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Sample records for all-pm femtosecond yb-doped

  1. Monolithic stabilized Yb-fiber All-PM laser directly delivering nJ-level femtosecond pulses

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Turchinovich, Dmitry; Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper

    2008-01-01

    We present a monolithic, self-starting, all-PM, stabilized Yb-fiber laser, pulse-compressed in a hollow-core PM photonic crystal fiber, providing the 370 fs pulses of 4 nJ energy with high mode quality.......We present a monolithic, self-starting, all-PM, stabilized Yb-fiber laser, pulse-compressed in a hollow-core PM photonic crystal fiber, providing the 370 fs pulses of 4 nJ energy with high mode quality....

  2. Monolithic Yb-fiber femtosecond laser with intracavity all-solid PBG fiber and ex-cavity HC-PCF

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Turchinovich, Dmitry; Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper

    2010-01-01

    (PM) photonic bandgap fiber (PBG) is used in the cavity of the master oscillator for dispersion compensation and stabilization of modelocking. The final compression of an chirped-pulse-amplified laser signal is performed in a hollow PM PCF, yielding final fiber-delivered pulse energy of around 7 n......J, and pulse duration of around 297 fs. The self-stabilization mechanism of the oscillator, based on the optical nonlinearities in an AS PCF, results in excellent environmental and operational stability of our laser. Stable self-starting fundamental modelocking is maintained for at least 4 days of operation......We demonstrate an all-fiber femtosecond master oscillator / power amplifier operating at the central wavelength of 1033 nm, based on Yb-doped fiber as gain medium, and two different kinds of photonic crystal fibers for dispersion control and stabilization. An all-solid (AS) polarization maintaining...

  3. Monolithic all-PM femtosecond Yb-doped fiber laser using photonic bandgap fibers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2009-01-01

    We present a monolithic Yb fiber laser, dispersion managed by an all-solid photonic bandgap fiber, and pulse compressed in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The laser delivers 9 nJ, 275-fs long pulses at 1035 nm.......We present a monolithic Yb fiber laser, dispersion managed by an all-solid photonic bandgap fiber, and pulse compressed in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The laser delivers 9 nJ, 275-fs long pulses at 1035 nm....

  4. Monolithic all-PM femtosecond Yb-fiber laser stabilized with a narrow-band fiber Bragg grating and pulse-compressed in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Turchinovich, Dmitry; Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper

    2008-01-01

    . The laser output is compressed in a spliced-on hollow-core PM photonic crystal fiber, thus providing direct end-of-the-fiber delivery of pulses of around 370 fs duration and 4 nJ energy with high mode quality. Tuning the pump power of the end amplifier of the laser allows for the control of output pulse......We report on an environmentally stable self-starting monolithic (i.e. without any free-space coupling) all-polarization-maintaining (PM) femtosecond Yb-fiber laser, stabilized against Q-switching by a narrow-band fiber Bragg grating and modelocked using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror...

  5. Monolithic Yb-fiber femtosecond laser using photonic crystal fiber

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2008-01-01

    We demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, an environmentally stable monolithic all-PM modelocked femtosecond Yb-fiber laser, with laser output pulse compressed in a spliced-on low-loss hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. Our laser provides direct fiber-end delivery of 4 nJ pulses...

  6. Development and applications of femtosecond monolithic Yb-doped fiber chirped-pulse amplifiers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhu, L.

    2011-01-01

    In the past few years, compact and environmentally stable high-energy ultrashort pulse laser sources have been broadly utilized in many different applications. Fiber lasers offer big practical advantages over bulk solid-state laser systems in terms of flexibility, compactness, reliability, cost effectiveness and turn-key operability. Moreover, thermal effects are dramatically reduced due to the large surface-to-volume ratio of an optical fiber, and good spatial mode quality can be ensured by its waveguiding property. Therefore, a fiber-based laser system is considered to be the preferred laser architecture. The main theme of this thesis is the development of various femtosecond monolithic Yb-doped fiber chirped-pulse-amplification (FCPA) system and their applications. We demonstrate an ultrafast high-energy monolithic Yb-doped FCPA system in which the pulse fidelity is preserved by weakening the nonlinear effects via a substantial level of temporal stretching of the seed pulses and by using highly doped active fibers as amplifying media. The presented monolithic FCPA delivers up to ∼ 25 μJ diffraction-limited pulses that can be recompressed to sub-200 fs duration, and the pulse quality has been confirmed through the second-harmonic-generation (SHG) conversion efficiency of over 52%. Improved dispersion and nonlinearity management schemes of the FCPA system allowing substantial pulse energy scaling in the monolithic format as well as methods for overcoming a series of technological challenges are reported. Three different types of Yb-doped fiber oscillators have been developed and built in the course of this PhD work. First, we compare two oscillator types that are based on the all-normal-dispersion (ANDi) regime and the dispersion-managed (DM) regime. Both of them have been tested as the seed-pulse source of the monolithic Yb-doped FCPA system. Then we introduce another novel design based on higher-order-mode (HOM) dispersion management that competes with a

  7. Preparation and spectroscopic properties of Yb-doped and Yb-Al-codoped high silica glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qiao Yanbo; Wen Lei; Wu Botao; Ren Jinjun; Chen Danping; Qiu Jianrong

    2008-01-01

    Yb-doped and Yb-Al-codoped high silica glasses have been prepared by sintering nanoporous glasses. The absorption, fluorescent spectra and fluorescent lifetimes have been measured and the emission cross-section and minimum pump intensities were calculated. Codoping aluminum ions enhanced the fluorescence intensity of Yb-doped high silica glass obviously. The emission cross-sections of Yb-doped and Yb-Al-codoped high silica glasses were 0.65 and 0.82 pm 2 , respectively. The results show that Yb-Al-codoped high silica glass has better spectroscopic properties for a laser material. The study of high silica glass doped with ytterbium is helpful for its application in Yb laser systems, especially for high-power and high-repetition lasers

  8. Femtosecond all-polarization-maintaining fiber laser operating at 1028 nm

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Olsson, R.K.; Andersen, T.V.; Leick, Lasse

    2008-01-01

    We present an effective solution for an all-polarization-maintaining modelocked femtosecond fiber laser operating at the central wavelength of 1028 nm. The laser is based on an Yb-doped active fiber. Modelocking is enabled by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror, and the central wavelength i...... is enforced by a fiber Bragg grating. The laser is self-starting and demonstrates excellent stability gainst Q-switching. Pulse energies reach 13 nJ at 34 MHz repetition rate. External compression leads to near transform-limited pulses of 140 fs.......We present an effective solution for an all-polarization-maintaining modelocked femtosecond fiber laser operating at the central wavelength of 1028 nm. The laser is based on an Yb-doped active fiber. Modelocking is enabled by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror, and the central wavelength...

  9. 1-MHz high power femtosecond Yb-doped fiber chirped-pulse amplifier

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, Zhong-Qi; Yang, Pei-Long; Teng, Hao; Zhu, Jiang-Feng; Wei, Zhi-Yi

    2018-01-01

    A practical femtosecond polarization-maintaining Yb-doped fiber amplifier enabling 153 fs transform-limited pulse duration with 32 μJ pulse energy at 1 MHz repetition rate corresponding to a peak power of 0.21 GW is demonstrated. The laser system based on chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) technique is seeded by a dispersion managed, nonlinear polarization evolution (NPE) mode-locked oscillator with spectrum bandwidth of 31 nm at 1040 nm and amplified by three fiber pre-amplifying stages and a rod type fiber main amplifying stage. The laser works with beam quality of M2 of 1.3 and power stability of 0.63% (root mean square, RMS) over 24 hours will be stable sources for industrial micromachining, medical therapy and scientific research.

  10. New configurations for short-pulses high power solid-state lasers: conception and realization of highly doped waveguide amplifiers/lasers grown by liquid phase epitaxy and demonstration of Y2SiO5: Yb and Lu2SiO5: Yb femtosecond lasers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thibault, F.

    2006-04-01

    Yb-doped yttrium and lutetium ortho-silicates, Y 2 SiO 5 :Yb and Lu 2 SiO 5 :Yb respectively, exhibit spectroscopic properties favorable to an efficient laser operation in both high power cw and femtosecond regime. Their first diode-pumped femtosecond operation demonstration lead to exceptional performances in terms of output power and efficiency. In order to realize compact and efficient solid-state laser devices using those materials, we chose a configuration with an Yb-doped medium planar waveguide geometry, grown by liquid phase epitaxy, face-pumped by a single laser diode bar. The growth of highly doped Y 2 SiO 5 :Yb layers, within a large range of compositions and thicknesses, was demonstrated. The refractive index increase due to the substitution of the various dopants is analyzed. The layers spectroscopic properties are similar to the bulk ones, with an noticeably higher crystalline quality. The Yb ion lifetime evolution with respect to its doping shows up a particularly low decrease, proof of a low concentration of extrinsic quenching centers. The covered YSO:24%Yb waveguides exhibit lower than 0.3 dB/cm propagation losses, and provided up to 2.9 dB/cm net amplification at 1082 nm with a single mode output. The realization of the first diode-pumped monolithic cw waveguide lasers was also demonstrated. For a 4% output coupler, they provided up to 340 mW at 1082 nm with a 14% slope efficiency. (author)

  11. Monolithic Highly Stable Yb-Doped Femtosecond Fiber Lasers for Applications in Practical Biophotonics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2012-01-01

    in the development of all-fiber nonlinear-optical laser control schemes, which resulted in the demonstration of highly stable monolithic, i.e., not containing any free-space elements, lasers with direct fiber-end delivery of femtosecond pulses. This paper provides an overview of the progress in the development...... of such all-fiber mode-locked lasers based on Yb-fiber as gain medium, operating at the wavelength around 1 $\\mu$m, and delivering femtosecond pulses reaching tens of nanojoules of energy.......Operational and environmental stability of ultrafast laser systems is critical for their applications in practical biophotonics. Mode-locked fiber lasers show great promise in applications such as supercontinuum sources or multiphoton microscopy systems. Recently, substantial progress has been made...

  12. A femtosecond Yb-doped fiber laser with generalized vector vortex beams output (Conference Presentation)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huo, Tiancheng; Qi, Li; Zhang, Buyun; Chen, Zhongping

    2017-03-01

    Light carries both spin and orbital angular momentum (OAM) and the superpositions of these two dynamical properties have found many applications. Many techniques exist to create such light sources but none allow their creation at the femtosecond fiber laser. Here we report on a novel mode-locked Ytterbium-doped fiber laser that generates femtosecond pulses with generalized vector vortex states. The controlled generation of such pulses such as azimuthally and radially polarized light with definite orbital angular momentum modes are demonstrated. A unidirectional ring cavity constructed with the Yb-doped fiber placed at the end of the fiber section to reduces unnecessary nonlinear effects is employed for self-starting operation. Pairs of diffraction gratings are used for compensating the normal group velocity dispersion of the fiber and other elements. Mode-locked operation is achieved based on nonlinear polarization evolution, which is mainly implemented with the single mode fiber, the bulk wave plates and the variable spiral plates (q-plate with topological charge q=0.5). The conversion from spin angular momentum to the OAM and reverse inside the laser cavity are realized by means of a quarter-wave plate and a q-plate so that the polarization control was mapped to OAM mode control. The fiber laser is diode pumped by a wavelength-division multiplexing coupler, which leads to excellent stability and portability.

  13. Filament-induced luminescence and supercontinuum generation in undoped, Yb-doped, and Nd-doped YAG crystals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kudarauskas, D.; Tamošauskas, G.; Vengris, M.; Dubietis, A.

    2018-01-01

    We present a comparative spectral study of filament-induced luminescence and supercontinuum generation in undoped, Yb-doped, and Nd-doped YAG crystals. We show that supercontinuum spectra generated by femtosecond filamentation in undoped and doped YAG crystals are essentially identical in terms of spectral extent. On the other hand, undoped and doped YAG crystals exhibit remarkably different filament-induced luminescence spectra whose qualitative features are independent of the excitation wavelength and provide information on the energy deposition to embedded dopants, impurities, and the crystal lattice itself. Our findings suggest that filament-induced luminescence may serve as a simple and non-destructive tool for spectroscopic studies in various transparent dielectric media.

  14. Tunable femtosecond Cherenkov fiber laser

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Svane, Ask Sebastian; Lægsgaard, Jesper

    2014-01-01

    We demonstrate electrically-tunable femtosecond Cherenkov fiber laser output at the visible range. Using an all-fiber, self-starting femtosecond Yb-doped fiber laser as the pump source and nonlinear photonic crystal fiber link as the wave-conversion medium, ultrafast, milliwatt-level, tunable...... and spectral isolated Cherenkov radiation at visible wavelengths are reported. Such a femtosecond Cherenkov laser source is promising for practical biophotonics applications....

  15. All-fiber Yb-doped fiber laser passively mode-locking by monolayer MoS2 saturable absorber

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yue; Zhu, Jianqi; Li, Pingxue; Wang, Xiaoxiao; Yu, Hua; Xiao, Kun; Li, Chunyong; Zhang, Guangyu

    2018-04-01

    We report on an all-fiber passively mode-locked ytterbium-doped (Yb-doped) fiber laser with monolayer molybdenum disulfide (ML-MoS2) saturable absorber (SA) by three-temperature zone chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The modulation depth, saturation fluence, and non-saturable loss of this ML-MoS2 are measured to be 3.6%, 204.8 μJ/cm2 and 6.3%, respectively. Based on this ML-MoS2SA, a passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser has been achieved at 979 nm with pulse duration of 13 ps and repetition rate of 16.51 MHz. A mode-locked fiber laser at 1037 nm is also realized with a pulse duration of 475 ps and repetition rate of 26.5 MHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that the ML-MoS2 SA is used in an all-fiber Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser at 980 nm. Our work further points the excellent saturable absorption ability of ML-MoS2 in ultrafast photonic applications.

  16. Monolithic femtosecond Yb-fiber laser with photonic crystal fibers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    We demonstrate a monolithic stable SESAM-modelocked self-starting Yb-fiber laser. A novel PM all-solid photonic bandgap fiber is used for intra-cavity of dispersion management. The ex-cavity final pulse compression is performed in a spliced-on PM hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The laser...... directly delivers 9 nJ pulses of 275 fs duration with pulse repetition of 26.7MHz....

  17. Diode-pumped Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond Yb:YAG ceramic laser

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zi-Ye, Gao; Jiang-Feng, Zhu; Ke, Wang; Jun-Li, Wang; Zhao-Hua, Wang; Zhi-Yi, Wei

    2016-02-01

    We experimentally demonstrated a diode-pumped Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser based on an Yb:YAG ceramic. Stable laser pulses with 97-fs duration, 2.8-nJ pulse energy, and 320-mW average power were obtained. The femtosecond oscillator operated at a central wavelength of 1049 nm and a repetition rate of 115 MHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a Kerr-lens mode-locked operation in a diode-pumped Yb:YAG ceramic laser with sub-100 fs pulse duration. Project supported by the National Major Scientific Instrument Development Project of China (Grant No. 2012YQ120047), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61205130), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (Grant No. JB140502).

  18. NIR luminescent Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped SiO{sub 2}-ZrO{sub 2} nanostructured planar and channel waveguides: Optical and structural properties

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cunha, Cesar dos Santos [Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirao Preto/SP (Brazil); Ferrari, Jefferson Luis [Grupo de Pesquisa em Quimica de Materiais - (GPQM), Departamento de Ciencias Naturais, Universidade Federal de Sao Joao Del Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praca Dom Helvecio, 74, 36301-160, Sao Joao Del Rei, MG (Brazil); Oliveira, Drielly Cristina de [Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirao Preto/SP (Brazil); Maia, Lauro June Queiroz [Grupo Fisica de Materiais, Instituto de Fisica, UFG, Campus Samambaia, Caixa Postal 131, 74001-970, Goiania/GO (Brazil); Gomes, Anderson Stevens Leonidas [Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitaria, Recife/PE, 50670-901 (Brazil); Ribeiro, Sidney Jose Lima [Laboratorio de Materiais Fotonicos, Instituto de Quimica, UNESP, Caixa Postal 355, 14801-970, Araraquara/SP (Brazil); and others

    2012-09-14

    Optical and structural properties of planar and channel waveguides based on sol-gel Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} co-doped SiO{sub 2}-ZrO{sub 2} are reported. Microstructured channels with high homogeneous surface profile were written onto the surface of multilayered densified films deposited on SiO{sub 2}/Si substrates by a femtosecond laser etching technique. The densification of the planar waveguides was evaluated from changes in the refractive index and thickness, with full densification being achieved at 900 Degree-Sign C after annealing from 23 up to 500 min, depending on the ZrO{sub 2} content. Crystal nucleation and growth took place together with densification, thereby producing transparent glass ceramic planar waveguides containing rare earth-doped ZrO{sub 2} nanocrystals dispersed in a silica-based glassy host. Low roughness and crack-free surface as well as high confinement coefficient were achieved for all the compositions. Enhanced NIR luminescence of the Er{sup 3+} ions was observed for the Yb{sup 3+}-codoped planar waveguides, denoting an efficient energy transfer from the Yb{sup 3+} to the Er{sup 3+} ion. Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Sol-gel high NIR luminescent nanostructured planar and channel waveguides. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Microstructured channels written by a femtosecond laser etching technique. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Transparent glass ceramic with rare earth-doped ZrO{sub 2} nanocrystals in a silica host. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Enhanced NIR luminescence, efficient energy transfer from the Yb{sup 3+} to the Er{sup 3+} ion. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer New planar channel waveguides to be applied as EDWA in the C telecommunication band.

  19. Mass fabrication of homogeneously Yb-doped silica nanoparticles and their spectroscopic properties

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xiong Liangming; Sekiya, Edson H; Saito, Kazuya

    2009-01-01

    A large number of homogeneously Yb-doped silica nanoparticles were continually fabricated in a vapor synthesis route, in which the Yb doping level can be well controlled by varying either the heating temperature or the carrier gas flow rate of the Yb precursor. The sizes, shapes, and morphologies of the nanoparticles were examined, and no crystallites and no Yb 2 O 3 clusters were observed in the nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibit a clear Yb 3+ -derived absorption at around 973-975 nm and a dependence of the emission intensity and decay time on the doping level, much different from that of sintered pellets.

  20. Structure-Dependent Spectroscopic Properties of Yb3+-Doped Phosphosilicate Glasses Modified by SiO₂.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Ling; Zeng, Huidan; Yang, Bin; Ye, Feng; Chen, Jianding; Chen, Guorong; Smith, Andew T; Sun, Luyi

    2017-02-28

    Yb 3+ -doped phosphate glasses containing different amounts of SiO₂ were successfully synthesized by the conventional melt-quenching method. The influence mechanism of SiO₂ on the structural and spectroscopic properties was investigated systematically using the micro-Raman technique. It was worth noting that the glass with 26.7 mol % SiO₂ possessed the longest fluorescence lifetime (1.51 ms), the highest gain coefficient (1.10 ms·pm²), the maximum Stark splitting manifold of ²F 7/2 level (781 cm -1 ), and the largest scalar crystal-field N J and Yb 3+ asymmetry degree. Micro-Raman spectra revealed that introducing SiO₂ promoted the formation of P=O linkages, but broke the P=O linkages when the SiO₂ content was greater than 26.7 mol %. Based on the previous 29 Si MAS NMR experimental results, these findings further demonstrated that the formation of [SiO₆] may significantly affect the formation of P=O linkages, and thus influences the spectroscopic properties of the glass. These results indicate that phosphosilicate glasses may have potential applications as a Yb 3+ -doped gain medium for solid-state lasers and optical fiber amplifiers.

  1. High-efficiency diode-pumped femtosecond Yb:YAG ceramic laser

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Zhou, Binbin; Wei, Z.Y.; Zou, Y.W.

    2010-01-01

    A highly efficient diode-end-pumped femtosecond Yb:yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) ceramic laser was demonstrated. Pumped by a 968 nm fiber-coupled diode laser, 1.9 W mode-locked output power at a repetition rate of 64.27 MHz was obtained with 3.5 W absorbed pump power, corresponding to a slope...... efficiency of 76%. Our measurement showed that the pulse duration was 418 fs with the central wavelength of 1048 nm....

  2. Yb-doped aluminophosphosilicate ternary fiber with high efficiency and excellent laser stability

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Yuwei; Peng, Kun; Zhan, Huan; Liu, Shuang; Ni, Li; Wang, Yuying; Yu, Juan; Wang, Xiaolong; Wang, Jianjun; Jing, Feng; Lin, Aoxiang

    2018-03-01

    By using chelate precursor doping technique and traditional modified chemical vapor deposition system, we fabricated Yb-doped aluminophosphosilicate (Al2O3-P2O5-SiO2, ternary Yb-APS) large-mode-area fiber and reported on its laser performance. The fiber preform was doped with Al, P and Yb with concentration of ∼8000 ppm, ∼1700 ppm and ∼400 ppm in molar percent, respectively. Tested with master oscillator power amplifier system, the home-made Yb-APS fiber was found to present 1.02 kW at 1061.1 nm with a high slope efficiency of 81.2% and excellent laser stability with power fluctuation less than ±1.1% for over 10 h. Compared with Yb-doped aluminosilicate (Al2O3-SiO2, binary Yb-AS) fiber, the introduction of P2O5 effectively suppressed photodarkening effect even the P/Al ratio is much less than 1, indicating that Yb-APS fiber is a better candidate for high power fiber lasers.

  3. Characterizations of Pr-doped Yb3Al5O12 single crystals for scintillator applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yoshida, Yasuki; Shinozaki, Kenji; Igashira, Takuya; Kawano, Naoki; Okada, Go; Kawaguchi, Noriaki; Yanagida, Takayuki

    2018-04-01

    Yb3Al5O12 (YbAG) single crystals doped with different concentrations of Pr were synthesized by the Floating Zone (FZ) method. Then, we evaluated their basic optical and scintillation properties. All the samples showed photoluminescence (PL) with two emission bands appeared approximately 300-500 nm and 550-600 nm due to the charge transfer luminescence of Yb3+ and intrinsic luminescence of the garnet structure, respectively. A PL decay profile of each sample was approximated by a sum of two exponential decay functions, and the obtained decay times were 1 ns and 3-4 ns. In the scintillation spectra, we observed emission peaks in the ranges from 300 to 400 nm and from 450 to 550 nm for all the samples. The origins of these emissions were attributed to charge transfer luminescence of Yb3+ and intrinsic luminescence of the garnet structure, respectively. The scintillation decay times became longer with increasing the Pr concentrations. Among the present samples, the 0.1% Pr-doped sample showed the lowest scintillation afterglow level. In addition, pulse height spectrum of 5.5 MeV α-rays was demonstrated using the Pr-doped YbAG, and we confirmed that all the samples showed a full energy deposited peak. Above all, the 0.1% Pr-doped sample showed the highest light yield with a value of 14 ph/MeV under α-rays excitation.

  4. Assessment of effect of Yb3+ ion pairs on a highly Yb-doped double-clad fibre laser

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vallés, J. A.; Martín, J. C.; Berdejo, V.; Cases, R.; Álvarez, J. M.; Rebolledo, M. Á.

    2018-03-01

    Using a previously validated characterization method based on the careful measurement of the characteristic parameters and fluorescence emission spectra of a highly Yb-doped double-clad fibre, we evaluate the contribution of ion pair induced processes to the output power of a double-clad Yb-doped fibre ring laser. This contribution is proved to be insignificant, contrary to analysis by other authors, who overestimate the role of ion pairs.

  5. Structure-Dependent Spectroscopic Properties of Yb3+-Doped Phosphosilicate Glasses Modified by SiO2

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ling Wang

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Yb3+-doped phosphate glasses containing different amounts of SiO2 were successfully synthesized by the conventional melt-quenching method. The influence mechanism of SiO2 on the structural and spectroscopic properties was investigated systematically using the micro-Raman technique. It was worth noting that the glass with 26.7 mol % SiO2 possessed the longest fluorescence lifetime (1.51 ms, the highest gain coefficient (1.10 ms·pm2, the maximum Stark splitting manifold of 2F7/2 level (781 cm−1, and the largest scalar crystal-field NJ and Yb3+ asymmetry degree. Micro-Raman spectra revealed that introducing SiO2 promoted the formation of P=O linkages, but broke the P=O linkages when the SiO2 content was greater than 26.7 mol %. Based on the previous 29Si MAS NMR experimental results, these findings further demonstrated that the formation of [SiO6] may significantly affect the formation of P=O linkages, and thus influences the spectroscopic properties of the glass. These results indicate that phosphosilicate glasses may have potential applications as a Yb3+-doped gain medium for solid-state lasers and optical fiber amplifiers.

  6. Structure-Dependent Spectroscopic Properties of Yb3+-Doped Phosphosilicate Glasses Modified by SiO2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Ling; Zeng, Huidan; Yang, Bin; Ye, Feng; Chen, Jianding; Chen, Guorong; Smith, Andew T.; Sun, Luyi

    2017-01-01

    Yb3+-doped phosphate glasses containing different amounts of SiO2 were successfully synthesized by the conventional melt-quenching method. The influence mechanism of SiO2 on the structural and spectroscopic properties was investigated systematically using the micro-Raman technique. It was worth noting that the glass with 26.7 mol % SiO2 possessed the longest fluorescence lifetime (1.51 ms), the highest gain coefficient (1.10 ms·pm2), the maximum Stark splitting manifold of 2F7/2 level (781 cm−1), and the largest scalar crystal-field NJ and Yb3+ asymmetry degree. Micro-Raman spectra revealed that introducing SiO2 promoted the formation of P=O linkages, but broke the P=O linkages when the SiO2 content was greater than 26.7 mol %. Based on the previous 29Si MAS NMR experimental results, these findings further demonstrated that the formation of [SiO6] may significantly affect the formation of P=O linkages, and thus influences the spectroscopic properties of the glass. These results indicate that phosphosilicate glasses may have potential applications as a Yb3+-doped gain medium for solid-state lasers and optical fiber amplifiers. PMID:28772601

  7. Dielectric relaxation in Yb-doped SrZrO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kamishima, O; Abe, Y; Ishii, T; Kawamura, J; Hattori, T

    2004-01-01

    The dielectric constant of the proton conductor SrZr 1-x Yb x O 3 (x 0-0.1) was measured as a function of temperature and frequency. Two well-defined relaxation peaks were observed in SrZrO 3 doped with more than 1 mol% of Yb. The assignment of the two dielectric relaxations is discussed in terms of IR spectra and by free energy calculation for a miscibility of dopant Yb ions. The Yb concentration dependence of the relaxation strength of the two dielectric relaxations is in agreement with the results calculated from the free energy. The two relaxations can be assigned to a reorientation of a single Yb-OH dipole and of Yb-OH dipoles associated with Yb-clusters. The attractive energy for Yb-clustering in SrZrO 3 is evaluated at about -85 meV

  8. Growth and laser action of Yb: YVO4 crystals with low Yb doping concentration

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhong, Degao; Teng, Bing; Li, Jianhong; Zhang, Shiming; Zhang, Bingtao; Wang, Chao; Tian, Xueping; Liu, Junhai

    2012-11-01

    Yb: YVO4 single crystals with low doping concentrations of Yb3+ less than 0.3 at% were grown using the Czochralski method. The polarized absorption spectra were measured at room temperature. Strong anisotropy exists in the absorption spectra, resulting in almost entirely different features for π-polarization and σ-polarization. The laser emission spectrum and relationship curve between the output power and absorbed pump power (Pabs) were measured. The continuous-wave laser action of Yb: YVO4 single crystal in a range of 1020.4-1026.3 nm was realized by using a high-power diode laser as the pump source.

  9. Thermodynamic properties of multiferroic Mg doped YbMnO{sub 3}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sattibabu, Bhumireddi, E-mail: bsb.satti@gmail.com [School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Bhatnagar, A.K., E-mail: anilb42@gmail.com [School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Samatham, S. Shanmukharao; Singh, D. [Low Temperature Laboratory, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, M.P. (India); Rayaprol, S. [UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC Campus, Mumbai 400085 (India); Das, D. [School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Siruguri, V. [UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC Campus, Mumbai 400085 (India); Ganesan, V. [Low Temperature Laboratory, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, M.P. (India)

    2015-09-25

    Highlights: • Specific heat data shows that T{sub N} increases for Mg doped YbMnO{sub 3} from 83 K to 86 K. • Yb{sub 1−x}Mg{sub x}MnO{sub 3} (x = 0.0 and 0.05) shows multiple magnetic transitions. • RCP are found to be 26.1 J/mol and 27.2 J/mol for YbMnO{sub 3} and Yb{sub 0.95}Mg{sub 0.05}MnO{sub 3}. - Abstract: Calorimetric studies of polycrystalline samples Yb{sub 1−x}Mg{sub x}MnO{sub 3} with x = 0.0 and 0.05 are reported. It is revealed that the Mg doping raises the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature, T{sub N,} from 83 K for x = 0.0 to 86 K for x = 0.05. A ferromagnetic ordering is also observed around 3 K. The broad feature in the specific heat data just above ferromagnetic ordering, is attributed to the Schottky anomaly. The estimated effective molecular fields from the Schottky analysis are H{sub mf} = 3.0 and 3.5 T for YbMnO{sub 3} and Yb{sub 0.95}Mg{sub 0.05}MnO{sub 3}, respectively. High temperature shift of Schottky anomaly with Mg doping indicates increase in effective molecular field of Mn at the Yb 4b site. The data supports that the idea that although molecular field is mainly responsible for the Schottky anomaly in Yb{sub 1−x}Mg{sub x}MnO{sub 3} and Mn{sup 3+} spin ordering also affects it. Magnetic part of the specific heat is obtained by subtracting the lattice contribution estimated using two Debye temperatures. The magnetic entropy change (ΔS{sub mag}) for pure and doped samples are 2.0 J mol{sup −1} K{sup −1} and 2.1 J mol{sup −1} K{sup −1} respectively, while the relative cooling power (RCP) calculate 26.1 J/mol, 27.2 J/mol for a field change of 10 T.

  10. Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fibers for single-mode amplification

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Poli, Frederica; Passaro, Davide; Cucinotta, Annamaria

    2009-01-01

    The competition among the guided modes in rod-type photonic crystal fibers with a low refractive index ring in the Yb-doped core is investigated with an amplifier model to demonstrate the effective higher-order mode suppression.......The competition among the guided modes in rod-type photonic crystal fibers with a low refractive index ring in the Yb-doped core is investigated with an amplifier model to demonstrate the effective higher-order mode suppression....

  11. Multimodal emissions from Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped lithium borate glass: Upconversion, downshifting and quantum cutting

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bahadur, A.; Yadav, R.S.; Yadav, R.V.; Rai, S.B., E-mail: sbrai49@yahoo.co.in

    2017-02-15

    This paper reports the optical properties of Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped lithium borate (LB) glass prepared by melt quench method. The absorption spectrum of the Yb{sup 3+} doped LB glass contains intense NIR band centered at 976 nm due to {sup 2}F{sub 7/2}→{sup 2}F{sub 5/2} transition. The emission spectra of the prepared glasses have been monitored on excitation with 266, 355 and 976 nm. The Yb{sup 3+} doped glass emits a broad NIR band centered at 976 nm whereas the Tb{sup 3+} doped glass gives off visible bands on excitations with 266 and 355 nm. When the Tb{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} ions are co-doped together, the emission intensity in the visible region decreases whereas it increases in the NIR region significantly. The increase in the emission intensity in the NIR region is due to efficient cooperative energy transfer (CET) from Tb{sup 3+} to Yb{sup 3+} ions. The quantum cutting efficiency for Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped glass has been calculated and compared for 266 and 355 nm excitations. The quantum cutting efficiency is larger for 355 nm excitation (137%). The Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped LB glass also emits upconverted visible bands on excitation with 976 nm. The mechanisms involved in the energy transfer have been discussed using schematic energy level diagram. The Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped LB glass may be used in the optical devices and in solar cell for solar spectral conversion and behaves as a multi-modal photo-luminescent material. - Graphical abstract: The Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped lithium borate (LB) glass prepared by melt quench method emits upconverted visible emissions through upconversion CET from Yb{sup 3+} to Tb{sup 3+} ions and quantum cutting emissions through downconversion CET from Tb{sup 3+} to Yb{sup 3+} ions. Therefore, the Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped LB glass may find applications in optical devices and solar cell and behaves as a multi-modal photo-luminescent material. - Highlights: • The Tb{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3

  12. Guided mode gain competition in Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fibers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Poli, Federica; Passaro, Davide; Cucinotta, Annamaria

    2009-01-01

    The gain competition among the guided modes in Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fibers with a low refractive index core is investigated with a spatial model to demonstrate the fiber effective single-mode behaviour.......The gain competition among the guided modes in Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fibers with a low refractive index core is investigated with a spatial model to demonstrate the fiber effective single-mode behaviour....

  13. Chalcogen doping of silicon via intense femtosecond-laser irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sheehy, Michael A.; Tull, Brian R.; Friend, Cynthia M.; Mazur, Eric

    2007-01-01

    We have previously shown that doping silicon with sulfur via femtosecond-laser irradiation leads to near-unity absorption of radiation from ultraviolet wavelengths to below band gap short-wave infrared wavelengths. Here, we demonstrate that doping silicon with two other group VI elements (chalcogens), selenium and tellurium, also leads to near-unity broadband absorption. A powder of the chalcogen dopant is spread on the silicon substrate and irradiated with femtosecond-laser pulses. We examine and compare the resulting morphology, optical properties, and chemical composition for each chalcogen-doped substrate before and after thermal annealing. Thermal annealing reduces the absorption of below band gap radiation by an amount that correlates with the diffusivity of the chalcogen dopant used to make the sample. We propose a mechanism for the absorption of below band gap radiation based on defects in the lattice brought about by the femtosecond-laser irradiation and the presence of a supersaturated concentration of chalcogen dopant atoms. The selenium and tellurium doped samples show particular promise for use in infrared photodetectors as they retain most of their infrared absorptance even after thermal annealing-a necessary step in many semiconductor device manufacturing processes

  14. Analysis of structure origin and luminescence properties of Yb(3+)-Er(3+) co-doped fluorophosphate glass.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Fangze; Jing, Xufeng; Wei, Tao; Wang, Fengchao; Tian, Ying; Xu, Shiqing

    2014-08-14

    The near infrared luminescence properties of Yb(3+)-Er(3+) co-doped fluorophosphate glasses have been investigated. The various effects on structure and 1.53 μm emission were analyzed as a function of Yb(3+) concentration. The energy transfer mechanism was proposed. High measured lifetime (10.75 ms), large effective full widths at half maximum (73.71 nm) and large gain per unit length (62.8 × 10(-)(24)cm(2)s) have been achieved in prepared glass. The present glass co-doped with 6mol% YbF3 and 2 mol% ErF3 showed magnificent luminescence properties for telecommunication application. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  15. Downconversion in Pr3+–Yb3+ co-doped ZBLA fluoride glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Maalej, O.; Boulard, B.; Dieudonné, B.; Ferrari, M.; Dammak, M.; Dammak, M.

    2015-01-01

    Fluorozirconate ZBLA glasses with molar composition 57ZrF 4 –34BaF 2 –5LaF 3 –4AlF 3 –0.5PrF 3 –xYbF 3 (from x=0 to 10) were synthesized to evaluate the rate of the conversion of visible photons into infrared photons. The emission spectra in the near infrared (NIR) at 950–1100 nm and the luminescence decays in the visible and NIR indicate an energy transfer from Pr 3+ to Yb 3+ upon blue excitation of Pr 3+ at 440 nm. The energy transfer efficiency increases with Yb 3+ concentration to reach 86% with 0.5Pr 3+ –10Yb 3+ co-doping (in mol%). However, the quenching of the Yb 3+ emission strongly reduces the efficiency of the downconversion process: the decay time values decrease from 600 µs (x=0.5 mol%) to 85 µs (x=10 mol%). - Highlights: • We synthesized 0.5Pr 3+ –xYb 3+ co-doped ZBLA glasses (from x=0 to 10 mol %). • Photoluminescence of Yb 3+ was observed at 980 nm under blue excitation. • Time resolved measurements have been performed in the visible and near infrared. • Energy transfer efficiency from Pr 3+ to Yb 3+ reaches 86% in 0.5 Pr 3+ –10Yb 3+ glass

  16. Photoluminescence study of Sm{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+}co-doped tellurite glass embedding silver nanoparticles

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Reza Dousti, M., E-mail: mrdousti@ifsc.usp.br [Laboratório de Espectroscopia de Materiais Funcionais (LEMAF), Instituto de Fisica de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador So-carlense 400, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 (Brazil); Department of Physics, Tehran-North Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of); Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor (Malaysia); Amjad, R.J. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor (Malaysia); Department of Physics, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000 (Pakistan); Hosseinian S, R.; Salehi, M.; Sahar, M.R. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81310, Johor (Malaysia)

    2015-03-15

    We report on the upconversion emission of Sm{sup 3+} ions doped tellurite glass in the presence of Yb{sup 3+} ions and silver nanoparticles. The enhancement of infrared-to-visible upconversion emissions is achieved under 980 nm excitation wavelength and attributed to the high absorption cross section of Yb{sup 3+} ions and an efficient energy transfer to Sm{sup 3+} ions. Further enhancements are attributed to the plasmonic effect via metallic nanoparticles resulting in the large localized field around rare earth ions. However, under excitation at 406 nm, the addition of Yb{sup 3+} content and heat-treated silver nanoparticles quench the luminescence of Sm{sup 3+} ions likely due to quantum cutting and plasmonic diluent effects, respectively. - Highlights: • Sm{sup 3+} tellurite glasses co-doped with Yb{sup 3+} ions and tri-doped with Yb{sup 3+}:Ag NPs were prepared. • In first step, Yb{sup 3+} ions enhanced the upconversion emissions of Sm{sup 3+} doped samples. • In second step, Ag NPs further enhanced the upconversion emissions in tri-doped glasses. • Finally, the quench in luminescence under 406 nm excitation is observed and discussed.

  17. Resonantly cladding-pumped Yb-free Er-doped LMA fiber laser with record high power and efficiency.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Jun; Fromzel, Viktor; Dubinskii, Mark

    2011-03-14

    We report the results of our power scaling experiments with resonantly cladding-pumped Er-doped eye-safe large mode area (LMA) fiber laser. While using commercial off-the-shelf LMA fiber we achieved over 88 W of continuous-wave (CW) single transverse mode power at ~1590 nm while pumping at 1532.5 nm. Maximum observed optical-to-optical efficiency was 69%. This result presents, to the best of our knowledge, the highest power reported from resonantly-pumped Yb-free Er-doped LMA fiber laser, as well as the highest efficiency ever reported for any cladding-pumped Er-doped laser, either Yb-co-doped or Yb-free.

  18. Spectroscopy of Yb-doped tungsten-tellurite glass and assessment of its lasing properties

    Science.gov (United States)

    Merzliakov, M. A.; Kouhar, V. V.; Malashkevich, G. E.; Pestryakov, E. V.

    2018-01-01

    Glasses of the TeO2-WO3-Yb2O3 system are synthesized for wide range of Yb3+ concentrations of up to 6.0 × 1021 ions/cm3. The spectral-luminescent properties of lightly doped samples are investigated at room temperature and at the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. The energies of the Stark levels of the ground and excited states of Yb3+ ions incorporated into tungsten-tellurite glass are determined by analyzing the low-temperature spectra. The absorption, emission, and gain cross section spectra are obtained. The excess of the measured fluorescence decay time over the radiative lifetime ∼0.3 ms derived from the absorption spectra is attributed to the reabsorption effect in bulk samples. Measurements of lightly doped glass powder in the immersion liquid are made to reduce the effect of reabsorption. The fluorescence decay time of the powder is very close to the calculated radiative lifetime. Compared with phosphate, silicate, and other Yb3+-doped glasses, the tungsten-tellurite glass has a promising potential as a gain medium for lasers and amplifiers.

  19. Absorption Spectra Of Rbcl:Yb Rbbr:Yb And Rbi:Yb Crystals ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Single crystals of rubidium chloride, bromide and iodide were doped with substitutional divalent ytterbium, Yb ions, by heating them in ytterbium atmosphere. The absorption spectra of the Yb doped crystals were measured at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures. The spectra were found to consist of intense broad ...

  20. Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of rare earth Yb-doped Ba8−xYbxSi30Ga16 clathrates

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, Lihua; Li, Feng; Wei, Yuping; Chen, Ning; Bi, Shanli; Qiu, Hongmei; Cao, Guohui; Li, Yang

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • Samples with the chemical formula Ba8− x Yb x Si 30 Ga 16 (x = 0, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 1.5) were prepared. • Some Yb atoms enter the clathrate lattice to replace Ba, while other Yb atoms are oxidized as Yb 2 O 3 . • The thermal conductivity decreases with Yb-doping. • Thermoelectric figure of merit ZT significantly increased. -- Abstract: The potential thermoelectric and magnetic application of clathrate materials with rare-earth doping is the focus of much of the recent research activity in the synthetic material physics and chemistry. A series of clathrate samples with the chemical formula Ba 8−x Yb x Si 30 Ga 16 (x = 0, 0.5, 0.7, 1 and 1.5) were prepared by combining arc melting, ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS) techniques. X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed the dominant phase to be the type-I clathrate. Whereas, X-ray structural refinement and EDS analysis indicated that some Yb atoms enter the clathrate lattice to replace Ba at 2a sites, while other Yb atoms are oxidized as Yb 2 O 3 precipitated around grain boundaries. The solid solubility of Yb into clathrate lattice yielded x ∼ 0.3. Comparative analysis between Yb-doped and Yb-free clathrates showed that the thermal conductivity decreases with Yb-doping. Consequently, thermoelectric figure of merit ZT significantly increased

  1. Magnetocaloric effect in In doped YbMnO{sub 3}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sattibabu, Bhumireddi, E-mail: bsb.satti@gmail.com [School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Department of Electronics and Physics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam 530045 (India); Bhatnagar, A.K., E-mail: anilb42@gmail.com [School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Vinod, K.; Mani, Awadhesh [Condensed Matter Physics Division, Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102 (India)

    2017-06-01

    Magnetic and magnetocaloric (MCE) properties of Yb{sub 0.9}In{sub 0.1}MnO{sub 3} and Yb{sub 0.8}In{sub 0.2}MnO{sub 3} polycrystalline samples are presented in this paper. Isothermal magnetization measurements reveal a field induced magnetic transition. Magnetic entropy change of 2.34±0.35 J/mole-K for Yb{sub 0.9}In{sub 0.1}MnO{sub 3} and 2.64±0.38 J/mole-K for Yb{sub 0.8}In{sub 0.2}MnO{sub 3} field change ΔH =10 KOe is observed around the ferromagnetic ordering temperature of Yb{sup 3+}. Values of relative cooling power for the same field change are found to be 38.03±9 J /mol, and 40.90±10 J/mol for Yb{sub 0.9}In{sub 0.1}MnO{sub 3} and Yb{sub 0.8}In{sub 0.2}MnO{sub 3}, respectively. These values suggest In doped YbMnO{sub 3} may be a potential candidate for magnetic refrigerant at low temperatures.

  2. Synthesis and characterization of Nd3+: Yb3+ co-doped near infrared sensitive fluorapatite nanoparticles as a bioimaging probe

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karthi, S.; Kumar, G. A.; Sardar, D. K.; Santhosh, C.; Girija, E. K.

    2018-03-01

    Trivalent Nd and Yb co-doped rod shaped hexagonal phase fluorapatite (FAP) nanoparticles of length and width about 32 and 13 nm, respectively were prepared by hydrothermal method and investigated the ability for 980 nm emission via Nd3+ → Yb3+ energy transfer with the objective of utilizing them in biomedical imaging. Nd3+ → Yb3+ energy transfer in FAP was studied as a function of both Nd3+ and Yb3+ concentrations and found that when Yb3+ concentration was 10 mol% the FAP phase has partially turned in to YbPO4 phase. The Yb3+ emission intensity at 980 nm significantly increased up to 5 mol% Yb3+ doping and then reduced drastically for further increase in its concentration. Nd3+ →Yb3+ energy transfer rates were evaluated from the decay curves and found that a transfer rate of 71% for 2 mol% Nd3+ co-doped with 5 mol% Yb3+. The cytocompatibility test with fibroblast like cells using MTT assay revealed that the nanoparticles are compatible with the cells.

  3. Thermoluminescence properties of Yb-Tb-doped SiO2 optical fiber subject to 6 and 10 MV photon irradiation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sahini, M. H.; Wagiran, H.; Hossain, I.; Saeed, M. A.; Ali, H.

    2014-08-01

    This paper reports thermoluminescence characteristics of thermoluminescence dosimetry 100 chips and Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers irradiated with 6 and 10 MV photons. Thermoluminescence response of both dosimeters increases over a wide photon dose range from 0.5 to 4 Gy. Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers demonstrate useful thermoluminescence properties and represent a good candidate for thermoluminescence dosimetry application with ionizing radiation. The results of this fiber have been compared with those of commercially available standard thermoluminescence dosimetry-100 media. Commercially available Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers and said standard media are found to yield a linear relationship between dose- and thermoluminescence signal, although Yb-Tb-doped optical fibers provide only 10 % of the sensitivity of thermoluminescence dosimetry-100. With better thermoluminescence characteristics such as small size (125 μm diameter), high flexibility, easy of handling and low cost, as compared to other thermoluminescence materials, indicate that commercial Yb-Tb-doped optical fiber is a promising thermoluminescence material for variety of applications.

  4. Tunable multicolor and white-light upconversion luminescence in Yb3+/Tm3+/Ho3+ tri-doped NaYF4 micro-crystals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Hao; Xu, Dekang; Teng, Dongdong; Yang, Shenghong; Zhang, Yueli

    2015-09-01

    NaYF4 micro-crystals with various concentrations of Yb(3+) /Tm(3+) /Ho(3+) were prepared successfully via a simple and reproducible hydrothermal route using EDTA as the chelating agent. Their phase structure and surface morphology were studied using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD patterns revealed that all the samples were pure hexagonal phase NaYF4. SEM images showed that Yb(3+)/Tm(3+)/Ho(3+) tri-doped NaYF4 were hexagonal micro-prisms. Upconversion photoluminescence spectra of Yb(3+)/Tm(3+)/Ho(3+) tri-doped NaYF4 micro-crystals with various dopant concentrations under 980 nm excitation with a 665 mW pump power were studied. Tunable multicolor (purple, purplish blue, yellowish green, green) and white light were achieved by simply adjusting the Ho(3+) concentration in 20%Yb(3+)/1%Tm(3+)/xHo(3+) tri-doped NaYF4 micro-crystals. Furthermore, white-light emissions could be obtained using different pump powers in 20%Yb(3+)/1%Tm(3+)/1%Ho(3+) tri-doped NaYF4 micro-crystals at 980 nm excitation. The pump power-dependent intensity relationship was studied and relevant energy transfer processes were discussed in detail. The results suggest that Yb(3+)/Tm(3+) Ho(3+) tri-doped NaYF4 micro-crystals have potential applications in optoelectronic devices such as photovoltaic, plasma display panel and white-light-emitting diodes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  5. All-PM monolithic fs Yb-fiber laser, dispersion-managed with all-solid photonic bandgap fiber

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2009-01-01

    All-in-fiber SESAM-modelocked self-starting fiber laser is demonstrated. Cavity dispersion is managed by a spliced-in PM all-solid photonic bandgap fiber. The laser directly delivers 1.25 nJ pulses of 280 fs duration.......All-in-fiber SESAM-modelocked self-starting fiber laser is demonstrated. Cavity dispersion is managed by a spliced-in PM all-solid photonic bandgap fiber. The laser directly delivers 1.25 nJ pulses of 280 fs duration....

  6. Color tunable emission through energy transfer from Yb3+ co-doped SrSnO3: Ho3+ perovskite nano-phosphor

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jain, Neha; Singh, Rajan Kr.; Sinha, Shriya; Singh, R. A.; Singh, Jai

    2018-04-01

    First time color tunable lighting observed from Ho3+ and Yb3+ co-doped SrSnO3 perovskite. Down-conversion and up-conversion (UC) photoluminescence emission spectra were recorded to understand the whole mechanism of energy migration between Ho3+ and Yb3+ ions. The intensity of green and red emission varies with Yb3+ doping which causes multicolour emissions from nano-phosphor. The intensity of UC red emission (654 nm) obtained from 1 at.% Ho3+ and 3 at.% Yb3+ co-doped nano-phosphor is nine times higher than from 1 at.% Ho3+ doped SrSnO3 nano-phosphor. Enhanced brightness of 654 nm in UC process belongs in biological transparency window so that it might be a promising phosphor in the bio-medical field. Moreover, for the other Yb3+ co-doped nano-phosphor, Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage chromaticity co-ordinates were found near the white region and their CCT values lie in the range 4900-5100 K indicating cool white. Decay time was measured for 545 nm emission of Ho3+ ion found in 7.652 and 8.734 µs at 355 nm excitation. The variation in lifetime was observed in ascending order with increasing Yb3+ concentration which supports PL emission spectra observation that with increasing Yb3+ concentration, rate of transition has changed. These studies reveal that Ho3+ and Yb3+ co-doped phosphor is useful for fabrication of white LEDs.

  7. Spectroscopic properties of Er3+ and Yb3+ co-doped glass ceramics containing SrF2 nanocrystals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qiao Xvsheng; Fan Xianping; Wang Minquan; Zhang Xianghua

    2009-01-01

    The spectroscopic properties of Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped 50SiO 2 -10Al 2 O 3 -20ZnF 2 -20SrF 2 glass and glass ceramic containing SrF 2 nanocrystals were investigated. The formation of SrF 2 nanocrystals in the glass ceramic was confirmed by XRD. The oscillator strengths for several transitions of the Er 3+ ions in the glass ceramic have been obtained and the Judd-Ofelt parameters were then determined. The XRD result and Judd-Ofelt parameters suggested that Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ions had efficiently enriched in the SrF 2 nanocrystals in the glass ceramic. The lifetime of excited states has been used to reveal the surroundings of luminescent Er 3+ and Yb 3+ and energy transfer (ET) mechanism between Er 3+ and Yb 3+ . Much stronger upconversion luminescence and longer lifetime of the Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped glass ceramic were observed in comparison with the Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped glass, which could be ascribed to more efficient ET from Yb 3+ to Er 3+ due to the enrichment of Yb 3+ and Er 3+ and the shortening of the distance between lanthanide ions in the precipitated SrF 2 nanocrystals.

  8. Visible and near infrared up-conversion luminescence in Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped yttria-alumino-silicate glass based optical fibers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Halder, Arindam; Chandra Paul, Mukul; Wadi Harun, Sulaiman; Kumar Bhadra, Shyamal; Bysakh, Sandip; Das, Shyamal; Pal, Mrinmay

    2013-01-01

    We report blue light up-conversion (UC) emission in Yb–Tm co-doped nano-phase separated yttria-alumino-silicate (YAS) glass based D-shaped with low-index cladding optical fibers. Y 2 O 3 creates an environment of nano structured YAS glass phases with Yb and Tm rich zone into the core glass which confirmed from TEM analyses. This kind of glass host assists in distributing of Yb and Tm rich zone uniformly throughout the core region. Yb and Tm doped regions exist mainly into nano YAS phases, defined as RE rich nano YAS-RE phases. All samples exhibit UC luminescence peaks at 483 nm, 650 nm and 817 nm for Tm 3+ and 1044 nm for Yb 3+ under excitation by 975 nm laser light. In such type of nano-engineered glass–ceramic based host, almost all the Yb ions transferred its energy to the nearer Tm ions. In particular 483 nm emission is attributed to 1 G 4 → 3 H 6 transition through a three step resonance energy transfer (ET) from excited Yb 3+ . The highest emission intensity is obtained with a concentration of 0.5 wt% Tm 3+ and 2.0 wt% Yb 3+ . The ET between Yb 3+ and Tm 3+ is increased with increase of Yb 3+ concentration with respect to Tm 3+ . The experimental fluorescence life-times of Tm 3+ upconversion emission at visible wavelengths into such kind of fiber is reported under 975 nm pump excitation. The present study is important for development of an efficient tunable 483 nm fluorescence light source. -- Highlights: • We report nano-phase separated YAS glass host based Yb–Tm co-doped optical fibers. • Almost all the Yb transferred its energy to the neighboring Tm ions. • We report strong UC luminescence peaks at 483 nm and 817 nm wavelengths. • We report third ET coefficient as 1.6723 Hz for such kind of Yb–Tm codoped fiber. • We report suitable fiber as an efficient tunable 483 nm fluorescence light source

  9. All-fiber femtosecond Cherenkov laser at visible wavelengths

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Møller, Uffe Visbech

    2013-01-01

    -matching condition [1]. The resonant ultrafast wave conversion via the fiber-optic CR mechanism is instrumental for applications in biophotonics such as bio-imaging and microscopy [2]. In this work, we demonstrate a highly-stable all-fiber, fully monolithic CR system based on an Yb-fiber femtosecond laser, producing...... to be as low as -103 dBc/Hz. This is 2 orders of magnitudes lower noise as compared to spectrally-sliced supercontinuum, which is the current standard of ultrafast fiber-optic generation at visible wavelength. The layout of the laser system is shown in Fig. 1(a). The system consists of two parts: an all-fiber......Fiber-optic Cherenkov radiation (CR), also known as dispersive wave generation or non-solitonic radiation, is produced in small-core photonic crystal fibers (PCF) when a soliton perturbed by fiber higher-order dispersion co-propagates with a dispersive wave fulfilling a certain phase...

  10. Nanocrystal in Er3+-doped SiO2-ZrO2 Planar Waveguide with Yb3+ Sensitizer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Razaki, N. Iznie; Jais, U. Sarah; Abd-Rahman, M. Kamil; Bhaktha, S. N. B.; Chiasera, A.; Ferrari, M.

    2010-01-01

    Higher doping of Er 3+ in glass ceramic waveguides would cause concentration and pair-induced quenching which lead to inhomogeneous line-width of luminescence spectrum thus reduce output intensity. Concentration quenching can be overcome by introducing ZrO 2 in the glass matrix while co-doping with Yb 3+ which acts as sensitizer would improve the excitation efficiency of Er 3+ . In this study, SiO 2 -ZrO 2 planar waveguides having composition in mol percent of 70SiO 2 -30ZrO 2 doped with Er 3+ and co-doped with Yb 3+ , were prepared via sol-gel route. Narrower and shaper peaks of PL and XRD shows the formation of nanocrystals. Intensity is increase with addition amount of Yb 3+ shows sensitizing effect on Er 3+ .

  11. Down-conversion luminescence from (Ce, Yb) co-doped oxygen-rich silicon oxides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Heng, C. L.; Wang, T.; Su, W. Y.; Wu, H. C.; Yin, P. G.; Finstad, T. G.

    2016-01-01

    We have studied down-conversion photoluminescence (PL) from (Ce, Yb) co-doped “oxygen rich” silicon oxide films prepared by sputtering and annealing. The Ce"3"+ ∼510 nm PL is sensitive to the Ce concentration of the films and is much stronger for 3 at. % Ce than for 2 at. % Ce after annealing at 1200 °C. The PL emission and excitation spectroscopy results indicate that the excitation of Yb"3"+ is mainly through an energy transfer from Ce"3"+ to Yb"3"+, oxide defects also play a role in the excitation of Yb"3"+ after lower temperature (∼800 °C) annealing. The Ce"3"+ 510 nm photon excites mostly only one Yb"3"+ 980 nm photon. Temperature-dependent PL measurements suggest that the energy transfer from Ce"3"+ to Yb"3"+ is partly thermally activated.

  12. Density-functional study on the robust ferromagnetism in rare-earth element Yb-doped SnO{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, Kai-Cheng, E-mail: kczhang@yeah.net [College of Mathematics and Physics, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013 (China); Li, Yong-Feng [Key Laboratory of Integrated Exploitation of Bayan Obo Multi-Metal ResourcesInner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010 (China); School of Mathematics, Physics and Biological Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010 (China); Liu, Yong [State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and College of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004 (China); Chi, Feng [College of Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013 (China)

    2014-06-01

    So far, little has been known about the ferromagnetism induced by p–f hybridization. We investigate the magnetic properties of Yb-doped SnO{sub 2} by first-principles calculations. We find that the doped system favors the ferromagnetic state and a room-temperature ferromagnetism can be expected in it. The origin of ferromagnetism can be attributed to the p–f hybridization between Yb impurity and its surrounding oxygen atoms. The formation energy of defect complex is calculated and the magnetic mediation of intrinsic vacancies is studied. Our results reveal that the formation energy of the defect complex with Sn vacancy is about 7.3 eV lower in energy than that with oxygen vacancy. This means Sn vacancy is much easier to form than oxygen vacancy in the presence of Yb substitution. The ferromagnetism of the doped system is greatly enhanced in the presence of Sn vacancies. - Highlights: • Room-temperature ferromagnetism can be expected in Yb-doped SnO{sub 2}. • The origin of ferromagnetism can be attributed to the p–f hybridization between Yb and O atoms. • Oxygen vacancies are much hard to form and contribute little to the ferromagnetism. • Sn vacancies are easy to form under oxygen-rich condition and stabilize the ferromagnetism effectively.

  13. Crystal growth, optical properties, and laser operation of Yb3+-doped NYW single crystal

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cheng, Y.; Xu, X. D.; Yang, X. B.; Xin, Z.; Cao, D. H.; Xu, J.

    2009-11-01

    Laser crystal Yb3+-doped NaY(WO4)2 (Yb:NYW) with excellent quality has been grown by Czochralski technique. The rocking curves from (400) plane of as-grown Yb:NYW crystal was measured and the full-width value at half-maximum was 19.92″. The effective segregation coefficients were measured by the X-ray fluorescence method. The polarized absorption spectra and the fluorescence spectra of Yb:NYW crystal were measured at room temperature. The fluorescence decay lifetime of Yb3+ ion in NYW crystal has been investigated. The spectroscopic parameters of Yb:NYW crystal are calculated and compared with those of Yb:YAG crystal. A continuous wave output power of 3.06 W at 1031 nm was obtained with a slope efficiency of 42% by use of diode pumping.

  14. Upconversion dynamics in Yb3+-Ho3+-doped fluoroindate glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Martin, I.R.; Rodriguez, V.D.; Lavin, V.; Rodriguez-Mendoza, U.R.

    1998-01-01

    The mechanisms and dynamics of the upconversion emissions in Yb 3+ -Ho 3+ -doped fluoroindate glasses by exciting at 975 nm have been analysed. The upconversion efficiencies have been measured as a function of temperature in the range from 12 to 295 K. The temporal evolution of the 545- and 650-nm upconversion emissions obtained under flash excitation at 975 nm in codoped samples with 2.25 mol.% of Yb 3+ and 0.75 mol.% of Ho 3+ cannot be described using the energy migration model. This indicates that at this concentration of Yb 3+ the rapid migration regimen between these ions has not been reached. A model is proposed in order to explain the temporal evolution of these emissions taking into account energy migration between donors and backtransfer processes. (orig.)

  15. A stabilized optical frequency comb based on an Er-doped fiber femtosecond laser

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xia, Chuanqing; Wu, Tengfei; Zhao, Chunbo; Xing, Shuai

    2018-03-01

    An optical frequency comb based on a 250 MHz home-made Er-doped fiber femtosecond laser is presented in this paper. The Er-doped fiber laser has a ring cavity and operates mode-locked in femtosecond regime with the technique of nonlinear polarization rotation. The pulse duration is 118 fs and the spectral width is 30 nm. A part of the femtosecond laser is amplified in Er-doped fiber amplifier before propagating through a piece of highly nonlinear fiber for expanding the spectrum. The carrier-envelope offset frequency of the comb which has a signal-to-noise ratio more than 35 dB is extracted by means of f-2f beating. It demonstrates that both carrier-envelope offset frequency and repetition frequency keep phase locked to a Rubidium atomic clock simultaneously for 2 hours. The frequency stabilized fiber combs will be increasingly applied in optical metrology, attosecond pulse generation, and absolute distance measurement.

  16. Highly-stable monolithic femtosecond Yb-fiber laser system based on photonic crystal fibers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2010-01-01

    in the oscillator cavity for dispersion balancing and nonlinear optical limiting, and another one is used for low nonlinearity final pulse recompression. The chirped-pulse amplification and recompression of the 232-fs, 45-pJ/pulse oscillator output yields a final direct fiber-end delivery of 7.3-nJ energy pulses......A self-starting, passively stabilized, monolithic all polarizationmaintaining femtosecond Yb-fiber master oscillator / power amplifier with very high operational and environmental stability is demonstrated. The system is based on the use of two different photonic crystal fibers. One is used...... of around 297 fs duration. Our laser shows exceptional stability. No Q-switched modelocking events were detected during 4-days long observation. An average fluctuation of only 7.85 · 10−4 over the mean output power was determined as a result of more than 6-hours long measurement. The laser is stable towards...

  17. Co-operative energy transfer in Yb3+-Er3+ co-doped SrGdxOy upconverting phosphor

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kumar, Ashwini; Pathak, Trilok K.; Dhoble, S. J.; . Terblans, J. J.; Swart, H. C.

    2018-04-01

    Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have shown considerable interest in many fields; however, low upconversion efficiency of UCNPs is still the most severe limitation of their applications. Yb3+ and Er3+ co-doped SrGd4O7/Gd2O3(SGO) upconversion (UC) phosphors were synthesized by a modified co-precipitation process. The UC properties were investigated by direct excitation with a 980 nm laser. It was observed that the as prepared materials showed relatively strong green emission, while upon the incorporation of the Er3+ ion, there was an increase in the upconversion luminescence intensity for the red component. The effect of different doping concentration of Er3+on the emission spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns of the UC materials have also been studied. The luminescence lifetimes and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates for these as prepared samples were determined to understand the energy transfer (ET) mechanisms occurring between Yb3+ and Er3+ in the SGO host matrix. The UC luminescence intensity as a function of laser pump power was monitored and it was confirmed that the UC process in SGO:Yb3+/Er3+is a two-photon absorption process. The findings reported here are expected to provide a better approach for understanding of the ET mechanisms in the oxide based Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped UC phosphors. This study might be helpful in precisely defined applications where optical transitions are essential criterion and this can be easily achieved by smart tuning of the emission properties of Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped UC phosphors.

  18. Low-Noise Operation of All-Fiber Femtosecond Cherenkov Laser

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Villanueva Ibáñez, Guillermo Eduardo; Lægsgaard, Jesper

    2013-01-01

    We investigate the noise properties of a femtosecond all-fiber Cherenkov radiation source with emission wavelength around 600 nm, based on an Yb-fiber laser and a highly-nonlinear photonic crystal fiber. A relative intensity noise as low as - 103 dBc/Hz, corresponding to 2.48 % pulse-to-pulse...... fluctuation in energy, was observed at the Cherenkov radiation output power of 4.3 mW, or 150 pJ pulse energy. This pulse-to-pulse fluctuation is at least 10.6 dB lower compared to spectrally-sliced supercontinuum sources traditionally used for ultrafast fiberbased generation at visible wavelengths. Low noise...... makes allfiber Cherenkov sources promising for biophotonics applications such as multi-photon microscopy, where minimum pulse-to-pulse energy fluctuation is required. We present the dependency of the noise figure on both the Cherenkov radiation output power and its spectrum....

  19. Single-mode amplification in Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fibers for high brilliance lasers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Poli, F.; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Passaro, D.

    2009-01-01

    This paper presents the effect of a low refractive index ring in the Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fibre core on the guided mode propagation and analyzed through a spatial and spectral amplifier model. The ring provides a higher differential overlap between the fundamental mode (FM...... to identify a proper ring characteristic that is width, position and refractive index. Then rod-type PCF designs have been optimized with a full-vector modal solver based on the finite-element method. Then, the amplification properties of the Yb-doped rod-type PCFs have been investigated by assuming a forward...

  20. Modeling of Yb3+-sensitized Er3+-doped silica waveguide amplifiers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lester, Christian; Bjarklev, Anders Overgaard; Rasmussen, Thomas

    1995-01-01

    A model for Yb3+-sensitized Er3+-doped silica waveguide amplifiers is described and numerically investigated in the small-signal regime. The amplified spontaneous emission in the ytterbium-band and the quenching process between excited erbium ions are included in the model. For pump wavelengths...

  1. Evolution of magnetic properties and exchange interactions in Ru doped YbCrO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dalal, Biswajit; Sarkar, Babusona; De, S K; Dev Ashok, Vishal

    2016-01-01

    Magnetic properties of YbCr 1−x Ru x O 3 as a function of temperature and magnetic field have been investigated to explore the intriguing magnetic phenomena in rare-earth orthochromites. A quantitative analysis of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the mixed valence state (Yb 3+  and Yb 2+ ) of Yb ions for the highest doped sample. Field-cooled magnetization reveals a broad peak around 75 K and then becomes zero at about 20–24 K, due to the antiparallel coupling between Cr 3+ and Yb 3+ moments. An increase of the Ru 4+ ion concentration leads to a slight increase of compensation temperature T comp from 20 to 24 K, but the Néel temperature remains constant. A larger value of the magnetic moment of Yb ions gives rise to negative magnetization at low temperature. An external magnetic field significantly modifies the temperature dependent magnetization. Simulation of temperature dependent magnetization data, below T N , based on the three (two) magnetic sub-lattice model predicts stronger intra-sublattice exchange interaction than that of inter-sublattice. Thermal hysteresis and Arrot plots suggest first order magnetic phase transition. Random substitution of Ru 4+ ion reduces the magnetic relaxation time. Weak ferromagnetic component in canted antiferromagnetic system and negative internal magnetic field cause zero-field-cooled exchange bias effect. Large magnetocrystalline anisotropy associated with Ru creates high coercivity in the Ru doped sample. A maximum value of magnetocaloric effect is found around the antiferromagnetic ordering of Yb 3+ ions. Antiferromagnetic transition at about 120 K and temperature induced magnetization reversal lead to normal and inverse magnetocaloric effects in the same material. (paper)

  2. High-power Yb-doped continuous-wave and pulsed fibre lasers

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    2014-01-05

    Jan 5, 2014 ... In this article, a review of Yb-doped CW and pulsed fibre lasers along with our study on self-pulsing dynamics in CW fibre lasers to find its role in high-power fibre laser development and the physical ... Solid State Laser Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India ...

  3. Luminescence properties of Y2O3:Bi3+, Yb3+ co-doped phosphor for application in solar cells

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, E.; Kroon, R. E.; Terblans, J. J.; Swart, H. C.

    2018-04-01

    Bismuth (Bi3+) and ytterbium (Yb3+) co-doped yttrium oxide (Y2O3) phosphor powder was successfully synthesised using the co-precipitation technique. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed that a single phase cubic structure with a Ia-3 space group was formed. The visible emission confirmed the two symmetry sites, C2 and S6, found in the Y2O3 host material and revealed that Bi3+ ions preferred the S6 site as seen the stronger emission intensity. The near-infrared (NIR) emission of Yb3+ increased significantly by the presence of the Bi3+ ions when compared to the singly doped Y2O3:Yb3+ phosphor with the same Yb3+ concentration. An increase in the NIR emission intensity was also observed by simply increasing the Yb3+ concentration in the Y2O3:Bi3+, Yb3+ phosphor material where the intensity increased up to x = 5.0 mol% of Yb3+ before decreasing due to concentration quenching.

  4. Near-infrared quantum cutting in Yb3+ ion doped strontium vanadate

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sawala, N. S.; Bajaj, N. S.; Omanwar, S. K.

    2016-05-01

    The materials Sr3-x(VO4)2:xYb were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method varying the concentration of Yb3+ ions from 0 to 0.06 mol. It was characterize by powder X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and surface morphology was studied by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The photoluminescence (PL) properties were studied by spectrophotometers in near infra red (NIR) and ultra violet visible (UV-VIS) region. The Yb3+ ion doped tristrontium vanadate (Sr3(VO4)2) phosphors that can convert a photon of UV region (349 nm) into photons of NIR region (978, 996 and 1026 nm). Hence this phosphor could be used as a quantum cutting (QC) luminescent convertor in front of crystalline silicon solar cell (c-Si) panels to reduce thermalization loss due to spectral mismatch of the solar cells. The theoretical value of quantum efficiency (QE) was calculated from steady time decay measurement and the maximum efficiency approached up to 144.43%. The Sr(3-x) (VO4)2:xYb can be potentiality used for betterment of photovoltaic (PV) technology.

  5. Up-conversion mechanisms in Er{sup 3+} doped YbAG crystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kaczkan, Marcin; Borowska, Maja [Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics PW, Warsaw (Poland); Malinowski, Michal [Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics PW, Warsaw (Poland); Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw (Poland); Lukasiewicz, Tadeusz; Kolodziejak, Katarzyna [Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw (Poland)

    2009-07-15

    Up-conversion phenomena leading to the red, green and violet emissions in erbium doped ytterbium-aluminum garnet (YbAG) are investigated. Absorption and emission spectra and luminescence dynamics from various excited states of YbAG:Er{sup 3+} were registered. The low temperature absorption spectra were used to determine Stark levels energies of Er{sup 3+} ion in the investigated host. Emissions from the high lying excited states {sup 2}G{sub 9/2}, {sup 4}S{sub 3/2} and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} of Er{sup 3+} were characterized under pulsed multi-photon IR excitation in the region of wavelength corresponding to the strong {sup 2}F{sub 7/2} {yields} {sup 2}F{sub 5/2} absorption transition of Yb{sup 3+} ions. Using the rate equations formalism the dynamics of the observed emissions were modeled. From the comparison of the measured and calculated decays the energy transfer rates between Yb{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+} ions were evaluated. (copyright 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  6. CW and femtosecond operation of a diode-pumped Yb:BaY(2)F(8) laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Galzerano, G; Coluccelli, N; Gatti, D; Di Lieto, A; Tonelli, M; Laporta, P

    2010-03-15

    We report for the first time on laser action of a diode-pumped Yb:BaY(2)F(8) crystal. Both CW and femtosecond operations have been demonstrated at room-temperature conditions. A maximum output power of 0.56 W, a slope efficiency of 34%, and a tunability range from 1013 to 1067 nm have been obtained in CW regime. Transform-limited pulse trains with a minimum duration of 275 fs, an average power of 40 mW, and a repetition rate of 83 MHz have been achieved in a passive mode-locked regime using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror.

  7. Electrical and microstructural properties of Yb-doped CeO2

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    B. Matović

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Nanopowdered Ce1−xYbxO2−δ solid solutions (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2 were synthesized by a self-propagating room temperature synthesis. XRD and SEM were used to study the properties of these materials as well as the Yb solubility in CeO2 lattice. Results showed that all the obtained powders were solid solutions with a fluorite-type crystal structure and with nanometric particle size. The average size of Ce1−xYbxO2−δ particles was approximately 3 nm. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the sintered pellets depicted that it was possible to separate Rbulk and Rgb in the temperature interval of 550–800 °C. The activation energy for the bulk conduction was 1.03 eV and for grain boundary conduction was 1.14 eV. Grain boundary resistivity dominates over the other resistivities. These measurements confirmed that Yb3+-doped CeO2 material had a potential as electrolyte for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell applications.

  8. Effect of Structural Stress on the Laser Quality of Highly Doped Yb:KY(WO4)2/KY(WO4)2 and Yb:KLu(WO4)2/KLu(WO4)2 Epitaxial Structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carvajal, J.; Raghothamachar, B.; Silvestre, O.; Chen, H.; Pujol, M.; Petrov, V.; Dudley, M.; Aguilo, M.; Diaz, F.

    2009-01-01

    In this communication we demonstrate how the difference in laser performance of two highly doped (20 at %) epitaxial layers of Yb-doped KY(WO4)2 (KYW) grown on a KYW substrate and Yb-doped KLu(WO4)2 (KLuW) grown on a KLuW substrate, respectively, is related to the presence of structural stress in the epilayers, investigated by synchrotron white beam X-ray topography. From the results obtained, it is clear that the samples that show a larger amount of structural stress, Yb:KYW/KYW epitaxies, lead to lower efficiency in laser operation, giving a direct correlation between the existence and magnitude of such structural stress and the loss in efficiency of laser performance in such epitaxial layers which, from a spectroscopical point of view, are otherwise equivalent.

  9. White phosphor using Yb3+-sensitized Er3+-and Tm3+-doped sol-gel derived lead-fluorosilicate transparent glass ceramic excited at 980 nm

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tavares, M. C. P.; da Costa, E. B.; Bueno, L. A.; Gouveia-Neto, A. S.

    2018-01-01

    Generation of primary colors and white light through frequency upconversion using sol-gel derived 80SiO2:20PbF2 vitroceramic phosphors doped with Er3+, Er3+/Yb3+, Tm3+/Yb3+, and Er3+/Tm3+/Yb3+ excited at 980 nm is demonstrated. For Er3+ and Er3+/Yb3+ doped samples emissions were obtained in the blue (410 nm), green (530, and 550 nm) and red (670 nm) regions, corresponding to the 2H9/2 → 4I15/2,2H11/2 → 4I15/2, 4S3/2 → 4I152 and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transitions of Er3+, respectively. The codoping with Yb3+ ions altered the spectral profile of most of the emissions compared to the single doped samples, resulting in changes in the emitted color, in addition to a significant increase in the emission intensity. In Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped samples visible emissions in the blue (480 nm), and red (650 nm), corresponding to transitions 1G4 → 3H6 and 1G4 → 3F4 of Tm3+, respectively, were obtained. The emission intensity around 480 nm overcome the red emission, and luminescence showed a predominantly blue tone. White light with CIE-1931 coordinates (0.36; 0.34) was produced by homogeneously mixing up powders of heat treated at 400 °C co-doped samples 5.0Er3+/5.0Yb3+ and 0.5Tm3+/2.5Yb3+ in the mass ratio of 13%, and 87%, respectively. The measured emission spectrum for a sample resulting from the mixture showed a profile with very good agreement with the spectrum found from the superimposition of the spectra of the co-doped samples.

  10. Controllable synthesis and crystal structure determined upconversion luminescence properties of Tm{sup 3+} (Er{sup 3+}) ions doped YbF{sub 3} and NaYbF{sub 4} crystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jiang, Tao [Institute of Photonics, Faculty of Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211 (China); Qin, Weiping, E-mail: wpqin@jlu.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012 (China); Zhou, Jun [Institute of Photonics, Faculty of Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211 (China)

    2014-04-01

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • The synthesis of YbF{sub 3} and NaYbF{sub 4} crystals was successfully fulfilled by hydrothermal method. • The phase and morphology of products were adjusted by changing the hydrothermal conditions. • Relatively enhanced ultraviolet upconversion emissions were observed in YbF{sub 3} nanocrystals. • The crystalline phase impact on the upconversion luminescence was systematically studied. - Abstract: The synthesis of YbF{sub 3} and NaYbF{sub 4} crystals was successfully fulfilled by a facial hydrothermal method. The phase and morphology of the products were adjusted by changing the surfactant additive and fluorine source and tuning the pH value of the initial solution. The products with various morphologies range from octahedral nanoparticles, corn-like nanobundles, nanospheres, microrods, and hollow microprisms were prepared at different conditions. The growth mechanism of these products has been systematically studied. Impressively, relatively enhanced high order ultraviolet (UV) upconversion (UC) luminescence was observed in Tm{sup 3+} (Er{sup 3+}) ions doped YbF{sub 3} nanocrystals (NCs) compared with NaYbF{sub 4} microcrystals under the excitation of 980 nm infrared laser. The investigation results reveal that the crystal symmetry of matrix has significant effect on the spectra and lifetimes of the doping lanthanide ions. The simply synthesized water soluble YbF{sub 3} NCs with efficient UV UC luminescence may find potential application in biochemistry.

  11. Enhancing photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cell by rare-earth doped oxide of Lu2O3:(Tm3+, Yb3+)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li Qingbei; Lin Jianming; Wu Jihuai; Lan Zhang; Wang Yue; Peng Fuguo; Huang Miaoliang

    2011-01-01

    Highlights: → Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ codoped oxide is introduced into the TiO 2 film in dye-sensitized solar cell. → The RE improves light harvest via conversion luminescence and increases photocurrent. → The RE elevates the oxide film energy level and increases the cell photovoltage. → The cell efficiency is increased by 11.1% compared to the cell lacking of RE doping. - Abstract: In order to increase of the photocurrent, photovoltage and energy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), rare-earth doped oxide of Lu 2 O 3 :(Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ ) is prepared and introduced into the TiO 2 film in the DSSC. As a luminescence medium, Lu 2 O 3 :(Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ ) improves incident light harvest via a conversion luminescence process and increases photocurrent; as a p-type dopant, the rare-earth ions elevate the energy level of the oxide film and increase the photovoltage. Under a simulated solar light irradiation of 100 mW cm -2 , the light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of the DSSC with Lu 2 O 3 :(Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ ) doping reaches 6.63%, which is increased by 11.1% compared to the DSSC without Lu 2 O 3 :(Tm 3+ , Yb 3+ ) doping.

  12. Theoretical modelling of dual-wavelength pumped Yb3+–Tm3+ co-doped silica fibre laser

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fu, Yuqing; Chen, Jianguo

    2010-01-01

    Numerical simulations have, for the first time to our knowledge, been carried out to characterize the Yb 3+ –Tm 3+ co-doped silica fibre laser (YTFL), defined by a fibre grating and an end mirror, by using the rate equations, which take into consideration both the energy transfer processes from Yb 3+ to Tm 3+ ions and the cross-relaxation processes among different Tm 3+ ions. A dual-wavelength pumping scheme with one at 805 nm and the other at 975 nm is used to pump the YTFL. We have investigated the wavelength-dependent output power of the YTFL, from 1750 to 2200 nm, which takes its maximum output power at ∼ 1800 nm. The effect of the cross-relaxation processes in the Tm 3+ -doped silica fibre laser has been studied. The results indicate that these processes are beneficial to the laser and should be considered in the theoretical modelling. The influence of the Yb 3+ concentration on the characteristics of the YTFL has also been analysed and the results show that Yb 3+ dopants can improve the output power and slope efficiency of the laser

  13. Enhanced frequency upconversion study in Er3+/Yb3+ doped/codoped TWTi glasses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azam, Mohd; Rai, Vineet Kumar

    2018-04-01

    Er3+/Yb3+ doped/codoped TeO2-WO3-TiO2 (TWTi) glasses have been prepared by using the melt-quenching technique. The upconversion (UC) emission spectra of the developed glasses have been recorded upon 980 nm laser excitation. Three intense UC emission bands have been observed within the green and red region centered at ˜532 nm, ˜553 nm and ˜669 nm corresponding to the 2H11/2→4I15/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2 and 4F9/2→4I15/2 transitions respectively in the singly Er3+ doped glass. On introducing Yb3+ ions in the singly Er3+ doped glass, an enhancement of about ˜ 12 times and ˜50 times in the green and red bands respectively have been observed even at low pump power ˜ 364 mW followed by two photon absorption process. Colour tunability from yellowish green to pure green colour region has been observed on varying the pump power. The prepared glass can be used to produce NIR to green upconverter and colour tunable display devices.

  14. Investigation of upconversion luminescence in antimony–germanate double-clad two cores optical fiber co-doped with Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} ions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zmojda, J.; Kochanowicz, M.; Miluski, P.; Dorosz, J. [Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 Street, 15-351 Bialystok (Poland); Pisarska, J.; Pisarski, W.A. [Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice (Poland); Dorosz, D., E-mail: d.dorosz@pb.edu.pl [Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 Street, 15-351 Bialystok (Poland)

    2016-02-15

    In the paper double-clad optical fiber with two off-set cores co-doped with 1Yb{sub 2}O{sub 3}–0.1Tm{sub 2}O{sub 3} and 1Yb{sub 2}O{sub 3}–0.5Ho{sub 2}O{sub 3} has been investigated. Antimony–germanate glass was melted as a matrix for active cores. The concentration of lanthanides and their ratio have been optimized to achieve maximum upconversion emission intensity at 478 nm ({sup 1}G{sub 4}→{sup 3}H{sub 6}) and 650 nm ({sup 1}G{sub 4}→{sup 3}F{sub 4}) in glasses doped with Tm{sup 3+} ions and 545 nm and 655 nm, corresponding to the {sup 5}F{sub 5}→{sup 5}I{sub 8} and {sup 5}F{sub 4}→{sup 5}I{sub 8} transitions in holmium ions. The energy transfer efficiency in glasses used as optical fiber cores was η{sub Tm}=56% (0.1 mol% Tm{sub 2}O{sub 3}) and η{sub Ho}=85% (0.5 mol% Ho{sub 2}O{sub 3}), respectively. As a result of excitation of the fabricated optical fiber (λ{sub exc}=976 nm), a UC luminescence spectra was obtained. Superposition of three emission bands at the wavelengths of 481 nm (Tm{sup 3+}: blue), 545 nm (Ho{sup 3+}:green) and 665 nm (Tm{sup 3+}, Ho{sup 3+}: red) from two separated cores was measured. Influence of fiber length and excitation power on the color coordinates (CIE-1931) have been also investigated. - Highlights: • Antimony-germanate glasses co-doped with Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} were presented. • UC luminescence in double-clad, two off-set core co-doped with Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} optical fiber was presented. • The chromatic coordinates shift in the blue region at CIE scheme as a function of pump power and length of optical fiber was observed.

  15. Synthesis and characterization of (Ba,Yb doped ceria nanopowders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Branko Matović

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Nanometric size (Ba, Yb doped ceria powders with fluorite-type structure were obtained by applying selfpropagating room temperature methods. Tailored composition was: Ce0.95−xBa0.05YbxO2−δ with fixed amount of Ba − 0.05 and varying Yb content “x” from 0.05 to 0.2. Powder properties such as crystallite and particle size and lattice parameters have been studied. Röntgen diffraction analyses (XRD were used to characterize the samples at room temperature. Also, high temperature treatment (up to 1550°C was used to follow stability of solid solutions. The mean diameters of the nanocrystals are determined from the full width at half maxima (FWHM of the XRD peaks. It was found that average diameter of crystallites is less than 3 nm. WilliamsonHall plots were used to separate the effect of the size and strain in the nanocrystals.

  16. Upconversion improvement in KLaF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} nanoparticles by doping Al{sup 3+} ions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhou, Haifang [Fuzhou University, School of Physics and Information Engineering, and Institute of Micro-Nano Devices and Solar Cells, Fuzhou (China); Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Changzhou, Jiangsu (China); Wang, Xiechun; Lai, Yunfeng; Cheng, Shuying; Zheng, Qiao; Yu, Jinlin [Fuzhou University, School of Physics and Information Engineering, and Institute of Micro-Nano Devices and Solar Cells, Fuzhou (China)

    2017-10-15

    Rare-earth ion-doped upconversion (UC) materials show great potential applications in optical and optoelectronic devices due to their novel optical properties. In this work, hexagonal KLaF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and remarkably enhanced upconversion luminescence in green and red emission bands in KLaF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} NPs has been achieved by doping Al{sup 3+} ions under 980 nm excitation. Compared to the aluminum-free KLaF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} NPs sample, the UC fluorescence intensities of the green and red emissions of NPs doped with 10 at.% Al{sup 3+} ions were significantly enhanced by 5.9 and 7.3 times, respectively. Longer lifetimes of the doped samples were observed for the {sup 4}S{sub 3/2} state and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} state. The underlying reason for the UC enhancement by doping Al{sup 3+} ions was mainly ascribed to distortion of the local symmetry around Er{sup 3+} ions and adsorption reduction of organic ligands on the surface of NPs. In addition, the influence of doping Al{sup 3+} ions on the structure and morphology of the NPs samples was also discussed. (orig.)

  17. Tubular depressed cladding waveguide laser realized in Yb: YAG by direct inscription of femtosecond laser

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tang, Wenlong; Zhang, Wenfu; Liu, Xin; Liu, Shuang; Cheng, Guanghua; Stoian, Razvan

    2015-01-01

    We report on the fabrication of tubular depressed cladding waveguides in single crystalline Yb:YAG by the direct femtosecond laser writing technique. Full control over the confined light spatial distribution is demonstrated by the photoinscription of high index contrast waveguides with tubular configuration. Under optical pumping, highly efficient laser oscillation in depressed cladding waveguide at 1030 nm is demonstrated. The maximum output power obtained is 68 mW with a slope efficiency of 35% for an outcoupling transmission of 50%. A slope efficiency as high as 44% is realized when the coupling output ratio is 91% and a low lasing threshold of 70 mW is achieved with the output coupling mirror of 10%. (paper)

  18. Fluorescence properties of Yb3+-Er3+ co-doped phosphate glasses containing silver nanoparticles

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez Gámez, Ma A.; Vallejo H, Miguel A.; Kiryanov, A. V.; Licea-Jiménez, L.; Lucio M, J. L.; Pérez-García, S. A.

    2018-04-01

    Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glasses containing silver nitrate (SN), were fabricated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were used to evidence the nucleation and presence of silver nanoparticles (SNP). The basic parameters of the glasses were inspected by means of absorption and fluorescence spectra, and fluorescence lifetimes under excitation at 916 nm (in-band of Yb3+), and at 406 nm (in-band of surface plasmon resonance given by the presence of SNP). The spectra as well as estimates for the basic parameters defining the lasing/amplifying potential of the glasses were studied as a function of SN concentration. The experimental results indicate that by increasing the SN content an enhancement of Er3+/Yb3+ fluorescence takes place.

  19. Phosphate-core silica-clad Er/Yb-doped optical fiber and cladding pumped laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egorova, O N; Semjonov, S L; Velmiskin, V V; Yatsenko, Yu P; Sverchkov, S E; Galagan, B I; Denker, B I; Dianov, E M

    2014-04-07

    We present a composite optical fiber with a Er/Yb co-doped phosphate-glass core in a silica glass cladding as well as cladding pumped laser. The fabrication process, optical properties, and lasing parameters are described. The slope efficiency under 980 nm cladding pumping reached 39% with respect to the absorbed pump power and 28% with respect to the coupled pump power. Due to high doping level of the phosphate core optimal length was several times shorter than that of silica core fibers.

  20. Microwave hydrothermal synthesis and upconversion properties of Yb3+/Er3+ doped YVO4 nanoparticles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kshetri, Yuwaraj K; Regmi, Chhabilal; Kim, Hak-Soo; Lee, Soo Wohn; Kim, Tae-Ho

    2018-05-18

    Yb 3+ and Er 3+ doped YVO 4 (Yb 3+ /Er 3+ :YVO 4 ) nanoparticles with highly efficient near-infrared to visible upconversion properties have been synthesized by microwave hydrothermal process. Uniform-sized Yb 3+ /Er 3+ :YVO 4 nanoparticles were synthesized within 1 h at 140 °C which is relatively faster than the conventional hydrothermal process. Under 980 nm laser excitation, strong green and less strong red emissions are observed which are attributed to 2 H 11/2 , 4 S 3/2 to 4 I 15/2 and 4 F 9/2 to 4 I 15/2 transitions of Er 3+ respectively. The emission intensity is found to depend strongly on the concentration of Yb 3+ . The quadratic dependence of upconversion intensity on the excitation power indicates that the upconversion process is governed by two-photon absorption process.

  1. Microwave hydrothermal synthesis and upconversion properties of Yb3+/Er3+ doped YVO4 nanoparticles

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kshetri, Yuwaraj K.; Regmi, Chhabilal; Kim, Hak-Soo; Wohn Lee, Soo; Kim, Tae-Ho

    2018-05-01

    Yb3+ and Er3+ doped YVO4 (Yb3+/Er3+:YVO4) nanoparticles with highly efficient near-infrared to visible upconversion properties have been synthesized by microwave hydrothermal process. Uniform-sized Yb3+/Er3+:YVO4 nanoparticles were synthesized within 1 h at 140 °C which is relatively faster than the conventional hydrothermal process. Under 980 nm laser excitation, strong green and less strong red emissions are observed which are attributed to 2H11/2, 4S3/2 to 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 to 4I15/2 transitions of Er3+ respectively. The emission intensity is found to depend strongly on the concentration of Yb3+. The quadratic dependence of upconversion intensity on the excitation power indicates that the upconversion process is governed by two-photon absorption process.

  2. Defects induced in Yb3+/Ce3+ co-doped aluminosilicate fiber glass preforms under UV and γ-ray irradiation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Chiesa, Mario; Mattsson, Kent Erik; Taccheo, Stefano

    2014-01-01

    A set of Ce-/Yb-co-doped silica optical fiber preform cores, differing in terms of dopant concentrations are studied by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy before and after irradiation of the samples with excimer UV laser light and γ-rays. Evidence of Yb3+ clustering in the case...

  3. Ytterbium doped silicon clusters YbSi{sub n} (n = 4–10) and their anions: Structures, thermochemistry, and electron affinities

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Xie, Xiaohong [School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051 (China); Hao, Dongsheng [School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051 (China); School of Mining and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051 (China); Yang, Jucai, E-mail: yangjc@imut.edu.cn [School of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051 (China); School of Energy and Power Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051 (China)

    2015-11-05

    Highlights: • The ground-state structure of YbSi{sub n} and its anion is substitutional structure. • The four DFT AEAs are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. • Theoretical AEA of 2.33 eV of YbSi{sub 9} is more reasonable than the experimental 2.60 eV. • Hardness analysis reveals that doping Yb to Si{sub n} raises photochemical sensitivity. • Relative stabilities of YbSi{sub n} and their anions are examined. - Abstract: The structures, electron affinities, dissociation energies, hardness, and dipole moments of YbSi{sub n} (n = 4–10) and their anions were examined using B3LYP, TPSSh, PBE and wB97X methods. The lowest-energy structures can be regarded as replacing a Si of the ground-state structure of Si{sub n+1} with a Yb atom. The theoretical adiabatic electron affinities (AEAs) of YbSi{sub n} are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The average absolute errors from experiment are by 0.08, 0.07, 0.05 and 0.08 eV at the B3LYP, the TPSSh, the PBE and the wB97X levels, respectively. Theoretical AEAs of 2.33 ± 0.05 eV for YbSi{sub 9} are more reliable than the experimental value of 2.60 ± 0.05 eV. The hardness analysis reveals that doping Yb atom to Si{sub n} (n = 4–10) clusters raises the photochemical sensitivity. The dissociation energies of Yb atom from YbSi{sub n} and their anions were calculated to examine relative stabilities.

  4. Oxygen plasma effects on zero resistance behavior of Yb,Er-doped YBCO (123) based superconductors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Schaefer, Helmut; Rathmann, Dirk [Department of Physics, Biophysics, and Photosynthesis, Freie Universitaet Berlin (Germany); Banko, Franziska; Steinhart, Martin [Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrueck (Germany); Nordmann, Joerg; Voss, Benjamin [Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrueck (Germany); Walder, Lorenz [Organic Chemistry, Molecular Electrochemistry, Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrueck (Germany)

    2014-08-15

    Rare-earth doped YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7-δ} samples were synthesized starting from the corresponding oxides Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Yb{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Er{sub 2}O{sub 3}, CuO as well as Ba(OH){sub 2} by heating to 950 C under air. The doping concentrations were adjusted to 15 % Yb, 7 % Er and 20 % Yb, 15 % Er, respectively, with respect to the yttrium content. The orthogonal phased (123) YBCO ceramics were exposed to an oxygen plasma for 140 and 380 min. Zero resistance temperature (T{sub c,0}) was determined by measuring the resistivity-temperature dependence using a classical four point measurement approach. Under optimal conditions with respect to the material composition and the oxygen treatment an unusual high zero resistance temperature of 97.5 K (T{sub c,onset} ∼ 101 K) was achieved. This represents an increase of T{sub c,0} by 7.5 K. The oxygen treatment could not be monitored by IR spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. The results showed good reproducibility. (Copyright copyright 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  5. Femtosecond laser-induced reduction in Eu-doped sodium borate glasses

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lim, Ki-Soo [Department of Physics and Basic Science Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763 (Korea, Republic of)]. E-mail: kslim@chungbuk.ac.kr; Lee, Sunkyun [Department of Physics and Basic Science Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763 (Korea, Republic of); Trinh, Minh-Tuan [Department of Physics and Basic Science Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Suk-Ho [Department of Physics and Basic Science Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Myeongkyu [Departent of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seoul 120-749 (Korea, Republic of); Hamilton, Douglas S. [Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 (United States); Gibson, George N. [Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 (United States)

    2007-01-15

    In this work, we report permanent reduction of Eu{sup 3+} to Eu{sup 2+} in sodium borate glasses by irradiation of near-infrared femtosecond laser. Glass composition of sodium borate was 85B{sub 2}O{sub 3}-15Na{sub 2}O. The glasses were doped with 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mol% Eu{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Absorption and fluorescence dynamics were studied to investigate valence state change of europium ions and the energy transfer between Eu{sup 2+} and Eu{sup 3+} ions. As the femtosecond laser intensity or exposure time increases, the emission band at 400 nm becomes stronger. However, the photoreduction efficiency decreases as the dopant concentration increases. We discuss the photoreduction mechanism under multiphoton absorption.

  6. Synthesis of Er and Er : Yb doped sol–gel derived silica glass and ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Unknown

    Materials Science Centre, †Central Research Facility, Optical Fibre Unit, Indian Institute of Technology,. Kharagpur 721 302, India. MS received 1 March 2004; revised 4 July 2004. Abstract. Er3+ and Er3+ : Yb3+ doped optical quality, crack and bubble free glasses for possible use in mak- ing laser material have been ...

  7. Direct comparison of Yb3+-doped LiYF4 and LiLuF4 as laser media at room-temperature

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yin, J G; Hang, Y; He, X M; Zhang, L H; Zhao, C C; Gong, J; Zhang, P X

    2012-01-01

    We present an extensive comparative analysis on the growth, the spectroscopic features, and the laser performances of room temperature Yb(5%):LiYF 4 (YLF) and Yb(5%):LiLuF 4 (LLF) crystals in the same conditions. The gain cross section, fluorescence lifetimes, laser thresholds and laser slope efficiencies are compared for the first time. It appears that Yb 3+ -doped LLF crystal might be more promising for diode-pumped high power laser operation

  8. Spectroscopic investigations of OH- influence on near-infrared fluorescence quenching of Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped sodium-metaphosphate glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Terra, I.A.A.; Camargo, A.S.S. de; Terrile, M.C.; Nunes, L.A.O.

    2008-01-01

    Energy transfer processes were studied in two sets of Yb 3+ and Tm 3+ co-doped sodium-metaphosphate glasses, prepared in air and nitrogen atmospheres. Using Foerster, Dexter, and Miyakawa theoretical models, the energy transfer parameters were calculated. The main ion-ion energy transfer processes analyzed were energy migration among Yb 3+ ions, cross-relaxations between Yb 3+ and Tm 3+ ions, and interactions with OH - radicals. The results indicated that Yb→Tm energy transfer favors 1.8 μm emissions, and there is no evidence of concentration quenching up to 2% Tm 2 O 3 doping. As expected, samples prepared in nitrogen atmosphere present higher fluorescence quantum efficiency than those prepared in air, and this feature is specially noted in the near-infrared region, where the interaction with the OH - radicals is more pronounced

  9. Energy transfer and downconversion near-infrared material of Tb{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} doped Ca{sub 5}(BO{sub 3}){sub 3}F

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hou, Dejian; Li, Jin-Yan [School of Metallurgy and Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi (China); Lin, Huihong, E-mail: linhh@hstc.edu.cn [School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, Guangdong (China); Zhang, Jingxiang [School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, Guangdong (China)

    2016-11-01

    Yb{sup 3+} and Tb{sup 3+} singly doped and Tb{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} co-doped Ca{sub 5}(BO{sub 3}){sub 3}F phosphors were prepared by a solid state reaction method. The luminescence emission and excitation spectra as well as the luminescence decay curves were investigated. The emission bands of Yb{sup 3+} ion are located around 1000 nm, matching well with the optimal response of Si-based solar cells. Tb{sup 3+} can be a sensitizer for Yb{sup 3+} in the host. The energy transfer from Tb{sup 3+} to Yb{sup 3+} was investigated, the energy transfer mechanism was proposed as cooperative energy transfer. Tb{sup 3+} concentration dependent quantum efficiency was calculated and the maximum efficiency approached 115.5%.

  10. Near-infrared optical properties of Yb3+-doped silicate glass waveguides prepared by double-energy proton implantation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shen, Xiao-Liang; Zhu, Qi-Feng; Zheng, Rui-Lin; Lv, Peng; Guo, Hai-Tao; Liu, Chun-Xiao

    2018-03-01

    We report on the preparation and properties of an optical planar waveguide structure operating at 1539 nm in the Yb3+-doped silicate glass. The waveguide was formed by using (470 + 500) keV proton implantation at fluences of (1.0 + 2.0) × 1016 ions/cm2. The waveguiding characteristics including the guided-mode spectrum and the near-field image were investigated by the m-line technique and the finite-difference beam propagation method. The energy distribution for implanted protons and the refractive index profile for the proton-implanted waveguide were simulated by the stopping and range of ions in matter and the reflectivity calculation method. The proton-implanted Yb3+-doped silicate glass waveguide is a candidate for optoelectronic elements in the near-infrared region.

  11. Yb and Er co-doped Y2Ce2O7 nanoparticles: synthesis and ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    much attention due to their potential applications in display .... Figure 1. XRD patterns of Yb3+ and Er3+ co-doped Y2Ce2O7 nanoparticles prepared for 4 h at different sintering .... vels relax to the ground 4I15/2 level (You et al 2012). For.

  12. Emission characteristics of the Yb3+-sensitized Tm3+-doped optical fiber upon pumping with infrared LED

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Htein, Lin; Fan, Weiwei; Han, Won-Taek

    2014-01-01

    Near infrared emissions at 975, 1040 and 1450 nm of the Yb 3+ -sensitized Tm 3+ -doped optical fiber were obtained upon simultaneous excitation of Yb 3+ and Tm 3+ ions using the infrared LED. -- Highlights: • A novel pumping scheme for 1450 nm emission from 3 H 4 → 3 F 4 transition of Tm was demonstrated. • The absorption bands of Yb and Tm located within 690–970 nm were simultaneously excited with the IR LED. • Near infrared emissions at 975, 1040 and 1450 nm were obtained. • The Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ -codoped fiber showed the good spectroscopic quality and the increase of radiative lifetime of 3 H 4 level. • This LED pumping scheme can be useful for low-cost S-band fiber laser/amplifier applications

  13. White upconversion luminescence in Tm3+/Ho3+/Yb3+ triply doped K+-Na+ ion-exchanged aluminum germanate glass channel waveguide

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Xiao; Chen, Baojie; Pun, Edwin Yue Bun; Lin, Hai

    2013-01-01

    Rare-earth ions doped K+-Na+ ion-exchanged aluminum germanate (NMAG) glass channel waveguides have been designed and fabricated. Under 980 nm laser pumping, an intense upconversion white light transmission trace was observed in Tm3+/Ho3+/Yb3+ triply doped NMAG glass channel waveguide and a high-brightness light spot was achieved from the output end of the fiber connected to the waveguide channel. The fluorescent colors were diverse and located within or near the white region in CIE chromaticity diagram under various pumping powers. These admirable results indicate that Tm3+/Ho3+/Yb3+ triply doped NMAG channel waveguide is a promising light source for medical and high-precision processing illumination.

  14. Modifying the size and uniformity of upconversion Yb/Er:NaGdF4 nanocrystals through alkaline-earth doping.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lei, Lei; Chen, Daqin; Huang, Ping; Xu, Ju; Zhang, Rui; Wang, Yuansheng

    2013-11-21

    NaGdF4 is regarded as an ideal upconversion (UC) host material for lanthanide (Ln(3+)) activators because of its unique crystal structure, high Ln(3+) solubility, low phonon energy and high photochemical stability, and Ln(3+)-doped NaGdF4 UC nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely investigated as bio-imaging and magnetic resonance imaging agents recently. To realize their practical applications, controlling the size and uniformity of the monodisperse Ln(3+)-doped NaGdF4 UC NCs is highly desired. Unlike the routine routes by finely adjusting the multiple experimental parameters, herein we provide a facile and straightforward strategy to modify the size and uniformity of NaGdF4 NCs via alkaline-earth doping for the first time. With the increase of alkaline-earth doping content, the size of NaGdF4 NCs increases gradually, while the size-uniformity is still retained. We attribute this "focusing" of size distribution to the diffusion controlled growth of NaGdF4 NCs induced by alkaline-earth doping. Importantly, adopting the Ca(2+)-doped Yb/Er:NaGdF4 NCs as cores, the complete Ca/Yb/Er:NaGdF4@NaYF4 core-shell particles with excellent size-uniformity can be easily achieved. However, when taking the Yb/Er:NaGdF4 NCs without Ca(2+) doping as cores, they could not be perfectly covered by NaYF4 shells, and the obtained products are non-uniform in size. As a result, the UC emission intensity of the complete core-shell NCs increases by about 30 times in comparison with that of the cores, owing to the effective surface passivation of the Ca(2+)-doped cores and therefore protection of Er(3+) in the cores from the non-radiative decay caused by surface defects, whereas the UC intensity of the incomplete core-shell NCs is enhanced by only 3 times.

  15. Upconversion and pump saturation mechanisms in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped Y2Ti2O7 nanocrystals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, Fengxiao; Song, Feng; Zhang, Gong; Han, Yingdong; Li, Qiong; Tian, Jianguo; Ming, Chengguo

    2014-01-01

    The Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 nanocrystals were synthesized by the sol–gel method. X-ray diffraction, transmission electronic microscopy, and photoluminescence spectra were measured to verify the Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 nanocrystalline produced in the sample annealed at 800 °C. The anomalous slopes of the fitted line in the log-log plots for upconversion emissions and the pump-saturation effect of near-infrared emission were observed in the nanocrystalline samples. A theoretical model of practical Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped system based on the rate equations were put forward and explained the experimental phenomena well

  16. Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glass with silver nanoparticles for 1.85 μm band laser material

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huang, Bo; Zhou, Yaxun; Cheng, Pan; Zhou, Zizhong; Li, Jun; Jin, Wei

    2016-10-01

    Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glasses with different silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) concentrations were prepared using the conventional melt-quenching technique and characterized by the UV/Vis/NIR absorption spectra, 1.85 μm band fluorescence emission spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curves and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns to investigate the effects of Ag NPs on the 1.85 μm band spectroscopic properties of Tm3+ ions, thermal stability and structural nature of glass hosts. Under the excitation of 980 nm laser diode (LD), the 1.85 μm band fluorescence emission of Tm3+ ions enhances significantly in the presence of Ag NPs with average diameter of ∼8 nm and local surface Plasmon resonance (LSPR) band of ∼590 nm, which is mainly attributed to the increased local electric field induced by Ag NPs at the proximity of doped rare-earth ions on the basis of energy transfer from Yb3+ to Tm3+ ions. An improvement by about 110% of fluorescence intensity is observed in the Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glass containing 0.5 mol% amount of AgNO3 while the prepared glass samples possess good thermal stability and amorphous structural nature. Meanwhile, the Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωt (t = 2,4,6), spontaneous radiative transition probabilities, fluorescence branching ratios and radiative lifetimes of relevant excited levels of Tm3+ ions were determined based on the Judd-Ofelt theory to reveal the enhanced effects of Ag NPs on the 1.85 μm band spectroscopic properties, and the energy transfer micro-parameters and phonon contribution ratios were calculated based on the non-resonant energy transfer theory to elucidate the energy transfer mechanism between Yb3+ and Tm3+ ions. The present results indicate that the prepared Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glass with an appropriate amount of Ag NPs is a promising lasing media applied for 1.85 μm band solid-state lasers and amplifiers.

  17. Lattice dynamics and substrate-dependent transport properties of (In, Yb)-doped CoSb3 skutterudite thin films

    KAUST Repository

    Sarath Kumar, S. R.; Cha, Dong Kyu; Alshareef, Husam N.

    2011-01-01

    Lattice dynamics, low-temperature electrical transport, and high-temperature thermoelectric properties of (In, Yb)-doped CoSb3thin films on different substrates are reported. Pulsed laser deposition under optimized conditions yielded single

  18. Femtosecond laser inscribed cladding waveguide lasers in Nd:LiYF4 crystals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Shi-Ling; Huang, Ze-Ping; Ye, Yong-Kai; Wang, Hai-Long

    2018-06-01

    Depressed circular cladding, buried waveguides were fabricated in Nd:LiYF4 crystals with an ultrafast Yb-doped fiber master-oscillator power amplifier laser. Waveguides were optimized by varying the laser writing conditions, such as pulse energy, focus depth, femtosecond laser polarization and scanning velocity. Under optical pump at 799 nm, cladding waveguides showed continuous-wave laser oscillation at 1047 nm. Single- and multi-transverse modes waveguide laser were realized by varying the waveguide diameter. The maximum output power in the 40 μm waveguide is ∼195 mW with a slope efficiency of 34.3%. The waveguide lasers with hexagonal and cubic cladding geometry were also realized.

  19. The effect of intentional potassium co-doping on the luminescent properties of Yb3+ and Tm3+ doped α-NaYF4 core and core–shell nanoparticles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Misiak, Małgorzata; Stręk, Wiesław; Arabasz, Sebastian; Bednarkiewicz, Artur

    2016-01-01

    Simple and effective ways to circumvent limited luminescence efficiency of up-converting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are sought. One of the methods relays on distorting the crystallographic structure of host material by co-doping the nanocrystals with optically inactive co-dopants. Here we study the influence of K + doping and surface passivation on the up-converting properties of the α-NaYF 4 nanocrystals co-doped with 20% Yb 3+ and 0.1 or 2% Tm 3+ . The intentionally chosen concentrations of K + ions, which were meant to replaced sodium ions were fixed to 0, 5, 10, 20 to 30%. Potassium ions modified the spectroscopic properties of both core and core–shell NPs, but the differences were noticed between samples doped with 0.1% Tm 3+ and 2% Tm 3+ ions. Replacement of sodium by potassium ions decreased up-conversion luminescence intensity as well as shortened thulium excited states lifetimes in the samples doped with 0.1% Tm 3+ , while the opposite behavior was found in the samples co-doped with higher 2% thulium concentration. - Highlights: • We studied the influence of K + doping on luminescent properties of α-NaYF 4 :YbTm. • The 0.1 and 2% Tm doped core and core–shell samples were investigated. • K + -doping influence on UC properties was different in low and highly Tm doped NPs. • The explanations of the observed variations were proposed.

  20. NIR to visible upconversion in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped CaYAl3O7 phosphor obtained by solution combustion process

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Singh, Vijay; Rai, Vineet Kumar; Al-Shamery, Katharina; Nordmann, Joerg; Haase, Markus

    2011-01-01

    Using the combustion synthesis, CaYAl 3 O 7 :Er 3+ phosphor powders co-doped with Yb 3+ have been prepared at low temperatures (550 o C) in a few minutes. Formation of the compound was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction. Near-infrared to visible upconversion fluorescence emission in the Er 3+ doped CaYAl 3 O 7 phosphor powder has been observed. The effect of co-doping with triply ionized ytterbium in the CaYAl 3 O 7 :Er 3+ phosphor has been studied and the process involved is discussed. - Highlights: → The green emitting up-conversion CaYAl 3 O 7 :Er 3+ phosphor powders co-doped with Yb 3+ have been prepared by easy combustion method. → The combustion method is a simple, energy saving, fast and economical viable process. → The luminescence intensity in the co-doped phosphor is enhanced by several times compared to that of the singly (Er 3+ ) doped phosphor.

  1. Yb3+ sensitized Tm3+ upconversion in tellurite lead oxide glass.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohanty, Deepak Kumar; Rai, Vineet Kumar; Dwivedi, Y

    2012-04-01

    Triply ionized thulium/thulium--ytterbium doped/codoped TeO2-Pb3O4 (TPO) glasses have been fabricated by classical quenching method. The upconversion emission spectra in the Tm3+/Tm3+-Yb3+ doped/codoped glasses upon excitation with a diode laser lasing at ∼980 nm has been studied. Effect of the addition of the Yb3+ on the upconversion emission intensity in the visible and near infrared regions of the Tm3+ doped in TPO glass has been studied and the processes involved explored. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  2. Investigations on luminescence behavior of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped boro-tellurite glasses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maheshvaran, K.; Arunkumar, S.; Venkata Krishnaiah, K.; Marimuthu, K.

    2015-01-01

    Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped boro-tellurite glasses with the chemical composition 30TeO2+(24 - x)B2O3 + 15SrO + 10BaO + 10Li2O + 10LiF + 1Er2O3 + xYb2O3 (where x = 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 in wt%) have been prepared and their luminescence behavior were studied and reported. Absorption spectral measurements have been used to derive the Judd-Ofelt (JO) intensity parameters from the experimental and calculated oscillator strength values following the JO theory. The various lasing parameters such as stimulated emission cross-section (σEp), experimental and calculated branching ratios (βR) and radiative lifetime (τcal) for the 2H9/2 → 4I15/2, 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 and 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 emission transitions were determined using the JO intensity parameters. The absorption and emission cross-section values for the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 emission band have been calculated using McCumbar theory and the Gain cross-section for the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 emission transition also obtained. The upconversion emission mechanism have been studied through various energy transfer processes and the intensity of the upconversion emission transitions are found to increase with the increase in Yb3+ ion concentration. The luminescence decay curves corresponding to the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition of the Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped boro-tellurite glasses under 980 nm excitation wavelength have also been studied and reported in the present work.

  3. Enhanced infrared-to-visible up-conversion emission and temperature sensitivity in (Er3+,Yb3+, and W6+) tri-doped Bi4Ti3O12 ferroelectric oxide

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bokolia, Renuka; Mondal, Manisha; Rai, V. K.; Sreenivas, K.

    2017-02-01

    Strong up conversion (UC) luminescence at 527, 550, and 662 nm is compared under an excitation of 980 nm in single doped (Er3+), co-doped (Er3+/Yb3+), and (Er3+/Yb3+/W6+) tri-doped bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12). For the co-doped system, the frequency (UC) emission intensity due to Er3+ ions is enhanced significantly in the green bands due to the efficient energy transfer from Yb3+ to Er3+ ions. Further increase in the emission intensity is seen with non-luminescent W6+ ions in the tri-doped system due to the modification in the local crystal field around the Er3+ ions, and is evidenced through a gradual change in the crystal structure of the host lattice with increasing W6+ content. The observed changes in the fluorescence lifetime and the associated energy transfer mechanisms are discussed. A progressive reduction of the lifetime of the 4S3/2 levels of Er3+ ions from 72 to 58.7 μs with the introduction of Yb3+ and W6+ dopant increases the transition probability and enhances the UC emission intensity. The efficiency of the energy transfer process ( η ) in the co-doped and tri-doped systems is found to be 9.4% and 18.6%, respectively, in comparison to the single doped system. Temperature sensing based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FR) technique shows high sensitivity (0.0123 K-1) in the high temperature range (293 to 523 K) for an optimum content of Er3+, Yb3+, and W6+ with x = 0.03, y = 0.18, and z = 0.06 at. % in the tri-doped Bi4-x-yErxYbyTi3-zWzO12 ferroelectric composition, and is found useful for potential applications in optical thermometry.

  4. Two-wavelength, passive self-injection-controlled operation of diode-pumped cw Yb-doped crystal lasers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Louyer, Yann; Wallerand, Jean-Pierre; Himbert, Marc; Deneva, Margarita; Nenchev, Marin

    2003-09-20

    We demonstrate and investigate a peculiar mode of cw Yb3+-doped crystal laser operation when two emissions, at two independently tunable wavelengths, are simultaneously produced. Both emissions are generated from a single pumped volume and take place in either a single beam or spatially separated beams. The laser employs original two-channel cavities that use a passive self-injection-locking (PSIL) control to reduce intracavity loss. The advantages of the application of the PSIL technique and some limitations are shown. The conditions for two-wavelength multimode operation of the cw quasi-three-level diode-pumped Yb3+ lasers and the peculiarity of such an operation are carried out both theoretically and experimentally. The results reported are based on the example of a Yb3+:GGG laser but similar results are also obtained with a Yb3+:YAG laser. The laser operates in the 1023-1033-nm (1030-1040-nm) range with a total output power of 0.4 W. A two-wavelength, single longitudinal mode generation is also obtained.

  5. All-polarization maintaining erbium fiber laser based on carbon nanowalls saturable absorber

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kurata, Shintaro; Izawa, Jun; Kawaguchi, Norihito

    2018-02-01

    We report a soliton mode locked femtosecond oscillation with all-polarization maintaining erbuim doped fiber laser based on Carbon Nanowalls saturable absorber (CNWs SA). To improve the stability and the capability of the oscillator, the all-polarization maintaining(all-PM) fiber is generally used since PM fiber is tolerant of stretches and bends. The saturable absorber is an optical device that placed in a laser cavity to suppress continuous wave operation to promote cooperation between many modes to sustain ultrashort pulse operation. We apply CNWs for the material of SAs in our oscillator. CNWs are one of the nanocarbon materials, which are a high-aspect-ratio structure in the cross-section, where, although their width and height range in a few micrometers, the thickness is as small as ten nanometers or so. A sheet of CNWs is made up of nano-size graphite grain aggregates. Then CNWs structure is expected to have a high absorption to the incident light and large modulation depth due to a small number of carbon layers as well as CNT and Graphene. With this all-PM fiber laser oscillator based on CNWs SA, the soliton mode-locked laser oscillated with 66.3MHz repetition frequency and its spectrum width is 5.6nm in FWHM. Average output power is 8.1mW with 122.5mW laser diode pump power. In addition, the laser amplification system with erbium-doped fiber is constructed and amplifies the femtosecond pulse laser into 268.2mW and 3000mW pumping power.

  6. Spectroscopic investigations of OH{sup -} influence on near-infrared fluorescence quenching of Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} co-doped sodium-metaphosphate glasses

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Terra, I.A.A. [Instituto de Fisica de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400, CEP 13566-590, USP-Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil)], E-mail: idelma@ifsc.usp.br; Camargo, A.S.S. de; Terrile, M.C.; Nunes, L.A.O. [Instituto de Fisica de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400, CEP 13566-590, USP-Sao Carlos, SP (Brazil)

    2008-05-15

    Energy transfer processes were studied in two sets of Yb{sup 3+} and Tm{sup 3+} co-doped sodium-metaphosphate glasses, prepared in air and nitrogen atmospheres. Using Foerster, Dexter, and Miyakawa theoretical models, the energy transfer parameters were calculated. The main ion-ion energy transfer processes analyzed were energy migration among Yb{sup 3+} ions, cross-relaxations between Yb{sup 3+} and Tm{sup 3+} ions, and interactions with OH{sup -} radicals. The results indicated that Yb{yields}Tm energy transfer favors 1.8 {mu}m emissions, and there is no evidence of concentration quenching up to 2% Tm{sub 2}O{sub 3} doping. As expected, samples prepared in nitrogen atmosphere present higher fluorescence quantum efficiency than those prepared in air, and this feature is specially noted in the near-infrared region, where the interaction with the OH{sup -} radicals is more pronounced.

  7. Growth, characterization, and waveguide lasing of Yb3+, Lu3+, Gd3+ co-doped KY(WO4)2 thin layers

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aravazhi, S.; Geskus, D.; Günther, D.; Worhoff, Kerstin; Pollnau, Markus

    2009-01-01

    Monoclinic crystals of KY(WO4)2 (KYW) doped with different rare-earth ions are among the highly promising materials for building compact solid-state lasers. We report the liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) growth of 3-5 µm thick KYW:Gd3+, Lu3+, Yb3+ layers for Yb3+ concentrations of 1.2, 1.7, and 2.4 mol%

  8. 1.8 μm luminescent properties and energy transfer of Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} co-doped α-NaYF{sub 4} single crystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Feng, Zhigang [Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic Materials, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211 (China); Xia, Haiping, E-mail: hpxcm@nbu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic Materials, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211 (China); Wang, Cheng; Zhang, Zhixiong; Jiang, Dongsheng; Zhang, Jian; He, Shinan; Tang, Qingyang; Sheng, Qiguo; Gu, Xuemei; Zhang, Yuepin [Key Laboratory of Photo-electronic Materials, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211 (China); Chen, Baojiu [Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116026 (China); Jiang, Haochuan, E-mail: jianghaochuan@nimte.ac.cn [Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211 (China)

    2016-09-25

    This paper reports on successful preparation of α-NaYF{sub 4} single crystals co-doped with ∼1.9 mol% Tm{sup 3+} and various concentrations (3.85 mol%, 7.69 mol%, 11.54 mol%, 15.38 mol%) of Yb{sup 3+} by using a flux-Bridgman method. The fluorescence decay curve was measured to investigate the luminescent properties of the Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} co-doped α-NaYF{sub 4}, and the energy transfer process from Yb{sup 3+} to Tm{sup 3+}; the J-O intensity parameters of Tm{sup 3+} were further calculated and analyzed according to the absorption spectra. Results show that, an intense 1.8 μm emission was achieved with Yb{sup 3+} as sensitizer for Tm{sup 3+} in the α-NaYF{sub 4} single crystal under the excitation of 980 nm LD (Laser Diode) because of the strong energy transfer from Yb{sup 3+} to Tm{sup 3+}. The maximum emission intensity at 1.8 μm is obtained at about 15.38 mol% doping concentration of Yb{sup 3+} when the concentration of Tm{sup 3+} ions is fixed at ∼1.90 mol% in the current research. Moreover, the calculated maximum value of emission cross section at 1.8 μm is 1.63 × 10{sup −20} cm{sup 2} for 3.85 mol% Yb{sup 3+}/1.9 mol% Tm{sup 3+} sample, and the obtained energy transfer rate (W{sub ET}) and energy transfer efficiency (η) are 1543 s{sup −1} and 83.8%, respectively. Our analysis of the fluorescence dynamics indicates that electric dipole-dipole interaction is dominant for the energy transfer from Yb{sup 3+} ions to Tm{sup 3+} ions by using Inokuti-Hirayama’s model. - Highlights: • The Tm{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped α-NaYF{sub 4} single crystals were grown by Bridgman method. • The 1.8 μm emission intensity is obtained at 15.38 mol% Yb{sup 3+}/1.90 mol% Tm{sup 3+} sample. • The maximum value of emission cross section at 1.8 μm is 1.63 × 10{sup −20} cm{sup 2}. • The energy transfer rate is 1543 s{sup −1} and energy transfer efficiency is 83.8%. • The physical mechanism for energy transfer from Yb{sup 3+} to Tm{sup 3+} ions

  9. Upconversion properties of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped TeO2-TiO2-K2O glasses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Su, Fangning; Deng, Zaide

    2006-01-01

    The Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped TeO2-TiO2-K2O glasses were prepared by conventional melting procedures, and their upconversion spectra were performed. The dependence of luminescence intensity on the ratio of Yb3+/Er3+ was studied, and the relationship between green upconversion luminescence intensity and Er3+ concentration is discussed in detail. The 546 nm green upconversion luminescence intensity is optimised in the studied glasses either when the Yb3+/Er3+ ratio is 25/1 and Er3+ concentration is 0.1 mol%, or when the Yb3+/Er3+ ratio is 10/1 and Er3+ concentration is 0.15 mol%. These glasses could be one of the potential candidates for LD pumping microchip solid-state lasers.

  10. Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells with an Up-Conversion Material of Er3+-Yb3+-Li+ Tri-doped TiO2.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Zhenlong; Qin, Jianqiang; Shi, Wenjia; Liu, Yanyan; Zhang, Yan; Liu, Yuefeng; Gao, Huiping; Mao, Yanli

    2018-05-11

    In this paper, Er 3+ -Yb 3+ -Li + tri-doped TiO 2 (UC-TiO 2 ) was prepared by an addition of Li + to Er 3+ -Yb 3+ co-doped TiO 2 . The UC-TiO 2 presented an enhanced up-conversion emission compared with Er 3+ -Yb 3+ co-doped TiO 2 . The UC-TiO 2 was applied to the perovskite solar cells. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cells without UC-TiO 2 was 14.0%, while the PCE of the solar cells with UC-TiO 2 was increased to 16.5%, which presented an increase of 19%. The results suggested that UC-TiO 2 is an effective up-conversion material. And this study provided a route to expand the spectral absorption of perovskite solar cells from visible light to near-infrared using up-conversion materials.

  11. Polarized spectra calculation and continuous wave laser operation of Yb-doped disordered Ca3La2(BO3)4 crystal

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Yeqing; Chen, Aixi; You, Zhenyu; Tu, Chaoyang

    2015-12-01

    A notable disorder crystal Yb:Ca3La2(BO3)4 crystal with Yb3+ ion doping concentration of 10 at.% was grown by the Czochralski method. The polarized absorption, polarized emission, and polarized gain cross sections were systematically calculated. The laser operations were investigated with Yb:Ca3La2(BO3)4 crystals cut along the a, b, and c crystallographic axes. The highest output power of 3.88 W was obtained by using the b-cut Yb:Ca3La2(BO3)4 crystal, with a slope efficiency of 62%. Additionally, it was confirmed that the output laser spectra were largely dependent on the output coupler.

  12. Polarized spectra calculation and continuous wave laser operation of Yb-doped disordered Ca3La2(BO3)4 crystal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, Yeqing; Chen, Aixi; You, Zhenyu; Tu, Chaoyang

    2015-01-01

    A notable disorder crystal Yb:Ca 3 La 2 (BO 3 ) 4 crystal with Yb 3+ ion doping concentration of 10 at.% was grown by the Czochralski method. The polarized absorption, polarized emission, and polarized gain cross sections were systematically calculated. The laser operations were investigated with Yb:Ca 3 La 2 (BO 3 ) 4 crystals cut along the a, b, and c crystallographic axes. The highest output power of 3.88 W was obtained by using the b-cut Yb:Ca 3 La 2 (BO 3 ) 4 crystal, with a slope efficiency of 62%. Additionally, it was confirmed that the output laser spectra were largely dependent on the output coupler. (paper)

  13. Dependence of upconversion emission intensity on Yb3+ concentration in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped flake shaped Y2(MoO4)3 phosphors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lu Weili; Cheng Lihong; Zhong Haiyang; Sun Jiashi; Wan Jing; Tian Yue; Chen Baojiu

    2010-01-01

    Yttrium molybdate phosphors with fixed Er 3+ and various Yb 3+ concentrations were synthesized via a co-precipitation method. The crystal structure and the morphology of the phosphor were characterized by means of x-ray diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Under 980 nm excitation, red and green upconversion emissions centred at 660, 553 and 530 nm were observed. Quantitative analyses on the dependence of upconversion emission intensity on the working current of a laser diode (LD) indicated that two-photon processes are responsible for both red and green upconversion emissions in both cases of low and high Yb 3+ concentrations. The relationship between the emission intensity ratio of 2 H 11/2 → 4 I 15/2 to 4 S 3/2 → 4 I 15/2 and the working current of the LD was studied for the samples doped with low and high Yb 3+ concentrations. Finally, a set of rate equations was established based on the possible upconversion mechanism, and an empirical formula was proposed to describe the Yb 3+ concentration dependence of upconversion emission intensity; the empirical formula fits well with the experimental data.

  14. Structural, spectroscopic, and tunable laser properties of Yb3+ -doped NaGd(WO4)2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cascales, C.; Serrano, M. D.; Esteban-Betegón, F.; Zaldo, C.; Peters, R.; Petermann, K.; Huber, G.; Ackermann, L.; Rytz, D.; Dupré, C.; Rico, M.; Liu, J.; Griebner, U.; Petrov, V.

    2006-11-01

    Single crystals of Yb3+ -doped NaGd(WO4)2 with up to 20mol% ytterbium content have been grown by the Czochralski technique in air or in N2+O2 atmosphere and cooled to room temperature at different rates (4-250°C/h) . Only the noncentrosymmetric tetragonal space group I4¯ accounts for all reflections observed in the single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. The distortion of this symmetry with respect to the centrosymmetric tetragonal space group I41/a is much lower for crystals cooled at a fast rate. Na+ , Gd3+ , and Yb3+ ions share the two nonequivalent 2b and 2d sites of the I4¯ structure, but Yb3+ (and Gd3+ ) ions are found preferentially in the 2b site. Optical spectroscopy at low (5K) temperature provides additional evidence of the existence of these two sites contributing to the line broadening. The comparison with the F7/22(n) and F5/22(n') Stark energy levels calculated using the crystallographic Yb-O bond distances allows to correlate the experimental optical bands with the 2b and 2d sites. As a novel uniaxial laser host for Yb3+ , NaGd(WO4)2 is characterized also with respect to its transparency, band-edge, refractive indices, and main optical phonons. Continuous-wave Yb3+ -laser operation is studied at room temperature both under Ti:sapphire and diode laser pumping. A maximum slope efficiency of 77% with respect to the absorbed power is achieved for the π polarization by Ti:sapphire laser pumping in a three-mirror cavity with Brewster geometry. The emission is tunable in the 1014-1079nm spectral range with an intracavity Lyot filter. Passive mode locking of this laser produces 120fs long pulses at 1037.5nm with an average power of 360mW at ≈97MHz repetition rate. Using uncoated samples of Yb:NaGd(WO4)2 at normal incidence in simple two-mirror cavities, output powers as high as 1.45W and slope efficiencies as high as 51% are achieved with different diode laser pump sources.

  15. Synthesis of Er(III)/Yb(III)-doped BiF3 upconversion nanoparticles for use in optical thermometry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Du, Peng; Yu, Jae Su

    2018-03-23

    The authors describe an ethylene glycol assisted precipitation method for synthesis of Er(III)/Yb(III)-doped BiF 3 nanoparticles (NPs) at room temperature. Under 980-nm light irradiation, the NPs emit upconversion (UC) emission of Er(III) ions as a result of a two-photon absorption process. The temperature-dependent green emissions (peaking at 525 and 545 nm) are used to establish an unambiguous relationship between the ratio of fluorescence intensities and temperature. The NPs have a maximum sensitivity of 6.5 × 10 -3  K -1 at 619 K and can be applied over the 291-691 K temperature range. The results indicate that these NPs are a promising candidate for optical thermometry. Graphical abstract Schematic of the room-temperature preparation of Er(III)/Yb(III)-doped BiF 3 nanoparticles with strongly temperature-dependent upconversion emission.

  16. A broadening temperature sensitivity range with a core-shell YbEr@YbNd double ratiometric optical nanothermometer

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marciniak, L.; Prorok, K.; Francés-Soriano, L.; Pérez-Prieto, J.; Bednarkiewicz, A.

    2016-02-01

    The chemical architecture of lanthanide doped core-shell up-converting nanoparticles can be engineered to purposely design the properties of luminescent nanomaterials, which are typically inaccessible to their homogeneous counterparts. Such an approach allowed to shift the up-conversion excitation wavelength from ~980 to the more relevant ~808 nm or enable Tb or Eu up-conversion emission, which was previously impossible to obtain or inefficient. Here, we address the issue of limited temperature sensitivity range of optical lanthanide based nano-thermometers. By covering Yb-Er co-doped core nanoparticles with the Yb-Nd co-doped shell, we have intentionally combined temperature dependent Er up-conversion together with temperature dependent Nd --> Yb energy transfer, and thus have expanded the temperature response range ΔT of a single nanoparticle based optical nano-thermometer under single ~808 nm wavelength photo-excitation from around ΔT = 150 K to over ΔT = 300 K (150-450 K). Such engineered nanocrystals are suitable for remote optical temperature measurements in technology and biotechnology at the sub-micron scale.The chemical architecture of lanthanide doped core-shell up-converting nanoparticles can be engineered to purposely design the properties of luminescent nanomaterials, which are typically inaccessible to their homogeneous counterparts. Such an approach allowed to shift the up-conversion excitation wavelength from ~980 to the more relevant ~808 nm or enable Tb or Eu up-conversion emission, which was previously impossible to obtain or inefficient. Here, we address the issue of limited temperature sensitivity range of optical lanthanide based nano-thermometers. By covering Yb-Er co-doped core nanoparticles with the Yb-Nd co-doped shell, we have intentionally combined temperature dependent Er up-conversion together with temperature dependent Nd --> Yb energy transfer, and thus have expanded the temperature response range ΔT of a single nanoparticle

  17. Evaluation of TeO2 content on the optical and spectroscopic properties of Yb3 +-doped calcium borotellurite glasses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lima, A. M. O.; Gomes, J. F.; Hegeto, F. L.; Medina, A. N.; Steimacher, A.; Barboza, M. J.

    2018-03-01

    This paper reports the synthesis and the characterization of Yb3 +-doped calcium borotellurite (CaBTeX) glasses with composition 10CaF2-(29.5 - 0.4x)CaO-(60 - 0.6x)B2O3-xTeO2-0.5Yb2O3 (x = 10, 16, 22, 31 and 54 mol%). The results of XRD confirm the amorphous character of all the samples. The density, molar volume, refractive index and electronic polarizability values show an increase with TeO2 content. Otherwise, the optical band gap energy shows a decrease with the increase of TeO2 content. The replacement of CaO and B2O3 by TeO2 changes the glass structure, which decreases the excited Yb3 +/cm3 and, consequently, the luminescence intensity. The temperature dependence of luminescence was studied for all the samples up to 420 K. The fluorescence lifetime does not change significantly due to TeO2 addition. In addition, absorption and emission cross section were calculated and present high values as compared to other tellurite and phosphate glasses.

  18. Efficient conversion from UV light to near-IR emission in Yb{sup 3+}-doped triple-layered perovskite CaLaNb{sub 3}O{sub 10}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lu, Yuting; Li, Yuze; Qin, Lin; Huang, Yanlin [College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 (China); Qin, Chuanxiang, E-mail: qinchuanxiang@suda.edu.cn [College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 (China); Tsuboi, Taiju [Jiangsu-Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic/Bio-Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 (China); Huang, Wei, E-mail: wei-huang@njtech.edu.cn [Jiangsu-Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic/Bio-Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 (China)

    2015-04-15

    Graphical abstract: CaRNb{sub 3}O{sub 10} is a self-activated oxide due to charge transfer transition in octahedral NbO{sub 6} groups. CaLaNb{sub 3}O{sub 10}:Yb{sup 3+} presents intense IR emission due to the cooperative energy transfer from host (NbO{sub 6}) to Yb{sup 3+} is responsible. It could be expected to be potentially applicable for enhancing photovoltaic conversion efficiency of Si-based solar cells. - Abstract: Yb{sup 3+}-doped triple-layered perovskite CaLaNb{sub 3}O{sub 10} micro-particles were synthesized via the solid-state reaction method. The crystal structure and morphology of the polycrystalline samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements, respectively. The reflectance spectra, photoluminescence (PL) excitation and emission spectra, the decay curves, and the absolute quantum efficiency (QE) of the near-infrared (NIR) emission (910–1100 nm) were measured. Under excitation of UV light, Yb{sup 3+}-doped perovskite shows an intense NIR emission attributed to the {sup 2}F{sub 5/2} → {sup 2}F{sub 7/2} transitions of Yb{sup 3+} ions, which could match maximum spectral response of a Si-based solar cell. This is beneficial for its possible application in an enhancement of the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of solar energy utilization. The efficient energy transfer in Yb{sup 3+}-doped CaLaNb{sub 3}O{sub 10} from NbO{sub 6} groups into Yb{sup 3+} ions was confirmed by the spectra and fluorescent decay measurements. Cooperative energy transfer (CET) was supposed to be the NIR emission mechanism.

  19. Ultraviolet and near-infrared luminescence of LaBO3:Ce3+,Yb3+

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wei, Heng-Wei; Shao, Li-Ming; Jiao, Huan; Jing, Xi-Ping

    2018-01-01

    Ce3+ or Yb3+ singly doped LaBO3 and Ce3+-Yb3+ co-doped LaBO3 were prepared by conventional solid state reactions at 1100 °C and their photoluminescence (PL) properties were investigated. The emission spectrum of LaBO3:Ce3+,Yb3+ contains both the Ce3+ ultraviolet (UV) emissions (355 nm and 380 nm) and the Yb3+ near infrared (NIR) emission (975 nm) when excited by the UV light at 270 nm. By using the data of the Ce3+ decay curves and the PL intensities of both Ce3+ and Yb3+, the energy transfer efficiency (η) from Ce3+ to Yb3+, the actual energy transfer efficiency (AE) and the quantum efficiency (Q) of the Yb3+ emission were calculated. In the Ce3+-Yb3+ co-doped LaBO3, Ce3+ can transfer its absorbed energy to Yb3+ efficiently (η can be over 60%), and Yb3+ shows the Q value over 50% when it accepts the energy from Ce3+, which results in the low AE value ∼30%. The energy transfer process from Ce3+ to Yb3+ may be understood by the charge transfer mechanism: Ce3+ + Yb3+ ↔ Ce4+ + Yb2+. Particularly the Ce3+-Yb3+ co-doped LaBO3 phosphor gives the emissions mainly in the UV range and the NIR range with a portion of visible emissions in eye-insensitive range. This unique property may be suitable for applications in anti-counterfeiting techniques and public security affairs.

  20. Structural and magnetic properties of Mg doped YbMnO{sub 3}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sattibabu, Bhumireddi, E-mail: bsb.satti@gmail.com [School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Bhatnagar, Anil K., E-mail: anilb42@gmail.com [School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Rayaprol, Sudhindra [UGC-DAE CSR, Mumbai Centre, R-5 Shed, BARC, Mumbai 400085 (India); Mohan, Dasari; Das, Dibakar; Sundararaman, Mahadevan [School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India); Siruguri, Vasudeva [UGC-DAE CSR, Mumbai Centre, R-5 Shed, BARC, Mumbai 400085 (India)

    2014-09-01

    We have studied the effect of Mg doping on structure and magnetism of multiferroic YbMnO{sub 3}. Room temperature neutron diffraction studies were carried out on polycrystalline Yb{sub 1−x}Mg{sub x}MnO{sub 3} (x=0.00 and 0.05) samples to determine phase formation as well as cation distribution and structural properties such as bond length and bond angles. The structural analysis shows that with Mg substitution, there is a marginal change in a and c parameters of the hexagonal unit cell, c/a ratio remains constant for x=0 and 0.05 samples. Due to changes in bond angle and bond lengths on substituting Mg, there is a slight decrease in the distortion of MnO{sub 5} polyhedra. Magnetic measurements show that the Néel temperature (T{sub N}) increases marginally from 85 K for x=0.00 to 89 K for x=0.05 sample.

  1. Structural properties of pure and Fe-doped Yb films prepared by vapor condensation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rojas-Ayala, C., E-mail: chachi@cbpf.br [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, RJ (Brazil); Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, P.O.B. 14-149, Lima 14 (Peru); Passamani, E.C. [Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, ES (Brazil); Suguihiro, N.M. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, RJ (Brazil); Litterst, F.J. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, RJ (Brazil); Institut für Physik der Kondensierten Materie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig (Germany); Baggio Saitovitch, E. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, RJ (Brazil)

    2014-10-15

    Ytterbium and iron-doped ytterbium films were prepared by vapor quenching on Kapton substrates at room temperature. Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The aim was to study the microstructure of pure and iron-doped films and thereby to understand the effects induced by iron incorporation. A coexistence of face centered cubic and hexagonal close packed-like structures was observed, the cubic-type structure being the dominant contribution. There is an apparent thickness dependence of the cubic/hexagonal relative ratios in the case of pure ytterbium. Iron-clusters induce a crystalline texture effect, but do not influence the cubic/hexagonal volume fraction. A schematic model is proposed for the microstructure of un-doped and iron-doped films including the cubic- and hexagonal-like structures, as well as the iron distribution in the ytterbium matrix. - Highlights: • Pure and Fe-doped Yb films have been prepared by vapor condensation. • Coexistence of fcc- and hcp-type structures was observed. • No oxide phases have been detected. • Fe-clustering does not affect the fcc/hcp ratio, but favors a crystalline texture. • A schematic model is proposed to describe microscopically the microstructure.

  2. Effects of Sm3+/Yb3+ co-doping and temperature on the Raman, IR spectra and structure of [TeO2-GeO2-K2O-Sm2O3/Yb2O3] glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shaltout, I.; Badr, Y.

    2006-01-01

    Effects of Sm 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doping on Raman scattering, IR absorption, temperature dependence of the Raman spectra up to 210 o C and the structure of two glass systems of the composition (80TeO 2 -10GeO 2 -8K 2 O-2Sm 2 O 3 /Yb 2 O 3 ) is discussed. It was found that the addition of Yb 3+ to the glass very strongly enhances the intensities of the antistokes' Raman bands at 155, 375, 557 and 828 cm -1 and quenches both the intensities of the stokes' vibration modes of the TeO 4 units in the range of 120-770 cm -1 and the intensities of the OH - stretching vibration modes in the range of 2600-3300 cm -1 . Sm 2 O 3 /Yb 2 O 3 rare earth co-doping has a great influence on removing and/or changing the nature of the OH - groups. The appearance and splitting of the stretching vibration modes of the OH - groups at lower frequencies (2770, 2970 cm -1 ) for the Sm +3 singly doped glass sample, compared to the band at ∼3200 cm -1 for the Sm 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped glass sample, suggested that the OH - groups are more strongly bonded and incorporated with the glass matrix for the singly doped glass. Heating the sample up continuously weakens the hydrogen bonding of the OH - groups to the glass matrix leading to creation of NBO and breakdown of the connectivity of the OH - groups to the TeO 4 , TeO 3+1 and TeO 3 structural units. Raman bands at 286, 477, 666 and 769 cm -1 were assigned to its respective vibrations of Te 2 O 7 , TeO 4 -4 species, the (Te-O-Te) bending vibrations of the TeO 4 triagonal bipyramids (tbps), the axial symmetric stretching vibration modes (Te ax -O) s with bridging oxygen BO atoms and to the (Te-O) nbo non-bridging stretching vibration modes of the TeO 3+1 and/or TeO 3 pyramids

  3. Aptamer biosensor for Salmonella typhimurium detection based on luminescence energy transfer from Mn2 +-doped NaYF4:Yb, Tm upconverting nanoparticles to gold nanorods

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cheng, Keyi; Zhang, Jianguo; Zhang, Liping; Wang, Lun; Chen, Hongqi

    2017-01-01

    A highly sensitive luminescent bioassay for the detection of Salmonella typhimurium was fabricated using Mn2 +-doped NaYF4:Yb,Tm upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the donor and gold nanorods (Au NRs) as the acceptor and utilizing an energy transfer (LET) system. Mn2 +-doped NaYF4:Yb,Tm UCNPs with a strong emission peak at 807 nm were obtained by changing the doped ion ratio. Carboxyl-terminated Mn2 +-doped NaYF4:Yb,Tm UCNPs were coupled with S. typhimurium aptamers, which were employed to capture and concentrate S. typhimurium. The electrostatic interactions shorten the distance between the negatively charged donor and the positively charged acceptor, which results in luminescence quenching. The added S. typhimurium leads to the restoration of luminescence due to the formation of UCNPs-aptamers-S. typhimurium, which repels the UCNPs-aptamers from the Au NRs. The LET system does not occur because of the nonexistence of the luminescence emission band of Mn2 +-doped NaYF4:Yb,Tm UCNPs, which had large spectral overlap with the absorption band of Au NRs. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of detecting S. typhimurium was 12 to 5 × 105 cfu/mL (R = 0.99). The limit of detection for S. typhimurium was as low as 11 cfu/mL in an aqueous buffer. The measurement of S. typhimurium in milk samples was satisfied in accordance with the plate-counting method, suggesting that the proposed method was of practical value in the application of food security.

  4. Violet and visible up-conversion emission in Yb{sup 3+}-Ho{sup 3+} co-doped germanium-borate glasses

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yang Yanmin, E-mail: mihuyym@163.co [College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002 (China); Zhang Meixin [Forensic Science Lab, Hebei University, Baoding 071002 (China); Yang Zhiping [College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002 (China); Fu Zuoling [Key Laboratory of Coherent Light, Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, College of physics, Jilin University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130023 (China)

    2010-10-15

    The up-conversion emission properties of Yb{sup 3+}-Ho{sup 3+} co-doped germanium-borate glasses have been investigated with 980 nm excitation. The violet, blue, green and red emission bands at about 350, 485, 544 and 653 nm can be identified, respectively. Experimental results indicated that the relative intensity ratios of the peaks I{sub Red}/I{sub Green} increased with increasing B{sub 2}O{sub 3} concentration, which led to changing color of up-conversion emission from green at x=0 to yellow at x=40, to red at x=60. The violet emission at 350 nm was first reported in germanium-borate glass host and up-conversion mechanisms of the emissions were discussed. The Yb{sup 3+}-Ho{sup 3+} co-doped germanium-borate glasses could be an alternative for the generation of violet and primary colors for application in solid-state displays.

  5. Spin reorientation behavior in Yb doped YMnO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sharma, Neetika; Das, A.

    2014-01-01

    RMnO 3 with smaller rare-earths ions (R = Ho to Lu and Y) crystallize in the non-centrosymmetric hexagonal space group P6 3 cm. The magnetic structure of RMnO 3 compounds with (R=Er,Yb.Lu) are described by irreducible representations (IR) Γ 2,4 and Γ 1,3 for those with higher ionic radii (R=Ho,Y,Y-Er). Of recent the magnetic structure of YMnO 3 has been found to be better described by Γ 3 + Γ 4 IR. YbMnO 3 is another hexagonal manganite, with almost similar transition temperature, and basically shares all the physical properties of YMnO 3 , except for the magnetic structure. The magnetic structure of YbMnO 3 can be explained by Γ 2 or Γ 4 . The non collinear nature of magnetic ordering in these compounds arises due to the frustration inherent in these compounds. In this study we have probed the effect of a magnetic ion (Yb) on the magnetic structure of these frustrated isostructural compounds

  6. Study of upconversion fluorescence property of novel Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glasses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xu, Tie-Feng; Li, Guang-Po; Nie, Qiu-Hua; Shen, Xiang

    2006-06-01

    Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped TeO2-B2O3-Nb2O5-ZnO (TBN) glasses were prepared. The absorption spectra and upconversion luminescence spectra of TBN glasses were measured and analyzed. The upconversion emission bands centered at 530, 546 and 658 nm were observed under the excitation at 975 nm, corresponding to the transitions of 2H11/2-->4I15/2, 4S3/2-->4I15/2 and 4F9/2-->4I15/2 respectively. The ratio of red emission to green emission increases with an increasing of Yb3+ ions concentration. According to the quadratic dependence on excitation power, the possible upconversion mechanisms and processes were discussed.

  7. Optical gain at 1.53 {mu}m in Er{sup 3+}-Yb{sup 3+} co-doped porous silicon waveguides

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Najar, A. [Laboratoire d' Optronique UMR 6082-FOTON, Universite de Rennes 1, 6 rue de Kerampont, BP 80518, 22305 Lannion Cedex (France); Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Raman, Faculte des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 El Manar, Tunis (Tunisia)], E-mail: najar.adel@laposte.net; Charrier, J. [Laboratoire d' Optronique UMR 6082-FOTON, Universite de Rennes 1, 6 rue de Kerampont, BP 80518, 22305 Lannion Cedex (France); Ajlani, H. [Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Raman, Faculte des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 El Manar, Tunis (Tunisia); Lorrain, N.; Haesaert, S. [Laboratoire d' Optronique UMR 6082-FOTON, Universite de Rennes 1, 6 rue de Kerampont, BP 80518, 22305 Lannion Cedex (France); Oueslati, M. [Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Raman, Faculte des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 El Manar, Tunis (Tunisia); Haji, L. [Laboratoire d' Optronique UMR 6082-FOTON, Universite de Rennes 1, 6 rue de Kerampont, BP 80518, 22305 Lannion Cedex (France)

    2008-01-15

    Erbium-ytterbium (Er-Yb)-co-doped porous silicon planar waveguides were prepared from P{sup +}-type (1 0 0) oriented silicon wafer. Erbium and ytterbium ions were electrochemically introduced into the porous structure of the waveguide core. The doping profiles of erbium and ytterbium ions were determined by EDX analysis performed on sample cross-section. The mean concentration in the guiding layer is of about 1 x 10{sup 20} cm{sup -3}. The refractive indices were measured from co-doped porous silicon and undoped waveguides after the thermal treatments. The photoluminescence (PL) peak of optically activated erbium ions at 1.53 {mu}m was recorded. The PL enhancement is the result of the energy transfer from the excited state of Yb to the state of Er. Optical losses at 1.55 {mu}m were measured on these waveguides and were of about 2 dB/cm. An internal gain at 1.53 {mu}m of 5.8 dB/cm has been measured with a pump power of 65 mW at 980 nm.

  8. kW-level commercial Yb-doped aluminophosphosilicate ternary laser fiber

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Shihao; Zhan, Huan; Li, Yuwei; Liu, Shuang; Jiang, Jiali; Peng, Kun; Wang, Yuying; Ni, Li; Wang, Xiaolong; Jiang, Lei; Yu, Juan; Liu, Gang; Lu, Pengfei; Wang, Jianjun; Jing, Feng; Lin, Aoxiang

    2018-03-01

    Based on a master oscillator power amplifier configuration, laser performance of commercial Nufern-20/400-8M Ybdoped aluminophosphosilicate ternary laser fiber was investigated. Pumped by 976 nm laser diodes, 982 W laser output power was obtained with a slope efficiency of 84.9%. Spectrum of output was centered at 1066.56nm with 3dB bandwidth less than 0.32 nm, and the nonlinearity suppression ratio was more than 39dB. Beam quality of Mx2 and M2y were 1.55 and 1.75 at 982 W, respectively. The laser performance indicated that Nufern-20/400-8M Yb-doped aluminophosphosilicate ternary laser fiber is highly competitive for industry fiber laser use.

  9. Thermal analyzes of phosphate glasses doped with Yb{sup 3+} and ZnTe nanocrystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Freitas, A.M.; Bell, M.J.V. [Laboratório de Espectroscopia de Materiais, Departamento de Física, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Juiz de Fora, MG (Brazil); Anjos, V., E-mail: virgilio@fisica.ufjf.br [Laboratório de Espectroscopia de Materiais, Departamento de Física, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Juiz de Fora, MG (Brazil); Pinheiro, A.S.; Dantas, N.O. [Laboratório de Novos Materiais Isolantes e Semicondutores (LNMIS), Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, CP 593, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG (Brazil)

    2016-01-15

    This work studies the thermal properties of a glass matrix called PZABP doped with ZnTe and co-doped with Yb{sup 3+} with nominal composition 60P{sub 2}O{sub 5}, 15ZnO, 5Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, 10BaO, and 10 PbO (mol%). The presence of ZnTe results in the formation of nanocrystals which are evidenced by optical absorption, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering. Thermal lens and Volumetric Heat Capacity techniques were used to investigate thermal diffusivity (D), thermal conductivity (K) and optical path variation with temperature (ds/dT). The outcomes indicate high values for the thermal diffusivity and a relatively small thermal conductivity, i.e., around 2.6×10{sup −3} cm{sup 2}/s and 3.4×10{sup −3} W cm{sup −1} K{sup −1}, respectively. On the other hand, a low ds/dT value, 1.0×10{sup −6} K{sup −1}, was obtained as required for an active laser medium. Moreover, it has been observed that the matrix allows high concentration of dopants without compromising its thermal properties. As a result, PZABP glasses may be pointed out as a promising material to applications in high power photonics devices. - Highlights: • UV transparentglass matrix (PZABP) is used for Yb{sup 3+}doping. • Bulk like and quantum dots like crystals of ZnTe were grown. • Thermal properties point out PZABP as a material to high power photonics devices.

  10. Study on upconversion luminescence and thermal properties of Ho{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped La{sub 2}O{sub 3}–TiO{sub 2}–ZrO{sub 2} glasses

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, Minghui; Wen, Haiqin [State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 (China); Yu, Huimei [Analysis and Testing Center of Inorganic Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 (China); Ai, Fei [State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 (China); Shao, Hui [School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003 (China); Pan, Xiuhong; Tang, Meibo; Yu, Jianding; Gai, Lijun [State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 (China); Liu, Yan, E-mail: liuyan@mail.sic.ac.cn [State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050 (China)

    2016-07-05

    Bulk Ho{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped La{sub 2}O{sub 3}–TiO{sub 2}–ZrO{sub 2} glass spheres were fabricated by aerodynamic levitation method. High concentration of Yb{sup 3+} ions was successfully doped in glasses. The effects of Yb{sup 3+} concentration on mechanical properties, Raman, absorption spectra, thermal stability, and glass forming ability were studied systematically. Green, red, and infrared emissions centered at 550, 662, and 758 nm were obtained at 980 nm excitation. Yellow light from glass spheres can be easily observed by naked eyes. As Yb{sup 3+} concentration increases, the upconversion luminescence can be improved obviously. The upconversion luminescence mechanism is a two-photon process of energy transfer, excited state absorption, and energy back transfer. The emission intensity can be enhanced in the samples with high Yb{sup 3+} concentration, since the absorption for the incident laser and the energy transfer efficiency are increased, and the nonradiative relaxation probability is reduced. The light color referring to the ratio for red to green emissions can be tuned by Yb{sup 3+} concentration. Ho{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped La{sub 2}O{sub 3}–TiO{sub 2}–ZrO{sub 2} glasses show promising comprehensive properties and are helpful to speed the application of upconversion luminescence materials. - Highlights: • Ho{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} doped titanate glasses are prepared by containerless processing. • The effects of Yb{sup 3+} on thermal and mechanical properties have been studied. • High concentration of Yb{sup 3+} is favorable to upconversion luminescence. • The mechanisms are energy transfer, excited state absorption, energy back transfer.

  11. Multifunctional Eu3+- and Er3+/Yb3+-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles synthesized by reverse micelle method.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gavrilović, Tamara V; Jovanović, Dragana J; Lojpur, Vesna; Dramićanin, Miroslav D

    2014-02-27

    Synthesis of Eu(3+)- and Er(3+)/Yb(3+)-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles in reverse micelles and their multifunctional luminescence properties are presented. Using cyclohexane, Triton X-100, and n-pentanol as the oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively, crystalline nanoparticles with ~4 nm diameter are prepared at low temperatures. The particle size assessed using transmission electron microscopy is similar to the crystallite size obtained from X-ray diffraction measurements, suggesting that each particle comprises a single crystallite. Eu(3+)-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles emit red light through downconversion upon UV excitation. Er(3+)/Yb(3+)-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles exhibit several functions; apart from the downconversion of UV radiation into visible green light, they act as upconvertors, transforming near-infrared excitation (980 nm) into visible green light. The ratio of green emissions from (2)H11/2 → (2)I15/2 and (4)S3/2 → (4)I15/2 transitions is temperature dependent and can be used for nanoscale temperature sensing with near-infrared excitation. The relative sensor sensitivity is 1.11%K(-1), which is among the highest sensitivities recorded for upconversion-luminescence-based thermometers.

  12. Multifunctional Eu3+- and Er3+/Yb3+-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles synthesized by reverse micelle method

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gavrilović, Tamara V.; Jovanović, Dragana J.; Lojpur, Vesna; Dramićanin, Miroslav D.

    2014-02-01

    Synthesis of Eu3+- and Er3+/Yb3+-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles in reverse micelles and their multifunctional luminescence properties are presented. Using cyclohexane, Triton X-100, and n-pentanol as the oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively, crystalline nanoparticles with ~4 nm diameter are prepared at low temperatures. The particle size assessed using transmission electron microscopy is similar to the crystallite size obtained from X-ray diffraction measurements, suggesting that each particle comprises a single crystallite. Eu3+-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles emit red light through downconversion upon UV excitation. Er3+/Yb3+-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles exhibit several functions; apart from the downconversion of UV radiation into visible green light, they act as upconvertors, transforming near-infrared excitation (980 nm) into visible green light. The ratio of green emissions from 2H11/2 --> 2I15/2 and 4S3/2 --> 4I15/2 transitions is temperature dependent and can be used for nanoscale temperature sensing with near-infrared excitation. The relative sensor sensitivity is 1.11%K-1, which is among the highest sensitivities recorded for upconversion-luminescence-based thermometers.

  13. Effect of silica surface coating on the luminescence lifetime and upconversion temperature sensing properties of semiconductor zinc oxide doped with gallium(III) and sensitized with rare earth ions Yb(III) and Tm(III).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Yuemei; Li, Yongmei; Wang, Rui; Zheng, Wei

    2018-02-26

    Optical sensing of temperature by measurement of the ratio of the intensities of the 700 nm emission and the 800 nm emission of Ga(III)-doped ZnO (GZO) nanoparticles (NPs) and of GZO NPs coated with a silica shell are demonstrated at 980 nm excitation. It is found that the relative sensitivity of SiO 2 @Yb/Tm/GZO is 6.2% K -1 at a temperature of 693 K. This is ~3.4 times higher than that of Yb/Tm/GZO NPs. Obviously, the SiO 2 shell structure decreases the rate of the nonradiative decay. The decay time of the 800 nm emission of the Yb/Tm/GZO NPs (15 mol% Ga; 7 mol% Yb; 0.5 mol% Tm) displays a biexponential decay with a dominant decay time of 148 μs and a second decay time of ~412 μs. The lifetime of the Yb/Tm/GZO NPs at 293 K, and of the SiO 2 @Yb/Tm/GZO NPs are ~412 μs. Both the Yb/Tm/GZO and SiO 2 @Yb/Tm/GZO can be used up to 693 K. These results indicate that the SiO 2 shell on the Yb/Tm/GZO is beneficial in terms of sensitivity and resolution. Graphical abstract The enhancement the decay time and thermal sensitivity in the SiO 2 @Yb/Tm/GZO shell@core structure have been studied compared to the Ga(III)-doped Yb/Tm-doped ZnO (Yb/Tm/GZO). The SiO 2 @Yb/Tm/GZO have good thermal accuracy up to 693 °C.

  14. Characterization and Computation of Yb/TiO2 and Its Photocatalytic Degradation with Benzohydroxamic Acid

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xianping Luo

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Yb-doped TiO2 (Yb/TiO2 compositions were synthesized by sol-gel method, and the prepared materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, UV-visible diffuse-reflectance spectrum (UV-Vis DRS, transmission electron microscope (TEM and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM, energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS, and N2 adsorption. A beneficiation reagent of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA was used to test the photocatalytic activity of Yb/TiO2. The characterizations indicate that the doping of Yb could inhibit the crystal growth of TiO2, enhance the specific surface area, increase the binding energy of Ti2p, and also slightly expand the adsorption ranges to visible light. Furthermore, the computation of band structure also indicates that Yb-doped TiO2 could make the forbidden band narrower than pure anatase TiO2, which presents a red shift in the absorption spectrum. As a result of the photodegradation experiment on BHA, Yb/TiO2 (0.50% in mass sintered at 450 °C displayed the highest catalytic activity for BHA when compared with pure TiO2 or other doped Yb/TiO2 compositions, and more than 89.2% of the total organic carbon was removed after 120 min. Almost all anions, including Cl−, HCO3−, NO3−, and SO42−, inhibited the degradation of BHA by Yb/TiO2, and their inhibition effects followed the order of HCO3− > NO3− > SO42− > Cl−. Cations of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ displayed a slight suppressing effect due to the impact of Cl− coexisting in the solution. In addition, Yb/TiO2 maintained a high photocatalytic ability with respect to BHA after four runs. It is hypothesized that ·OH is one of the main species involved in the photodegradation of BHA, and the mutual transformation of Yb3+ and Yb2+ could promote the separation of electron-hole pairs.

  15. Single-crystal structure refinement of YbF{sub 2} with a remark about YbH{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Reckeweg, Olaf; DiSalvo, Francis J. [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology

    2017-07-01

    Transparent-yellow single crystals of YbF{sub 2} were obtained as only crystalline product from the solid-state reaction of Yb and teflon designed to yield 'Yb{sub 3}C{sub 3}F{sub 2}' in addition to some amorphous black material. The first single-crystal structure determination of YbF{sub 2} (cubic space group Fm anti 3m, CaF{sub 2}-type structure, a = 559.46(16) pm; R1 = 1.2%, wR2 = 3.2%) was the starting point to compare isostructural binary fluorides MF{sub 2} and hydrides MH{sub 2} (M = Ca, Yb, Eu, Sr and Ba) exhibiting an as-yet unexplained small volume per formula unit for YbH{sub 2}.

  16. Quantum efficiency of Yb{sup 3+}–ZnTe co-doped phosphate glass system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Falci, R.F.; Freitas, A.M.; Silva, G.H. [Laboratório de Espectroscopia de Materiais, Departamento de Física, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG (Brazil); Pinheiro, A.S. [Centro Federal de EducaçãoTecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (CEFET/RJ) - Campus Petrópolis, CEP 25620-003, Petrópolis - RJ (Brazil); Dantas, N.O. [Laboratório de Novos Materiais Isolantes e Semicondutores (LNMIS), Instituto de Física da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, CP 593, CEP 38400-902, Uberlândia, MG (Brazil); Anjos, V., E-mail: virgilio@fisica.ufjf.br [Laboratório de Espectroscopia de Materiais, Departamento de Física, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG (Brazil); Bell, M.J.V. [Laboratório de Espectroscopia de Materiais, Departamento de Física, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG (Brazil)

    2016-08-15

    The present paper deals with optical properties of a highly transparent phosphate glass co-doped with Yb{sup 3+} and ZnTe nanocrystals. The presence of ZnTe nanocrystals is due to a sequential melting–nucleation procedure evidenced by optical absorption and Atomic Force Microscopy. From the perspective of compositional variation of the dopants, photoluminescence and lifetime measurements were performed. As a result, it was demonstrated that the ZnTe nanocrystals increase the Yb{sup 3+} emission by a factor up to five, when the pumping wavelength is resonant with the ZnTe absorption. It was also verified that the ZnTe nanocrystals inhibit the self-trapping of the rare earth luminescence. As a consequence, the quantum efficiency of the {sup 5}F{sub 7/2}→{sup 5}F{sub 5/2} transitions of the Yb{sup 3+} is considerably increased. Finally, we have found that the glass thermal diffusivity is not sensitive to temperature variations comprising the interval from room temperature to cryogenic temperatures. This can be an important property when considering this material to future applications in high-power photonic devices.

  17. Thermal effects on light emission in Yb3+ -sensitized rare-earth doped optical glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gouveia, E.A.; Araujo, M.T. de; Gouveia-Neto, A.S.

    2001-01-01

    The temperature effect upon infrared-to-visible frequency upconversion fluorescence emission in off-resonance infrared excited Yb 3+ -sensitized rare-earth doped optical glasses is theoretically and experimentally investigated. We have examined samples of Er3+/Yb 3+ -codoped Ga 2 S 3 :La 2 O 3 chalcogenide glasses and germanosilicate optical fibers, and Ga2O3:La 2 O 3 chalcogenide and fluoroindate glasses codoped with Pr 3+ /Yb 3+ , excited off-resonance at 1.064μm. The experimental results revealed thermal induced enhancement in the visible upconversion emission intensity as the samples temperatures were increased within the range of 20 deg C to 260 deg C. The fluorescence emission enhancement is attributed to the temperature dependent multiphonon-assisted anti-Stokes excitation process of the ytterbium-sensitizer. A theoretical approach that takes into account a sensitizer temperature dependent effective absorption cross section, which depends upon the phonon occupation number in the host matrices, has proven to agree very well with the experimental data. As beneficial applications of the thermal enhancement, a temperature tunable amplifier and a fiber laser with improved power performance are presented. (author)

  18. Up-conversion luminescence of Er3+/Yb3+/Nd3+-codoped tellurite glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lu Longjun; Nie Qiuhua; Xu Tiefeng; Dai Shixun; Shen Xiang; Zhang Xianghua

    2007-01-01

    Up-conversion luminescence and energy transfer (ET) processes in Nd 3+ -Yb 3+ -Er 3+ triply doped TeO 2 -ZnO-Na 2 O glasses have been studied under 800 nm excitation. Intense green up-conversion emissions around 549 nm, which can be attributed to the Er 3+ : 4 S 3/2 →4 I 15/2 transition, are observed in triply doped samples. In contrast, the green emissions are hardly observed in Er 3+ singly doped and Er 3+ -Yb 3+ codoped samples under the same condition. Up-conversion luminescence intensity exhibits dependence of Yb 2 O 3 -concentration and Nd 2 O 3 -concentration. Up-conversion mechanism in the triply doped glasses under 800 nm pump is discussed by analyzing the ET among Nd 3+ , Yb 3+ and Er 3+ . And a possible up-conversion mechanism based on sequential ET from Nd 3+ to Er 3+ through Yb 3+ is proposed for green and red up-conversion emission processes

  19. Strong broad green UV-excited photoluminescence in rare earth (RE = Ce, Eu, Dy, Er, Yb) doped barium zirconate

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Borja-Urby, R. [Grupo de Espectroscopia de Materiales Avanzados y Nanoestructurados (EMANA), Centro de Investigaciones en Optica A. C., Leon, Gto. 37150 (Mexico); Diaz-Torres, L.A., E-mail: ditlacio@cio.mx [Grupo de Espectroscopia de Materiales Avanzados y Nanoestructurados (EMANA), Centro de Investigaciones en Optica A. C., Leon, Gto. 37150 (Mexico); Salas, P. [Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, A.P. 1-1010, Queretaro, Qro. 76000 (Mexico); Angeles-Chavez, C. [Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo, Ciudad de Mexico, D. F. 07730 (Mexico); Meza, O. [Grupo de Espectroscopia de Materiales Avanzados y Nanoestructurados (EMANA), Centro de Investigaciones en Optica A. C., Leon, Gto. 37150 (Mexico)

    2011-10-25

    Highlights: > Trivalent rare earth (RE) substitution on Zr{sup 4+} sites in BaZrO{sub 3} lead to band gap narrowing. > RE substitution lead to enhanced blue-green intrinsic emission of nanocrystalline BaZrO{sub 3} > Blue-green hue of BaZrO3:RE depends on RE dopant and excitation UV wavelength > BaZrO3: Dy{sup 3+} PL chromatic coordinates correspond to pure white color coordinates of CIE 1931 model - Abstract: The wet synthesis hydrothermal method at 100 deg. C was used to elaborate barium zirconate (BaZrO{sub 3}) unpurified with 0.5 mol% of different rare earth ions (RE = Yb, Er, Dy, Eu, Ce). Morphological, structural and UV-photoluminescence properties depend on the substituted rare earth ionic radii. While the crystalline structure of RE doped BaZrO{sub 3} remains as a cubic perovskite for all substituted RE ions, its band gap changes between 4.65 and 4.93 eV. Under 267 nm excitation the intrinsic green photoluminescence of the as synthesized BaZrO{sub 3}: RE samples is considerably improved by the substitution on RE ions. For 1000 deg. C annealed samples, under 267 nm, the photoluminescence is dominated by the intrinsic BZO emission. It is interesting to notice that Dy{sup 3+}, Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} doped samples present whitish emissions that might be useful for white light generation under 267 nm excitation. CIE color coordinates are reported for all samples.

  20. Bragg grating photo-inscription in doped microstructured polymer optical fiber by 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hu, X.; Woyessa, Getinet; Kinet, D.

    2016-01-01

    In this paper, we report the manufacturing of high-quality endlessly single-mode doped microstructured poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) optical fibers. Bragg gratings are photo-inscribed in such fibers by means of 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses through a 1060-nm-period uniform phase mask...

  1. Cooperative up-conversion processes in SrAl{sub 4}O{sub 7}:Yb and SrAl{sub 4}O{sub 7}:Yb,Tb and their dependence on charge compensation by Na

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Puchalska, M., E-mail: malgorzata.puchalska@chem.uni.wroc.pl [Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14, F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wroclaw (Poland); Zych, E. [Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14, F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wroclaw (Poland); Watras, A. [Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2 Okólna Street, 50-422 Wrocław (Poland)

    2017-03-15

    A detailed analysis of the luminescence behaviour of Yb{sup 3+}-doped and Yb{sup 3+}-Tb{sup 3+} co-doped strontium aluminates powders: Sr{sub 1-x}Yb{sub x}Al{sub 4}O{sub 7} (x=0.002–0.07) and Sr{sub 1-x-y}Yb{sub x}Tb{sub y}Al{sub 4}O{sub 7} (x=0.03; y=0.002–0.02) were performed. The studies of singly doped samples show that direct excitation of Yb{sup 3+} by means of {sup 2}F{sub 7/2}-{sup 2}F{sub 5/2} absorption at 900–980 nm leads to Stokes Yb{sup 3+} emission in the range of 970–1130 nm as well as bluish-green Yb{sup 3+} cooperative luminescence (CL) whose energy doubles that of the NIR one. The effect of activator concentration and charge compensation through Na{sup +} co-doping on both Yb{sup 3+} emissions were also studied. It was found that Na{sup +} addition enhanced Stokes Yb{sup 3+} photoluminescence brightness, while the cooperative emission intensity appeared to be lower. In doubly Yb{sup 3+}-Tb{sup 3+} doped materials excitation at 980 nm led to cooperative sensitization of the Tb{sup 3+} {sup 5}D{sub 4} level giving rise to its green {sup 5}D{sub 4}→{sup 7}F{sub J} (J={sup 7}F{sub 6}-{sup 7}F{sub 3}) up-conversion luminescence with the dominant component around 542 nm. The cooperative energy transfer (CET) mechanism was proposed basing on the results obtained from emission and absorption spectra, decay kinetics as well as the dependence of UC luminescence intensity on NIR excitation power.

  2. Q-switched Yb3+:YAG laser using plasmonic Cu2-xSe quantum dots as saturable absorbers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Yimeng; Zhan, Yi; Lee, Sooho; Wang, Li; Zhang, Xinping

    2018-04-01

    Cu2-xSe quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by organometallic synthesis methods. Due to heavy self-doping, the Cu2-xSe QDs exhibit particle plasmon resonance in the near-infrared. Transient absorption spectroscopic investigation revealed strong nonlinear optical absorption and bleaching performance of the QDs under femtosecond pulse excitation, which enabled the Cu2-xSe QDs to be excellent saturable absorbers and applied in Q-switched or mode-locked lasers. A passively Q-switched Yb3+:YAG solid-state laser at 1.03 μm was achieved by coating Cu2-xSe QDs as saturable absorbers onto one of the output coupler of the V-shaped linear cavity.

  3. A crystal chemistry approach for high-power ytterbium doped solid-state lasers: diffusion-bonded crystals and new crystalline hosts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gaume, R.

    2002-11-01

    This work deals with ytterbium based crystals for high-power laser applications. In particular, we focus our interest in reducing crystal heating and its consequences during laser operation following two different ways. First, we review the specific properties of ytterbium doped solid-state lasers in order to define a figure-of-merit which gives the evaluation of laser performances, thermo-mechanical and thermo-optical properties. Bearing in mind this analysis, we propose a set of theoretical tools, based on the crystallographic structure of the crystal and its chemical composition, to predict thermo-mechanical and optical potentials. This approach, used for the seek of new Yb 3+ -doped materials for high-power laser applications, shows that simple oxides containing rare-earths are favorable. Therefore, the spectroscopic properties of six new materials Yb 3+ :GdVO 4 , Yb 3+ :GdAlO 3 , Yb 3+ :Gd 2 O 3 , Yb 3+ :Sc 2 SiO 5 , Yb 3+ :CaSc 2 O 4 and Yb 3+ :SrSc 2 O 4 are described. The second aspect developed in this work deals with thermal properties enhancement of already well characterized laser materials. Two different ways are explored: a) elaboration by diffusion bonding of end-caps lasers with undoped crystals (composite crystals). Thus, different composites were obtained and a fairly lowering of thermal lensing effect was observed during laser operation. b) strengthening of crystalline structures by ionic substitution of one of its constituents. We demonstrate how crystal growth ability can be improved by a cationic substitution in the case of Yb 3+ :BOYS, a largely-tunable laser material which is of great interest for femtosecond pulses generation. (author)

  4. Optical properties of Mg2+, Yb3+, and Ho3+ tri-doped LiNbO3 crystals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dai, Li; Liu, Chun-Rui; Tan, Chao; Yan, Zhe-Hua; Xu, Yu-Heng

    2017-04-01

    A series of LiNbO3 crystals tri-doped with Mg{}2+, Yb{}3+, and Ho{}3+ are grown by the conventional Czochraski technique. The concentrations of Mg{}2+, Yb{}3+, and Ho{}3+ ions in Mg:Yb:Ho:LiNbO3 crystals are measured by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The x-ray diffraction is proposed to determine the lattice constant and analyze the internal structure of the crystal. The light-induced scattering of Mg:Yb:Ho:LiNbO3 crystal is quantitatively described via the threshold effect of incident exposure energy flux. The exposure energy ({E}{{r}}) is calculated to discuss the optical damage resistance ability. The exposure energy of Mg(7 mol):Yb:Ho:LiNbO3 crystal is 709.17 J/cm2, approximately 425 times higher than that of the Mg(1 mol):Yb:Ho:LiNbO3 crystal in magnitude. The blue, red, and very intense green bands of Mg:Yb:Ho:LiNbO3 crystal are observed under the 980-nm laser excitation to evaluate the up-conversion emission properties. The dependence of the emission intensity on pumping power indicates that the up-conversion emission is a two-photon process. The up-conversion emission mechanism is discussed in detail. This study indicates that Mg:Yb:Ho:LiNbO3 crystal can be applied to the fabrication of new multifunctional photoluminescence devices. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51301055), the Youth Science Fund of Heilongjiang Province, China (Grant No. QC2015061), the Special Funds of Harbin Innovation Talents in Science and Technology Research, China (Grant No. 2015RQQXJ045 ), and the Science Funds for the Young Innovative Talents of Harbin University of Science and Technology, China (Grant No. 201501).

  5. Photosensitivity of the Er/Yb-Codoped Schott IOG1 Phosphate Glass Using 248 nm, Femtosecond, and Picosecond Laser Radiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pissadakis, S.; Michelakaki, I.

    2009-01-01

    The effect of 248 nm laser radiation, with pulse duration of 5 picoseconds, 500 femtosecond, and 120 femtosecond, on the optical properties and the Knoop hardness of a commercial Er/Yb-codoped phosphate glass is presented here. Refractive index changes of the order of few parts of 10-4 are correlated with optical absorption centers induced in the glass volume, using Kramers-Kroning relationship. Accordingly, substantially lower refractive index changes are measured in volume Bragg gratings inscribed in the glass, indicating that, in addition to the optical density changes, volume dilation changes of negative sign may also be associated with the 248 nm ultrafast irradiation. The Knoop hardness experimental results reveal that the glass matrix undergoes an observable initial hardening and then a reversing softening and volume dilation process for modest accumulated energy doses, where the Knoop hardness follows a nonmonotonic trend. Comparative results on the Knoop hardness trend are also presented for the case of 193 nm excimer laser radiation. The above findings denote that the positive or negative evolution of refractive index changes induced by the 248 0nm ultrafast radiation in the glass is dominated by the counteraction of the color center formation and the volume modification effects.

  6. Microstructural and electrical characteristics of rare earth oxides doped ZnO varistor films

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiao, Lei; Mei, Yunzhu; Xu, Dong; Zhong, Sujuan; Ma, Jia; Zhang, Lei; Bao, Li

    2018-02-01

    ZnO-Bi2O3 varistor films doped with two kinds of rare earth element oxides (Lu2O3 and Yb2O3) were prepared by the sol-gel method. The effects of Lu2O3/Yb2O3 doping on the microstructure and electrical characteristics of ZnO-Bi2O3 varistor films were investigated. All samples show a homogenized morphology and an improved nonlinear relationship between the electric field (E) and current density (I). Both Yb2O3 and Lu2O3 doping can decrease the grain size of ZnO-Bi2O3 varistor films and improve the electrical properties, which have a positive effect on the development of ZnO varistor ceramics. Yb2O3 doping significantly increases the dielectric constant at low frequency. 0.2 mol. % Yb2O3 doped ZnO-Bi2O3 varistor films exhibit the highest nonlinear coefficient (2.5) and the lowest leakage current (328 μA) among Lu2O3/Yb2O3 doped ZnO-Bi2O3 varistor films. Similarly, 0.1 mol. % Lu2O3 doping increases the nonlinear coefficient to 1.9 and decrease the leakage current to 462 μA.

  7. Luminescent properties of LuAG:Yb and YAG:Yb single crystalline films grown by Liquid Phase Epitaxy method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zorenko, Yu; Zorenko, T.; Gorbenko, V.; Voznyak, T.; Popielarski, P.; Batentschuk, M.; Osvet, A.; Brabec, Ch; Kolobanov, V.; Spasky, D.; Fedorov, A.

    2016-01-01

    In this work, investigation of the spectroscopic parameters of the luminescence of Yb"3"+ ions in single crystalline films of Lu_3Al_5O_1_2 and Y_3Al_5O_1_2 garnets was performed using the synchrotron radiation excitation with the energy in the range of Yb"3"+ charge transitions (CT), exciton range and the onset of interband transitions of these garnets. The basic spectroscopic parameters of the Yb"3"+ CT luminescence in LuAG and YAG hosts were determined and summarized with taking into account the differences in the band gap structure of these garnets. - Highlights: • Single crystalline films of Yb doped LuAG and YAG garnets were grown by LPE method. • Yb"3"+ luminescence of LuAG:Yb and YAG:Yb film were studied using synchrotron radiation. • Basic parameters of Yb"3"+ charge transfer luminescence in LuAG and YAG were determined.

  8. Conversion and quantum efficiency from ultraviolet light to near infrared emission in Yb{sup 3+}-doped pyrovanadates MZnV{sub 2}O{sub 7} (M = Ca, Sr, Ba)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Guan, Ying; Huang, Yanlin [College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123 (China); Tsuboi, Taiju; Huang, Wei [Jiangsu-Singapore Joint Research Center for Organic/Bio-Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816 (China); Chen, Cuili; Cai, Peiqing [Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737 (Korea, Republic of); Seo, Hyo Jin, E-mail: hjseo@pknu.ac.kr [Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737 (Korea, Republic of)

    2014-12-15

    Highlights: • Efficient convertors of Yb{sup 3+} doped pyrovanadates are prepared and characterized. • Broadband down-conversion from ultraviolet into near-infrared is realized. • High quantum efficiency of 18.5% can be reached. • Energy transfer from VO{sub 4} groups to Yb{sup 3+} ions is demonstrated on the base of the crystal structure. - Abstract: Yb{sup 3+}-doped CaZnV{sub 2}O{sub 7}, SrZnV{sub 2}O{sub 7} and BaZnV{sub 2}O{sub 7} were synthesized via the solid-state reaction. The polycrystalline samples were investigated by XRD and SEM measurements. The reflectance spectra, photoluminescence (PL) excitation and emission spectra, the absolute quantum efficiency (QE) of the IR emission (900–1100 nm) were measured. The efficient conversion from ultraviolet (UV) light to near-infrared (NIR) emission has been demonstrated in the Yb{sup 3+}-doped pyrovanadates by the broadband down conversion from VO{sub 4}{sup 3−} to Yb{sup 3+} ions. Under UV light excitation, an intense NIR emission around 1000 nm ascribed to the {sup 2}F{sub 5/2} → {sup 2}F{sub 7/2} transition of Yb{sup 3+} ions has been observed, which just corresponds to the spectral response of Si solar cells. The NIR emission efficiency is observed to depend on the lattice of pyrovanadate. The mechanism of the NIR emission ascribed to energy transfer is discussed by taking into account the experimental results and the crystal structures.

  9. Miniature fiber-optic multiphoton microscopy system using frequency-doubled femtosecond Er-doped fiber laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huang, Lin; Mills, Arthur K; Zhao, Yuan; Jones, David J; Tang, Shuo

    2016-05-01

    We report on a miniature fiber-optic multiphoton microscopy (MPM) system based on a frequency-doubled femtosecond Er-doped fiber laser. The femtosecond pulses from the laser source are delivered to the miniature fiber-optic probe at 1.58 µm wavelength, where a standard single mode fiber is used for delivery without the need of free-space dispersion compensation components. The beam is frequency-doubled inside the probe by a periodically poled MgO:LiNbO3 crystal. Frequency-doubled pulses at 786 nm with a maximum power of 80 mW and a pulsewidth of 150 fs are obtained and applied to excite intrinsic signals from tissues. A MEMS scanner, a miniature objective, and a multimode collection fiber are further used to make the probe compact. The miniature fiber-optic MPM system is highly portable and robust. Ex vivo multiphoton imaging of mammalian skins demonstrates the capability of the system in imaging biological tissues. The results show that the miniature fiber-optic MPM system using frequency-doubled femtosecond fiber laser can potentially bring the MPM imaging for clinical applications.

  10. Hydrothermal synthesis of superparamagnetic and red luminescent bifunctional Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Mn{sup 2+}-doped NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er core@shell monodisperse nanoparticles and their subsequent ligand exchange in water

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Qin, Zhenli; Du, Sinan; Luo, Yang; Liao, Zhijian; Zuo, Fang, E-mail: polymerzf@swun.cn; Luo, Jianbin; Liu, Dong

    2016-08-15

    Graphical abstract: An efficient hydrothermal method was used to fabricate the superparamagnetic and red luminescent bifunctional Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Mn{sup 2(*)+}-doped NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er nanoparticles (NPs) with core@shell structures through a seed-growth procedure. Then using PEG phosphate ligand to displace oleate from the as-synthesized NPs, hydrophilic Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Mn{sup 2+}-doped NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er NPs with good water solubility are obtained. - Highlights: • Homogeneous size distribution of magnetic-upconversion core@shell structured nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized. • The core@shell nanostructures were obtained by seed-growth method. • The oleic acid coated Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NPs were used as seeds and cores. • The magnetic-upconversion NPs emitted red luminescence under a 980 nm laser. • Synthesized magnetic-upconversion NPs were phase transferred using ligand exchange process. - Abstract: We report the use of an efficient hydrothermal method to synthesize superparamagnetic and red luminescent bifunctional Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Mn{sup 2+}-doped NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er nanoparticles (NPs) with core@shell structures via a seed-growth procedure. Oleic acid coated Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} (OA-Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}) NPs were initially synthesized using a coprecipitation method. The as-synthesized OA-Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} NPs were then used as seeds, on which the red upconversion luminescent shell (Mn{sup 2+}-doped NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er) was formed. Furthermore, hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface modification of the Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}@Mn{sup 2+}-doped NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er NPs was achieved via a ligand exchange method where oleic acid was displaced by a PEG phosphate ligand [PEG = poly(ethylene glycol)]. These materials were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} cores were uniformly coated with a Mn{sup 2+}-doped NaYF{sub 4}:Yb

  11. Synthesis and Downconversion Emission Property of Yb2O3:Eu3+ Nanosheets and Nanotubes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chao Qian

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3 nanocrystals with different Eu3+ (1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% doped concentrations were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method, subsequently by calcination at 700°C. The crystal phase, size, and morphology of prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM. The results show that the as-prepared Yb2O3 nanocrystals with sheet- and tube-like shape have cubic phase structure. The Eu3+ doped Yb2O3 nanocrystals were revealed to have good down conversion (DC property and intensity of the DC luminescence can be modified by Eu3+ contents. In our experiment the 1% Eu3+ doped Yb2O3 nanocrystals showed the strongest DC luminescence among the obtained Yb2O3 nanocrystals.

  12. Infrared to visible upconversion luminescence in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped CeO2 inverse opal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yang, Zhengwen; Wu, Hangjun; Liao, Jiayan; Li, Wucai; Song, Zhiguo; Yang, Yong; Zhou, Dacheng; Wang, Rongfei; Qiu, Jianbei

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: • UC emission of Er 3+ was modified by introducing the structure of inverse opal. • Color tuning of CeO 2 :Yb, Er inverse opal was realized by inhibition of UC emission. • Two-photon excitation processes were observed in CeO 2 :Yb, Er inverse opal. -- Abstract: Infrared to visible upconversion luminescence has been investigated in Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped CeO 2 inverse opal. Under the excitation of 980 nm diode lasers, visible emissions centered at 525, 547, 561, 660 and 680 nm are observed, which are assigned to the Er 3+ transitions of 2 H 11/2 → 4 I 15/2 (525 nm), 4 S 3/2 → 4 I 15/2 (547, 561 nm), 4 F 9/2 → 4 I 15/2 (660 and 680 nm), respectively. The effect of photonic band gap on the upconversion luminescence intensity was also obtained. Additionally, the upconversion luminescence mechanism was studied. The dependence of Er 3+ upconversion emission intensity on pump power reveals that it is a two-photon excitation process

  13. Upconversion luminescence of Er3+/Yb3+ doped Sr5(PO4)3OH phosphor powders

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mokoena, P. P.; Swart, H. C.; Ntwaeaborwa, O. M.

    2018-04-01

    Sr5(PO4)3OH co-doped with Er3+and Yb3+ powder phosphors were synthesized by urea combustion method. The crystal structure was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particle morphology was analyzed using a Jeol JSM 7800F thermal field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and the chemical composition analysis was carried out using an Oxford Instruments AzTEC energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) attached to the FE-SEM. Upconversion emission was measured by using a FLS980 Spectrometer equipped with a 980 nm NIR laser as the excitation source, and a photomultiplier (PMT) detector. The XRD data of the Sr5(PO4)3OH powder exhibited characteristic diffraction patterns of the hexagonal structure referenced in the standard JCPDS card number 00-033-1348. The sharp peaks revealed the formation of crystalline Sr5(PO4)3OH. The powders were made up of hexagonal nanospheres. The enhanced red emission due to the 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transitions of Er3+ was observed and was attributed to up conversion (UC) energy transfer from Yb3+. The upconversion energy transfer mechanism from Yb3+ to Er3+ is discussed.

  14. Biocompatible Er, Yb co-doped fluoroapatite upconversion nanoparticles for imaging applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anjana, R.; K. M., Kurias; M. K., Jayaraj

    2017-08-01

    Upconversion luminescence, visible emission on infra red (IR) excitation was achieved in a biocompatible material, fluoroapatite. Fluoroapatite crystals are well known biomaterials, which is a component of tooth enamel. Also it can be considered as an excellent host material for lanthanide doping since the ionic radii of lanthanide is similar to that of calcium ion(Ca2+) hence successful incorporation of dopants within the lattice is possible. Erbium (Er), Ytterbium (Yb) co-doped fluorapatite (FAp) nanoparticles were prepared by precipitation method. The particles show intense visible emission when excited with 980 nm laser. Since upconversion luminescence is a multiphoton process the excitation power dependence on emission will give number of photons involved in the emission of single photon. Excitation power dependence studies show that two photons are involved in the emission of single photons. The value of slope was different for different emission peak because of the difference in intermediate energy level involved. The crystal structure and morphology of the particle were determined using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). These particles with surface functionalisation can be used for live cell imaging.

  15. Electron spin resonance in Yb-based Kondo-lattice systems; Elektronenspinresonanz in Yb-basierten Kondogitter-Systemen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wykhoff, Jan

    2010-07-07

    The systems Yb{sub 1-w}A{sub 1-w}(Rh{sub 1-x}Co{sub x})(Si{sub 1-y}Ge{sub y}){sub 2} with A=La respectively Lu, as well as YbIr{sub 2}Si{sub 2} are studied. The measurements are presented sortedly for systems, dopings, and external parameters. Beside these external parameters furthermore the orientation of the sample related to the quasistatic magnetic field and the microwave magnetic field was varied.

  16. Testing of a femtosecond pulse laser in outer space

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Joohyung; Lee, Keunwoo; Jang, Yoon-Soo; Jang, Heesuk; Han, Seongheum; Lee, Sang-Hyun; Kang, Kyung-In; Lim, Chul-Woo; Kim, Young-Jin; Kim, Seung-Woo

    2014-01-01

    We report a test operation of an Er-doped fibre femtosecond laser which was conducted for the first time in outer space. The fibre-based ultrashort pulse laser payload was designed to meet space-use requirements, undergone through ground qualification tests and finally launched into a low-earth orbit early in 2013. Test results obtained during a one-year mission lifetime confirmed stable mode-locking all the way through although the radiation induced attenuation (RIA) in the Er-doped gain fibre caused an 8.6% reduction in the output power. This successful test operation would help facilitate diverse scientific and technological applications of femtosecond lasers in space and earth atmosphere in the near future. PMID:24875665

  17. Thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence properties of nanocrystalline Er3+ and Yb3+ doped Y3Al5O12 exposed to β-rays

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    RodrIguez, R A; Rosa, E de la; Salas, P; Melendrez, R; Barboza-Flores, M

    2005-01-01

    The thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) characterization of Er 3+ and Yb 3+ doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 nanocrystalline samples prepared by the precipitation process and exposed to β-rays are discussed. The TL as well as the OSL were two orders of magnitude higher in Er 3+ doped than in Yb 3+ specimens. The charge trapping and the radiative thermally stimulated recombination processes in Y 3 Al 5 O 12 : Er 3+ involve four trapping states at 166, 243, 342 and 424 deg. C, but just two trapping levels at 219 and 413 deg. C for Y 3 Al 5 O 12 : Yb 3+ at a heating rate of 10 deg. C s -1 . The photostimulation with 470 nm light causes in both phosphors a radiative recombination of the optically free charge carriers belonging to the same trapping states. The TL and the OSL as a function of radiation dose behaviour were linear in the 10-100 Gy dose range. The results provide evidence of the potential uses of these materials in radiation storage and dosimeter devices

  18. Direct writing Eu3+-doped Ba2TiSi2O8 crystalline pattern by femtosecond laser irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhu Bin; Dai Ye; Ma Hongliang; Zhang Songmin; Qiu Jianrong

    2008-01-01

    A femtosecond laser with 800 nm, 250 kHz and 150 fs has been used to irradiate Eu 3+ -doped BaO-TiO 2 -SiO 2 glasses. It is found from micro-Raman spectra and optical microscope that crystalline dots and lines are formed around the focal point of the femtosecond laser beam. Both blue emission at 400 nm due to the second harmonic generation and red emission due to the transitions of Eu 3+ are observed from the irradiation region with the precipitation of Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 crystal. The mechanism of the observed phenomenon is discussed

  19. Sol-Gel Derived Active Material for Yb Thin-Disk Lasers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Almeida, Rui M; Ribeiro, Tiago; Santos, Luís F

    2017-09-02

    A ytterbium doped active material for thin-disk laser was developed based on aluminosilicate and phosphosilicate glass matrices containing up to 30 mol% YbO 1.5 . Thick films and bulk samples were prepared by sol-gel processing. The structural nature of the base material was assessed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and the film morphology was evidenced by scanning electron microscopy. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of different compositions, including emission spectra and lifetimes, were also studied. Er 3+ was used as an internal reference to compare the intensities of the Yb 3+ PL peaks at ~ 1020 nm. The Yb 3+ PL lifetimes were found to vary between 1.0 and 0.5 ms when the Yb concentration increased from 3 to 30 mol%. Based on a figure of merit, the best active material selected was the aluminosilicate glass composition 71 SiO₂-14 AlO 1.5 -15 YbO 1.5 (in mol%). An active disk, ~ 36 μm thick, consisting of a Bragg mirror, an aluminosilicate layer doped with 15 mol% Yb and an anti-reflective coating, was fabricated.

  20. Modulations of anisotropic optical transmission on alumina-doped zinc oxide surface by femtosecond laser induced ripples

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Yanhui; Jiang, Lan; Sun, Jingya; Cao, Qiang; Wang, Qingsong; Han, Weina; Lu, Yongfeng

    2018-04-01

    This study demonstrated that femtosecond-laser-induced ripples on an alumina-doped zinc oxide (AZO) film with space intervals of approximately 340 and 660 nm exhibit modulations of anisotropic optical transmission. At low laser fluence, ripples can not affect the original absorption peak of AZO film, but at higher laser fluence, the absorption peak of AZO film is disappeared due to the modulation by femtosecond laser induced ripples. Moreover, the relationship between the anisotropic optical transmission and the features of nanostructures is discussed. Ripples with a space interval of approximately 660 nm have a higher ability to block light than nanostructures with a space interval of approximately 340 nm. These observations indicate that anisotropic optical transmission has potential applications in the field of optoelectronics.

  1. Growth of Yb3+-doped Y2O3 single crystal rods by the micro-pulling-down method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mun, J.H.; Novoselov, A.; Yoshikawa, A.; Boulon, G.; Fukuda, T.

    2005-01-01

    The rare-earth sesquioxides (RE 2 O 3 , RE = Lu, Y and Sc) are very promising host crystals for advanced laser diode (LD)-pumped Yb 3+ -doped solid-state lasers due to unusual combination, almost unique of favourable structural, thermal and spectroscopic properties which are described. In spite of these favourable properties, the bulk single crystal growth technology for the rare-earth sesquioxides has not been established yet. The extremely high melting temperature at around 2400 deg. C has prevented it. However, we shall show that yttrium oxide crystals (Yb x Y 1-x ) 2 O 3 , x = 0.0, 0.005, 0.05, 0.08 and 0.15 of cylindrical shape as laser rods with 4.2 mm in diameter and 15-20 mm in length have been grown from rhenium crucibles by the micro-pulling-down method. The crystal quality characterisation of undoped Y 2 O 3 crystal was determined using X-ray rocking curve (XRC) analysis. Yb were homogeneously distributed in Y 2 O 3 host crystal

  2. Infrared emissions in MgSrAl10O17:Er3+ phosphor co-doped with Yb3+/Ba2+/Ca2+ obtained by solution combustion route

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Singh, Vijay; Kumar Rai, Vineet; Venkatramu, V.; Chakradhar, R.P.S.; Hwan Kim, Sang

    2013-01-01

    An intense infrared emitting MgSrAl 10 O 17 :Er 3+ phosphor co-doped with Yb 3+ , Ba 2+ and Ca 2+ ions have been prepared by a solution combustion method. Phase purity of the derived compounds was confirmed by X-ray diffraction technique. The vibrational properties of MgSrAl 10 O 17 phosphor was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The broad and strong infrared emission of Er 3+ ions at around 1.53 μm was observed upon excitation at 980 nm. Effect of co-doping with the Yb 3+ , Ba 2+ and Ca 2+ ions on the infrared luminescence intensity of Er 3+ ions and the mechanism responsible for the variation in the infrared intensity have been discussed. The results indicate that these materials may be suitable for the optical telecommunication window and wavelength division multiplexing applications. - Highlights: ► The hexagonal phase of MgSrAl 10 O 17 could be obtained by the low temperature combustion method. ► The broad and strong infrared emission of Er 3+ ions at around 1.53 μm was observed. ► Effect of co-doping with the Yb 3+ , Ba 2+ and Ca 2+ ions on the infrared luminescence intensity of Er 3+ were reported.

  3. Energy transfer processes in Yb{sup 3+}-Tm{sup 3+} co-doped sodium alumino-phosphate glasses with improved 1.8 {mu}m emission

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Camargo, Andrea S S de; Terra, Idelma A A; Nunes, Luiz Antonio de O; Li, M Siu [Instituto de Fisica de Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 13560-970, Sao Carlos-SP (Brazil)], E-mail: andreasc@ifsc.usp.br

    2008-06-25

    Sodium alumino-phosphate glasses co-doped with Yb{sup 3+} and Tm{sup 3+} ions have been prepared with notably low OH{sup -} content, and characterized from the viewpoint of their spectroscopic properties. In these glasses, Yb{sup 3+} acts as an efficient sensitizer of excitation energy at 0.98 {mu}m-which can be provided by high power and low cost diode lasers, and subsequently undergoes non-resonant energy transfer to Tm{sup 3+} ions ({sup 2}F{sub 5/2}, {sup 3}H{sub 6} {yields} {sup 2}F{sub 7/2}, {sup 3}H{sub 5}). Through this process, the emitting level {sup 3}F{sub 4} is rapidly populated, generating improved emission at 1.8 {mu}m ({sup 3}F{sub 4} {yields} {sup 3}H{sub 6}). In order to guarantee the efficiency of such favorable energy transfer, energy losses via multiphonon decay, Yb-Yb radiative trapping, and non-radiative transfer to OH{sup -} groups were evaluated, and minimized when possible. The dipole-dipole energy transfer microscopic parameters corresponding to Yb{sup 3+} {yields} Tm{sup 3+}, Yb{sup 3+} {yields} Yb{sup 3+} and Tm{sup 3+} {yields} Tm{sup 3+} transfers, calculated by the Foerster-Dexter model, are C{sub Yb-Tm} = 2.9 x 10{sup -40} cm{sup 6} s{sup -1}, C{sub Yb-Yb} = 42 x 10{sup -40} cm{sup 6} s{sup -1} and C{sub Tm-Tm} = 43 x 10{sup -40} cm{sup 6} s{sup -1}, respectively.

  4. Spectral and laser properties of Er3+/Yb3+/Ce3+ tri-doped Ca3NbGa3Si2O14 crystal at 1.55 µm

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gong, Guoliang; Chen, Yujin; Lin, Yanfu; Huang, Jianhua; Gong, Xinghong; Luo, Zundu; Huang, Yidong

    2018-04-01

    An Er3+/Yb3+/Ce3+ tri-doped Ca3NbGa3Si2O14 (CNGS) crystal was grown by the Czochralski method. Spectral properties of the crystal, including the polarized absorption and fluorescence spectra, the fluorescence decay, as well as the energy transfer efficiency from Yb3+ to Er3+ were investigated in detail. End-pumped by a 976 nm diode laser, a 1556 nm continuous-wave laser with a maximum output power of 202 mW and a slope efficiency of 11.4% was achieved in the Er,Yb,Ce:CNGS crystal. The results indicate the Er,Yb,Ce:CNGS crystal is a promising 1.55 µm laser gain medium.

  5. Spatially selective Er/Yb-doped CaF2 crystal formation by CO2 laser exposure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Dong-Seon; Lee, Jin-Ho; Lim, Ki-Soo

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • Oxyfluoride glass–ceramics containing CaF 2 nanocrystals doped with Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ions were formed on the glass surface by CO 2 laser and a heat gun exposure. • Most of Er and Yb ions were distributed inside CaF 2 nanocrystals and fluorine loss was observed in the EDS element maps. • IR-to-VIS upconversion emission efficiency of laser annealed glass ceramics was much increased and compared with that of the furnace-annealed glass ceramics. • Distributed volume of the glass ceramics were estimated by a confocal fluorescence microscope imaging. - Abstract: We report the glass–ceramic precipitation on the oxyfluoride glass surface by spatially selective annealing with a CO 2 laser and a heat gun exposure. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of major CaF 2 and miner Ca 2 SiO 4 nanoparticles. We observed ∼100 nm nanoparticle aggregation by tunneling electron microscopy and element distribution in glass and crystal phases. Spatial distribution of glass ceramics near the glass surface was probed by confocal fluorescence microscope by using much enhanced emission from the Er ions in the laser-treated area. Strong emissions at 365 nm excitation and visible up-conversion emissions at 980 nm excitation also indicated well incorporation of Er and Yb ions into a crystalline environment

  6. Spatially selective Er/Yb-doped CaF2 crystal formation by CO2 laser exposure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Dong-Seon; Lee, Jin-Ho; Lim, Ki-Soo

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • Oxyfluoride glass–ceramics containing CaF 2 nanocrystals doped with Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ions were formed on the glass surface by CO 2 laser and a heat gun exposure. • Most of Er and Yb ions were distributed inside CaF 2 nanocrystals and fluorine loss was observed in the EDS element maps. • IR-to-VIS upconversion emission efficiency of laser annealed glass ceramics was much increased and compared with that of the furnace-annealed glass ceramics. • Distributed volume of the glass ceramics were estimated by a confocal fluorescence microscope imaging. - Abstract: We report the glass–ceramic precipitation on the oxyfluoride glass surface by spatially selective annealing with a CO 2 laser and a heat gun exposure. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of major CaF 2 and miner Ca 2 SiO 4 nanoparticles. We observed ∼100 nm nanoparticle aggregation by tunneling electron microscopy and element distribution in glass and crystal phases. Spatial distribution of glass ceramics near the glass surface was probed by confocal fluorescence microscope by using much enhanced emission from the Er ions in the laser-treated area. Strong emissions at 365 nm excitation and visible up-conversion emissions at 980 nm excitation also indicated well incorporation of Er and Yb ions into a crystalline environment

  7. All-fiber nonlinearity- and dispersion-managed dissipative soliton nanotube mode-locked laser

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, Z. [Department of Physics, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara (Turkey); Nanjing University of Posts and Communications, Nanjing 210003 (China); Popa, D., E-mail: dp387@cam.ac.uk; Wittwer, V. J.; Milana, S.; Hasan, T.; Jiang, Z.; Ferrari, A. C. [Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA (United Kingdom); Ilday, F. Ö. [Department of Physics, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara (Turkey); Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara (Turkey)

    2015-12-14

    We report dissipative soliton generation from an Yb-doped all-fiber nonlinearity- and dispersion-managed nanotube mode-locked laser. A simple all-fiber ring cavity exploits a photonic crystal fiber for both nonlinearity enhancement and dispersion compensation. The laser generates stable dissipative solitons with large linear chirp in the net normal dispersion regime. Pulses that are 8.7 ps long are externally compressed to 118 fs, outperforming current nanotube-based Yb-doped fiber laser designs.

  8. Spectral properties and laser performances of Yb3+:LaCa4O(BO3)3 crystal with high concentration doping

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ji, Yuexia; Cao, Jiafeng; Xu, Jinlong; You, Zhenyu; Zhu, Zhaojie; Li, Jianfu; Wang, Yan; Tu, Chaoyang

    2013-01-01

    Highlights: •Yb 3+ :LaCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 single crystal was grown with high concentration doping. •Laser potentiality was evaluated based on the spectral and laser parameters. •Continuous wave laser operation was realized. •An output power of 0.77 W and a slope efficiency of 15.71% at 1077 nm were obtained. •The spectra and laser properties of Yb 3+ :LaCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 crystal were firstly reported. -- Abstract: High concentration of 15 at.% Yb 3+ doped LaCa 4 O(BO 3 ) 3 (LaCOB) crystal was grown by Czochralski technique. The absorption cross section was conclulated to be 0.63 × 10 −20 cm 2 at 977 nm and the emission cross section to be 0.39 × 10 −20 cm 2 at 1030 nm, with the FWHM of 6.15 and 33 nm respectively. Laser potentiality was evaluated based on the gain cross section σ g , the minimum inversion fraction β min and the minimum pump intensity I min , which were calculated to be 0.18 × 10 −20 cm 2 , 0.05 and 0.47 kw/cm 2 , respectively. Continuous wave laser operation was realized with an output power of 0.77 W and a slope efficiency of 15.71%. The laser emitted around 1077 nm. The radiation trapping and continuous pump mode are contributed to the lasing wavelength for present crystal

  9. Yb-doped phosphate double-cladding optical fiber for high-power laser applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mura, E.; Scarpignato, G. C.; Lousteau, J.; Boetti, N. G.; Abrate, S.; Milanese, D.

    2013-02-01

    A Yb-doped phosphate glass double cladding optical fiber was prepared using a custom designed glass composition (P2O5 - Al2O3 - Li2O - B2O3 - BaO - PbO - La2O3) for high-power amplifier and laser applications. The preform drawing method was followed, with the preform being fabricated using the rotational casting technique. This technique, previously developed for tellurite, fluoride or chalcogenide glass preforms is reported for the first time using rare earth doped phosphate glasses. The main challenge was to design an adequate numerical aperture between first and second cladding while maintaining similar thermo-mechanical properties in view of the fiber drawing process. The preform used for the fiber drawing was produced by rod-in-tube technique at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm. The rotational casting technique allowed the manufacturing of an optical fiber featuring high quality interfaces between core and internal cladding and between the internal and external cladding, respectively. Loss attenuation was measured using the cut-back method and lasing was demonstrated at 1022 nm by core pumping with a fiber pigtailed laser diode at the wavelength of 976 nm.

  10. LD-cladding-pumped 50 pm linewidth Tm 3+ -doped silica fiber laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yunjun, Zhang; Baoquan, Yao; Youlun, Ju; Hui, Zhou; Yuezhu, Wang

    2008-05-26

    We report on a Tm(3+)-doped fiber laser source operating at 1936.4 nm with a very narrow linewidth (50 pm) laser output. Up to 2.4 W cw laser power was obtained from an 82 cm long Tm(3+)-doped multimode-core fiber cladding pumped by a 792 nm laser diode (LD). The fiber laser cavity included a high-reflective dichroic and a low-reflective FBG output coupler. The multimode fiber Bragg grating (FBG) transmission spectrum and output laser spectrum were measured. By adjusting the distance between the dichroic and the Tm(3+)-doped fiber end, the multipeak laser spectrum changed to a single-peak laser spectrum.

  11. Multielement (P-Yb-Zr-Ce-Al-Ca) fiber for moderate-power laser application with enhanced photodarkening resistivity

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dhar, Anirban; Paul, Mukul Chandra [CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032 (India); Das, Shyamal; Reddy, Pinninty Harshavardhan; Siddiki, Salim H.; Dutta, Debjit; Pal, Mrinmay [Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CGCRI Campus, Kolkata 700 032 (India); Kir' yanov, Alexander V. [Centro de Investigaciones en Optica, Loma del Bosque 115, Col. Lomas del Campestre, Leon 37150, Guanajuato (Mexico)

    2017-06-15

    Multielement (ME) (P-Yb-Zr-Ce-Al-Ca) nanophase separated silica-glass-based optical fiber is fabricated through a conventional-modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) process, coupled with solution doping technique. The lasing and photodarkening behaviors of this ME fiber have been demonstrated and compared, in terms of its photodarkening (PD) performance at moderate pump powers (tens of Watts), with standard Yb-doped fiber with phospho-alumino-silicate (PAS) glass composition, which clearly reveals that the ME-Yb doped fiber is a promising candidate for laser applications with enhanced PD resistivity. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  12. Up conversion luminescence of Yb3+–Er3+ codoped CeO2 nanocrystals with imaging applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cho, Jung-Hyun; Bass, Michael; Babu, Suresh; Dowding, Janet M.; Self, William T.; Seal, Sudipta

    2012-01-01

    The effects of Yb 3+ doping on up conversion in Yb 3+ –Er 3+ co-doped cerium oxide nanocrystals are reported. Green emission around 545 and 560 nm attributed to the 2 H 11/2 , 4 S 3/2 → 4 I 15/2 transitions and red emission around 660 and 680 nm due to 4 F 9/2 → 4 I 15/2 transitions under 975 nm excitation were studied at room temperature. Both green and red emission intensities increase as the Yb 3+ concentration increases from 0%. Emission strength starts to decrease after the Yb 3+ concentration exceeds a critical amount. The green emission strength peaks around 1% Yb 3+ concentration while the red emission strength peaks around 4%. An explanation of competition between different decay mechanisms is presented to account for the luminescence dependence on Yb 3+ concentration. Also, the application of up converting nanoparticles in biomedical imaging is demonstrated. - Highlights: ► Up conversion in Yb 3+ –Er 3+ co-doped cerium oxide nanocrystals. ► Different decay mechanisms determine luminescence efficiency. ► Up converting nanoparticles in biomedical imaging is demonstrated.

  13. Multifunctional Eu3+- and Er3+/Yb3+-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles synthesized by reverse micelle method

    OpenAIRE

    Gavrilović, Tamara V.; Jovanović, Dragana J.; Lojpur, Vesna; Dramićanin, Miroslav D.

    2014-01-01

    Synthesis of Eu3+- and Er3+/Yb3+-doped GdVO4 nanoparticles in reverse micelles and their multifunctional luminescence properties are presented. Using cyclohexane, Triton X-100, and n-pentanol as the oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively, crystalline nanoparticles with ~4 nm diameter are prepared at low temperatures. The particle size assessed using transmission electron microscopy is similar to the crystallite size obtained from X-ray diffraction measurements, suggesting that each ...

  14. Investigating the evolution of local structure around Er and Yb in ZnO:Er and ZnO:Er, Yb on annealing using X-ray absorption spectroscopy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anjana, R.; Jayaraj, M. K.; Yadav, A. K.; Jha, S. N.; Bhattacharyya, D.

    2018-04-01

    The local structure around Er and Yb centre in ZnO favouring upconversion luminescence was studied using EXAFS (Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy). Due to the ionic radii difference between Zn and Er, Yb ions, the dopants cannot replace Zn in the ZnO lattice properly. Er2O3 and Yb2O3 impurity phases are formed at the grain boundaries of ZnO. It is found that the local structure around the Er centre in ZnO is modified on annealing in air. The symmetry around both erbium and ytterbium reduces with increase in annealing temperature. Symmetry reduction will favour the intra-4f transition and the energy transitions causing upconversion luminescence. By fitting the EXAFS data with theoretically simulated data, it is found that the Er centre forms a local structure similar to C4ν symmetry which is a distorted octahedron. On annealing the sample to 1200 °C, all the erbium centres are transformed to C4ν symmetry causing enhanced upconversion emission. Yb centre has also been modified on annealing. The decrease in co-ordination number with annealing temperature will decrease the symmetry and increase the near infrared absorption cross section. The decrease in symmetry around both the erbium and ytterbium centre and formation of C4ν symmetry around Er centre is the reason behind the activation of upconversion luminescence with high temperature annealing in both Er doped and Er, Yb co-doped ZnO samples. The study will be useful for the synthesis of high efficiency upconversion materials.

  15. Spectroscopic investigation of zinc tellurite glasses doped with Yb(3+) and Er(3+) ions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bilir, Gökhan; Kaya, Ayfer; Cinkaya, Hatun; Eryürek, Gönül

    2016-08-05

    This paper presents a detailed spectroscopic investigation of zinc tellurite glasses with the compositions (0.80-x-y) TeO2+(0.20) ZnO+xEr2O3+yYb2O3 (x=0, y=0; x=0.004, y=0; x=0, y=0.05 and x=0.004, y=0.05 per moles). The samples were synthesized by the conventional melt quenching method. The optical absorption and emission measurements were conducted at room temperature to determine the spectral properties of lanthanides doped zinc tellurite glasses and, to study the energy transfer processes between dopant lanthanide ions. The band gap energies for both direct and indirect possible transitions and the Urbach energies were measured from the absorption spectra. The absorption spectra of the samples were analyzed by using the Judd-Ofelt approach. The effect of the ytterbium ions on the emission properties of erbium ions was investigated and the energy transfer processes between dopant ions were studied by measuring the up-conversion emission properties of the materials. The color quality parameters of obtained visible up-conversion emission were also determined as well as possibility of using the Er(3+) glasses as erbium doped fiber amplifiers at 1.55μm in infrared emission region. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. Characterization of the lasing properties of a 5%Yb doped Lu.sub.2./sub.SiO.sub.5./sub. crystal along its three optical axes

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Toci, G.; Pirri, A.; Beitlerová, Alena; Shoji, Y.; Yoshikawa, A.; Hybler, Jiří; Nikl, Martin; Vannini, M.

    2015-01-01

    Roč. 23, č. 10 (2015), s. 13210-13221 ISSN 1094-4087 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : Lu 2 SiO 5 * Yb-doped * laser Subject RIV: BH - Optics, Masers, Lasers Impact factor: 3.148, year: 2015

  17. Up-conversion emission of Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+}co-doped BaBi{sub 2}Nb{sub 2}O{sub 9} (BBN) phosphors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Façanha, M.X., E-mail: marcello.facanha@uece.br [Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil); Faculdade de Educação de Crateús (FAEC), Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil); Laboratório de Telecomunicações e Ciências e Engenharia de Materiais (LOCEM), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil); Nascimento, J.P.C. do [Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil); Laboratório de Telecomunicações e Ciências e Engenharia de Materiais (LOCEM), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil); Silva, M.A.S., E-mail: marceloassilva@yahoo.com.br [Laboratório de Telecomunicações e Ciências e Engenharia de Materiais (LOCEM), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil); and others

    2017-03-15

    On this paper, polycrystalline samples of the tetragonal systems BaBi{sub 2}Nb{sub 2}O{sub 9} (BBN) and BBN co-doped with Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} (BBN: 0.04Er{sup 3+}yYb{sup 3+}, where y=0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08 mol%) were synthesized by the solid state method. The crystalline structure and photoluminescent properties of the ceramic phosphors were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman spectroscopy and spectral analysis of up-conversion (UC) emission. The results reveal that all compositions crystallize in the I4/mmm space group at room temperature, and show UC green emissions (centered at 525 nm and 550 nm) and red (around 660 nm) coming from ({sup 2}H{sub 11/2}, {sup 4}S{sub 3/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2}) and ({sup 4}F{sub 9/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2}) transitions, respectively, under excitation at 980 nm. Increasing variations of the Yb{sup 3+} sensitizer concentration in the host BBN, lead to a significant intensity increase in both UC emissions due to the efficiency of the energy-transfer process. The BBN: 0.04 mol%Er{sup 3+}0.08 mol%Yb{sup 3+} composition showed the higher intensity bands, thus establishing the BBN as an alternative host material for luminescent centers.

  18. Growth and continuous-wave laser operation of disordered crystals of Yb3+:NaLa(WO4)2 and Yb3+:NaLa(MoO4)2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, J.; Cano-Torres, J. M.; Cascales, C.; Esteban-Betegón, F.; Serrano, M. D.; Volkov, V.; Zaldo, C.; Rico, M.; Griebner, U.; Petrov, V.

    2005-03-01

    Single crystals of disordered NaLa(WO4)2 and NaLa(MoO4)2 doped with Yb3+ are grown by the Czochralski method from the melt. Continuous-wave laser operation with Ti:sapphire laser pumping is demonstrated at room temperature without special cooling. Tunability from 1017 to 1057 nm and from 1015 to 1053 nm is achieved for Yb:NaLa(WO4)2 and Yb:NaLa(MoO4)2, respectively. A maximum output power of 205 mW is obtained with Yb:NaLa(WO4)2.

  19. Effects of 60 MeV C5+ ion irradiation on PmT-PVC and p-TSA doped PoT-PVC blends

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lakshmi, G.B.V.S.; Siddiqui, Azher M.; Ali, Vazid; Kulriya, Pawan K.; Zulfequar, M.

    2008-01-01

    Poly(m-toluidine) (PmT) and Poly(o-toluidine) (PoT) have been synthesized from derivatives of aniline (m-toluidine), (o-toluidine) monomers by chemical oxidative polymerization method. After polymerization, PoT powder was doped with p-toluene sulphonic acid (p-TSA) and the polymer powders were blended with poly vinyl chloride (PVC) to achieve PmT and p-TSA doped PoT dispersed films. XRD, FTIR and UV-visible studies were carried out to get their structural changes and optical information. These blends were irradiated by 60 MeV C 5+ ions with different fluences. Post Irradiation XRD, FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy were also performed on all films. On p-TSA doped PoT-PVC blends dc-conductivity measurements are also carried out before and after irradiation. The results show structural modifications which lead to changes in optical and electrical properties

  20. Red, green, blue and white light upconversion emission in Yb3+/Tm3+/Ho3+ co-doped tellurite glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Desirena, H; De la Rosa, E; Meza, O; Salas, P

    2011-01-01

    Several Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ /Ho 3+ co-doped transparent TeO 2 -ZnO-Na 2 O-Yb 2 O 3 -Ho 2 O 3 -Tm 2 O 3 glasses were prepared and luminescence properties were characterized. Simultaneous red, green and blue (RGB) emission were obtained after excitation at 970 nm. Colour emission was tuned from multicolour to white light with colour coordinate (0.32, 0.33) matching very well with the white reference (0.33, 0.33). Changes in colour emission were obtained by varying the intensity ratios between RGB bands that are strongly concentration dependent because of the interaction of co-dopants. The colour tunability, high quality of white light and high intensity of the emitted signal make these transparent glasses excellent candidates for applications in solid-state lighting.

  1. Spectral-converting behaviors of Er{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} doped YOCl phosphors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Park, Sangmoon, E-mail: spark@silla.ac.kr [Center for Green Fusion Technology and Department of Engineering in Energy and Applied Chemistry, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Cho, So-Hye [Center for Materials Architecturing, Institute of Multidisciplinary Convergence of Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-650 (Korea, Republic of)

    2014-01-25

    Highlights: • Luminescent materials of YOCl:Er,Yb were prepared using NH{sub 4}Cl flux. • Interesting spectral-converting behaviors were observed in the phosphors. • 980 or 1550 nm diode laser was irradiated for up-converting study. • A multi-photon process in the phosphors was calculated. -- Abstract: Luminescent materials composed of Y{sub 1−m−n}Er{sub m}Yb{sub n}OCl (m = 0.001–0.1, n = 0.005–0.1) were prepared via a solid-state reaction using NH{sub 4}Cl flux. Photoluminescence spectra, the dependence of the luminescent intensity as a function of Er{sup 3+} content, and their CIE coordinates of the Er{sup 3+}-doped layered YOCl compounds were also investigated under near-ultraviolet (NUV) and visible lights. The spectral up-converting properties of Er{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} in YOCl phosphors were elucidated under 980 and 1550 nm diode laser irradiations. This up-conversion emission spectra and the pump power dependence versus emission intensity observed in the Y{sub 0.9}Er{sub 0.1}OCl up-conversion phosphors gave rise to one- and two-photon processes. The up-conversion mechanism of Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} ions in YOCl was described by a schematic energy-level diagram. Through the use of these up-conversion luminescent materials, the desired emitting lights throughout the orange and red regions of the spectra were achieved.

  2. Combined Yb/Nd driver for optical parametric chirped pulse amplifiers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michailovas, Kirilas; Baltuska, Andrius; Pugzlys, Audrius; Smilgevicius, Valerijus; Michailovas, Andrejus; Zaukevicius, Audrius; Danilevicius, Rokas; Frankinas, Saulius; Rusteika, Nerijus

    2016-09-19

    We report on the developed front-end/pump system for optical parametric chirped pulse amplifiers. The system is based on a dual output fiber oscillator/power amplifier which seeds and assures all-optical synchronization of femtosecond Yb and picosecond Nd laser amplifiers operating at a central wavelength of 1030 nm and 1064 nm, respectively. At the central wavelength of 1030 nm, the fiber oscillator generates partially stretched 4 ps pulses with the spectrum supporting a scaling currently is prevented by limited dimensions of the diffraction gratings, which, because of the fast progress in MLD grating manufacturing technologies is only a temporary obstacle.

  3. Fiber laser-microscope system for femtosecond photodisruption of biological samples.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yavaş, Seydi; Erdogan, Mutlu; Gürel, Kutan; Ilday, F Ömer; Eldeniz, Y Burak; Tazebay, Uygar H

    2012-03-01

    We report on the development of a ultrafast fiber laser-microscope system for femtosecond photodisruption of biological targets. A mode-locked Yb-fiber laser oscillator generates few-nJ pulses at 32.7 MHz repetition rate, amplified up to ∼125 nJ at 1030 nm. Following dechirping in a grating compressor, ∼240 fs-long pulses are delivered to the sample through a diffraction-limited microscope, which allows real-time imaging and control. The laser can generate arbitrary pulse patterns, formed by two acousto-optic modulators (AOM) controlled by a custom-developed field-programmable gate array (FPGA) controller. This capability opens the route to fine optimization of the ablation processes and management of thermal effects. Sample position, exposure time and imaging are all computerized. The capability of the system to perform femtosecond photodisruption is demonstrated through experiments on tissue and individual cells.

  4. Synthesis and up-conversion emissions of Yb3+/Er3+, Yb3+/Tm3+

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    42

    which has received considerable attention for material studies [25-28]. ... Though the energy gap between the ground state 8S7/2 and the first excited state 6P7/2 of ... XRD pattern (Figure 1a) of the 20 mol% Yb3+, 2 mol% Er3+ co-doped ...

  5. Growth and spectroscopic properties of Yb{sup 3+}-doped Li{sub 6}Y(BO{sub 3}){sub 3} single crystal

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brenier, A. [Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Materiaux Luminescents, UMR CNRS no 5620, Universite Claude Bernard-Lyon1, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France)]. E-mail: brenier@pcml.univ-lyon1.fr; Yoshikawa, A. [Institute of Multidisciplinary for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980 8577 (Japan); Lebbou, K. [Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Materiaux Luminescents, UMR CNRS no 5620, Universite Claude Bernard-Lyon1, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Jouini, A. [Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Materiaux Luminescents, UMR CNRS no 5620, Universite Claude Bernard-Lyon1, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Institute of Multidisciplinary for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980 8577 (Japan); Aloui-Lebbou, O. [Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Materiaux Luminescents, UMR CNRS no 5620, Universite Claude Bernard-Lyon1, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Boulon, G. [Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Materiaux Luminescents, UMR CNRS no 5620, Universite Claude Bernard-Lyon1, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Institute of Multidisciplinary for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980 8577 (Japan); Fukuda, T. [Institute of Multidisciplinary for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980 8577 (Japan)

    2007-10-15

    The spectroscopic properties of high-quality Czochralski grown 20% Yb{sup 3+}-doped Li{sub 6}Y(BO{sub 3}){sub 3} single crystal as new promising laser material are presented. The crystal was seeded-grown in the <0 1 0> direction and its crystallinity was measured using X-ray rocking curve analysis. Low temperature transmission spectrum exhibits broad bands in a short range of wavelengths and two sharp lines at 972.5 and 978 nm, interpreted as two zero-lines of two nonequivalent Yb{sup 3+} centers inside the lattice. The fluorescence lifetimes associated to these two intense lines are different: 0.867 and 1.33 ms. An attempt of determination of the Stark sublevels energies of the {sup 4}F{sub 5/2} and {sup 4}F{sub 7/2} manifolds of the two Yb{sup 3+} nonequivalent ions is given. The polarized absorption and emission spectra were also recorded at room temperature and we conclude that the most favorable emission line for laser application could be around 1042 nm in n {sub g} polarization.

  6. BaYb2F8, a new radiation hard Cherenkov radiator for electromagnetic calorimeters

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aseev, A.A.; Devitsin, E.G.; Komar, A.A.; Kozlov, V.A.; Hovsepyan, Yu.I.; Potashov, S.Yu.; Sokolovsky, K.A.; Uvarova, T.V.; Vasilchenko, V.G.

    1992-01-01

    Radiation hardness and optical properties of a new Cherenkov radiator, heavy fluoride BaYb 2 F 8 doped with various elements, have been studied. The above mentioned crystal has the density of 7 g/cm 3 , the radiation length is 1.28 cm and the Moliere radius 2.44 cm. High radiation hardness has been demonstrated for BaYb 2 F 8 doped with Tm, Pr, Tb. (orig.)

  7. Bragg grating photo-inscription in doped microstructured polymer optical fiber by 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses.

    OpenAIRE

    Hu, X.; Woyessa, Getinet; Kinet, D.; Janting, Jakob; Nielsen, Kristian; Bang, Ole; Mégret, P.; Caucheteur, C.

    2016-01-01

    In this paper, we report the manufacturing of high-quality endlessly single-mode doped microstructured poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) optical fibers. Bragg gratings are photo-inscribed in such fibers by means of 400 nm femtosecond laser pulses through a 1060-nm-period uniform phase mask. Preliminary results show a rapid growing process of the reflection band. To preserve a good spectral shape, the photo-inscription process was limited to ~20 seconds, yielding an FBG reflectivity close to 40 %.

  8. Fingermark detection on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces using YVO4:Er,Yb luminescent upconverting particles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ma, Rongliang; Shimmon, Ronald; McDonagh, Andrew; Maynard, Philip; Lennard, Chris; Roux, Claude

    2012-04-10

    This article describes the use of an anti-Stokes luminescent material (upconverter), yttrium vanadate doped with ytterbium and erbium (YVO(4):Er,Yb), for the development of latent fingermarks on a range of non-porous surfaces. Anti-Stokes luminescent materials emit light at shorter wavelengths than the excitation wavelength. This property is unusual in both natural and artificial materials commonly found as exhibits in forensic science casework. As a result, fingermark detection techniques based on anti-Stokes luminescence are potentially extremely sensitive and selective. Latent fingermarks on non-luminescent and inherently luminescent substrates, including Australian polymer banknotes (a well-known 'difficult' surface), were developed with YVO(4):Er,Yb by dry powder and wet powder techniques. The effectiveness of YVO(4):Er,Yb for fingermark detection was compared with that of cyanoacrylate fuming and of sodium yttrium tetrafluoride doped with ytterbium and erbium (NaYF(4):Er,Yb). The results illustrate some benefit of luminescent up-converting phosphors over traditional luminescence techniques for the detection of latent fingermarks. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. Combustion synthesis and photoluminescence properties of LaAlO{sub 3} nanophosphors doped with Yb{sup 3+} ions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dhahri, A. [Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux et leurs Applications, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, Technopole de Borj Cedria, B.P. 73, Soliman 8027 (Tunisia); Horchani-Naifer, K., E-mail: karima_horchani@yahoo.com [Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux et leurs Applications, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, Technopole de Borj Cedria, B.P. 73, Soliman 8027 (Tunisia); Benedetti, A. [Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123 Venezia (Italy); Enrichi, F. [CIVEN – Coordinamento Interuniversitario Veneto per le Nanotecnologie, Via Delle Industrie 5, Marghera, Venice 30175 (Italy); Ferid, M. [Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux et leurs Applications, Centre National des Recherches en Sciences des Matériaux, Technopole de Borj Cedria, B.P. 73, Soliman 8027 (Tunisia)

    2014-09-15

    Ytterbium doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO{sub 3}) nanophosphors have been prepared by a combustion process with glycine as a fuel. The structures of the powders were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the morphology of the annealed materials was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the average crystalline grain sizes have been determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence properties using fluorescence spectroscopy. Pure LaAlO{sub 3} phase was obtained at 800 °C heated for 4 h, with an average crystal size, as determined by TEM, of 60 nm. Emission spectra and decay times of main luminescence transitions were measured at room temperature. A strong emission is reported at 986 nm from the ({sup 2}F{sub 5/2}→{sup 2}F{sub 7/2}) transition, whose intensity depends on Yb concentration. - Highlights: • Ytterbium doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO{sub 3}) nanophosphors have been prepared by a combustion process with glycine as a fuel. • Powders were characterized by DRX, FTIR, TEM and fluorescence spectroscopy. • Pure LaAlO{sub 3} phase was obtained at 800 °C heated for 4 h, with an average crystal size of 60 nm. • A strong emission is reported at 986 nm from the ({sup 2}F{sub 5/2}→{sup 2}F{sub 7/2}) transition, whose intensity depends on Yb concentration.

  10. 3 kW single stage all-fiber Yb-doped single-mode fiber laser for highly reflective and highly thermal conductive materials processing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ikoma, S.; Nguyen, H. K.; Kashiwagi, M.; Uchiyama, K.; Shima, K.; Tanaka, D.

    2017-02-01

    A 3 kW single stage all-fiber Yb-doped single-mode fiber laser with bi-directional pumping configuration has been demonstrated. Our newly developed high-power LD modules are employed for a high available pump power of 4.9 kW. The length of the delivery fiber is 20 m which is long enough to be used in most of laser processing machines. An output power of 3 kW was achieved at a pump power of 4.23 kW. The slope efficiency was 70%. SRS was able to be suppressed at the same output power by increasing ratio of backward pump power. The SRS level was improved by 5dB when 57% backward pump ratio was adopted compared with the case of 50%. SRS was 35dB below the laser power at the output power of 3 kW even with a 20-m delivery fiber. The M-squared factor was 1.3. Single-mode beam quality was obtained. To evaluate practical utility of the 3 kW single-mode fiber laser, a Bead-on-Plate (BoP) test onto a pure copper plate was executed. The BoP test onto a copper plate was made without stopping or damaging the laser system. That indicates our high power single-mode fiber lasers can be used practically in processing of materials with high reflectivity and high thermal conductivity.

  11. 75 W 40% efficiency single-mode all-fiber erbium-doped laser cladding pumped at 976 nm.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kotov, L V; Likhachev, M E; Bubnov, M M; Medvedkov, O I; Yashkov, M V; Guryanov, A N; Lhermite, J; Février, S; Cormier, E

    2013-07-01

    Optimization of Yb-free Er-doped fiber for lasers and amplifiers cladding pumped at 976 nm was performed in this Letter. The single-mode fiber design includes an increased core diameter of 34 μm and properly chosen erbium and co-dopant concentrations. We demonstrate an all-fiber high power laser and power amplifier based on this fiber with the record slope efficiency of 40%. To the best of our knowledge, the achieved output power of 75 W is the highest power reported for such lasers.

  12. The upconversion luminescence and magnetism in Yb3+/Ho3+ co-doped LaF3 nanocrystals for potential bimodal imaging

    Science.gov (United States)

    Syamchand, Sasidharanpillai S.; George, Sony

    2016-12-01

    Biocompatible upconversion nanoparticles with multifunctional properties can serve as potential nanoprobes for multimodal imaging. Herein, we report an upconversion nanocrystal based on lanthanum fluoride which is developed to address the imaging modalities, upconversion luminescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lanthanide ions (Yb3+ and Ho3+) doped LaF3 nanocrystals (LaF3 Yb3+/Ho3+) are fabricated through a rapid microwave-assisted synthesis. The hexagonal phase LaF3 nanocrystals exhibit nearly spherical morphology with average diameter of 9.8 nm. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis estimated the doping concentration of Yb3+ and Ho3+ as 3.99 and 0.41%, respectively. The nanocrystals show upconversion luminescence when irradiated with near-infrared (NIR) photons of wavelength 980 nm. The emission spectrum consists of bands centred at 542, 645 and 658 nm. The stronger green emission at 542 nm and the weak red emissions at 645 and 658 nm are assigned to 5S2 → 5I8 and 5F5 → 5I8 transitions of Ho3+, respectively. The pump power dependence of luminescence intensity confirmed the two-photon upconversion process. The nanocrystals exhibit paramagnetism due to the presence of lanthanide ion dopant Ho3+ and the magnetization is 19.81 emu/g at room temperature. The nanocrystals exhibit a longitudinal relaxivity ( r 1) of 0.12 s-1 mM-1 and transverse relaxivity ( r 2) of 28.18 s-1 mM-1, which makes the system suitable for developing T2 MRI contrast agents based on holmium. The LaF3 Yb3+/Ho3+ nanocrystals are surface modified by PEGylation to improve biocompatibility and enhance further functionalisation. The PEGylated nanocrystals are found to be non-toxic up to 50 μg/mL for 48 h of incubation, which is confirmed by the MTT assay as well as morphological studies in HeLa cells. The upconversion luminescence and magnetism together with biocompatibility enables the adaptability of the present system as a nanoprobe for potential

  13. Enhanced exciton emission from ZnO nano-phosphor induced by Yb3+ ions

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Kabongo, GL

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available In this work, the sol–gel method was used to prepare Ytterbium (Yb(sup3+)) doped ZnO nano-phosphors with different concentrations of Yb(sup3+) ions. Their structural, morphological, photoluminescence, electronic states and the chemical composition...

  14. Ridge optical waveguide in an Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glass produced by He+ ion implantation combined with Ar+ ion beam etching

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tan Yang; Chen Feng; Hu Lili; Xing Pengfei; Chen Yanxue; Wang Xuelin; Wang Keming

    2007-01-01

    This paper reports on the fabrication and characterization of a ridge optical waveguide in an Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped phosphate glass. The He + ion implantation (at energy of 2.8 MeV) is first applied onto the sample to produce a planar waveguide substrate, and then Ar + ion beam etching (at energy of 500 eV) is carried out to construct rib stripes on the sample surface that has been deposited by a specially designed photoresist mask. According to a reconstructed refractive index profile of the waveguide cross section, the modal distribution of the waveguide is simulated by applying a computer code based on the beam propagation method, which shows reasonable agreement with the experimentally observed waveguide mode by using the end-face coupling method. Simulation of the incident He ions at 2.8 MeV penetrating into the Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped phosphate glass substrate is also performed to provide helpful information on waveguide formation

  15. Lanthanide-doped Sr2YF7 nanoparticles: controlled synthesis, optical spectroscopy and biodetection

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Yuhan; Tu, Datao; Zheng, Wei; Liu, Yongsheng; Huang, Ping; Ma, En; Li, Renfu; Chen, Xueyuan

    2014-09-01

    Sr2YF7, as an important matrix for trivalent lanthanide (Ln3+) ions to fabricate upconversion (UC) or downshifting (DS) phosphors, has been rarely reported. Herein, monodisperse and size-controllable tetragonal-phase Ln3+-doped Sr2YF7 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via a facile thermal decomposition method. Upon excitation at 980 nm, UC luminescence properties of Sr2YF7:Ln3+/Yb3+ (Ln = Tm, Er) NPs were systematically surveyed. Particularly, after coating an inert Sr2YF7 shell, the UC luminescence intensities of Sr2YF7:Tm3+/Yb3+ and Sr2YF7:Er3+/Yb3+ NPs were enhanced by ~22 and 4 times, respectively. Furthermore, intense multicolor DS luminescence was also achieved in Ce3+/Tb3+ or Eu3+ doped Sr2YF7 NPs, with absolute quantum yields of 55.1% (Tb3+) and 11.2% (Eu3+). The luminescence lifetimes of 5D4 (Tb3+) and 5D0 (Eu3+) were determined to be 3.7 and 8.1 ms, respectively. By utilizing the long-lived luminescence of Ln3+ in these Sr2YF7 NPs, we demonstrated their application as sensitive heterogeneous time-resolved photoluminescence bioprobes to detect the protein of avidin and the tumor marker of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with their limits of detection down to 40.6 and 94.9 pM, and thus reveal the great potential of these Sr2YF7:Ln3+ nanoprobes in cancer diagnosis.Sr2YF7, as an important matrix for trivalent lanthanide (Ln3+) ions to fabricate upconversion (UC) or downshifting (DS) phosphors, has been rarely reported. Herein, monodisperse and size-controllable tetragonal-phase Ln3+-doped Sr2YF7 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via a facile thermal decomposition method. Upon excitation at 980 nm, UC luminescence properties of Sr2YF7:Ln3+/Yb3+ (Ln = Tm, Er) NPs were systematically surveyed. Particularly, after coating an inert Sr2YF7 shell, the UC luminescence intensities of Sr2YF7:Tm3+/Yb3+ and Sr2YF7:Er3+/Yb3+ NPs were enhanced by ~22 and 4 times, respectively. Furthermore, intense multicolor DS luminescence was also achieved in Ce3+/Tb3+ or Eu3

  16. Continuous wave and tunable laser operation of Yb3+ in disordered NaLa(MoO4)2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rico, M.; Liu, J.; Cano-Torres, J. M.; García-Cortés, A.; Cascales, C.; Zaldo, C.; Griebner, U.; Petrov, V.

    2005-09-01

    Continuous-wave Yb3+ laser operation is studied in single crystals of disordered NaLa(MoO4)2 at room temperature. The sample used was grown by the Czochralski technique and incorporates an Yb ion density of 3.1×1020 cm-3. The effect of the Yb concentration on some of the crystal properties is described as well as the spectroscopic Yb3+ properties at 5 K. Maximum slope efficiencies of about 40% for π and 38% for σ polarization were obtained under Ti:sapphire laser pumping near 976 nm, respectively. The maximum output power for the π polarization was 400 mW at 1039.5 nm, the threshold in this case amounted to 240 mW (absorbed pump power). The laser emission was tunable between 1016 and 1064 nm with a Lyot filter. Lasing was also realized by pumping with a fiber-coupled diode laser module. Maximum output power of 900 mW at 1035 nm was achieved in this case for the π polarization and the threshold was 280 mW. The results, in terms of output power and tunability, are superior in comparison to all previous reports on Yb-doped disordered double tungstate or molybdate crystals and represent a significant improvement in comparison to earlier experiments with low-doped Yb:NaLa(MoO4)2.

  17. ZnMoO4:Er3+,Yb3+ phosphor with controlled morphology and enhanced upconversion through alkali ions doping

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luitel, Hom Nath; Chand, Rumi; Watari, Takanori

    2018-04-01

    A facile hydrothermal method was used to synthesize ZnMoO4:Er3+,Yb3+ nanoparticles. The shapes and sizes of the nanoparticles were well tuned by simply monitoring the pH of the starting solution. Microballs consisting of agglomerated nanograins were observed at strong acidic condition. At mild pH, plates and rectangular particles were realized, while strong basic pH stabilized rods. Further increasing pH to extremely basic conditions (pH > 13), rods changed to fragile hairy structures. The nucleation and growth mechanism of nanograins to form different morphology nanoparticles were studied and illustrated. XRD patterns confirmed well crystalline, triclinic structure despite small amount of aliovalent metal ions doping. Under 980 nm excitation, the ZnMoO4:Er3+,Yb3+ nanophosphor exhibited strong green (centered at 530 and 560 nm) and weak red (centered at 660 nm) upconversion (UC) emissions. Substitution of part of the Zn2+ ions by monovalent alkali ions intensified the UC emission intensities drastically. The order of intensification was K+>Na+>Li+>Rb+>no alkali ion. When Zn2+ ions were substituted with 10 at% K+ ions, the green and red UC emissions intensities increased by more than 50 and 15 folds, respectively. Time dependent measurements confirmed efficient Yb to Er energy transfer in the ZnMoO4:Er3+,Yb3+,K+ nanophosphor. The optimized ZnMoO4:Er3+,Yb3+,K+ phosphor exhibited intense UC emissions with 0.31% quantum yield. The upconverted light is visible to naked eye while pumping by laser of less than 1 mW power and opens door for variety of novel applications.

  18. Spatially selective Er/Yb-doped CaF{sub 2} crystal formation by CO{sub 2} laser exposure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Dong-Seon; Lee, Jin-Ho; Lim, Ki-Soo, E-mail: kslim@chungbuk.ac.kr

    2014-10-30

    Highlights: • Oxyfluoride glass–ceramics containing CaF{sub 2} nanocrystals doped with Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} ions were formed on the glass surface by CO{sub 2} laser and a heat gun exposure. • Most of Er and Yb ions were distributed inside CaF{sub 2} nanocrystals and fluorine loss was observed in the EDS element maps. • IR-to-VIS upconversion emission efficiency of laser annealed glass ceramics was much increased and compared with that of the furnace-annealed glass ceramics. • Distributed volume of the glass ceramics were estimated by a confocal fluorescence microscope imaging. - Abstract: We report the glass–ceramic precipitation on the oxyfluoride glass surface by spatially selective annealing with a CO{sub 2} laser and a heat gun exposure. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of major CaF{sub 2} and miner Ca{sub 2}SiO{sub 4} nanoparticles. We observed ∼100 nm nanoparticle aggregation by tunneling electron microscopy and element distribution in glass and crystal phases. Spatial distribution of glass ceramics near the glass surface was probed by confocal fluorescence microscope by using much enhanced emission from the Er ions in the laser-treated area. Strong emissions at 365 nm excitation and visible up-conversion emissions at 980 nm excitation also indicated well incorporation of Er and Yb ions into a crystalline environment.

  19. Spatially selective Er/Yb-doped CaF{sub 2} crystal formation by CO{sub 2} laser exposure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Dong-Seon; Lee, Jin-Ho; Lim, Ki-Soo, E-mail: kslim@chungbuk.ac.kr

    2015-04-15

    Highlights: • Oxyfluoride glass–ceramics containing CaF{sub 2} nanocrystals doped with Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} ions were formed on the glass surface by CO{sub 2} laser and a heat gun exposure. • Most of Er and Yb ions were distributed inside CaF{sub 2} nanocrystals and fluorine loss was observed in the EDS element maps. • IR-to-VIS upconversion emission efficiency of laser annealed glass ceramics was much increased and compared with that of the furnace-annealed glass ceramics. • Distributed volume of the glass ceramics were estimated by a confocal fluorescence microscope imaging. - Abstract: We report the glass–ceramic precipitation on the oxyfluoride glass surface by spatially selective annealing with a CO{sub 2} laser and a heat gun exposure. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of major CaF{sub 2} and miner Ca{sub 2}SiO{sub 4} nanoparticles. We observed ∼100 nm nanoparticle aggregation by tunneling electron microscopy and element distribution in glass and crystal phases. Spatial distribution of glass ceramics near the glass surface was probed by confocal fluorescence microscope by using much enhanced emission from the Er ions in the laser-treated area. Strong emissions at 365 nm excitation and visible up-conversion emissions at 980 nm excitation also indicated well incorporation of Er and Yb ions into a crystalline environment.

  20. Upconversion emission and cathodoluminescence of Er"3"+-doped NaYbF_4 nanoparticles for low-temperature thermometry and field emission displays

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Du, Peng; Yu, Jae Su; Luo, Laihui

    2017-01-01

    The Er"3"+-doped NaYbF_4 nanoparticles were fabricated by a hydrothermal method. The green and red emissions located at around 525, 542 and 657 nm corresponding to the "2H_1_1_/_2 → "4I_1_5_/_2, "4S_3_/_2 → "4I_1_5_/_2 and "4F_9_/_2 → "4I_1_5_/_2 transitions of Er"3"+ ions, respectively, were observed when pumped at 980 nm light. Furthermore, with the help of the fluorescence intensity ratio technique, the thermometric properties of as-prepared products from the thermally coupled "2H_1_1_/_2 and "4S_3_/_2 levels of Er"3"+ ions were studied by analyzing temperature-dependent upconversion (UC) emission spectra. The maximum sensitivity for the Er"3"+-doped NaYbF_4 nanoparticles was found to be around 0.0043 K"- "1 with a temperature range of 93-293 K. In addition, the cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum of the synthesized nanoparticles was nearly the same as the UC emission spectrum and the CL emission intensity did not exhibit saturation with the increase of accelerating voltage and filament current. (orig.)

  1. Al2O3 influence on structural, elastic, thermal properties of Yb(3+) doped Ba-La-tellurite glass: evidence of reduction in self-radiation trapping at 1μm emission.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Balaji, S; Biswas, K; Sontakke, A D; Gupta, G; Ghosh, D; Annapurna, K

    2014-12-10

    Ba-La-tellurite glasses doped with Yb(3+) ions have been prepared through melt quenching technique by modifying their composition with the inclusion of varied concentration of Al2O3 to elucidate its effects on glass structural, elastic, thermal properties and Yb(3+) ion NIR luminescence performance. The FTIR spectral analysis indicates Al2O3 addition is promoting the conversion of BOs from NBOs which have been generated during the process of depolymerisation of main glass forming TeO4 units. The elastic properties of the glass revealed an improved rigidity of the glass network on addition of Al2O3. In concurrence to this, differential thermal analysis showed an increase in glass transition temperature with improved thermal stability factor. Also, Yb(3+) fluorescence dynamics demonstrated that, Al2O3 inclusion helps in restraining the detrimental radiation trapping of ∼1μm emission. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  2. XAFS studies of ytterbium doped lead-telluride

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Radisavljevic, I.; Novakovic, N.; Romcevic, N.; Manasijevic, M.; Mahnke, H.-E.; Ivanovic, N.

    2010-01-01

    X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) measurements were performed on uniformly doped PbTe:Yb (1.3 at.%) at all elemental absorption edges and the analysis of the results has provided precise information on the local structure around each atom. From the near edge part of the absorption spectra it was determined that Yb is in the mixed valent state, which is predominantly divalent with a small trivalent contribution. The analysis of the high energy region of the absorption spectra revealed that Yb incorporation causes deformation of the host PbTe lattice, manifested through extension of all the nearest-, and next-nearest neighbour distances.

  3. A comprehensive phononics of phonon assisted energy transfer in the Yb3+ aided upconversion luminescence of Tm3+ and Ho3+ in solids

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Debnath, Radhaballabh; Bose, Saptasree

    2015-01-01

    The theory of phonon assisted energy transfer is being widely used to explain the Yb 3+ ion aided normal and upconversion emission of various rare earth ions in different Yb 3+ co-doped solids. The reported phonon dynamics in many of these studies are either incomplete or erroneous. Here we report Yb 3+ aided upconversion luminescence properties of Tm 3+ and Ho 3+ in (Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ ) and (Yb 3+ /Ho 3+ ) co-doped two BaO–tellurite glasses and explain their phononics in the light of Dexter's theory by proposing a comprehensive scheme. The approach is valid for other systems of different phonon structures. - Highlights: • Yb 3+ aided upconversion luminescence properties of Tm 3+ and Ho 3+ in (Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ ) and (Yb 3+ /Ho 3+ ) co-doped two BaO–tellurite glasses, are reported. • Phonon assisted energy transfer in these systems are explained in the light of Dexter's theory by proposing a comprehensive scheme of phononics. • The approach is valid for other systems of different phonon structures

  4. Electron spin resonance in Yb-based Kondo-lattice systems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wykhoff, Jan

    2010-01-01

    The systems Yb 1-w A 1-w (Rh 1-x Co x )(Si 1-y Ge y ) 2 with A=La respectively Lu, as well as YbIr 2 Si 2 are studied. The measurements are presented sortedly for systems, dopings, and external parameters. Beside these external parameters furthermore the orientation of the sample related to the quasistatic magnetic field and the microwave magnetic field was varied.

  5. Enhancing upconversion emission of Er, Yb co-doped highly transparent YF3 films by synergistic tuning nano-textured morphology and crystallinity

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qu, Ming-Hao; Wang, Ru-Zhi; Chen, Yan; Zhang, Ying; Li, Kai-Yu; Zhou, Hua; Yan, Hui

    2014-01-01

    Highly transparent Er, Yb codoped YF 3 upconversion films were successfully prepared by electron beam deposition method. The effects of the substrate temperature on the morphology, crystallinity and emission characteristics of Er, Yb codoped YF 3 films were studied carefully. It was found that the morphology and crystallinity varied from smooth amorphous to root-intertwined polycrystalline structure with the substrate temperature increase. Besides, the emission characteristics of the films can be modulated by the synergy of their surface morphologies and crystallinities. Remarkably, a large enhancement of the upconversion emission, up to five decades while only an insignificant decrease of the optical transmittance (10% at most), was achieved by forming root-intertwined polycrystalline structures. These highly transparent upconversion films may have good potential for enhancing the conversion efficiency of wide band-gap solar cells. -- Highlights: • Er, Yb co-dopedYF 3 upconversion films have been successfully prepared. • The upconversion property can be modulated by morphology and crystallinity. • The upconversion transparent YF 3 films are promising for solar cells applications

  6. Bright white upconversion luminescence from Er3+/Tm3+/Yb3+-doped titanate-based glasses prepared by aerodynamic levitation method

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Minghui; Yu, Jianding; Jiang, Wan; Liu, Yan; Ai, Fei; Wen, Haiqin; Jiang, Meng; Yu, Huimei; Pan, Xiuhong; Tang, Meibo; Gai, Lijun

    2017-10-01

    Aerodynamic levitation method was employed to prepare Er3+/Tm3+/Yb3+-doped titanate-based glasses. DTA results show that the glass performs high thermal stability with the glass transition temperature of 799 °C. The interaction among rare earth ions has been discussed by adjusting the relative concentration. Er3+ ions can quench the upconversion luminescence of Tm3+ ions. Tm3+ ions play a strong role in quenching the emissions of Er3+ and Tm3+ when the content of Tm3+ ions is greater than or equal 0.05. From the view of the ratio of red emission to green emission, Tm3+ ions can improve the red emission of Er3+ ions to some extent in contrast with the green emissions of Er3+ ions. 980 nm incident laser can be efficiently absorbed by Yb3+ ions. The relative intensity of red, green, and blue upconversion luminescence has been tuned to obtain white light. The composition with white upconversion luminescence of the color coordinate (0.291, 0.3292) has been found. Moreover, white upconversion luminescence mechanism is a two-photon process of ET, ESA, and cooperative sensitization. Rare earth ions doped titanate-based glasses with bright upconversion luminescence perform potential applications in color display, back light, et al.

  7. Growth and continuous-wave laser operation of disordered crystals of Yb3+:NaLa(WO4)2 and Yb3+:NaLa(MoO4)2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, J.; Rico, M.; Griebner, U.; Petrov, V.; Cano-Torres, J.M.; Cascales, C.; Esteban-Betegon, F.; Serrano, M.D.; Volkov, V.; Zaldo, C.

    2005-01-01

    Single crystals of disordered NaLa(WO 4 ) 2 and NaLa(MoO 4 ) 2 doped with Yb 3+ are grown by the Czochralski method from the melt. Continuous-wave laser operation with Ti:sapphire laser pumping is demonstrated at room temperature without special cooling. Tunability from 1017 to 1057 nm and from 1015 to 1053 nm is achieved for Yb:NaLa(WO 4 ) 2 and Yb:NaLa(MoO 4 ) 2 , respectively. A maximum output power of 205 mW is obtained with Yb:NaLa(WO 4 ) 2 . (copyright 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  8. Luminescence property and emission enhancement of YbAlO3:Mn4+ red phosphor by Mg2+ or Li+ ions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cao, Renping; Luo, Wenjie; Xu, Haidong; Luo, Zhiyang; Hu, Qianglin; Fu, Ting; Peng, Dedong

    2016-03-01

    YbAlO3:Mn4+, YbAlO3:Mn4+, Li+, and YbAlO3:Mn4+, Mg2+ phosphors are synthesized by high temperature solid-state reaction method in air. Their crystal structures and luminescence properties are investigated. Photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectrum monitored at 677 nm contains broad PLE band with three PLE peaks located at ∼318, 395, and 470 nm within the range 220-600 nm. Emission spectra with excitation 318 and 470 nm exhibit three emission band peaks located at ∼645, 677, and 700 nm in the range of 610-800 nm and their corresponding chromaticity coordinates are about (x = 0.6942, y = 0.3057). The possible luminous mechanism of Mn4+ ion is analyzed by the simple energy level diagram of Mn4+ ion. The optimum Mn4+-doped concentration in YbAlO3:Mn4+ phosphor is about 0.4 mol% and the luminescence lifetime of YbAlO3:0.4%Mn4+ phosphor is ∼0.59 ms. Emission intensity of YbAlO3:0.4%Mn4+ phosphor can be enhanced ∼6 times after Mg2+ ion is co-doped and it is ∼2 times when Li+ ion is co-doped. The content in the paper is useful to research new Mn4+-doped luminescence materials and improve luminescence property of other Mn4+-doped phosphors.

  9. Structural, thermal, and optical properties of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped oxyhalide tellurite glasses, glass-ceramics and ceramics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Joshi, C.; Rai, R.N.; Rai, S.B.

    2012-01-01

    Glass-ceramics and ceramics containing nano-crystals of different phases doped with Er 3+ /Yb 3+ ions have been successfully prepared by heat treatment of the precursor oxyhalide glasses synthesized by the melt-quench method. X-ray diffraction patterns and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images verify the precipitation of nano-crystals. Emission of Er 3+ enhances several times when Yb 3+ ion is added with the matrix. The Stark splitting and the intensity of different emission bands increase to a great extent when we approach to ceramics from glasses via glass-ceramics. The intensity of the blue and green emission bands increases much faster than the red and NIR emission bands. Intense upconversion emission observed by the naked eye has been quantified in terms of standard chromaticity diagram (CIE). Power dependence study shows that the upconversion of NIR radiation to visible radiation takes place mainly via photon avalanche (PA) process.

  10. Cathodoluminescence study of ytterbium doped GaSb

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hidalgo, P.; Mendez, B.; Ruiz, C.; Bermudez, V.; Piqueras, J.; Dieguez, E.

    2005-01-01

    Yb-doped GaSb ingots have been grown by the Bridgman method. The defect structure and compositional homogeneity of the crystals have been investigated by cathodoluminescence and X-ray microanalysis in the scanning electron microscope. The nature of the point defects has been found to depend on the position along the growth axis. Doping with Yb has been found to reduce the luminescence intensity of GaSb and no infrared emission related to intra-ionic transitions of the Yb 3+ ions has been detected

  11. Erbium:ytterbium fiber-laser system delivering watt-level femtosecond pulses using divided pulse amplification

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herda, Robert; Zach, Armin

    2015-03-01

    We present an Erbium:Ytterbium codoped fiber-amplifer system based on Divided-Pulses-Amplification (DPA) for ultrashort pulses. The output from a saturable-absorber mode-locked polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber oscillator is amplified in a PM normal-dispersion Erbium-doped fiber. After this stage the pulses are positively chirped and have a duration of 2.0 ps at an average power of 93 mW. A stack of 5 birefringent Yttrium-Vanadate crystals divides these pulses 32 times. We amplify these pulses using a double-clad Erbium:Ytterbium codoped fiber pumped through a multimode fiber combiner. The pulses double pass the amplifier and recombine in the crystals using non-reciprocal polarization 90° rotation by a Faraday rotating mirror. Pulses with a duration of 144 fs are obtained after separation from the input beam using a polarizing beam splitter cube. These pulses have an average power of 1.85 W at a repetition rate of 80 MHz. The generation of femtosecond pulses directly from the amplifier was enabled by a positively chirped seed pulse, normally dispersive Yttrium-Vanadate crystals, and anomalously dispersive amplifier fibers. Efficient frequency doubling to 780 nm with an average power of 725 mW and a pulse duration of 156 fs is demonstrated. In summary we show a DPA setup that enables the generation of femtosecond pulses at watt-level at 1560 nm without the need for further external dechirping and demonstrate a good pulse quality by efficient frequency doubling. Due to the use of PM fiber components and a Faraday rotator the setup is environmentally stable.

  12. Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of ytterbium-doped titania/diatomite composite photocatalysts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tang, Wenjian; Qiu, Kehui; Zhang, Peicong; Yuan, Xiqiang

    2016-01-01

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Yb-doped TiO_2/diatomite composite photocatalysts were prepared by a sol-gel method. • Yb-doped TiO_2/diatomite photocatalysts show much higher photocatalytic activity. • The higher photodegradation rate is due to the effect of diatomite and Yb doping. - Abstract: Ytterbium-doped titanium dioxide (Yb-TiO_2)/diatomite composite materials with different Yb concentrations were prepared by sol–gel method. The phase structure, morphology, and chemical composition of the as-prepared composites were well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis indicated that the TiO_2 existed in the form of pure anatase in the composites. The SEM images exhibited the well deposition and dispersion of TiO_2 nanoparticles with little agglomeration on the surfaces of diatoms. The UV–vis diffuse reflection spectra showed that the band gap of TiO_2 could be narrowed by the introduction of Yb species, which was further affected by doping concentration of Yb. The photocatalytic activity of synthesized samples was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light irradiation. It was observed that the photocatalytic degradation followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. Compared to TiO_2 and TiO_2/diatomite, the Yb-TiO_2/diatomite composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity toward degradation of MB using UV light irradiation.

  13. Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of ytterbium-doped titania/diatomite composite photocatalysts

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tang, Wenjian; Qiu, Kehui; Zhang, Peicong; Yuan, Xiqiang

    2016-01-30

    Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Yb-doped TiO{sub 2}/diatomite composite photocatalysts were prepared by a sol-gel method. • Yb-doped TiO{sub 2}/diatomite photocatalysts show much higher photocatalytic activity. • The higher photodegradation rate is due to the effect of diatomite and Yb doping. - Abstract: Ytterbium-doped titanium dioxide (Yb-TiO{sub 2})/diatomite composite materials with different Yb concentrations were prepared by sol–gel method. The phase structure, morphology, and chemical composition of the as-prepared composites were well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis indicated that the TiO{sub 2} existed in the form of pure anatase in the composites. The SEM images exhibited the well deposition and dispersion of TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles with little agglomeration on the surfaces of diatoms. The UV–vis diffuse reflection spectra showed that the band gap of TiO{sub 2} could be narrowed by the introduction of Yb species, which was further affected by doping concentration of Yb. The photocatalytic activity of synthesized samples was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light irradiation. It was observed that the photocatalytic degradation followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. Compared to TiO{sub 2} and TiO{sub 2}/diatomite, the Yb-TiO{sub 2}/diatomite composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity toward degradation of MB using UV light irradiation.

  14. Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3} hydrothermally-grown single-crystal and ceramic absorption spectra obtained between 298 and 80 K

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Moore, Cheryl A. [Snake Creek Lasers LLC, 26741 State Route 267, Friendsville, PA 18818 (United States); Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973 (United States); Brown, David C., E-mail: dbrown@snakecreeklasers.com [Snake Creek Lasers LLC, 26741 State Route 267, Friendsville, PA 18818 (United States); Sanjeewa, Liurukara D.; McMillen, Colin D.; Kolis, Joseph W. [Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973 (United States)

    2016-06-15

    The hydrothermal growth, doping, and low temperature spectral characterization of Yb doped Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3} was investigated. The absorption of the lutetia-based sesquioxide laser material Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3} at temperatures of 80, 150, 200, 250, and 298 K, in the wavelength range of 850–1100 nm are reported. Data for both single crystal and ceramic Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3} were obtained. The resulting absorption cross-section data will enable the further evaluation of Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3} as a very promising high power cryogenic laser material.

  15. High-beam quality, high-efficiency laser based on fiber with heavily Yb(3+)-doped phosphate core and silica cladding.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egorova, O N; Semjonov, S L; Medvedkov, O I; Astapovich, M S; Okhrimchuk, A G; Galagan, B I; Denker, B I; Sverchkov, S E; Dianov, E M

    2015-08-15

    We have fabricated and tested a composite fiber with an Yb(3+)-doped phosphate glass core and silica cladding. Oscillation with a slope efficiency of 74% was achieved using core pumping at 976 nm with fiber lengths of 48-90 mm in a simple laser configuration, where the cavity was formed by a high-reflectivity Bragg grating and the cleaved fiber end. The measured M(2) factors were as low as 1.05-1.22 even though the fiber was multimode at the lasing wavelength.

  16. Photon up-conversion production in Tb{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} co-doped CaF{sub 2} phosphors prepared by combustion synthesis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rakov, Nikifor, E-mail: nikifor.gomez@univasf.edu.br [PG—Ciência dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 48902-300 Juazeiro, BA (Brazil); Guimarães, Renato B. [Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-346 Niterói, RJ (Brazil); Maciel, Glauco S., E-mail: glauco@if.uff.br [Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-346 Niterói, RJ (Brazil)

    2016-02-15

    Graphical abstract: Up-conversion luminescence from Tb{sup 3+} obtained by energy transfer from Yb{sup 3+} pairs in CaF{sub 2} powder prepared by combustion synthesis. - Highlights: • Calcium fluoride (CaF{sub 2}) powders were prepared by combustion synthesis. • Rare-earth ions doped in this material were found in interstitial sites. • Cooperative up-conversion was observed in Tb{sup 3+}:Yb{sup 3+}:CaF{sub 2} powder. • Energy transfer between Tb{sup 3+} and pairs of Yb{sup 3+} was analyzed using rate equations. - Abstract: Calcium fluoride (CaF{sub 2}) crystalline powders were successfully prepared by the combustion synthesis method. The powder material containing luminescent rare-earth ions, more specifically terbium (Tb{sup 3+}) and ytterbium (Yb{sup 3+}), was studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy and optical spectroscopy. These ions are allocated in charge compensated interstitial positions of tetragonal (C{sub 4v}) and trigonal (C{sub 3v}) symmetry sites of the cubic (O{sub h}) CaF{sub 2} lattice. Up-conversion (UC) luminescence in Tb{sup 3+} was achieved using a low power diode laser operating at 975 nm. Tb{sup 3+} is insensitive to near-infrared radiation but UC can be achieved via energy transfer from pairs of Yb{sup 3+} ions to Tb{sup 3+} ions. The UC luminescence dynamics of Tb{sup 3+} was used to study the energy transfer mechanism.

  17. Synthesis–property relationship in thermoelectric Sr 1− x Yb x TiO 3− δ ceramics

    KAUST Repository

    Bhattacharya, S

    2014-08-22

    The electronic transport properties of a series of Sr1-xYbxTiO3-delta (x = 0.05, 0.1) ceramics are investigated as a function of solid-state reaction (SSR) parameters, specifically calcination steps. It was found that the electrical conductivity (sigma) increases almost by a factor of 6, through the optimization of SSR parameters. The enhancement in the electrical conductivity leads to an enhancement in the thermoelectric power factor by a factor of 3. In addition, the lattice thermal conductivity (k(L)) of the Sr1-xYbxTiO3-delta ceramics is suppressed with increasing Yb-doping, supposedly due to heavier atomic mass of Yb substituted at the Sr site and a smaller ionic radii of Yb+3 with respect to Sr+2 ions. However, our model calculations indicate that strain-field effect, which occurs due to the difference in ionic radii, is the more prominent phonon scattering mechanism in the Yb-doped SrTiO3. This work is an extension of our previous study on the underlying phonon scattering mechanisms in the Y-doped SrTiO3, which would provide new insight into thermal transport in doped SrTiO3 and could be used as a guideline for more effective material synthesis.

  18. Band gap tuning of ZnO nanoparticles via Mg doping by femtosecond laser ablation in liquid environment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chelnokov, E.; Rivoal, M.; Colignon, Y.; Gachet, D.; Bekere, L.; Thibaudau, F.; Giorgio, S.; Khodorkovsky, V.; Marine, W.

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Femtosecond laser ablation synthesis of Mg doped ZnO nanoparticles. ► Electronic properties of ZnO are modified by Mg. ► Band gap and exciton energy shifts to the blue. ► The exciton energy shift is saturated at Mg content of about 20%. ► Phase separation at Mg content is at more than 25%. ► Mechanism of exciton pinning – recombination via new surface states. - Abstract: We use multiphoton IR femtosecond laser ablation to induce non-thermal non-equilibrium conditions of the nanoparticle growth in liquids. Modifications of the electronic properties of ZnO NP were achieved by Mg ion doping of targets prepared from mixtures of Zn and Mg acetylacetonates. The nanoparticle sizes were 3–20 nm depending on the ablation conditions. X-ray fluorescence indicates that stoichiometric ablation and incorporation of Mg in nanocrystalline ZnO occurs. HRTEM observations show that nanoparticles retain their wurtzite structure, while at high Mg concentrations we detect the MgO rich domains. Exciton emissions exhibit relatively narrow bands with progressive and controlled blue shifts up to 184 meV. The exciton energy correlates to band edge absorption indicating strong modification of the NP band gaps. Stabilisation of the exciton blue shift is observed at high Mg concentration. It is accompanied by the formation of structure defects and ZnO/MgO phase separation within the nanoparticles.

  19. Effect of Yb substitution on room temperature magnetic and dielectric properties of bismuth ferrite nanoparticles

    Science.gov (United States)

    Remya, K. P.; Amirthapandian, S.; Manivel Raja, M.; Viswanathan, C.; Ponpandian, N.

    2016-10-01

    Effect of the Yb dopant on the structural, magnetic, and electrical properties of the multiferroic BiFeO3 have been studied. The structural properties of sol-gel derived Bi1-xYbxFeO3 (x = 0.0, 0.1, and 0.2) nanoparticles reveal the formation of a rhombohedrally distorted perovskite in XRD and a reduction in the average grain size have been observed with an increase in the Yb concentration. Microstructural studies exhibited the formation of sphere like morphology with decreasing particle size with increase in the dopant concentration. The effective doping also resulted in larger magnetization as well as coercivity with the maximum of 257 Oe and 1.76 emu/g in the Bi0.8Yb0.2FeO3 nanoparticles. Ferroelectric as well as dielectric properties of the nanoparticles were also improved on doping. The best results were obtained for the BiFeO3 nanoparticles having Yb concentration x = 0.2.

  20. Spectroscopic investigation of zinc tellurite glasses doped with Yb3 + and Er3 + ions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bilir, Gökhan; Kaya, Ayfer; Cinkaya, Hatun; Eryürek, Gönül

    2016-08-01

    This paper presents a detailed spectroscopic investigation of zinc tellurite glasses with the compositions (0.80 - x - y) TeO2 + (0.20) ZnO + xEr2O3 + yYb2O3 (x = 0, y = 0; x = 0.004, y = 0; x = 0, y = 0.05 and x = 0.004, y = 0.05 per moles). The samples were synthesized by the conventional melt quenching method. The optical absorption and emission measurements were conducted at room temperature to determine the spectral properties of lanthanides doped zinc tellurite glasses and, to study the energy transfer processes between dopant lanthanide ions. The band gap energies for both direct and indirect possible transitions and the Urbach energies were measured from the absorption spectra. The absorption spectra of the samples were analyzed by using the Judd-Ofelt approach. The effect of the ytterbium ions on the emission properties of erbium ions was investigated and the energy transfer processes between dopant ions were studied by measuring the up-conversion emission properties of the materials. The color quality parameters of obtained visible up-conversion emission were also determined as well as possibility of using the Er3 + glasses as erbium doped fiber amplifiers at 1.55 μm in infrared emission region.

  1. A crystal chemistry approach for high-power ytterbium doped solid-state lasers: diffusion-bonded crystals and new crystalline hosts; Relations structures-proprietes dans les lasers solides de puissance a l'ytterbium: elaboration et caracterisation de nouveaux materiaux et de cristaux composites soudes par diffusion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gaume, R

    2002-11-15

    This work deals with ytterbium based crystals for high-power laser applications. In particular, we focus our interest in reducing crystal heating and its consequences during laser operation following two different ways. First, we review the specific properties of ytterbium doped solid-state lasers in order to define a figure-of-merit which gives the evaluation of laser performances, thermo-mechanical and thermo-optical properties. Bearing in mind this analysis, we propose a set of theoretical tools, based on the crystallographic structure of the crystal and its chemical composition, to predict thermo-mechanical and optical potentials. This approach, used for the seek of new Yb{sup 3+}-doped materials for high-power laser applications, shows that simple oxides containing rare-earths are favorable. Therefore, the spectroscopic properties of six new materials Yb{sup 3+}:GdVO{sub 4}, Yb{sup 3+}:GdAlO{sub 3}, Yb{sup 3+}:Gd{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Yb{sup 3+}:Sc{sub 2}SiO{sub 5}, Yb{sup 3+}:CaSc{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Yb{sup 3+}:SrSc{sub 2}O{sub 4} are described. The second aspect developed in this work deals with thermal properties enhancement of already well characterized laser materials. Two different ways are explored: a) elaboration by diffusion bonding of end-caps lasers with undoped crystals (composite crystals). Thus, different composites were obtained and a fairly lowering of thermal lensing effect was observed during laser operation. b) strengthening of crystalline structures by ionic substitution of one of its constituents. We demonstrate how crystal growth ability can be improved by a cationic substitution in the case of Yb{sup 3+}:BOYS, a largely-tunable laser material which is of great interest for femtosecond pulses generation. (author)

  2. A crystal chemistry approach for high-power ytterbium doped solid-state lasers: diffusion-bonded crystals and new crystalline hosts; Relations structures-proprietes dans les lasers solides de puissance a l'ytterbium: elaboration et caracterisation de nouveaux materiaux et de cristaux composites soudes par diffusion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gaume, R

    2002-11-15

    This work deals with ytterbium based crystals for high-power laser applications. In particular, we focus our interest in reducing crystal heating and its consequences during laser operation following two different ways. First, we review the specific properties of ytterbium doped solid-state lasers in order to define a figure-of-merit which gives the evaluation of laser performances, thermo-mechanical and thermo-optical properties. Bearing in mind this analysis, we propose a set of theoretical tools, based on the crystallographic structure of the crystal and its chemical composition, to predict thermo-mechanical and optical potentials. This approach, used for the seek of new Yb{sup 3+}-doped materials for high-power laser applications, shows that simple oxides containing rare-earths are favorable. Therefore, the spectroscopic properties of six new materials Yb{sup 3+}:GdVO{sub 4}, Yb{sup 3+}:GdAlO{sub 3}, Yb{sup 3+}:Gd{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Yb{sup 3+}:Sc{sub 2}SiO{sub 5}, Yb{sup 3+}:CaSc{sub 2}O{sub 4} and Yb{sup 3+}:SrSc{sub 2}O{sub 4} are described. The second aspect developed in this work deals with thermal properties enhancement of already well characterized laser materials. Two different ways are explored: a) elaboration by diffusion bonding of end-caps lasers with undoped crystals (composite crystals). Thus, different composites were obtained and a fairly lowering of thermal lensing effect was observed during laser operation. b) strengthening of crystalline structures by ionic substitution of one of its constituents. We demonstrate how crystal growth ability can be improved by a cationic substitution in the case of Yb{sup 3+}:BOYS, a largely-tunable laser material which is of great interest for femtosecond pulses generation. (author)

  3. Up-conversion monodispersed spheres of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+: green and red emission tailoring mediated by heating temperature, and greatly enhanced luminescence by Mn2+ doping.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Qi; Song, Caiyun; Li, Xiaodong; Sun, Xudong; Li, Ji-Guang

    2018-04-09

    Submicron sized, monodispersed spheres of Mn2+, Yb3+/Er3+ and Mn2+/Yb3+/Er3+ doped α-NaYF4 were easily autoclaved from mixed solutions of the component nitrates and ammonium fluoride (NH4F), in the presence of EDTA-2Na. Detailed characterizations of the resultant phosphors were obtained using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, STEM, PLE/PL spectroscopy, and fluorescence decay analysis. Finer structure and better crystal perfection was observed at a higher calcination temperature, and the spherical shape and excellent dispersion of the original particles was retained at temperatures up to 600 °C. Under the 980 nm infrared excitation, the Yb3+/Er3+-doped sample (calcined at 400 °C) exhibits a stronger green emission centered at ∼524 nm (2H11/2 → 4I15/2 transition of Er3+) and a weaker red emission centered at ∼657 nm (4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transition of Er3+). A 200 °C increase in the temperature from 400 °C to 600 °C resulted in the dominant red emission originating from the 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transition of Er3+, instead of the previously dominant green one. Mn2+ doping induced a remarkable more enhanced intensity at ∼657 nm and ∼667 nm (red emission area) than that at ∼524 nm and ∼546 nm (green emission area), because of the non-radiative energy transfer between Mn2+ and Er3+. However, a poor thermal stability was induced by Mn2+ doping. The observed upconversion luminescence of the samples calcined at 400 °C and 600 °C followed the two photon process and the four photon process, respectively.

  4. A comprehensive phononics of phonon assisted energy transfer in the Yb{sup 3+} aided upconversion luminescence of Tm{sup 3+} and Ho{sup 3+} in solids

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Debnath, Radhaballabh, E-mail: drdebnathr@gmail.com; Bose, Saptasree

    2015-05-15

    The theory of phonon assisted energy transfer is being widely used to explain the Yb{sup 3+} ion aided normal and upconversion emission of various rare earth ions in different Yb{sup 3+} co-doped solids. The reported phonon dynamics in many of these studies are either incomplete or erroneous. Here we report Yb{sup 3+} aided upconversion luminescence properties of Tm{sup 3+} and Ho{sup 3+} in (Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+}) and (Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+}) co-doped two BaO–tellurite glasses and explain their phononics in the light of Dexter's theory by proposing a comprehensive scheme. The approach is valid for other systems of different phonon structures. - Highlights: • Yb{sup 3+} aided upconversion luminescence properties of Tm{sup 3+} and Ho{sup 3+} in (Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+}) and (Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+}) co-doped two BaO–tellurite glasses, are reported. • Phonon assisted energy transfer in these systems are explained in the light of Dexter's theory by proposing a comprehensive scheme of phononics. • The approach is valid for other systems of different phonon structures.

  5. Frequency upconversion fluorescence studies of Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+}-codoped KNbO{sub 3} phosphors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Balakrishnaiah, R. [Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Dong Woo [Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Yi, Soung Soo, E-mail: ssyi@silla.ac.k [Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Kwang Duk; Kim, Sung Hoon [Department of Engineering in Energy and Applied Chemistry, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Jang, Kiwan; Lee, Ho Sueb [Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Jeong, Jung Hyun [Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737 (Korea, Republic of)

    2009-05-29

    Different concentrations of Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} ions-doped potassium niobate (K{sub 0.9}NbO{sub 3}:Yb{sub (x)}Er{sub (0.1-x)} for x = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.09 and 0.1) polycrystalline powder phosphors were prepared by the conventional solid state reaction method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Energy transfer and upconversion fluorescence properties of the Yb{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+}-codoped phosphors have been discussed. The XRD data has shown mono-phase for pure KNbO{sub 3} while the doped samples represented additional phase formation. The SEM micrographs represented the rectangular crystal growth habit for the KNbO{sub 3} phosphors when doped with 0.1 mol of Er{sup 3+} ions. An intense green emission at 557 nm along with a red emission at 674 nm was observed when the doped samples were excited with 975 nm IR radiation. The upconversion mechanism has been discussed based on the excited state absorption and energy transfer mechanisms.

  6. Luminescence properties and energy transfer processes in YAG:Yb,Er single crystalline films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zorenko, Yu.; Gorbenko, V.; Savchyn, V.; Batentschuk, M.; Osvet, A.; Brabec, C.

    2013-01-01

    The paper is dedicated to the study of the optical properties of YAG:Yb,Er single-crystalline films (SCF) grown by liquid phase epitaxy. The absorption, cathodoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence spectra and photoluminescence decay curves were measured for the SCFs with different doping levels of Er 3+ (from 0.6 to 4.2 at.%) and Yb 3+ (from 0.1 to 0.6 at.%). The spectra, excited by synchrotron radiation in the fundamental absorption range of the YAG and in the intraionic absorption bands of both dopants, reveal energy transfer from the YAG host to the Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ions and between these ions. -- Highlights: •Growth of YAG:Yb,Er single crystalline films by LPE method. •Peculiarities of luminescence of YAG:Yb,Er films with different Er–Yb content. •Yb–Er energy transfer processes in YAG hosts

  7. Spectroscopic properties of Yb3+ and Er3+ ions in heavy metal glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pisarski, Wojciech A.; Grobelny, Lukasz; Pisarska, Joanna; Lisiecki, Radoslaw; Ryba-Romanowski, Witold

    2011-01-01

    Highlights: → Heavy metal glasses doubly doped with Yb 3+ and Er 3+ were examined. → NIR luminescence at about 1530 nm and green and red up-conversion spectra were detected. → The unusual large spectral linewidth nearly close to 110 nm for 4 I 13/2 - 4 I 15/2 transition of Er 3+ ions in Yb-Er co-doped lead borate glass was obtained. → Long-lived NIR luminescence was detected in lead germanate glass. → The NIR luminescence and up-conversion phenomena strongly depend on stretching vibrations of glass host. - Abstract: Selected heavy metal glasses containing Yb 3+ and Er 3+ ions have been studied. Near-infrared luminescence spectra at 1.53 μm and up-conversion spectra of Er 3+ ions were registered under excitation of Yb 3+ ions by 975 nm diode laser line. The luminescence bands correspond to 4 I 13/2 - 4 I 15/2 (NIR), 4 S 3/2 - 4 I 15/2 (green) and 4 F 9/2 - 4 I 15/2 (red) transitions of Er 3+ , respectively. The optical transitions of rare earth ions have been examined as a function of glass host. The unusual large spectral linewidth nearly close to 110 nm for 4 I 13/2 - 4 I 15/2 transition of Er 3+ ions in Yb-Er co-doped lead borate glass was obtained, whereas long-lived NIR luminescence at 1.53 μm was detected in lead germanate glass. The NIR luminescence and up-conversion phenomena strongly depend on stretching vibrations of glass host, which was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy.

  8. Enhanced photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells based on NaYF4:Yb(3+), Er(3+)-incorporated nanocrystalline TiO2 electrodes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Guang; Wang, Hongyan; Zhang, Quanxin; Zhang, Li

    2015-08-01

    Near infrared to visible up-conversion of light by rare earth ion-doped phosphors (NaYF4:Yb(3+), Er(3+)) that convert multiple photons of lower energy to higher energy photons offer new possibilities for improved performance of photovoltaic devices. Here, up-conversion phosphor NaYF4:Yb(3+), Er(3+) doped nanocrystalline TiO2 films are designed and used as a electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells, and the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs based on composite electrodes are investigated. The results show the cell with NaYF4:Yb(3+), Er(3+) achieves a power conversion efficiency of 7.65% under one sun illumination (AM 1.5G, 100mWcm(-2)), which is an increase of 14% compared to the cell without NaYF4:Yb(3+), Er(3+) (6.71%). The performance improvement is attributed to the dual effects of enhanced light harvesting from extended light absorption range and increased light scattering, and lower electron transfer resistance. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. Structural features of silver-doped phosphate glasses in zone of femtosecond laser-induced modification

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vasileva, A. A.; Nazarov, I. A.; Olshin, P. K.; Povolotskiy, A. V.; Sokolov, I. A.; Manshina, A. A.

    2015-10-01

    Femtosecond (fs) laser writing of two-dimensional microstructures (waveguides) is demonstrated in bulk phosphate glasses doped with silver ions. Silver-content phosphate and silver-content niobium-phosphate glasses with high concentration of silver oxide 55 mol% were used as samples for fs laser writing. The chemical network structure of the synthesized samples is analyzed through Raman spectroscopy and was found to be strongly sensitive to Nb incorporation. It was found that the direct laser writing process enables not only reorganization of glass network, but also formation of color centers and silver nanoparticles that are revealed in appearance of luminescence signal and plasmon absorption. The process of NPs' formation is more efficient for Nb-phosphate glass, while color centers are preferably formed in phosphate glass.

  10. 5  W output power from a double-clad hybrid fiber with Yb-doped phosphate core and silicate cladding.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Longfei; He, Dongbing; Zhang, Lei; Yu, Chunlei; Feng, Suya; Wang, Meng; Chen, Danping; Hu, Lili

    2017-08-01

    For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we report on the realization of a laser from a Yb-doped phosphate core/silicate cladding double-clad hybrid fiber. 5 W output power was extracted with 14.6% slope efficiency and a laser spectrum of a 1027 nm central wavelength from a 20 cm long single-mode fiber with a ∼10  μm core diameter in a 20%-4% laser cavity. The laser efficiency can be significantly enhanced by correspondingly adjusting and optimizing the laser oscillator.

  11. Upconversion emission and cathodoluminescence of Er{sup 3+}-doped NaYbF{sub 4} nanoparticles for low-temperature thermometry and field emission displays

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Du, Peng; Yu, Jae Su [Kyung Hee University, Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Yongin (Korea, Republic of); Luo, Laihui [Ningbo University, Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, Ningbo (China)

    2017-03-15

    The Er{sup 3+}-doped NaYbF{sub 4} nanoparticles were fabricated by a hydrothermal method. The green and red emissions located at around 525, 542 and 657 nm corresponding to the {sup 2}H{sub 11/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2}, {sup 4}S{sub 3/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2} and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2} transitions of Er{sup 3+} ions, respectively, were observed when pumped at 980 nm light. Furthermore, with the help of the fluorescence intensity ratio technique, the thermometric properties of as-prepared products from the thermally coupled {sup 2}H{sub 11/2} and {sup 4}S{sub 3/2} levels of Er{sup 3+} ions were studied by analyzing temperature-dependent upconversion (UC) emission spectra. The maximum sensitivity for the Er{sup 3+}-doped NaYbF{sub 4} nanoparticles was found to be around 0.0043 K{sup -} {sup 1} with a temperature range of 93-293 K. In addition, the cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum of the synthesized nanoparticles was nearly the same as the UC emission spectrum and the CL emission intensity did not exhibit saturation with the increase of accelerating voltage and filament current. (orig.)

  12. Preparation and up-conversion luminescence of SrAlF{sub 5}:Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} nanorods

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhao, Jun [College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600 (China); Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026 (China); Hua, Ruinian, E-mail: rnhua@dlnu.edu.cn [College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600 (China); Zhang, Wei; Feng, Zhiqing; Tang, Dongxin; Na, Liyan [College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600 (China); Chen, Baojiu, E-mail: chenmbj@sohu.com [Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning 116026 (China)

    2014-03-05

    Graphical abstract: The SrAlF{sub 5} nanorods co-doped with various Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} concentrations was synthetized via a microemulsion-hydrothermal process for the first time. It was found that the optimum doping concentration of Yb{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+} in SrAlF{sub 5} matrix was about 4 mol%. Furthermore, the temperature effect of upconversion luminescence was investigated. It was also found that the post heat-treatment could greatly improve upconversion luminescence. Highlights: • SrAlF{sub 5}:Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} nanorods were synthesized via a microemulsion-hydrothermal process. • Crystal structure and morphology were characterized by using XRD and FESEM. • The upconversion luminescence intensity depend on LD working current was studied. • The post heat-treatment could greatly improve upconversion luminescence. -- Abstract: Yb{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+} co-doped SrAlF{sub 5} nanorods with average diameter of 35 nm and average length of 400 nm were synthesized via a microemulsion-hydrothermal process, and their crystal structure and morphology were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. The optimum doping concentration of Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} in SrAlF{sub 5} matrix was about 4 mol%. The upconversion luminescence intensity dependence on the laser diode (LD) working current was studied and the possible upconversion mechanism was analyzed. Furthermore, the temperature effect of upconversion luminescence was investigated. It was also found that the post heat-treatment could greatly improve upconversion luminescence.

  13. Upconversion emission study of Er3+/Yb3+ doped barium titanate phosphor prepared by co-precipitation method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mahata, M.K.; Dey, R.; Kumar, K.; Rai, V.K.; Rai, S.B.

    2012-01-01

    In the present work we have successfully synthesized the Er 3+ , Yb 3+ doped barium titanate phosphor via co-precipitation synthesis method. Under 980 nm excitation, tri-color upconversion fluorescence has been observed. The Fourier Transform Infrared measurement was done to check the presence of organic impurities. In order to find out how many photons are involved in each emission band, the variation of UC emission intensity of the codoped phosphor is studied with increase in excitation power. Upconversion emission spectra show that as the annealing temperature of the powder is increased, intensity of red emission decreases and intensity of green emission increases due to the decrease in maximum phonon frequency of the host material. (author)

  14. Upconversion studies of Er3+/Yb3+ doped SrO.TiO2 borosilicate glass ceramic system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Maheshwari, Aditya; Om Prakash; Kumar, Devendra; Rai, S.B.

    2011-01-01

    Upconversion behaviour has been studied in various matrices and fine powders of SrTiO 3 by previous workers. In present work, Er 3+ /Yb 3+ were doped in appropriate ratio in SrO.TiO 2 borosilicate glass ceramic system to study the upconversion phenomenon. Dielectric properties of this class of glass ceramic system have been extensively investigated by Thakur et al. It has been observed that both upconversion efficiency and dielectric constant increases with transformation of glass into glass ceramic. Therefore, present investigation is based upon the study of optical as well as the electrical properties of same glass ceramic system. In order to prepare different crystalline matrices, two different Er 3+ /Yb 3+ :SrO.TiO 2 borosilicate glasses with same amount of Er 2 O 3 and Yb 2 O 3 were prepared by melt quench method. Glasses were transparent with light-wine colour. Glass ceramics were prepared from the glasses by heat treatment based on DTA (Differential thermal analysis) results. Glass ceramics were fully opaque with brownish-cream colour. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed that two different crystalline matrices, Sr 3 Ti 2 O 7 , Ti 10 O 19 and SrTiO 3 , TiO 2 were present in two glass ceramic samples respectively. Luminescence properties of glass and glass ceramic samples with 976nm laser irradiation showed that the intensities of the green and red emission increased multiple times in glass ceramic than that of the glass. Possible mechanisms responsible for upconversion eg. Energy Transfer (ET) and Excited State Absorption (ESA), were studied through laser pumping power log dependence

  15. Optical Amplification at 1525 nm in BaYF5: 20% Yb3+, 2% Er3+ Nanocrystals Doped SU-8 Polymer Waveguide

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pengcheng Zhao

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available We demonstrated optical amplification in BaYF5: 20% Yb3+, 2% Er3+ (BYF nanocrystals doped polymer waveguide. BYF nanocrystals with an average size of ∼13 nm were synthesized by a high-boiling solvent process. Intense 1.53 μm fluorescence was obtained in the nanocrystals under excitation at 980 nm. An optical polymer waveguide was fabricated by using BYF nanocrystals doped SU-8 polymer as the core material. A relative optical gain of ∼10.4 dB at 1525 nm was achieved in a 1.1 cm long waveguide for an input signal power of ∼0.09 mW and a pump power of ∼212 mW.

  16. Upconversion luminescence properties of Y2O3:Yb3+, Er3+ nanostructures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    De Gejihu; Qin Weiping; Zhang Jishen; Zhang Jishuang; Wang, Yan; Cao Chunyan; Cui Yang

    2006-01-01

    Cubic Y 2 O 3 nanostructures doped with Yb 3+ and Er 3+ ions were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. Three distinct shapes such as nanotubes, nanospheres and nanoflakes formed in the products by adjusting the pH value of reacting solution. Powder X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that all the three nanostructures are pure cubic phase, while electron microscopy measurements confirm the formation of different morphologies. These nanostructures exhibit strong visible upconversion luminescence under the excitation of a 978-nm diode laser. In Yb 3+ - and Er 3+ - codoped Y 2 O 3 nanocrystals, the relative intensity of green emission became stronger as the size and morphology of sample changed from tubes to flakes

  17. Growth and luminescent properties of Yb3+--doped oxide single crystals for scintillator application

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yoshikawa, A.; Ogino, H.; Shim, J.B.; Nikl, M.; Solovieva, N.; Fukuda, T.

    2004-01-01

    Rod-shaped (Lu 1-x Yb x ) 3 Al 5 O 12 with x=0.05, 0.15, 0.30 and (Y 1-x Yb x )AlO 3 with x=0.05, 0.10, 0.30 single crystals were grown by the micro-pulling-down method. Edge-defined film-fed growth method was used to prepare (Y 0.9 Yb 0.1 )VO 4 crystal, while Ca 8 (La 1.98 Yb 0.02 )(PO 4 ) 6 O 2 crystal was grown by the Czochralski method. Luminescence of these crystals was studied with main attention paid to the charge transfer emission of Yb 3+ . Temperature tuned decay times in the time scale of units--tens of nanosecond was measured as a feature possibly interesting for an application in scintillation detectors in positron emission tomography

  18. Infrared emissions in MgSrAl{sub 10}O{sub 17}:Er{sup 3+} phosphor co-doped with Yb{sup 3+}/Ba{sup 2+}/Ca{sup 2+} obtained by solution combustion route

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Singh, Vijay, E-mail: vijayjiin2006@yahoo.com [Physical Chemistry, Institute for Pure and Applied Chemistry and Center of Interface Science, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg (Germany); Kumar Rai, Vineet [Department of Applied Physics, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826 004 (India); Venkatramu, V. [Department of Physics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa 516 003 (India); Chakradhar, R.P.S. [CSIR-National Aerospace, Bangalore 560 017 (India); Hwan Kim, Sang [Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701 (Korea, Republic of)

    2013-02-15

    An intense infrared emitting MgSrAl{sub 10}O{sub 17}:Er{sup 3+} phosphor co-doped with Yb{sup 3+}, Ba{sup 2+} and Ca{sup 2+} ions have been prepared by a solution combustion method. Phase purity of the derived compounds was confirmed by X-ray diffraction technique. The vibrational properties of MgSrAl{sub 10}O{sub 17} phosphor was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The broad and strong infrared emission of Er{sup 3+} ions at around 1.53 {mu}m was observed upon excitation at 980 nm. Effect of co-doping with the Yb{sup 3+}{sub ,} Ba{sup 2+} and Ca{sup 2+} ions on the infrared luminescence intensity of Er{sup 3+} ions and the mechanism responsible for the variation in the infrared intensity have been discussed. The results indicate that these materials may be suitable for the optical telecommunication window and wavelength division multiplexing applications. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The hexagonal phase of MgSrAl{sub 10}O{sub 17} could be obtained by the low temperature combustion method. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The broad and strong infrared emission of Er{sup 3+} ions at around 1.53 {mu}m was observed. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Effect of co-doping with the Yb{sup 3+}{sub ,} Ba{sup 2+} and Ca{sup 2+} ions on the infrared luminescence intensity of Er{sup 3+} were reported.

  19. Investigation of Upconversion, downshifting and quantum –cutting behavior of Eu3+, Yb3+, Bi3+ co-doped LaNbO4 phosphor as a spectral conversion material

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dwivedi, A.; Mishra, K.; Rai, S. B.

    2018-06-01

    This work presents the spectral conversion characteristics [upconversion (UC), downshifting (DS) and quantum–cutting (QC) optical processes] of Eu3+, Yb3+ and Bi3+ co-doped LaNbO4 (LBO) phosphor samples synthesized by solid state reaction technique. The crystal structure and the pure phase formation have been confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The surface morphology and particle size are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The rarely observed intense red UC emission from Eu3+ ion has been successfully obtained in Eu3+/Yb3+ co-doped LaNbO4 phosphor (on excitation with 980 nm) by optimizing the concentrations of Eu3+ and Yb3+ ions. The downshifting (DS) behavior has been studied by photoluminescence (PL) measurements on excitation with 265 nm wavelength from a Xe lamp source. A broad blue emission in the region 300–550 nm with its maximum ∼415 nm due to charge transfer band (CTB) of the host and large number of sharp peaks due to f-f transitions of Eu3+ ion have been observed. The energy transfer has been observed from (NbO4)3‑ to Eu3+ ion and the fluorescence emission has been optimized by varying the concentration of Eu3+ ion. An intense red emission has also been observed corresponding to 5D0 → 7F2 transition of Eu3+ ion at 611 nm in LBO: 0.09Eu3+ phosphor on excitation with 394 nm. The luminescence properties of Eu3+ ion are enhanced further through the sensitization effect of Bi3+ ion. The near infra-red (NIR) quantum cutting (QC) behavior due to Yb3+ ion has been monitored on excitation with 265 as well as 394 nm. The NIR QC is observed due to 2F5/2 → 2F7/2 transition of Yb3+ ion via co-operative energy transfer (CET) process from (NbO4)3‑ as well as Eu3+ ions to Yb3+ ion. This multimodal behavior (UC, DS and QC) makes this a promising phosphor material for multi-purpose spectral converter.

  20. Atomic frequency reference at 1033 nm for ytterbium (Yb)-doped fiber lasers and applications exploiting a rubidium (Rb) 5S_1/2 to 4D_5/2 one-colour two-photon transition

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roy, Ritayan; Condylis, Paul C.; Johnathan, Yik Jinen; Hessmo, Björn

    2017-04-01

    We demonstrate a two-photon transition of rubidium (Rb) atoms from the ground state (5$S_{1/2}$) to the excited state (4$D_{5/2}$), using a home-built ytterbium (Yb)-doped fiber amplifier at 1033 nm. This is the first demonstration of an atomic frequency reference at 1033 nm as well as of a one-colour two-photon transition for the above energy levels. A simple optical setup is presented for the two-photon transition fluorescence spectroscopy, which is useful for frequency stabilization for a broad class of lasers. This spectroscopy has potential applications in the fiber laser industry as a frequency reference, particularly for the Yb-doped fiber lasers. This two-photon transition also has applications in atomic physics as a background- free high- resolution atom detection and for quantum communication, which is outlined in this article.

  1. The complexity of the CaF2:Yb system: evidence that CaF2:Yb2+ is not an impurity trapped exciton system

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mackeen, Cameron; Bridges, Frank; Kozina, Michael; Mehta, Apurva; Reid, M. F.; Wells, J.-P. R.; BarandiaráN, Zoila

    Fluorite crystal structures doped with rare-earth elements exhibit an anomalous redshifted luminescence upon UV excitation, generally attributed to the relaxation of impurity trapped excitons (ITE). We find that the intensity of this luminescence decreases as the total concentration of Yb 2+ increases in unexposed samples, which is in conflict with the currently accepted ITE model. Further, using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and UV-vis studies of CaF2:Yb, we find a large (but reversible) Yb valence reduction upon x-ray exposure at 200 K - from mostly 3+ to 2+. This valence reduction is stable for long time periods at low T ITE model; the data appear more consistent with an intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) model. It is likely that many similar ITE systems have also been misidentified.

  2. Optical and structural characterization of rare earth doped niobium phosphate glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sene, F.F.; Martinelli, J.R.; Gomes, L.

    2004-01-01

    Phosphate glasses containing up to 45mol% of niobium were obtained. X-ray diffraction, infrared, Raman, and optical absorption spectroscopy were used to analyze those materials. The refractive index varies from 1.70 to 1.85 as the amount of Nb increases. Niobium phosphate glasses with optical transparence in the (400-2500nm) range were produced. The cut off varied from 342nm to 378nm as a function of the Nb concentration. The cut off is due to the charge transfer O 2 ->Nb 5+ . Glasses containing 10mol% of Nb 2 O 5 are the most promising materials to be used as rare-earth ions hosts because they are chemically resistant, and show optical transparency in the spectral range of visible to infrared. Doping the glasses with 1-5mol% of Er, Ho, Pr, and Yb ions does not change the glass structure, as measured by X-ray diffraction, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy. The fluorescence lifetimes were determined for Nd, Yb, and Er, and the absorption cross-section were determined for all ions. The energy transfer in co-doped Yb-Er system was measured, and the lifetime of excited states and the luminescence efficiency were determined to be 91% for the Er 4 I 11/2 level, in the Yb-Er co-doped glasses

  3. Highly matched spectrum needed for photosynthesis in Ce{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} tri-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramics

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wang, Weirong; Gao, Huiping [School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 (China); Institute for Computational Materials Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 (China); Mao, Yanli, E-mail: ylmao@henu.edu.cn [School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 (China); Institute for Computational Materials Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004 (China)

    2015-11-05

    A series of oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing CaF{sub 2} nano-crystals tri-doped with Ce{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} ions were prepared by high temperature melting method and subsequent heat treatment. The structural properties were examined by X-ray diffraction measurements. The absorption, excitation, and emission spectra of the glass ceramics were investigated. Difference in erbium emission spectra between glass and glass ceramics had been studied. The emission bands originating from the {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} state of Er{sup 3+} were enhanced when the CaF{sub 2} nano-crystal created. By down-converting the ultraviolet wavelength region (280∼400 nm) light and up-converting the near-infrared wavelength region (900∼1100 nm) light, the glass ceramics can also emit strong reddish orange emission. The emission spectra consisting of bluish violet (400∼500 nm) and reddish orange (640∼680 nm) bands match well with the action spectrum of photosynthesis and absorption spectra of chlorophylls. Our materials will be favored to promote the development of glass greenhouses for green plant. - Highlights: • Ce{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} tri-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramics were prepared by high temperature melting method. • 668 nm red emission was obtained under 320 nm, 380 nm and 980 nm excitation, respectively. • The emission of samples matched well with the spectrum for photosynthesis.

  4. Indium-modified Yb:KLu(WO{sub 4}){sub 2} crystal: Growth, spectroscopy and laser operation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Serres, J.M. [Física i Cristallografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, c/ Marcellí Domingo, s/n., Tarragona E-43007 (Spain); Mateos, X., E-mail: xavier.mateos@urv.cat [Física i Cristallografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, c/ Marcellí Domingo, s/n., Tarragona E-43007 (Spain); Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, 2A Max-Born-Str., Berlin D-12489 (Germany); Loiko, P. [ITMO University, 49 Kronverkskiy pr., St. Petersburg 197101 (Russian Federation); Griebner, U.; Petrov, V. [Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, 2A Max-Born-Str., Berlin D-12489 (Germany); Yumashev, K. [Center for Optical Materials and Technologies (COMT), Belarusian National Technical University, 65/17 Nezavisimosti Ave., Minsk 220013 (Belarus); Aguiló, M.; Díaz, F. [Física i Cristallografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, c/ Marcellí Domingo, s/n., Tarragona E-43007 (Spain)

    2017-03-15

    We report on the growth, spectroscopic and laser characterization of a novel monoclinic laser crystal, Yb,In:KLu(WO{sub 4}){sub 2} (Yb,In:KLuW). The absorption, stimulated-emission and gain cross-section spectra of 3.5 at% Yb, 5.5 at% In-doped KLuW are determined at room temperature with polarized light and compared with those for Yb,In:KYW, as well as singly Yb-doped KLuW and KYW crystals. It is found that the introduction of In results in a decrease of the transition cross-sections and in a spectral broadening of the absorption and emission bands. Such a broadening is more pronounced for light polarization E ||N{sub p}. For Yb,In:KLuW, the maximum σ{sub abs} is 9.9×10{sup –20} cm{sup 2} at 980.9 nm for E ||N{sub m} and the corresponding bandwidth of the absorption peak is 3.7 nm. The radiative lifetime for Yb{sup 3+} ions is 237±5 µs. The stimulated-emission cross-sections are σ{sub SE}(m)=2.4×10{sup –20} cm{sup 2} at 1022.4 nm and σ{sub SE}(p)=1.3×10{sup –20} cm{sup 2} at 1039.1 nm corresponding to an emission bandwidth of >30 nm and >35 nm, respectively. The diode-pumped N{sub g}-cut Yb,In:KLuW microchip laser generated 4.11 W at 1042–1048 nm with a slope efficiency of 78%. The Yb,In:KLuW crystal is very promising for the generation of sub-100 fs pulses in mode-locked lasers due to its broadband emission characteristics.

  5. Infrared to near-infrared and visible upconversion mechanisms in LiYF 4: Yb3+, Ho3+

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Martín-Rodríguez, R.; Meijerink, A.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/075044986

    2014-01-01

    Upconversion materials have regained interest in recent years due to their potential to enhance the efficiency of solar cells. The research has focused on lanthanide based upconverters, especially Er3+- and Yb 3+-doped materials. In this paper we report Ho3+ and Yb3+ upconversion after excitation

  6. Improving the photoluminescence response of Er-Tm: Al2O3 films by Yb codoping

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xiao Zhisong; Serna, R.; Afonso, C.N.; Cheng Guoan; Vickridge, I.

    2007-01-01

    Amorphous Al 2 O 3 films doped with Er, Tm and Yb have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition. A broadband emission in the range 1400-1700 nm with two peaks around 1540 and 1640 nm has been observed, both in the Er-Tm and Er-Tm-Yb codoped films. The Tm-related photoluminescence (PL) intensity at 1640 nm is enhanced when codoping with Yb thus suggesting the existence of multiple energy transfer processes from Yb to Er and Er to Tm. The Er-Tm-Yb codoped film exhibits a broadband emission with a full-width half-maximum of 184 nm similar to that of the film codoped with Tm and Er but having higher Tm to Er concentration ratio and higher PL lifetime values

  7. Local structure investigation of Ga and Yb dopants in Co4Sb12 skutterudites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, Yanyun; Chen, Ning; Clancy, J. P.; Salvador, James R.; Kim, Chang-Yong; Shi, Xiaoya; Li, Qiang; Kim, Young-June

    2017-12-01

    We report comprehensive x-ray absorption spectroscopy studies at both the Ga K edge and Yb L2 edge to elucidate the local structure of Ga and Yb dopants in YbxGayCo4Sb12 . Our extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data confirm that Ga atoms occupy two crystallographic sites: one is the 24 g site replacing Sb, and the other is the 2 a site in the off-center void position. We find that the occupancy ratio of these two sites varies significantly as a function of the filling fraction of additional Yb, which exclusively occupies the 2 a on-center site. At low concentrations of Yb, Ga24 g and Ga2 a dopants coexist and they form a charge-compensated compound defect proposed by Qiu et al. [Adv. Funct. Mater. 23, 3194 (2013), 10.1002/adfm.201202571]. The Ga24 g occupancy increases gradually with increasing Yb concentration, and almost all Ga occupies the 24 g site for the highest Yb concentration studied (x =0.4 ). In addition to the local structural evidence provided by our EXAFS data, we also present x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra, which show a small Ga K -edge energy shift as a function of Yb concentration consistent with the change from predominantly Ga2 a to Ga24 g states. Our result suggests that the increased solubility of Yb in Yb-Ga co-doped Co4Sb12 skutterudites is due to the increased Ga24 g electron acceptor, and thus provides an important strategy to optimize the carrier concentration in partially filled skutterudites.

  8. Bragg gratings inscription in step-index PMMA optical fiber by femtosecond laser pulses at 400 nm

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hu, X.; Kinet, D.; Chah, K.; Mégret, P.; Caucheteur, C.

    2016-05-01

    In this paper, we report photo-inscription of uniform Bragg gratings in trans-4-stilbenemethanol-doped photosensitive step-index polymer optical fiber. Gratings were produced at ~1575 nm by the phase mask technique with a femtosecond laser emitting at 400 nm with different average optical powers (8 mW, 13 mW and 20 mW). The grating growth dynamics in transmission were monitored during the manufacturing process, showing that the grating grows faster with higher power. Using 20 mW laser beam power, the reflectivity reaches 94 % (8 dB transmission loss) in 70 seconds. Finally, the gratings were characterized in temperature in the range 20 - 45 °C. The thermal sensitivity has been computed equal to - 86.6 pm/°C.

  9. Influence of interfacial reactions on the fiber push-out behavior in sapphire fiber-reinforced-NiAl(Yb) composites

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tewari, S.N.; Asthana, R.; Tiwari, R.; Bowman, R.R.

    1993-01-01

    The influence of microstructure of the fiber-matrix interface on the fiber push-out behavior has been examined in sapphire fiber-reinforced NiAl and NiAl(Yb) matrix composites synthesized using powder metallurgy techniques combined with zone directional solidification (DS). The push-out stress-displacement curves were observed to consist of an initial 'pseudoelastic' region, wherein the stress increased linearly with displacement, followed by an 'inelastic' region, where the slope of the stress-displacement plot decreased until a maximum stress was reached, and the subsequent stress drop to a constant 'frictional' stress. Chemical reaction between the fiber and the matrix resulted in higher interfacial shear strength in powder cloth processed sapphire-NiAl(Yb) composites as compared to the sapphire-NiAl composites. Grain boundaries in contact with the fibers on the back face of the push-out samples were the preferred sites for crack nucleation in PM composites. The frictional stress was independent of the microstructure and processing variables for NiAl composites, but showed strong dependence on these variables for the NiAl(Yb) composites. The DS processing enhanced the fiber-matrix interfacial shear strength of feedstock PM-NiAl/sapphire composites. However, it reduced the interfacial shear strength of PM-NiAl(Yb)-sapphire composites

  10. Pulsed laser deposition and thermoelectric properties of In-and Yb-doped CoSb3 skutterudite thin films

    KAUST Repository

    Sarath Kumar, S. R.

    2011-07-29

    In-and Yb-doped CoSb3 thin films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition. Process optimization studies revealed that a very narrow process window exists for the growth of single-phase skutterudite films. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient measured in the temperature range 300-700 K revealed an irreversible change on the first heating cycle in argon ambient, which is attributed to the enhanced surface roughness of the films or trace secondary phases. A power factor of 0.68 W m-1 K-1 was obtained at ∼700 K, which is nearly six times lower than that of bulk samples. This difference is attributed to grain boundary scattering that causes a drop in film conductivity. Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011.

  11. Femtosecond laser ablation of bovine cortical bone

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cangueiro, Liliana T.; Vilar, Rui; Botelho do Rego, Ana M.; Muralha, Vania S. F.

    2012-12-01

    We study the surface topographical, structural, and compositional modifications induced in bovine cortical bone by femtosecond laser ablation. The tests are performed in air, with a Yb:KYW chirped-pulse-regenerative amplification laser system (500 fs, 1030 nm) at fluences ranging from 0.55 to 2.24 J/cm2. The ablation process is monitored by acoustic emission measurements. The topography of the laser-treated surfaces is studied by scanning electron microscopy, and their constitution is characterized by glancing incidence x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The results show that femtosecond laser ablation allows removing bone without melting, carbonization, or cracking. The structure and composition of the remaining tissue are essentially preserved, the only constitutional changes observed being a reduction of the organic material content and a partial recrystallization of hydroxyapatite in the most superficial region of samples. The results suggest that, within this fluence range, ablation occurs by a combination of thermal and electrostatic mechanisms, with the first type of mechanism predominating at lower fluences. The associated thermal effects explain the constitutional changes observed. We show that femtosecond lasers are a promising tool for delicate orthopaedic surgeries, where small amounts of bone must be cut with negligible damage, thus minimizing surgical trauma.

  12. Structural properties of lithium borate glasses doped with rare earth ions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thomazini D.

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper presents the study on lithium triborate glass (LBO in the system (1-x|3B2O3.Li2O| (xNb2O5 yPr3+ zYb3+ wNd3+ with 0 <= x <= 20 mol% (y, z and w in mol%. The samples were studied by Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption and differential thermal analysis. Pr3+-doped LBO and Pr3+/Yb3+-doped LBO samples show an increase of the glass transition and crystallization temperatures and a decrease of the fusion temperature associated with the increase of the praseodymium concentration in the LBO matrix. For the Nd3+-doped LBO and Pr3+/Yb3+-doped (LBO+Nb2O5 samples, a decrease of the glass transition temperature of the samples was observed. The increase of the rare earth doping leads to an increase of the difference between the glass transition and the crystallization temperatures. From infrared analysis it was possible to identify all the modes associated to the B-O structure. The NbO6 octahedra was also identified by IR spectroscopy for samples with x=5, 10, 15 and 20 mol% and y=0.05, z=1.1 mol%. Raman spectroscopy shows the presence of boroxol rings, tetrahedral and triangular coordination for boron. For samples containing niobium, the Raman spectra show the vibrational mode associated with the Nb-O bond in the niobium octahedra (NbO6.

  13. Femtosecond laser direct writing of gratings and waveguides in high quantum efficiency erbium-doped Baccarat glass

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vishnubhatla, K C; Kumar, R Sai Santosh; Rao, D Narayana; Rao, S Venugopal; Osellame, R; Ramponi, R; Bhaktha, S N B; Mattarelli, M; Montagna, M; Turrell, S; Chiappini, A; Chiasera, A; Ferrari, M; Righini, G C

    2009-01-01

    The femtosecond laser direct writing technique was employed to inscribe gratings and waveguides in high quantum efficiency erbium-doped Baccarat glass. Using the butt coupling technique, a systematic study of waveguide loss with respect to input pulse energy and writing speed was performed to achieve the best waveguide with low propagation loss (PL). By pumping at 980 nm, we observed signal enhancement in these active waveguides in the telecom spectral region. The refractive index change was smooth and we estimated it to be ∼10 -3 . The high quantum efficiency (∼80%) and a best PL of ∼0.9 dB cm -1 combined with signal enhancement makes Baccarat glass a potential candidate for application in photonics.

  14. Tunable multicolor and enhanced red emission of monodisperse CaF2:Yb3+/Ho3+ microspheres via Mn2+ doping

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Rui; Yuan, Maohui; Zhang, Chaofan; Wang, Hongyan; Xu, Xiaojun

    2018-05-01

    Transition metal ions (e.g. Mn2+) and lanthanide co-doped upconversion (UC) materials have attracted wide attention in recent years due to their promising application in multicolor display. Here, we report the hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of Mn2+ doped monodisperse CaF2:Yb3+/Ho3+ microspheres. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that Mn2+ doping does not change the cubic phase of CaF2 material but will lead to diffraction peaks shifting slightly towards higher angle due to the substitution of larger Ca2+ by the relatively smaller Mn2+. Under the excitation of 980 nm continuous wave (CW) laser, these microspheres exhibit green-yellow-red tuning colors and remarkable enhancement of both red to green ratio (R/G) and red to blue ratio (R/B) when increasing Mn2+ concentration from 0 to 30 mol%. The energy migration process between Ho3+ and Mn2+ was proposed and supported by time-decay and power dependence measurements of Ho3+ UC emission. These upconversion materials may have potential applications in optical devices, color display, nanoscale lasers and biomedical imaging.

  15. Optical and magnetic properties of Yb ion-doped cobalt-based ZnO ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Administrator

    The X-ray photoelectron spectral peaks for Yb 4f ions ... temperature with high coercivity due to the contribution of both 3d and 4f exchange interaction with the host ... Mn,4,5 Co,6–9 Ni2,10 Fe11–13 and Cu,2,14 and reported to .... water separately under stirring. .... different concentrations of Yb added ZnO : Co, nanopar-.

  16. Fabrication of Y{sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7}:Yb{sup 3+},Ho{sup 3+} nanoparticles by a gel-combustion approach and upconverting luminescent properties

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen, Zhongsheng, E-mail: zhshcheng@ecit.cn [State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013 (China); Wang, Min; Wang, Haiqing; Le, Zhanggao; Huang, Guolin; Zou, Lixia; Liu, Zhirong [State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013 (China); Wang, Dianyuan; Wang, Qingkai [College of Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332005 (China); Gong, Weiping [Electronic Science Department, Huizhou University, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001 (China)

    2014-09-01

    Highlights: • Co-doped (Y{sub 0.99−x}Ho{sub 0.01}Yb{sub x}){sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7} nanophosphors were fabricated by gel-combustion method. • The effect of calcination and Yb{sup 3+} doping on upconverting spectra of nanophosphors was studied. • The dependence of upconverting intensity on the excitation power was examined. - Abstract: Yb{sup 3+}, Ho{sup 3+} co-doped pyrochlore-structured (Y{sub 0.99−x}Ho{sub 0.01}Yb{sub x}){sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7} (x = 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 mol%) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully fabricated via a gel-combustion approach. The products as-obtained were characterized by various techniques, i.e. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transformed infrared spectra and upconverting spectra. The results indicate that the bright green (∼540 nm) and red (∼660 nm) emissions are observed in Y{sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7}:Ho{sup 3+},Yb{sup 3+} NPs under the 980 nm excitation, which is ascribed to the radiative transitions ({sup 5}F{sub 4},{sup 5}S{sub 2}) → {sup 5}I{sub 8} and {sup 5}F{sub 5} → {sup 5}I{sub 8} of Ho{sup 3+} ions, respectively. It is also found that the calcining temperature and Yb{sup 3+} ion doping level have a great influence on the upconverting spectra of (Y{sub 0.99−x}Ho{sub 0.01}Yb{sub x}){sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7} NPs. The emission intensities increase initially and then fall down from 800 to 1000 °C. The optimum doping level of Yb{sup 3+} ions is 7.5 mol%, and the intensity of upconverting emissions for (Y{sub 0.915}Ho{sub 0.01}Yb{sub 0.075}){sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7} NPs is enhanced by the fold of 32 compared to the Yb{sup 3+}-free samples. The dependence of upconverting intensity on the excitation power reveals the contribution of two photons to both the green and red upconverting process under lower excitation power, and the possible upconverting mechanisms have been proposed accordingly.

  17. Lattice dynamics and substrate-dependent transport properties of (In, Yb)-doped CoSb3 skutterudite thin films

    KAUST Repository

    Sarath Kumar, S. R.

    2011-10-24

    Lattice dynamics, low-temperature electrical transport, and high-temperature thermoelectric properties of (In, Yb)-doped CoSb3thin films on different substrates are reported. Pulsed laser deposition under optimized conditions yielded single-phase polycrystalline skutterudite films. Raman spectroscopy studies suggested that In and Yb dopants occupy the cage sites in the skutterudite lattice. Low-temperature electrical transport studies revealed the n-type semiconducting nature of the films with extrinsic and intrinsic conduction mechanisms, in sharp contrast to the degenerate nature reported for identical bulk samples. Calculations yielded a direct bandgap close to 50 meV with no evidence of an indirect gap. The carrier concentration of the films was identical to that reported for the bulk and increased with temperature beyond 250 K. The higher resistivity exhibited is attributed to the enhanced grain boundary scattering in films with a high concentration of grains. The maximum power factor of ∼0.68 W m−1 K−1 obtained at 660 K for the film on glass is found to be nearly four times smaller compared to that reported for the bulk. The observed difference in the power factors of the films on different substrates is explained on the basis of the diffusion of oxygen from the substrates and the formation of highly conducting CoSb2 phase upon the oxidation of CoSb3.

  18. Upconversion photoluminescence of epitaxial Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} codoped ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O{sub 3} films on silicon substrates

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, Yang, E-mail: zhangy_acd@hotmail.com [IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden (Germany); Kämpfe, Thomas [Institut für Angewandte Physik, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden (Germany); Bai, Gongxun [Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (China); Mietschke, Michael; Yuan, Feifei; Zopf, Michael [IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden (Germany); Abel, Stefan [IBM Research GmbH, Saümerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon (Switzerland); Eng, Lukas M. [Institut für Angewandte Physik, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden (Germany); Hühne, Ruben [IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden (Germany); Fompeyrine, Jean [IBM Research GmbH, Saümerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon (Switzerland); Ding, Fei, E-mail: f.ding@ifw-dresden.de [IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden (Germany); Schmidt, Oliver G. [IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden (Germany); Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer strasse 70, 09107 Chemnitz (Germany)

    2016-05-31

    Thin films of Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} codoped Pb(Zr,Ti)O{sub 3} (PZT:Yb/Er) have been epitaxially grown on the SrTiO{sub 3} buffered Si wafer by pulsed laser deposition. Strong upconversion photoluminescence was observed in the PZT:Yb/Er thin film. Using piezoresponse force microscopy, polar domains in the PZT:Yb/Er film can be reversibly switched with a phase change of 180°. Ferroelectric hysteresis loop shape with a well-saturated response was observed. The epitaxially grown lanthanide-doped PZT on silicon opens up a promising route to the integration of luminescent functional oxides on the silicon platform. - Highlights: • Epitaxial growth of Yb{sup 3+}/Er{sup 3+} codoped Pb(Zr,Ti)O{sub 3} films on SrTiO{sub 3} buffered silicon • Upconversion emissions were obtained from the lanthanide ion doped thin films. • Saturated ferroelectric hysteresis loops were observed. • Polar domains were switched by PFM with a phase change of 180°.

  19. Enhancement of 800 nm upconversion emission in a thulium doped tellurite microstructured fiber pumped by a 1560 nm femtosecond fiber laser

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jia, Zhixu; Zheng, Kezhi [State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company, Wuhan 430073 (China); State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012 (China); Yao, Chuanfei; Wang, Shunbin; Qin, Guanshi, E-mail: qings@jlu.edu.cn; Qin, Weiping, E-mail: wpqin@jlu.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012 (China); Xiong, Liangming; Luo, Jie; Lv, Dajuan [State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company, Wuhan 430073 (China); Ohishi, Yasutake [Research Center for Advanced Photon Technology, Toyota Technological Institute, 2-12-1 Hisakata, Tempaku, Nagoya 468–8511 (Japan)

    2016-04-28

    We report enhanced upconversion (UC) fluorescence in Tm{sup 3+} doped tellurite microstructured fibers (TDTMFs) fabricated by using a rod-in-tube method. Under the pumping of a 1560 nm femtosecond fiber laser, ultrabroadband supercontinuum light expanding from ∼1050 to ∼2700 nm was generated in a 4 cm long TDTMF. Simultaneously, intense 800 nm UC emission from the {sup 3}H{sub 4} → {sup 3}H{sub 6} transition of Tm{sup 3+} was observed in the same TDTMF. Compared to that pumped by a 1560 nm continuous wave fiber laser, the UC emission intensity was enhanced by ∼4.1 times. The enhancement was due to the spectral broadening in the TDTMF under the pumping of the 1560 nm femtosecond fiber laser.

  20. Effect of radiative trapping on measurement of the spectroscopic properties of Yb sup 3 sup + :phosphate glasses

    CERN Document Server

    Dai Shi Xun; Wen Lei; Hu Li Li; Jiang Zhong Hon

    2003-01-01

    The effect of radiative trapping on measurement of the spectroscopic properties of Yb sup 3 sup + -doped phosphate glasses was investigated as a function of Yb sup 3 sup + concentration at different thicknesses. It was found that radiative trapping exists generally in Yb sup 3 sup + :phosphate glasses, even at low concentration. As a result, the measured lifetime of Yb sup 3 sup + in phosphate glasses is usually larger than the calculated one. The maximum discrepancies between them at high concentration are found to be <42%. The calculated lifetime should be used as a reference in determining the true value of the measured lifetime because of it being lengthened largely by radiative trapping. On the other hand, the shape of fluorescence spectrum exhibits remarkable changes due to the radiative trapping. What is more, the intensity increase of DELTA lambda sub e sub f sub f at high concentration is greater than that of low doping. The DELTA lambda sub e sub f sub f increases 36% from 53 to 72 nm with thickn...

  1. Fiber-optic thermometer application of thermal radiation from rare-earth end-doped SiO2 fiber

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Katsumata, Toru; Morita, Kentaro; Komuro, Shuji; Aizawa, Hiroaki

    2014-01-01

    Visible light thermal radiation from SiO 2 glass doped with Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu were studied for the fiber-optic thermometer application based on the temperature dependence of thermal radiation. Thermal radiations according to Planck's law of radiation are observed from the SiO 2 fibers doped with Y, La, Ce, Pr, Eu, Tb, and Lu at the temperature above 1100 K. Thermal radiations due to f-f transitions of rare-earth ions are observed from the SiO 2 fibers doped with Nd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb at the temperature above 900 K. Peak intensities of thermal radiations from rare-earth doped SiO 2 fibers increase sensitively with temperature. Thermal activation energies of thermal radiations by f-f transitions seen in Nd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb doped SiO 2 fibers are smaller than those from SiO 2 fibers doped with Y, La, Ce, Pr, Eu, Tb, and Lu. Thermal radiation due to highly efficient f-f transitions in Nd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb ions emits more easily than usual thermal radiation process. Thermal radiations from rare-earth doped SiO 2 are potentially applicable for the fiber-optic thermometry above 900 K

  2. Lifetimes Measurements in 160Yb,162Yb,164Yb,166Yb,168Yb

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Araddad, S. Y.; El-barouni, A. M.; Rateb, G. M.; Mosbah, D. S.; Elahrash, M. S.; Sergiwa, S. M.

    2004-01-01

    From our measurements of the lifetimes of high spin states in 168 Yb along with the published lifetime data for the nearby even even ytterbium isotopes, 160-168 Yb using the Recoil Distance Method (RDM) and the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method (DSAM) present a great opportunity to probe systematically the relationship between the nuclear shape changes and the reduction in collectivity. (authors)

  3. All-optical femtosecond switch using two-photon absorption

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yavuz, D. D.

    2006-01-01

    Utilizing a two-photon absorption scheme in an alkali-metal vapor cell, we suggest a technique where a strong laser beam switches off another laser beam of different wavelength in femtosecond time scales

  4. Micro-joule pico-second range Yb3+-doped fibre laser for medical applications in acupuncture

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alvarez-Chavez, J. A.; Rivera-Manrique, S. I.; Jacques, S. L.

    2011-08-01

    The work described here is based on the optical design, simulation and on-going implementation of a pulsed (Q-switch) Yb3+-doped, 1-um diffraction-limited fibre laser with pico-second, 10 micro-Joule-range energy pulses for producing the right energy pulses which could be of benefit for patients who suffer chronic headache, photophobia, and even nausea which could is sometimes triggered by a series of factors. The specific therapeutic effect known as acupunctural analgesia is the main objective of this medium-term project. It is a simple design on which commercially available software was employed for laser cavity design. Monte Carlo technique for skin light-transport, thermal diffusion and the possible thermal de-naturalization optical study and prediction will also be included in the presentation. Full optical characterization will be included and a complete set of recent results on the laser-skin interaction and the so called moxi-bustion from the laser design will be extensively described.

  5. Dehybridization of f and d states in the heavy-fermion system YbRh2Si2

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leuenberger, D.; Sobota, J. A.; Yang, S.-L.; Pfau, H.; Kim, D.-J.; Mo, S.-K.; Fisk, Z.; Kirchmann, P. S.; Shen, Z.-X.

    2018-04-01

    We report an optically induced reduction of the f -d hybridization in the prototypical heavy-fermion compound YbRh2Si2 . We use femtosecond time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to monitor changes of spectral weight and binding energies of the Yb 4 f and Rh 4 d states before the lattice temperature increases after pumping. Overall, the f -d hybridization decreases smoothly with increasing electronic temperature up to ˜250 K but changes slope at ˜100 K . This temperature scale coincides with the onset of coherent Kondo scattering and with thermally populating the first excited crystal electrical field level. Extending previous photoemission studies, we observe a persistent f -d hybridization up to at least ˜250 K , which is far larger than the coherence temperature defined by transport but in agreement with the temperature dependence of the noninteger Yb valence. Our data underlines the distinction of probes accessing spin and charge degrees of freedom in strongly correlated systems.

  6. The upconversion luminescence and magnetism in Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} co-doped LaF{sub 3} nanocrystals for potential bimodal imaging

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Syamchand, Sasidharanpillai S., E-mail: syamchand.ss@gmail.com; George, Sony, E-mail: emailtosony@gmail.com [University of Kerala, Department of Chemistry (India)

    2016-12-15

    Biocompatible upconversion nanoparticles with multifunctional properties can serve as potential nanoprobes for multimodal imaging. Herein, we report an upconversion nanocrystal based on lanthanum fluoride which is developed to address the imaging modalities, upconversion luminescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lanthanide ions (Yb{sup 3+} and Ho{sup 3+}) doped LaF{sub 3} nanocrystals (LaF{sub 3} Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+}) are fabricated through a rapid microwave-assisted synthesis. The hexagonal phase LaF{sub 3} nanocrystals exhibit nearly spherical morphology with average diameter of 9.8 nm. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis estimated the doping concentration of Yb{sup 3+} and Ho{sup 3+} as 3.99 and 0.41%, respectively. The nanocrystals show upconversion luminescence when irradiated with near-infrared (NIR) photons of wavelength 980 nm. The emission spectrum consists of bands centred at 542, 645 and 658 nm. The stronger green emission at 542 nm and the weak red emissions at 645 and 658 nm are assigned to {sup 5}S{sub 2} → {sup 5}I{sub 8} and {sup 5}F{sub 5} → {sup 5}I{sub 8} transitions of Ho{sup 3+}, respectively. The pump power dependence of luminescence intensity confirmed the two-photon upconversion process. The nanocrystals exhibit paramagnetism due to the presence of lanthanide ion dopant Ho{sup 3+} and the magnetization is 19.81 emu/g at room temperature. The nanocrystals exhibit a longitudinal relaxivity (r{sub 1}) of 0.12 s{sup −1} mM{sup −1} and transverse relaxivity (r{sub 2}) of 28.18 s{sup −1} mM{sup −1}, which makes the system suitable for developing T2 MRI contrast agents based on holmium. The LaF{sub 3} Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} nanocrystals are surface modified by PEGylation to improve biocompatibility and enhance further functionalisation. The PEGylated nanocrystals are found to be non-toxic up to 50 μg/mL for 48 h of incubation, which is confirmed by the MTT assay as well as

  7. Rhodium-rich silicides RERh{sub 6}Si{sub 4} (RE=La, Nd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Vosswinkel, Daniel; Poettgen, Rainer [Muenster Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie

    2017-07-01

    Polycrystalline RERh{sub 6}Si{sub 4} (RE=La, Nd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb) samples can be synthesized by arc-melting of the elements. Single crystals of LaRh{sub 6}Si{sub 4}, NdRh{sub 6}Si{sub 4} and YbRh{sub 6}Si{sub 4} were synthesized from the elements in bismuth fluxes (non-reactive flux medium). The structures were refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: LiCo{sub 6}P{sub 4} type, P anti 6m2, a=700.56(3), c=380.55(1) pm, wR2=0.0257, 317 F{sup 2} values, 19 variables for LaRh{sub 6}Si{sub 4}, a=698.4(5), c=377.7(2) pm, wR2=0.0578, 219 F{sup 2} values, 19 variables for NdRh{sub 6}Si{sub 4} and a=696.00(3), c=371.97(1) pm, wR2=0.0440, 309 F{sup 2} values, 19 variables for YbRh{sub 6}Si{sub 4}. The rhodium and silicon atoms build up three-dimensional, covalently bonded [Rh{sub 6}Si{sub 4}]{sup δ-} polyanionic networks with Rh-Si distances ranging from 239 to 249 pm. The rare earth atoms fill larger cavities within channels of these networks and they are coordinated by six silicon and twelve rhodium atoms in the form of hexa-capped hexagonal prisms.

  8. Photo darkening of rare earth doped silica

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mattsson, Kent Erik

    2011-01-01

    /2/11/2 chemical bond is formed on dioxasilirane which comprises the PD color center for the visible and near-infrared. Difference in solid acidity of the silica material co-doped with Yb/Al and Yb/P may explain the observed difference in spectral shapes by change of bond order to the formed chemical bond. © 2011...

  9. Design, synthesis and luminescence properties of Ba2 YB2 O6 Cl- and Ba2 YB2 O6 F-based phosphors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Wanping; Yang, Xin; Liu, Yan; Dai, Xiaoyan

    2015-05-01

    Using a high-temperature solid-state reaction, the chlorine in Ba2 YB2 O6 Cl is gradually replaced by F, and a new compound with the nominal chemical formula Ba2 YB2 O6 F and two phosphors doped with Ce(3+) and Eu(3+) , respectively, are obtained. X-Ray diffraction and photoluminescence spectroscopy are used to characterize the as-synthesized samples. The as-synthesized Ba2 YB2 O6 Cl exhibits bright blue emission in the spectral range ~ 330-410 nm with a maximum around 363 nm under X-ray or UV excitation. Ba2 YB2 O6 F:0.01Ce(3+) exhibits blue emission in the range ~ 340-570 nm with a maximum around 383 nm. Ba2 YB2 O6 F:0.01Eu(3+) exhibits a predominantly (5) D0 -(7)  F2 emission (~610 nm) and the relative intensities of the (5) D0 -(7)  F0,1,2 emissions are tunable under different wavelength UV excitation. The luminescence behaviors of the two phosphors are explained simply in terms of the host composition and site occupancy probability of Ce(3+) and Eu(3+) , respectively. The results indicate that these phosphors have potential application as a blue phosphor or as a red phosphor. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  10. Study on morphology of high-aspect-ratio grooves fabricated by using femtosecond laser irradiation and wet etching

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen, Tao; Pan, An; Li, Cunxia; Si, Jinhai; Hou, Xun

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • We studied morphologies of silicon grooves fabricated by laser irradiation and wet etching. • We found nano-ripple structures formed on the groove sidewall. • Formations of nano-ripples were due to the formation of standing wave and nanoplanes. • Remaining debris on the groove bottom was removed by KOH etching. - Abstract: Morphologies of high-aspect-ratio silicon grooves fabricated by using femtosecond laser irradiation and selective chemical etching of hydrofluoric acid (HF) were studied. Oxygen was deeply doped into silicon under femtosecond laser irradiation in air, and then the oxygen-doped regions were removed by HF etching to form high-aspect-ratio grooves. After HF etching, periodic nano-ripples which were induced in silicon by femtosecond laser were observed on the groove sidewalls. The ripple orientation was perpendicular or parallel to the laser propagation direction (z direction), which depended on the relative direction between the laser polarization direction and the scanning direction. The formation of nano-ripples with orientations perpendicular to z direction could be attributed to the standing wave generated by the interference of the incident light and the reflected light in z direction. The formation of nano-ripples with orientations parallel to z direction could be attributed to the formation of self-organized periodic nanoplanes (bulk nanogratings) induced by femtosecond laser inside silicon. Materials in the tail portion of laser-induced oxygen doping (LIOD) regions were difficult to be etched by HF solution due to low oxygen concentration. The specimen was etched further in KOH solution to remove remaining materials in LIOD regions and all-silicon grooves were fabricated

  11. Femtosecond Mode-locked Fiber Laser at 1 μm Via Optical Microfiber Dispersion Management.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Lizhen; Xu, Peizhen; Li, Yuhang; Han, Jize; Guo, Xin; Cui, Yudong; Liu, Xueming; Tong, Limin

    2018-03-16

    Mode-locked Yb-doped fiber lasers around 1 μm are attractive for high power applications and low noise pulse train generation. Mode-locked fiber lasers working in soliton and stretched-pulse regime outperform others in terms of the laser noise characteristics, mechanical stability and easy maintenance. However, conventional optical fibers always show a normal group velocity dispersion around 1 μm, leading to the inconvenience for necessary dispersion management. Here we show that optical microfibers having a large anomalous dispersion around 1 μm can be integrated into mode-locked Yb-doped fiber lasers with ultralow insertion loss down to -0.06 dB, enabling convenient dispersion management of the laser cavity. Besides, optical microfibers could also be adopted to spectrally broaden and to dechirp the ultrashort pulses outside the laser cavity, giving rise to a pulse duration of about 110 fs. We believe that this demonstration may facilitate all-fiber format high-performance ultrashort pulse generation at 1 μm and may find applications in precision measurements, large-scale facility synchronization and evanescent-field-based optical sensing.

  12. Sub-100 fs pulses from an all-polarization maintaining Yb-fiber oscillator with an anomalous dispersion higher-order-mode fiber

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Verhoef, A. J.; Zhu, L.; Israelsen, Stine Møller

    2015-01-01

    , was investigated for different settings of the intracavity dispersion. When the cavity is operated with close to zero net dispersion, highly stable 0.5-nJ pulses externally compressed to sub-100-fs are generated. These are to our knowledge the shortest pulses generated from an all-polarization-maintaining Yb-fiber......We present an Yb-fiber oscillator with an all-polarizationmaintaining cavity with a higher-order-mode fiber for dispersion compensation. The polarization maintaining higher order mode fiber introduces not only negative second order dispersion but also negative third order dispersion in the cavity......, in contrast to dispersion compensation schemes used in previous demonstrations of all-polarization maintaining Yb-fiber oscillators. The performance of the saturable absorber mirror modelocked oscillator, that employs a free space scheme for coupling onto the saturable absorber mirror and output coupling...

  13. Sub-100 fs pulses from an all-polarization maintaining Yb-fiber oscillator with an anomalous dispersion higher-order-mode fiber

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Verhoef, A.J.; Zhu, L.; Israelsen, Stine Møller

    2015-01-01

    , was investigated for different settings of the intracavity dispersion. When the cavity is operated with close to zero net dispersion, highly stable 0.5-nJ pulses externally compressed to sub-100-fs are generated. These are to our knowledge the shortest pulses generated from an all-polarization-maintaining Yb-fiber......We present an Yb-fiber oscillator with an all-polarization-maintaining cavity with a higher-order-mode fiber for dispersion compensation. The polarization maintaining higher order mode fiber introduces not only negative second order dispersion but also negative third order dispersion in the cavity......, in contrast to dispersion compensation schemes used in previous demonstrations of all-polarization maintaining Yb-fiber oscillators. The performance of the saturable absorber mirror modelocked oscillator, that employs a free space scheme for coupling onto the saturable absorber mirror and output coupling...

  14. Growth and characterization of Yb:Ho:YAG single crystal fiber

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Yilun; Ye, Linhua; Bao, Renjie; Li, Shanming; Zhang, Peixiong; Xu, Min; Hang, Yin

    2018-06-01

    High quality Yb and Ho co-doped Y3Al5O12 single crystal fibers have been successfully grown by the laser heated pedestal growth method of up to 124 mm in length and 450 μm in diameter for the first time. The results of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry analysis, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveal that the lattice structure and doping concentrations of the SCF are the same as that of the bulk. Scanning electron microscopy microphotographs shows that the fibers only have minor diameter fluctuations within 0.5%.

  15. High-efficiency cavity-dumped micro-chip Yb:YAG laser

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nishio, M.; Maruko, A.; Inoue, M.; Takama, M.; Matsubara, S.; Okunishi, H.; Kato, K.; Kyomoto, K.; Yoshida, T.; Shimabayashi, K.; Morioka, M.; Inayoshi, S.; Yamagata, S.; Kawato, S.

    2014-09-01

    High-efficiency cavity-dumped ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Yb:YAG) laser was developed. Although the high quantum efficiency of ytterbium-doped laser materials is appropriate for high-efficiency laser oscillation, the efficiency is decreased by their quasi-three/four laser natures. High gain operation by high intensity pumping is suitable for high efficiency oscillation on the quasi-three/four lasers without extremely low temperature cooling. In our group, highest efficiency oscillations for continuous wave, nanosecond to picosecond pulse lasers were achieved at room temperature by the high gain operation in which pump intensities were beyond 100 kW/cm2.

  16. Phase-stable, multi-µJ femtosecond pulses from a repetition-rate tunable Ti:Sa-oscillator-seeded Yb-fiber amplifier

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saule, T.; Holzberger, S.; De Vries, O.; Plötner, M.; Limpert, J.; Tünnermann, A.; Pupeza, I.

    2017-01-01

    We present a high-power, MHz-repetition-rate, phase-stable femtosecond laser system based on a phase-stabilized Ti:Sa oscillator and a multi-stage Yb-fiber chirped-pulse power amplifier. A 10-nm band around 1030 nm is split from the 7-fs oscillator output and serves as the seed for subsequent amplification by 54 dB to 80 W of average power. The µJ-level output is spectrally broadened in a solid-core fiber and compressed to 30 fs with chirped mirrors. A pulse picker prior to power amplification allows for decreasing the repetition rate from 74 MHz by a factor of up to 4 without affecting the pulse parameters. To compensate for phase jitter added by the amplifier to the feed-forward phase-stabilized seeding pulses, a self-referencing feed-back loop is implemented at the system output. An integrated out-of-loop phase noise of less than 100 mrad was measured in the band from 0.4 Hz to 400 kHz, which to the best of our knowledge corresponds to the highest phase stability ever demonstrated for high-power, multi-MHz-repetition-rate ultrafast lasers. This system will enable experiments in attosecond physics at unprecedented repetition rates, it offers ideal prerequisites for the generation and field-resolved electro-optical sampling of high-power, broadband infrared pulses, and it is suitable for phase-stable white light generation.

  17. Diode-pumped Yb:Sr5(PO4)3F laser performance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Marshall, C.D.; Payne, S.A.; Smith, L.K.

    1995-01-01

    The performance of the first diode-pumped Yb 3+ -doped Sr 5 (PO 4 ) 3 F (Yb:S-FAP) laser is discussed. We found the pumping dynamics and extraction cross-sections of Yb:S-FAP crystals to be similar to those previously inferred by purely spectroscopic techniques. The saturation fluence for pumping was measured to be 2.2 J/cm 2 using three different methods based on either the spatial, temporal, or energy transmission properties of a Yb:S-FAP rod. The small signal gain implies an emission cross section of 6.0 x 10 -20 cm 2 that falls within error bars of the previously reported value of 7.3 x 10 -20 cm 2 , obtained from spectroscopic techniques. Up to 1.7 J/cm 3 of stored energy density was achieved in a 6 x 6 x 44 mm Yb:S-FAP amplifier rod. An InGaAs diode array has been fabricated that has suitable specifications for pumping a 3 x 3 x 30 mm Yb:S-FAP rod. In a free running configuration diode-pumped slope efficiencies up to 43% were observed with output energies up to ∼0.5 J per 1 ms pulse. When the rod was mounted in a copper block for cooling, 13 W of average power was produced with power supply limited operation at 70 Hz and 500 μs pulses

  18. Femtosecond laser writing of waveguides in zinc phosphate glasses [Invited

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Fletcher, L.B.; Witcher, J.J.; Troy, N.; Reis, S.T.; Brow, R.K.; Martinez Vazquez, R.; Osellame, R.; Krol, D.M.

    2011-01-01

    We have studied the relationship between the initial glass composition and the structural changes associated with laser-induced refractive index modification in a series of Er-Yb doped and undoped zinc phosphate glasses. White light microscopy and waveguide experiments are used together with Raman

  19. Near-infrared photoluminescence in La0.98AlO3: 0.02Ln3+(Ln = Nd/Yb) for sensitization of c-Si solar cells

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sawala, N. S.; Koparkar, K. A.; Bajaj, N. S.; Omanwar, S. K.

    2016-05-01

    The host matrix LaAlO3 was synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method in which the Nd3+ ions and Yb3+ ions successfully doped at 2mol% concentrations. The phase purity was confirmed by X ray powder diffraction (XRD) method. The photoluminescence (PL) properties were studied by spectrophotometer in near infra red (NIR) and ultra violet visible (UV-VIS) region. The Nd3+ ion doped LaAlO3 converts a visible (VIS) green photon (587 nm) into near infrared (NIR) photon (1070 nm) while Yb3+ ion doped converts ultra violet (UV) photon (221 nm) into NIR photon (980 nm). The La0.98AlO3: 0.02Ln3+(Ln = Nd / Yb) can be potentiality used for betterment of photovoltaic (PV) technology. This result further indicates its potential application as a luminescence converter layer for enhancing solar cells performance.

  20. Comparison on different repetition rate locking methods in Er-doped fiber laser

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Kangwen; Zhao, Peng; Luo, Jiang; Huang, Kun; Hao, Qiang; Zeng, Heping

    2018-05-01

    We demonstrate a systematic comparative research on the all-optical, mechanical and opto-mechanical repetition rate control methods in an Er-doped fiber laser. A piece of Yb-doped fiber, a piezoelectric transducer and an electronic polarization controller are simultaneously added in the laser cavity as different cavity length modulators. By measuring the cavity length tuning ranges, the output power fluctuations, the temporal and frequency repetition rate stability, we show that all-optical method introduces the minimal disturbances under current experimental condition.

  1. Highly scalable, resonantly cladding-pumped, Er-doped fiber laser with record efficiency.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dubinskii, M; Zhang, J; Ter-Mikirtychev, V

    2009-05-15

    We report the performance of a resonantly cladding-pumped, Yb-free, Er-doped fiber laser. We believe this is the first reported resonantly cladding-pumped fiber-Bragg-grating-based, Er-doped, large-mode-area (LMA) fiber laser. The laser, pumped by fiber-coupled InGaAsP/InP laser diode modules at 1,532.5 nm, delivers approximately 48 W of cw output at 1,590 nm. It is believed to be the highest power ever reported from a Yb-free Er-doped LMA fiber. This fully integrated laser also has the optical-to-optical efficiency of approximately 57%, to the best of our knowledge, the highest efficiency reported for cladding-pumped unidirectionally emitting Er-doped laser.

  2. Spectroscopic properties of Er3+/Yb3+ Co-doped zinc boro-tellurite glasses for 1.5 xB5m broadband optical amplifiers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Suthanthirakumar, P.; Karthikeyan, P.; Vijayakumar, R.; Marimuthu, K.

    2015-06-01

    A new series of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped Zinc boro-tellurite glasses with the chemical composition (40-x-y)B2O3+ 25TeO2+20ZnO+15BaO+xYb2O3+yEr2O3 (where x = 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 3; y =1 in wt %) were prepared by melt quenching technique and their spectroscopic behavior were studied through UV-Vis-NIR absorption and NIR luminescence measurements. The bonding parameters (β ¯ and δ) and Judd-Ofelt (JO) intensity parameters Ωλ (λ=2, 4 and 6) have been calculated from the band positions of the absorption spectra. A broad near-infrared emission band at 1540 nm with a full width at half maximum around 80 nm was observed from the NIR luminescence spectra by monitoring an excitation at 980 nm. The absorption cross-section and emission cross-section for the4I13/2→4I15/2 transition of the Er3+ ions were also determined using McCumber theory and the results were discussed and reported.

  3. Efficient green and red up-conversion emissions in Er/Yb co-doped TiO{sub 2} nanopowders prepared by hydrothermal-assisted sol–gel process

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Salhi, Rached, E-mail: salhi_rached@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire de chimie industrielle, Ecole Nationale d’ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, 3018 Sfax (Tunisia); Deschanvres, Jean-Luc [Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique, 3 Parvis Louis Néel, BP 257, 38016 Grenoble (France)

    2016-08-15

    In this work, erbium and ytterbium co-doped titanium dioxide (Er–Yb:TiO{sub 2}) nanopowders have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal-assisted sol–gel method using supercritical drying of ethyl alcohol and annealing at 500 °C for 1 h. Nanopowders were prepared with fixed 5 mol% Erbium concentration and various Ytterbium concentrations of 5 and 10 mol%. The powders were characterized by studying their structural, morphology and photo-luminescent properties. The annealing treatment at 500 °C was found to enhance the crystallinity of the TiO{sub 2} anatase structure and the upconversion (UC) emission of the nanopowders. UC emissions were investigated under 980 nm excitation, and the Er–Yb:TiO{sub 2} nanopowders exhibited the intense green (520–570 nm) and red (640–690 nm) upconverted emissions of Er ions originating from an efficient Yb–Er energy transfer process. The absolute upconversion quantum yield (UC-QY) of each nanopowders was measured for the UC emissions centered at 525, 550 and 655 nm at varying excitation power densities. UC-QY analysis has revealed that 5 mol% Er–5 mol% Yb:TiO{sub 2} nanopowders possess the highest total quantum yield of 2.8±0.1% with a power density of 16.7 W/cm{sup 2}. These results make these nanopowders promising materials for efficient upconversion in photonic applications.

  4. Near infra red light emitting Y2Sn2O7: Yb-Er nanoparticles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nigam, Sandeep; Sudarsan, V.; Vatsa, R.K.

    2011-01-01

    There is an increasing interest in erbium doped nanomaterials host, since they emit in the near-infrared region and are potential candidates for optical telecommunication, high-power and infrared lasers. Further, erbium-ytterbium-co-doped matrices have been particularly investigated as Yb 3+ ions play the role of sensitizers. In the present work, Y 2 Sn 2 O 7 nanoparticles co-doped with lanthanide ions Yb 3+ and Er 3+ were prepared based on the urea hydrolysis of Y 3+ , Sn 4+ , and Ln 3+ in ethylene glycol medium at 150 deg C followed by heating at 700 deg C. As prepared samples are amorphous in nature, and the sample heated at 700 deg C showed well crystalline pyrochlore structure. Based on TEM studies, it has been established that nano-particles are highly crystalline, with size range in the range of 2-5 nm. Luminescence measurements were carried out for the as prepared samples and those heated at 700 deg C. As prepared sampled showed very poor luminescence. However on heating to 700 deg C, strong emission in the NIR region was observed upon UV-excitation as can be seen. The peak observed around 1530 nm has been attributed to 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition of Er 3+ and the peak around 980 nm is due to 2 F 5/2 → 2 F 7/2 transition of Yb 3+ . (author)

  5. Effects of Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} doping on structural and non-linear optical properties of LiNaSO{sub 4}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Palmero, I.C. [Departamento de Fisica Basica, Electronica y Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200, San Cristobal de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain); Gonzalez-Silgo, C. [Departamento de Fisica Fundamental II, Electronica y Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200, San Cristobal de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain); Torres, M.E. [Departamento de Fisica Basica, Electronica y Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200, San Cristobal de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain); Marrero-Lopez, D. [Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Electronica y Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200, San Cristobal de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain); Rivera-Lopez, Fernando [Departamento de Fisica Fundamental y Experimental, Electronica y Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200, San Cristobal de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain)], E-mail: frivera@ull.es; Haro-Gonzalez, P. [Departamento de Fisica Fundamental y Experimental, Electronica y Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38200, San Cristobal de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain); Solans, X. [Departament de Cristallografia, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028, Barcelona (Spain)

    2008-05-15

    We have characterized LiNaSO{sub 4} crystals doped with rare earth (RE) (Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+}) to give new insights about their structural properties relations. The samples were analyzed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and differential thermal analysis. The non-centrosymmetry was confirmed second-harmonic generation. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and emission experiments confirmed the nominal concentrations of the REs. Crystallographic data and two empirical models were employed to understand the structural modifications by substitution of the Na site which reduces, monotonically, the non-linear optical coefficients and the temperature of the phase transition in these crystals.

  6. Synthesis and characterization of the novel rare earth orthophosphates Y0.5Er0.5PO4 and Y0.5Yb0.5PO4

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schildhammer, Daniel; Petschnig, Lucas L.; Fuhrmann, Gerda; Heymann, Gunter; Schottenberger, Herwig; Huppertz, Hubert; Tribus, Martina

    2016-01-01

    The new mixed rare earth (RE) orthophosphates Y 0.5 Er 0.5 PO 4 and Y 0.5 Yb 0.5 PO 4 were synthesized by a classical solid state reaction in an electrical furnace at 1200 C. As starting materials, the corresponding rare earth oxides and diammonium hydrogen phosphate were used. The powder diffraction analyses revealed that the new compounds Y 0.5 Er 0.5 PO 4 and Y 0.5 Yb 0.5 PO 4 crystallize in a zircon-type structure being isostructural with the rare earth orthophosphate YPO 4 . Y 0.5 Er 0.5 PO 4 and Y 0.5 Yb 0.5 PO 4 crystallize in the tetragonal space group I4 1 /amd (no. 141) with four formula units in the unit cell. The structural parameters based on Rietveld refinements are a = 687.27(2), c = 601.50(2) pm, V = 0.28412(1) nm 3 , R p = 0.0143, and R wp = 0.0186 (all data) for Y 0.5 Er 0.5 PO 4 and a = 684.61(2), c = 599.31(2) pm, V = 0.28089(2) nm 3 , R p = 0.0242, and R wp = 0.0313 (all data) for Y 0.5 Yb 0.5 PO 4 . Furthermore, the structure of Y 0.5 Er 0.5 PO 4 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data: a = 687.78(5), c = 601.85(4) pm, V = 0.28470(5) nm 3 , R 1 = 0.0165, and wR 2 = 0.0385 (all data). In both compounds, the rare earth metal ions are eightfold coordinated by oxygen atoms, forming two unique interlocking tetrahedra with two individual RE-O distances. The tetrahedral phosphate groups [PO 4 ] 3- are slightly distorted in both compounds. The individual rare earth ions share a common position (Wyckoff site 4a). The presence of two rare earth ions in the structures of the new orthophosphates Y 0.5 Er 0.5 PO 4 and Y 0.5 Yb 0.5 PO 4 was additionally confirmed by single-crystal EDX spectroscopy revealing a ratio of 1:1.

  7. 2.43 kW narrow linewidth linearly polarized all-fiber amplifier based on mode instability suppression

    Science.gov (United States)

    Su, Rongtao; Tao, Rumao; Wang, Xiaolin; Zhang, Hanwei; Ma, Pengfei; Zhou, Pu; Xu, Xiaojun

    2017-08-01

    We demonstrate an experimental study on scaling mode instability (MI) threshold in fiber amplifiers based on fiber coiling. The experimental results show that coiling the active fiber in the cylindrical spiral shape is superior to the coiling in the plane spiral shape. When the polarization maintained Yb-doped fiber (PM YDF: with a core/inner-cladding diameter of 20/400 µm) is coiled on an aluminous plate with a bend diameter of 9-16 cm, the MI threshold is ~1.55 kW. When such a PM YDF is coiled on an aluminous cylinder with diameter of 9 cm, no MI is observed at the output power of 2.43 kW, which is limited by the available pump power. The spectral width and polarization extinction ratio is 0.255 nm and 18.3 dB, respectively, at 2.43 kW. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest output power from a linear polarized narrow linewidth all-fiberized amplifier. By using a theoretical model, the potential MI-free scaling capability in such an amplifier is estimated to be 3.5 kW.

  8. Tunable and switchable dual-wavelength single polarization narrow linewidth SLM erbium-doped fiber laser based on a PM-CMFBG filter.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yin, Bin; Feng, Suchun; Liu, Zhibo; Bai, Yunlong; Jian, Shuisheng

    2014-09-22

    A tunable and switchable dual-wavelength single polarization narrow linewidth single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser based on polarization-maintaining chirped moiré fiber Bragg grating (PM-CMFBG) filter is proposed and demonstrated. For the first time as we know, the CMFBG inscribed on the PM fiber is applied for the wavelength-tunable and-switchable dual-wavelength laser. The PM-CMFBG filter with ultra-narrow transmission band (0.1 pm) and a uniform polarization-maintaining fiber Bragg grating (PM-FBG) are used to select the laser longitudinal mode. The stable single polarization SLM operation is guaranteed by the PM-CMFBG filter and polarization controller. A tuning range of about 0.25 nm with about 0.075 nm step is achieved by stretching the uniform PM-FBG. Meanwhile, the linewidth of the fiber laser for each wavelength is approximate 6.5 and 7.1 kHz with a 20 dB linewidth, which indicates the laser linewidth is approximate 325 Hz and 355 Hz FWHM.

  9. Highly Yb-doped KGd(WO4)2 thin-film amplifier

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Yong, Yean Sheng; Aravazhi, S.; Vázquez-Córdova, Sergio Andrés; García Blanco, Sonia Maria; Pollnau, Markus

    We report record-high small-signal gain of 1050 dB/cm at 981 nm wavelength in a KGd0.425Yb0.575(WO4)2 thin film. The sensitivity of gain to the shift of beam-focus position, which is critical under non-waveguiding conditions, is investigated.

  10. Synthesis and characterization of KY3F10 and KY3F10:Yb:Nd:Tm crystals for optical applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Linhares, Horacio Marconi da Silva Dantas

    2009-01-01

    In this work, crystals of KY 3 F 10 pure and doped with Yb, Nd and Tm were grown aiming at the attainment of blue emission via Tm 3+ ions up conversion. It was established the best conditions to synthesis and purification of KY 3 F 10 . Crystals doped with 1.3 mol% Nd, 0.5 mol% Tm and some concentrations of Yb (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mol%) were obtained by slow cooling of the charge from the melt, using an usual conventional synthesis system and in a reactive HF atmosphere. It was taken into account parameters as cooling rate and different configurations of boats to conditioning the materials. The limit of Yb concentration to obtain a unique cubic phase was determined as 30mol%, for the cooling rates used in this work. The physical and chemical characterizations of the samples were performed by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), scanning electron microscopy, optical absorption and emission. An initial spectroscopic study was performed to verify the effect of the Yb 3+ concentration regarding the blue emission efficiency in the KY 3 F 10 :Yb:Nd:Tm. When the Nd 3+ is pumped at 797 nm, it was determined that the suitable Yb concentrations are between 10 and 20 mol% to obtain blue emission at 480 nm, and between 20 and 30 mol% to obtain emission at 450 nm. It was observed that two emissions bands in the UV (350 and 360nm) enhanced proportionally with the Yb 3+ concentration. (author)

  11. Ionic conductivity of co-doped Sc2O3-ZrO2 ceramics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Omar, Shobit; bin Najib, Waqas; Chen, Weiwu

    2012-01-01

    The oxide ionic conductivity of Sc0.18Zr0.82O1.91 doped with 0.5 mol.% of both Yb2O3 and In2O3 is evaluated at various temperatures in air. Among various co-doped compositions, In0.02Sc0.18Zr0.80O1.90 exhibits the highest grain ionic conductivity followed by Yb0.02Sc0.18Zr0.80O1.90 at 500°C....... However, it also possesses phase transformation from c- to β-phase at 475°C on cooling. In the present work, an attempt is made to completely stabilize the cphase in In0.02Sc0.18Zr0.80O1.90 by substituting 0.5 mol.% of In2O3 with Yb2O3, which can enhance the ionic conductivity in co-doped compositions....

  12. Optical transitions of Ho(3+) in oxyfluoride glasses and upconversion luminescence of Ho(3+)/Yb(3+)-codoped oxyfluoride glasses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Feng, Li; Wu, Yinsu

    2015-05-05

    Optical properties of Ho(3+)-doped SiO2-BaF2-ZnF2 glasses have been investigated on the basis of the Judd-Ofelt theory. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters, radiative transition probabilities, fluorescence branching ratios and radiative lifetimes have been calculated for different glass compositions. Upconversion emissions were observed in Ho(3+)/Yb(3+)-codoped SiO2-BaF2-ZnF2 glasses under 980nm excitation. The effects of composition, concentration of the doping ions, and excitation pump power on the upconversion emissions were also systematically studied. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  13. Fabrication and evaluation of chitosan/NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+ upconversion nanoparticles composite beads based on the gelling of Pickering emulsion droplets.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yan, Huiqiong; Chen, Xiuqiong; Shi, Jia; Shi, Zaifeng; Sun, Wei; Lin, Qiang; Wang, Xianghui; Dai, Zihao

    2017-02-01

    The rare earth ion doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) synthesized by hydrophobic organic ligands possess poor solubility and low fluorescence quantum yield in aqueous media. To conquer this issue, NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, were coated with F127 and then assembled with chitosan to fabricate the chitosan/NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ composite beads (CS/NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ CBs) by Pickering emulsion system. The characterization results revealed that the as-synthesized NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs with an average size of 20nm exhibited spherical morphology, high crystallinity and characteristic emission upconversion fluorescence with an overall blue color output. The NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs were successfully conjugated on the surface of chitosan beads by the gelling of emulsion droplets. The resultant CS/NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ CBs showed good upconversion luminescent property, drug-loading capacity, release performance and excellent biocompatibility, exhibiting great potentials in targeted drug delivery and tissue engineering with potential tracking capability and lasting release performance. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  14. Remote Water Temperature Measurements Based on Brillouin Scattering with a Frequency Doubled Pulsed Yb:doped Fiber Amplifier

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thomas Walther

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Temperature profiles of the ocean are of interest for weather forecasts, climate studies and oceanography in general. Currently, mostly in situ techniques such as fixed buoys or bathythermographs deliver oceanic temperature profiles. A LIDAR method based on Brillouin scattering is an attractive alternative for remote sensing of such water temperature profiles. It makes it possible to deliver cost-effective on-line data covering an extended region of the ocean. The temperature measurement is based on spontaneous Brillouin scattering in water. In this contribution, we present the first water temperature measurements using a Yb:doped pulsed fiber amplifier. The fiber amplifier is a custom designed device which can be operated in a vibrational environment while emitting narrow bandwidth laser pulses. The device shows promising performance and demonstrates the feasibility of this approach. Furthermore, the current status of the receiver is briefly discussed; it is based on an excited state Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter.

  15. Color tunability in green, red and infra-red upconversion emission in Tm{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} co-doped CeO{sub 2} with potential application for improvement of efficiency in solar cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Carvalho, Luiz G.A.; Rocha, Leonardo A.; Buarque, Juliana M.M. [Laboratório de Materiais Inorgânicos Fotoluminescentes e Polímeros Biodegradáveis (LAFOP), Grupo de Pesquisa em Química de Materiais – (GPQM), Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, 36301-160 São João Del Rei, MG (Brazil); Gonçalves, Rogéria Rocha [Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP (Brazil); Nascimento Jr, Clébio S. [Laboratório de Química Teórica e Computacional – (LQTC), Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, 36301-160 São João del-Rei, MG (Brazil); and others

    2015-03-15

    The preparation of Tm{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} co-doped CeO{sub 2} prepared by the precipitation method using ammonium hydroxide as a precursor is presented. By X-ray diffraction the materials show the phase-type of fluorite structure and the crystallite sizes were calculated by the Scherrer's equation. No other phase was observed evincing that the rare earth ions were inserted into the fluorite phase as substitutional or interstitial dopants. The microstrain calculated by the Williamson–Hall method do not show significant changes in their values, indicating that the inclusion of rare earths does not causes structural changes in the CeO{sub 2} used as a host matrix. All material showed intense upconversion emission at red and green region under excitation with diode laser at 980 nm. The color of emission changes from green to red with increasing excitation power pump. The materials showed suitable photoluminescent properties for applications as a laser source, solar cells, and great emitter at 800 nm. - Highlights: • Tm{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+}/Ho{sup 3+} co-doped CeO{sub 2} prepared by the simple way. • Intense upconversion emission regions and the tunability of emission color by the laser power pump. • The materials showed suitable photoluminescent properties for different applications.

  16. Broadband down-conversion based near infrared quantum cutting in Eu{sup 2+}–Yb{sup 3+} co-doped SrAl{sub 2}O{sub 4} for crystalline silicon solar cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tai, Yuping, E-mail: yupingtai@126.com [Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069 (China); Zheng, Guojun, E-mail: zhengguojun88@126.com [Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069 (China); Wang, Hui, E-mail: huiwang@nwu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069 (China); National Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology and Functional Materials Culture Base, National Photoelectric Technology and Functional Materials & Application of International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi' an 710069 (China); Bai, Jintao, E-mail: baijt@nwu.edu.cn [National Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology and Functional Materials Culture Base, National Photoelectric Technology and Functional Materials & Application of International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Institute of Photonics & Photon-Technology, Northwest University, Xi' an 710069 (China)

    2015-03-15

    Near infrared (NIR) quantum cutting involving the down conversion of an absorbed visible photon to emission of two NIR photons was achieved in SrAl{sub 2}O{sub 4}:0.01Eu{sup 2+}, xYb{sup 3+} (x=0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30 mol%) samples. The photoluminescence properties of samples in visible and NIR regions were measured to verify the energy transfer (ET) from Eu{sup 2+} to Yb{sup 3+}. The results demonstrated that Eu{sup 2+} was an efficient sensitizer for Yb{sup 3+} in the SrAl{sub 2}O{sub 4} host lattice. According to Gaussian fitting analysis and temperature-dependent luminescence experiments, the conclusion was drawn that the cooperative energy transfer (CET) process dominated the ET process and the influence of charge transfer state (CTS) of Yb{sup 3+} could be negligible. As a result, the high energy transfer efficiency (ETE) and quantum yield (QY) have been acquired, the maximum value approached 73.68% and 147.36%, respectively. Therefore, this down-conversion material has potential application in crystalline silicon solar cells to improve conversion efficiency. - Graphical abstract: Near infrared quantum cutting was achieved in Eu{sup 2+}–Yb{sup 3+} co-doped SrAl{sub 2}O{sub 4} samples. The cooperative energy transfer process dominated energy transfer process and high energy transfer efficiency was acquired. - Highlights: • The absorption spectrum of Eu{sup 2+} ion is strong in intensity and broad in bandwidth. • The spectra of Eu{sup 2+} in SrAl{sub 2}O{sub 4} lies in the strongest region of solar spectrum. • The cooperative energy transfer (CET) dominated the energy transfer process. • The domination of CET is confirmed by experimental analysis. • SrAl{sub 2}O{sub 4}:Eu{sup 2+},Yb{sup 3+} show high energy transfer efficiency and long lifetime.

  17. Role of monovalent alkali ions in the Yb{sup 3+} centers of CaF{sub 2} laser crystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hraiech, Sana [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials (LPCML), University of Lyon, Claude Bernard/Lyon 1 University, UMR 5620 CNRS, La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Jouini, Anis [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials (LPCML), University of Lyon, Claude Bernard/Lyon 1 University, UMR 5620 CNRS, La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); IMRAM, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Jin Kim, Kyoung [IMRAM, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Guyot, Yannick [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials (LPCML), University of Lyon, Claude Bernard/Lyon 1 University, UMR 5620 CNRS, La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Yoshikawa, Akira [IMRAM, Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Boulon, Georges, E-mail: georges.boulon@pcml.univ-lyon1.f [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials (LPCML), University of Lyon, Claude Bernard/Lyon 1 University, UMR 5620 CNRS, La Doua, 69622 Villeurbanne (France)

    2010-03-15

    Yb{sup 3+} and M{sup +} monovalent alkali ions (M{sup +} = Li{sup +}, Na{sup +}, K{sup +})-co-doped CaF{sub 2} cubic laser crystals were grown by the micro-pulling-down method ({mu}-PD) under CF{sub 4} atmosphere. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations of Yb{sup 3+} in substitution of Ca{sup 2+} (absorption, emission and decay curves) were carried out to study the effect of M{sup +} ions as charge compensators.

  18. Femtosecond Fiber Lasers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bock, Katherine J.

    This thesis focuses on research I have done on ytterbium-doped femtosecond fiber lasers. These lasers operate in the near infrared region, lasing at 1030 nm. This wavelength is particularly important in biomedical applications, which includes but is not limited to confocal microscopy and ablation for surgical incisions. Furthermore, fiber lasers are advantageous compared to solid state lasers in terms of their cost, form factor, and ease of use. Solid state lasers still dominate the market due to their comparatively high energy pulses. High energy pulse generation in fiber lasers is hindered by either optical wave breaking or by multipulsing. One of the main challenges for fiber lasers is to overcome these limitations to achieve high energy pulses. The motivation for the work done in this thesis is increasing the output pulse peak power and energy. The main idea of the work is that decreasing the nonlinearity that acts on the pulse inside the cavity will prevent optical wave breaking, and thus will generate higher energy pulses. By increasing the output energy, ytterbium-doped femtosecond fiber lasers can be competitive with solid state lasers which are used commonly in research. Although fiber lasers tend to lack the wavelength tuning ability of solid state lasers, many biomedical applications take advantage of the 1030 microm central wavelength of ytterbium-doped fiber lasers, so the major limiting factor of fiber lasers in this field is simply the output power. By increasing the output energy without resorting to external amplification, the cavity is optimized and cost can remain low and economical. During verification of the main idea, the cavity was examined for possible back-reflections and for components with narrow spectral bandwidths which may have contributed to the presence of multipulsing. Distinct cases of multipulsing, bound pulse and harmonic mode-locking, were observed and recorded as they may be of more interest in the future. The third

  19. Template-free synthesis and luminescent properties of hollow Ln:YOF (Ln = Eu or Er + Yb) microspheres

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Martinez-Castro, E. [Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de La Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla (Spain); García-Sevillano, J.; Cussó, F. [Dpto. Física de Materiales, C-04, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049 Madrid (Spain); Ocaña, M., E-mail: mjurado@icmse.csic.es [Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de La Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla (Spain)

    2015-01-15

    Highlights: • Hollow lanthanide doped YOF spheres have been synthesised through a template-free procedure. • Strong red emissions are observed for Eu-doped spheres under UV illumination. • Concentration quenching of luminescence takes place in the spheres at very high Eu doping levels. • Bright red emission is observed for Er, Yb codoped spheres, making this matrix advantageous for biomedical imaging. - Abstract: A method for the synthesis of hollow lanthanide doped yttrium oxyfluoride (YOF) spheres in the micrometer size range with cubic structure based on the pyrolysis at 600 °C of liquid aerosols generated from aqueous solutions containing the corresponding rare earth chlorides and trifluoroacetic acid has been developed. This procedure, which has been used for the first time for the synthesis of YFO based materials, is simpler and advantageous when compared with other methods usually employed for the production of hollow spheres since it does not require the use of sacrificial templates. In addition, it is continuous, which is desirable because of practical reasons. The procedure is also suitable for doping the YOF spheres with europium cations resulting in down converting red phosphors when activated with UV light, or for co-doping with both Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} giving rise to up-converting phosphors, which emit intense red light under near infrared (NIR) irradiation. Because of their optical properties and hollow architecture, the developed materials may find applications in optoelectronic devices and biotechnology.

  20. Effect of doped ceria interlayer on cathode performance of the electrochemical cell using proton conducting oxide

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sakai, Takaaki; Matsushita, Shotaro; Hyodo, Junji; Okuyama, Yuji; Matsuka, Maki; Ishihara, Tatsumi; Matsumoto, Hiroshige

    2012-01-01

    Highlights: ► Ce 0.8 Yb 0.2 O 2−δ (YbDC) interlayer conducted a large amount of protons. ► YbDC can work as cathode interlayer for proton conducting electrolyte cells. ► Cathode overpotential of the YbDC interlayer cells showed a plateau at about 400 mV. - Abstract: Introduction of doped ceria interlayer to cathode/electrolyte interface of the electrochemical cell with proton conducting electrolyte was investigated using thin Ce 0.8 Yb 0.2 O 2−δ (YbDC) interlayer of about 500 nm thickness. YbDC interlayer conducted a large amount of protons as much as 170 mA cm −2 . It was also found that cathode overpotential of the YbDC interlayer cells consistently showed a plateau at about 400 mV, at which that of the non-interlayer cells did not show, suggesting a possibility that cathode reaction is changed by introducing the doped ceria interlayer. This result also indicates that the interlayer showed high activity for cathode reaction when enough cathodic bias was applied. Especially, the interlayer showed high activity for the improvement of poor cathode reaction between SrZr 0.9 Y 0.1 O 3−α (SZY-91) electrolyte and platinum cathode.

  1. Research of the mode instability threshold in high power double cladding Yb-doped fiber amplifiers

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wang, Yanshan; Ma, Yi; Sun, Yinhong; Peng, Wanjing; Tang, Chun [Institute of Applied Electronics, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan (China); The Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High Energy Laser, CAEP, Mianyang, Sichuan (China); Liu, Qinyong; Ke, Weiwei [Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, CAEP, Beijing (China); Wang, Xiaojun [Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, CAEP, Beijing (China); Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, Beijing (China)

    2017-08-15

    We experimentally investigate the behavior of the mode instability (MI) threshold in the double cladding Yb-doped fiber amplifier when the amplifier is pumped by broad linewidth laser diodes and narrow linewidth laser diodes respectively. It is found that the MI threshold increases by 26% when the amplifier is pumped by the broad linewidth laser diodes. Experiment results show that the MI threshold is affected by the local heat load rather than the average or the total heat load. The calculation shows that the local heat deposit actually plays the key role to stimulate the MI behaviour. At the MI threshold position in the fiber, the local heat deposit also changes dramatically. The effect of the thermal conductivity on the MI threshold is also studied. Our investigation shows that the MI threshold increases from 1269 W to 1950 W when the thermal conductivity of the fiber amplifier is increased from 0.3 W/(m . K) to 5 W/(m . K). Through optimizing the pump linewidth and the cooling efficiency of the gain fiber, the MI threshold is doubled in our experiment. (copyright 2017 by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  2. Research of the mode instability threshold in high power double cladding Yb-doped fiber amplifiers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, Yanshan; Ma, Yi; Sun, Yinhong; Peng, Wanjing; Tang, Chun; Liu, Qinyong; Ke, Weiwei; Wang, Xiaojun

    2017-01-01

    We experimentally investigate the behavior of the mode instability (MI) threshold in the double cladding Yb-doped fiber amplifier when the amplifier is pumped by broad linewidth laser diodes and narrow linewidth laser diodes respectively. It is found that the MI threshold increases by 26% when the amplifier is pumped by the broad linewidth laser diodes. Experiment results show that the MI threshold is affected by the local heat load rather than the average or the total heat load. The calculation shows that the local heat deposit actually plays the key role to stimulate the MI behaviour. At the MI threshold position in the fiber, the local heat deposit also changes dramatically. The effect of the thermal conductivity on the MI threshold is also studied. Our investigation shows that the MI threshold increases from 1269 W to 1950 W when the thermal conductivity of the fiber amplifier is increased from 0.3 W/(m . K) to 5 W/(m . K). Through optimizing the pump linewidth and the cooling efficiency of the gain fiber, the MI threshold is doubled in our experiment. (copyright 2017 by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  3. Switchable Q-switched and modelocked operation in ytterbium doped fiber laser under all-normal-dispersion configuration

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mukhopadhyay, Pranb K., E-mail: pkm@rrcat.gov.in; Gupta, Pradeep K.; Singh, Chandra Pal; Singh, Amarjeet; Sharma, Sunil K.; Bindra, Kushvinder S.; Oak, Shrikant M. [Solid State Laser Division, Raja Ramanna Center for Advanced Technology, Indore, M.P. 452013 (India)

    2015-03-15

    We have constructed an Yb-doped fiber laser in all-normal-dispersion configuration which can be independently operated in Q-switched or modelocked configuration with the help of a simple fiber optic ring resonator (FORR). In the presence of FORR, the laser operates in Q-switched mode producing stable pulses in the range of 1 μs-200 ns with repetition rate in the range of 45 kHz-82 kHz. On the other hand, the laser can be easily switched to mode-locked operation by disjoining the FORR loop producing train of ultrashort pulses of ∼5 ps duration (compressible to ∼150 fs) at ∼38 MHz repetition rate. The transmission characteristics of FORR in combination with the nonlinear polarization rotation for passive Q-switching operation is numerically investigated and experimentally verified. The laser can serve as a versatile seed source for power amplifier which can be easily configured for application in the fields that require different pulsed fiber lasers.

  4. Direct Comparison of Yb.sup.3+./sup.:CaF.sub.2./sub. and heavily doped Yb.sup.3+./sup.:YLF as laser media at room temperature

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pirri, A.; Alderighi, D.; Toci, G.; Vannini, M.; Nikl, Martin; Sato, H.

    2009-01-01

    Roč. 17, č. 20 (2009), s. 18312-18319 ISSN 1094-4087 Grant - others:AV ČR(CZ) M100100910 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100521 Keywords : Yb 3+ :YLF * Yb 3+ :CaF 2 * solid state laser * diode pumped Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism Impact factor: 3.278, year: 2009

  5. Yb valence state in Yb{sub 5}Rh{sub 4}Ge{sub 10}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sato, Hitoshi; Arita, Masashi; Shimada, Kenya; Namatame, Hirofumi; Taniguchi, Masaki [Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima (Japan); Utsumi, Yuki [Synchrotron SOLEIL, L' Orme des Merisiers, Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Katoh, Kenichi [Department of Applied Physics, National Defense Academy, Yokosuka (Japan); Mimura, Kojiro [Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai (Japan); Ueda, Shigenori [Synchrotron X-ray Station at SPring-8, National Institute for Materials Science, Hyogo (Japan); Quantum Beam Unit, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba (Japan); Yamaoka, Hitoshi [RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo (Japan); Rousuli, Awabaikeli [Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima (Japan); Umeo, Kazunori [NBARD, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima (Japan)

    2017-06-15

    Temperature- and pressure-dependent Yb valence state in Yb{sub 5}Rh{sub 4}Ge{sub 10} has been investigated by means of Yb 3d hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) and Yb L{sub 3} absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The mean Yb valence derived from the Yb 3d HAXPES is estimated to be ∝2.78 at 300 K and decreases to ∝2.74 at 20 K. On the other hand, the Yb valence deduced from the Yb L{sub 3} XAS at 300 K is almost constant with ∝2.81 in the pressure range between 9.2 and 34.7 GPa. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  6. Near-infrared photoluminescence in La{sub 0.98}AlO{sub 3}: {sub 0.02}Ln{sup 3+}(Ln = Nd/Yb) for sensitization of c-Si solar cells

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sawala, N. S., E-mail: nssawala@gmail.com; Koparkar, K. A.; Omanwar, S. K. [Department of Physics, SantGadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati - MH, 444602 (India); Bajaj, N. S. [Department of Physics, Toshniwal Art, Commerce and Science College, Sengoan, Hingoli - MH (India)

    2016-05-06

    The host matrix LaAlO{sub 3} was synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method in which the Nd{sup 3+} ions and Yb{sup 3+} ions successfully doped at 2mol% concentrations. The phase purity was confirmed by X ray powder diffraction (XRD) method. The photoluminescence (PL) properties were studied by spectrophotometer in near infra red (NIR) and ultra violet visible (UV-VIS) region. The Nd{sup 3+} ion doped LaAlO{sub 3} converts a visible (VIS) green photon (587 nm) into near infrared (NIR) photon (1070 nm) while Yb{sup 3+} ion doped converts ultra violet (UV) photon (221 nm) into NIR photon (980 nm). The La{sub 0.98}AlO{sub 3}: {sub 0.02}Ln{sup 3+}(Ln = Nd / Yb) can be potentiality used for betterment of photovoltaic (PV) technology. This result further indicates its potential application as a luminescence converter layer for enhancing solar cells performance.

  7. Thermal Properties of Transparent Yb-Doped YAG Ceramics at Elevated Temperatures

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Hostaša, J.; Matějíček, Jiří; Nait-Ali, B.; Smith, D.S.; Pabst, W.; Esposito, L.

    2014-01-01

    Roč. 97, č. 8 (2014), s. 2602-2606 ISSN 0002-7820 Institutional support: RVO:61389021 Keywords : yttrium aluminium garnet * Yb:YAG * thermal diffusivity Subject RIV: JH - Ceramics, Fire-Resistant Materials and Glass Impact factor: 2.610, year: 2014 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jace.13015/abstract

  8. High efficiency laser action in mildly doped Yb:LuYAG ceramics

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Pirri, A.; Toci, G.; Li, J.; Xie, T.; Pan, Y.; Babin, Vladimir; Beitlerová, Alena; Nikl, Martin; Vannini, M.

    2017-01-01

    Roč. 73, Nov (2017), s. 312-318 ISSN 0925-3467 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : laser ceramic s * Yb laser * mixed garnets * LuYAG Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 2.238, year: 2016

  9. Yb{sub 6}Ir{sub 5}Ga{sub 7} - a MgZn{sub 2} superstructure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Seidel, Stefan; Poettgen, Rainer [Institut fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universitaet Muenster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Muenster (Germany)

    2017-02-15

    The gallide Yb{sub 6}Ir{sub 5}Ga{sub 7} was synthesized by high-frequency melting of the elements in a sealed niobium ampoule. The structure was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Nb{sub 6.4}Ir{sub 4}Al{sub 7.6} type, P6{sub 3}/mcm, a = 930.4(1), c = 843.0(1) pm, wR{sub 2} = 0.0597, 379 F{sup 2} values and 22 variables. Yb{sub 6}Ir{sub 5}Ga{sub 7} adopts a superstructure of the MgZn{sub 2} Laves phase by a complete ordering of the iridium and gallium atoms on the zinc substructure, i.e. the network consists of ordered and condensed Ir{sub 3}Ga and IrGa{sub 3} tetrahedra with Ir-Ga distances ranging from 260 to 265 pm. The crystal chemical details and the underlying group-subgroup scheme are discussed. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  10. Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of ytterbium-doped titania/diatomite composite photocatalysts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tang, Wenjian; Qiu, Kehui; Zhang, Peicong; Yuan, Xiqiang

    2016-01-01

    Ytterbium-doped titanium dioxide (Yb-TiO2)/diatomite composite materials with different Yb concentrations were prepared by sol-gel method. The phase structure, morphology, and chemical composition of the as-prepared composites were well characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis indicated that the TiO2 existed in the form of pure anatase in the composites. The SEM images exhibited the well deposition and dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles with little agglomeration on the surfaces of diatoms. The UV-vis diffuse reflection spectra showed that the band gap of TiO2 could be narrowed by the introduction of Yb species, which was further affected by doping concentration of Yb. The photocatalytic activity of synthesized samples was investigated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light irradiation. It was observed that the photocatalytic degradation followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Compared to TiO2 and TiO2/diatomite, the Yb-TiO2/diatomite composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity toward degradation of MB using UV light irradiation.

  11. Femtosecond pulse generation and amplification in Yb-doped fibre ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    remained a challenge as it requires the careful optimization of dispersion, nonlinearity, gain and ASE ... power is obtained from the fibre oscillator–amplifier system at a repetition rate of 43 ..... ing to 53% optical-to-optical conversion efficiency.

  12. Spin re-orientation in heavy fermion system α - YbAl1 - x FexB4

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Shan; Broholm, C.; Kuga, K.; Suzuki, Shintaro; Nakatsuji, S.; Mourigal, M.; Stone, M.; Tian, Wei; Qiu, Y.; Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose

    Non centro-symmetric α - YbAlB4 has a heavy Fermi liquid ground state and shares many characteristics with centro-symmetric β - YbAlB4 . Both isomorphs display intermediate valence, associated with a fluctuation scale of T0 = 200 K and a Kondo lattice scale of T* = 8 K. Unlike β - YbAlB4 , α - YbAlB4 is at the boundary of a transition from a Fermi liquid metallic state to an antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulating state, driven by Fe substitution of Al. Magnetization and specific heat measurements reveal two different antiferromagnetic phases with TN = 9 K and TN = 2 K for Fe concentration above and below x =0.07. We report single crystal neutron scattering experiments on Fe doped YbAlB4 with x =0.035 and x =0.125. While the ordering wave vector is identical, k -> = (1 , 0 , 0) , the spin orientation switches from c to a with increasing Fe concentration. This suggests different anisotropic hybridization between 4f and conduction electrons that we confirmed by determining the crystal field levels. Supported by DOE, BES through DE-FG02-08ER46544.

  13. Saturable absorber Q- and gain-switched all-Yb3+ all-fiber laser at 976 and 1064 nm.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsai, Tzong-Yow; Fang, Yen-Cheng; Huang, Huai-Min; Tsao, Hong-Xi; Lin, Shih-Ting

    2010-11-08

    We demonstrate a novel passively pulsed all-Yb3+ all-fiber laser pumped by a continuous-wave 915-nm pump laser diode. The laser was saturable absorber Q-switched at 976 nm and gain-switched at 1064 nm, using the method of mode-field-area mismatch. With a pump power of 
105 mW, the laser iteratively produced a 976-nm pulse with an energy of 2.8 μJ and a duration of 280 ns, followed by a 1064-nm pulse with 1.1 μJ and a 430-ns duration at a repetition rate of 9 kHz. A set of rate equations was established to simulate the self-balancing mechanism and the correlation between the Q- and gain-switched photon numbers and the populations of the gain and absorber fibers.

  14. Over 19 W Single-Mode 1545 nm Er,Yb Codoped All-Fiber Laser

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jiadong Wu

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available We report a high-power cladding-pumped Er,Yb codoped all-fiber laser with truly single transverse mode output. The fiber laser is designed to operate at 1545 nm by the use of a pair of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs to lock and narrow the output spectrum, which can be very useful in generating the eye-safe ~1650 nm laser emission through the Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS in silica fibers that is of interest in many applications. Two pieces of standard single-mode fibers are inserted into the laser cavity and output port to guarantee the truly single-mode output as well as good compatibility with other standard fiber components. We have obtained a maximum output power of 19.2 W at 1544.68 nm with a FWHM spectral width of 0.08 nm, corresponding to an average overall slope efficiency of 31.9% with respect to the launched pump power. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest output power reported from simple all-fiber single-mode Er,Yb codoped laser oscillator architecture.

  15. Femtosecond-pulse inscription of fiber Bragg gratings with single or multiple phase-shifts in the structure

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wolf, Alexey; Dostovalov, Alexandr; Skvortsov, Mikhail; Raspopin, Kirill; Parygin, Alexandr; Babin, Sergey

    2018-05-01

    In this work, long high-quality fiber Bragg gratings with phase shifts in the structure are inscribed directly in the optical fiber by point-by-point technique using femtosecond laser pulses. Phase shifts are introduced during the inscription process with a piezoelectric actuator, which rapidly shifts the fiber along the direction of its movement in a chosen point of the grating with a chosen shift value. As examples, single and double π phase shifts are introduced in fiber Bragg gratings with a length up to 34 mm in passive fibers, which provide corresponding transmission peaks with bandwidth less than 1 pm. It is shown that 37 mm π -phase-shifted grating inscribed in an active Er-doped fiber forms high-quality DFB laser cavity generating single-frequency radiation at 1550 nm with bandwidth of 20 kHz and signal-to-noise ratio of >70 dB. The inscription technique has a high degree of performance and flexibility and can be easily implemented in fibers of various types.

  16. High slope efficiency and high refractive index change in direct-written Yb-doped waveguide lasers with depressed claddings.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Palmer, Guido; Gross, Simon; Fuerbach, Alexander; Lancaster, David G; Withford, Michael J

    2013-07-15

    We report the first Yb:ZBLAN and Yb:IOG10 waveguide lasers fabricated by the fs-laser direct-writing technique. Pulses from a Titanium-Sapphire laser oscillator with 5.1 MHz repetition rate were utilized to generate negative refractive index modifications in both glasses. Multiple modifications were aligned in a depressed cladding geometry to create a waveguide. For Yb:ZBLAN we demonstrate high laser slope efficiency of 84% with a maximum output power of 170 mW. By using Yb:IOG10 a laser performance of 25% slope efficiency and 72 mW output power was achieved and we measured a remarkably high refractive index change exceeding Δn = 2.3 × 10(-2).

  17. Optical spectroscopy of rare-earth ions doped KY(WO4)2 thin films

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    García-Revilla, S.; Valiente, R.; Romanyuk, Y.E.; Utke, I.; Pollnau, Markus

    KY(WO4)2 thin films doped with Dy3+, Tb3+, Yb3+, were grown onto KY(WO4)2 substrates using liquid-phase epitaxy. Spectroscopic investigations of the grown layers were performed. Obtained results were compared with spectra given for bulk crystals. Upconversion experiments after direct Yb3+ excitation

  18. Alloying of Yb-Cu and Yb-Ag utilizing liquid ammonia metal solutions of ytterbium

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Imamura, H.; Yoshimura, T.; Sakata, Y.

    2003-01-01

    In the course of the studies on preparation of novel compounds using the dissolution of Eu or Yb metals in liquid ammonia, the formation of Yb-Cu and Yb-Ag intermetallic films has been found. When Cu or Ag metal powders were placed in a reactor containing a solution of Yb metal in liquid ammonia, the dissolved Yb readily react with the Cu or Ag metal particles to form surface alloy compounds. X-ray diffraction of Yb-Cu showed that upon thermal treatment above 673 K, the Yb metal deposited on the Cu particles reacted together to be transformed into the YbCu 6.5 intermetallic compound. A characteristic endothermic peak at 749 K, due to alloying of Yb-Cu, was observed by the differential scanning calorimeter measurements. By use of the high reactivity of liquid ammonia metal solutions of ytterbium, it was found that the ytterbium intermetallic films were readily formed under mild conditions. Yb-Cu and Yb-Ag exhibited enhanced catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of ethene as a result of alloying

  19. Enhancement of single particle rare earth doped NaYF4: Yb, Er emission with a gold shell

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li, Ling; Green, Kory; Hallen, Hans; Lim, Shuang Fang

    2015-01-01

    Upconversion of infrared light to visible light has important implications for bioimaging. However, the small absorption cross-section of rare earth dopants has limited the efficiency of these anti-Stokes nanomaterials. We present enhanced excitation absorption and single particle fluorescent emission of sodium yttrium fluoride, NaYF 4 : Yb, Er based upconverting nanoparticles coated with a gold nanoshell through surface plasmon resonance. The single gold-shell coated nanoparticles show enhanced absorption in the near infrared, enhanced total emission intensity, and increased green relative to red emission. We also show differences in enhancement between single and aggregated gold shell nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance of the gold-shell coated nanoparticle is shown to be dependent on the shell thickness. In contrast to other reported results, our single particle experimental observations are corroborated by finite element calculations that show where the green/red emission enhancement occurs, and what portion of the enhancement is due to electromagnetic effects. We find that the excitation enhancement and green/red emission ratio enhancement occurs at the corners and edges of the doped emissive core. (paper)

  20. Enhancement of the up-conversion luminescence from NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+},Tb{sup 3+}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hölsä, Jorma, E-mail: jholsa@utu.fi [University of Turku, Department of Chemistry, FI-20014 Turku (Finland); Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf), Turku (Finland); Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Química, São Paulo-SP (Brazil); Laihinen, Tero [University of Turku, Department of Chemistry, FI-20014 Turku (Finland); Laamanen, Taneli; Lastusaari, Mika [University of Turku, Department of Chemistry, FI-20014 Turku (Finland); Turku University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MatSurf), Turku (Finland); Pihlgren, Laura [University of Turku, Department of Chemistry, FI-20014 Turku (Finland); Graduate School of Materials Research (GSMR), Turku (Finland); Rodrigues, Lucas C.V. [University of Turku, Department of Chemistry, FI-20014 Turku (Finland); Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Química, São Paulo-SP (Brazil); Soukka, Tero [University of Turku, Department of Biochemistry, FI-20014 Turku (Finland)

    2014-04-15

    The synthesis conditions of the Yb{sup 3+} and Tb{sup 3+} co-doped NaYF{sub 4} were optimized by reducing the number of washings to include only ethanol. The avoidance of the loss of amorphous NaF prior to post-annealing of the as-prepared materials resulted in the enhancement of the otherwise rather weak up-conversion from Tb{sup 3+} by 1–2 orders of magnitude. At the same time, the temperature of formation of the hexagonal NaRF{sub 4} phase with high up-conversion could be lowered by 100 °C down to 350 °C. This improvement in up-conversion was concluded to result from the better stoichiometry of the material without washing with water. The deficit of Na{sup +} would result in the excess of fluoride which, although not as fatal to the luminescence as the fluoride vacancies, has serious implications to the up-conversion intensity. A further enhancement in the up-conversion luminescence was observed to be due to the Er{sup 3+} ion impurity frequently associated with high-concentration Yb{sup 3+} materials. The mechanism involving the unintentional Er{sup 3+} sensitizer and the resonance energy transfer in the Yb{sup 3+}–Er{sup 3+}–Tb{sup 3+} co-doped NaYF{sub 4} were discussed based on the energy level schemes of the Yb{sup 3+}, Er{sup 3+}, and Tb{sup 3+} ions in NaYF{sub 4}.

  1. Optical properties of ytterbium-doped yttrium oxide ceramics

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Solomonov, V.I.; Maksimov, R.N. [Institute of Electrophysics UrB RAS, Amundsena 106, 620016 Ekaterinburg (Russian Federation); Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg (Russian Federation); Osipov, V.V.; Shitov, V.A.; Lipchak, A.I. [Institute of Electrophysics UrB RAS, Amundsena 106, 620016 Ekaterinburg (Russian Federation)

    2017-05-15

    Ytterbium-doped yttrium oxide (Yb:Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}) transparent ceramics with different sintering additives (Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3}, Sc{sub 2}O{sub 3}, CeO{sub 2}, ZrO{sub 2}, or HfO{sub 2}) were fabricated using nanopowders produced by laser ablation. Transmission and photoluminescence spectra of the obtained ceramics were investigated at room temperature. Highest in-line transmittance was over 80% at the wavelength of 1060 nm for 2 mm thick Yb:Y{sub 2}O{sub 3} ceramics with zirconium and hafnium. Divalent Yb ions with the ground state electron configuration 4f{sup 13}6s were revealed. The absorption and emission bands caused by s <-> s transitions of these ions were observed in the IR spectral range of Yb{sup 3+} ions. The superposition of both Yb{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 2+} emission bands leads to an effective broadening of the whole luminescence band. (copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

  2. Formation of Infrared Femtosecond Laser Induced Colour Centres in Tb3+-Doped and Tb3+/Ce3+-Codoped Heavy Germanate Glasses

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    CHEN Guo-Rong(陈国荣); YANG Yun-Xia(杨云霞); QIU Jian-Rong(邱建荣); JIANG Xiong-Wei(姜雄伟); K.Hirao

    2003-01-01

    The formation of infrared femtosecond laser induced colour centres was observed in Tb3+-doped and Tb3+ /Ce3+-codoped heavy germanate glasses.A rectangular scan was made by focusing the laser beam inside the glass samples.A three-dimensional yellowish block was created from the path and it corresponded to the appearance of broad absorption bands in the absorption spectra.The irradiation induced absorption coefficient μ(λ)was used to characterize the distribution of radiation induced colour centres in the samples,whose peak was located at 380nm and extended to the longer wavelength.Ce3+ ions were found not only to inhibit the formation of colour centres,but also to enhance the recovery.

  3. Spectroscopy and visible frequency upconversion in Er3+-Yb3+: TeO2-ZnO glass.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohanty, Deepak Kumar; Rai, Vineet Kumar

    2014-01-01

    The UV-Vis-NIR absorption studies of the Er(3+)/Er(3+)-Yb(3+) doped/codoped TeO2-ZnO (TZO) glasses fabricated by the melting and quenching method has been performed. The spectroscopic radiative parameters viz. radiative transition probabilities, branching ratios and lifetimes have been determined from the absorption spectrum by using Judd-Ofelt theory. The near infrared (NIR) to visible frequency upconversion (UC) have been monitored by using an excitation of 976 nm wavelength radiation from a CW diode laser. The effect of codoping with Yb(3+) ions on the intensity of the UC emission bands from the Er(3+) ions throughout visible region has been studied. The mechanism responsible for the observed upconversion emissions in the prepared samples have been explained on the basis of excited state absorption and efficient energy transfer processes. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure, Chemical Stability and Electrical Properties of Transition Metal or Yb-Doped BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1M0.1O3-δ (M = Fe, Ni, Co and Yb

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Behzad eMirfakhraei

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Perovskite-type BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1M0.1O3-δ (M = Fe, Ni, Co and Yb (BZCY-M oxides were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method at 1350-1550 oC in air in order to investigate the effect of dopants on sintering, crystal structure, chemical stability under CO2 and H2S, and electrical transport properties. The formation of the single-phase perovskite-type structure with an orthorhombic space group Imam was confirmed by Rietveld refinement using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD for the Fe, Co, Ni and Yb-doped samples. The BZCY-Co and BZCY-Ni oxides show a total electrical conductivity of 0.01 and 8 × 10-3 Scm-1 at 600 oC in wet H2 with an activation energy of 0.36 and 0.41 eV, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX revealed Ba and Co rich secondary phase at the grain-boundaries, which may explain the enhancement in the total conductivity of the BZCY-Co. However, ex-solution of Ni at higher sintering temperatures, especially at 1550 oC, decreases the total conductivity of the BZCY-Ni material. The Co and Ni dopants act as a sintering aid and form dense pellets at a lower sintering temperature of 1250 oC. The Fe, Co and Ni-doped BZCY-M samples synthesized at 1350 oC show stability in 30 ppm H2S/H2 at 800 oC, and increasing the firing temperature to 1550 oC, enhanced the chemical stability in CO2 / N2 (1: 2 at 25-900 oC. The BZCY-Co and Ni compounds with high conductivity in wet H2 could be considered as possible anodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs.

  5. Efficient room temperature cw Yb:glass laser pumped by a 946nm Nd:YAG laser

    OpenAIRE

    Koch, R.; Clarkson, W.A.; Hanna, D.C.; Jiang, S.; Myers, M.J.; Rhonehouse, D.; Hamlin, S.J.; Griebner, U.; Schönnagel, H.

    1997-01-01

    By pumping with a cw diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser operating at 946nm laser operation of a new Yb-doped phosphate glass with 440mW cw output power and a slope efficiency of 48% with respect to the absorbed pump power was achieved at room temperature

  6. Ga vacancy induced ferromagnetism enhancement and electronic structures of RE-doped GaN

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhong Guohua; Zhang Kang; He Fan; Ma Xuhang; Lu Lanlan; Liu Zhuang; Yang Chunlei

    2012-01-01

    Because of their possible applications in spintronic and optoelectronic devices, GaN dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) doped by rare-earth (RE) elements have attracted much attention since the high Curie temperature was obtained in RE-doped GaN DMSs and a colossal magnetic moment was observed in the Gd-doped GaN thin film. We have systemically studied the GaN DMSs doped by RE elements (La, Ce-Yb) using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the framework of density functional theory and adding the considerations of the electronic correlation and the spin-orbital coupling effects. We have studied the electronic structures of DMSs, especially for the contribution from f electrons. The origin of magnetism, magnetic interaction and the possible mechanism of the colossal magnetic moment were explored. We found that, for materials containing f electrons, electronic correlation was usually strong and the spin-orbital coupling was sometimes crucial in determining the magnetic ground state. It was found that GaN doped by La was non-magnetic. GaN doped by Ce, Nd, Pm, Eu, Gd, Tb and Tm are stabilized at antiferromagnetic phase, while GaN doped by other RE elements show strong ferromagnetism which is suitable materials for spintronic devices. Moreover, we have identified that the observed large enhancement of magnetic moment in GaN is mainly caused by Ga vacancies (3.0μB per Ga vacancy), instead of the spin polarization by magnetic ions or originating from N vacancies. Various defects, such as substitutional Mg for Ga, O for N under the RE doping were found to bring a reduction of ferromagnetism. In addition, intermediate bands were observed in some systems of GaN:RE and GaN with intrinsic defects, which possibly opens the potential application of RE-doped semiconductors in the third generation high efficiency photovoltaic devices.

  7. Crystal growth and spectroscopic characterization of Yb3+:LiTaO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gruber, John B.; Allik, Toomas H.; Sardar, Dhiraj K.; Yow, Raylon M.; Scripsick, Michael; Wechsler, Barry

    2006-01-01

    Spectroscopic properties are presented for Yb 3+ incorporated into single crystals of LiTaO 3 grown by the top-seeded solution growth method. From an analysis of the absorption and fluorescence spectra, we are able to determine the Stark-level components of the 2 F 7/2 (the ground-state multiplet manifold) and the 2 F 5/2 (the excited-state multiplet manifold of Yb 3+ (4f 13 )). The room-temperature fluorescence lifetime of 2 F 5/2 is 678μs as measured on a thin sample to reduce possibilities for reabsorption. Spectral comparisons of Yb 3+ -doped LiTaO 3 and LiNbO 3 are drawn. The crystal-field splitting of Yb 3+ (4f 13 ) in both crystal hosts is modeled using a set of crystal-field splitting parameters, B nm , determined from a recent spectroscopic analysis of Er 3+ (4f 11 ) in LiNbO 3 . Without adjustment of the B nm parameters, the model predicts the Stark-level energy and the symmetry label for each level in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. Less photorefractive than its niobate cousin, LiTaO 3 has potential for use in numerous integrated electro-optical circuits and devices

  8. Yb3+:Sr3Y2(BO3)4: A potential ultrashort pulse laser crystal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sun, Shijia; Xu, Jinlong; Wei, Qi; Lou, Fei; Huang, Yisheng; Yuan, Feifei; Zhang, Lizhen; Lin, Zhoubin; He, Jingliang; Wang, Guofu

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • A Yb 3+ :Sr 3 Y 2 (BO 3 ) 4 crystal was grown successfully by Czochralski method. • The crystal has wide absorption and emission bandwidth. • 3.47 W continuous wave laser output with a slope efficiency of 29% was obtained. • The results show that the crystal is a promising ultrashort pulse laser material. - Abstract: A Yb 3+ :Sr 3 Y 2 (BO 3 ) 4 crystal was grown successfully by the Czochralski method. The polarized spectral properties and continuous wave laser output of this crystal were investigated in detail. The crystal has larger absorption and emission cross sections compared with many mature Yb 3+ -doped borate crystals. The full width at half maximum of the emission bands around 1023 nm are 69 nm (E//a), 61 nm (E//b) and 65 nm (E//c). 3.47 W continuous wave laser output with a slope efficiency of 29% and an optical conversion efficiency of 24% was obtained. The results reveal that Yb 3+ :Sr 3 Y 2 (BO 3 ) 4 crystal is an excellent candidate for ultrashort pulse laser crystal

  9. Charge-transfer state excitation as the main mechanism of the photodarkening process in ytterbium-doped aluminosilicate fibres

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bobkov, K K; Rybaltovsky, A A; Vel' miskin, V V; Likhachev, M E; Bubnov, M M; Dianov, E M [Fiber Optics Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation); Umnikov, A A; Gur' yanov, A N; Vechkanov, N N [G.G.Devyatykh Institute of Chemistry of High-Purity Substances, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhnii Novgorod (Russian Federation); Shestakova, I A [Open Joint-Stock Company M.F. Stel' makh Polyus Research Institute, Moscow (Russian Federation)

    2014-12-31

    We have studied photodarkening in ytterbium-doped fibre preforms with an aluminosilicate glass core. Analysis of their absorption and luminescence spectra indicates the formation of stable Yb{sup 2+} ions in the glass network under IR laser pumping at a wavelength λ = 915 nm and under UV irradiation with an excimer laser (λ = 193 nm). We have performed comparative studies of the luminescence spectra of the preforms and crystals under excitation at a wavelength of 193 nm. The mechanism behind the formation of Yb{sup 2+} ions and aluminium – oxygen hole centres (Al-OHCs), common to ytterbium-doped YAG crystals and aluminosilicate glass, has been identified: photoinduced Yb{sup 3+} charge-transfer state excitation. (optical fibres)

  10. Near infrared emission and multicolor tunability of enhanced upconversion emission from Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} co-doped Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} nanocrystals embedded in silica-based nanocomposite and planar waveguides for photonics

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Aquino, Felipe Thomaz [Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP (Brazil); Ferrari, Jefferson Luis [Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, CEP 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP (Brazil); Grupo de Pesquisa em Química de Materiais – (GPQM), Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, 36301-160 São João Del Rei, MG (Brazil); Maia, Lauro June Queiroz [Grupo Física de Materiais, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus II, C.P. 131, CEP 74001-970, Goiânia, GO (Brazil); Ribeiro, Sidney José Lima [Institute of Chemistry- São Paulo State University- UNESP, Araraquara, SP 14800-900 (Brazil); Ferrier, Alban [PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech - CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 75005 Paris (France); Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005 Paris (France); and others

    2016-02-15

    This work reports on the Yb{sup 3+} ion addition effect on the near infrared emission and infrared-to-visible up conversion from planar waveguides based on Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} co-doped Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} nanocrystals embedded in SiO{sub 2}-based nanocomposite prepared by a sol–gel process with controlled crystallization in situ. Planar waveguides and xerogels containing Si/Nb molar ratio of 90:10 up to 50:50 were prepared. Spherical-like orthorhombic or monoclinic Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} nanocrystals were grown in the amorphous SiO{sub 2}-based host depending on the niobium content and annealing temperature, resulting in transparent glass ceramics. Crystallization process was intensely affected by rare earth content increase. Enhancement and broadening of the NIR emission has been achieved depending on the rare earth content, niobium content and annealing temperature. Effective Yb{sup 3+}→Er{sup 3+} energy transfer and a high-intensity broad band emission in the near infrared region assigned to the Er{sup 3+} ions {sup 4}I{sub 13/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} transition, and longer {sup 4}I{sub 13/2} lifetimes were observed for samples containing orthorhombic Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} nanocrystals. Intense green and red emissions were registered for all Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} co-doped waveguides under 980 nm excitation, assigned to {sup 2}H{sub 11/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} (525 nm),{sup 4}S{sub 3/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} (545nm) and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} (670 nm) transitions, respectively. Different relative green and red intensities emissions were observed, depending upon niobium oxide content and the laser power. Upconversion dynamics were determined by the photons number, evidencing that ESA or ETU mechanisms are probably occurring. The 1931 CIE chromaticity diagrams indicated interesting color tunability based on the waveguides composition and pump power. The nanocomposite waveguides are promising materials for photonic applications as optical amplifiers and

  11. The influence of ytterbium doping on the optical properties of tellurite glasses

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jaglarz, Janusz; Burtan, Bozena [Institute of Physics, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Podchorazych 1, 30-084 Cracow (Poland); Reben, Manuela; Wasylak, Jan [Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH - University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow (Poland); Cisowski, Jan [Institute of Physics, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Podchorazych 1, 30-084 Cracow (Poland); Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze (Poland); Jarzabek, Bozena [Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze (Poland)

    2011-09-15

    The goal of this work was to investigate the influence of rare earth ion Yb{sup 3+} doping on the thermal and optical properties of tellurite glass (TG) of the TeO{sub 2}-ZnO-PbO-La{sub 2}O{sub 3} system. The reflectance, transmittance and ellipsometric measurements have been done. Decreasing of the refractive index of TG with the Yb{sup 3+} ion doping has been concluded. For determination of the refractive index variation in the bulk, the small angle light scatter (SALS) measurements have been carried out. (copyright 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

  12. Violet-green excitation for NIR luminescence of Yb3+ ions in Bi2O3-B2O3-SiO2-Ga2O3 glasses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Weiwei; Cheng, Jimeng; Zhao, Guoying; Chen, Wei; Hu, Lili; Guzik, Malgorzata; Boulon, Georges

    2014-04-21

    60Bi(2)O(3)-20B(2)O(3)-10SiO(2)-10Ga(2)O(3) glasses doped with 1-9 mol% Yb(2)O(3) were prepared and investigated mainly on their violet-green excitation for the typical NIR emission of Yb(3+), generally excited in the NIR. Two violet excitation bands at 365 nm and 405 nm are related to Yb(2+) and Bi(3+). 465 nm excitation band and 480 nm absorption band in the blue-green are assigned to Bi(0) metal nanoparticles/grains. Yb-content-dependence of the excitation and absorption means that Bi(0) is the reduced product of Bi(3+), but greatly competed by the redox reaction of Yb(2+) ↔ Yb(3+). It is proved that the violet-green excitations result in the NIR emission of Yb(3+). On the energy transfer, the virtual level of Yb(3+)-Yb(3+) as well as Bi(0) dimers probably plays an important role. An effective and controllable way is suggested to achieve nano-optical applications by Bi(0) metal nanoparticles/grains and Yb(3+).

  13. Optical transitions of Tm3+ in oxyfluoride glasses and compositional and thermal effect on upconversion luminescence of Tm3+/Yb3+-codoped oxyfluoride glasses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Feng, Li; Wu, Yinsu; Liu, Zhuo; Guo, Tao

    2014-01-24

    Optical properties of Tm(3+)-doped SiO2-BaF2-ZnF2 glasses have been investigated on the basis of the Judd-Ofelt theory. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters, radiative transition probabilities, fluorescence branching ratios and radiative lifetimes have been calculated for different glass compositions. Upconversion emissions were observed in Tm(3+)/Yb(3+)-codoped SiO2-BaF2-ZnF2 glasses under 980 nm excitation. The effects of composition, concentration of the doping ions, temperature, and excitation pump power on the upconversion emissions were also systematically studied. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  14. A near-infrared luminescent Mn2+-doped NaYF4:Yb,Tm/Fe3+ upconversion nanoparticles redox reaction system for the detection of GSH/Cys/AA.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Liping; Ling, Bo; Wang, Lun; Chen, Hongqi

    2017-09-01

    An upconversion luminescence method was developed for the determination of glutathione (GSH), L-cysteine (Cys) or L-ascorbic acid (AA) based on redox reaction. We synthesized poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-modified Mn 2+ -doped NaYF 4 :Yb,Tm upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), and the luminescence of these UCNPs was effectively quenched due to their carboxyl groups coordinating with Fe 3+ to form a UCNPs/Fe 3+ system. GSH, Cys or AA reduced Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ , which induced the luminescence recovery of the UCNPs. Under the optimized conditions, wide linear concentration ranges from 0.25-300μM for GSH, 0.5-875μM for Cys and 0.5-350μM for AA were found, and the detection limits (3S/K) were 0.2μM, 0.5μM and 0.2μM, respectively. Thus, the UCNPs/Fe 3+ system was successfully applied for sensing GSH, Cys or AA. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  15. Color Tunable and Upconversion Luminescence in Yb-Tm Co-Doped Yttrium Phosphate Inverse Opal Photonic Crystals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Siqin; Qiu, Jianbei; Wang, Qi; Zhou, Dacheng; Yang, Zhengwen

    2016-04-01

    For this paper, YPO4: Tm, Yb inverse opals with the photonic band gaps at 475 nm and 655 nm were prepared by polystyrene colloidal crystal templates. We investigated the influence of photonic band gaps on the Tm-Yb upconversion emission which was in the YPO4: Tm Yb inverse opal photonic crystals. Comparing with the reference sample, significant suppression of both the blue and red upconversion luminescence of Tm3+ ions were observed in the inverse opals. The color purity of the blue emission was improved in the inverse opal by the suppression of red upconversion emission. Additionally, mechanism of upconversion emission in the inverse opal was discussed. We believe that the present work will be valuable for not only the foundational study of upconversion emission modification but also the development of new optical devices in upconversion lighting and display.

  16. Upconversion in rare earth ions doped TeO2-ZnO glass

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mohanty, Deepak Kumar; Rai, Vineet Kumar

    2012-01-01

    The Er 3+ /Yb 3+ doped/codoped TeO 2 -ZnO glasses have been fabricated by conventional melt and quenching technique. The absorption spectra of the doped/codoped glasses have been performed. The visible upconversion emissions of both doped and codoped glasses have been observed using 808 nm diode laser excitation. The process involved in upconversion emissions has been discussed in detail. (author)

  17. Dual functional NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+@NaYF4:Yb3+, Nd3+ core-shell nanoparticles for cell temperature sensing and imaging

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shi, Zengliang; Duan, Yue; Zhu, Xingjun; Wang, Qiwei; Li, DongDong; Hu, Ke; Feng, Wei; Li, Fuyou; Xu, Chunxiang

    2018-03-01

    Lanthanide-doped up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) provide a remote temperature sensing approach to monitoring biological microenvironments. In this research, the UCNPs of NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+@NaYF4:Yb3+, Nd3+ with hexagonal (β)-phase were synthesized and applied in cell temperature sensing as well as imaging after surface modification with meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid. In the core-shell UCNPs, Yb3+ ions were introduced as energy transfer media between sensitizers of Nd3+ and activators of Er3+ to improve Er3+emission and prevent their quenching behavior due to multiple energy levels of Nd3+. Under the excitations of 808 nm and 980 nm lasers, the NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+@NaYF4:Yb3+, Nd3+ nanoparticles exhibited an efficient green band with two emission peaks at 525 nm and 545 nm, respectively, which originated from the transitions of 2H11/2 → 4I15/2 and 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 for Er3+ ions. We demonstrate that an occurrence of good logarithmic linearity exists between the intensity ratio of these two emission peaks and the reciprocal of the inside or outside temperature of NIH-3T3 cells. A better thermal stability is proved through temperature-dependent spectra with a heating-cooling cycle. The obtained viability of NIH-3T3 cells is greater than 90% after incubations of about 12 and 24 (h), and they possess a lower cytotoxicity of UCNPs. This work provides a method for monitoring the cell temperature and its living state from multiple dimensions including temperature response, cell images and visual up-conversion fluorescent color.

  18. High-gain polymer optical waveguide amplifiers based on core-shell NaYF4/NaLuF4: Yb3+, Er3+ NPs-PMMA covalent-linking nanocomposites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Meiling; Zhang, Weiwei; Wang, Fei; Zhao, Dan; Qu, Chunyang; Wang, Xibin; Yi, Yunji; Cassan, Eric; Zhang, Daming

    2016-11-01

    Waveguide amplifiers have always been significant key components for optical communication. Unfortunately, the low concentration of rare earth ions doped in the host material and the inadequate optimization of the waveguide structure have been the common bottleneck limitations. Here, a novel material, NaYF4/NaLuF4: 20% Yb3+, 2% Er3+ nanoparticle-Polymeric Methyl Methacrylate covalent-linking nanocomposite, was synthesized. The concentrations of Er3+ and Yb3+ doping increased an order of magnitude. Under a 980 nm laser excitation, highly efficient emission at 1.53 μm was obtained. The characteristic parameters of the single mode waveguide were carefully designed and optimized by using a finite difference method. A formulized iteration method is presented for solving the rate equations and the propagation equations of the EYCDWA, and both the steady state behavior and the gain were numerically simulated. The optimal Er3+ and Yb3+ concentrations are 2.8 × 1026 m-3 and 2.8 × 1027 m-3, and the optimal waveguide length is 1.3 cm. Both theoretical and experimental results indicated that, for an input signal power of 0.1 mW and a pump power of 400 mW, a net gain of 15.1 dB at 1530 nm is demonstrated. This result is the highest gain ever reported in polymer-based waveguide amplifiers doped with inorganic Er3+-Yb3+ codoped nanocrystals.

  19. Cooperative emission in ion implanted Yb:YAG waveguides

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Vazquez, G V; Desirena, H; De la Rosa, E [Centro de Investigaciones en Optica, Loma del Bosque 115, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 Leon, Guanajuato (Mexico); Flores-Romero, E; Rickards, J; Trejo-Luna, R [Instituto de Fisica, UNAM, Apartado Postal 20364, 01000 Mexico, D. F. (Mexico); Marquez, H, E-mail: gvvazquez@cio.mx [Departamento de Optica, CICESE, Km 107 Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada, 22860 Ensenada, B. C. (Mexico)

    2011-01-01

    In this work, we report the analysis of spectroscopic properties of waveguides fabricated by ion implantation in YAG doped with Yb{sup 3+} ions. Three emission bands were detected in the blue, green and red regions under 970-nm excitation. The strong blue-green emission can be explained by a cooperative process between ytterbium ion pairs, leading to emission centered at 514 nm. The additional blue bands as well as green and red emission bands are attributed to the presence of Tm{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+} traces. The results include absorption and emission curves as well as decay time rates.

  20. Cooperative emission in ion implanted Yb:YAG waveguides

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vazquez, G V; Desirena, H; De la Rosa, E; Flores-Romero, E; Rickards, J; Trejo-Luna, R; Marquez, H

    2011-01-01

    In this work, we report the analysis of spectroscopic properties of waveguides fabricated by ion implantation in YAG doped with Yb 3+ ions. Three emission bands were detected in the blue, green and red regions under 970-nm excitation. The strong blue-green emission can be explained by a cooperative process between ytterbium ion pairs, leading to emission centered at 514 nm. The additional blue bands as well as green and red emission bands are attributed to the presence of Tm 3+ and Er 3+ traces. The results include absorption and emission curves as well as decay time rates.

  1. Repetition frequency scaling of an all-polarization maintaining erbium-doped mode-locked fiber laser based on carbon nanotubes saturable absorber

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sotor, J., E-mail: jaroslaw.sotor@pwr.edu.pl; Sobon, G.; Abramski, K. M. [Laser and Fiber Electronics Group, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw (Poland); Jagiello, J.; Lipinska, L. [Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919 Warsaw (Poland)

    2015-04-07

    We demonstrate an all-polarization maintaining (PM), mode-locked erbium (Er)-doped fiber laser based on a carbon nanotubes (CNT) saturable absorber (SA). The laser resonator was maximally simplified by using only one passive hybrid component and a pair of fiber connectors with deposited CNTs. The repetition frequency (F{sub rep}) of such a cost-effective and self-starting mode-locked laser was scaled from 54.3 MHz to 358.6 MHz. The highest F{sub rep} was obtained when the total cavity length was shortened to 57 cm. The laser allows ultrashort pulse generation with the duration ranging from 240 fs to 550 fs. Because the laser components were based on PM fibers the laser was immune to the external perturbations and generated laniary polarized light with the degree of polarization (DOP) of 98.7%.

  2. Amplitude and timing properties of a Geiger discharge in a SiPM cell

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Popova, E., E-mail: elenap73@mail.ru [National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409, Kashirskoe Shosse 31 (Russian Federation); Buzhan, P.; Pleshko, A. [National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409, Kashirskoe Shosse 31 (Russian Federation); Vinogradov, S. [University of Liverpool and Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire (United Kingdom); P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 53, Moscow 119991 (Russian Federation); Stifutkin, A.; Ilyin, A. [National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409, Kashirskoe Shosse 31 (Russian Federation); Besson, D. [National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409, Kashirskoe Shosse 31 (Russian Federation); Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-2151 (United States); Mirzoyan, R. [Max-Planck-Institute for Physics, Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 München (Germany)

    2015-07-01

    The amplitude and timing properties of a Geiger discharge in a stand-alone SiPM cell have been investigated in detail. Use of a single stand-alone SiPM cell allows us to perform measurements with better accuracy than the multicell structure of conventional SiPMs. We have studied the dependence of the output charge and amplitude from an SiPM cell illuminated by focused light vs the number of primary photoelectrons. We propose a SPICE model which explains the amplitude over saturation (when the SiPM's amplitude is greater than the sum over all cells) characteristics of SiPM signals for more than one initial photoelectrons. The time resolutions of a SiPM cell have been measured for the case of single (SPTR) and multiphoton light pulses. The Full Width Half Max (FWHM) for SPTR has been found to be at the level of 30 ps for focused and 40 ps for unfocused light (100 μm cell size). - Highlights: • A stand-alone SiPM cell has been investigated in detail. • Amplitude and time properties have been measured with femtosecond 660 nm laser. • SPICE model for a Geiger discharge development has been proposed. • SPTR for a stand-alone 100 μm size SiPM cell has been found to be 40 ps FWHM.

  3. Compact laser-diode-based femtosecond sources

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brown, C T A; Cataluna, M A; Lagatsky, A A; Rafailov, E U; Agate, M B; Leburn, C G; Sibbett, W

    2004-01-01

    This paper describes the development of compact femtosecond laser systems that are capable of being directly pumped by laser diodes or are based directly on laser diodes. The paper demonstrates the latest results in a highly efficient vibronic based gain medium and a diode-pumped Yb:KYW laser is reported that has a wall plug efficiency >14%. A Cr 4+ :YAG oscillator is described that generates transform-limited pulses of 81 fs duration at a pulse repetition frequency of >4 GHz. The development of Cr 3+ :LiSAF lasers that can be operated using power supplies based on batteries is briefly discussed. We also present a summary of work being carried out on the generation of fs-pulses from laser diodes and discuss the important issues in this area. Finally, we outline results obtained on the generation of pulses as short as 550 fs directly from a two-section quantum dot laser without any external pulse compression

  4. Structure-property relations in new fluorophosphate glasses singly- and co-doped with Er3+ and Yb3+

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gonçalves, Tássia S.; Moreira Silva, Raphaell J.; Oliveira Junior, Marcos de; Ferrari, Cynthia R.; Poirier, Gäel Y.; Eckert, Hellmut; Camargo, Andrea S.S. de

    2015-01-01

    Rare earth (RE 3+ )-doped fluorophosphate glasses are among the most promising candidates for high-efficiency laser generation in the near-infrared spectral region. By proper choice of composition, these materials can combine the advantages of fluorides (low phonon energies, low refractive indices, extensive optical window, low hygroscopicity) and of oxides (high chemical and mechanical stability and high dopant solubility), resulting in enhancement of the RE 3+ emissive properties. In this work, we present the synthesis and structural/spectroscopic investigation of new glasses with composition 25BaF 2 25SrF 2 (30-x)Al(PO 3 ) 3 xAlF 3 (20-z)YF 3 :zREF 3 , where x = 20 or 15, RE = Er 3+ and/or Yb 3+ , z = 0.25–5.0 mol%. Results indicate considerable improvement of the emissive properties of both ions when compared to phosphate or even other fluorophosphate host compositions. Long excited state lifetimes (τ = 10 ms for the Er 3+ level 4 I 13/2 , and τ = 1.3 ms for the Yb 3+ level 2 F 5/2 ) imply high fluorescence quantum efficiencies η (up to 85% for both ions). Structural characterization by Raman and multinuclear solid state NMR spectroscopies indicate that the metaphosphate-type chain structure of the Al(PO 3 ) 3 vitreous framework is partially depolymerized and dominated by Q (0) and Q (1) units crosslinked by six-coordinate Al species. As revealed by 27 Al{ 31 P} rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) NMR results the average local aluminum environment of the x = 20 sample comprises 1.6 phosphate and 4.4 fluoride species. These results indicate a clear bonding preference between aluminum and phosphorus, which is consistent with the desired dominance of fluoride species in the local environment of the rare earth and alkaline earth atoms in these glasses. - Highlights: • New fluorophosphate glass composition with excellent photophysical properties. • Detailed structural insights by multinuclear solid state NMR. • Rare earth bonding preference to

  5. Gain-switched, Yb-doped, all-fiber laser with narrow bandwidth

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Larsen, Casper; Giesberts, Martin; Nyga, Sebastian

    2013-01-01

    We demonstrate that an all-fiber, narrow bandwidth, high pulse energy pulsed laser can be constructed from commercially available components by applying gain-switching. After single-stage amplification the pulses are frequency doubled in ppSLT with high efficiency....

  6. One-step synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots for ratiometric pH sensing by femtosecond laser ablation method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu, Huanhuan; Yan, Lihe; Nguyen, Vanthan; Yu, Yang; Xu, Yanmin

    2017-01-01

    Highlights: • Nitrogen-containing carbon nanodots (CDs) are synthesize using pulsed laser ablation in liquid. • The CDs show a strong fluorescence consisting of a dual-band luminescence peak. • The as prepared CDs can offer a ratiometric sensing platform for the detection the pH values. - Abstract: Nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (CDs) are synthesized by one-step femtosecond laser ablation of graphite powder in aminotoluene at room temperature. The as-prepared CDs have the average diameter of 2.87 nm and possess an excitation-independent emission covering nearly the whole visible light region at a single excitation wavelength. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicate that there are a huge number of multiple oxygen groups and amine groups on the surface of the CDs. As their different fluorescence peaks originated from different emission surface groups on the nanodots show different pH dependence, these CDs can be used for ratiometric pH sensing.

  7. One-step synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots for ratiometric pH sensing by femtosecond laser ablation method

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Xu, Huanhuan [Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Lab. of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China); Yan, Lihe, E-mail: liheyan@mail.xjtu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Lab. of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China); Nguyen, Vanthan [Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Lab. of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China); Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi 122314 (Viet Nam); Yu, Yang; Xu, Yanmin [Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Lab. of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049 (China)

    2017-08-31

    Highlights: • Nitrogen-containing carbon nanodots (CDs) are synthesize using pulsed laser ablation in liquid. • The CDs show a strong fluorescence consisting of a dual-band luminescence peak. • The as prepared CDs can offer a ratiometric sensing platform for the detection the pH values. - Abstract: Nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (CDs) are synthesized by one-step femtosecond laser ablation of graphite powder in aminotoluene at room temperature. The as-prepared CDs have the average diameter of 2.87 nm and possess an excitation-independent emission covering nearly the whole visible light region at a single excitation wavelength. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis indicate that there are a huge number of multiple oxygen groups and amine groups on the surface of the CDs. As their different fluorescence peaks originated from different emission surface groups on the nanodots show different pH dependence, these CDs can be used for ratiometric pH sensing.

  8. Synthesis and characterization of the novel rare earth orthophosphates Y{sub 0.5}Er{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} and Y{sub 0.5}Yb{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Schildhammer, Daniel; Petschnig, Lucas L.; Fuhrmann, Gerda; Heymann, Gunter; Schottenberger, Herwig; Huppertz, Hubert [Innsbruck Univ. (Austria). Inst. fuer Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie; Tribus, Martina [Innsbruck Univ. (Austria). Inst. fuer Mineralogie und Petrographie

    2016-02-01

    The new mixed rare earth (RE) orthophosphates Y{sub 0.5}Er{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} and Y{sub 0.5}Yb{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} were synthesized by a classical solid state reaction in an electrical furnace at 1200 C. As starting materials, the corresponding rare earth oxides and diammonium hydrogen phosphate were used. The powder diffraction analyses revealed that the new compounds Y{sub 0.5}Er{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} and Y{sub 0.5}Yb{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} crystallize in a zircon-type structure being isostructural with the rare earth orthophosphate YPO{sub 4}. Y{sub 0.5}Er{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} and Y{sub 0.5}Yb{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} crystallize in the tetragonal space group I4{sub 1}/amd (no. 141) with four formula units in the unit cell. The structural parameters based on Rietveld refinements are a = 687.27(2), c = 601.50(2) pm, V = 0.28412(1) nm{sup 3}, R{sub p} = 0.0143, and R{sub wp} = 0.0186 (all data) for Y{sub 0.5}Er{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} and a = 684.61(2), c = 599.31(2) pm, V = 0.28089(2) nm{sup 3}, R{sub p} = 0.0242, and R{sub wp} = 0.0313 (all data) for Y{sub 0.5}Yb{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4}. Furthermore, the structure of Y{sub 0.5}Er{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data: a = 687.78(5), c = 601.85(4) pm, V = 0.28470(5) nm{sup 3}, R{sub 1} = 0.0165, and wR{sub 2} = 0.0385 (all data). In both compounds, the rare earth metal ions are eightfold coordinated by oxygen atoms, forming two unique interlocking tetrahedra with two individual RE-O distances. The tetrahedral phosphate groups [PO{sub 4}]{sup 3-} are slightly distorted in both compounds. The individual rare earth ions share a common position (Wyckoff site 4a). The presence of two rare earth ions in the structures of the new orthophosphates Y{sub 0.5}Er{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} and Y{sub 0.5}Yb{sub 0.5}PO{sub 4} was additionally confirmed by single-crystal EDX spectroscopy revealing a ratio of 1:1.

  9. Spectroscopic and laser investigations of Nd3+ and Yb3+ in rare-earth oxyborates

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lupei, A.; Lupei, V.; Gheorghe, L.; Aka, G.; Vivien, D.; Antic- Fidancev, E.

    2002-01-01

    Since 1997 a new class of non-linear crystals have been intensively investigated, the rare-earth and calcium oxyborates RECa 4 O(BO 3 ) 4 -RECOB (especially with RE 3+ = Y 3+ or Gd 3+ ). These crystals can be grown from melt and have large effective non-linear coefficients; they present a large transparence range from 0.2-5 mm, are non-hygroscopic, have a high damage threshold, can be doped with large concentrations of laser active ions, etc. Undoped these crystals are good doublers and doped with Nd 3+ or Yb 3+ they can be used in the self - conversion regime for transformation of the infrared radiation into green, blue or red. A series of fundamental structural, spectroscopic and laser emission characteristics of Nd 3+ or Yb 3+ doped RECOB are still under study. Thus, one important aspect discussed in literature is the degree of disorder of RECOB crystals. The research performed in the frame of CERES project was devoted to the growth of the of RECOB crystals doped with Nd 3+ or Yb 3+ , structural investigations and high-resolution optical spectral investigations and Nd 3+ laser emission. The growth of RECa 4 O(BO) 3 (Y 3+ and Gd 3+ ) single crystals was performed with an ADL furnace by using Czochralski method. Good optical crystals were obtained on direction; X-ray structural studies were also performed. The low temperatures high-resolution optical spectral measurements on Nd 3+ and Yb 3+ doped GdCOB and YCOB allowed the clarification of some structural characteristics of these crystals. Two problems were studied: the intrinsic structure of undoped crystals and the doping effects. Studies revealed for the first time by optical spectroscopy essential differences between GdCOB and YCOB crystals; they refer to the satellite structure of Yb 3+ or Nd 3+ and inhomogeneous broadening, indicating a disordered structure much larger for YCOB, qualitatively in accord with recent X-ray results. Based on spectral, emission decay and structural investigations, models for

  10. Ultrashort Generation Regimes in the All-Fiber Kerr Mode-Locked Erbium-Doped Fiber Ring Laser for Terahertz Pulsed Spectroscopy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. S. Voropaev

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Many femtosecond engineering applications require for a stable generation of ultrashort pulses. Thus, in the terahertz pulsed spectroscopy a measurement error in the refractive index is strongly dependent on the pulse duration stability with allowable variation of few femtoseconds. The aim of this work is to study the ultrashort pulses (USP regimes stability in the all – fiber erbium doped ring laser with Kerr mode-locking. The study was conducted at several different values of the total resonator intra-cavity dispersion. Three laser schemes with the intra-cavity dispersion values from -1.232 ps2 to +0.008 ps2 have been studied. In the experiment there were two regimes of generation observed: the stretched pulse generation and ordinary soliton generation. Main attention is focused on the stability of regimes under study. The most stable regime was that of the stretched pulse generation with a spectrum form of sech2 , possible pulse duration of 490 fs at least, repetition rate of 2.9 MHz, and average output power of 17 mW. It is worth noting, that obtained regimes had characteristics suitable for the successful use in the terahertz pulsed spectroscopy. The results may be useful in the following areas of science and technology: a high-precision spectroscopy, optical frequency standards, super-continuum generation, and terahertz pulsed spectroscopy. The future system development is expected to stabilize duration and repetition rate of the obtained regime of ultra-short pulse generation.

  11. The down-conversion and up-conversion photoluminescence properties of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3:Yb3+/Pr3+ ceramics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huang, Yinpeng; Luo, Laihui; Wang, Jia; Zuo, Qianghui; Yao, Yongjie; Li, Weiping

    2015-01-01

    Na 0.5 Bi 0.5−x−y Yb x Pr y TiO 3 (NBT:xYb/yPr) ceramics with different Yb and Pr contents are prepared. Both the down-conversion (DC) and up-conversion (UC) photoluminescence (PL) of the ceramics via 453 and 980 nm excitation, respectively, are investigated. The effect of Yb 3+ and Pr 3+ doping contents on the DC and UC PL is significantly different from each other. Furthermore, the UC PL of the ceramics as a function of temperatures is measured to investigate the UC process in detail. Based on energy level diagram of Pr 3+ and Yb 3+ ions and the DC and UC PL spectra, the DC and UC PL mechanisms of Pr 3+ and Yb 3+ ions are discussed. Especially, the UC PL mechanism is clarified, which is different from the previously reported literature. Also, the temperature sensing properties of the ceramics are studied based on the photoluminescence ratio technique, using the thermal coupling energy levels of Pr 3+

  12. Luminescence and color center distributions in K3YB6O12:Ce3+ phosphor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yang, Li; Wan, Yingpeng; Weng, Honggen; Huang, Yanlin; Chen, Cuili; Seo, Hyo Jin

    2016-01-01

    Polycrystalline Ce 3+ -doped K 3 YB 6 O 12 (1–14 mol%) phosphors were prepared by facile chemical sol–gel synthesis. The phase formation of the phosphors was confirmed by x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. The photoluminescence excitation spectra (PLE), emission spectra (PL) and the luminescence decay curves were tested. Under the near-UV light, the phosphors present the emission from blue color to yellowish green due to the allowed 4 f  –5 d transitions of Ce 3+ ions. The absolute quantum efficiency (QE) of K 3 YB 6 O 12 :Ce 3+ can reach 53% under the excitation of near-UV light. The luminescence thermal quenching of the phosphor was investigated by the temperature-dependent spectra. The crystallographic site of Ce 3+ ions in the lattice was identified and discussed on the basis of luminescence characteristics and structural data. There is only one isolated Ce 3+ center occupying the Y(II) sites in the lightly doped samples presenting a typical doublet emission profile. While the Ce 3+ multi-centers could be created with the enhancement of the doping levels, which could induce the distinct red-shift of the spectra due to the dipole–dipole interactions. The result in this work could be useful for the further investigation of other rare earth ions in this host. (paper)

  13. Preparation and luminescence properties of LaPO{sub 4}:Er,Yb nanoparticles

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jung, Ha-Kyun [Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-600 (Korea, Republic of)]. E-mail: hakyun@krict.re.kr; Oh, Jae-Suk [Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-600 (Korea, Republic of); Seok, Sang-Il [Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yuseong, Daejeon 305-600 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Tack-Hyuck [Department of Chemistry, Paichai University, Daejeon 302-735 (Korea, Republic of)

    2005-09-15

    For possible applications as optical amplification materials in telecommunications, LaPO{sub 4}:Er,Yb nanoparticles were synthesized in a solution system and their properties were investigated by various spectroscopic techniques. The prepared nanoparticles are single-phased and present the monazite structure, the particle size being about 5 nm with a narrow size distribution. Also, it was confirmed by EA and FT-IR analyses that the surface of nanoparticles is coated with the solvent molecules used in the synthesis reaction, which possibly prevents them from agglomerating. In the NIR region, the emission of the LaPO{sub 4}:Er particles is very weak due to an efficient quenching of the {sup 4}I{sub 13/2}{yields}{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} emission by the hydroxyl groups adsorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles. On the other hand, the co-doping of Yb{sup 3+} as a sensitizer in the nanoparticles resulted in the increase of the emission intensity at 1539 nm due to the effective energy transfer from Yb{sup 3+} to Er{sup 3+}. In addition, the synthesized nanoparticles have exhibited good dispersibility into a polymer matrix and effective luminescence in the NIR region.

  14. One-pot synthesis of hollow structured upconversion luminescent β-NaYF4:Yb0.2Er0.02 nanoparticles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wu, Qinglong; Pei, Jianfeng; De, Gejihu

    2014-01-01

    Monodisperse, uniform, and hollow structured hexagonal sodium yttrium fluoride nanoparticles co-doped with Yb 3+ and Er 3+ (NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ , Er 3+ ) were successfully prepared by a facile one-pot thermal decomposition route. The crystal structure, morphology and upconversion spectra of the sample were investigated using X-ray powder diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, and fluorescence spectrophotometer with an external 980 nm single-wavelength diode laser. The synthesized nanoparticles were easily dispersed in nonpolar solvents, showed an extremely narrow particle distribution, and were determined to have a diameter about (14.3)±(1.1) nm. Moreover, the nanoparticles were dispersed in water via modification of the capping oleic acid ligand by HCl. To the synthesis of such monidisperse, water-soluble, hollow structured lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles may lead to potential applications in drug delivery and bioimaging. - Highlights: • Hollow structured hexagonal NaYF 4 :Yb 0.2 Er 0.02 luminescent nanoparticles were prepared by a facile one-pot thermal decomposition route. • HCl was used to render the nanoparticles to water solubility. • The bright green light and transparent solution indicate that as-treated water-soluble nanoparticles may lead to potential applications in drug delivery and bioimaging

  15. Femtosecond laser direct writing of monocrystalline hexagonal silver prisms

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Vora, Kevin; Kang, SeungYeon; Moebius, Michael [School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 (United States); Mazur, Eric [School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 (United States); Department of Physics, Harvard University, 9 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 (United States)

    2014-10-06

    Bottom-up growth methods and top-down patterning techniques are both used to fabricate metal nanostructures, each with a distinct advantage: One creates crystalline structures and the other offers precise positioning. Here, we present a technique that localizes the growth of metal crystals to the focal volume of a laser beam, combining advantages from both approaches. We report the fabrication of silver nanoprisms—hexagonal nanoscale silver crystals—through irradiation with focused femtosecond laser pulses. The growth of these nanoprisms is due to a nonlinear optical interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and a polyvinylpyrrolidone film doped with silver nitrate. The hexagonal nanoprisms have bases hundreds of nanometers in size and the crystal growth occurs over exposure times of less than 1 ms (8 orders of magnitude faster than traditional chemical techniques). Electron backscatter diffraction analysis shows that the hexagonal nanoprisms are monocrystalline. The fabrication method combines advantages from both wet chemistry and femtosecond laser direct-writing to grow silver crystals in targeted locations. The results presented in this letter offer an approach to directly positioning and growing silver crystals on a substrate, which can be used for plasmonic devices.

  16. Femtosecond laser direct writing of monocrystalline hexagonal silver prisms

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vora, Kevin; Kang, SeungYeon; Moebius, Michael; Mazur, Eric

    2014-01-01

    Bottom-up growth methods and top-down patterning techniques are both used to fabricate metal nanostructures, each with a distinct advantage: One creates crystalline structures and the other offers precise positioning. Here, we present a technique that localizes the growth of metal crystals to the focal volume of a laser beam, combining advantages from both approaches. We report the fabrication of silver nanoprisms—hexagonal nanoscale silver crystals—through irradiation with focused femtosecond laser pulses. The growth of these nanoprisms is due to a nonlinear optical interaction between femtosecond laser pulses and a polyvinylpyrrolidone film doped with silver nitrate. The hexagonal nanoprisms have bases hundreds of nanometers in size and the crystal growth occurs over exposure times of less than 1 ms (8 orders of magnitude faster than traditional chemical techniques). Electron backscatter diffraction analysis shows that the hexagonal nanoprisms are monocrystalline. The fabrication method combines advantages from both wet chemistry and femtosecond laser direct-writing to grow silver crystals in targeted locations. The results presented in this letter offer an approach to directly positioning and growing silver crystals on a substrate, which can be used for plasmonic devices.

  17. Transport, Thermal, and Magnetic Properties of YbNi3X9 (X = Al, Ga): A Newly Synthesized Yb-Based Kondo Lattice System

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamashita, Tetsuro; Miyazaki, Ryoichi; Aoki, Yuji; Ohara, Shigeo

    2012-03-01

    We have succeeded in synthesizing a new Yb-based Kondo lattice system, YbNi3X9 (X = Al, Ga). Our study reveals that YbNi3Al9 shows typical features of a heavy-fermion antiferromagnet with a Néel temperature of TN = 3.4 K. All of the properties reflect a competition between the Kondo effect and the crystalline electric field (CEF) effect. The moderate heavy-fermion state leads to an enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient of 100 mJ/(mol\\cdotK2), even if ordered antiferromagnetically. On the other hand, the isostructural gallide YbNi3Ga9 is an intermediate-valence system with a Kondo temperature of TK = 570 K. A large hybridization scale can overcome the CEF splitting energy, and a moderately heavy Fermi-liquid ground state with high local moment degeneracy should form at low temperatures. Note that the quality of single-crystalline YbNi3X9 is extremely high compared with those of other Yb-based Kondo lattice compounds. We conclude that YbNi3X9 is a suitable system for investigating the electronic structure of Yb-based Kondo lattice systems from a heavy-fermion system with an antiferromagnetically ordered ground state to an intermediate-valence system.

  18. Femtosecond all-optical parallel logic gates based on tunable saturable to reverse saturable absorption in graphene-oxide thin films

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roy, Sukhdev; Yadav, Chandresh

    2013-01-01

    A detailed theoretical analysis of ultrafast transition from saturable absorption (SA) to reverse saturable absorption (RSA) has been presented in graphene-oxide thin films with femtosecond laser pulses at 800 nm. Increase in pulse intensity leads to switching from SA to RSA with increased contrast due to two-photon absorption induced excited-state absorption. Theoretical results are in good agreement with reported experimental results. Interestingly, it is also shown that increase in concentration results in RSA to SA transition. The switching has been optimized to design parallel all-optical femtosecond NOT, AND, OR, XOR, and the universal NAND and NOR logic gates

  19. Effect of silver nanoparticles on the 1.53 μm fluorescence in Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite glasses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Libo; Zhou, Yaxun; Zhou, Zizhong; Cheng, Pan; Huang, Bo; Yang, Fengjing; Li, Jun

    2016-07-01

    Improving the spectroscopic properties of rare earth (RE) doped glass materials is a challenging task. In the present work the metallic silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were embedded into Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite glasses with composition TeO2-Bi2O3-TiO2, prepared using melt-quenching and subsequent heat-treated techniques, and the improved effect of Ag NPs on the 1.53 μm band fluorescence of Er3+ ions was investigated. About 24 h heat-treatment of Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite glass containing 1 mol % amount of AgNO3 at the temperature 370 °C yielded the well-dispersed and near-spherical Ag NPs with ∼11.4 nm average diameter as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image. The intense 1.53 μm band fluorescence was observed in the prepared Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite glasses under the excitation of 980 nm and was further improved with the presence of Ag NPs in the glass matrix, which is attributed to the enhanced local electric field around doped RE ions induced by Ag NPs and the possible energy transfer from Ag NPs to Er3+ ions. The enhanced local electric field was well demonstrated by comparing the variation of emission spectra of hypersensitive probe Eu3+ ions in tellurite glasses with and without Ag NPs. From the Judd-Ofelt analysis, it was also found that the value of Ω6 intensity parameter increased slightly with the increase of Ag NPs concentration in a certain range, also confirming the possibility of realizing strong fluorescence emission. In addition, the amorphous structural nature was demonstrated by the measured X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns with no sharp diffraction peak. The enhanced 1.53 μm band fluorescence indicates that the Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite glass with an appropriate amount of Ag NPs is a promising candidate for the development of Er3+-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) applied in the WDM systems.

  20. Monolithic Ytterbium All-single-mode Fiber Laser with Direct Fiber-end Delivery of nJ-level Femtosecond Pulses

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2008-01-01

    We demonstrate a monolithic, i.e. without any free-space coupling, all-single-mode passively modelocked Yb-fiber laser, with direct fiber-end delivery of 364−405 fs pulses of 4 nJ pulse energy using a low-loss hollow-core photonic crystal fiber compression....

  1. High temperature luminescence of ZnSe:Yb crystals

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Makhniy V. P.

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available The problem of obtaining of effective edge luminescence with high temperature stability in the zinc selenide crystals is discussed. This task is solved by using as the dopant rare-earth element yttrium, which is introduced into the undoped ZnSe crystal by diffusion method. Doping was carried out in an evacuated to 10 -4 Torr. and a sealed quartz ampoule, in the opposite ends of which is a sample and a mixture of the crushed Yb and Se. It has been found that the diffusion coefficient of yttrium at a temperature of 1400 K is about 5⋅10 -7 cm 2/sec. It is shown that in the luminescence spectra of ZnSe:Yb samples in the temperature range 295-470 K only blue band is observed. Dependencies of parameters of this band from the excitation level are typical for the annihilation of excitons at their inelastic scattering by free carriers. The efficacy of blue radiation at 300 K is about 30% and does not fall more than twice with increasing temperature up to 470 K, indicating its high thermal stability.

  2. Yb3+:Sr5(VO4)3F: Crystal growth, spectroscopic characterization and laser development

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bustamante, Andrea Nora Pino

    1999-01-01

    Crystal growth, spectroscopic characterization and laser development of Yb 3+ :SVAP [Sr 5 (VO 4 ) 3 F] was performed to demonstrate for the first time, operation of tunable laser emission centered at 1120 nm. Initially, SVAP crystals were grown with high dopant concentrations, up to 6.0 mol % of Yb 2 O 3 in the melt, in order to investigate the material for potential laser operation at a new laser wavelength. Additional research was performed to alleviate highly doped SVAP crystals of defects previously observed. Basic spectroscopic characterization including absorption and luminescent properties were measured to better understand the behavior of Yb 3+ ions in SVAP. Based upon these studies, discussion of the 1120 nm laser transition is presented as it arises from a ground state vibrational level. Investigations of the charge compensation process and the optical parameters as a function of dopant concentration are also presented. The laser development of Yb 3+ :SVAP included continuous and pulsed modes of operation of the 1044 nm and 1120 nm transitions. Initial laser action of the 1044 nm transition was achieved using a Yi: Saphire laser pump source in order to compare with previously results. Further development of a diode-pumped Yb 3+ :SVAP laser system demonstrated continuously tunable laser operation from 1103 nm for the first time. The laser investigations also proved that this high gain media does provide continuous wave laser action at 1044 nm and 1120 simultaneously without significant gain depletion. (author)

  3. Enhanced ~2.7 µm emission investigation of Er{sup 3+}:{sup 4}I{sub 11/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 13/2} transition in Yb,Er,Pr:SrLaGa{sub 3}O{sub 7} crystal

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wang, Yan [Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 (China); Zhang, Baotong [Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 (China); College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007 (China); Li, Jianfu; Zhu, Zhaojie; You, Zhenyu [Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 (China); Tu, Chaoyang, E-mail: tcy@fjirsm.ac.cn [Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002 (China)

    2017-03-15

    The bulk crystal of 5at% Yb{sup 3+}, 20 at% Er{sup 3+} and 0.2 at% Pr{sup 3+} triply doped SrLaGa{sub 3}O{sub 7} (abbr. as Yb,Er,Pr:SLGO) was grown by the Czochralski method. The effects of co-dopant Yb{sup 3+} and Pr{sup 3+} on the spectroscopic properties and the mutual energy transfer mechanism were investigated, via the measurements of its absorption, near-infrared and mid-infrared fluorescence spectra, as well as the fluorescence decay curves of Er{sup 3+}:{sup 4}I{sub 13/2} and {sup 4}I{sub 11/2} levels at room temperature. As compared with 20at% Er{sup 3+} singly doped SrLaGa{sub 3}O{sub 7} crystal, ~2.7 µm emission intensity corresponding to Er{sup 3+}:{sup 4}I{sub 11/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 13/2} transition is enhanced greatly in the Yb,Er,Pr:SLGO crystal. Spectral analyses indicate that the sensitization of Yb{sup 3+} to Er{sup 3+} improves the ~2.7 µm emission in Yb,Er,Pr:SLGO crystal, meanwhile, the depopulation of Pr{sup 3+} from Er{sup 3+} decreases the ~1.5 µm emission and inhibits the self-termination effect. The energy transfer efficiencies of Yb{sup 3+}→Er{sup 3+} (ET1), Er{sup 3+}→Pr{sup 3+} (ET2) and Er{sup 3+}→Pr{sup 3+} (ET3) were estimated and discussed. The above results conclude that Yb,Er,Pr:SLGO crystal is a good candidate for LD pumped mid-infrared laser. - Graphical abstract: As compared with Er: SrLaGa{sub 3}O{sub 7} crystal, ~2.7 µm MIR emissions corresponding to Er{sup 3+}:{sup 4}I{sub 11/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 13/2} transition were enhanced in Yb{sup 3+}, Er{sup 3+} and Pr{sup 3+} triply doped SrLaGa{sub 3}O{sub 7} crystal owing to the sensitization of co-dopant Yb{sup 3+} via ET1, at the same time, ~1.5 µm NIR emissions were weakened owing to the depopulation of co-dopant Pr{sup 3+} via ET3.

  4. Doping-controlled Coherent Electron-Phonon Coupling in Vanadium Dioxide

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Appavoo, Kannatassen [Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States) Interdisciplinary Materials Science; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials; Wang, Bin [Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States) Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Nag, Joyeeta [Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States) Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Sfeir, Matthew Y. [Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials; Pantelides, Sokrates T. [Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States) Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States). Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; Haglund, Richard F. [Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN (United States) Interdisciplinary Materials Science and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy

    2015-05-10

    Broadband femtosecond transient spectroscopy and density functional calculations reveal that substitutional tungsten doping of a VO2 film changes the coherent phonon response compared to the undoped film due to altered electronic and structural dynamics.

  5. Continuous-wave green thin-disk laser at 524 nm based on frequency-doubled diode-pumped Yb:GSO crystal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shao, Y; Zhang, D; Liu, H P; Jin, H J; Li, Y L; Tao, Z H; Ruan, Q R; Zhang, T Y

    2011-01-01

    We report what is believed to be the first demonstration of diode-pumped continuous-wave (CW) thin-disk Yb 3+ -doped Gd 2 SiO 5 (Yb:GSO) laser at 1048 nm. With a 3.8% output coupler, the maximum output power is 1.38 W under a pump power of 17.8 W. Moreover, intracavity second-harmonic generation (SHG) has also been achieved with a power of 337 mW at 524 nm by using a LiB 3 O 5 (LBO) nonlinear crystal. At the output power level of 337 mW, the green power stability is better than 5% and the ellipticity of spot is 0.97

  6. Sequential growth of sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell–shell nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Peng, Huang-Yong; Ding, Bin-Bin; Ma, Yin-Chu [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Sun, Shi-Qi [State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 (China); Tao, Wei [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Guo, Yan-Chuan [Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Guo, Hui-Chen, E-mail: ghch-2004@hotmail.com [State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 (China); Yang, Xian-Zhu, E-mail: yangxz@hftu.edu.cn [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Qian, Hai-Sheng, E-mail: shqian@hfut.edu.cn [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China)

    2015-12-01

    Graphical abstract: The monodisperse elliptical NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell–shell nanoparticles have been synthesized successfully by a facile sequential growth process, which can be used as transducer for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. - Highlights: • The NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb nanoparticles have been fabricated successfully. • The as-prepared nanoparticles show strong fluorescence excited at 980 or 808 nm. • The nanoparticles were transferred into the aqueous phase via a facile process. • Photosensitizers were loaded into the composites for photodynamic therapy. - Abstract: Upconversion (UC) nanostructures have attracted much interest for their extensive biological applications. In this work, we describe a sequential synthetic route to prepare sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell upconversion nanoparticles. The as-prepared products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM 2100F), respectively. The as-prepared core–shell nanoparticles of NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb are composed of elliptical nanoparticles with a length of 80 nm and width of 42 nm, which show efficient upconversion fluorescence excited at 808 nm indicating the formation of core–shell–shell sandwiched nanostructures. In addition, the as-prepared sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell upconversion nanoparticles also show strong upconversion fluorescence excited at 980 nm. Amphiphilic mPEG{sub 2k}-b-PEBEP{sub 6K} copolymers (denoted as PPE) were chosen to transfer these hydrophobic UCNPs into the aqueous phase for biological application. In vitro photodynamic therapy of cancer cells show that the viability of cells incubated with the nanoparticles loaded with MC 540 was significantly lower as compared to the nanoparticles without photosensitizers exposed to NIR laser.

  7. Role of Gd{sup 3+} ion on downshifting and upconversion emission properties of Pr{sup 3+}, Yb{sup 3+} co-doped YNbO{sub 4} phosphor and sensitization effect of Bi{sup 3+} ion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dwivedi, A.; Rai, S. B., E-mail: sbrai49@yahoo.co.in [Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005 (India); Mishra, Kavita [Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007 (India)

    2016-07-28

    Dual-mode luminescence (downshifting-DS and upconversion-UC) properties of Pr{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped Y{sub 1−x}Gd{sub x}NbO{sub 4} (x = 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0) phosphors synthesized by solid state reaction technique have been explored with and without Gd{sup 3+} ion. The structural characterizations (XRD, SEM, and FTIR) confirm the pure phase of YNbO{sub 4} phosphor. Further, with the Gd{sup 3+} ion co-doping, the YNbO{sub 4} phosphors having a random shape and the large particle size are found to be transformed into nearly spherical shape particles with the reduced particle size. The optical band gaps (E{sub g}) of Y{sub 1−x}Gd{sub x}NbO{sub 4} (x = 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00) calculated from UV-Vis-NIR measurements are ∼3.69, 4.00, 4.38, and 4.44 eV, respectively. Moreover, YNbO{sub 4} phosphor is a promising blue emitting material, whereas Y{sub 1−x−y−z}Pr{sub y}Yb{sub z}Gd{sub x}NbO{sub 4} phosphor gives intense green, blue, and red emissions via dual-mode optical processes. The broad blue emission arises due to (NbO{sub 4}){sup 3−} group of the host with λ{sub ex} = 264 nm, whereas Pr{sup 3+} doped YNbO{sub 4} phosphor gives dominant red and blue emissions along with comparatively weak green emission on excitation with λ{sub ex} = 300 nm and 491 nm. The concentration dependent variation in emission intensity at 491 nm ({sup 3}P{sub 0}→{sup 3}H{sub 4} transition) and 612 nm ({sup 1}D{sub 2}→{sup 3}H{sub 4} transition); at 612 nm ({sup 1}D{sub 2}→{sup 3}H{sub 4} transition) and 658 nm ({sup 3}P{sub 0}→{sup 3}F{sub 2} transition) of Pr{sup 3+} ion in YNbO{sub 4} phosphor with λ{sub ex} = 300 nm and 491 nm excitations, respectively, has been thoroughly explored and explained by the cross-relaxation process through different channels. The sensitization effect of Bi{sup 3+} ion co-doping on DS properties of the phosphor has also been studied. The observed DS results have been optimized by varying the

  8. Transportin-1-dependent YB-1 nuclear import

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mordovkina, Daria A.; Kim, Ekaterina R.; Buldakov, Ilya A.; Sorokin, Alexey V.; Eliseeva, Irina A.; Lyabin, Dmitry N.; Ovchinnikov, Lev P.

    2016-01-01

    The DNA/RNA-binding protein YB-1 (Y-box binding protein 1) performs multiple functions both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the cell. Generally localized to the cytoplasm, under certain conditions YB-1 is translocated to the nucleus. Here we report for the first time a transport factor that mediates YB-1 nuclear import – transportin-1. The YB-1/transportin-1 complex can be isolated from HeLa cell extract. Nuclear import of YB-1 and its truncated form YB-1 (1-219) in in vitro transport assay was diminished in the presence of a competitor substrate and ceased in the presence of transportin-1 inhibitor M9M. Inhibitors of importin β1 had no effect on YB-1 transport. Furthermore, transport of YB-1 (P201A/Y202A) and YB-1 (1–219) (P201A/Y202A) bearing inactivating mutations in the transportin-1-dependent nuclear localization signal was practically abolished. Together, these results indicate that transportin-1 mediates YB-1 nuclear translocation. - Highlights: • Transportin-1 mediates YB-1 nuclear import. • YB-1 nuclear translocation is diminished in the presence of transportin-1 inhibitors. • Mutations in the PY motif of YB-1 NLS prevent its translocation to the nucleus.

  9. Up-conversion luminescent properties of La{sub (0.80−x)}VO{sub 4}:Yb{sub x}, Er{sub 0.20} phosphors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Choi, Dong Hwa; Kang, Deok Hwa [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Yi, Soung Soo, E-mail: ssyi@silla.ac.kr [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Jang, Kiwan [Department of Physics, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Jeong, Jung Hyun [Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737 (Korea, Republic of)

    2015-11-15

    Highlights: • A novel green and red emitting LaVO{sub 4}:Yb{sub x}{sup 3+}, Er{sub 0.20}{sup 3+} phosphors were synthesized. • Their structures, luminescent properties have also been investigated. • Major laser transition for Er{sup 3+} ion is {sup 2}H{sub 11/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2} (525 nm). • These results suggest the possibility as photonic devices. - Abstract: Yb{sup 3+}, Er{sup 3+} co-doped LaVO{sub 4} phosphors were synthesized by solid state reaction method. Yb{sup 3+} concentrations were changed from 0.01 to 0.20 mol for the fixed Er{sup 3+} concentration at 0.2 mol. The crystalline structure of samples was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The composition was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The red and green up-conversion emissions were observed in Yb{sup 3+}, Er{sup 3+} co-doped LaVO{sub 4} phosphors under the excitation of 980 nm laser diode. Several emissions in green and red regions of the spectrum were observed near 525 nm, 553 nm and 659 nm radiated by {sup 2}H{sub 11/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2}, {sup 4}S{sub 3/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2}, and {sup 4}F{sub 3/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2} transitions, respectively.

  10. Magnetic anisotropy of pure and doped YbInCu sub 4 compounds at ambient and high pressures

    CERN Document Server

    Mushnikov, N V; Rozenfeld, E V; Yoshimura, K; Zhang, W; Yamada, M; Kageyama, H

    2003-01-01

    The susceptibility and high-field magnetization of single-crystalline Yb sub 1 sub - sub x Y sub x InCu sub 4 (x = 0, 0.2 and 0.3) samples have been measured for different field orientations at ambient and high pressures. The compounds with x = 0 and 0.2 undergo a first-order valence transition from the intermediate-valence state to the trivalent state on increasing either temperature or magnetic field. The magnetization and susceptibility of these compounds have appreciable anisotropy in both states. The magnetic phase diagram of Yb sub 1 sub - sub x Y sub x InCu sub 4 determined at ambient pressure is also anisotropic, which is explained by the crystal-field calculations for the free Yb ion in the high-temperature phase. Moreover, the low-temperature magnetization process for x = 0.2 and 0.3 has been measured in low fields under high pressure; it shows anisotropic ferromagnetic ordering.

  11. Quantum sized Ag nanocluster assisted fluorescence enhancement in Tm3+-Yb3+ doped optical fiber beyond plasmonics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chattopadhyay, Rik; Haldar, Arindam; Paul, Mukul C.; Das, Shyamal; Bhadra, Shyamal K.

    2015-01-01

    We report a process for enhancing fluorescence emission from conventional rare earth ions in optical fiber by metal nanocluster (MNC) in nonresonant indirect pumping. The process is completely different from formal metal enhanced fluorescence phenomenon as the MNCs are too small in size to support localized surface plasmon and the excitation wavelength is far from plasmon resonance frequency. We used an established theory of two coupled oscillators to explain the simultaneous enhancement of Ytterbium (Yb 3+ ) and Thulium (Tm 3+ ) emission by silver (Ag) NCs under nonresonant pumping in optical fiber. The fiber is pumped with a 980 nm fiber pigtailed laser diode with input power of 20–100 mW to excite the Yb 3+ . Four times enhancement of Yb 3+ emission of 900–1100 nm and Tm 3+ upconversion emission around 474 nm, 650 nm, and 790 nm is observed in the fiber with Ag NCs

  12. Linearly polarized intracavity passive Q-switched Yb-doped ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    2014-02-14

    Feb 14, 2014 ... ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fibre laser with a Cr4+:YAG crystal ... average output power of 9.4 W with pulse duration of 64 ns and ... applications of nonlinear frequency shifting like frequency doubling and optical paramet-.

  13. Guiding and amplification properties of rod-type photonic crystal fibers with sectioned core doping

    Science.gov (United States)

    Selleri, S.; Poli, F.; Passaro, D.; Cucinotta, A.; Lægsgaard, J.; Broeng, J.

    2009-05-01

    Rod-type photonic crystal fibers are large mode area double-cladding fibers with an outer diameter of few millimeters which can provide important advantages for high-power lasers and amplifiers. Numerical studies have recently demonstrated the guidance of higher-order modes in these fibers, which can worsen the output beam quality of lasers and amplifiers. In the present analysis a sectioned core doping has been proposed for Ybdoped rod-type photonic crystal fibers, with the aim to improve the higher-order mode suppression. A full-vector modal solver based on the finite element method has been applied to properly design the low refractive index ring in the fiber core, which can provide an increase of the differential overlap between the fundamental and the higher-order mode. Then, the gain competition among the guided modes along the Yb-doped rod-type fibers has been investigated with a spatial and spectral amplifier model. Simulation results have shown the effectiveness of the sectioned core doping in worsening the higher-order mode overlap on the doped area, thus providing an effective single-mode behavior of the Yb-doped rod-type photonic crystal fibers.

  14. Spectral-converting study of La{sub 1−m−n}Er{sub m}Yb{sub n}OCl (m=0.001–0.2, n=0–0.1) phosphors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Park, Sangmoon, E-mail: spark@silla.ac.kr [Center for Green Fusion Technology and Department of Engineering in Energy and Applied Chemistry, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Cho, So-Hye [Center for Materials Architecturing, Institute of Multidisciplinary Convergence of Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-650 (Korea, Republic of)

    2014-09-15

    Optical materials composed of La{sub 1−m−n}Er{sub m}Yb{sub n}OCl (m=0.001–0.2, n=0–0.1) solid solution were prepared via a solid-state reaction using excess NH{sub 4}Cl flux at 950 °C for 30 min. X-ray diffraction patterns of La{sub 1−m}Er{sub m}OCl were compared upon altering the molar ratios of the flux to the La{sup 3+} (Er{sup 3+}, Yb{sup 3+}) ions. By means of photoluminescence spectra, the dependence of the luminescence intensity as a function of the Er{sup 3+} content and the color CIE coordinates of the Er{sup 3+}-doped layered LaOCl compounds were also investigated under excitation by near-ultraviolet (NUV) and visible light. The spectral conversion properties of Er{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} ions doped into LaOCl phosphors were elucidated under diode-laser irradiation of 980 nm in wavelength. The desired up-conversion of the emitting light, passing throughout the green, orange, and red regions of the spectrum, was achieved by appropriate Er{sup 3+} and/or Yb{sup 3+} concentrations in the LaOCl host structure under 980-nm-excitation light, while its mechanism in the phosphors was described by an energy-level schematic. Up-conversion emission spectra and the dependence of the emission intensity on pump power in the La{sub 0.89}Er{sub 0.1}Yb{sub 0.01}OCl phosphor were investigated under diode-laser irradiation of both wavelengths, 980 and 1550 nm. - Highlights: • Flux-assisted La{sub 1−m−n}Er{sub m}Yb{sub n}OCl (m=0.001–0.2, n=0–0.1) phosphors were prepared. • Distinctive photoluminescence properties of Er{sup 3+}-doped LaOCl were investigated. • Spectral converting properties of Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} in LaOCl phosphors were elucidated. • Up-conversion mechanisms are proposed on the basis of an energy-level diagram. • Dependence of the emission intensity on pump power in the phosphor was investigated.

  15. Kondo effect and heavy fermions in Yb compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bonville, P.

    1987-01-01

    The Kondo properties of Yb dilute alloys and intermetallics have been investigated using Moessbauer spectroscopy on 170 Yb. In the dilute alloys AuYb and LaBe 13 Yb, the Kondo logarithmic anomaly of the impurity relaxation rate has been detected, and in the concentrated Yb compounds YbBe 13 , YbP and YbAs, and YbCuAl, the manifestations of the interplay between the Kondo effect and the magnetic ordering due to the RKKY interaction have been characterized

  16. Effect of F- ions on physical and spectroscopic properties of Yb3+-doped TeO2-based glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang Guonian; Dai Shixun; Zhang Junjie; Xu Shiqing; Hu Lili; Jiang Zhonghong

    2005-01-01

    The effects of F - ions on physical and spectroscopic properties of the Yb 3+ in tellurite glass system are investigated. The results show that the glass system takes on good thermal stability with the content of ZnF 2 lower than 15 mol%, both the emission cross-section and the fluorescence lifetime of Yb 3+ ions increase evidently which indicate that such oxyfluoride tellurite glass system is a promising laser host matrix for high power generation. FT-IR spectra were used to analyze the effect of F- ions on the structure of tellurite glasses and OH - groups in this glass system. Analysis demonstrates that addition of fluoride decreases the symmetry of the structure of tellurite glasses which increases the emission cross-section and removes the OH - groups, and which improves the measured fluorescence lifetime of Yb 3+ ions

  17. Luminescence of Er3+ doped double lead halide crystals under X-ray, UV, VIS and IR excitation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Serazetdinov, A. R.; Smirnov, A. A.; Pustovarov, V. A.; Isaenko, L. I.

    2017-09-01

    Er3+ doped double lead halide crystals incorporate a number of properties making them interesting for practical use in light conducting materials. X-ray excited luminescence (XRL) spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra in region of 1.5-3.5 eV, photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra (2.75-5 eV) and anti-stokes luminescence (ASL) spectra were measured at room temperature in KPb2Cl5 (KPC) and RbPb2Br5 (RPB) matrices doped with Er3+ (1%) ions and in KPC doped with Er3++ Yb3+ ions(1:3 ratio concentration). Intraconfigurational f→f transitions are observed in Er3+ ions in most of the cases. The concrete spectrum form is strongly dependent on the excitation energy. Under 980 nm excitation upper Er3+ levels are excited, showing upconversional processes. In case of 313 nm (UV) and 365 nm (VIS) excitation self trapped exciton luminescence was detected in RPB crystal. Additional Yb3+ doping ions strongly increase quantum yield under 980 nm excitation and this doping cause insignificant influence on quantum yield under VIS or UV excitation.

  18. Near infrared emission of TbAG:Ce{sup 3+},Yb{sup 3+} phosphor for solar cell applications

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Meshram, N. D., E-mail: meshramnileshsd@gmail.com [Shri. Mathuradas Mohota College of Science, Sakkardara Square, Nagpur-440009 (India); Yadav, P. J., E-mail: yadav.pooja75@yahoo.in [Department of Electronics, Nagpur University campus, Nagpur-440010 (India); Pathak, A. A., E-mail: aapathak@yahoo.com [National power Training Institute, South ambazari road, Nagpur-440022 (India); Joshi, C. P., E-mail: charusheela-4253@yahoo.co.in [Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Katol road, Gittikhadan Nagpur-440012 (India); Moharil, S. V., E-mail: svmoharil@yahoo.com [Department of Physics, Nagpur University campus, Nagpur-440010 (India)

    2016-05-06

    Luminescent materials doped with rare earth ions are used for many devices such as optical amplifiers in telecommunication, phosphors for white light emitting diodes (LEDs), displays, and so on. Recently, they also have attracted a great interest for photovoltaic applications to improve solar cell efficiency by modifying solar spectrum. Crystal silicon (c-Si) solar cells most effectively convert photons of energy close to the semiconductor band gap. The mis-match between the incident solar spectrum and the spectral response of solar cells is one of the main reasons to limit the cell efficiency. The efficiency limit of the c-Si has been estimated to be 29% by Shockley and Queisser. However, this limit is estimated to be improved up to 38.4% by modifying the solar spectrum by a quantum cutting (down converting) phosphor which converts one photon of high energy into two photons of lower energy. The phenomenon such as the quantum cutting or the down conversion of rare earth ions have been investigated since Dexter reported the possibility of a luminescent quantum yield greater than unity in 1957. In the past, the quantum cutting from a vacuum ultraviolet photon to visible photons for Pr{sup 3+}, Gd{sup 3+},Gd{sup 3+}–Eu{sup 3+}, and Er{sup 3+}–Tb{sup 3+} had been studied. Recently, a new quantum cutting phenomenon from visible photon shorter than 500 nm to two infrared photons for Tb{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+}, Pr{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+}, and Tm{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} has been reported. The Yb{sup 3+} ion is suitable as an acceptor and emitter because luminescent quantum efficiency of Yb{sup 3+} is close to 100% and the energy of the only excited level of Yb{sup 3+} (1.2 eV) is roughly in accordance with the band gap of Si (1.1 eV). In addition, the Ce{sup 3+}-doped Tb{sub 3}Al{sub 5}O{sub 12} (TbAG), used as a phosphor for white LED, has broad absorption bands in the range of 300–500 nm due to strong ligand field and high luminescent quantum efficiency. Therefore, the

  19. An inelastic neutron scattering study of the spin dynamics of Yb1-xLuxAl3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Osborn, R.

    1998-01-01

    We present the results of a systematic inelastic neutron scattering study of the spin dynamics of the mixed valent compound YbAl 3 doped with nonmagnetic lutetium. The aim of the investigation is to clarify the origin of the unusual gap-like magnetic response observed in YbAl 3 , which can be modeled by two inelastic peaks: a narrow peak at 34 meV with HWHM, r = 6.4 ± 0.8 meV and a broad peak at 44 meV with Λ = 30 ± 1 meV. Lutetium substitution leads to a substantial increase in the linewidth (Λ = 9 ± 1 meV at x = 0.1) and a decrease in the intensity (down by 60% at x = 0.1) of the narrow component, with a negligible effect on the broad inelastic peak. This trend is confirmed with higher doping resulting in the complete suppression of the narrow peak at x ≥ 0.35. The results indicate that the narrow component arises from coherent excitation processes within the hybridized 4f-band, which are destroyed by disorder, while the broad component is not so sensitive to the loss of coherence

  20. Laser parameters, focusing optics, and side effects in femtosecond laser corneal surgery

    Science.gov (United States)

    Plamann, Karsten; Nuzzo, Valeria; Peyrot, Donald A.; Deloison, Florent; Savoldelli, Michèle; Legeais, Jean-Marc

    2008-02-01

    Nowadays, femtosecond lasers are routinely used in refractive eye surgery. Until recently, commercialised clinical systems were exclusively based on ytterbium or neodymium-doped solid state lasers emitting sub-picosecond pulses at a wavelength of about 1 μm and repetition rates of a few 10 kHz. These systems use pulse energies in the μJ range and focussing optics of NA = 0.3 to 0.5. Recent developments have provided a variety of alternative and equally viable approaches: systems are now available using nJ pulses at high numerical apertures and MHz repetition rates - an approach so far only used for femtosecond cell surgery - and fibre laser technology is now being used for femtosecond laser corneal surgery. Recent research has also provided more insight in side effects occurring in present systems: self focusing phenomena and so far unexplained periodical structures have been observed even at high numerical apertures (NA >> 0.5) and moderate pulse energies. The interaction of femtosecond laser pulses with strongly scattering tissue has been studied in view of extending the application of femtosecond lasers to keratoplasty for opaque corneas and to glaucoma surgery. The use of new laser wavelengths and adaptive optics has been proposed. Despite the reputation of femtosecond surgical systems for their precision, repeatability and the absence of secondary effects or complications, a closer examination reveals the presence of subtle phenomena which merit further investigation. We present three of these phenomena: the influence of optical aberration on the quality of the incision, the occurrence of filamentation effects, and the deposit of microscopic glass fragments when performing penetrating incisions.

  1. Utilization of visible to NIR light energy by Yb"+"3, Er"+"3 and Tm"+"3 doped BiVO_4 for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Regmi, Chhabilal; Kshetri, Yuwaraj K.; Ray, Schindra Kumar; Pandey, Ramesh Prasad; Lee, Soo Wohn

    2017-01-01

    Highlights: • Lanthanide doped BiVO_4 as highly efficient upconversion and photocatalytic material. • Well defined beads like morphology for better photocatalytic activity. • Effective utilization of NIR and visible light for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. • Nontoxic to human cells, potential for application in biological fields. - Abstract: Lanthanide-doped BiVO_4 semiconductors with efficient photocatalytic activities over a broad range of the solar light spectrum have been synthesized by the microwave hydrothermal method using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the as-synthesized samples were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The chemical compositions were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The toxicity of the samples was measured using Mus musculus skin melanoma cells (B16-F10 (ATCC"® CRL-6475™)) and were found to be nontoxic for human cells. The photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared samples was evaluated by methylene blue (MB) degradation. The best photocatalytic activity was shown by BiVO_4 with 6:3:3 mol percentage of Yb"+"3:Er"+"3:Tm"+"3 in all solar light spectrum. The synthesized samples possess low band gap energy and a hollow structure suitable for the better photocatalytic activity. The observed NIR photoactivity supports that the upconversion mechanism is involved in the overall photocatalytic process. Therefore, this approach provides a better alternative upconversion material for integral solar light absorption.

  2. Cooperative down-conversion of UV light in disordered scheelitelike Yb-doped NaGd(MoO4)2 and NaLa(MoO4)2 crystals

    Science.gov (United States)

    Subbotin, K. A.; Osipova, Yu. N.; Lis, D. A.; Smirnov, V. A.; Zharikov, E. V.; Shcherbakov, I. A.

    2017-07-01

    Concentration series of disordered scheelitelike Yb:NaGd(MoO4)2 and Yb:NaLa(MoO4)2 single crystals are grown by the Czochralski method. The actual concentrations of Yb3+ ions in the crystals are determined by optical-absorption spectroscopy. The luminescence of Yb3+ ions in these crystals in the region of 1 μm is studied under UV and IR excitation. In the case of UV excitation, this luminescence appears as a result of nonradiative excited state energy transfer from donor centers of unknown nature to ytterbium. The character of the concentration dependence of Yb3+ luminescence indicates that the energy transfer at high Yb concentrations occurs with active participation of a cooperative mechanism, according to which the excitation energy of one donor center is transferred simultaneously to two Yb3+ ions. In other words, the quantum yield of this transfer exceeds unity, which can be used to increase the efficiency of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells.

  3. Structural features of silver-doped phosphate glasses in zone of femtosecond laser-induced modification

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vasileva, A.A.; Nazarov, I.A.; Olshin, P.K.; Povolotskiy, A.V.; Sokolov, I.A.; Manshina, A.A.

    2015-01-01

    Femtosecond (fs) laser writing of two-dimensional microstructures (waveguides) is demonstrated in bulk phosphate glasses doped with silver ions. Silver-content phosphate and silver-content niobium–phosphate glasses with high concentration of silver oxide 55 mol% were used as samples for fs laser writing. The chemical network structure of the synthesized samples is analyzed through Raman spectroscopy and was found to be strongly sensitive to Nb incorporation. It was found that the direct laser writing process enables not only reorganization of glass network, but also formation of color centers and silver nanoparticles that are revealed in appearance of luminescence signal and plasmon absorption. The process of NPs' formation is more efficient for Nb-phosphate glass, while color centers are preferably formed in phosphate glass. - Graphical abstract: Formation of silver NPs on the surface of 0.5Ag 2 O–0.4P 2 O 5 –0,1Nb 2 O 5 glass induced by CW laser irradiation. - Highlights: • The structure of 0.5Ag 2 O–0.1Nb 2 O 5 –0.4P 2 O 5 and 0.55Ag 2 O–0.45P 2 O 5 glasses was investigated by Raman spectroscopy. • Fs laser writing induces formation of silver NPs in investigated glasses. • Surface plasmon resonance in the absorption spectra confirms the formation of NP. • The possibility of CW laser induced formation of silver NPs on the surface of sample with niobium is shown

  4. Femtosecond laser micro-machined polyimide films for cell scaffold applications

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Antanavičiute, Ieva; Šimatonis, Linas; Ulčinas, Orestas

    2018-01-01

    of commercially available 12.7 and 25.4μm thickness polyimide (PI) film was applied. Mechanical properties of the fabricated scaffolds, i.e. arrays of differently spaced holes, were examined via custom-built uniaxial micro-tensile testing and finite element method simulations. We demonstrate that experimental...... micro-tensile testing results could be numerically simulated and explained by two-material model, assuming that 2-6μm width rings around the holes possessed up to five times higher Young's modulus and yield stress compared with the rest of the laser intacted PI film areas of 'dog-bone'-shaped specimens......Engineering of sophisticated synthetic 3D scaffolds that allow controlling behaviour and location of the cells requires advanced micro/nano-fabrication techniques. Ultrafast laser micro-machining employing a 1030-nm wavelength Yb:KGW femtosecond laser and a micro-fabrication workstation for micro-machining...

  5. Study of ytterbium doping effects on structural, mechanical and opto-thermal properties of sprayed ZnO thin films using the Boubaker Polynomials Expansion Scheme (BPES)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Amlouk, A. [Unite de physique des dispositifs a semi-conducteurs, Faculte des sciences de Tunis, Universite de Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis (Tunisia); Boubaker, K., E-mail: mmbb11112000@yahoo.f [Unite de physique des dispositifs a semi-conducteurs, Faculte des sciences de Tunis, Universite de Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis (Tunisia); Amlouk, M. [Unite de physique des dispositifs a semi-conducteurs, Faculte des sciences de Tunis, Universite de Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis (Tunisia); Bouhafs, M. [Unite de Recherche MA2I, Ecole Nationale d' Ingenieurs de Tunis, B.P. 37 Le Belvedere, 1002 Tunis (Tunisia)

    2009-10-19

    In this work, ZnO thin films have been grown on glass substrates by using a solution of propanol (C{sub 3}H{sub 8}O), water (H{sub 2}O) and zinc acetate (Z{sub n}(CH{sub 3}CO{sub 2}){sub 2}) in acidified medium (pH 5). The obtained films were n doped with ytterbium (Yb) at the rates of 100, 200 and 300 ppm. The structural features of the doped films were investigated using XRD, atomic force microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy techniques. XRD analysis shows a strong (0 0 2) X-ray diffraction line for increasing Yb-doping amounts. This c-axis preferential orientation of ZnO crystallites is naturally required to use this oxide as transparent conductor in optoelectronic applications. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis shows an enhancement in the surface roughness of the doped ZnO:Yb thin films. Optical measurements were performed in 300-1800 nm domain via transmittance T(lambda) and reflectance R(lambda) spectra. Conjoint optical and thermal properties were deduced from the optical measurements in reference to the Amlouk-Boubaker opto-thermal expansivity psi{sub AB}. Optically relevant ytterbium doping effects have been discussed. Finally, mechanical measurements have been carried out using Vickers standard disposal. The results confirmed the structural and functional changes that several recent studies attributed to ytterbium doping.

  6. Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped TeO2-BaF2-Y2O3 glasses for ∼1.2 μm laser applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Shunbin; Li, Chengzhi; Yao, Chuanfei; Jia, Shijie; Jia, Zhixu; Qin, Guanshi; Qin, Weiping

    2017-02-01

    Intense ∼1.2 μm fluorescence is observed in Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped TeO2-BaF2-Y2O3 glasses under 915 nm laser diode excitation. The 1.2 μm emission can be ascribed to the transition 5I6→5I8 of Ho3+. With the introducing of BaF2, the content of OH in the glasses drops markedly, and the 1.2 μm emission intensity increases gradually as increasing the concentration percentage of BaF2. Furthermore, microstructured fibers based on the TeO2-BaF2-Y2O3 glasses are fabricated by using a rod-in-tube method, and a relative positive gain of ∼9.42 dB at 1175.3 nm is obtained in a 5 cm long fiber.

  7. Nonlinear optical studies in semiconductor-doped glasses under ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Abstract. Nonlinear optical studies in semiconductor-doped glasses (SDGs) are per- formed under femtosecond laser pulse excitation. Z-scan experiments with 800 nm wave- length pulses are used to excite SDG samples in the resonance and non-resonance regimes. Schott colour glass filter OG 515 shows stronger ...

  8. Formation of Deep Electron Trap by Yb3+ Codoping Leads into Super-Long Persistent Luminescence in Ce3+-doped Yttrium Aluminum Gallium Garnet Phosphors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ueda, Jumpei; Miyano, Shun; Tanabe, Setsuhisa

    2018-05-23

    The Y 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :Ce 3+ -Cr 3+ compound is one of the brightest persistent phosphors, but its persistent luminescence (PersL) duration is not so long due to the relatively shallow Cr 3+ electron trap. Comparing the vacuum referred binding energy of the electron trapping state by Cr 3+ and those by lanthanide ions, we selected Yb 3+ as a deeper electron trapping center. The Y 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :Ce 3+ -Yb 3+ phosphors show Ce 3+ :5d→4f green persistent luminescence after ceasing blue light excitation. The formation of Yb 2+ was confirmed by the increased intensity of absorption at 585 nm during the charging process. This result indicates that the Yb 3+ ions act as electron traps by capturing an electron. From the thermoluminescence glow curves, it was found the Yb 3+ trap makes much deeper electron trap with 1.01 eV depth than the Cr 3+ electron trap with 0.81 eV depth. This deeper Yb 3+ trap provides much slower detrapping rate of filled electron traps than the Cr 3+ -codoped persistent phosphor. In addition, by preparing transparent ceramics and optimizing Ce 3+ and Yb 3+ concentrations, the Y 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :Ce 3+ (0.2%)-Yb 3+ (0.1%) as-made transparent ceramic phosphor showed super long persistent luminescence for over 138.8 hours after ceasing blue light charging.

  9. Low phase noise microwave extraction from femtosecond laser by frequency conversion pair and IF-domain processing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dai, Yitang; Cen, Qizhuang; Wang, Lei; Zhou, Yue; Yin, Feifei; Dai, Jian; Li, Jianqiang; Xu, Kun

    2015-12-14

    Extraction of a microwave component from a low-time-jitter femtosecond pulse train has been attractive for current generation of spectrally pure microwave. In order to avoid the transfer from the optical amplitude noise to microwave phase noise (AM-PM), we propose to down-convert the target component to intermediate frequency (IF) before the opto-electronic conversion. Due to the much lower carrier frequency, the AM-PM is greatly suppressed. The target is then recovered by up-conversion with the same microwave local oscillation (LO). As long as the time delay of the second LO matches that of the IF carrier, the phase noise of the LO shows no impact on the extraction process. The residual noise of the proposed extraction is analyzed in theory, which is also experimentally demonstrated as averagely around -155 dBc/Hz under offset frequency larger than 1 kHz when 10-GHz tone is extracted from a home-made femtosecond fiber laser. Large tunable extraction from 1 GHz to 10 GHz is also reported.

  10. Diode-pumped laser with Yb:YAG single-crystal fiber grown by the micro-pulling down technique

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sangla, D.; Aubry, N.; Didierjean, J.; Perrodin, D.; Balembois, F.; Lebbou, K.; Brenier, A.; Georges, P.; Tillement, O.; Fourmigué, J.-M.

    2009-02-01

    Laser emission obtained from an Yb:YAG single-crystal fiber directly grown by the micro-pulling down technique is demonstrated for the first time. We achieved 11.2 W of continuous wave (CW) output power at 1031 nm for 55 W of incident pump power at 940 nm. In the Q-switched regime, we obtained pulses as short as 17 ns, for an average power of 2.3 W at 2 kHz corresponding to an energy of 1.15 mJ. In both cases, the M 2 factor was 2.5. This single-crystal fiber showed performance similar to a standard rod elaborated by the Czochralski method. The potential of Yb3+-doped single-crystal fibers is presented for scalable high-average and high-peak-power laser systems.

  11. Trigger effect of infrared femtosecond laser irradiation on neoplasm in experimental cervical cancer

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gening, Tatyana; Voronova, Olga; Zolotovskii, Igor; Sysoliatin, Alexey; Dolgova, Dinara; Abakumova, Tatyana

    2013-02-01

    The present work discusses effect of infrared (IR) femtosecond laser irradiation on neoplasm of white mice with experimental cervical cancer- 5 (CC-5 on the 20th and 30th days after tumor transplantation). Tumor tissue was irradiated by femtosecond erbium doped fiber laser: the wavelength is 1.55 μm, average and peak powers are1,25 mW and 6kW, respectively, irradiation trials n=10. The average energy density (energy dose) on a tissue for two groups of animals was 0,24 J/cm2 and 0,36 J/cm2 for a single trial. Irradiation was followed by biochemical determination of LPO AOS parameters ("Lipid peroxidation-antioxidants" system): malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione-reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST). A subsequent morphological study of tumor tissue was performed. Mathematical analysis of data demonstrates a weak dependence of the studied parameters on energy dose. The latter implies the trigger effect of IR femtosecond laser irradiation on redox-dependent processes in neoplasm at experimental cervical cancer.

  12. Coupling of Ag Nanoparticle with Inverse Opal Photonic Crystals as a Novel Strategy for Upconversion Emission Enhancement of NaYF4: Yb(3+), Er(3+) Nanoparticles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shao, Bo; Yang, Zhengwen; Wang, Yida; Li, Jun; Yang, Jianzhi; Qiu, Jianbei; Song, Zhiguo

    2015-11-18

    Rare-earth-ion-doped upconversion (UC) nanoparticles have generated considerable interest because of their potential application in solar cells, biological labeling, therapeutics, and imaging. However, the applications of UC nanoparticles were still limited because of their low emission efficiency. Photonic crystals and noble metal nanoparticles are applied extensively to enhance the UC emission of rare earth ions. In the present work, a novel substrate consisting of inverse opal photonic crystals and Ag nanoparticles was prepared by the template-assisted method, which was used to enhance the UC emission of NaYF4: Yb(3+), Er(3+) nanoparticles. The red or green UC emissions of NaYF4: Yb(3+), Er(3+) nanoparticles were selectively enhanced on the inverse opal substrates because of the Bragg reflection of the photonic band gap. Additionally, the UC emission enhancement of NaYF4: Yb(3+), Er(3+) nanoparticles induced by the coupling of metal nanoparticle plasmons and photonic crystal effects was realized on the Ag nanoparticles included in the inverse opal substrate. The present results demonstrated that coupling of Ag nanoparticle with inverse opal photonic crystals provides a useful strategy to enhance UC emission of rare-earth-ion-doped nanoparticles.

  13. Structural and vibrational study of C-type doped rare earth sesquioxide Yb2-xCoxO3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Farhat, L. Ben; Amami, M.; Hlil, E.K.; Hassen, R. Ben

    2009-01-01

    Polycrystalline samples with general formula Yb 2-x Co x O 3 (0 2 O 3 sesquioxide. The lattice parameters are found to vary linearly with the composition x. The cationic distribution over the two non-equivalent sites 8b and 24d of the space group Ia-3 is found to be preferentially. Replacing Yb 3+ by Co 3+ introduces slight changes in the atomic coordinates leading to an increase of the mean cation-anion distances. The ability of Raman spectroscopy to detect changes in local co-ordination is utilized. A pseudo-tetrahedral coordination for the Co 3+ in the 24d site was found.

  14. Yb3+,Er3+,Eu3+-codoped YVO4 material for bioimaging with dual mode excitation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thao, Chu Thi Bich; Huy, Bui The; Sharipov, Mirkomil; Kim, Jin-Ik.; Dao, Van-Duong; Moon, Ja-Young; Lee, Yong-Ill

    2017-01-01

    We propose an efficient bioimaging strategy using Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ ,Eu 3+ -triplet doped YVO 4 nanoparticles which were synthesized with polymer as a template. The obtained particles possess nanoscale, uniform, and flexible excitation. The effect of Eu 3+ ions on the luminescence properties of YVO 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ ,Eu 3+ was investigated. The upconversion mechanism of the prepared material was also discussed. The structure and optical properties of the prepared material were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) upconversion and photoluminescence spectra. The Commission International de I′Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates was investigated to confirm the performance of color luminescent emission. The prepared YVO 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ ,Eu 3+ nanoparticles could be easily dispersed in water by surface modification with cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH). The aqueous dispersion of the modified YVO 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ ,Eu 3+ exhibits bright upconversion and downconversion luminescence and has been applied for bioimaging of HeLa cells. Our developed material with dual excitation offers a promising advance in bioimaging. - Highlights: • Prepared particles possess nanoscale size, uniform, and larger scale. • The material exhibits strong emission under dual mode excitations. • The surface material has been applied for bioimaging of HeLa cell. • Low cytotoxicity, no auto-fluorescence

  15. Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure, Chemical Stability, and Electrical Properties of Transition Metal or Yb-Doped BaZr{sub 0.1}Ce{sub 0.7}Y{sub 0.1}M{sub 0.1}O{sub 3−δ} (M = Fe, Ni, Co, and Yb)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mirfakhraei, Behzad; Ramezanipour, Farshid; Paulson, Scott; Birss, Viola; Thangadurai, Venkataraman, E-mail: vthangad@ucalgary.ca [Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB (Canada)

    2014-03-13

    Perovskite-type BaZr{sub 0.1}Ce{sub 0.7}Y{sub 0.1}M{sub 0.1}O{sub 3−δ} (M = Fe, Ni, Co, and Yb) (BZCY-M) oxides were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method at 1350–1550°C in air in order to investigate the effect of dopants on sintering, crystal structure, chemical stability under CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2}S, and electrical transport properties. The formation of the single-phase perovskite-type structure with an orthorhombic space group Imam was confirmed by Rietveld refinement using powder X-ray diffraction for the Fe, Co, Ni, and Yb-doped samples. The BZCY-Co and BZCY-Ni oxides show a total electrical conductivity of 0.01 and 8 × 10{sup −3} S cm{sup −1} at 600°C in wet H{sub 2} with an activation energy of 0.36 and 0.41 eV, respectively. Scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis revealed Ba and Co-rich secondary phase at the grain-boundaries, which may explain the enhancement in the total conductivity of the BZCY-Co. However, ex-solution of Ni at higher sintering temperatures, especially at 1550°C, decreases the total conductivity of the BZCY-Ni material. The Co and Ni dopants act as a sintering aid and form dense pellets at a lower sintering temperature of 1250°C. The Fe, Co, and Ni-doped BZCY-M samples synthesized at 1350°C show stability in 30 ppm H{sub 2}S/H{sub 2} at 800°C, and increasing the firing temperature to 1550°C, enhanced the chemical stability in CO{sub 2}/N{sub 2} (1:2) at 25–900°C. The BZCY-Co and BZCY-Ni compounds with high conductivity in wet H{sub 2} could be considered as possible anodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells.

  16. Rare-earth-ion-doped ultra-narrow-linewidth lasers on a silicon chip and applications to intra-laser-cavity optical sensing

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bernhardi, Edward; de Ridder, R.M.; Worhoff, Kerstin; Pollnau, Markus

    We report on diode-pumped distributed-feedback (DFB) and distributed-Bragg-reflector (DBR) channel waveguide lasers in Er-doped and Yb-doped Al2O3 on standard thermally oxidized silicon substrates. Uniform surface-relief Bragg gratings were patterned by laser-interference lithography and etched into

  17. Thermo-optical effects in high-power Ytterbium-doped fiber amplifiers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Kristian Rymann; Alkeskjold, Thomas Tanggaard; Broeng, Jes

    2011-01-01

    We investigate the effect of temperature gradients in high-power Yb-doped fiber amplifiers by a numerical beam propagation model, which takes thermal effects into account in a self-consistent way. The thermally induced change in the refractive index of the fiber leads to a thermal lensing effect...

  18. Functional conservation of rice OsNF-YB/YC and Arabidopsis AtNF-YB/YC proteins in the regulation of flowering time

    KAUST Repository

    Hwang, Yoon-Hyung; Kim, SoonKap; Lee, Keh Chien; Chung, Young Soo; Lee, Jeong Hwan; Kim, Jeong-Kook

    2016-01-01

    Plant NUCLEAR FACTOR Y (NF-Y) transcription factors play important roles in plant development and abiotic stress. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two NF-YB (AtNF-YB2 and AtNF-YB3) and five NF-YC (AtNF-YC1, AtNF-YC2, AtNF-YC3, AtNF-YC4, and AtNF-YC9) genes regulate photoperiodic flowering by interacting with other AtNF-Y subunit proteins. Three rice NF-YB (OsNF-YB8, OsNF-YB10, and OsNF-YB11) and five rice OsNF-YC (OsNF-YC1, OsNF-YC2, OsNF-YC4, OsNF-YC6, and OsNF-YC7) genes are clustered with two AtNF-YB and five AtNF-YC genes, respectively. To investigate the functional conservation of these NF-YB and NF-YC genes in rice and Arabidopsis, we analyzed the flowering phenotypes of transgenic plants overexpressing the respective OsNF-YB and OsNF-YC genes in Arabidopsis mutants. Overexpression of OsNF-YB8/10/11 and OsNF-YC2 complemented the late flowering phenotype of Arabidopsis nf-yb2 nf-yb3 and nf-yc3 nf-yc4 nf-yc9 mutants, respectively. The rescued phenotype of 35S::OsNF-YC2 nf-yc3 nf-yc4 nf-yc9 plants was attributed to the upregulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1). In vitro and in planta protein–protein analyses revealed that OsNF-YB8/10/11 and OsNF-YC1/2/4/6/7 interact with AtNF-YC3/4/9 and AtNF-YB2/3, respectively. Our data indicate that some OsNF-YB and OsNF-YC genes are functional equivalents of AtNF-YB2/3 and AtNF-YC3/4/9 genes, respectively, and suggest functional conservation of Arabidopsis and rice NF-Y genes in the control of flowering time.

  19. Functional conservation of rice OsNF-YB/YC and Arabidopsis AtNF-YB/YC proteins in the regulation of flowering time

    KAUST Repository

    Hwang, Yoon-Hyung

    2016-01-11

    Plant NUCLEAR FACTOR Y (NF-Y) transcription factors play important roles in plant development and abiotic stress. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two NF-YB (AtNF-YB2 and AtNF-YB3) and five NF-YC (AtNF-YC1, AtNF-YC2, AtNF-YC3, AtNF-YC4, and AtNF-YC9) genes regulate photoperiodic flowering by interacting with other AtNF-Y subunit proteins. Three rice NF-YB (OsNF-YB8, OsNF-YB10, and OsNF-YB11) and five rice OsNF-YC (OsNF-YC1, OsNF-YC2, OsNF-YC4, OsNF-YC6, and OsNF-YC7) genes are clustered with two AtNF-YB and five AtNF-YC genes, respectively. To investigate the functional conservation of these NF-YB and NF-YC genes in rice and Arabidopsis, we analyzed the flowering phenotypes of transgenic plants overexpressing the respective OsNF-YB and OsNF-YC genes in Arabidopsis mutants. Overexpression of OsNF-YB8/10/11 and OsNF-YC2 complemented the late flowering phenotype of Arabidopsis nf-yb2 nf-yb3 and nf-yc3 nf-yc4 nf-yc9 mutants, respectively. The rescued phenotype of 35S::OsNF-YC2 nf-yc3 nf-yc4 nf-yc9 plants was attributed to the upregulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1). In vitro and in planta protein–protein analyses revealed that OsNF-YB8/10/11 and OsNF-YC1/2/4/6/7 interact with AtNF-YC3/4/9 and AtNF-YB2/3, respectively. Our data indicate that some OsNF-YB and OsNF-YC genes are functional equivalents of AtNF-YB2/3 and AtNF-YC3/4/9 genes, respectively, and suggest functional conservation of Arabidopsis and rice NF-Y genes in the control of flowering time.

  20. Lanthanide-doped luminescent ionogels

    OpenAIRE

    Lunstroot, Kyra; Driesen, Kris; Nockemann, Peter; Van Hecke, Kristof; Van Meervelt, Luc; Görller-Walrand, Christiane; Binnemans, Koen; Bellayer, Séverine; Viau, Lydie; Le Bideau, Jean; Vioux, André

    2009-01-01

    Ionogels are solid oxide host networks confining at a meso-scale ionic liquids, and retaining their liquid nature. Ionogels were obtained by dissolving anthanide(III) complexes in the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C6mim][Tf2N], followed by confinement of the lanthanide-doped ionic liquid mixtures in the pores of a nano-porous silica network. [C6mim][Ln(tta)4], where tta is 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate and Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Ho, Er, Yb, and [choli...

  1. Yb5Ni4Sn10 and Yb7Ni4Sn13: New polar intermetallics with 3D framework structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lei Xiaowu; Sun Zhongming; Li Longhua; Zhong Guohua; Hu Chunli; Mao Jianggao

    2010-01-01

    The title compounds have been obtained by solid state reactions of the corresponding pure elements at high temperature, and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Yb 5 Ni 4 Sn 10 adopts the Sc 5 Co 4 Si 10 structure type and crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/mbm (No. 127) with cell parameters of a=13.785(4) A, c=4.492 (2) A, V=853.7(5) A 3 , and Z=2. Yb 7 Ni 4 Sn 13 is isostructural with Yb 7 Co 4 InGe 12 and crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/m (No. 83) with cell parameters of a=11.1429(6) A, c=4.5318(4) A, V=562.69(7) A 3 , and Z=1. Both structures feature three-dimensional (3D) frameworks based on three different types of one-dimensional (1D) channels, which are occupied by the Yb atoms. Electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) indicate that both compounds are metallic. These results are in agreement with those from temperature-dependent resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. - Graphical abstract: Two new ytterbium nickel stannides, namely, Yb 5 Ni 4 Sn 10 and Yb 7 Ni 4 Sn 13 , have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Both their structures feature three-dimensional (3D) frameworks based on three different types of one-dimensional (1D) channels, which are situated by all the Yb atoms. Electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) indicate that both compounds are metallic, which are in accordance with the results from temperature-dependent resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements.

  2. Fabrication and Characterization of Linear and Nonlinear Photonic Devices in Fused Silica by Femtosecond Laser Writing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ng, Jason Clement

    Femtosecond laser processing is a flexible, three-dimensional (3D) fabrication technique used to make integrated low-loss photonic devices in fused silica. My work expanded the suite of available optical devices through the design and optimization of linear optical components such as low-loss (70-nm spectral window. My work further complemented femtosecond laser processing with the development of nonlinear device capabilities. While thermal poling is a well known process, significant challenges had restricted the development of nonlinear devices in fused silica. The laser writing process would erase the induced nonlinearity (erasing) while a written waveguide core acted as a barrier to the thermal poling process (blocking). Using second harmonic (SH) microscopy, the effectiveness of thermal poling on laser-written waveguides was systematically analyzed leading to the technique of "double poling", which effectively overcomes the two challenges of erasing and blocking. In this new process the substrate is poled before and after waveguide writing to restore the induced nonlinearity within the vicinity of the waveguide to enable effective poling for inducing a second-order nonlinearity (SON) in fused silica. A new flexible, femtosecond laser based erasure process was also developed to enable quasi-phase matching and to form arbitrarily chirped gratings. Following this result, second harmonic generation (SHG) in a quasiphase-matched (QPM) femtosecond laser written waveguide device was demonstrated. SHG in a chirped QPM structure was also demonstrated to illustrate the flexibility of the femtosecond laser writing technique. These are the first demonstration of frequency doubling in an all-femtosecond-laser-written structure. A maximum SHG conversion efficiency of 1.3 +/- 0.1x10 -11/W-cm-2 was achieved for the fundamental wavelength of 1552.8 nm with a phase-matching bandwidth of 4.4 nm for a 10.0-mm-long waveguide. For a shorter sample, an effective SON of chi(2) = 0

  3. Yb{sup 3+}:Sr{sub 5}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3}F: Crystal growth, spectroscopic characterization and laser development; Yb{sup 3+}:Sr{sub 5}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3}F: Crescimento, caracterizacao espectroscopica e desenvolvimento do laser

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bustamante, Andrea Nora Pino

    1999-07-01

    Crystal growth, spectroscopic characterization and laser development of Yb{sup 3+}:SVAP [Sr{sub 5}(VO{sub 4}){sub 3}F] was performed to demonstrate for the first time, operation of tunable laser emission centered at 1120 nm. Initially, SVAP crystals were grown with high dopant concentrations, up to 6.0 mol % of Yb{sub 2} O{sub 3} in the melt, in order to investigate the material for potential laser operation at a new laser wavelength. Additional research was performed to alleviate highly doped SVAP crystals of defects previously observed. Basic spectroscopic characterization including absorption and luminescent properties were measured to better understand the behavior of Yb{sup 3+} ions in SVAP. Based upon these studies, discussion of the 1120 nm laser transition is presented as it arises from a ground state vibrational level. Investigations of the charge compensation process and the optical parameters as a function of dopant concentration are also presented. The laser development of Yb{sup 3+}:SVAP included continuous and pulsed modes of operation of the 1044 nm and 1120 nm transitions. Initial laser action of the 1044 nm transition was achieved using a Yi: Saphire laser pump source in order to compare with previously results. Further development of a diode-pumped Yb{sup 3+}:SVAP laser system demonstrated continuously tunable laser operation from 1103 nm for the first time. The laser investigations also proved that this high gain media does provide continuous wave laser action at 1044 nm and 1120 simultaneously without significant gain depletion. (author)

  4. Structural features of silver-doped phosphate glasses in zone of femtosecond laser-induced modification

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Vasileva, A.A., E-mail: anvsilv@gmail.com [Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg (Russian Federation); Nazarov, I.A. [Saint-Petersburg State University, Department of Physics, Saint-Petersburg (Russian Federation); Olshin, P.K.; Povolotskiy, A.V. [Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg (Russian Federation); Sokolov, I.A. [St.Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St.Petersburg (Russian Federation); LTD “AtomTjazhMash”, St.Petersburg (Russian Federation); Manshina, A.A. [Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg (Russian Federation)

    2015-10-15

    Femtosecond (fs) laser writing of two-dimensional microstructures (waveguides) is demonstrated in bulk phosphate glasses doped with silver ions. Silver-content phosphate and silver-content niobium–phosphate glasses with high concentration of silver oxide 55 mol% were used as samples for fs laser writing. The chemical network structure of the synthesized samples is analyzed through Raman spectroscopy and was found to be strongly sensitive to Nb incorporation. It was found that the direct laser writing process enables not only reorganization of glass network, but also formation of color centers and silver nanoparticles that are revealed in appearance of luminescence signal and plasmon absorption. The process of NPs' formation is more efficient for Nb-phosphate glass, while color centers are preferably formed in phosphate glass. - Graphical abstract: Formation of silver NPs on the surface of 0.5Ag{sub 2}O–0.4P{sub 2}O{sub 5}–0,1Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} glass induced by CW laser irradiation. - Highlights: • The structure of 0.5Ag{sub 2}O–0.1Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5}–0.4P{sub 2}O{sub 5} and 0.55Ag{sub 2}O–0.45P{sub 2}O{sub 5} glasses was investigated by Raman spectroscopy. • Fs laser writing induces formation of silver NPs in investigated glasses. • Surface plasmon resonance in the absorption spectra confirms the formation of NP. • The possibility of CW laser induced formation of silver NPs on the surface of sample with niobium is shown.

  5. Indoor PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations in primary schools in Sari, Iran.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohammadyan, Mahmoud; Shabankhani, Bijan

    2013-09-01

    This study was carried out to determine the distribution of particles in classrooms in primary schools located in the centre of the city of Sari, Iran and identify the relationship between indoor classroom particle levels and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations. Outdoor PM2.5 and indoor PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 were monitored using a real-time Micro Dust Pro monitor and a GRIMM monitor, respectively. Both monitors were calibrated by gravimetric method using filters. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that all indoor and outdoor data fitted normal distribution. Mean indoor PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations for all of the classrooms were 17.6 μg m(-3), 46.6 μg m(-3), 400.9 μg m(-3), and 36.9 μg m(-3), respectively. The highest levels of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were measured at the Shahed Boys School (69.1 μg m(-3) and 115.8 μg m(-3), respectively). The Kazemi school had the lowest levels of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 (29.1 μg m(-3) and 15.5 μg m(-3), respectively). In schools located near both main and small roads, the association between indoor fine particle (PM2.5 and PM1) and outdoor PM2.5 levels was stronger than that between indoor PM10 and outdoor PM2.5 levels. Mean indoor PM2.5 and PM10 and outdoor PM2.5 were higher than the standards for PM2.5 and PM10, and there was a good correlation between indoor and outdoor fine particle concentrations.

  6. Optical properties of highly crystalline Y2O3:Er,Yb nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in water

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nunokawa, Takashi; Odawara, Osamu; Wada, Hiroyuki

    2014-01-01

    Y 2 O 3 :Er,Yb nanoparticles were prepared by laser ablation in water. We investigated crystallinity, distribution of dopant, and optical properties of the prepared nanoparticles. The full-width half-maximum (FWHD) of the crystalline peak of nanoparticles measured by an x-ray diffractometer (XRD) barely changed. Further, using scanning transmission electron microscopy–energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (STEM–EDX), we confirmed the peaks of Y, Er, Yb, and O. Moreover, on the basis of the optical properties of the nanoparticles, the emission of red ( 2 F 9/2  →  4 I 15/2 ) and green ( 2 H 11/2 , 4 S 3/2  →  4 I 15/2 ) was confirmed. We also investigated the emission intensity as a function of the excitation power of 980 nm LD in the prepared nanoparticles. The photon avalanche effect was observed at the excitation power of 100 mW. These results confirmed that uniformly Er-Yb-doped Y 2 O 3 nanoparticles were successfully prepared by laser ablation in water. (paper)

  7. Quantum sized Ag nanocluster assisted fluorescence enhancement in Tm{sup 3+}-Yb{sup 3+} doped optical fiber beyond plasmonics

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chattopadhyay, Rik; Haldar, Arindam; Paul, Mukul C.; Das, Shyamal; Bhadra, Shyamal K., E-mail: skbhadra@cgcri.res.in [Fiber Optics and Photonics Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032 (India)

    2015-12-07

    We report a process for enhancing fluorescence emission from conventional rare earth ions in optical fiber by metal nanocluster (MNC) in nonresonant indirect pumping. The process is completely different from formal metal enhanced fluorescence phenomenon as the MNCs are too small in size to support localized surface plasmon and the excitation wavelength is far from plasmon resonance frequency. We used an established theory of two coupled oscillators to explain the simultaneous enhancement of Ytterbium (Yb{sup 3+}) and Thulium (Tm{sup 3+}) emission by silver (Ag) NCs under nonresonant pumping in optical fiber. The fiber is pumped with a 980 nm fiber pigtailed laser diode with input power of 20–100 mW to excite the Yb{sup 3+}. Four times enhancement of Yb{sup 3+} emission of 900–1100 nm and Tm{sup 3+} upconversion emission around 474 nm, 650 nm, and 790 nm is observed in the fiber with Ag NCs.

  8. Femtosecond lasers for microsurgery of cornea

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vartapetov, Sergei K; Khudyakov, D V; Lapshin, Konstantin E; Obidin, Aleksei Z; Shcherbakov, Ivan A

    2012-01-01

    The review of femtosecond laser installations for medical applications is given and a new femtosecond ophthalmologic system for creation of a flap of corneal tissue during the LASIK operation is described. An all-fibre femtosecond laser emitting ∼400-fs pulses at 1067 nm is used. The pulse repetition rate can vary from 200 kHz up to 1 MHz. The output energy of the femtosecond system does not exceed 1 μJ. A specially developed objective with small spherical and chromatic aberrations is applied to focus laser radiation to an area of an eye cornea. The size of the focusing spot does not exceed 3 μm. To process the required area, scanning by a laser beam is applied with a speed no less than 5 m s -1 . At a stage of preliminary tests of the system, the Κ8 glass, organic PMMA glass and specially prepared agarose gels are used as a phantom of an eye. The femtosecond system is successfully clinically tested on a plenty of eyes of a pig and on several human eyes. The duration of the procedure of creation of a corneal flap does not exceed 20 s.

  9. Femtosecond lasers for microsurgery of cornea

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Vartapetov, Sergei K; Khudyakov, D V; Lapshin, Konstantin E; Obidin, Aleksei Z; Shcherbakov, Ivan A

    2012-03-31

    The review of femtosecond laser installations for medical applications is given and a new femtosecond ophthalmologic system for creation of a flap of corneal tissue during the LASIK operation is described. An all-fibre femtosecond laser emitting {approx}400-fs pulses at 1067 nm is used. The pulse repetition rate can vary from 200 kHz up to 1 MHz. The output energy of the femtosecond system does not exceed 1 {mu}J. A specially developed objective with small spherical and chromatic aberrations is applied to focus laser radiation to an area of an eye cornea. The size of the focusing spot does not exceed 3 {mu}m. To process the required area, scanning by a laser beam is applied with a speed no less than 5 m s{sup -1}. At a stage of preliminary tests of the system, the {Kappa}8 glass, organic PMMA glass and specially prepared agarose gels are used as a phantom of an eye. The femtosecond system is successfully clinically tested on a plenty of eyes of a pig and on several human eyes. The duration of the procedure of creation of a corneal flap does not exceed 20 s.

  10. Fabrication and evaluation of chitosan/NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+ upconversion nanoparticles composite beads based on the gelling of Pickering emulsion droplets

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yan, Huiqiong; Chen, Xiuqiong; Shi, Jia; Shi, Zaifeng; Sun, Wei; Lin, Qiang; Wang, Xianghui; Dai, Zihao

    2017-01-01

    The rare earth ion doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) synthesized by hydrophobic organic ligands possess poor solubility and low fluorescence quantum yield in aqueous media. To conquer this issue, NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, were coated with F127 and then assembled with chitosan to fabricate the chitosan/NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ composite beads (CS/NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ CBs) by Pickering emulsion system. The characterization results revealed that the as-synthesized NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs with an average size of 20 nm exhibited spherical morphology, high crystallinity and characteristic emission upconversion fluorescence with an overall blue color output. The NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs were successfully conjugated on the surface of chitosan beads by the gelling of emulsion droplets. The resultant CS/NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ CBs showed good upconversion luminescent property, drug-loading capacity, release performance and excellent biocompatibility, exhibiting great potentials in targeted drug delivery and tissue engineering with potential tracking capability and lasting release performance. - Highlights: • NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs were coated by F127 to improve aqueous dispersibility. • NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Tm 3+ UCNPs were assembled with chitosan to fabricate the composite beads (CMs). • Pickering emulsions stabilized by UCNPs exhibited uniform and satisfactory emulsion droplets. • The CMs prepared by the gelling of emulsion droplet preserved upconversion luminescent property. • The resultant CMs showed good drug-loading capacity, release performance and biocompatibility.

  11. Diode-pumped mode-locked femtosecond Tm:CLNGG disordered crystal laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ma, J; Xie, G Q; Gao, W L; Yuan, P; Qian, L J; Yu, H H; Zhang, H J; Wang, J Y

    2012-04-15

    A diode-end-pumped passively mode-locked femtosecond Tm-doped calcium lithium niobium gallium garnet (Tm:CLNGG) disordered crystal laser was demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge. With a 790 nm laser diode pumping, stable CW mode-locking operation was obtained by using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. The disordered crystal laser generated mode-locked pulses as short as 479 fs, with an average output power of 288 mW, and repetition rate of 99 MHz in 2 μm spectral region. © 2012 Optical Society of America

  12. High efficiency, monolithic fiber chirped pulse amplification system for high energy femtosecond pulse generation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peng, Xiang; Kim, Kyungbum; Mielke, Michael; Jennings, Stephen; Masor, Gordon; Stohl, Dave; Chavez-Pirson, Arturo; Nguyen, Dan T; Rhonehouse, Dan; Zong, Jie; Churin, Dmitriy; Peyghambarian, N

    2013-10-21

    A novel monolithic fiber-optic chirped pulse amplification (CPA) system for high energy, femtosecond pulse generation is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By employing a high gain amplifier comprising merely 20 cm of high efficiency media (HEM) gain fiber, an optimal balance of output pulse energy, optical efficiency, and B-integral is achieved. The HEM amplifier is fabricated from erbium-doped phosphate glass fiber and yields gain of 1.443 dB/cm with slope efficiency >45%. We experimentally demonstrate near diffraction-limited beam quality and near transform-limited femtosecond pulse quality at 1.55 µm wavelength. With pulse energy >100 µJ and pulse duration of 636 fs (FWHM), the peak power is estimated to be ~160 MW. NAVAIR Public Release Distribution Statement A-"Approved for Public release; distribution is unlimited".

  13. Structure-property relations in new fluorophosphate glasses singly- and co-doped with Er{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gonçalves, Tássia S.; Moreira Silva, Raphaell J.; Oliveira Junior, Marcos de; Ferrari, Cynthia R. [Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 (Brazil); Poirier, Gäel Y. [Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Alfenas, Poços de Caldas, MG 37715-400 (Brazil); Eckert, Hellmut, E-mail: eckert@ifsc.usp.br [Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 (Brazil); Physical Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms Universität Münster, Münster D-48149 (Germany); Camargo, Andrea S.S. de, E-mail: andreasc@ifsc.usp.br [Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 (Brazil)

    2015-05-01

    Rare earth (RE{sup 3+})-doped fluorophosphate glasses are among the most promising candidates for high-efficiency laser generation in the near-infrared spectral region. By proper choice of composition, these materials can combine the advantages of fluorides (low phonon energies, low refractive indices, extensive optical window, low hygroscopicity) and of oxides (high chemical and mechanical stability and high dopant solubility), resulting in enhancement of the RE{sup 3+} emissive properties. In this work, we present the synthesis and structural/spectroscopic investigation of new glasses with composition 25BaF{sub 2}25SrF{sub 2}(30-x)Al(PO{sub 3}){sub 3}xAlF{sub 3}(20-z)YF{sub 3}:zREF{sub 3}, where x = 20 or 15, RE = Er{sup 3+} and/or Yb{sup 3+}, z = 0.25–5.0 mol%. Results indicate considerable improvement of the emissive properties of both ions when compared to phosphate or even other fluorophosphate host compositions. Long excited state lifetimes (τ = 10 ms for the Er{sup 3+} level {sup 4}I{sub 13/2}, and τ = 1.3 ms for the Yb{sup 3+} level {sup 2}F{sub 5/2}) imply high fluorescence quantum efficiencies η (up to 85% for both ions). Structural characterization by Raman and multinuclear solid state NMR spectroscopies indicate that the metaphosphate-type chain structure of the Al(PO{sub 3}){sub 3} vitreous framework is partially depolymerized and dominated by Q{sup (0)} and Q{sup (1)} units crosslinked by six-coordinate Al species. As revealed by {sup 27}Al{"3"1P} rotational echo double resonance (REDOR) NMR results the average local aluminum environment of the x = 20 sample comprises 1.6 phosphate and 4.4 fluoride species. These results indicate a clear bonding preference between aluminum and phosphorus, which is consistent with the desired dominance of fluoride species in the local environment of the rare earth and alkaline earth atoms in these glasses. - Highlights: • New fluorophosphate glass composition with excellent photophysical properties.

  14. Tm-Yb Doped Optical Fiber Performance with Variation of Host-Glass Composition

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anirban Dhar

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The fabrication process of Thulium-Ytterbium doped optical fiber comprising different host glass through the Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD coupled with solution doping technique is presented. The material and optical performance of different fibers are compared with special emphasis on their lasing efficiency for 2 µm application.

  15. Energy transfer and infrared-to-visible upconversion luminescence of Er3+/Yb3+-codoped halide modified tellurite glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, Q.Y.; Feng, Z.M.; Yang, Z.M.; Jiang, Z.H.

    2006-01-01

    We report on the energy transfer and frequency upconversion spectroscopic properties of Er 3+ -doped and Er 3+ /Yb 3+ -codoped TeO 2 -ZnO-Na 2 O-PbCl 2 halide modified tellurite glasses upon excitation with 808 and 978 nm laser diode. Three intense emissions centered at around 529, 546 and 657 nm, alongwith a very weak blue emission at 410 nm have clearly been observed for the Er 3+ /Yb 3+ -codoped halide modified tellurite glasses upon excitation at 978 nm and the involved mechanisms are explained. The quadratic dependence of fluorescence on excitation laser power confirms the fact that the two-photon contribute to the infrared to green-red upconversion emissions. And the blue upconversion at 410 nm involved a sequential three-photon absorption process

  16. Genome-wide analysis of the human Alu Yb-lineage

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carter Anthony B

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract The Alu Yb-lineage is a 'young' primarily human-specific group of short interspersed element (SINE subfamilies that have integrated throughout the human genome. In this study, we have computationally screened the draft sequence of the human genome for Alu Yb-lineage subfamily members present on autosomal chromosomes. A total of 1,733 Yb Alu subfamily members have integrated into human autosomes. The average ages of Yb-lineage subfamilies, Yb7, Yb8 and Yb9, are estimated as 4.81, 2.39 and 2.32 million years, respectively. In order to determine the contribution of the Alu Yb-lineage to human genomic diversity, 1,202 loci were analysed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR-based assays, which amplify the genomic regions containing individual Yb-lineage subfamily members. Approximately 20 per cent of the Yb-lineage Alu elements are polymorphic for insertion presence/absence in the human genome. Fewer than 0.5 per cent of the Yb loci also demonstrate insertions at orthologous positions in non-human primate genomes. Genomic sequencing of these unusual loci demonstrates that each of the orthologous loci from non-human primate genomes contains older Y, Sg and Sx Alu family members that have been altered, through various mechanisms, into Yb8 sequences. These data suggest that Alu Yb-lineage subfamily members are largely restricted to the human genome. The high copy number, level of insertion polymorphism and estimated age indicate that members of the Alu Yb elements will be useful in a wide range of genetic analyses.

  17. Are there non-statistical effects in /sup 173/Yb(n,gamma)/sup 174/Yb?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pospisil, S.; Becvar, F.; Chrien, R.E.; Kopecky, J.

    1987-01-01

    The resonance-averaged capture of neutrons in 173 Yb has been studied at energy of 2 keV. With a statistical significance of 99.5% an enhancement of E1-transition to the neutron 2QP levels in 174 Yb is observed. 8 refs

  18. Downshifting by energy transfer in Eu{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} codoped Ba{sub 4}La{sub 6}(SiO{sub 4}){sub 6}O glass ceramics

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zhang, W.J., E-mail: wjzhang03@163.com [School of Material Science and Engineering and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022 (China); State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641 (China); Li, X.B.; Wu, L.J.; Yu, Y.Y.; Wang, X.Z.; Liu, S.Q.; Wang, Z. [School of Material Science and Engineering and Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022 (China); Wang, W.C.; Liu, Y. [State Key Lab of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641 (China)

    2017-03-01

    We report on an efficient near-infrared downshifting in Eu{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} codoped glass ceramics containing Ba{sub 4}La{sub 6}(SiO{sub 4}){sub 6}O crystals. The structural and luminescence properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), static and dynamic photoemission and excitation spectroscopy. After crystallization, the doping ions are found to be selectively incorporated into the precipitated oxyapatite crystals on La{sup 3+} sites, contributing to the remarkably enhanced visible emission of Eu{sup 3+} under 394 nm excitation. The Eu{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} codoped glass ceramics additionally exhibits efficient near-infrared luminescence of Yb{sup 3+} around 1000 nm upon photon excitation of Eu{sup 3+} within the 300–550 nm range. The reduced visible emission and decay time of {sup 5}D{sub 0} state with Yb{sup 3+} codoping further confirm the energy transfer from Eu{sup 3+} to Yb{sup 3+}, which is promoted due to the shortened distance between Eu{sup 3+} and Yb{sup 3+} within crystals. The maximum energy transfer efficiency is evaluated to be 61%. It is revealed that energy transfer process occurs predominantly through the cross relaxation of Eu{sup 3+}({sup 5}D{sub 0}) + Yb{sup 3+}({sup 2}F{sub 7/2}) → Eu{sup 3+}({sup 7}F{sub 6}) + Yb{sup 3+}({sup 7}F{sub 5/2}).

  19. Preparation, Biological Evaluation and Dosimetry Studies of 175Yb-Bis-Phosphonates for Palliative Treatment of Bone Pain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ashraf Fakhari

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Objective: Optimized production and quality control of ytterbium-175 (Yb-175 labeled pamidronate and alendronate complexes as efficient agents for bone pain palliation has been presented. Methods: Yb-175 labeled pamidronate and alendronate (175Yb-PMD and 175Yb-ALN complexes were prepared successfully at optimized conditions with acceptable radiochemical purity, stability and significant hydroxyapatite absorption. The biodistribution of complexes were evaluated up to 48 h, which demonstrated significant bone uptake ratios for 175Yb-PAM at all-time intervals. It was also detected that 175Yb-PAM mostly washed out and excreted through the kidneys. Results: The performance of 175Yb-PAM in an animal model was better or comparable to other 175Yb-bone seeking complexes previously reported. Conclusion: Based on calculations, the total body dose for 175Yb-ALN is 40% higher as compared to 175Yb-PAM (especially kidneys indicating that 175Yb-PAM is probably a safer agent than 175Yb-ALN.

  20. Cryogenic Yb: YAG Thin-Disk Laser

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-09-09

    as a 4- level laser. Its absorption and emission cross-sections increase, and its thermal conductivity improves. Yb:YAG thin disk laser performance...Air Force Base, NM USA 87117 4RINI Technologies, 582 South Econ Circle, Oviedo, FL USA 32765 Keywords: Laser materials; Lasers, ytterbium...temperatures, Yb:YAG behaves as a 4- level laser. Its absorption and emission cross-sections increase, and its thermal conductivity improves. Yb:YAG

  1. Analysis of Parent/Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Particulate Matter 2.5 Based on Femtosecond Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Itouyama, Noboru; Matsui, Taiki; Yamamoto, Shigekazu; Imasaka, Tomoko; Imasaka, Totaro

    2016-02-01

    Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), collected from ambient air in Fukuoka City, was analyzed by gas chromatography combined with multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry using an ultraviolet femtosecond laser (267 nm) as the ionization source. Numerous parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs) were observed in a sample extracted from PM2.5, and their concentrations were determined to be in the range from 30 to 190 pg/m(3) for heavy PPAHs. Standard samples of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) were examined, and the limits of detection were determined to be in the picogram range. The concentration of NPAH adsorbed on PM2.5 in the air was less than 900-1300 pg/m(3). Graphical Abstract ᅟ.

  2. Cryogenic Yb:YAG laser pumped by VBG-stabilized narrowband laser diode at 969 nm

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Jambunathan, Venkatesan; Horáčková, Lucie; Navrátil, Petr; Lucianetti, Antonio; Mocek, Tomáš

    2016-01-01

    Roč. 128, č. 12 (2016), s. 1328-1331 ISSN 1041-1135 R&D Projects: GA MŠk EE2.3.20.0143; GA ČR GA14-01660S Grant - others:HILASE(XE) CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0027; HILASE(XE) CZ.1.05/2.1.00/01.0027; OP VK 6(XE) CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0143 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : Diode-pumped * cryogenic * volume Bragg grating * Yb doped * solid state lasers Subject RIV: BH - Optics, Masers, Lasers Impact factor: 2.375, year: 2016

  3. Yb:YAG Lasers for Space Based Remote Sensing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ewing, J.J.; Fan, T. Y.

    1998-01-01

    Diode pumped solid state lasers will play a prominent role in future remote sensing missions because of their intrinsic high efficiency and low mass. Applications including altimetry, cloud and aerosol measurement, wind velocity measurement by both coherent and incoherent methods, and species measurements, with appropriate frequency converters, all will benefit from a diode pumped primary laser. To date the "gold standard" diode pumped Nd laser has been the laser of choice for most of these concepts. This paper discusses an alternate 1 micron laser, the YB:YAG laser, and its potential relevance for lidar applications. Conceptual design analysis and, to the extent possible at the time of the conference, preliminary experimental data on the performance of a bread board YB:YAG oscillator will be presented. The paper centers on application of YB:YAG for altimetry, but extension to other applications will be discussed.

  4. Tomographic measurement of femtosecond-laser induced stress changes in optical fibers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Duerr, F.; Limberger, H.G.; Salathe, R.P.; Hindle, F.; Douay, M.; Fertein, E.; Przygodzki, C.

    2004-01-01

    The tomographic measurement of the residual stress profile in femtosecond-laser irradiated standard SMF-28 germanium-doped telecommunication fiber is demonstrated. The fiber is irradiated with weakly focused pulses to realize long-period fiber gratings. In the irradiated grating regions, an asymmetrical increase in axial core stress up to 6.2 kg/mm2 is found. The increase in stress is attributed to a densification of the irradiated glass matrix. The stress-induced anisotropic index distribution is calculated and related to the absolute index change in the irradiated regions

  5. Tuning from green to red the upconversion emission of Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Er{sup 3+}-Yb{sup 3+} nanophosphors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Diaz-Torres, L.A. [Centro de Investigaciones en Optica, Grupo de Espectroscopia de Materiales Avanzados y Nanoestructurados (GEMANA), A. P. 1-948, Leon, GTO (Mexico); Salas, P.; Resendiz-L, E.; Rodriguez-Gonzalez, C. [Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Apartado Postal 1-1010, Queretaro, QRO (Mexico); Oliva, J. [Conacyt-Facultad Ciencias Quimicas Universidad Autonoma de Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila (Mexico); Meza, O. [Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Instituto de Fisica, A.P. J-48, Centro Historico, PUE (Mexico)

    2017-01-15

    In this work, the structural, morphological and luminescent properties of Y{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanophosphors doped with Er{sup 3+} (1 mol%) and different Yb{sup 3+} concentrations (2-12 mol%) have been studied. Those nanophosphors were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method. XRD analysis indicates that all the samples presented a pure cubic phase even for Yb concentrations as high as 12 mol%. In addition, SEM images show nanoparticles with quasi-spherical shapes with average sizes in the range of 300-340 nm. Photoluminescence measurements obtained after excitation at 967 nm revealed that our samples have strong green (563 nm) and red emissions (660 nm) corresponding to {sup 2}H{sub 11/2} + {sup 4}S{sub 3/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2} and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2} → {sup 4}I{sub 15/2} transitions of Er{sup 3+} ions, respectively. We also observed that the green band is quenched and the red emission enhanced as the Yb concentration increases. In consequence, the CIE coordinates changed from (0.35, 0.64) in the green region to (0.59, 0.39) in the red region. Thus, the tuning properties of Y{sub 2}O{sub 3} nanophosphors suggest that they are good candidates for applications in lighting. (orig.)

  6. Upconversion luminescence and blackbody radiation in tetragonal YSZ co-doped with Tm(3+) and Yb(3+).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Soares, M R N; Ferro, M; Costa, F M; Monteiro, T

    2015-12-21

    Lanthanide doped inorganic nanoparticles with upconversion luminescence are of utmost importance for biomedical applications, solid state lighting and photovoltaics. In this work we studied the downshifted luminescence, upconversion luminescence (UCL) and blackbody radiation of tetragonal yttrium stabilized zirconia co-doped with Tm(3+) and Yb(3+) single crystals and nanoparticles produced by laser floating zone and laser ablation in liquids, respectively. The photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation (PLE) were investigated at room temperature (RT). PL spectra exhibit the characteristic lines in UV, blue/green, red and NIR regions of the Tm(3+) (4f(12)) under resonant excitation into the high energy (2S+1)LJ multiplets. Under NIR excitation (980 nm), the samples placed in air display an intense NIR at ∼800 nm due to the (1)G4→(3)H5/(3)H4→(3)H6 transitions. Additionally, red, blue/green and ultraviolet UCL is observed arising from higher excited (1)G4 and (1)D2 multiplets. The power excitation dependence of the UCL intensity indicated that 2-3 low energy absorbed photons are involved in the UCL for low power levels, while for high powers, the identified saturation is dependent on the material size with a enhanced effect on the NPs. The temperature dependence of the UCL was investigated for single crystals and targets used in the ablation. An overall increase of the integrated intensity was found to occur between 12 K and the RT. The thermally activated process is described by activation energies of 10 meV and 30 meV for single crystals and targets, respectively. For the NPs, the UCL was found to be strongly sensitive to pressure conditions. Under vacuum conditions, instead of the narrow lines of the Tm(3+), a wide blackbody radiation was detected, responsible for the change in the emission colour from blue to orange. This phenomenon is totally reversible when the NPs are placed at ambient pressure. The UCL/blackbody radiation in the nanosized material exhibits

  7. Ag2O dependent up-conversion luminescence properties in Tm3+/Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hu, Yuebo; Qiu, Jianbei; Song, Zhiguo; Zhou, Dacheng

    2014-01-01

    Up-conversion (UC) luminescence properties of Ag/Tm 3+ /Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped oxyfluorogermanate glasses have been studied to assess the effective role of silver nanoparticles as a sensitizer for Tm 3+ and Er 3+ ions. The X-ray diffraction patterns obtained in this work do not reveal any crystalline phase in the glass. However, the absorption spectra reveal that surface plasmons resonance band of Ag undergoes a distinct split with two maxima and a very broad absorption peak with a background that extends toward the near infrared (NIR) with the increasing of Ag 2 O added concentration. Transmission electron microscope images confirm that silver nanoparticles have been precipitated from matrix glasses and show their distribution, size, and shapes. In addition, changes in UC luminescence intensity of four emission bands 476, 524, 546, and 658 nm corresponding to 1 G 4 → 3 H 6 (Tm 3+ ), ( 2 H 11/2 , 4 S 3/2 ) → 4 I 15/2 (Er 3+ ), and 4 F 9/2 → 4 I 15/2 (Er 3+ ) transitions, respectively, as a function of silver addition to the base composition have been measured under 980 nm excitation. It is confirmed that Ag 2 O added concentration plays an important role in increasing the UC luminescence intensity; however, further increase in Ag 2 O added concentration reduces the intensity

  8. Multicolor tuning towards single red-emission band of upconversion nanoparticles for tunable optical component and optical/x-ray imaging agents via Ce"3"+ doping

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yi, Zhigao; Zeng, Tianmei; Xu, Yaru; Qian, Chao; Liu, Hongrong; Zeng, Songjun; Lu, Wei; Hao, Jianhua

    2015-01-01

    A simple strategy of Ce"3"+ doping is proposed to realize multicolor tuning and predominant red emission in BaLnF_5:Yb"3"+/Ho"3"+ (Ln"3"+ = Gd"3"+, Y"3"+, Yb"3"+) systems. A tunable upconversion (UC) multicolor output from green/yellow to red can be readily achieved in a fixed Yb"3"+/Ho"3"+ composition by doping Ce"3"+, providing an effective route for multicolor tuning widely used for various optical components. Moreover, compared with Ce"3"+-free UC nanoparticles (UCNPs), a remarkable enhancement of the red-to-green (R/G) ratio is observed by doping 30% Ce"3"+, arising from the two largely promoted cross-relaxation (CR) processes between Ce"3"+ and Ho"3"+. UCNPs with pure red emission are selected as in vivo UC bioimaging agents, demonstrating the merits of deep penetration depth, the absence of autofluorescence and high contrast in small animal bioimaging. Moreover, such fluorescence imaging nanoprobes can also be used as contrast agents for three-dimensional (3D) x-ray bioimaging by taking advantage of the high K-edge values and x-ray absorption coefficients of Ba"2"+, Gd"3"+, and Ce"3"+ in our designed nanoprobes. Thus, the simultaneous realization of multicolor output, highly enhanced R/G ratio, and predominant red emission makes the Ce"3"+-doped UCNPs very useful for widespread applications in optical components and bioimaging. (paper)

  9. Multicolor tuning towards single red-emission band of upconversion nanoparticles for tunable optical component and optical/x-ray imaging agents via Ce(3+) doping.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yi, Zhigao; Zeng, Tianmei; Xu, Yaru; Lu, Wei; Qian, Chao; Liu, Hongrong; Zeng, Songjun; Hao, Jianhua

    2015-09-25

    A simple strategy of Ce(3+) doping is proposed to realize multicolor tuning and predominant red emission in BaLnF5:Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) (Ln(3+) = Gd(3+), Y(3+), Yb(3+)) systems. A tunable upconversion (UC) multicolor output from green/yellow to red can be readily achieved in a fixed Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) composition by doping Ce(3+), providing an effective route for multicolor tuning widely used for various optical components. Moreover, compared with Ce(3+)-free UC nanoparticles (UCNPs), a remarkable enhancement of the red-to-green (R/G) ratio is observed by doping 30% Ce(3+), arising from the two largely promoted cross-relaxation (CR) processes between Ce(3+) and Ho(3+). UCNPs with pure red emission are selected as in vivo UC bioimaging agents, demonstrating the merits of deep penetration depth, the absence of autofluorescence and high contrast in small animal bioimaging. Moreover, such fluorescence imaging nanoprobes can also be used as contrast agents for three-dimensional (3D) x-ray bioimaging by taking advantage of the high K-edge values and x-ray absorption coefficients of Ba(2+), Gd(3+), and Ce(3+) in our designed nanoprobes. Thus, the simultaneous realization of multicolor output, highly enhanced R/G ratio, and predominant red emission makes the Ce(3+)-doped UCNPs very useful for widespread applications in optical components and bioimaging.

  10. 'Obligate' anaerobic Salmonella strain YB1 suppresses liver tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Chang-Xian; Yu, Bin; Shi, Lei; Geng, Wei; Lin, Qiu-Bin; Ling, Chang-Chun; Yang, Mei; Ng, Kevin T P; Huang, Jian-Dong; Man, Kwan

    2017-01-01

    The antitumor properties of bacteria have been demonstrated over the past decades. However, the efficacy is limited and unclear. Furthermore, systemic infection remains a serious concern in bacteria treatment. In this study, the effect of YB1, a rationally designed 'obligate' anaerobic Salmonella typhimurium strain, on liver tumor growth and metastasis in a nude mouse orthotopic liver tumor model was investigated. The orthotopic liver tumor model was established in nude mice using the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC-97L. Two weeks after orthotopic liver tumor implantation, YB1, SL7207 and saline were respectively administered through the tail vein of the mice. Longitudinal monitoring of tumor growth and metastasis was performed using Xenogen IVIS, and direct measurements of tumor volume were taken 3 weeks after treatment. In vitro , MHCC-97L and PLC cells were incubated with YB1 or SL7207 under anaerobic conditions. YB1 was observed to invade tumor cells and induce tumor cell apoptosis and death. The results revealed that all mice in the YB1 group were alive 3 weeks after YB1 injection while all mice in the SL7207 group died within 11 days of the SL7207 injection. The body weight decreased by ~9% on day 1 after YB1 injection and but subsequently recovered. Liver tumor growth and metastases were significantly inhibited following YB1 treatment. By contrast to the control group, a large number of Gr1-positive cells were detected on days 1 to 21 following YB1 treatment. Furthermore, YB1 also effectively invaded tumor cells and induced tumor cell apoptosis and death. In conclusion, YB1 suppressed liver tumor growth and metastasis in a nude mice liver tumor model. The potential mechanism may be through enhancing innate immune response and inducing tumor cell apoptosis and cell death.

  11. White light emission and effect of annealing on the Ho3+–Yb3+ codoped BaCa2Al8O15 phosphor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kumari, Astha; Rai, Vineet Kumar

    2015-01-01

    Graphical abstract: The upconversion emission spectra of the Ho 3+ /Yb 3+ doped/codoped BaCa 2 Al 8 O 15 phosphors with different doping concentrations of Ho 3+ /Yb 3+ ions along with UC emission spectrum of the white light emitting phosphor annealed at 800 °C. - Highlights: • BaCa 2 Al 8 O 15 phosphors codoped with Ho 3+ –Yb 3+ have been prepared by combustion method. • Phosphor annealed at 800 °C, illuminate an intense white light upon NIR excitation. • The sample annealed at higher temperatures emits in the pure green region. • The colour emitted persists in the white region even at high pump power density. • Developed phosphor is suitable for making upconverters and WLEDs. - Abstract: The BaCa 2 Al 8 O 15 (BCAO) phosphors codoped with suitable Ho 3+ –Yb 3+ dopant concentration prepared by combustion method illuminate an intense white light upon near infrared diode laser excitation. The structural analysis of the phosphors and the detection of impurity contents have been performed by using the X-Ray Diffraction, FESEM and FTIR analysis. The purity of white light emitted from the sample has been confirmed by the CIE chromaticity diagram. Also, the white light emitted from the sample persists with the variation of pump power density. The phosphors emit upconversion (UC) emission bands in the blue, green and red region (three primary colours required for white light emission) along with one more band in the near infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. On annealing the white light emitting sample at higher temperatures, the sample starts to emit green colour and also the intensity of green and red UC emission bands get enhanced largely.

  12. Utilization of visible to NIR light energy by Yb{sup +3}, Er{sup +3} and Tm{sup +3} doped BiVO{sub 4} for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Regmi, Chhabilal [Research Center for Eco-Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Sun Moon University, Chungnam 31460 (Korea, Republic of); Kshetri, Yuwaraj K. [Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam 31460 (Korea, Republic of); Ray, Schindra Kumar [Research Center for Eco-Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Sun Moon University, Chungnam 31460 (Korea, Republic of); Pandey, Ramesh Prasad [Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Chungnam 31460 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Soo Wohn, E-mail: swlee@sunmoon.ac.kr [Research Center for Eco-Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Sun Moon University, Chungnam 31460 (Korea, Republic of)

    2017-01-15

    Highlights: • Lanthanide doped BiVO{sub 4} as highly efficient upconversion and photocatalytic material. • Well defined beads like morphology for better photocatalytic activity. • Effective utilization of NIR and visible light for efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. • Nontoxic to human cells, potential for application in biological fields. - Abstract: Lanthanide-doped BiVO{sub 4} semiconductors with efficient photocatalytic activities over a broad range of the solar light spectrum have been synthesized by the microwave hydrothermal method using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the as-synthesized samples were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The chemical compositions were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The toxicity of the samples was measured using Mus musculus skin melanoma cells (B16-F10 (ATCC{sup ®} CRL-6475™)) and were found to be nontoxic for human cells. The photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared samples was evaluated by methylene blue (MB) degradation. The best photocatalytic activity was shown by BiVO{sub 4} with 6:3:3 mol percentage of Yb{sup +3}:Er{sup +3}:Tm{sup +3} in all solar light spectrum. The synthesized samples possess low band gap energy and a hollow structure suitable for the better photocatalytic activity. The observed NIR photoactivity supports that the upconversion mechanism is involved in the overall photocatalytic process. Therefore, this approach provides a better alternative upconversion material for integral solar light absorption.

  13. Kerr-Lens Mode-Locked Femtosecond Yb:GdYSiO5 Laser Directly Pumped by a Laser Diode

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jiangfeng Zhu

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available We demonstrate the first Kerr-lens mode-locked operation in a diode-pumped Yb:GdYSiO5 oscillator. Under a diode pump power of 5 W, 141 fs pulses with an average power of 237 mW were obtained at a repetition rate of 118 MHz. The central wavelength was at 1094 nm with a bandwidth of 10.1 nm. Shorter pulses were obtained by adjusting the cavity to operate at a shorter wavelength, resulting in 55 fs pulse duration at the central wavelength of 1054 nm with a bandwidth of 23.5 nm.

  14. Femtosecond spectroscopy on alkali-doped helium nanodroplets; Femtosekundenspektroskopie an alkalidotierten Helium-Nanotroepfchen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Claas, P.

    2006-01-15

    In the present thesis first studies on the short-time dynamics in alkali dimers and microclusters, which were bound on the surface of superfluid helium droplets, were presented. The experiments comprehended pump-probe measurements on the fs scale on the vibration dynamics on the dimers and on the fragmentation dynamics on the clusters. Generally by the studies it was shown that such extremely short slopes can also be observed on helium droplets by means of the femtosecond spectroscopy.

  15. Persistent luminescence in both first and second biological windows in ZnGa2O4:Cr3+,Yb3+ glass ceramics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Castaing, V.; Sontakke, A. D.; Xu, J.; Fernández-Carrión, A. J.; Allix, M.; Tanabe, S.; Viana, B.

    2018-02-01

    ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ is an optical material well known for its deep red persistent luminescence properties which are centered in the first biological window. In this work, Yb3+, Cr3+ co-doped zinc gallate oxide has been prepared in the form of glass-ceramics. The studied samples have been elaborated via conventional melt quenching process leading to nanometer scale phase separated glass which was subsequently crystallized to obtain nanocrystals embedded in a transparent glass matrix. In these as-prepared ZnGa2O4:Cr3+,Yb3+ glass-ceramics, regular Cr3+ emission (at around 695 nm) as well as Yb3+ emission (between 950 and 1100 nm) is observed. Several photoluminescence emission and excitation experiments have been recorded in order clarify (i) the simultaneous emission of these cations in different optical windows and (ii) the energy transfer process between these two emitting centers. Further studies proved that Yb3+ is not only active in photoluminescence but also in persistent luminescence, leading to a material demonstrating persistent luminescence properties in both first and second biological windows (650-950 and 1000-1350 nm respectively). Thermoluminescence experiments have been carried out on these materials in order to gain deeper information about the persistent luminescence process.

  16. Characteristics and Applications of Spatiotemporally Focused Femtosecond Laser Pulses

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chenrui Jing

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing (SSTF of femtosecond laser pulses gives rise to strong suppression of nonlinear self-focusing during the propagation of the femtosecond laser beam. In this paper, we begin with an introduction of the principle of SSTF, followed by a review of our recent experimental results on the characterization and application of the spatiotemporally focused pulses for femtosecond laser micromachining. Finally, we summarize all of the results and give a future perspective of this technique.

  17. Synthesis of NaLuF4:Er3+, Yb3+, Ce3+ nanoparticles and study of photoluminescent properties in C - band

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Khaydukov K.V.

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The novel core@shell nanocrystals β-NaLuF4@NaLuF4 co-doped with rare-earth ions Er3+, Yb3+, Ce3+ have been synthesized. The nano-particles indicate the intensive lines of anti-Stokes luminescence in the telecommunication С - band of spectrum when pumped at 970-980 nm. The nanoparticles have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy and spectrofluorimetry. The nanoparticles have a size 40-80 nm and possess the intensive photo-luminescence 73 nm bandwidth centered around 1530 nm. The photo-luminescence kinetics of β-NaLuF4: Er3+/ Yb3+/ Ce3+ has been studied in IR range of spectrum. We have demonstrated that doping with cerium ions prevents serial stepwise excitation of erbium ions. Consequently, the lifetime of transition in erbium 4I13/2→4I15/2 has risen up to 6.9 ms. Intensity of 1530 nm line in Er3+ ions excited at 980 nm has been increased up to 6 times. Therefore, the nanoparticles are applicable to fabrication of compact waveguide amplifiers for C - band.

  18. Cladding-pumped Yb-doped fiber laser with vortex output beam

    OpenAIRE

    Lin, Di; Clarkson, William

    2015-01-01

    A simple technique for selectively generating a donut-shaped LP11 mode with vortex phase front in a cladding-pumped ytterbium-doped fiber laser is reported. The laser yielded 36W of output with a slope efficiency of 74%.

  19. Bandwidth-narrowed Bragg gratings inscribed in double-cladding fiber by femtosecond laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shi, Jiawei; Li, Yuhua; Liu, Shuhui; Wang, Haiyan; Liu, Ningliang; Lu, Peixiang

    2011-01-31

    Bragg gratings with the bandwidth(FWHM) narrowed up to 79 pm were inscribed in double-cladding fiber with femtosecond radiation and a phase mask followed by an annealing treatment. With the annealing temperature below a critical value, the bandwidth of Bragg gratings induced by Type I-IR and Type II-IR index change was narrowed without the reduction of reflectivity. The bandwidth narrowing is due to the profile transformation of the refractive index modulation caused by the annealing treatment. This mechanism was verified by comparing bandwidth narrowing processes of FBGs written with different power densities.

  20. Level Densities and Radiative Strength Functions in 170,171Yb

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Agvaanluvsan, U.; Schiller, A.; Becker, J.A.; Berstein, L.A.; Guttormsen, M.; Mitchell, G.E.; Rekstad, J.; Siem, S.; Voinov, A.

    2003-01-01

    Level densities and radiative strength functions in 171 Yb and 170 Yb nuclei have been measured with the 171 Yb( 3 He, 3 He(prime) γ) 171 Yb and 171 Yb( 3 He, αγ) 170 Yb reactions. A simultaneous determination of the nuclear level density and the radiative strength function was made. The present data adds to and is consistent with previous results for several other rare earth nuclei. The method will be briefly reviewed and the result from the analysis will be presented. The radiative strength function for 171 Yb is compared to previously published work.

  1. Ultraviolet photoluminescence in Gd-doped silica and phosphosilicate fibers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Y. Wang

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Optical fiber lasers operating in the near infrared and visible spectral regions have relied on the spectroscopic properties of rare earth ions such as Yb3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Nd3+, and Sm3+. Here, we investigate Gd3+ doping in phosphosilicate and pure silica fibers using solution doping and sol-gel techniques, respectively, for potential applications in the ultraviolet. Photoluminescence spectra for optical fiber bundles and fiber preforms were recorded and compared. Emissions at 312 nm (phosphosilicate and 314 nm (pure silica were observed when pumping to the Gd3+ 6DJ, 6IJ, and 6PJ = 5/2, 3/2 energy levels. Oxygen deficient center was observed in solution doping sample with a wide absorption band centered at around 248 nm not affecting pumping to 6IJ states.

  2. Substitution studies of Mn and Fe in Ln{sub 6}W{sub 4}Al{sub 43} (Ln=Gd, Yb) and the structure of Yb{sub 6}Ti{sub 4}Al{sub 43}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Treadwell, LaRico J.; Watkins-Curry, Pilanda [Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (United States); Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 (United States); McAlpin, Jacob D. [Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (United States); Prestigiacomo, Joseph; Stadler, Shane [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (United States); Chan, Julia Y., E-mail: Julia.Chan@utdallas.edu [Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (United States); Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 (United States)

    2014-02-15

    The synthesis and characterization of Mn- and Fe-substituted Ln{sub 6}W{sub 4}Al{sub 43} (Ln=Gd, Yb) and Yb{sub 6}Ti{sub 4}Al{sub 43} are reported. The compounds adopt the Ho{sub 6}Mo{sub 4}Al{sub 43} structure type with lattice parameters of a∼11 Å and c∼17.8 Å with structural site preferences for Mn and Fe. The magnetization of Yb{sub 6}W{sub 4}Al{sub 43} is sensitive to Mn and Fe doping, which is evident by an increase in the field dependent magnetization. Gd{sub 6}W{sub 4}Al{sub 43}, Gd{sub 6}W{sub 4}Al{sub 42.31(11)}Mn{sub 0.69(11)}, and Gd{sub 6}W{sub 4}Al{sub 41.69(12)}Fe{sub 1.30(12)} order antiferromagnetically in the ab- and c-directions at 15, 14, and 13 K, respectively, with positive Weiss constants, suggesting the presence of ferromagnetic exchange interactions. Anisotropic magnetization data of Gd{sub 6}W{sub 4}Al{sub 43−y}T{sub y} (T=Mn, Fe) analogs are discussed. - Graphical abstract: The magnetic susceptibility of Ln{sub 6}W{sub 4−x}Al{sub 43−y}T{sub x+y} (Ln = Gd, Yb; T= Mn, Fe). Display Omitted - Highlights: • Single crystals of Ln{sub 6}W{sub 4−x}Al{sub 43−y}T{sub x+y} were grown with Al-flux. • Anisotropic magnetic behavior were determined on single crystals. • Gd{sub 6}W{sub 4−x}Al{sub 43−y}T{sub x+y} (T=Mn, Fe) analogs order antiferromagnetically.

  3. Spectral properties of hydrothermally-grown Nd:LuAG, Yb:LuAG, and Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3} laser materials

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brown, David C., E-mail: DBrown@snakecreeklasers.com [Snake Creek Lasers LLC, Friendsville, PA 18818 (United States); McMillen, Colin D.; Moore, Cheryl; Kolis, Joseph W. [Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973 (United States); Envid, Victoria [Snake Creek Lasers LLC, Friendsville, PA 18818 (United States)

    2014-04-15

    We have investigated the hydrothermal growth of, and spectrally characterized, the lutetium based laser materials Nd:LuAG, Yb:LuAG, and Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Absorption cross-section data are presented for Nd:LuAG at 83, 175, and 295 K. Absorption cross-section data was also obtained for Yb:LuAG at 83, 175, and 295 K; the 295 K data was used to generate emission cross-sections using the method of reciprocity. For Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3}, we present absorption cross-sections at 295 K as well as emission cross-sections derived using reciprocity. -- Highlights: • We present spectral properties for hydrothermally-grown laser crystals. • Absorption cross-section data are presented for Nd:LuAG and Yb:LuAG at 83, 175, and 295 K. • Emission cross-sections are presented for Yb:LuAG at 295 K derived by reciprocity. • We present absorption cross-sections at 295 K as well as emission cross-sections derived using reciprocity for the laser material Yb:Lu{sub 2}O{sub 3}.

  4. Broadened band C-telecom and intense upconversion emission of Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped CaYAlO{sub 4} luminescent material obtained by an easy route

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Perrella, R.V.; Schiavon, M.A. [Grupo de Pesquisa em Química de Materiais – (GPQM), Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ), Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, 36301-160 São João del Rei, MG (Brazil); Pecoraro, E.; Ribeiro, S.J.L. [UNESP, Institute of Chemistry, P.O. Box 355, 14800-970 Araraquara, SP (Brazil); Ferrari, J.L., E-mail: ferrari@ufsj.edu.br [Grupo de Pesquisa em Química de Materiais – (GPQM), Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ), Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, 36301-160 São João del Rei, MG (Brazil)

    2016-10-15

    This work reports on photoluminescence properties of Er{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} co-doped CaYAlO{sub 4} in powder form, synthesized by an easy route using citric acid as ligand to form complex precursor. The 1.2 mol% of Yb{sup 3+} was fixed, while the amount of Er{sup 3+} changed in 0.5, 1.5 and 3 mol% in order to evaluate the photoluminescence properties as a function of the Er{sup 3+} concentration. The structural and thermal properties of the viscous solutions and powder materials obtained after the heat-treatment at 1000, 1100 and 1200 °C for 4 h were evaluated by XRD, FTIR and TG/DTA analysis. The results showed the formation of pure CaYAlO{sub 4} tetragonal crystalline phase after heat-treatment at 1100 °C and 1200 °C. Intense emission in the visible region under excitation at 980 nm was attributed to upconversion process, from Er{sup 3+} intra-configurational f–f transitions. The emissions were assigned to the transitions {sup 2}H{sub 11/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} and {sup 4}S{sub 3/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} (green region), and {sup 4}F{sub 9/2}→{sup 4}I{sub 15/2} (red region) energy levels. The ratio between emission band integrated areas assigned to the red and green emissions increased as a function of Er{sup 3+} concentration. Under excitation at 980 nm with 100 mW of power pump, the materials also showed intense and broadening emission with maximum at 1520 nm with FWHM of 84.74 nm for the sample CaYAlO{sub 4}:1.5% Er{sup 3+}/1.2% Yb{sup 3+} heat-treated at 1000 °C for 4 h. The photoluminescence properties showed that these materials are promising for use in C-telecom band as optical amplifier biological marker or/and solid-state laser devices under excitation at 980 nm.

  5. Study of the production of 177Lu through 176Yb (n, γ) 177Yb → 177Lu nuclear reaction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Silva, Giovana Pasqualini da; Osso Junior, Joao Alberto

    2007-01-01

    The beta minus emitter 177 Lu is a promising therapeutic radioisotope for the curative treatment of cancer using labelled proteins. It has a half - life of T 1/2 = 6.71 day and maximum and average β - energies of 421 and 133 keV, resulting in a short range of radiation in tissue. The decay is accompanied by the emission of low energy γ-radiation with 208.3 keV (11%) and 113 keV (6.4%) suitable for simultaneous imaging, 177 Lu can be produced by two different routes, namely, by irradiation of natural Lu 2 O 3 target ( 176 Lu, 2.6%) or enriched (in 176 Lu) Lu 2 O 3 target, as also by irradiation of Yb target (Yb 2 O 3 ) followed by radiochemical separation of 177 Lu from Yb isotopes. The objective of this work is to study the production of 177 Lu through the indirect 176 Yb(n,γ) 177 Yb → 177 Lu nuclear reaction. The results of the production yield of 177 Lu will be shown and compared with the direct reaction. The method of choice for the chemical separation between Lu and Yb was the ion exchange, using an cation exchange resin in Cl - form and α-HIBA as eluent. Preliminary results showed a good separation of 177 Lu from Yb 2 O 3 indirect targets. (author)

  6. Femtosecond laser ablation of enamel

    Science.gov (United States)

    Le, Quang-Tri; Bertrand, Caroline; Vilar, Rui

    2016-06-01

    The surface topographical, compositional, and structural modifications induced in human enamel by femtosecond laser ablation is studied. The laser treatments were performed using a Yb:KYW chirped-pulse-regenerative amplification laser system (560 fs and 1030 nm) and fluences up to 14 J/cm2. The ablation surfaces were studied by scanning electron microscopy, grazing incidence x-ray diffraction, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Regardless of the fluence, the ablation surfaces were covered by a layer of resolidified material, indicating that ablation is accompanied by melting of hydroxyapatite. This layer presented pores and exploded gas bubbles, created by the release of gaseous decomposition products of hydroxyapatite (CO2 and H2O) within the liquid phase. In the specimen treated with 1-kHz repetition frequency and 14 J/cm2, thickness of the resolidified material is in the range of 300 to 900 nm. The micro-Raman analysis revealed that the resolidified material contains amorphous calcium phosphate, while grazing incidence x-ray diffraction analysis allowed detecting traces of a calcium phosphate other than hydroxyapatite, probably β-tricalcium phosphate Ca3), at the surface of this specimen. The present results show that the ablation of enamel involves melting of enamel's hydroxyapatite, but the thickness of the altered layer is very small and thermal damage of the remaining material is negligible.

  7. Vaporization thermodynamics of Pd-rich intermediate phases in the Pd–Yb system

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ciccioli, A., E-mail: andrea.ciccioli@uniroma1.it [Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma (Italy); Balducci, G.; Gigli, G. [Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma (Italy); Provino, A. [Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova (Italy); Istituto SPIN-CNR, Corso Perrone 24, 16152 Genova (Italy); Palenzona, A. [Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova (Italy); Manfrinetti, P. [Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova (Italy); Istituto SPIN-CNR, Corso Perrone 24, 16152 Genova (Italy)

    2016-02-20

    Highlights: • Vaporization equilibria of Pd–Yb intermediate phases investigated by effusion techniques. • Heats of formation of Pd–Yb compounds determined from decomposition/atomization enthalpies. • Phase diagram of the Pd–Yb system re-drawn. • Influence of the Yb valence state on the thermodynamic properties observed. - Abstract: The vaporization thermodynamics of several intermediate phases in the Pd–Yb system was investigated by means of vaporization experiments performed under Knudsen conditions (KEML, Knudsen Effusion Mass Loss). The following thermal decomposition processes were studied in the overall temperature range 819–1240 K and their enthalpy changes determined: 4 PdYb(s) = Pd{sub 4}Yb{sub 3}(s) + Yb(g); 5/3 Pd{sub 4}Yb{sub 3}(s) = 4/3 Pd{sub 5}Yb{sub 3}(s) + Yb(g); 21/13 Pd{sub 5}Yb{sub 3}(s) = 5/13 Pd{sub 21}Yb{sub 10}(s) + Yb(g); 1/3 Pd{sub 21}Yb{sub 10}(s) = 21/9 Pd{sub 3}Yb(s) + Yb(g). Additional measurements were performed by KEMS (Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry) on a Pd-rich two-phase sample, which allowed to detect both Yb(g) and Pd(g) in the vapor phase and to determine the atomization enthalpy of the Pd{sub 3}Yb phase (Pd-rich composition boundary, Pd{sub 3.08}Yb{sub 0.92}): Pd{sub 3.08}Yb{sub 0.92}(s) = 0.92 Yb(g) + 3.08 Pd(g). The enthalpy of formation of this compound was thereafter determined as −68 ± 2 kJ/mol at. and, by combining this value with the decomposition enthalpies derived by KEML, the enthalpies of formation of the studied Pd–Yb intermediate phases were evaluated (kJ/mol at.): −75 ± 4 (Pd{sub 21}Yb{sub 10}), −75 ± 3 (Pd{sub 5}Yb{sub 3}), −73 ± 3 (Pd{sub 4}Yb{sub 3}), and −66 ± 3 (PdYb). A modified version of the Pd–Yb phase diagram is also reported, re-drawn on the basis of literature data and of new experimental information recently become available.

  8. Femtosecond Laser Ablated FBG with Composite Microstructure for Hydrogen Sensor Application

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meng Zou

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available A composite microstructure in fiber Bragg grating (FBG with film deposition for hydrogen detection is presented. Through ablated to FBG cladding by a femtosecond laser, straight-trenches and spiral micro-pits are formed. A Pd–Ag film is sputtered on the surface of the laser processed FBG single mode fiber, and acts as hydrogen sensing transducer. The demonstrated experimental outcomes show that a composite structure produced the highest sensitivity of 26.3 pm/%H, nearly sevenfold more sensitive compared with original standard FBG. It offers great potential in engineering applications for its good structure stability and sensitivity.

  9. Erbium/ytterbium co-doped double clad fiber amplifier, its applications and effects in fiber optic communication systems

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dua, Puneit

    Increased demand for larger bandwidth and longer inter-amplifiers distances translates to higher power budgets for fiber optic communication systems in order to overcome large splitting losses and achieve acceptable signal-to-noise ratios. Due to their unique design ytterbium sensitized erbium doped, double clad fiber amplifiers; offer significant increase in the output powers that can be obtained. In this thesis we investigate, a one-stage, high power erbium and ytterbium co-doped double clad fiber amplifier (DCFA) with output power of 1.4W, designed and built in our lab. Experimental demonstration and numerical simulation techniques have been used to systematically study the applications of such an amplifier and the effects of incorporating it in various fiber optic communication systems. Amplitude modulated subcarrier multiplexed (AM-SCM) CATV distribution experiment has been performed to verify the feasibility of using this amplifier in an analog/digital communication system. The applications of the amplifier as a Fabry-Perot and ring fiber laser with an all-fiber cavity, a broadband supercontinuum source and for generation of high power, short pulses at 5GHz have been experimentally demonstrated. A variety of observable nonlinear effects occur due to the high intensity of the optical powers confined in micron-sized cores of the fibers, this thesis explores in detail some of these effects caused by using the high power Er/Yb double clad fiber amplifier. A fiber optic based analog/digital CATV system experiences composite second order (CSO) distortion due to the interaction between the gain tilt---the variation of gain with wavelength, of the doped fiber amplifier and the wavelength chirp of the directly modulated semiconductor laser. Gain tilt of the Er/Yb co-doped fiber amplifier has been experimentally measured and its contribution to the CSO of the system calculated. Theoretical analysis of a wavelength division multiplexed system with closely spaced

  10. Radiative transition, local field enhancement and energy transfer microcosmic mechanism of tellurite glasses containing Er3+, Yb3+ ions and Ag nanoparticles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang, Wenjun; Lin, Jian; Cheng, Mingzhao; Zhang, Shuo; Jia, Yujie; Zhao, Junhong

    2015-01-01

    Er 3+ -doped, Er 3+ /Yb 3+ co-doped tellurite glass with and without Ag NPs were synthesized by melt-quenching method. The high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and selected area electron diffractions (SAED) manifest growth of Ag NPs. The UV–vis–NIR absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were measured. The optical band gap and multiphonon relaxation rate constants were calculated. The electronic band structure and local density of state (DOS) of Ag NPs are calculated. The fluorescence emission and enhancement mechanism including localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and energy transfer (ET) microcosmic mechanism were discussed. The electric field distributions of Ag NPs are emulated by FDTD solutions software. Local field enhancement (LFE) induced by LSPR and lightning rod effect was found to be responsible for the fluorescence enhancement while energy transfer from Ag NPs to rare-earth was considered ignorable in the samples without photoluminescent emission. - Highlights: • Tellurite glasses containing Er 3+ , Yb 3+ and Ag NPs are prepared. • Judd–Ofelt and multiphonon relaxation are calculated. • The electronic band structures of Ag NPs are calculated. • The energy transfer mechanism is discussed. • The plasmon resonance effect of Ag NPs is discussed

  11. Controllable synthesis and upconversion emission of ultrasmall near-monodisperse lanthanide-doped Sr2LaF7 nanocrystals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mao, Yifu; Ma, Mo; Gong, Lunjun; Xu, Changfu; Ren, Guozhong; Yang, Qibin

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • Apropos NaOH content facilitates the growth of pure phase Sr 2 LaF 7 NCs. • Yb 3+ doping is favorable to the formation of Sr 2 LaF 7 NCs with uniform size. • Ultrasmall near-monodispersed Sr 2 LaF 7 NCs(sub-10 nm) were synthesized for the first time. • Intense multicolor upconversion can be obtained by properly lanthanide doping. - Abstract: Fluorite phase Sr 2 LaF 7 nanocrystals (NCs) were synthesized via solvothermal method using oleic acid as capping ligands. The effects of preparing conditions on the phase structure, crystal size, morphology, and upconversion (UC) emission properties of the products were studied. The results reveal that just apropos NaOH content facilitates the growth of near-monodispersed pure phase Sr 2 LaF 7 NCs, and Yb 3+ doping is favorable to the formation of pure Sr 2 LaF 7 phase with more uniform size distribution. The average crystalline size of the products can be controlled less than 10 nm. Following appropriate lanthanide ions doping, the NCs show intense blue, yellow, and white-color UC emission under the excitation of a 980 nm laser. The energy transfer UC mechanisms for the fluorescent intensity were also investigated

  12. Optical waveguide formed in Yb:GdCOB and Yb:YCOB crystals by 3.0MeV O{sup +} implantation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jiao, Yang, E-mail: sdujy@163.com [College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014 (China)

    2013-07-15

    Planar optical waveguides were formed in Yb:GdCOB and Yb:YCOB crystals by 3.0 MeV O{sup +} ion implantation at fluence of 2 × 10{sup 15} ions/cm{sup 2} at room temperature, respectively. The prism coupling method was performed to characterize the dark-mode property of the waveguides. The refractive index profiles in the waveguides were reconstructed by reflectivity calculation method (RCM). The results show that after the implantation, a 1.5 μm-wide region with enhanced refractive-index was formed beneath the sample surfaces to act as waveguide structures for both Yb:GdCOB and Yb:YCOB.

  13. Spectroscopy and enhanced frequency upconversion in Nd3+-Yb3+ codoped TPO glasses: energy transfer and NIR to visible upconverter

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azam, Mohd; Rai, Vineet Kumar; Mohanty, Deepak Kumar

    2017-09-01

    TeO2-Pb3O4 (TPO) glasses codoped with Nd3+ and Yb3+ ions have been fabricated by conventional melting technique. The absorption, emission and excitation spectra of the samples have been recorded. The optical band gap in both the doped/codoped glasses is found to be ˜3.31 eV. Judd-Ofelt analysis has been carried out by using the absorption spectrum of 0.8 mol% Nd3+ doped glass to determine the radiative properties viz radiative transition probabilities, branching ratios, radiative lifetimes, quality factor and emission cross sections of some emitting levels for Nd3+ ions. The radiative transition probability for the 4G7/2 → 4I9/2 transition (˜1926 Hz) is found to be maximum compared to other 4G5/2 → 4I9/2 (˜1622 Hz) and 4F5/2 → 4I9/2 (˜865 Hz) transitions. Upconversion (UC) luminescence of the samples has been examined by the 980 nm CW diode laser excitation. Effect of addition of Yb3+ ions in the Nd3+ doped glasses on UC emission intensity has been discussed. The UC emission intensity corresponding to the green, red and NIR bands in the codoped glass has been enhanced by ˜17, ˜12 and ˜42 times as compared to that of the Nd3+ singly doped glass. The quantum efficiency for the 4G7/2 level is found to be ˜32%. The nephelauxetic ratio, bonding parameter and covalency of Nd3+ ions have been found positive which represents the covalent bonding between Nd3+ ion and oxygen atom. The colour tunability from yellowish-green to dominant green region has been obtained in the optimized codoped TPO glass.

  14. Search for $CP$ violation in $D^{\\pm}\\rightarrow K^0_S K^{\\pm}$ and $D^{\\pm}_{s}\\rightarrow K^0_S \\pi^{\\pm}$ decays

    CERN Document Server

    Aaij, R.; Adinolfi, M.; Affolder, A.; Ajaltouni, Z.; Akar, S.; Albrecht, J.; Alessio, F.; Alexander, M.; Ali, S.; Alkhazov, G.; Alvarez Cartelle, P.; Alves Jr, A.A.; Amato, S.; Amerio, S.; Amhis, Y.; An, L.; Anderlini, L.; Anderson, J.; Andreassen, R.; Andreotti, M.; Andrews, J.E.; Appleby, R.B.; Aquines Gutierrez, O.; Archilli, F.; Artamonov, A.; Artuso, M.; Aslanides, E.; Auriemma, G.; Baalouch, M.; Bachmann, S.; Back, J.J.; Badalov, A.; Balagura, V.; Baldini, W.; Barlow, R.J.; Barschel, C.; Barsuk, S.; Barter, W.; Batozskaya, V.; Battista, V.; Bay, A.; Beaucourt, L.; Beddow, J.; Bedeschi, F.; Bediaga, I.; Belogurov, S.; Belous, K.; Belyaev, I.; Ben-Haim, E.; Bencivenni, G.; Benson, S.; Benton, J.; Berezhnoy, A.; Bernet, R.; Bettler, M.O.; van Beuzekom, M.; Bien, A.; Bifani, S.; Bird, T.; Bizzeti, A.; Bjornstad, P.M.; Blake, T.; Blanc, F.; Blouw, J.; Blusk, S.; Bocci, V.; Bondar, A.; Bondar, N.; Bonivento, W.; Borghi, S.; Borgia, A.; Borsato, M.; Bowcock, T.J.V.; Bowen, E.; Bozzi, C.; Brambach, T.; van den Brand, J.; Bressieux, J.; Brett, D.; Britsch, M.; Britton, T.; Brodzicka, J.; Brook, N.H.; Brown, H.; Bursche, A.; Busetto, G.; Buytaert, J.; Cadeddu, S.; Calabrese, R.; Calvi, M.; Calvo Gomez, M.; Camboni, A.; Campana, P.; Campora Perez, D.; Carbone, A.; Carboni, G.; Cardinale, R.; Cardini, A.; Carranza-Mejia, H.; Carson, L.; Carvalho Akiba, K.; Casse, G.; Cassina, L.; Garcia, L.Castillo; Cattaneo, M.; Cauet, Ch.; Cenci, R.; Charles, M.; Charpentier, Ph.; Chen, S.; Cheung, S.F.; Chiapolini, N.; Chrzaszcz, M.; Ciba, K.; Cid Vidal, X.; Ciezarek, G.; Clarke, P.E.L.; Clemencic, M.; Cliff, H.V.; Closier, J.; Coco, V.; Cogan, J.; Cogneras, E.; Collins, P.; Comerma-Montells, A.; Contu, A.; Cook, A.; Coombes, M.; Coquereau, S.; Corti, G.; Corvo, M.; Counts, I.; Couturier, B.; Cowan, G.A.; Craik, D.C.; Cruz Torres, M.; Cunliffe, S.; Currie, R.; D'Ambrosio, C.; Dalseno, J.; David, P.; David, P.N.Y.; Davis, A.; De Bruyn, K.; De Capua, S.; De Cian, M.; de Miranda, J.M.; De Paula, L.; De Silva, W.; De Simone, P.; Decamp, D.; Deckenhoff, M.; Del Buono, L.; Deleage, N.; Derkach, D.; Deschamps, O.; Dettori, F.; Di Canto, A.; Dijkstra, H.; Donleavy, S.; Dordei, F.; Dorigo, M.; Dosil Suarez, A.; Dossett, D.; Dovbnya, A.; Dreimanis, K.; Dujany, G.; Dupertuis, F.; Durante, P.; Dzhelyadin, R.; Dziurda, A.; Dzyuba, A.; Easo, S.; Egede, U.; Egorychev, V.; Eidelman, S.; Eisenhardt, S.; Eitschberger, U.; Ekelhof, R.; Eklund, L.; El Rifai, I.; Elsasser, Ch.; Ely, S.; Esen, S.; Evans, T.; Falabella, A.; Farber, C.; Farinelli, C.; Farley, N.; Farry, S.; Fay, RF.; Ferguson, D.; Fernandez Albor, V.; Ferreira Rodrigues, F.; Ferro-Luzzi, M.; Filippov, S.; Fiore, M.; Fiorini, M.; Firlej, M.; Fitzpatrick, C.; Fiutowski, T.; Fontana, M.; Fontanelli, F.; Forty, R.; Francisco, O.; Frank, M.; Frei, C.; Frosini, M.; Fu, J.; Furfaro, E.; Gallas Torreira, A.; Galli, D.; Gallorini, S.; Gambetta, S.; Gandelman, M.; Gandini, P.; Gao, Y.; Garofoli, J.; Garra Tico, J.; Garrido, L.; Gaspar, C.; Gauld, R.; Gavardi, L.; Gavrilov, G.; Gersabeck, E.; Gersabeck, M.; Gershon, T.; Ghez, Ph.; Gianelle, A.; Giani', S.; Gibson, V.; Giubega, L.; Gligorov, V.V.; Gobel, C.; Golubkov, D.; Golutvin, A.; Gomes, A.; Gordon, H.; Gotti, C.; Grabalosa Gandara, M.; Graciani Diaz, R.; Granado Cardoso, L.A.; Grauges, E.; Graziani, G.; Grecu, A.; Greening, E.; Gregson, S.; Griffith, P.; Grillo, L.; Grunberg, O.; Gui, B.; Gushchin, E.; Guz, Yu.; Gys, T.; Hadjivasiliou, C.; Haefeli, G.; Haen, C.; Haines, S.C.; Hall, S.; Hamilton, B.; Hampson, T.; Han, X.; Hansmann-Menzemer, S.; Harnew, N.; Harnew, S.T.; Harrison, J.; Hartmann, T.; He, J.; Head, T.; Heijne, V.; Hennessy, K.; Henrard, P.; Henry, L.; Hernando Morata, J.A.; van Herwijnen, E.; Hess, M.; Hicheur, A.; Hill, D.; Hoballah, M.; Hombach, C.; Hulsbergen, W.; Hunt, P.; Hussain, N.; Hutchcroft, D.; Hynds, D.; Idzik, M.; Ilten, P.; Jacobsson, R.; Jaeger, A.; Jalocha, J.; Jans, E.; Jaton, P.; Jawahery, A.; Jing, F.; John, M.; Johnson, D.; Jones, C.R.; Joram, C.; Jost, B.; Jurik, N.; Kaballo, M.; Kandybei, S.; Kanso, W.; Karacson, M.; Karbach, T.M.; Karodia, S.; Kelsey, M.; Kenyon, I.R.; Ketel, T.; Khanji, B.; Khurewathanakul, C.; Klaver, S.; Kochebina, O.; Kolpin, M.; Komarov, I.; Koopman, R.F.; Koppenburg, P.; Korolev, M.; Kozlinskiy, A.; Kravchuk, L.; Kreplin, K.; Kreps, M.; Krocker, G.; Krokovny, P.; Kruse, F.; Kucewicz, W.; Kucharczyk, M.; Kudryavtsev, V.; Kurek, K.; Kvaratskheliya, T.; La Thi, V.N.; Lacarrere, D.; Lafferty, G.; Lai, A.; Lambert, D.; Lambert, R.W.; Lanciotti, E.; Lanfranchi, G.; Langenbruch, C.; Langhans, B.; Latham, T.; Lazzeroni, C.; Le Gac, R.; van Leerdam, J.; Lees, J.P.; Lefevre, R.; Leflat, A.; Lefrancois, J.; Leo, S.; Leroy, O.; Lesiak, T.; Leverington, B.; Li, Y.; Liles, M.; Lindner, R.; Linn, C.; Lionetto, F.; Liu, B.; Liu, G.; Lohn, S.; Longstaff, I.; Lopes, J.H.; Lopez-March, N.; Lowdon, P.; Lu, H.; Lucchesi, D.; Luo, H.; Lupato, A.; Luppi, E.; Lupton, O.; Machefert, F.; Machikhiliyan, I.V.; Maciuc, F.; Maev, O.; Malde, S.; Manca, G.; Mancinelli, G.; Maratas, J.; Marchand, J.F.; Marconi, U.; Benito, C.Marin; Marino, P.; Marki, R.; Marks, J.; Martellotti, G.; Martens, A.; Martin Sanchez, A.; Martinelli, M.; Martinez Santos, D.; Martinez Vidal, F.; Martins Tostes, D.; Massafferri, A.; Matev, R.; Mathe, Z.; Matteuzzi, C.; Mazurov, A.; McCann, M.; McCarthy, J.; McNab, A.; McNulty, R.; McSkelly, B.; Meadows, B.; Meier, F.; Meissner, M.; Merk, M.; Milanes, D.A.; Minard, M.N.; Moggi, N.; Molina Rodriguez, J.; Monteil, S.; Morandin, M.; Morawski, P.; Morda, A.; Morello, M.J.; Moron, J.; Morris, A.B.; Mountain, R.; Muheim, F.; Muller, K.; Muresan, R.; Mussini, M.; Muster, B.; Naik, P.; Nakada, T.; Nandakumar, R.; Nasteva, I.; Needham, M.; Neri, N.; Neubert, S.; Neufeld, N.; Neuner, M.; Nguyen, A.D.; Nguyen, T.D.; Nguyen-Mau, C.; Nicol, M.; Niess, V.; Niet, R.; Nikitin, N.; Nikodem, T.; Novoselov, A.; O'Hanlon, D.P.; Oblakowska-Mucha, A.; Obraztsov, V.; Oggero, S.; Ogilvy, S.; Okhrimenko, O.; Oldeman, R.; Onderwater, G.; Orlandea, M.; Otalora Goicochea, J.M.; Owen, P.; Oyanguren, A.; Pal, B.K.; Palano, A.; Palombo, F.; Palutan, M.; Panman, J.; Papanestis, A.; Pappagallo, M.; Parkes, C.; Parkinson, C.J.; Passaleva, G.; Patel, G.D.; Patel, M.; Patrignani, C.; Pazos Alvarez, A.; Pearce, A.; Pellegrino, A.; Pepe Altarelli, M.; Perazzini, S.; Perez Trigo, E.; Perret, P.; Perrin-Terrin, M.; Pescatore, L.; Pesen, E.; Petridis, K.; Petrolini, A.; Picatoste Olloqui, E.; Pietrzyk, B.; Pilar, T.; Pinci, D.; Pistone, A.; Playfer, S.; Plo Casasus, M.; Polci, F.; Poluektov, A.; Polycarpo, E.; Popov, A.; Popov, D.; Popovici, B.; Potterat, C.; Prisciandaro, J.; Pritchard, A.; Prouve, C.; Pugatch, V.; Puig Navarro, A.; Punzi, G.; Qian, W.; Rachwal, B.; Rademacker, J.H.; Rakotomiaramanana, B.; Rama, M.; Rangel, M.S.; Raniuk, I.; Rauschmayr, N.; Raven, G.; Reichert, S.; Reid, M.M.; dos Reis, A.C.; Ricciardi, S.; Richards, A.; Rihl, M.; Rinnert, K.; Rives Molina, V.; Roa Romero, D.A.; Robbe, P.; Rodrigues, A.B.; Rodrigues, E.; Rodriguez Perez, P.; Roiser, S.; Romanovsky, V.; Vidal, A.Romero; Rotondo, M.; Rouvinet, J.; Ruf, T.; Ruffini, F.; Ruiz, H.; Valls, P.Ruiz; Sabatino, G.; Saborido Silva, J.J.; Sagidova, N.; Sail, P.; Saitta, B.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Sanchez Mayordomo, C.; Sanmartin Sedes, B.; Santacesaria, R.; Santamarina Rios, C.; Santovetti, E.; Sapunov, M.; Sarti, A.; Satriano, C.; Satta, A.; Savrie, M.; Savrina, D.; Schiller, M.; Schindler, H.; Schlupp, M.; Schmelling, M.; Schmidt, B.; Schneider, O.; Schopper, A.; Schune, M.H.; Schwemmer, R.; Sciascia, B.; Sciubba, A.; Seco, M.; Semennikov, A.; Sepp, I.; Serra, N.; Serrano, J.; Sestini, L.; Seyfert, P.; Shapkin, M.; Shapoval, I.; Shcheglov, Y.; Shears, T.; Shekhtman, L.; Shevchenko, V.; Shires, A.; Coutinho, R.Silva; Simi, G.; Sirendi, M.; Skidmore, N.; Skwarnicki, T.; Smith, N.A.; Smith, E.; Smith, E.; Smith, J.; Smith, M.; Snoek, H.; Sokoloff, M.D.; Soler, F.J.P.; Soomro, F.; Souza, D.; Souza De Paula, B.; Spaan, B.; Sparkes, A.; Spradlin, P.; Stagni, F.; Stahl, M.; Stahl, S.; Steinkamp, O.; Stenyakin, O.; Stevenson, S.; Stoica, S.; Stone, S.; Storaci, B.; Stracka, S.; Straticiuc, M.; Straumann, U.; Stroili, R.; Subbiah, V.K.; Sun, L.; Sutcliffe, W.; Swientek, K.; Swientek, S.; Syropoulos, V.; Szczekowski, M.; Szczypka, P.; Szilard, D.; Szumlak, T.; T'Jampens, S.; Teklishyn, M.; Tellarini, G.; Teubert, F.; Thomas, C.; Thomas, E.; van Tilburg, J.; Tisserand, V.; Tobin, M.; Tolk, S.; Tomassetti, L.; Tonelli, D.; Topp-Joergensen, S.; Torr, N.; Tournefier, E.; Tourneur, S.; Tran, M.T.; Tresch, M.; Tsaregorodtsev, A.; Tsopelas, P.; Tuning, N.; Garcia, M.Ubeda; Ukleja, A.; Ustyuzhanin, A.; Uwer, U.; Vagnoni, V.; Valenti, G.; Vallier, A.; Vazquez Gomez, R.; Vazquez Regueiro, P.; Vazquez Sierra, C.; Vecchi, S.; Velthuis, J.J.; Veltri, M.; Veneziano, G.; Vesterinen, M.; Viaud, B.; Vieira, D.; Vieites Diaz, M.; Vilasis-Cardona, X.; Vollhardt, A.; Volyanskyy, D.; Voong, D.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, V.; Voss, C.; Voss, H.; de Vries, J.A.; Waldi, R.; Wallace, C.; Wallace, R.; Walsh, J.; Wandernoth, S.; Wang, J.; Ward, D.R.; Watson, N.K.; Websdale, D.; Whitehead, M.; Wicht, J.; Wiedner, D.; Wilkinson, G.; Williams, M.P.; Williams, M.; Wilson, F.F.; Wimberley, J.; Wishahi, J.; Wislicki, W.; Witek, M.; Wormser, G.; Wotton, S.A.; Wright, S.; Wu, S.; Wyllie, K.; Xie, Y.; Xing, Z.; Xu, Z.; Yang, Z.; Yuan, X.; Yushchenko, O.; Zangoli, M.; Zavertyaev, M.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, W.C.; Zhang, Y.; Zhelezov, A.; Zhokhov, A.; Zhong, L.; Zvyagin, A.

    2014-10-03

    A search for $CP$ violation in Cabibbo-suppressed $D^{\\pm}\\rightarrow K^0_S K^{\\pm}$ and $D^{\\pm}_{s}\\rightarrow K^0_S \\pi^{\\pm}$ decays is performed using $pp$ collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3~fb$^{-1}$, recorded by the LHCb experiment. The individual $CP$-violating asymmetries are measured to be \\begin{eqnarray*} \\mathcal{A}_{CP}^{D^{\\pm}\\rightarrow K^0_S K^{\\pm}} & = & (+0.03 \\pm 0.17 \\pm 0.14) \\% \\\\ \\mathcal{A}_{CP}^{D^{\\pm}_s\\rightarrow K^0_S \\pi^{\\pm}} & = & (+0.38 \\pm 0.46 \\pm 0.17) \\%, \\end{eqnarray*} assuming that $CP$ violation in the Cabibbo-favoured decays is negligible. A combination of the measured asymmetries for the four decay modes $D^{\\pm}_{(s)}\\rightarrow K^0_S K^{\\pm}$ and $D^{\\pm}_{(s)}\\rightarrow K^0_S \\pi^{\\pm}$ gives the sum \\[ \\mathcal{A}_{CP}^{D^{\\pm}\\rightarrow K^0_S K^{\\pm}}+ \\mathcal{A}_{CP}^{D^{\\pm}_s\\rightarrow K^0_S \\pi^{\\pm}} = (+0.41 \\pm 0.49 \\pm 0.26) \\%. \\] In all cases, the first uncertainties are statistical and the second sys...

  15. Enhanced persistent red luminescence in Mn2+-doped (Mg,Zn)GeO3 by electron trap and conduction band engineering

    Science.gov (United States)

    Katayama, Yumiko; Kayumi, Tomohiro; Ueda, Jumpei; Tanabe, Setsuhisa

    2018-05-01

    The effect of Zn substitution on the persistent luminescence properties of MgGeO3:Mn2+-Ln3+ (Ln = Eu and Yb) red phosphors was investigated. The intensity of the persistent luminescence of the Eu3+ co-doped phosphors increased with increasing Zn content, whereas that of the Yb3+ co-doped samples decreased. For both series of lanthanide co-doped samples, the thermoluminescence (TL) glow peak shifted to the lower temperature side with increasing Zn content. These persistent luminescence properties were well explained in terms of lowering of the bottom of the conduction band relative to the ground state of the divalent lanthanide ions. Especially, in Eu3+ co-doped system, TL peak shifted from 520 K to 318 K by 50% Zn substitution. The persistent radiance of the (Mg0.5 Zn0.5)GeO3: Mn2+-Eu3+ sample at 1 h after ceasing UV light was 46 times stronger than that of MgGeO3:Mn2+-Eu3+, and 11 times stronger than that of ZnGa2O4: Cr3+ standard deep red persistent phosphor.

  16. Conduction electron spin resonance in the α-Yb1−xFexAlB4 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.50) and α-LuAlB4 compounds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Holanda, L M; Lesseux, G G; Urbano, R R; Rettori, C; Pagliuso, P G; Magnavita, E T; Ribeiro, R A; Nakatsuji, S; Kuga, K; Fisk, Z; Oseroff, S B

    2015-01-01

    β-YbAlB 4 has become one of the most studied heavy fermion systems since its discovery due to its remarkable physical properties. This system is the first reported Yb-based heavy-fermion superconductor (HFS) for which the low-T superconducting state emerges from a non-fermi-liquid (NFL) normal state associated with quantum criticality Nakatsuji et al 2008 Nature 4 603. Additionally, it presents a striking and unprecedented electron spin resonance (ESR) signal which behaves as a conduction electron spin resonance (CESR) at high temperatures and acquires features of the Yb 3+ local moment ESR at low temperatures. The latter, also named Kondo quasiparticles spin resonance (KQSR), has been defined as a 4f-ce strongly coupled ESR mode that behaves as a local probe of the Kondo quasiparticles in a quantum critical regime, Holanda et al 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 026402. Interestingly, β-YbAlB 4 possesses a previously known structural variant, namely the α-YbAlB 4 , phase which is a paramagnetic Fermi liquid (FL) at low temperatures Macaluso et al 2007 Chem. Mater. 19 1918. However, it has been recently suggested that the α-YbAlB 4 phase may be tuned to NFL behavior and/or magnetic ordering as the compound is doped with Fe. Here we report ESR studies on the α-Yb 1−x Fe x AlB 4 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.50) series as well as on the reference compound α-LuAlB 4 . For all measured samples, the observed ESR signal behaves as a CESR in the entire temperature range (10 K ≲ T ≲ 300 K) in clear contrast with what has been observed for β-YbAlB 4 . This striking result indicates that the proximity to a quantum critical point is crucial to the occurrence of a KQSR signal. (paper)

  17. Utilization of IR laser pumped anti-Stokes emission of Er-Yb doped systems for identification of securities

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuzmin, A.N.; Ryabtsev, G.I.; Ketko, G.A.; Gorelenko, A.Yu.; Demidovich, A.A.; Strek, W.; Maruszewicz, K.; Deren, P.

    1996-01-01

    In this paper we present a utilization of anti-Stokes luminescence of Er-Yb systems for identification of securities. A simple method of detection of an up-conversion phenomenon in such system by means of IR laser operating in the region 960-1010 nm is proposed. (author)

  18. Yb-based heavy fermion compounds and field tuned quantum chemistry

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mun, Eundeok [Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA (United States)

    2010-01-01

    The motivation of this dissertation was to advance the study of Yb-based heavy fermion (HF) compounds especially ones related to quantum phase transitions. One of the topics of this work was the investigation of the interaction between the Kondo and crystalline electric field (CEF) energy scales in Yb-based HF systems by means of thermoelectric power (TEP) measurements. In these systems, the Kondo interaction and CEF excitations generally give rise to large anomalies such as maxima in ρ(T) and as minima in S(T). The TEP data were use to determine the evolution of Kondo and CEF energy scales upon varying transition metals for YbT2Zn20 (T = Fe, Ru, Os, Ir, Rh, and Co) compounds and applying magnetic fields for YbAgGe and YbPtBi. For YbT2Zn20 and YbPtBi, the Kondo and CEF energy scales could not be well separated in S(T), presumably because of small CEF level splittings. A similar effect was observed for the magnetic contribution to the resistivity. For YbAgGe, S(T) has been successfully applied to determine the Kondo and CEF energy scales due to the clear separation between the ground state and thermally excited CEF states. The Kondo temperature, TK, inferred from the local maximum in S(T), remains finite as magnetic field increases up to 140 kOe. In this dissertation we have examined the heavy quasi-particle behavior, found near the field tuned AFM quantum critical point (QCP), with YbAgGe and YbPtBi. Although the observed nFL behaviors in the vicinity of the QCP are different between YbAgGe and YbPtBi, the constructed H-T phase diagram including the two crossovers are similar. For both YbAgGe and YbPtBi, the details of the quantum criticality turn out to be complicated. We expect that YbPtBi will provide an additional example of field tuned quantum criticality, but clearly there are further experimental investigations left and more ideas needed to understand the basic physics of field-induced quantum

  19. Magnetic structure of the YbMn2SbBi compound

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Morozkin, A.V.; Manfrinetti, P.

    2011-01-01

    Graphical abstract: Display Omitted Research highlights: → A neutron diffraction investigation in zero applied field of La 2 O 2 S-type YbMn 2 SbBi shows antiferromagnetic ordering below 138(3) K and ferrimagnetic ordering below 112(3) K. → Between 138 and 112 K, the magnetic structure of YbMn 2 SbBi consists of antiferromagnetically coupled ab-plane magnetic moments of the manganese atoms (D 1d magnetic point group). → Below 112(3) K, the magnetic structure of YbMn 2 SbBi becames the sum antiferromagnetic component with D 1d magnetic point group and ferromagnetic one with C 2 magnetic point group. → The magnitude of Yb and Mn magnetic moments in YbMn 2 SbBi at 2 K (M Yb = 3.6(2) μ B , M Mn = 3.5(2) μ B ) correspond to the trivalent state of the Yb ions and tetravalent state of the Mn ions. - Abstract: A neutron diffraction investigation has been carried out on the trigonal La 2 O 2 S-type (hP5, space group P3-bar ml, No. 164; also CaAl 2 Si 2 -type) YbMn 2 SbBi intermetallic compound. The YbMn 2 SbBi presents antiferromagnetic ordering below 138(3) K and ferrimagnetic ordering below 112(3) K. Between 138 and 112 K, the magnetic structure of YbMn 2 SbBi consists of antiferromagnetically coupled ab-plane magnetic moments of the manganese atoms (D 1d magnetic point group). Below 112(3) K, the ferromagnetic components of Yb and Mn begin to develop, and the magnetic structure of YbMn 2 SbBi becames the sum antiferromagnetic component with D 1d magnetic point group and ferromagnetic one with C 2 magnetic point group. The magnitude of Yb and Mn magnetic moments in YbMn 2 SbBi at 2 K (M Yb = 3.6(2) μ B , M Mn = 3.5(2) μ B ) correspond to the trivalent state of the Yb ions and tetravalent state of the Mn ions.

  20. A mass spectrometric study of the neutral and ionic vapor components of ytterbium chlorides; formation enthalpies of YbCl2 and YbCl3 molecules, and YbCl3- and YbCl4- ions in the gas phase

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuznetsov, F.Yh.; Kudin, L.S.; Pogrebnoj, A.M.; Butman, M.F.; Burdukovskaya, G.G.

    1997-01-01

    Ionic and neutral components of saturated vapour over the ytterbium di-and trichloride is studied through the Knudsen effusive method with mass-spectromic registration of evaporated products within the temperature range of 1000-1300 K. It is found that ytterbium trichloride is subjected to thermal decomposition with formation of ytterbium dichloride and molecular chloride. Sublimation enthalpy and enthalpy of YbCl 2 and YbCl 3 molecules formation in a gaseous phase at 298 K, comprising 356±6, 293±8, -425±6 and -667±6 kJ/mole correspondingly, are determined with application of 2 and 3 thermodynamical laws. Enthalpies of YbCl 3 - and YbCl 4 - negative ions formation in a gaseous phase at 298 K equal to -895 and -1211±30 kJ/mole correspondingly are calculated by measured equilibrium constants ion-molecular reaction. 30 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs

  1. Incorporation and conduction of proton in Sr-doped LaMO3 (M=Al, Sc, In, Yb, Y)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Okuyama, Yuji; Kozai, Takeshi; Ikeda, Shohei; Matsuka, Maki; Sakai, Takaaki; Matsumoto, Hiroshige

    2014-01-01

    In order to clarify the effect of the B site species in ABO 3 perovskite oxides on the proton transport properties, the proton incorporation into a series of La 0.9 Sr 0.1 MO 3-δ , (M = Al, Sc, In, Yb, Y) was studied by measuring the electrical conductivity and electromotive forces of the gas concentration cells, and by a thermogravimetric analysis. The proton concentration and electrical conductivity increased in the order of the B site species, Al 0.9 Sr 0.1 AlO 3-δ showed an oxide ion conductivity, while La 0.9 Sr 0.1 YbO 3-δ and La 0.9 Sr 0.1 YO 3-δ exhibited a protonic conductivity in the temperature range of 573–1173 K. La 0.9 Sr 0.1 ScO 3-δ and La 0.9 Sr 0.1 InO 3-δ showed a protonic conductivity under 873 K, and a mixed proton and oxide ion conductivity at 1073 K

  2. Third-order nonlinearity of Er3+-doped lead phosphate glass

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Santos, C. C. [Universidade Federal do Ceara, Ceara, Brazil; Guedes Da Silva, Ilde [ORNL; Siqueira, J. P. [Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Misoguti, L. [Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Zilio, S. C. [Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Boatner, Lynn A [ORNL

    2010-01-01

    The third-order optical susceptibility and dispersion of the linear refractive index of Er3+-doped lead phosphate glass were measured in the wavelength range between 400 and 1940 nm by using the spectrally resolved femtosecond Maker fringes technique. The nonlinear refractive index obtained from the third-order susceptibility was found to be five times higher than that of silica, indicating that Er3+-doped lead phosphate glass is a potential candidate to be used as the base component for the fabrication of photonic devices. For comparison purposes, the Z-scan technique was also employed to obtain the values of the nonlinear refractive index of E-doped lead phosphate glass at several wavelengths, and the values obtained using the two techniques agree to within 15%.

  3. YB0 SERVICES INSTALLATION COMPLETED

    CERN Document Server

    The beauty of the completed YB0 was briefly visible at P5 as preparations continue for Tracker installation. A tremendous effort, lasting 7 months and involving more than 100 workers on the busiest days, resulted in 5700 electrical cables, 780 optical cables with 65k fibre channels, and 550 pipes laid on YB0 for HB, EB and Tracker.

  4. New members of the A2 M ‧ M2″ structure family (A=Ca, Sr, Yb, La; M ‧ = In , Sn , Pb; M ″ = Si , Ge)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jehle, Michael; Dürr, Ines; Fink, Saskia; Lang, Britta; Langenmaier, Michael; Steckhan, Julia; Röhr, Caroline

    2015-01-01

    The new mixed tetrelides Sr2PbGe2 and Yb2SnGe2, several mixed Ca/Sr (AII) germanides A2II (Sn, Pb)Ge2 and two polymorphs of La2 InSi2 represent new members of the general structure family of ternary alkaline-earth/lanthanoid main group silicides/germanides A2 M ‧ M2″ (M ‧ = In , Sn , Pb ; M ″ = Si , Ge). All compounds were synthesized from melts of the elements and their crystal structures have been determined by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction. Sr2PbGe2 (Cmmm, a=402.36(11), b=1542.3(4), c=463.27(10) pm) crystallizes with the Mn2AlB2 -type structure. In exhibiting infinite planar Ge zig-zag chains, it represents one border of the compound series. The other borderline case, where only [Ge2 ] dumbbells are left as Ge building units, is represented by the Ca/Yb tin germanides Ca2SnGe2 and Yb2SnGe2 (Mo2FeB2 -type; P4/mbm, a=748.58(13)/740.27(7), c=445.59(8)/435.26(5) pm). In between these two border structures compounds with variable Si/Ge chain lengths could be obtained by varying the averaged size of the AII cations: Ca0.45Sr1.55PbGe2 (new structure type; Pbam, a=791.64(5), b=2311.2(2), c=458.53(3) pm) contains planar six-membered chain segments [Ge6 ]. Tetrameric pieces [Ge4 ] are the conspicuous structure elements in Ca1.16Sr0.84SnGe2 and La2 InSi2 (La2InNi2 -type; Pbam, a=781.01(2)/762.01(13), b=1477.95(3)/1494.38(6), c=457.004(9)/442.1(3) pm). The tetragonal form of 'La2 In Si2‧ (exact composition: La2In1.07Si1.93, P4/mbm, a=1309.11(12), c=443.32(4) pm) also crystallizes in a new structure type, containing only [Si3 ] trimers as cutouts of the planar chains. In all structures the Si/Ge zig-zag chains/chain segments are connected by In/Sn/Pb atoms to form planar M layers, which are separated by pure A layers. Band structure calculations within the FP-LAPW DFT approach together with the Zintl formalism, extended by the presence of hypervalent bonding of the heavier M ‧ elements, give insight into the chemical bonding of this series of p

  5. Microscopic analysis of shape transition in neutron-deficient Yb isotopes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fu, Y.; Tong, H.; Wang, X. F.; Wang, H.; Wang, D. Q.; Wang, X. Y.; Yao, J. M.

    2018-01-01

    The development of nuclear collectivity in even-even Yb-170152 is studied with three types of mean-field calculations: the nonrelativistic Hartree-Fock plus BCS calculation using the Skyrme SLy4 force plus a density-dependent δ pairing force and the relativistic mean-field calculation using a point-coupling energy functional supplemented with either a density-independent δ pairing force or a separable pairing force. The low-lying states are obtained by solving a five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian with parameters determined from the three mean-field solutions. The energy surfaces, excitation energies, electric multiple transition strengths, and differential isotope shifts are presented in comparison with available data. Our results show that different treatments of pairing correlations have a significant influence on the speed of developing collectivity as the increase of neutron number. All the calculations demonstrate the important role of dynamic shape-mixing effects in resolving the puzzle in the dramatic increase of charge radius from 152Yb to 154Yb and the role of triaxiality in Yb 160 ,162 ,164 .

  6. Comparative study of scintillation properties of RE doped NaPO3-Al(PO3)3 glasses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuro, Tomoaki; Yanagida, Takayuki; Okada, Go; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Masai, Hirokazu

    2015-01-01

    We systematically investigated photoluminescence (PL), scintillation and dosimeter properties of rare-earth (RE) doped NaPO 3 -Al(PO 3 ) 3 (NAP) glasses. Ag-doped NAP glass is widely used for individual radiation dosimeter, however, there have been few reports on studies about NAP glasses when RE ions are doped as the luminescence center. The NAP glasses doped with 0.3 wt% RE (La∼Yb) were prepared by the conventional melt-quenching method. PL decay time and scintillation decay time profiles showed fast (ns) and slow (μs or ms) components: the fast components were from several tens to 100 ns due to the host emission or 5d-4f transition emission, and the slow component from few μs to few ms was caused by 4f-4f transition emission of RE 3+ . Thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) was evaluated as a dosimeter property, and glow peaks appeared around 400degC in all the samples. The TSL dose response function was examined in the dose range from 10 mGy to 10 Gy, and good linearity was observed in RE-doped NAP glasses. (author)

  7. Construction of a system for up-conversion detection in vitroceramics doped with rare earths

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Santa Cruz, P.A.; Azevedo, W.M. de; Sa, G.F. de

    1983-01-01

    A system capable of detecting up-conversion processes by energy transference or cooperative luminescence was developed. Pulverized vitroceramic samples containing PbF 2 and GeO 2 , doped with Yb 2 O 3 as sensitizer and Tm 2 O 3 or Er 2 O 3 as activator, were used. A diagram of the detection system, as well as graphs showing the variation of the emission intensity of these doped vitroceramics as a function of excitation intensity (970 mn), are presented. (C.L.B.) [pt

  8. Unusual antiferromagnetic structure of YbCo{sub 2}Si{sub 2}

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mufti, N. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Dresden (Germany); Department of Physics, State University of Malang, Malang (Indonesia); Kaneko, K. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Dresden (Germany); Quantum Beam Science Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai (Japan); Hoser, A. [Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fuer Materialien und Energie, Berlin (Germany); Gutmann, M. [ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot (United Kingdom); Geibel, C.; Stockert, O. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Dresden (Germany); Krellner, C. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Dresden (Germany); Physikalisches Institut, Goethe-Universitaet Frankfurt, Frankfurt (Germany)

    2016-07-01

    We report on extensive powder and single crystal neutron diffraction experiments to study the magnetic structure in YbCo{sub 2}Si{sub 2} below the Neel temperature T{sub N} = 1.7 K in detail. Representation analysis has been used to find the possible magnetic structure models compatible with the experiments. Two different magnetically ordered phases can clearly be distinguished. At lowest temperatures a commensurate magnetic structure with a propagation vector k{sub 1} = (0.25 0.25 1) and equal moments or about 1.4 μ{sub B}/Yb is found, while the intermediate phase (T > 0.9 K) is characterized by an incommensurate amplitude-modulated magnetic structure with k{sub 2} = (0.25 0.086 1). The magnetic structure in YbCo{sub 2}Si{sub 2} is in stark contrast to all other compounds of the RCo{sub 2}Si{sub 2} family (R = rare earth element) likely due to some itineracy of the Yb 4f states being responsible for the magnetism.

  9. Laser-Induced Damage with Femtosecond Pulses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kafka, Kyle R. P.

    ) and femtosecond (33 fs) regimes for a large number of optics contributed by manufacturers globally. The damage performance of the mirrors in the 150 ps tests was shown to be uncorrelated with the 33 fs tests, which implies that the two regimes are guided by different mechanisms. In fact, one of the worst-performing mirrors in the long-pulse regime turned out to be the best-performer in the femtosecond regime. The broad array of experimental results presented here all found that LID in the femtosecond regime is distinctly different from long pulse damage, and paves multiple pathways into developing the next stage of theoretical models and applications of femtosecond laser-induced damage.

  10. Up-conversion routines of Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} doped Y{sub 6}O{sub 5}F{sub 8} and YOF phosphors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Park, Sangmoon, E-mail: spark@silla.ac.kr [Center for Green Fusion Technology and Department of Engineering in Energy & Applied Chemistry, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Yang, Wonseok; Park, Chu-Young; Noh, Minhee; Choi, Seulki [Center for Green Fusion Technology and Department of Engineering in Energy & Applied Chemistry, Silla University, Busan 617-736 (Korea, Republic of); Park, Dahye; Jang, Ho Seong; Cho, So-Hye [Center for Materials Architecturing, Institute of Multidisciplinary Convergence of Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-650 (Korea, Republic of)

    2015-11-15

    Highlights: • Single-phase optical materials of Y{sub 6}O{sub 5}F{sub 8}:Er and YOF:Er were prepared. • Effective spectral converting properties were observed in Y{sub 6}O{sub 5}F{sub 8}:Er,Yb. • 980 nm diode laser was irradiated for up-converting analysis. • A multi-photon process in the phosphors was investigated. - Abstract: Optical materials composed of a Y{sub 6(1−p−q)}Er{sub 6p}Yb{sub 6q}O{sub 5}F{sub 8} (p = 0.001–0.1, q = 0.005–0.1) solid solution with Y{sub 0.99}Er{sub 0.01}OF were prepared via a solid-state reaction using excess NH{sub 4}F flux at 950 °C for 30 min. X-ray diffraction patterns of Y{sub 6(1−p−q)}Er{sub 6p}Yb{sub 6q}O{sub 5}F{sub 8} and Y{sub 0.99}Er{sub 0.01}OF were compared upon altering the synthesis temperature and the molar ratio of the NH{sub 4}F flux to the Y{sup 3+} (Er{sup 3+}, Yb{sup 3+}) ions. The effective spectral-conversion properties of Er{sup 3+} and Er{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} ions in Y{sub 6}O{sub 5}F{sub 8} phosphors were monitored during excitation with a 980 nm wavelength diode-laser. Selection of appropriate Er{sup 3+} and/or Yb{sup 3+} concentrations in the Y{sub 6}O{sub 5}F{sub 8} structure led to achievement of the desired up-conversion emission, from the green to the red regions of the spectra. Furthermore, the mechanism of up-conversion in the phosphors was described by an energy-level schematic. Up-conversion emission spectra and the dependence of the emission intensity on pump power (between 193 and 310 mW) in the Y{sub 6(0.995−q)}Er{sub 0.03}Yb{sub 6q}O{sub 5}F{sub 8} phosphors were also investigated.

  11. Identification and characterization of NF-YB family genes in tung tree.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Susu; Wang, Yangdong; Yin, Hengfu; Guo, Haobo; Gao, Ming; Zhu, Huiping; Chen, Yicun

    2015-12-01

    The NF-YB transcription factor gene family encodes a subunit of the CCAAT box-binding factor (CBF), a highly conserved trimeric activator that strongly binds to the CCAAT box promoter element. Studies on model plants have shown that NF-YB proteins participate in important developmental and physiological processes, but little is known about NF-YB proteins in trees. Here, we identified seven NF-YB transcription factor-encoding genes in Vernicia fordii, an important oilseed tree in China. A phylogenetic analysis separated the genes into two groups; non-LEC1 type (VfNF-YB1, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13) and LEC1-type (VfNF-YB 14). A gene structure analysis showed that VfNF-YB 5 has three introns and the other genes have no introns. The seven VfNF-YB sequences contain highly conserved domains, a disordered region at the N terminus, and two long helix structures at the C terminus. Phylogenetic analyses showed that VfNF-YB family genes are highly homologous to GmNF-YB genes, and many of them are closely related to functionally characterized NF-YBs. In expression analyses of various tissues (root, stem, leaf, and kernel) and the root during pathogen infection, VfNF-YB1, 5, and 11 were dominantly expressed in kernels, and VfNF-YB7 and 9 were expressed only in the root. Different VfNF-YB family genes showed different responses to pathogen infection, suggesting that they play different roles in the pathogen response. Together, these findings represent the first extensive evaluation of the NF-YB family in tung tree and provide a foundation for dissecting the functions of VfNF-YB genes in seed development, stress adaption, fatty acid synthesis, and pathogen response.

  12. Properties of the divalent-Yb compound YbAu{sub 2}Si{sub 2} under extreme conditions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kaštil, J.; Míšek, M.; Kamarád, J.; Arnold, Z. [Institute of Physics AS CR, v.v.i., Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague 8 (Czech Republic); Vlášková, K. [Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116 Prague 2 (Czech Republic); Prchal, J., E-mail: prchal@karlov.mff.cuni.cz [Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116 Prague 2 (Czech Republic); Diviš, M.; Doležal, P.; Prokleška, J.; Valenta, J.; Fikáček, J.; Rudajevová, A.; Kriegner, D. [Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Ke Karlovu 5, 12116 Prague 2 (Czech Republic)

    2017-01-15

    Polycrystalline YbAu{sub 2}Si{sub 2} has been prepared by arc melting and a non-standard anisotropic thermal expansion is observed at low temperatures. A non-magnetic Yb{sup 2+} valence state is derived from magnetization, magnetic-susceptibility, heat-capacity and electrical-conductivity measurements in the temperature range from 0.3 to 300 K and at external pressures up to 3.2 GPa. By both experimental and theoretical investigations, YbAu{sub 2}Si{sub 2} is confirmed to be a system with a weak electron-electron correlations and a small electron-phonon interaction. Application of hydrostatic pressure does not reveal any change of state in the range of applied pressures.

  13. Waveguides fabricated by femtosecond laser exploiting both depressed cladding and stress-induced guiding core.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dong, Ming-Ming; Wang, Cheng-Wei; Wu, Zheng-Xiang; Zhang, Yang; Pan, Huai-Hai; Zhao, Quan-Zhong

    2013-07-01

    We report on the fabrication of stress-induced optical channel waveguides and waveguide splitters with laser-depressed cladding by femtosecond laser. The laser beam was focused into neodymium doped phosphate glass by an objective producing a destructive filament. By moving the sample along an enclosed routine in the horizontal plane followed by a minor descent less than the filament length in the vertical direction, a cylinder with rarified periphery and densified center region was fabricated. Lining up the segments in partially overlapping sequence enabled waveguiding therein. The refractive-index contrast, near- and far-field mode distribution and confocal microscope fluorescence image of the waveguide were obtained. 1-to-2, 1-to-3 and 1-to-4 splitters were also machined with adjustable splitting ratio. Compared with traditional femtosecond laser writing methods, waveguides prepared by this approach showed controllable mode conduction, strong field confinement, large numerical aperture, low propagation loss and intact core region.

  14. Fingermark detection on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces using NaYF4:Er,Yb up-converter particles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ma, Rongliang; Bullock, Elicia; Maynard, Philip; Reedy, Brian; Shimmon, Ronald; Lennard, Chris; Roux, Claude; McDonagh, Andrew

    2011-04-15

    This article describes the first use of an anti-Stokes material, or up-converter, for the development of latent fingermarks on a range of non-porous surfaces. Anti-Stokes materials can absorb long-wavelength light and emit light at a shorter wavelength. This property is unusual in both natural and artificial materials and so fingermark detection techniques based on anti-Stokes luminescence are potentially sensitive and selective. Latent fingermarks on luminescent and non-luminescent substrates, including Australian polymer banknotes (a well-known 'difficult' surface), were developed with sodium yttrium tetrafluoride doped with erbium and ytterbium (NaYF(4):Er,Yb) by dry powder, wet powder, and cyanoacrylate staining techniques. This study illustrates the potential of up-converter phosphors for the detection of latent fingermarks. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  15. Spectroscopic properties and quenching processes of Yb3+ in Fluoride single crystals for laser applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bensalah, A.; Ito, M.; Guyot, Y.; Goutaudier, C.; Jouini, A.; Brenier, A.; Sato, H.; Fukuda, T.; Boulon, G.

    2007-01-01

    Spectroscopic characterization is carried out to identify Stark's levels of Yb 3+ transitions in several fluoride crystals grown either by the Czochralski technique or by the laser-heated pedestal growth method. Yb 3+ concentration dependence of the decay time is analyzed in order to understand involved concentration quenching mechanisms. Laser tests under saphire:Ti pumping are presented for all our materials as well as under diode pumping for Yb:CaF 2

  16. Neodymium-doped phosphate fiber lasers with an all-solid microstructured inner cladding.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Guang; Zhou, Qinling; Yu, Chunlei; Hu, Lili; Chen, Danping

    2012-06-15

    We report on high-power fiber lasers based on index-guiding, all-solid neodymium-doped (Nd-doped) phosphate photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a hexagonal-shaped inner cladding. The optimum fiber laser with a 36 cm length active fiber, generated up to 7.92 W output power at 1053 nm, which benefited from a high absorption coefficient for pump power due to its noncircular inner cladding. The guiding properties of the all-solid PCF were also investigated. A stable mode with a donut-shaped profile and a power-dependent laser beam quality have been observed experimentally and analyzed.

  17. Development of Yb-169 radiation source for new nondestructive inspection

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamabayashi, Hisamichi

    1994-01-01

    As the nondestructive inspection method for large structures, there has been radiography, and X-ray and γ-ray have been used as the radiation. The transmissivity of radiation through materials changes by the energy of the radiation and the density and thickness of the materials. At present about 880 γ-ray radiography apparatuses are used in Japanese private enterprises, and about 70% of them use 192 Ir γ-ray sources, and about 30% use 60 Co or 137 Cs sources. Recently the defect inspection for the worlded parts of thin wall small tubes and so on have become to be regarded as important, and the 169 Yb source that emits lower energy γ-ray is suitable to the purpose. There are many reports that 169 Yb radiography was applied successfully. As the 169 Yb radiation source, pellets and balls are on the market. 169 Yb is made by the neutron irradiation of 168 Yb in nuclear reactors. The characteristics of 169 Yb, the manufacture of 169 Yb radiation sources and the applicability of 169 Yb radiation sources to nondestructive inspection are reported. Also in Japan, many basic experiments on 169 Yb radiation sources have been carried out, and the irradiation apparatuses are small and light, and the control area can be set small. (K.I.)

  18. Fabrication and evaluation of chitosan/NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} upconversion nanoparticles composite beads based on the gelling of Pickering emulsion droplets

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yan, Huiqiong; Chen, Xiuqiong; Shi, Jia; Shi, Zaifeng; Sun, Wei; Lin, Qiang, E-mail: linqianggroup@163.com; Wang, Xianghui; Dai, Zihao

    2017-02-01

    The rare earth ion doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) synthesized by hydrophobic organic ligands possess poor solubility and low fluorescence quantum yield in aqueous media. To conquer this issue, NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} UCNPs, synthesized by a hydrothermal method, were coated with F127 and then assembled with chitosan to fabricate the chitosan/NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} composite beads (CS/NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} CBs) by Pickering emulsion system. The characterization results revealed that the as-synthesized NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} UCNPs with an average size of 20 nm exhibited spherical morphology, high crystallinity and characteristic emission upconversion fluorescence with an overall blue color output. The NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} UCNPs were successfully conjugated on the surface of chitosan beads by the gelling of emulsion droplets. The resultant CS/NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} CBs showed good upconversion luminescent property, drug-loading capacity, release performance and excellent biocompatibility, exhibiting great potentials in targeted drug delivery and tissue engineering with potential tracking capability and lasting release performance. - Highlights: • NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} UCNPs were coated by F127 to improve aqueous dispersibility. • NaYF{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+}/Tm{sup 3+} UCNPs were assembled with chitosan to fabricate the composite beads (CMs). • Pickering emulsions stabilized by UCNPs exhibited uniform and satisfactory emulsion droplets. • The CMs prepared by the gelling of emulsion droplet preserved upconversion luminescent property. • The resultant CMs showed good drug-loading capacity, release performance and biocompatibility.

  19. Laser-diode pumped 40-W Yb:YAG ceramic laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hao, Qiang; Li, Wenxue; Pan, Haifeng; Zhang, Xiaoyi; Jiang, Benxue; Pan, Yubai; Zeng, Heping

    2009-09-28

    We demonstrated a high-power continuous-wave (CW) polycrystalline Yb:YAG ceramic laser pumped by fiber-pigtailed laser diode at 968 nm with 400 mum fiber core. The Yb:YAG ceramic laser performance was compared for different Yb(3+) ion concentrations in the ceramics by using a conventional end-pump laser cavity consisting of two flat mirrors with output couplers of different transmissions. A CW laser output of 40 W average power with M(2) factor of 5.8 was obtained with 5 mol% Yb concentration under 120 W incident pump power. This is to the best of our knowledge the highest output power in end-pumped bulk Yb:YAG ceramic laser.

  20. Parameters of thermoelectric power and electronic structure of Yb-based compounds of YbM2X2(M=Fe,Co,Ni,Cu; X=Si,Ge) type

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Levin, E.M.; Kuzhel', B.S.

    1990-01-01

    Thermoelectric power of Yb-based intermetallic alloys YbM 2 Si 2 (M-Co,Ni,Cu) and YbM 2 Ge 2 (M=Fe,Co,Ni) have been investigated and found to have anomalous low-temperature peaks conditioned by intermediate Yb valency. Calculation of electronic structure parameters performed in frames of the localized Fermi-liquid model using experimental data on the thermoelectric power is in good agreement with results of YbCu 2 Si 2 band structure calculation based on the experimental value of the electronic heat capacity with regard for the (2J+1) - fold Yb 2+ degeneration

  1. Yb{sup 3+},Er{sup 3+},Eu{sup 3+}-codoped YVO{sub 4} material for bioimaging with dual mode excitation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Thao, Chu Thi Bich [Department of Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Huy, Bui The [Department of Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, K7/25 Quang Trung, Da Nang (Viet Nam); Sharipov, Mirkomil [Department of Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Jin-Ik. [Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Dao, Van-Duong [Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764 (Korea, Republic of); Moon, Ja-Young [Department of Biochemistry and Health Science, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Yong-Ill, E-mail: yilee@changwon.ac.kr [Department of Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773 (Korea, Republic of)

    2017-06-01

    We propose an efficient bioimaging strategy using Yb{sup 3+},Er{sup 3+},Eu{sup 3+}-triplet doped YVO{sub 4} nanoparticles which were synthesized with polymer as a template. The obtained particles possess nanoscale, uniform, and flexible excitation. The effect of Eu{sup 3+} ions on the luminescence properties of YVO{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+},Er{sup 3+},Eu{sup 3+} was investigated. The upconversion mechanism of the prepared material was also discussed. The structure and optical properties of the prepared material were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) upconversion and photoluminescence spectra. The Commission International de I′Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates was investigated to confirm the performance of color luminescent emission. The prepared YVO{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+},Er{sup 3+},Eu{sup 3+} nanoparticles could be easily dispersed in water by surface modification with cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH). The aqueous dispersion of the modified YVO{sub 4}:Yb{sup 3+},Er{sup 3+},Eu{sup 3+} exhibits bright upconversion and downconversion luminescence and has been applied for bioimaging of HeLa cells. Our developed material with dual excitation offers a promising advance in bioimaging. - Highlights: • Prepared particles possess nanoscale size, uniform, and larger scale. • The material exhibits strong emission under dual mode excitations. • The surface material has been applied for bioimaging of HeLa cell. • Low cytotoxicity, no auto-fluorescence.

  2. The contribution of valence unstable ytterbium states into kinetic properties of YbNi2-xGe2+x and YbCu2-xSi2+x

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuzhel, B.C.; Shcherba, I.D.; Kravchenko, I.I.

    2006-01-01

    The intermetalic YbNi 2-x Ge 2+x (-0.25>=x>=0.25) and YbCu 2-x Si 2+x (-0.20>=x>=0.20) alloy systems (CeGa 2 Al 2 -type crystal structure) were studied by measuring X-ray absorption and diffraction at room temperatures as well as electrical resistivity and thermopower in the 4.2-300K temperature range. The temperature dependence of the contribution of valence unstable Yb ions to the total electrical resistance has been analyzed. The qualitative estimation of this contribution has been performed by utilizing the following equation:Δρ Yb (T)=ρ exp (T)-ρ YbCu 2 Ge 2 (T)-Δρ 4.2K ,where Δρ YbCu 2 Ge 2 (T) is the temperature dependence of YbCu 2 Ge 2 electrical resistance, Δρ 4.2 =ρ 4.2 (exp)-ρ 4.2 (YbCu 2 Ge 2 )

  3. Affinity of 169Yb, 67Ga and 111In for malignant tumor, (1)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ando, Itsuko

    1975-01-01

    The tumor affinity of 169 Yb-citrate, 67 Ga-citrate and 111 In-citrate was examined by using Yoshida sarcoma-bearing rats, and the affinity of these compounds for inflammation was also tested using rats with inflammation induced by croton oil injection. In this investigation there was no great difference in uptake by the tumor tissue of these compounds, but a great difference was observed in the retention value of the blood and uptake rate in the bone. 169 Yb-citrate was cleared rapidly from the blood and was taken mostly into the bone. So the retention values in the soft tissues became very small. On the other hand, 111 In-citrate was slowly and only slightly taken into the bone from the blood, so the retention values in the soft tissue remained relatively high. 67 Ga-citrate showed the intermediate value between the bone uptake rate of 169 Yb-citrate and that of 111 In-citrate. In the following experiments, 169 Yb-citrate and 67 Ga-citrate were compared in four strains: Yoshida sarcoma, Walker carcinosarcoma 256, Sarcoma 180, and Ehrlich tumor. The uptake rate of 169 Yb in tumor tissue was much larger than that of 67 Ga in Ehrlich tumor-bearing mice, but the value of 169 Yb was slightly smaller than those of 67 Ga in Yoshida sarcoma-bearing rats, Walker carcinosarcoma 256-bearing rats and Sarcoma 180-bearing mice. Tumor to organ ratios of 169 Yb, which were most important for tumor scanning, were much larger than those of 67 Ga in all four strains except tumor to bone ratios of 169 Yb. From the above-described facts, it was shown that 169 Yb-citrate had a stronger tumor affinity than 67 Ga-citrate and that the tumor affinity of 169 Yb-citrate was similar in these four strains of tumor bearing animals. These three compounds had a relatively strong affinity with the inflammatory tissue. (auth.)

  4. Instability of Yb3+ and Pr3+ low-symmetry luminescence centers in gallium phosphide

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kasatkin, V.A.

    1985-01-01

    The stability of γb 3+ and Pr 3+ low-symmetry luminescence centers formed in gallium phosphide during quenching were studied in the process of durable storage and annealing. Observation of the Yb 3+ and Pr 3+ centrer states was accomplished by the photoluminescence spectra at 18 K. It has been established that annealing in the dark under normal conditions results in a reduced integral luminescence intensity of all low-symmetry Yb 3+ and Pr 3+ centers. Annealing of quenched GaP and GaP saples at 400 K results in complete disappearance of intracenter luminescence of Pr 3+ and low-symmetry Yb 3+ centers. Decomposition during storage and low anealing temperature point to the instability of low-symmetry centers of Pr 3+ and Yb 3+ luminescence

  5. Laser-cooling effects in few-ion clouds of Yb+

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Edwards, C.S.; Gill, P.; Klein, H.A.; Levick, A.P.; Rowley, W.R.C.

    1994-01-01

    We report some laser-cooling effects in a few 172 Yb + ions held in a Paul trap. Pronounced cloud-to-crystal phase transitions have been observed as discontinuities in the Yb + fluorescence spectrum of the 369 nm cooling transition. The first reported two-dimensional images of Yb + clouds with evidence of crystal structure have been recorded using a photon-counting position-sensitive detector. An ion temperature of 100 mK has been estimated from the size of a single ion image. Stepwise cooling of a re-heated, few-ion Yb + cloud was also observed. (orig.)

  6. Bombyx mori silk protein films microprocessing with a nanosecond ultraviolet laser and a femtosecond laser workstation: theory and experiments

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lazare, S.; Sionkowska, A.; Zaborowicz, M.; Planecka, A.; Lopez, J.; Dijoux, M.; Louména, C.; Hernandez, M.-C.

    2012-01-01

    Laser microprocessing of several biopolymers from renewable resources is studied. Three proteinic materials were either extracted from the extracellular matrix like Silk Fibroin/Sericin and collagen, or coming from a commercial source like gelatin. All can find future applications in biomedical experimentation, in particular for cell scaffolding. Films of ˜hundred of microns thick were made by aqueous solution drying and laser irradiation. Attention is paid to the properties making them processable with two laser sources: the ultraviolet and nanosecond (ns) KrF (248 nm) excimer and the infrared and femtosecond (fs) Yb:KGW laser. The UV radiation is absorbed in a one-photon resonant process to yield ablation and the surface foaming characteristics of a laser-induced pressure wave. To the contrary, resonant absorption of the IR photons of the fs laser is not possible and does not take place. However, the high field of the intense I>˜1012 W/cm2 femtosecond laser pulse ionizes the film by the multiphoton absorption followed by the electron impact mechanism, yielding a dense plasma capable to further absorb the incident radiation of the end of the pulse. The theoretical model of this absorption is described in detail, and used to discuss the presented experimental effects (cutting, ablation and foaming) of the fs laser. The ultraviolet laser was used to perform simultaneous multiple spots experiments in which energetic foaming yields melt ejection and filament spinning. Airborne nanosize filaments "horizontally suspended by both ends" (0.25 μm diameter and 10 μm length) of silk biopolymer were observed upon irradiation with large fluences.

  7. 15 W high OSNR kHz-linewidth linearly-polarized all-fiber single-frequency MOPA at 1.6 μm.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Changsheng; Guan, Xianchao; Zhao, Qilai; Lin, Wei; Li, Can; Gan, Jiulin; Qian, Qi; Feng, Zhouming; Yang, Zhongmin; Xu, Shanhui

    2018-05-14

    A 1603 nm high optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) kHz-linewidth linearly-polarized all-fiber single-frequency master-oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) is demonstrated. To suppress the amplified spontaneous emission from Yb 3+ /Er 3+ ions with the customized filters and optimize the length of the double cladding active fiber, an over 15 W stable single-longitudinal-mode laser is achieved with an OSNR of >70 dB. A measured laser linewidth of 4.5 kHz and a polarization-extinction ratio of >23 dB are obtained at the full output power. This L-band high-power single-frequency MOPA is promising for high-resolution molecular spectroscopy and pumping of Tm 3+ -doped or Tm 3+ /Ho 3+ co-doped laser.

  8. White light emission and effect of annealing on the Ho{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} codoped BaCa{sub 2}Al{sub 8}O{sub 15} phosphor

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kumari, Astha; Rai, Vineet Kumar, E-mail: vineetkrrai@yahoo.co.in

    2015-12-15

    Graphical abstract: The upconversion emission spectra of the Ho{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} doped/codoped BaCa{sub 2}Al{sub 8}O{sub 15} phosphors with different doping concentrations of Ho{sup 3+}/Yb{sup 3+} ions along with UC emission spectrum of the white light emitting phosphor annealed at 800 °C. - Highlights: • BaCa{sub 2}Al{sub 8}O{sub 15} phosphors codoped with Ho{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} have been prepared by combustion method. • Phosphor annealed at 800 °C, illuminate an intense white light upon NIR excitation. • The sample annealed at higher temperatures emits in the pure green region. • The colour emitted persists in the white region even at high pump power density. • Developed phosphor is suitable for making upconverters and WLEDs. - Abstract: The BaCa{sub 2}Al{sub 8}O{sub 15} (BCAO) phosphors codoped with suitable Ho{sup 3+}–Yb{sup 3+} dopant concentration prepared by combustion method illuminate an intense white light upon near infrared diode laser excitation. The structural analysis of the phosphors and the detection of impurity contents have been performed by using the X-Ray Diffraction, FESEM and FTIR analysis. The purity of white light emitted from the sample has been confirmed by the CIE chromaticity diagram. Also, the white light emitted from the sample persists with the variation of pump power density. The phosphors emit upconversion (UC) emission bands in the blue, green and red region (three primary colours required for white light emission) along with one more band in the near infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. On annealing the white light emitting sample at higher temperatures, the sample starts to emit green colour and also the intensity of green and red UC emission bands get enhanced largely.

  9. Magnetic linear dichroism in x-ray emission spectroscopy: Yb in Yb3 Fe5 O12

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Groot, F.M.F. de; Krisch, M.H.; Sette, F.; Vogel, J.

    2000-01-01

    A magnetic linear dichroism MLD effect of up to 5% has been observed in the 2p 1/2 4d x-ray emission spectrum of Yb in Yb 3 Fe 5 O 12 . The spectral shape is well reproduced with an atomic multiplet calculation of the 4d to 2p decay. It is shown that the details of the spectral shapes are

  10. Self-stabilization of a mode-locked femtosecond fiber laser using a photonic bandgap fiber

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2010-01-01

    We demonstrate a self-stabilization mechanism of a semiconductor saturable absorber mode-locked linearcavity Yb-doped fiber laser using an intracavity photonic bandgap fiber. This mechanism relies on the spectral shift of the laser pulses to a spectral range of higher anomalous dispersion...... and higher loss of the photonic bandgap fiber, as a reaction to the intracavity power buildup. This, in particular, results in a smaller cavity loss for the stably mode-locked laser, as opposed to the Q-switched mode-locking scenario. The laser provides stable 39–49 pJ pulses of around 230 fs duration at 29...

  11. Visualization of femtosecond laser pulse-induced microincisions inside crystalline lens tissue.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stachs, Oliver; Schumacher, Silvia; Hovakimyan, Marine; Fromm, Michael; Heisterkamp, Alexander; Lubatschowski, Holger; Guthoff, Rudolf

    2009-11-01

    To evaluate a new method for visualizing femtosecond laser pulse-induced microincisions inside crystalline lens tissue. Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany. Lenses removed from porcine eyes were modified ex vivo by femtosecond laser pulses (wavelength 1040 nm, pulse duration 306 femtoseconds, pulse energy 1.0 to 2.5 microJ, repetition rate 100 kHz) to create defined planes at which lens fibers separate. The femtosecond laser pulses were delivered by a 3-dimension (3-D) scanning unit and transmitted by focusing optics (numerical aperture 0.18) into the lens tissue. Lens fiber orientation and femtosecond laser-induced microincisions were examined using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) based on a Rostock Cornea Module attached to a Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II. Optical sections were analyzed in 3-D using Amira software (version 4.1.1). Normal lens fibers showed a parallel pattern with diameters between 3 microm and 9 microm, depending on scanning location. Microincision visualization showed different cutting effects depending on pulse energy of the femtosecond laser. The effects ranged from altered tissue-scattering properties with all fibers intact to definite fiber separation by a wide gap. Pulse energies that were too high or overlapped too tightly produced an incomplete cutting plane due to extensive microbubble generation. The 3-D CLSM method permitted visualization and analysis of femtosecond laser pulse-induced microincisions inside crystalline lens tissue. Thus, 3-D CLSM may help optimize femtosecond laser-based procedures in the treatment of presbyopia.

  12. Reduction of Kondo lattice effects in Yb1-xLuxAl3 observed by soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamaguchi, J; Sekiyama, A; Imada, S; Yamasaki, A; Tsunekawa, M; Muro, T; Ebihara, T; Onuki, Y; Suga, S

    2007-01-01

    We have carried out the bulk-sensitive and high-resolution soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on Lu substituted intermediate-valence compound Yb 1-x Lu x Al 3 (x = 0.4) at temperatures from 200 to 20 K. The temperature dependences of the bulk Yb 4f photoelectron spectra revealed in our preceding works on high purity YbAl 3 have not been observed in this Lu substituted system. The temperature dependences of the bulk Yb 4f peak positions and the Yb valence in this system can be well reproduced by the single impurity Anderson model (SIAM), whereas the spectral behaviors in YbAl 3 were not at all reproduced by the SIAM. These results confirm the importance of the Kondo lattice effects for YbAl 3 , for which the coherent lattice periodicity plays essential roles

  13. Femtosecond pulse shaping using plasmonic snowflake nanoantennas

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tok, Ruestue Umut; Sendur, Kuersat [Sabanci University, Orhanli-Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul (Turkey)

    2011-09-15

    We have theoretically demonstrated femtosecond pulse manipulation at the nanoscale using the plasmonic snowflake antenna's ability to localize light over a broad spectrum. To analyze the interaction of the incident femtosecond pulse with the plasmonic nanoantenna, we first decompose the diffraction limited incident femtosecond pulse into its spectral components. The interaction of each spectral component with the nanoantenna is analyzed using finite element technique. The time domain response of the plasmonic antenna is obtained using inverse Fourier transformation. It is shown that the rich spectral characteristics of the plasmonic snowflake nanoantenna allow manipulation of the femtosecond pulses over a wide spectrum. Light localization around the gap region of the nanoantenna is shown for femtosecond pulses. As the alignment of incident light polarization is varied, different antenna elements oscillate, which in turn creates a different spectrum and a distinct femtosecond response.

  14. Activation of visible up-conversion luminescence in transparent and conducting ZnO:Er:Yb films by laser annealing

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lluscà, M.; López-Vidrier, J.; Lauzurica, S.; Sánchez-Aniorte, M.I.; Antony, A.; Molpeceres, C.; Hernández, S.; Garrido, B.; Bertomeu, J.

    2015-01-01

    Transparent and conducting ZnO:Er:Yb thin films with visible up-conversion (660-nm emission under 980-nm excitation) were fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering. The as-deposited films were found to be transparent and conducting and the activation of the Er ions in these films to produce up-conversion luminescence was achieved by different post-deposition annealing treatments in air, vacuum or by laser annealing using a Nd:YVO 4 laser. The structural, electrical and optical properties and the up-conversion efficiency of these films were found to be strongly influenced by the annealing method, and a detailed study is reported in this paper. It has been demonstrated that, although the air annealing was the most efficient in terms of up-conversion, laser annealing was the only method capable of activating Er ions while preserving the electrical conductivity of the doped films. It has been shown that a minimum energy was needed in laser annealing to optically activate the rare earth ions in the ZnO host material to produce up-conversion. Up-converting and transparent conducting ZnO:Er:Yb films with an electrical resistivity of 5×10 −2 Ω cm and transparency ~80% in the visible wavelength range has been achieved by laser annealing. - Highlights: • Transparent and conducting ZnO:Er:Yb films were grown via magnetron sputtering. • Post-annealing ZnO:Er:Yb is needed to optically activate Er ions. • Visible up-conversion emission at 660 nm is observed under 980 nm excitation. • A transparent and conducting up-converter is achieved by laser annealing

  15. Extension of supercontinuum spectrum, generated in polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber, using chirped femtosecond pulses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vengelis, Julius; Jarutis, Vygandas; Sirutkaitis, Valdas

    2018-01-01

    We present results of experimental and numerical investigation of supercontinuum (SC) generation in polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber (PCF) using chirped femtosecond pulses. The initial unchirped pump pulse source was a mode-locked Yb:KGW laser generating 52-nJ energy, 110-fs duration pulses at 1030 nm with a 76-MHz repetition rate. The nonlinear medium was a 32-cm-long polarization-maintaining PCF manufactured by NKT Photonics A/S. We demonstrated the influence of pump pulse chirp on spectral characteristics of a SC. We showed that by chirping pump pulses positively or negatively one can obtain a broader SC spectrum than in the case of unchirped pump pulses at the same peak power. Moreover, the extension can be controlled by changing the amount of pump pulse chirp. Numerical simulation results also indicated that pump pulse chirp yields an extension of SC spectrum.

  16. Treatment of Neuroblastoma with an Engineered "Obligate" Anaerobic Salmonella typhimurium Strain YB1.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ning, Bo-Tao; Yu, Bin; Chan, Shing; Chan, Jian-Liang; Huang, Jian-Dong; Chan, Godfrey Chi-Fung

    2017-01-01

    Purpose Neuroblastoma is an embryonic solid tumor derived from the progenitors of the sympathetic nervous system. More than half of the patients developed metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis and had poor outcome with current therapeutic approaches. In recent years, some obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria were reported to target the hypoxic and necrotic region of solid tumor models and caused tumor regression. We recently successfully constructed an "obligate" anaerobic Salmonella strain YB1 that was applied in breast cancer nude mice model by us. Here, we report the application of YB1 in neuroblastoma treatment. Methods The anti-cancer effect and side-effects of YB1 was examined in both in vitro and in vivo experiment. Previous established orthotopic neuroblastoma SCID/beige murine model using SK-NLP/luciferase cell line was adopted. Results In vitro , YB1 induced apoptosis for up to 31.4% of the neuroblastoma cells under anaerobic condition, three times more than that under aerobic condition (10.9%). The expression of both Toll like Receptor 4 and 5 (TLR4 and TLR5) in cancer cells were significantly up-regulated ( p anaerobic condition. In mouse model, YB1 preferentially accumulated inside the core of the tumors, rather than in normal tissues as our previous reported. This is suggestive of the hypoxic nature of tumor core. Tumor growth was significantly retarded in YB1 treatment group ( n=6, P<0.01 ). Furthermore, there was no long-term organ damage noted in all the organs examined including heart, lung, liver, spleen and brain in the YB1 treated mice. Conclusion The genetic modified Salmonella strain YB1 is a promising anti-tumor strategy against the tumor bulk for neuroblastoma. Future study can be extended to other common cancer types to verify the relative efficacy on different neoplastic cells.

  17. IBA of ZrO2:Yb/Si thin films produced by the spray pyrolysis method

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andrade, E.; Ramirez, E.B.; Alonso, J.C.; Rocha, M.F.

    2008-01-01

    A spray pyrolysis method was used to produce thin films of ZrO 2 doped with different Yb concentrations on Si(1 0 0). The films of these ionic semiconductors have potential applications as solid electrolytes in modern ceramic fuel cells of second generation. The determination of the atomic composition of the films is very important because it strongly affects the chemical and thermal stability, as well as electrical properties of the films. A combination of two Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) methods was applied to obtain the atomic composition of the films. A nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) method using a low energy deuterium beam was applied to measure the oxygen content of the films. Heavy ion Rutherford backscattering (HI-RBS) method using a 12 C 3+ beam was applied to measure the Yb and Zr atomic profiles of the samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ellipsometry were also employed to determine structural properties and refractive index of the films, respectively. The IBA, XRD and the ellipsometry supply a wide range of information about the film layers, which can be used for qualification as well as for feedback to the films production

  18. Post-adsorption process of Yb phosphate nano-particle formation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, MingYu; Ohnuki, Toshihiko; Tanaka, Kazuya; Kozai, Naofumi; Kamiishi, Eigo; Utsunomiya, Satoshi

    2012-09-01

    In this study, we have investigated the post-adsorption process of ytterbium (Yb) phosphate nano-particle formation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). The yeast grown in P-rich medium were exposed to 1.44 × 10-4 mol/L Yb(III) solution for 2-120 h, and 2 months at 25 ± 1 °C at an initial pH of 3, 4, or 5, respectively. Ytterbium concentrations in solutions decreased as a function of exposure time. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and synchrotron-based extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses revealed that nano-sized blocky Yb phosphate with an amorphous phase formed on the yeast cells surfaces in the solutions with Yb. These nano-sized precipitates that formed on the cell surfaces remained stable even after 2 months of exposure at 25 ± 1 °C around neutral pHs. The EXAFS data revealed that the chemical state of the accumulated Yb on the cell surfaces changed from the adsorption on both phosphate and carboxyl sites at 30 min to Yb phosphate precipitates at 5 days, indicating the Yb-phosphate precipitation as a major post-adsorption process. In addition, the precipitation of Yb phosphate occurred on cell surfaces during 7 days of exposure in Yb-free solution after 2 h of exposure (short-term Yb adsorption) in Yb solution. These results suggest that the released P from the inside of yeast cells reacted with adsorbed Yb on cell surfaces, resulting in the formation of Yb precipitates, even though no P was added to the exposure solution. In an abiotic system, the EXAFS data showed that the speciation of sorbed Yb on the reference materials, carboxymethyl cellulose and Ln resin, did not change even when the Yb was exposed to P solution, without forming Yb phosphate precipitates. This result strongly suggests that the cell surface of the yeast plays an important role in the Yb-phosphate precipitation process, not only as a carrier of the

  19. Labelling of ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMP) with 175Yb

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Azmairit Aziz

    2009-01-01

    Ytterbium-175 ( 175 Yb) is one of radioisotopes that can be used for therapy due to its β-particle emission (T 1/2 = 4.2 d, E β(max) = 480 keV). Beside that, this radioisotope also emits γ-rays of 113 keV (1.9%), 282 keV (3.1%) and 396 keV (6.5%) which are suitable energy for imaging as long as therapeutic applications. EDTMP could be labeled with radionuclide of 175 Yb as an alternative radiopharmaceutical for bone pain palliation due to bone metastases. Labeling of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid with 175 Yb has been studied. Various influential parameters in labeling conditions i.e. the amount of EDTMP ligand, the pH of labeling, incubation time and the amount of 175 Yb solution were studied in order to obtain high labeling efficiency of 175 Yb-EDTMP. The labeling efficiency was obtained by radiochemical purity that was determined by paper chromatography and paper electrophoresis techniques. The optimum labeling condition was obtained at pH 7, 4 mg of EDTMP ligand, 100 µL (105 µg; 0.6 µmol) of 175 Yb solution and 30 minutes incubation time at room temperature. The complex formed was gave maximum labeling efficiency of 98.81 ± 0.15%. Owing to the results, EDTMP ligand can be labeled with 175 Yb radionuclide with labeling efficiency more than 95%. (author)

  20. Spectroscopic properties and quenching processes of Yb{sup 3+} in Fluoride single crystals for laser applications

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bensalah, A. [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials, Claude Bernard/Lyon1 University, UMR 5620, CNRS Bat. A. Kastler, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France) and Institute for Multidisciplinary Research of Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan)]. E-mail: amina-bensalah@enscp.fr; Ito, M. [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials, Claude Bernard/Lyon1 University, UMR 5620, CNRS Bat. A. Kastler, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Guyot, Y. [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials, Claude Bernard/Lyon1 University, UMR 5620, CNRS Bat. A. Kastler, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Goutaudier, C. [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials, Claude Bernard/Lyon1 University, UMR 5620, CNRS Bat. A. Kastler, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Jouini, A. [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials, Claude Bernard /Lyon1 University, UMR 5620, CNRS Bat. A. Kastler, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Institute for Multidisciplinary Research of Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Brenier, A. [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials, Claude Bernard/Lyon1 University, UMR 5620, CNRS Bat. A. Kastler, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France); Sato, H. [Institute for Multidisciplinary Research of Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Fukuda, T. [Institute for Multidisciplinary Research of Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577 (Japan); Boulon, G. [Physical Chemistry of Luminescent Materials, Claude Bernard /Lyon1 University, UMR 5620, CNRS Bat. A. Kastler, 10 rue Ampere, 69622 Villeurbanne (France)

    2007-01-15

    Spectroscopic characterization is carried out to identify Stark's levels of Yb{sup 3+} transitions in several fluoride crystals grown either by the Czochralski technique or by the laser-heated pedestal growth method. Yb{sup 3+} concentration dependence of the decay time is analyzed in order to understand involved concentration quenching mechanisms. Laser tests under saphire:Ti pumping are presented for all our materials as well as under diode pumping for Yb:CaF{sub 2}.