría la Cochinilla, insecto de la familia de los Hemípteros que produce la laca o carmín, materia colorante indispensable en la pintura al óleo y la acuarela, y por último, hoy están en moda y se cultivan con esmero una gran variedad de diminutos cactos exóticosque se mantienen sobre arena húmeda en pequeñas maceteras de porcelana, en los lugares más visibles de las habitaciones.

Derechos de los animales, deberes de los humanos

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López de la Vieja, María Teresa

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Applied Ethics usually refers to human beings, to their practical problems and to their interests. However, the sphere of ethical issues has expanded during the last years. In spite of the fact that the moral point of view is still grounded on anthropocentrism, the environment and living beings are now the aim object of some moral concern. Justice, as a moral principle, could expand itself, as well, in order to include nonhuman beings: their interest and their welfare. Prom a moderate anthropocentric standpoint, this article defends an asymmetrical moral concern. Indeed, we could understand animal' s rights only as a result of human duties towards the own species. This essay claims for direct duties to future generations of humans, and for indirect duties to nonhUman. Therefore, justice between species would enlarge justice between generations.

La Ética aplicada se suele referir a los problemas prácticos e intereses de los seres humanos. Sin embargo, las cuestiones éticas se han ido ampliando en los últimos años. A pesar de que el punto de vista moral sigue anclado en un enfoque antropocéntrico, el medio ambiente y los seres vivos son ahora objeto de alguna consideración moral. La justicia, como principio moral, puede ampliarse también hasta incluir a los no humanos, sus intereses y su bienestar. Desde un enfoque antropocéntrico moderado, el artículo defiende en este tema una consideración moral asimétrica; pues sólo podemos entender los derechos de los animales como resultado de los deberes de los humanos hacia la propia especie. Son deberes directos hacia las generaciones futuras de humanos, deberes indirectos hacia los no humanos. Por tanto, la justicia entre especies amplía la idea de justicia entre generaciones.

Descubrimiento de conocimiento en lecciones aprendidas documentadas en los procesos de cierre de proyectos informáticos

OpenAIRE

Eliana Bárbara Ril Valentín; Rafael Rodríguez Puente; Pedro Y. Piñero Pérez; Hugo A. Martínez Noriegas

2013-01-01

La documentación de lecciones aprendidas permite visualizar los errores del pasado y mejorar el trabajo futuro. Aprender de la experiencia de proyectos anteriores contribuye a disminuir los riesgos, evitar problemas ya identificados y reutilizar las buenas prácticas para reducir el número de proyectos no exitosos. El objetivo de esta investigación es descubrir conocimiento a partir de la aplicación de árboles de decisión y tablas de contingencia en lecciones aprendidas documentadas en los pro...

Viaje Antártico

OpenAIRE

Lasa, Gorka

2017-01-01

Ah, qué grandiosa sensación esta de poder caminar por los eternos hielos y dejar que mi vista se pierda en el horizonte crepuscular de esta desolada región! Aquellas solitarias islas, lamentos blancos en la distancia, aquellos azules glaciares llorando su neblina de frío y siglos. Al llamado lejano, mi alma se ve arrastrada por los vientos australes. Mítico ensueño que genera en mi imaginación el gran continente antártico. Belleza misteriosa e intimidante de la vastedad casi mágica que envuel...

Los arquetipos de los MCM: héroes y antíhéroes de los niños

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OLIVIA VELARDE

1992-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se ha llevado a cabo desde un enfoque que toma en cuenta la interdependencia entre los factores sociales, comunicativos y cognitivos en los procesos de enculturización infantil. La autora analiza las correspondencias existentes entre el uso de los MCM y las representaciones que los niños construyen sobre sí mismos y sobre el mundo que les rodea. Sobre la base de elementos de naturaleza tan heterogénea como los héroes de los relatos en los MCM, se muestra que el laborioso trabajo cognitivo realizado por los niños cuando definen la identidad y el comportamiento de los héroes sirve, sobre todo, para la autoafirmación del rol sexual; y que el trabajo no menos laborioso que llevan a cabo cuando definen qué puede ser imitado y no imitado de los personajes de los MCM y cuál es la importancia social de éstos sirve, sobre todo, para definir el rol de clase.

ALMA constraints on star-forming gas in a prototypical z = 1.5 clumpy galaxy: the dearth of CO(5-4) emission from UV-bright clumps

Science.gov (United States)

Cibinel, A.; Daddi, E.; Bournaud, F.; Sargent, M. T.; le Floc'h, E.; Magdis, G. E.; Pannella, M.; Rujopakarn, W.; Juneau, S.; Zanella, A.; Duc, P.-A.; Oesch, P. A.; Elbaz, D.; Jagannathan, P.; Nyland, K.; Wang, T.

2017-08-01

We present deep ALMA CO(5-4) observations of a main-sequence, clumpy galaxy at z = 1.5 in the HUDF. Thanks to the ˜0{^''.}5 resolution of the ALMA data, we can link stellar population properties to the CO(5-4) emission on scales of a few kiloparsec. We detect strong CO(5-4) emission from the nuclear region of the galaxy, consistent with the observed LIR-L^' }_CO(5-4) correlation and indicating ongoing nuclear star formation. The CO(5-4) gas component appears more concentrated than other star formation tracers or the dust distribution in this galaxy. We discuss possible implications of this difference in terms of star formation efficiency and mass build-up at the galaxy centre. Conversely, we do not detect any CO(5-4) emission from the UV-bright clumps. This might imply that clumps have a high star formation efficiency (although they do not display unusually high specific star formation rates) and are not entirely gas dominated, with gas fractions no larger than that of their host galaxy (˜50 per cent). Stellar feedback and disc instability torques funnelling gas towards the galaxy centre could contribute to the relatively low gas content. Alternatively, clumps could fall in a more standard star formation efficiency regime if their actual star formation rates are lower than generally assumed. We find that clump star formation rates derived with several different, plausible methods can vary by up to an order of magnitude. The lowest estimates would be compatible with a CO(5-4) non-detection even for main-sequence like values of star formation efficiency and gas content.

SIGNATURES OF MRI-DRIVEN TURBULENCE IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS: PREDICTIONS FOR ALMA OBSERVATIONS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Simon, Jacob B. [Department of Space Studies, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302 (United States); Hughes, A. Meredith; Flaherty, Kevin M. [Astronomy Department, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, 96 Foss Hill Dr., Middletown, CT 06459 (United States); Bai, Xue-Ning [Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., MS-51, Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States); Armitage, Philip J., E-mail: jbsimon.astro@gmail.com [JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0440 (United States)

2015-08-01

Spatially resolved observations of molecular line emission have the potential to yield unique constraints on the nature of turbulence within protoplanetary disks. Using a combination of local non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations and radiative transfer calculations, tailored to properties of the disk around HD 163296, we assess the ability of ALMA to detect turbulence driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI). Our local simulations show that the MRI produces small-scale turbulent velocity fluctuations that increase in strength with height above the mid-plane. For a set of simulations at different disk radii, we fit a Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution to the turbulent velocity and construct a turbulent broadening parameter as a function of radius and height. We input this broadening into radiative transfer calculations to quantify observational signatures of MRI-driven disk turbulence. We find that the ratio of the peak line flux to the flux at line center is a robust diagnostic of turbulence that is only mildly degenerate with systematic uncertainties in disk temperature. For the CO(3–2) line, which we expect to probe the most magnetically active slice of the disk column, variations in the predicted peak-to-trough ratio between our most and least turbulent models span a range of approximately 15%. Additional independent constraints can be derived from the morphology of spatially resolved line profiles, and we estimate the resolution required to detect turbulence on different spatial scales. We discuss the role of lower optical depth molecular tracers, which trace regions closer to the disk mid-plane where velocities in MRI-driven models are systematically lower.

Los riesgos de los adolescentes en Internet: los menores como actores y víctimas de los peligros de Internet

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B Catalina García

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El uso intensivo de los adolescentes de Internet eleva la preocupación por los riesgos online. Metodología: Elaboración de un diagnóstico de riesgos a los que están sometidos los adolescentes españoles en Internet, atendiendo a la influencia de las variables de edad, sexo y titularidad del centro al que asisten. Sobre una encuesta nacional representativa realizada a 2.077 adolescentes, se analizan los riesgos en el ciberespacio: contenidos inapropiados, contacto con desconocidos y privacidad, ciberacoso, uso problemático/dependencia de Internet y, finalmente, se abordan las prácticas de seguridad adoptadas. Resultados y conclusiones: La elevada confianza que manifiestan los jóvenes coexiste con una alta exposición involuntaria a contenidos inapropiados online (pornografía, violencia, promoción del alcohol y drogas o patologías alimentarias, junto a la normalización de diversas fórmulas de ciberacoso y un porcentaje significativo de adolescentes que dedican un tiempo excesivo a navegar o que se manifiestan dependientes de determinados servicios de Internet.

Preparación de informes contables ambientales

OpenAIRE

García Casella, Carlos Luis

2011-01-01

Partiendo de la definición de Contabilidad llegamos a la llamada Contabilidad Ambiental como una rama de la disciplina que necesita tratar varios temas principales. Uno de ellos es el establecimiento de Sistemas Contables Ambientales que produzcan informes Contables Ambientales. A la vez hay que establecer Planes Contables Integrados en el tema ambiental y hay que lograr que los informes contables ambientales incluyan los efectos de los mecanismos de desarrollo limpio. Al tratar el tema de la...

A survey of macromycete diversity at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bandelier National Monument, and Los Alamos County; A preliminary report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jarmie, N.; Rogers, F.J. [Mycology Associates, Los Alamos, NM (United States)

1997-11-01

The authors have completed a 5-year survey (1991--1995) of macromycetes found in Los Alamos County, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Bandelier National Monument. The authors have compiled a database of 1,048 collections, their characteristics, and identifications. The database represents 123 (98%) genera and 175 (73%) species reliably identified. Issues of habitat loss, species extinction, and ecological relationships are addressed, and comparisons with other surveys are made. With this baseline information and modeling of this baseline data, one can begin to understand more about the fungal flora of the area.

Aproximación cultural y textual a los informes médico forenses en la traducción especializada francés/español

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Françoise Olmo Cazevieille

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En el ámbito de la traducción judicial francés-español, los informes forenses se han estudiado muy poco por ser documentos confidenciales de acceso limitado. No obstante, su estudio resulta de gran interés para los profesionales de la traducción especializada pues están relacionados con varias disciplinas, entre otras, el derecho y la medicina. Para caracterizarlos mejor, estudiaremos el contexto cultural de estos documentos, comprobaremos las variaciones en cuanto a su denominación en las dos lenguas y analizaremos su macroestructura mediante un estudio contrastivo de documentos originales para aportar datos que caractericen este género textual y su tipología en Francia y en España.

Prefabricación en madera. El sistema H B

OpenAIRE

Editorial, Equipo

2017-01-01

Los elementos HB constituyen una nueva forma de empleo de la madera en la construcción de pabellones industriales. El elemento HB fundamental se compone de una sección "I", en la cual tanto el alma como las alas están formadas por secciones normales de madera, cuyas fuerzas internas se transmiten por un sistema combinado de encolado y clavado.

Los productos interactivos: haciendo clic en la articulación

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Mac Gaul de Jorge, Marcia Ivonne

2006-01-01

Full Text Available La Universidad Nacional de Salta y la Enseñanza EGB3 y Polimodal, dependiente de la Dirección General de Educación Polimodal del Ministerio de Educación de la provincia concretaron durante los años 2005-2006 un Proyecto de Articulación denominado "Las TICs y los MCS (Medios de Comunicación Social como estrategia académica de Articulación entre la Universidad, Docentes y Comunidad Escolar de Enseñanza Media-Polimodal en Salta". Este proyecto brindó un espacio para concretar una estrategia de planeamiento educacional destinada a relacionar, organizar, coordinar y establecer pautas y criterios compartidos de acción en torno a objetivos, que arrojen como resultado la ponderación de logros y la mejor calidad del objeto social a trabajar por las áreas involucradas, entre las cuales se cuenta el área de Informática. Los autores de este trabajo, co-responsables del Proyecto por parte de la Universidad, con funciones de consultores contenidistas, describiremos las actividades compartidas entre los docentes de ambos niveles, las cuales dieron lugar al establecimiento de los contenidos considerados prioritarios desde una perspectiva educativa y a la especificación de requerimientos, que desde lo tecnológico, se tradujeron en los dos programas de software educativo desarrollados para alumnos de nivel Polimodal: Tecnología Informática (TI e Introducción a la Resolución de Problemas Computacionales (RPC.

THE HORTON-STRAHLER RIVER ORDER IMPLEMENTATION RELEVANCE WITHIN THE ANALYSIS OF THE ALMAŞ BASIN RELIEF

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MĂDĂLINA-IOANA RUS

2014-11-01

Full Text Available The Horton-Strahler River Order Implementation Relevance within the Analysis of the Almaș Basin. The purpose of the present study/research aims at underlining the importance of the enforcement of the river order within the analysis of the Almaș basin relief. The topic was chosen based on the fact that the hydrographic networks hierarchy offers at the same time quality and quantity information, on the relief evolution tendency and also the chance to compare the Almaș tributary sub-basins ones with the others and also with other basins of the same order belonging to other morphological units. The results thus achieved offer information on the rivers order, the confluence report, the river segments density, the form/shape report. The values corresponding to the previously mentioned index, have led us to formulating the following conclusion: the evolution of the Almaș hydrographic network appears therefore strongly influenced by the lithologic sub-layer, by the presence of brittle rocks, by accentuated fragmentation and by the wide energy of the relief, nevertheless by the presence of the local subsidence area/region of Someș, from Jibou.

Dimensiones Informativas y Objetivos del Informe de Auditoria

OpenAIRE

Emiliano Ruiz Barbadillo

1998-01-01

El informe de auditoria es el medio a través del cual el auditor comunica los resultados de la auditoria a los usuarios de la información contable, siendo el único contacto de éstos con la auditoria por lo que puede afirmarse que dicho informe es la "cara pública" de la auditoria. Esto explica que las expectativas que los usuarios se forman de la auditoria, la percepción que tengan de la labor profesional y el valor que obtengan de una auditoria van a estar vinculados al informe de auditoria....

Los Cursos Masivos en Línea en Coursera y su Empleo Potencial en los Programas de Ingeniería en América Latina

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Rolando Aguilar

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Los cursos masivos abierto en línea son un fenómeno reciente que ha revolucionado la forma en que se enfoca la educación superior a nivel mundial, fundamentalmente en ciertas temáticas y para los países más desarrollados. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de los idiomas y temáticas de los cursos que se ofertan en la plataforma Coursera, que es hoy una de las más importantes. Los resultados demuestra que son grandes las potencialidades de la actual oferta educativa de este tipo de cursos para ser empleado en las carreras de ingeniería en América Latina, no solo en el área de la Ingeniería en Informática o Computación, sino en otras ingenierías como son los casos de las Ingeniería Mecánica, Civil, Hidráulica, Eléctrica y Electrónica.

RETORNO DE PADRES Y/O MADRES MIGRANTES INTERNACIONALES DESDE LOS RELATOS DE LOS HIJOS E HIJAS, SIGNIFICADOS DE LOS ACUERDOS Y LOS PROYECTOS FAMILIARES

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Anatali Oquendo Lorduy

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo, aporta reflexiones sobre los estudios de migración internacional en Cartagena de Indias, a partir del análisis de experiencias de un grupo de hijos e hijas cuyos padres y/o madres han migrado por diversos motivos. En sus experiencias, se abordan los significados elaborados en torno al retorno, en particular aquellos sobre los acuerdos y proyectos familiares, que se movilizan a partir de los vínculos y expectativas que los migrantes van construyendo con hijos e hijas entre origen y destino, así como los cambios que pueden suscitarse, a lo largo del proceso migratorio, debido a la ausencia o presencia, que en conjunto lleven a reconfigurar sus expectativas de familias

En torno al arte europeo de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Aspectos de las relaciones forma–contenido o forma–función en la obra de Lawrence Alma–Tadema, Gottfried Semper y Richard Wagner

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Ángel Moreno Dopazo

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El trabajo se plantea como una reflexión sobre la dificultad actual para apreciar los valores, a menudo denostados, de los ya supuestamente lejanos arte y cultura del siglo XIX. De aquel rico mundo de referentes y asociaciones se destacan aquí las figuras del pintor realista Alma-Tadema, los arquitectos del Ring de Viena, con Semper como singular protagonista, y el músico Richard Wagner. Junto al análisis del complejo universo pictórico del artista holandés afincado en Inglaterra se presenta una reducida selección de obras arquitectónicas que culminan con los nuevos espacios para el arte más decisivamente alemán del XIX, la música.

ALMA CO(3-2) Observations of Star-forming Filaments in a Gas-poor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy

Science.gov (United States)

Consiglio, S. Michelle; Turner, Jean L.; Beck, Sara; Meier, David S.; Silich, Sergiy; Zhao, Jun-Hui

2017-11-01

We report ALMA observations of 12CO(3-2) and 13CO(3-2) in the gas-poor dwarf galaxy NGC 5253. These 0.″3(5.5 pc) resolution images reveal small, dense molecular gas clouds that are located in kinematically distinct extended filaments. Some of the filaments appear to be falling into the galaxy and may be fueling its current star formation. The most intense CO(3-2) emission comes from the central ˜100 pc region centered on the luminous radio-infrared H II region known as the supernebula. The CO(3-2) clumps within the starburst region are anti-correlated with Hα on ˜5 pc scales, but are well-correlated with radio free-free emission. Cloud D1, which enshrouds the supernebula, has a high 12CO/13CO ratio, as does another cloud within the central 100 pc starburst region, possibly because the clouds are hot. CO(3-2) emission alone does not allow determination of cloud masses as molecular gas temperature and column density are degenerate at the observed brightness, unless combined with other lines such as 13CO.

Alma observations of nearby luminous infrared galaxies with various agn energetic contributions using dense gas tracers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imanishi, Masatoshi [Subaru Telescope, 650 North A' ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720 (United States); Nakanishi, Kouichiro, E-mail: masa.imanishi@nao.ac.jp [National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan)

2014-07-01

We present the results of our ALMA Cycle 0 observations, using HCN/HCO{sup +}/HNC J = 4-3 lines, of six nearby luminous infrared galaxies with various energetic contributions from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) estimated from previous infrared spectroscopy. These lines are very effective for probing the physical properties of high-density molecular gas around the hidden energy sources in the nuclear regions of these galaxies. We find that HCN to HCO{sup +} J = 4-3 flux ratios tend to be higher in AGN-important galaxies than in starburst-dominated regions, as was seen at the J = 1-0 transition, while there is no clear difference in the HCN-to-HNC J = 4-3 flux ratios among observed sources. A galaxy with a starburst-type infrared spectral shape and very large molecular line widths shows a high HCN-to-HCO{sup +} J = 4-3 flux ratio, which could be due to turbulence-induced heating. We propose that enhanced HCN J = 4-3 emission relative to HCO{sup +} J = 4-3 could be used to detect more energetic activity than normal starbursts, including deeply buried AGNs, in dusty galaxy populations.

Botánica y Medicina africanas en la Nueva Granada, Siglo XVII.

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Luz Adriana Maya Restrepo.

2000-06-01

Full Text Available La relación que los bozales (africanos que llegaban directamente de Africa que no se expresaban en lengua castellana ni conocían la fe católica y sus hijos nacidos en la Nueva Granada mantuvieron con los vegetales y los animales, en particular las aves, es otro de los legados ancestrales que la nación colombiana le debe a Africa. Los africanos le transmitieron a sus descendientes saberes y técnicas sobre el mundo vegetal y animal. Estos conocimientos, que fueron utilizados para curar los males del cuerpo y los del alma, se caracterizaban por un componente experimental cuyo éxito dependía también de la interacción con los espíritus. De ahí que el Tribunal de la Inquisición de Cartagena hubiera juzgado a los africanos y a sus hijos en calidad de "brujos(as", "hechiceros(as" y "curanderos(as".

Los riesgos para los niños que usan internet

OpenAIRE

Instituto Argentino de Computación IAC

2015-01-01

Los niños que navegan por Internet pueden ser víctimas de hechos criminales, explotación y pornografía. No hay restricciones para publicar cualquier material por eso es responsabilidad de padres y maestros, así como personal la responsabilidad de asegurarse que los sitios de Internet sean seguros y apropiados. Relata los riesgos que existen, da consejos prácticos a los padres y reglas familiares porque no resulta práctico prohibirles a los niños el uso del Internet.

La opinión de los consumidores españoles sobre los alimentos transgénicos y su seguridad

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Múñoz, Emilio

2005-08-01

Full Text Available This paper presents the results of a study on the public perception of food safety issues and transgenic foods among Spanish citizens. The results show two distinct types of behavior with respect to the acquisition of a product based on a new technology (like biotechnology: the behavior as consumers of a product, and the behavior as citizen and user of this technology. One of the reasons for this schism is the difference between the relatively high level of (general information and the low level of (specific knowledge with respect to this technology. People in Spain perceive transgenic foods as similar to existing industrial foodstuffs. This leads a majority of them to reject purchasing those products. These attitudes are in line with the responses given in relation to the introduction of regulation (labeling of transgenic foodstuffs.

El presente artículo resume los resultados de una encuesta a ciudadanos españoles sobre su percepción de la seguridad alimentaria, especialmente en el área de los productos transgénicos. Los resultados indican que las personas se comportan de dos maneras distintas en el momento de comprar un producto: por un lado, como consumidores de un determinado producto y, por el otro, como usuarios (o ciudadanos-usuarios de tecnología. En ello influye que existe un alto nivel de información general sobre la biotecnología, pero todavía hay poco conocimiento sobre los aspectos específicos de los productos. La tecnología de los alimentos transgénicos se percibe en claves parecidas a los alimentos industriales existentes, lo que influye en las actitudes de compra (mayoritariamente de rechazo. Estas actitudes guardan relación con las respuestas aducidas para justificar el establecimiento de regulaciones (etiquetado sobre la comercialización de los alimentos modificados genéticamente.

Los nuevos derechos humanos: gobierno electrónico e informática comunitaria

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Javier Bustamante Donas

2007-05-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza la relación entre derechos humanos, tecnología y democracia. En particular, la relaciónentre el uso de Internet, las políticas de inclusión digital y el desarrollo del gobierno electrónico, con referencias alos casos de Brasil y España. Se identifican factores que suponen un cambio real en la definición de los límites de lademocracia y en el concepto de ciudadanía. El movimiento Linux, las comunidades virtuales y la ética de hackersson manifestaciones de una primera generación de usos alternativos de profundo poder transformador. Los conceptosde ciudadanía y de derechos humanos se redefinen en este nuevo entorno a partir de un nuevo conjunto devalores y metáforas, de un nuevo paradigma ético.

Determinantes del acceso a los productos financieros en los hogares colombianos

OpenAIRE

Santiago Rodríguez-Raga; Félix Francisco Riaño Rodríguez

2016-01-01

Existe evidencia que establece una asociación positiva entre el acceso a productos financieros, la riqueza y calidad de vida de los hogares, en especial de los hogares pobres. En este ámbito, este estudio busca entender los determinantes del acceso a los diferentes productos financieros en los hogares de Colombia, utilizando un modelo econométrico con base en la información contenida en la Encuesta Longitudinal Colombiana (ELCA) de la Universidad de los Andes. Como conclusión se encuentra que...

Ni "almas bellas" ni "guerreros justos": mujeres implicadas en violencia política

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Concepción Fernández Villanueva

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La implicación de las mujeres en violencia política ha sido invisibilizada, marginalizada y desvalorizada. Estudios recientes sobre su participación en conflictos bélicos, movimientos de resistencia, movimientos revolucionarios y grupos terroristas a lo largo del siglo XX y XXI permiten rescatar la visibilidad de este fenómeno así como interpretarlo a la luz de los procesos psicosociales del contexto, que son similares a los que explican la implicación de los varones: en particular, los procesos grupales y comunitarios de carácter psicosocial, la ideología política, y la transformación de la identidad de género en un momento histórico de conquista de la igualdad. Los estereotipos sexistas e incluso algunas interpretaciones de la psicología diferencial de los géneros contribuyen a distorsionar la explicación de la implicación de las mujeres en esta y otras formas de violencia. The involvement of women in political violence has been hidden, marginalized and devalued. Recent studies about involvement of women in armed conflicts, resistance movements, revolutionary movements and terrorist groups throughout the twentieth and twentieth-first centuries can rescue the visibility of this phenomenon and interpret it in the light of the psychosocial processes of the context, similar to those that explain the involvement of men: particularly, group and community psychosocial processes, political ideology, and gender identity transformation towards women equality. Sexist stereotypes and even some interpretations of the psychology of gender differences help to distort the explanation of the involvement of women in this and other forms of violence.

Los servicios ecosistémicos que ofrecen los bosques tropicales

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P. Balvanera

2012-01-01

Los servicios ecosistémicos son los beneficios que las sociedades obtienen de los ecosistemas. Este concepto permite hacer más explícita la interdependencia del bienestar humano y el mantenimiento del adecuado funcionamiento de los ecosistemas. Los bosques tropicales del mundo, debido a su amplia distribución, elevada diversidad y contribución a funciones clave del planeta como la regulación climática e hidrológica proveen una serie de servicios ecosistémicos críticos. En este artículo se hac...

Los riesgos para los niños que usan internet

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Instituto Argentino de Computación IAC

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Los niños que navegan por Internet pueden ser víctimas de hechos criminales, explotación y pornografía. No hay restricciones para publicar cualquier material por eso es responsabilidad de padres y maestros, así como personal la responsabilidad de asegurarse que los sitios de Internet sean seguros y apropiados. Relata los riesgos que existen, da consejos prácticos a los padres y reglas familiares porque no resulta práctico prohibirles a los niños el uso del Internet.

Determinantes del acceso a los productos financieros en los hogares colombianos

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Santiago Rodríguez-Raga

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Existe evidencia que establece una asociación positiva entre el acceso a productos financieros, la riqueza y calidad de vida de los hogares, en especial de los hogares pobres. En este ámbito, este estudio busca entender los determinantes del acceso a los diferentes productos financieros en los hogares de Colombia, utilizando un modelo econométrico con base en la información contenida en la Encuesta Longitudinal Colombiana (ELCA de la Universidad de los Andes. Como conclusión se encuentra que los principales determinantes del acceso a productos financieros son el nivel de ingreso o riqueza, la educación y la estabilidad en términos laborales.

Conducta informativa de los investigadores argentinos en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales.

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Romanos de Tiratel, Susana

2000-09-01

Full Text Available The reported research intends to answer two questions: 1.Can we transfer conclusions made in studies of Humanities and Social Sciences users in Anglo Saxon countries to an Argentine university milieu, with different realities, different organizations, and less developed library systems and services? 2. Even though resources are different, is there a common background characterizing the Humanities and Social Sciences researchers as to activities related to access lo information, preferences, and information needs regardless the place where they work and material facilities avaílable? The goal was lo develop profiles, access styles and preferences in using information by Humanities and Social Sciences researchers at the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (Universidad de Buenos Aires. Then prove similarities and differences with similar results in investigations undertaken mainly in Anglo Saxon countries. Methodology used combined questionnaires, interviews and citation analysis. The conclusions are: first, there are no substantial differences between information behaviour of researchers in both areas, nor are there differences in behavior as described in other countries. Therefore, in this study both initial hypotheses have been confirmed by results.

Se expone una investigación que intenta responder a dos cuestiones: ¿es correcto transferir las conclusiones de los estudios de usuarios en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales llevados a cabo en los países anglosajones al medio universitario argentino que presenta realidades diferentes, tiene ambientes organizacionales distintos y sistemas y servicios bibliotecarios menos desarrollados? Y, si a pesar de las disimilitudes de recursos, existe un sustrato común que tipifica al investigador en Humanidades y en Ciencias Sociales respecto de sus actividades de acceso a la información, sus preferencias y sus necesidades informativas, independientemente del lugar donde desarrolle sus tareas y de las

Suprema Corte de Justicia de los Estados Unidos

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Suprema Corte de Justicia Estados Unidos de Norte América

2015-10-01

Full Text Available INFORME DEL INSTITUTO DE DERECHO INTERNACIONAL PUBLICO.AUTOS: ESTADOS UNIDOS (Apelante v./ HUMBERTO ALVAREZ MACHAINLOS HECHOS.Un ciudadano mejicano fue secuestrado por la fuerza (en su país y transportado en un avión particular a los E.E.U.U. donde fue arrestado bajo acusación de haber participado en el rapto y asesinato, cometidos en Méjico, de un agente del Departamento para el Control de la Droga de los Estados Unidos (D.E.A. y su acompañante. (... 

ESTRATEGIAS DE FORMACIÓN EN LOS ENTRENADORES EXPERTOS DE BALONCESTO

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Sergio Jiménez Saiz

2008-01-01

materia y, a su vez, éstos deben ser conocidos por los propios entrenadores. Por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar cuáles son los medios formativos utilizados por dieciséis entrenadores expertos en baloncesto, así como señalar la relevancia de cada uno de ellos en el desarrollo de su pericia. Para la investigación se ha usado una metodología cualitativa y la técnica de la entrevista semiestructurada a dieciséis entrenadores expertos en baloncesto, entre los que destacan, entre otros, campeones del Mundo, de Europa, y de la liga ACB. Los resultados muestran que, para los entrenadores, la educación formal (cursos federativos es inespecífica y claramente mejorable, realizándose casi exclusivamente por la necesidad de obtener el título federativo. Los entrenadores valoran muy positivamente otros medios como, principalmente, la educación informal (experiencias diarias como entrenador, mentoring, charlas con otros entrenadores, etc.. Finalmente, todos ellos valoran aspectos relacionados con el aprendizaje no situado, como, por ejemplo, la adquisición de liderazgo adquirido en el entorno familiar, y los aprendizajes producidos fuera del contexto del baloncesto. Esto nos hace reflexionar sobre la reestructuración de los actuales programas formativos en los entrenadores.

Propuestas de solución para los problemas educativos de hoy

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A. CABALLERO GARCÍA

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo hace un breve análisis de los efectos de los resultados españoles en el último Informe PISA como factores determinantes del cambio educativo en España. Se proponen soluciones a los problemas educativos de hoy a partir de un análisis de las propuestas y planteamientos que han salido publicados en prensa escrita en los dos últimos años. El fin último es propiciar actitudes de reflexión e iniciativas innovadoras, que nos lleven a una acción educativa más eficaz que mejore nuestros resultados en el futuro, y nos encamine a esa deseada calidad educativa y de excelencia.

The 7 steps for the power diagnosis; Los 7 pasos del diagnostico energetico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Garcia Osorio, Javier [Director de Ahorro de Energia en el Transporte, Comision Nacional para el Ahorro de Energia (CONAE) (Mexico)

2005-07-01

This study explains in detail the 7 steps to perform energy diagnose, which are: the balance (the expenses against the income); the traffic operations; the assets (vehicles and technology); the operation of the vehicles; the maintenance; the fuel management; the information and administration. [Spanish] Este estudio explica detalladamente los 7 pasos para realizar un diagnostico energetico, que son: el balance (los gastos contra los ingresos), las operaciones de trafico, el parque (vehiculos y tecnologia), la operacion de los vehiculos, el mantenimiento, la gestion de combustible, e informacion y administracion.

Los estilos de aprendizaje y el desgranamiento universitario en Ingeniería Informática

OpenAIRE

Figueroa, Nancy; Cataldi, Zulma; Salgueiro, Fernando A.; Rendon Zander, Juan; Costa, Guido; Lage, Fernando Javier; Perichinsky, Gregorio

2004-01-01

Se ha observado que en los últimos años que el número de los estudiantes que ingresa a la universidad va disminuyendo respecto del valor estadístico. Se ve también que existe un alto grado de deserción durante el primer año en la universidad y un gran desgranamiento a lo largo de la carrera. Para ayudarlos en su ingreso se han implementado diferentes modalidades de cursos de nivelación: desde clases de apoyo presenciales y cursos a distancia, hasta tutorías personalizadas. Estas solucio...

Terapia intensiva: El problema de los medios y los fines

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Carlos Gherardi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available La tecnología médica aplicada a la medicina del paciente agudo y grave permitió la creación de un área asistencial diferenciada y el desarrollo del cuidado intensivo como una nueva especialidad. Los nuevos medios disponibles para reemplazar o asistir funciones de órganos vitales fueron los determinantes de este avance tan importante en el desarrollo de toda la alta complejidad médica en los últimos cuarenta años. Sin embargo la aplicabilidad de estos medios, que en este caso son los soportes vitales, no se han podido sustraer de la filosofía del imperativo tecnológico que ha impregnado a toda la cultura de la sociedad contemporánea. Se observa en este tiempo una influencia perniciosa que perturba el recuerdo permanente de los fines de la medicina, que no son los de evitar la muerte o a la consideración del valor vida como un absoluto ajeno a las preferencias del paciente. Las decisiones finales en circunstancias irreversibles, en que sólo es posible mantener una vida biológica, deben ser tomadas por los médicos y los familiares.

Geografía y su enfoque de los desastres

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Campos Sánchez, Nuria

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo desarrolla aspectos generales de la ciencia geográfica, como su relación con otras ciencias, los enfoques y métodos que utiliza y algunos ejemplos de su aplicación. Explica su relación con la temática de los desastres y la reducción del riesgo. Expone algunos de sus campos de acción y su aplicación en el ordenamiento y planificación territorial. Comenta algunas de los instrumentos que utiliza como los mapas y los sistemas de información geográfica The article develops general aspects of the geographic science, as well as its relation with other sciences, focus and methods used and some examples of its implementation. It explains its relation with the topic of disasters and risk reduction. It presents some of the action areas and their implementation in the territory laws and planning. It comments on some of the instruments used, such as maps and the geographical information systems

La descripción del productor y los registros de autoridades en los contextos archivísticos

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Dunia LLanes Padrón

2016-07-01

Full Text Available La representación de la información en el ámbito de los archivos enfrenta nuevos desafíos marcados por las transiciones paradigmáticas de la Archivística. Las reflexiones suscitadas por la teoría del pos-custodial mudaron las formas teóricas y prácticas de realizar el proceso de descripción, ahora dirigido a representar de forma normalizada diferentes entidades archivísticas: documentos, productores, funciones, instituciones de custodia entre otras. Este artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar la representación normalizada de los productores archivísticos y la creación de registros de autoridades. El estudio que se presenta es de naturaleza exploratorio – descriptivo; se realiza un análisis teórico sobre la descripción de la entidad productor así como las sub-entidades institución, persona y familia. Se investigan, además, algunas nociones generales sobre registro de autoridad, puntos de acceso y control de autoridades. Finalmente, se presentan las normas internacionales, nacionales y regionales publicadas para la creación de registros de autoridades archivísticas. La representación de los productores y su integración en los sistemas de información es una tarea fundamental en los nuevos contextos de la archivística posmoderna, orientada a la gestión, el acceso y la veracidad de la información. The information representation in the archives framework faces new challenges characterized by the paradigmatic transitions in the Archivistics. The thinking raised by the post-custodial theory changed the theoretical and practical ways of the description process, now directed to represent in a standardized way different archival entities: documents, producers, functions, custodial institutions among others. The aim of this article is to study the standardized representation of archivistics producers and the creation of the authority registries. The present study is mostly exploratory-descriptive; it offers a theoretical

Estereotipos hacia los ancianos por parte de los jóvenes del municipio de Los Villares (Jaén

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Rafael Muñoz Cruz

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: estudiar los estereotipos que las personas jóvenes de una determinada localidad de Jaén tienen sobre los ancianos mayores de 65 años. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal sobre una muestra de 100 jóvenes entre 18 y 25 años, siendo la mitad de la muestra hombres y la otra mitad mujeres. La información fue recogida mediante un cuestionario autoadministrable que incluía 30 adjetivos referidos a los ancianos y que los jóvenes debían responder en función del grado de acuerdo o desacuerdo con cada uno de las características, utilizando para ello una escala Likert con 5 opciones para cada ítem. Resultados: las características con las que más de acuerdo están los jóvenes respecto a los ancianos son que estos se caracterizan por ser personas generosas, agradecidas, con moralidad, sabias y sinceras; mientras que según los jóvenes, la característica que menos define a los ancianos es la conflictividad. Conclusiones: a pesar de que los jóvenes no han demostrado estereotipos negativos hacia los ancianos, se debe fomentar el conocimiento de las verdaderas características de este grupo etario, algunas de las cuales son desconocidas para los adultos más jóvenes.

Signos Vitales de los CDC–Indoamericanos con diabetes (Native Americans With Diabetes)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast se basa en la edición de enero del 2017 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. La diabetes es la principal causa de insuficiencia renal y los indoamericanos tienen mayores probabilidades de presentar diabetes que cualquier otro grupo racial en los Estados Unidos. Aprenda cómo manejar la diabetes para retrasar o prevenir la insuficiencia renal.

El informe mundial sobre la violencia y la salud.

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Etienne G. Krug

2002-12-01

Full Text Available En 1966, la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró la violencia como uno de los principales problemas de salud pública. Para dar seguimiento a dicha resolución, el 3 de octubre de este año, la OMS publicó el primer Informe mundial sobre la violencia y la salud, el cual analiza los diferentes tipos de violencia, incluidos el maltrato y abandono de menores, la violencia entre los jóvenes, la violencia contra la pareja, la violencia sexual, el maltrato a ancianos, la violencia autoinfligida y la violencia colectiva. Para todos estos tipos de violencia, el informe explora la magnitud de sus efectos en la salud y en la sociedad, los factores de riesgo y protección y los esfuerzos de prevención que se han desplegado. El lanzamiento del informe dará inicio a una Campaña Global de Prevención de la Violencia que durante un año se centrará en la aplicación de sus recomendaciones. Este artículo resume algunos de los puntos más importantes del informe mundial.

Predominancia de los hemisferios cerebrales en los residentes de medicina

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Jaime Arias Congrains

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Medir la predominancia de los hemisferios cerebrales (HC en los residentes de medicina y encontrar algunos factores asociados así como la correlación que tendrían con las estrategias inadecuadas empleadas ante el estrés. Materiales y métodos: Aplicamos una prueba para medir la predominancia de los HC al total de los 48 residentes de medicina del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Los resultados se contrastaron con variables socio-demográficas, académicas y con las estrategias para afrontar el estrés, halladas estas últimas en una investigación anterior. Los resultados se sometieron al análisis bivariado y multivariado. Resultados y conclusiones: El 35.4% (17 de los residentes mostró una predominancia del hemisferio izquierdo (HI, el cual además obtuvo una calificación promedio mayor que la del hemisferio derecho (HD y que la integración hemisférica (IH. Los 6 residentes con predominancia del HD tuvieron una mayor calificación en el ingreso a la residencia que aquellos con predominancia del HI. En el análisis multivariado; el haber nacido o estudiado medicina en Lima, la mejor calificación en el ingreso al programa de residentado, el mostrar interés por los resultados de la prueba aplicada y el haber estudiado en un colegio estatal, fueron los factores asociados al HD Las habilidades de los HC se correlacionaron con algunas estrategias frente al estrés. Conclusiones: Se concluye la necesidad de perfeccionar la prueba de predominancia de los HC, así como la de implementar pautas de enseñanza de la medicina que propicien la integración hemisférica, en cuanto ella estaría asociado con mejores aptitudes académicas, interpersonales y de adecuación al estrés. (Rev Med Hered 1999; 10:21-26 .

Protección jurídica de los programas de computadora

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Manuel Díaz Morales

2001-06-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo aborda la Situación jurídica de los programas de computadora, en el ámbito del Derecho de Autor. En él se analizan temas como la piratería informática y las acciones legales en su contra, el marco jurídico internacional y los convenios internacionales al respecto.

Análisis de género de las percepciones y actitudes de los y las profesionales de atención primaria ante el cuidado informal Gender analysis of primary care professionals' perceptions and attitudes to informal care

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María del Mar García-Calvente

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Analizar, con un enfoque de género, las percepciones y actitudes de los y las profesionales de atención primaria ante el cuidado informal. Métodos: Diseño cualitativo con entrevistas individuales y grupo de discusión. Mediante muestreo intencional se seleccionaron 18 profesionales de atención primaria (Distrito Sanitario de Granada. Se realizó un análisis de contenido con las categorías: a percepciones: conceptos de dependencia y cuidado informal, roles de género e impacto en salud; b actitudes: conservadora, actitud hacia el cambio y derecho a no cuidar. Resultados: Los profesionales y las destacaron el carácter profano, gratuito y con gran componente afectivo del cuidado informal; otorgaron a la familia, especialmente a las mujeres, la principal responsabilidad de cuidar, y recurrieron a estereotipos para diferenciar el cuidado dispensado por hombres y mujeres. Reconocieron que las mujeres presentan una mayor sobrecarga psicológica, principalmente por cuidar en solitario en mayor medida que los hombres. Emergieron tres actitudes ante el cuidado informal: ausencia de cuestionamiento de la situación actual e idealización de la familia como marco idóneo para cuidar; propuesta de cambio hacia una atención pública universal a la dependencia que descargue a las familias; y en una posición intermedia, actitud educadora para lograr el bienestar de las personas cuidadoras y evitar que dejen de cuidar. Conclusiones: Se identifican algunas percepciones y actitudes de profesionales ante el cuidado informal poco sensibles o potencialmente negativas para la equidad de género, como son la actitud conservadora que otorga a la familia la principal responsabilidad de cuidar y algunos estereotipos sexistas que atribuyen a las mujeres más capacidades para hacerlo. Se precisa formación específica de los y las profesionales para potenciar la incorporación del enfoque de género en el trabajo que realizan en relación con el cuidado

Relación entre los estilos de liderazgo y los niveles de resiliencia de los subordinados

OpenAIRE

Pérez Parada, Ana María

2014-01-01

El presente documento hace un análisis de la influencia que ejercen los diferentes tipos de liderazgo, carismático y transaccional, de un directivo de una organización sobre los subordinados de la misma, que a su vez afecta positiva o negativamente el nivel de resiliencia de los mismos. De la misma forma, se ha identificado la relación que existe entre el nivel de resiliencia de los subordinados de una organización y el cumplimiento de objetivos corporativos de la misma. Todo lo anterior...

Los espantos de La sabana: leyendas y religiosidad de los Llanos venezolanos (The ghosts of Savannah: Legends and religion of the Venezuelan Ilanos - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2013v11n30p572

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jenny González Muñoz

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Los procesos culturales de los pueblos rurales de América Latina en cuanto a su parte inmaterial, están íntimamente relacionados con la memoria colectiva y/o social, la cual puede fungir, entre otras cosas, para afianzar la transmisión de leyendas creadas por la sabiduría popular por medio de la tradición oral. En los llanos centro-occidentales venezolanos a lo largo de más dos siglos se ha diseminado cantidad de leyendas que cuentan la aparición de espíritus que vagan por las sabanas solitarias, sobre todo en las noches de mayor oscuridad; los llamados “espantos de la sabana” son las almas de antiguos pobladores, ya conocidos, que deambulan pidiendo oraciones para su descanso eterno, o por no poder encontrar la paz que procuran. Dichas narraciones, al pasar de generación en generación forman parte de la identidad llanera y son incluidas en la literatura nacional; en el presente artículo se destaca esta característica colocando como ejemplo la novela de Rómulo Gallegos, Cantaclaro, así como coplas populares o aquellas recopiladas por Alberto Arvelo Torrealba para establecer el enlace existente entre la creación y transmisión de las leyendas y la religiosidad de dicha cultura. Palabras clave: Espantos de la sabana. Leyendas populares. Llanos centro-occidentales venezolanos. Religiosidad. Abstract Cultural processes of rural populations in Latin America while its immaterial dimension, are closely related to social and collective memory, which can serve, among other thins, to strengthen the transmission of legends created by wisdom through oral tradition. In the plains of the Midwest Venezuelan, during more than two centuries, were heard many legends that tell the apparition of spirits which roam the savannas lonely, especially on the darkest nights. These "ghosts of Savannah" are the souls of old settlers who roam (roam because they can not find peace or because they are asking for prayers for his eternal rest. These stories

Financiamiento rural innovador para los pobres: una perspectiva de seguridad alimentaria

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Manfred Zaller

2013-05-01

Full Text Available En los países en vías de desarrollo por lo general, la estructura de los mercados financieros rurales es dual; está formada por intermediarios financieros tanto formales como informales con diferentes grados de interacción entre ellos. Los intermediarios formales están sujetos a los reglamentos del gobierno y del banco central, mientras que el sector informal puede verse influido por ellos, pero opera básicamente fuera de dichos controles. Cinco tipos de intermediarios formales prestan sus servicios en el mercado financiero rural. Tradicionalmente, son bancos comerciales y de desarrollo, especializados en las instituciones de financiamiento a la agricultura, las cooperativas de crédito y seguros, y durante los últimos veinte años, programas de crédito y ahorro administrados por ONGs nacionales e internacionales.

Las normas de auditoria informática

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José Dagoberto Pinilla F.

1994-01-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo económico general de los países y el acelerado proceso de informatización de la sociedad a escala mundial, exigen metodologías de control organizadas y permanentemente actualizadas. De ahí que la función de auditoría informática deba estar debidamente apoyada en parámetros normativos que aseguren niveles deseables de confiabilidad en los resultados de los procesos. En este artículo se presentan los requisitos normativos que la comunidad internacional de auditores ha precisado para el ejercicio profesional. en términos de normas profesionales, para la ejecución del trabajo y para la rendición de informes.

Los principios UNIDROIT para los contratos internacionales (parte B

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Jorge Oviedo Albán

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio nos explica los Principios UNIDROIT para los contratos comerciales internacionales, los cuales se ponen en consideración de las partes cuando no es posible determinar cuál es la regla de derecho aplicable al contrato que les atañe, haciendo justicia de manera objetiva. Para corroborar la importancia de los Principios UNIDROIT, se ilustra este estudio con diferentes laudos de la Corte Internacional de Arbitraje de la Cámara de Comercio Internacional, la cual se apoya en ellos para emitir sus fallos. Estos Principios representan una nueva aproximación al derecho de los negocios internacionales e intentan remediar deficiencias surgidas del derecho y, de paso, llenar vacios de la Convención de Viena de 1980 sobre compraventa internacional de mercaderías. El autor de este estudio nos hace caer en cuenta la urgente necesidad de que al seno de nuestras universidades se difundan los mecanismos de contratación mercantil de nutrido estudio en el mundo, pero de escaso conocimiento en nuestro medio.

Los principios UNIDROIT para los contratos internacionales (parte A

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Jorge Oviedo Albán

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio nos explica los Principios UNIDROIT para los contratos comerciales internacionales, los cuales se ponen en consideración de las partes cuando no es posible determinar cuál es la regla de derecho aplicable al contrato que les atañe, haciendo justicia de manera objetiva. Para corroborar la importancia de los Principios UNIDROIT, se ilustra este estudio con diferentes laudos de la Corte Internacional de Arbitraje de la Cámara de Comercio Internacional, la cual se apoya en ellos para emitir sus fallos. Estos Principios representan una nueva aproximación al derecho de los negocios internacionales e intentan remediar deficiencias surgidas del derecho y, de paso, llenar vacios de la Convención de Viena de 1980 sobre compraventa internacional de mercaderías. El autor de este estudio nos hace caer en cuenta la urgente necesidad de que al seno de nuestras universidades se difundan los mecanismos de contratación mercantil de nutrido estudio en el mundo, pero de escaso conocimiento en nuestro medio.

KINEMATIC STRUCTURE OF MOLECULAR GAS AROUND HIGH-MASS YSO, PAPILLON NEBULA, IN N159 EAST IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD: A NEW PERSPECTIVE WITH ALMA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saigo, Kazuya; Harada, Ryohei; Kawamura, Akiko; Onishi, Toshikazu; Tokuda, Kazuki; Morioka, Yuuki; Nayak, Omnarayani; Meixner, Margaret; Sewiło, Marta; Indebetouw, Remy; Torii, Kazufumi; Ohama, Akio; Hattori, Yusuke; Yamamoto, Hiroaki; Tachihara, Kengo; Minamidani, Tetsuhiro; Inoue, Tsuyoshi; Madden, Suzanne; Lebouteiller, Vianney; Galametz, Maud

2017-01-01

We present the ALMA Band 3 and Band 6 results of 12 CO(2-1), 13 CO(2-1), H30 α recombination line, free–free emission around 98 GHz, and the dust thermal emission around 230 GHz toward the N159 East Giant Molecular Cloud (N159E) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). LMC is the nearest active high-mass star-forming face-on galaxy at a distance of 50 kpc and is the best target for studing high-mass star formation. ALMA observations show that N159E is the complex of filamentary clouds with the width and length of ∼1 pc and several parsecs. The total molecular mass is 0.92 × 10 5 M ⊙ from the 13 CO(2-1) intensity. N159E harbors the well-known Papillon Nebula, a compact high-excitation H ii region. We found that a YSO associated with the Papillon Nebula has the mass of 35 M ⊙ and is located at the intersection of three filamentary clouds. It indicates that the formation of the high-mass YSO was induced by the collision of filamentary clouds. Fukui et al. reported a similar kinematic structure toward two YSOs in the N159 West region, which are the other YSOs that have the mass of ≳35 M ⊙ . This suggests that the collision of filamentary clouds is a primary mechanism of high-mass star formation. We found a small molecular hole around the YSO in Papillon Nebula with a sub-parsec scale. It is filled by free–free and H30 α emission. The temperature of the molecular gas around the hole reaches ∼80 K. It indicates that this YSO has just started the distruction of parental molecular cloud.

KINEMATIC STRUCTURE OF MOLECULAR GAS AROUND HIGH-MASS YSO, PAPILLON NEBULA, IN N159 EAST IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD: A NEW PERSPECTIVE WITH ALMA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saigo, Kazuya; Harada, Ryohei; Kawamura, Akiko [Chile Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Science, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588 (Japan); Onishi, Toshikazu; Tokuda, Kazuki; Morioka, Yuuki [Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 (Japan); Nayak, Omnarayani; Meixner, Margaret [The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 366 Bloomberg Center, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States); Sewiło, Marta [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States); Indebetouw, Remy [Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 (United States); Torii, Kazufumi; Ohama, Akio; Hattori, Yusuke; Yamamoto, Hiroaki; Tachihara, Kengo [Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602 (Japan); Minamidani, Tetsuhiro [Nobeyama Radio Observatory, 462-2 Nobeyama Minamimaki-mura, Minamisaku-gun, Nagano 384-1305 (Japan); Inoue, Tsuyoshi [Division of Theoretical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatory (Japan); Madden, Suzanne; Lebouteiller, Vianney [Laboratoire AIM, CEA, Universite Paris VII, IRFU/Service d’Astrophysique, Bat. 709, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Galametz, Maud [Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA (United Kingdom); and others

2017-01-20

We present the ALMA Band 3 and Band 6 results of {sup 12}CO(2-1), {sup 13}CO(2-1), H30 α recombination line, free–free emission around 98 GHz, and the dust thermal emission around 230 GHz toward the N159 East Giant Molecular Cloud (N159E) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). LMC is the nearest active high-mass star-forming face-on galaxy at a distance of 50 kpc and is the best target for studing high-mass star formation. ALMA observations show that N159E is the complex of filamentary clouds with the width and length of ∼1 pc and several parsecs. The total molecular mass is 0.92 × 10{sup 5} M {sub ⊙} from the {sup 13}CO(2-1) intensity. N159E harbors the well-known Papillon Nebula, a compact high-excitation H ii region. We found that a YSO associated with the Papillon Nebula has the mass of 35 M {sub ⊙} and is located at the intersection of three filamentary clouds. It indicates that the formation of the high-mass YSO was induced by the collision of filamentary clouds. Fukui et al. reported a similar kinematic structure toward two YSOs in the N159 West region, which are the other YSOs that have the mass of ≳35 M {sub ⊙}. This suggests that the collision of filamentary clouds is a primary mechanism of high-mass star formation. We found a small molecular hole around the YSO in Papillon Nebula with a sub-parsec scale. It is filled by free–free and H30 α emission. The temperature of the molecular gas around the hole reaches ∼80 K. It indicates that this YSO has just started the distruction of parental molecular cloud.

Importancia de los alcanos en el estudio de los carbones

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José E. Sánchez

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Los carbones la Vega, La Vega Oxidado y Tres Bancos, fueron extraídos secuencialmente con los siguientes solventes: H^O, HCl 10%, NaOH 10%, n-Heptano, Éter, Tolueno, Cloroformo, Tetrahidrofurano (THF y Piridina. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la extractabilidad con THF y Piridina debidas a cambios producidos por la oxidación. Se detectaron n-alcanos de C^ a C^^, en los primeros cuatro extractos con solventes orgánicos. Los perfiles cromatográficos de estos compuestos muestran una distribución dependiente del rango que se mantiene aiin después de la oxidación. Lxis pirocromatogramas de los carbones y de los residuos de extracción se caracterizan por una serie de dobletes de n-1-alqueno/n-alcano cuya distribución también depende del rango de los carbones. Esta característica, atribuible sólo a diferencias en las condiciones geológicas locales, podría utilizarse como indicador del grado de metamorfismo.

Familia e independencia de los hijos

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Clara Pérez Cárdenas

2000-08-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de algunas manifestaciones de crisis familiares producidas ante la independencia de los hijos, recogiéndose la información a través de encuestas aplicadas a 40 grupos familiares pertenecientes a 2 consultorios médicos de nuestra área de salud que cumplían con los requisitos de tener hijos adultos jóvenes mayores de 20 años (para garantizar el término de la adolescencia y estos haber roto con los controles de los padres. La encuesta aplicada explora en estas parejas de padres, las creencias, los sentimientos, la forma en que reestructuran sus vidas cotidianas, las crisis familiares no transitorias que entorpecen este período, la red de apoyo social que utilizan y los vínculos afectivos que refieren entre ellos en esta etapa del desarrollo familiar. Entre las conclusiones fundamentales encontramos el hecho de que existe una contradicción entre la idea de los padres de tener aún control sobre sus hijos, y el considerarlos capaces de afrontar la vida solos. Se refieren a una educación donde se cultivó la posibilidad de libre expresión de criterios, no hay una reestructuración de la vida de los padres, quienes no modifican su rol e insisten en mantenerse orientado y dirigiendo a su descendencia. Tanto padres como madres, buscan apoyo y comprensión de sus conflictos en la propia familia creadaA descriptive study of some manifestations of family crises caused by the independence of children was conducted. Information was collected by surveys applied to 40 family groups from 2 family physician's offices in our health area that fulfilled the requisites of having young adult children over 20 (to guarantee the end of adolescence, who were not under their parents' control. This survey explores the believes and feelings of these parents, the way they reorganize their lives, the non-transitory family crises hampering this period, the network of social support they use and the affective links existing among

ALMA observations of lensed Herschel sources: testing the dark matter halo paradigm

Science.gov (United States)

Amvrosiadis, A.; Eales, S. A.; Negrello, M.; Marchetti, L.; Smith, M. W. L.; Bourne, N.; Clements, D. L.; De Zotti, G.; Dunne, L.; Dye, S.; Furlanetto, C.; Ivison, R. J.; Maddox, S. J.; Valiante, E.; Baes, M.; Baker, A. J.; Cooray, A.; Crawford, S. M.; Frayer, D.; Harris, A.; Michałowski, M. J.; Nayyeri, H.; Oliver, S.; Riechers, D. A.; Serjeant, S.; Vaccari, M.

2018-04-01

With the advent of wide-area submillimetre surveys, a large number of high-redshift gravitationally lensed dusty star-forming galaxies have been revealed. Because of the simplicity of the selection criteria for candidate lensed sources in such surveys, identified as those with S500 μm > 100 mJy, uncertainties associated with the modelling of the selection function are expunged. The combination of these attributes makes submillimetre surveys ideal for the study of strong lens statistics. We carried out a pilot study of the lensing statistics of submillimetre-selected sources by making observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) of a sample of strongly lensed sources selected from surveys carried out with the Herschel Space Observatory. We attempted to reproduce the distribution of image separations for the lensed sources using a halo mass function taken from a numerical simulation that contains both dark matter and baryons. We used three different density distributions, one based on analytical fits to the haloes formed in the EAGLE simulation and two density distributions [Singular Isothermal Sphere (SIS) and SISSA] that have been used before in lensing studies. We found that we could reproduce the observed distribution with all three density distributions, as long as we imposed an upper mass transition of ˜1013 M⊙ for the SIS and SISSA models, above which we assumed that the density distribution could be represented by a Navarro-Frenk-White profile. We show that we would need a sample of ˜500 lensed sources to distinguish between the density distributions, which is practical given the predicted number of lensed sources in the Herschel surveys.

Spectators of Mockumentaries: Mockumentaries in the Information Society Espectadores de Falsos Documentales: Los falsos documentales en la Sociedad de la Información

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Vicente Diaz Gandasegui

2012-11-01

Full Text Available

The existence of a significant number of documentaries which are not intended to represent reality but to (recreate it has allowed that mockumentaries to become a subgenre halfway between reality and fiction. Mockdocumentaries aim to play with the status acquired over the years by the spectators of documentaries, parodying the conventions of the genre and criticizing certain cultural or social codes. Simultaneously, mockumentaries are a very useful tool to analyse the current social and cultural context of the image and the media in the society of information. Mockumentaries are therefore a significant product of the confusion between reality and unreality at a time when digital technology is able to simulate reality with absolute veracity.

La existencia de un gran número de documentales que no tienen como objetivo representar la realidad sino (recrearla ha hecho que los falsos documentales se conviertan en un subgénero que se encuentra a medio camino entre la realidad y la ficción. Los falsos documentales pretenden jugar con el estatus adquirido durante años por el espectador de documentales, parodiar las convenciones existentes en el género o realizar una crítica de ciertos códigos culturales. La confusión entre realidad e irrealidad se encuentra pues en la base de los falsos documentales, pero debido a la amplitud que abarcan consiguen reflexionar, utilizando el humor, la sorpresa, el engaño o el terror, sobre aspectos de gran relevancia para analizar el actual contexto social, cultural y de los medios de comunicación en la sociedad de la información. Los falsos documentales son por lo tanto un producto significativo de una forma de jugar con la confusión que crean las imágenes en un momento en que la tecnología digital es capaz de simular la realidad con total veracidad.

Comercializacion Directa de Alimentos Locales: Diferencias entre los Consumidores de los CSA y los Consumidores de los Mercados de Granjeros y Agricultores

OpenAIRE

Curtis, Kynda

2011-01-01

Los programas de extensión enfocados en asistir a los agricultores en movilizar o expandir sus esfuerzos de mercadeo directo a menudo consideran todos los mercados de comercialización directa (mercado de agricultores, programas de agricultura sustentada por la comunidad (CSA por sus siglas en inglés), puestos de granja, etc.) y consumidores asociados como una canal o grupo de comercialización general.

los aprendizajes

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Graciela Pérez Rivera

2007-01-01

Full Text Available En este documento se presentan algunos resultados, obtenidos hasta el momento, de un estudio sobre las prácticas de evaluación de profesores universitarios. El propósito del estudio es participar en la búsqueda de las relaciones existentes entre los conceptos y las prácticas educativas, en este caso de evaluación. Se identifican las principales tendencias en cuanto a la concepción de la evaluación del aprendizaje y las funciones que se le otorgan, los propósitos con los que se evalúa, los objetos o contenidos a evaluar, las formas en que se lleva a cabo la evaluación y el uso que se da a los resultados. Identificar cuáles son las tendencias de las prácticas de evaluación en nuestras aulas universitarias representa un paso que puede ayudar a cuidar que este proceso tan importante recobre su papel formativo para todos aquellos quienes participamos en los procesos educativos; además, representa la posibilidad de construir formas para lograr mejorar nuestra labor docente en general, y en particular, nuestra práctica evaluativa.

La educación informal de los medios de comunicación y la protección de los menores de la violencia en televisión: historia de un fracaso

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Ángel Liceras Ruiz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Recientes estudios muestran una preocupante complacencia de los niños y jóvenes con el uso de la violencia como práctica para obtener sus deseos. Salvando el debate y desacuerdo entre los investigadores sobre la naturaleza de la influencia de la televisión, asumimos la perspectiva de que, en todo caso, el tema de las repercusiones y el tratamiento de los contenidos televisivos es una cuestión cívica, no meramente científica. Sin duda la televisión, con sus formidables recursos pedagógicos, resulta un poderoso agente educativo, y los niños y adolescentes son grandes consumidores de este medio. Junto a esto, una trayectoria de reiteradas y persistentes vulneraciones por parte de las televisiones de sus autocompromisos y de la normativa vigente en materia de comunicación y protección de los menores respecto a la emisión de contenidos inapropiados para su formación en los horarios de protección infantil son factores que no parecen ajenos a este panorama. Una violencia televisiva que se presenta ausente de dolor y consecuencias, justificable y con rasgos atractivos favorece su imitación e influencia. Son viejas denuncias de cuestiones de enorme importancia formativa y social que no parecen merecer la necesaria atención de los agentes con responsabilidades en la protección y educación de los niños y adolescentes. Profesores, padres, asociaciones de telespectadores, empresas audiovisuales, poderes públicos y sociedad en general deben afrontar su compromiso desde sus parcelas de competencia.

En búsqueda de los salvadoreños en los Estados Unidos: contextualizando los datos etnográficos

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Milton Ricardo Machuca

2011-08-01

Full Text Available En este artículo presento una visión de conjunto de la literatura etnográfica sobre los salvadoreños en Estados Unidos. La migración salvadoreña a los Estados Unidos comienza a finales del siglo XIX, sin embargo los salvadoreños no llegan en masa a ese país hasta principios de la década de los ochenta, a principios de la guerra civil que duraría doce años (1980-1992. En las pasadas tres décadas, la literatura general sobre salvadoreños en Estados Unidos es extensa y cubre una amplia variedad de disciplinas. Muchos trabajos académicos estudian a los migrantes salvadoreños bajo la categoría de “centroamericanos”. Con el notable incremento de la migraciónsalvadoreña a los Estados Unidos a partir de 1980, se ha publicado un número significativo de etnografías sobre su experiencia migratoria en las pasadas dos décadas.En este artículo se discuten y comparan nueve de esos trabajos académicos. Estos trabajos tratan a los salvadoreños desde temas, tópicos y perspectivas particulares,los cuales incluyen inmigración y emigración, diáspora y transnacionalismo, cambios en relaciones de género, leyes migratorias estadounidenses y estatus migratorio,remesas y derecho al voto. A medida que los migrantes salvadoreños forjan nuevas redes de conexión e interacción social entre su país de origen y los Estados Unidos,los trabajos académicos buscan entender y teorizar sobre estos emergentes espaciostransnacionales.

Problemáticas ambientales en el área de Los Antiguos, provincia de Santa Cruz

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Jacquelina Maribel Díaz Viegas

2014-06-01

Full Text Available En este informe se presentan los resultados de una beca de iniciación a la investigación para alumnos avanzados de la UNPA, cuyo objetivo consistió en la identificación de los usos del suelo y las problemáticas ambientales en el área de Los Antiguos. La metodología utilizada consistió en búsquedas bibliográficas, interpretación visual de imágenes satelitales de alta resolución espacial, relevamientos de campo y entrevistas a informantes calificados. Se detectaron como principales problemas ambientales los asociados con la disposición de los residuos urbanos y tratamiento de líquidos cloacales, inundaciones en la rivera del lago Buenos Aires y en zonas urbanas, deslizamiento de laderas en la loma Del Mirador, entre otros. En el informe se explican estas problemáticas, se analiza la legislación vigente y se proponen algunas medidas de mitigación.

Los vettones en Estrabón

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José Manuel ALONSO- NÚÑEZ

2010-02-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En esta nota sobre el pueblo prerromano de los Vettones se exponen las características de este pueblo según el geógrafo Estrabón. Según él sus rasgos son los de un pueblo poco romanizado y su información, que proviene de una diversidad de fuentes, no es abundante. De todos modos habitarían una zona bastante extendida y tendrían costumbres bastante primitivas. Se pone también en relación el testimonio de Estrabón con el de Tácito sobre los pueblos germánicos y el de Pompeyo Trogo-Justino sobre los celtíberos. SOMAIRE: Dans cette note sur le peuple prérromain des Vettones on expose les caractéristiques de ce peuple selon de géographe Strabon. D'accord avec lui ses traits sont celles d'être un peuple peu romanisé et son information, provenant d'une diversité de sources, n'est pas abondante; de toute façon ils habiteraient une zone assez étendue et ils auraient des habitudes assez primitives. On met aussi en rapport le témoignage de Strabon avec ceux de Tacite sur les peuples germaniques et de Trogue Pompée - Justin sur les celtibères.

Iniciando el análisis de los elecciones generales de octubre de 1982. (informe de un sondeo postelectoral)

OpenAIRE

RAFAEL LÓPEZ PINTOR; MANUEL JUSTEL

1982-01-01

Los resultados de un sondeo postelectoral sobre las elecciones generales de España en 1982 muestran la gran transferencia de votos de la Unión de Centro Democrático al Partido Socialista Obrero Español debido a: el deterioro de las condiciones económicas, el conflicto interno del partido, la incapacidad de la UCD para representar los intereses públicos, su imagen de gobierno con falta de autoridad. Un análisis de la afiliación partidista encuentra que los votantes de Alianza Popular son de de...

Utilización de recursos sociosanitarios y características del cuidado informal de los pacientes inmovilizados en atención domiciliaria

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Francisco García Alcaraz

2015-04-01

Conclusiones: Las enfermedades del aparato locomotor constituyen los principales motivos de inmovilización en pacientes domiciliarios. La mayoría de los cuidadores informales son mujeres de edad avanzada. La duración e intensidad del cuidado son elevadas y los principales apoyos provienen de los profesionales sanitarios. Los pacientes hacen un uso reducido de recursos sociosanitarios.

Los informativos en televisión y su análisis

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Donaciano BARTOLOMÉ CRESPO

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Los análisis de los informativos representan una ayuda eficaz para cultivar la independencia del telespectador, robustecer su capacidad de criticar, analizar, elegir. Es necesario planificar estrategias para preparar al espectador a comprender el lenguaje audiovisual y formarse un criterio razonado que le permita por si mismo juzgar con madurez los diversos elementos ofrecidos por los informativos, y así, no verse influido y manipulado por sus contenidos y formas de presentación. Los estudios realizados muestran que la comprensibilidad está en relación con el lenguaje, la terminología, las frases. Se trata en definitiva de analizar y mejorar las estructuras lingüísticas que posibiliten escuchar el informativo y comprenderlo con facilidad. La investigación rigurosa sobre tendencias, preferencias, retentividad, comprensibilidad, estructuración, etc. de los informativos se nos presenta como un reto, a cumplir necesariamente. De esa manera se podrán establecer los vínculos entre la información y la formación que garanticen una simbiosis práctica, operativa, entre las dos culturas. En la programación de los informativos estimamos como importante la plasmación de principios y estrategias tendentes a buscar una comunicación mejor y más eficaz, aumentando los elementos de calidad y reduciendo los dificultadores de la comprensibilidad y retentividad, fomentar el nivel cultural de los telespectadores, contribuir al bienestar total de las personas y la sociedad, promover la dignidad humana y despertar la sensibilidad por los valores.ABSTRACT: The analysis of news is an efficient help to grow in a certain independence on the part of viewers, who can strengthen their ability to judge, analyze and choose -it is reqiiired to plan strategies which enable viewers to understand audiovisual language and achieve reasoned criteria towards a mature udginent of the different elements offered by the news. Thus, viewers will not he

Vital Signs – El VIH en los jóvenes en los Estados Unidos: Cómo proteger a una generación (HIV Among Youth in the US: Protecting a Generation)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2012-11-27

Este podcast se basa en el informe Vital Signs de los CDC de diciembre del 2012, que contiene información acerca del impacto del VIH en los jóvenes y los factores que ponen a la juventud en riesgo de contagiarse con el VIH. También hace un llamado a la prevención a través de los padres, las escuelas y los programas comunitarios dirigidos a los jóvenes.  Created: 11/27/2012 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).   Date Released: 11/27/2012.

Los medios en los modelos clásicos de comportamiento electoral

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Nicolás Menin

2018-01-01

Full Text Available [es] El objetivo del presente artículo es la revisión bibliográfica de la noción de medios de comunicación en los modelos clásicos de comportamiento electoral. Según el modelo de Columbia tienen función de activar, reforzar o convertir, teniendo en cuenta las variables, y, los valores del elector en el Índice de Predisposición Política (IPP, que influencia la selectividad de tipos de medios y recepción de información. Según el modelo Michigan son un componente intermediario entre la percepción no-política-externa y la político-personal. Tales evaluaciones se sostienen en una selectividad alta, tanto en el consumo de medios como en su contenido. Por último, el modelo económico propone que los medios son fuentes y flujos gratuitos de información de carácter persuasivo por su “selección de hechos parciales” para favorecer o no a una determinada fuerza política en términos del beneficio real o hipotético que deduce el votante y, por lo tanto, también con capacidad para corromper al Gobierno y a la oposición. [en] The aim of this article is the bibliographical review of the notion of media in the classical models of electoral behavior. According to the Columbia model, they have the function of activating, reinforcing or converting, taking into account the variables, and the values of the elector in the Political Predisposition Index (IPP, which influences the selectivity of media types and information reception. According to the Michigan model, they are an intermediary component between non-political-external and political-personal perception. Such evaluations are held in high selectivity, both in media consumption and in content. Finally, the economic model proposes that the media are sources and free flows of information of a persuasive nature by their ´selection of partial facts´ to favor or not to a certain political force in terms of the real or hypothetical benefit that the voter deduces and, therefore, also

LOS RECURSOS INFORMÁTICOS EN LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL DEL MAESTRO PRIMARIO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elsa del Carmen Gutierrez Báez

2015-07-01

Full Text Available En el artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio histórico de la formación inicial de maestros primarios, guiado por la concepción del uso de los recursos informáticos en su formación. Para ello se consultaron los planes de estudio, objetivos y normativas del Ministerio de Educación y los objetivos priorizados, lo que permitió constatar las exigencias de la formación científico-pedagógica de los estudiantes: conocimientos, hábitos, habilidades, valores y capacidades profesionales, lo cual garantiza la interacción directa en la transformación de la escuela primaria. Se tuvieron en cuenta las variaciones en las condiciones históricas y sociales que exigieron nuevos cambios educativos.

Matemáticas empresariales :Estudio de los factores determinantes del rendimiento académico

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González Veiga , M.C

1998-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer los factores que influyen de manera significativa sobre el rendimiento de los alumnos en Matemáticas Empresariales. Con este fin, y basándonos en la literatura existente sobre el tema se propone un modelo donde se tienen en cuenta algunas de las variables que habitualmente se consideran más relevantes junto con factores específicos que afectan al problema que queremos analizar. Uno de los trabajos pioneros en este campo de obligada referencia en todos los estudios es el Informe Coleman, publicado en 1966 bajo el título "Equality of Educational Opportunity", donde se analizan los factores determinantes del rendimiento de más de medio millón de alumnos en USA. Los resultados del citado informe han sido objetos de múltiples controversias tanto por cuestiones técnicas como por las conclusiones que de él se extraen que básicamente son que los resultados escolares dependen sobre todo de la extracción social del alumno y por tanto la actividad educativa desarrollada en la escuela y la inversión en recursos o en la mejora de la capacitación del profesorado apenas tiene efectos sobre el rendimiento. Este trabajo es considerado como el punto de partida de muchos otros en los que se analiza la enseñanza como un proceso productivo donde el output educativo se obtiene a partir de una serie de inputs de diversa índole aportados por los estudiantes, las familias y el centro escolar