WorldWideScience
1

CAPACITOR DISCHARGE METAL FORMING  

Science.gov (United States)

... Report Date : JUL 1961. Pagination or Media Count : 39. Abstract : Open-ende Terms: Electrohydraulic forming, Magnetic forming. ...

1961-07-01

7

Adaptive ARMA Spectral Estimation,  

Science.gov (United States)

... ENGINEERING. Personal Author(s) : Cadzow,James A. ; Ogino,Koji. Report Date : 1981. Pagination or Media Count : 7. Abstract ...

8

Molecular phylogenetics and molecular dating of the New Zealand Gleicheniaceae  

Science.gov (United States)

... Symonds, G. J. Wilson, and H. Zhu. 1997. Seismic stratigraphy and structural history of the Reinga Basin and ... ...

25

Abstracts by Mission Directorate - NASA  

Science.gov (United States)

A new high capacity anode composite based on mesoporous silicon is proposed. By virtue of a structure that resembles a pseudo one-dimensional phase, ...

26

(Form for)  

Wastenet

Date: Cost: Allocation:

27

Structural and Functional Insights into Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tpa1, a Putative Prolylhydroxylase Influencing Translation Termination and Transcription*  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Efficiency of translation termination relies on the specific recognition of the three stop codons by the eukaryotic translation termination factor eRF1. To date only a few proteins are known to be involved...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

28

Biophysical characterization of recombinant proteins: A key to higher structural genomics success  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Hundreds of genomes have been successfully sequenced to date, and the data are publicly available. At the same time, the advances in large-scale expression and purification of recombinant proteins have...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

29

Coupling of Pressure-Induced Structural Shifts to Spectral Changes in a Yellow Fluorescent Protein  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AbstractX-ray diffraction analysis of pressure-induced structural changes in the Aequorea yellow fluorescent protein Citrine reveals the structural basis for the continuous...Full Text Available

2009-09-16

30

Fuzzy logic to classify date palm trees based on some physical properties related to precision agriculture  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Precision agriculture can be cost effective for date palm groves because the tree positions are known and fixed, the groves are mostly structured and many of agricultural operations are applied manually. Therefore, the new technology tools of precision agriculture are not essential. This study was done to improve date palm yield using maps of the variation in tree properties. Data on five Mozafati tree properties, such as sex, age, yield, visual appearance and fruit length were measured and recorded for each tree in five groves near the city of Bam in Iran. Tree positions were defined and the above properties were mapped. It was difficult to judge patterns in the variation because of tree to tree variability. Therefore, the Mamdani fuzzy inference system (MFIS) was used to classify the pro...

2010-01-01

31

Thrust faults and associated structures in the Deep River Basin: Evidence for post-extensional compression  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thrust faulting, folding, and penetrative compressional fabrics (e.g. spaced cleavage, pencils, and coal cleats) have been found in several outcrops within the central Deep River Basin (the southern Durham subbasin to the northern Wadesboro subbasin). The trend of these structures is nearly parallel to the basin, and may locally control the present geometry of the basin boundaries. These features are distributed throughout the stratigraphic section and across the entire width of the basin. In outcrops where relative timing can be determined, the compressional structures post-date all extensional and intrusive features associated with basin formation. In particular, thrusts cut across and displace basin-parallel normal faults and basin-normal cross-faults. All thrusts found to date verge northwest, and displacements of cross-fault boundaries indicate that transport was approximately 325[degree].

1994-03-01

33

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence and Therapy: Evolving Translational Strategies  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Structured abstractObjectiveAlthough most reviews of Pseudomonas aeruginosa therapeutics focus on antibiotics currently in use or...Full Text Available

2009-05-01

34

Optical and Structural Characteristics of Heavily Boron ...  

Science.gov (United States)

... Abstract : Cadmium telluride single crystals were subjected to multiple-energy boron ion implants with total doses up to 1.5 x 10 sq cm. ...

1988-05-24

38

Combustion Mechanisms of 25MM Combustible Cartridge.  

Science.gov (United States)

... Abstract : The structural features of 25mm combustible cartridge cases, manufactured for this program and having nitrocellulose/resin/fiber ratios of ...

1973-08-01

39

Transversal Stiffness and Young's Modulus of Single Fibers from Rat Soleus Muscle Probed by Atomic Force Microscopy  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AbstractThe structural integrity of striated muscle is determined by extra-sarcomere cytoskeleton that includes structures that connect the Z-disks and M-bands of a sarcomere to sarcomeres...Full Text Available

2010-02-03

40

Structural aging program to assess the adequacy of critical concrete components in nuclear power plants  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Structural Aging (SAG) Program is carried out by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under sponsorship of the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC). The Program has evolved from preliminary studies conducted to evaluate the long-term environmental challenges to light-water reactor safety-related concrete civil structures. An important conclusion of these studies was that a damage methodology, which can provide a quantitative measure of a concrete structure's durability with respect to potential future requirements, needs to be developed. Under the SAG Program, this issue is being addressed through: establishment of a structural materials information center, evaluation of structural component assessment and repair technologies, and development of a quantitative methodology for structural aging determinations. Progress to ...

1989-08-14

41
42

BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY  

Science.gov (United States)

No abstract prepared.

2002-01-01

43

hh911.cpr  

Science.gov (United States)

"ID# ","Measurement ID Number " "DATE ","Date " "JDATE ","Julian Date " "TIME ", "Local Time " "GMT ","Greenwich Mean Time " "BAND ","Dielectric Probe Band ...

44

Dating techniques in fault investigations  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Determining the time of most recent fault movement is an important part of assessing a possible site for a nuclear power plant. The purpose of this paper is not to present research information but to provide a practical guide to some of the dating techniques available to the engineering geologist working on nuclear power plant siting. Emphasis is placed on the practical aspects, such as usable minerals, conditions necessary for them to yield correct dates, degree of accuracy, sample collection, sample size, and sample packaging. In this paper, the usual geologic field techniques are taken for granted (such as those used in stratigraphy, paleontology, and structural analysis) for assessing fault history. Laboratory techniques used in conjunction with or supplemental to field methods are discussed. The specific radiometric methods discussed are "1"4C(carbon-14), fission track, K-Ar (potassium-argon), thermoluminescense, Rb-Sr ...

46

Prediction method abstracts  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This conference was held December 4--8, 1994 in Asilomar, California. The purpose of this meeting was to provide a forum for exchange of state-of-the-art information concerning the prediction of protein structure. Attention if focused on the following: comparative modeling; sequence to fold assignment; and ab initio folding.

1994-12-31

47

HIV Structural Database  

Science.gov (United States)

of a tethered dimer of HIV-1 proteinase complexed with an inhibitor. Bhat TN, Baldwin ET, Liu B, Cheng YS, Erickson JW. Nat Struct Biol. 1994 Aug;1(8):552-6. Abstract End...

2011-09-25

48

Preparation of nanocomposite dispersions based on cellulose whiskers and acrylic copolymer by miniemulsion polymerization: Effect of the silane content  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A one step method was used to prepare stable aqueous nanocomposite dispersions based on cellulose whiskers extracted from the rachis of the date palm tree and a poly(styrene co 2 ethyl hexylacrylate) copolymer via miniemulsion polymerization. A reactive silane, i.e., methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane was added to stabilize the dispersion and favor the anchoring of the whiskers on polymer particles. Dynamic light scattering was used to study the effect of the silane and whiskers contents on the average particle size of the polymer. Nanocomposites materials were prepared from these dispersions using a casting/evaporation method. The effect of the silane and whiskers contents on the thermal and mechanical properties were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic me...

2011-01-01

49

Nucleomorph Ribosomal DNA and Telomere Dynamics in Chlorarachniophyte Algae  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ABSTRACT. Chlorarachniophytes are enigmatic marine unicellular algae that acquired photosynthesis by secondary endosymbiosis. Chlorarachniophytes are unusual in that the nucleus of the engulfed algal cell (a green alga) persists in a miniaturized form, termed a nucleomorph. The nucleomorph genome of the model chlorarachniophyte, Bigelowiella natans CCMP621, is 373 kilobase pairs (kbp) in size, the smallest nuclear genome characterized to date. The B. natans nucleomorph genome is composed of three chromosomes, each with canonical eukaryotic telomeres and sub telomeric ribosomal DNA (rDNA) operons transcribed away from the chromosome end. Here we present the complete rDNA operon and telomeric region from the nucleomorph genome of Lotharella oceanica CCMP622, a newly characterized chlorarachn...

2010-01-01

50

New stratigraphic markers in the late Pleistocene Palouse loess: novel fossil gastropods, absolute age constraints and non-aeolian facies  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Four stratigraphic sections in the southern part of the Columbia Basin preserve a sequence of aeolian and non-aeolian sediments ranging in age from 943 to >470 14C ka based on accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating of fossil molluscs, geochemistry of Cascade Mountain-sourced tephra and association with formally recognized pedostratigraphic units (the Washtucna and Old Maid Coulee soils). Study sections are interpreted as representing concurrent deposition of loess and distal Missoula Flood rhythmites in valleys tributary to main drainages backflooded during the Missoula Floods, and formation of carbonate and iron-rich soils. Sediments belong to the formally recognized L-1 and L-2 loess units established for the Palouse loess, which were deposited in the Columbia Basin su...

2010-01-01

51

Detection of the first gross CDC73 germline deletion in an HPT-JT syndrome family  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) may develop as a solitary endocrinopathy (FIHP) or as part of multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 1, multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 2A, or hereditary HPT-jaw tumor syndrome. Inactivating germline mutations of the tumor suppressor gene CDC73 account for 14 and 50% of all FIHP and HPT-JT patients, respectively, and have also been found in almost 20% of apparently sporadic parathyroid carcinoma patients. Although more than 60 independent germline mutations have been described, to date no rearrangement affecting the CDC73 locus has been identified. By means of multiplex-PCR we found a large germline deletion affecting the whole gene in a two-generation HPT-JT family. Subsequently array-CGH and specific PCR analysis determined that the muta...

2011-01-01

52

Assessing the effect of an antimicrobial wound dressing on biofilms  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ABSTRACT To date the effect of silver-containing wound dressings on biofilms, known to be present in chronic wounds, has not been determined or documented. In this current study, we aimed to determine the antimicrobial effect of a silver-containing dressing on biofilms grown in a chambered slide model. Before the addition of a wound dressing onto a 24-hour biofilm, composed of either Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, or a mixed bacterial community, a fluorescent dye was applied. This enabled the viability of sessile bacteria to be monitored in real-time, using a rapid form of confocal laser scanning microscopy over a contact time period of 48 hours. By analyzing all the three-dimensional data generated from the confocal time-lapse sequences, 90% of all se...

2008-01-01

53

Structural analysis and modifications-2 tankers for offshore FPSO and FSO service  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper addresses the unique structural requirements for successful conversion of tankers for floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) or floating storage and offloading (FSO) service. A description is given of the steps undertaken during two recent and very different conversions of a highly optimized 1980s VLCC to FPSO service, and a typical robust 1970s ULCC to FSO service. The paper describes the steps needed for ensuring the FPSO or FSO requirements are successfully met during conversion of the two tankers - each having its own history, e.g. date of build, original design, material choices, class society, voyage history and repairs. Firstly, the paper describes the procedure and results of an early initial structural assessment procedure on the basis of an American Bureau o...

2008-01-01

54

Spin Duality on the Neutron (^3He)  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility experiment E01-012 measured the 3He spin structure functions and virtual photon asymmetries in the resonance region in the momentum transfer range 1.0 < Q2 < 4.0 (GeV/c)2. Our date, when compared with existing deep inelastic scattering data, can be used to test quark-hadron duality in g1 and A1 for 3He and the neutron. Preliminary results for A{sub 1}{sup {sup 3}He} are presented, as well as some details about the experiment.

2007-02-01

55

Waste to energy technologies.  

Science.gov (United States)

No abstract prepared.

2010-04-01

57
63

Effect of processing of dates into date juice concentrate and appraisal of its quality characteristics  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is widely cultivated in Kutch district of Gujarat and the fruits are harvested at immature stage before the onset of monsoon to prevent spoilage. The immature date fruits with less commercial value were used for processing into date juice concentrate. Immature dates were crushed and treated with 0.1% pectinase enzyme for 120 min to obtain maximum juice. Date juice was found to be rich in reducing sugars (16.1%) and total sugars (18.3%). Juice was pasteurized at 85?C to inactivate the enzyme, cooled and centrifuged at 3000 rpm to get clear juice. The juice was concentrated in a thin film evaporator to a total soluble solids (TSS) of 76?Brix in 2 passes. Chemical composition of date juice during different stages of concentration was determined. Date juice conc...

2010-01-01

64

Lack of awareness of symptoms in people with dementia: the structural and functional basis  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

AbstractObjective To review studies investigating the brain correlates of unawareness of cognitive and behavioural symptoms in people with dementia. Design A detailed search of the literature was conducted to include all the peer-reviewed studies published in English aimed at identifying the structural or functional brain correspondents of unawareness in dementia patients. Their results were interpreted in relation to the methodological differences in terms of type of dementia studied, the protocol adopted to measure lack of awareness, the imaging techniques employed, the experimental designs and statistical analyses performed. Results Eighteen studies undertaken to explore the functional and structural correlates of unawareness of cognitive symptoms in dementia were identified. Although t...

2011-01-01

65

Pulmonary Function Screening of Submarine Personnel Prior ...  

Science.gov (United States)

... as the difference between date of birth and date of ... Final model selections were based on the ... approval by the Naval Submarine Medical Research ...

2007-03-26

66

Zoonotic Bartonella Species in Fleas and Blood from Red Foxes in Australia.  

Science.gov (United States)

Abstract Bartonella are arthropod-borne, fastidious, Gram-negative, and aerobic bacilli distributed by fleas, lice, sand flies, and, possibly, ticks. The zoonotic Bartonella species, Bartonella henselae and Bartonella clarridgeiae, which are the causes of cat scratch disease and endocarditis in humans, have been reported from cats, cat fleas, and humans in Australia. However, to date, there has been no report of B. henselae or B. clarridgeiae in Australian wild animals and their ectoparasites. B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae were detected in fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), an introduced pest animal species in Australia, and only B. clarridgeiae was detected in blood from one red fox. Phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal intergenic spacer region revealed that the B. henselae detected in the current study were related to B. henselae strain Houston-1, a major pathogenic strain in humans in Australia, and confirmed ...

2011-09-15

67

Thermal and tectonic history of the Ordos Basin, China: Evidence from apatite fission track analysis, vitrinite reflectance, and K-Ar dating  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Apatite fission track analysis, vitrinite reflectance data, and K-Ar dating of Permian-Carboniferous and Mesozoic core samples have been successfully integrated to reconstruct the thermal and tectonic history of the Ordos basin, China. Apatite fission track ages of Carboniferous-Jurassic sedimentary rocks range between 3 and 137 Ma, and are significantly younger than the stratigraphic ages. Confined fission track lengths demonstrate exclusively mixed length distribution, indicating complex thermal history. The data suggest that the samples must have all experienced higher paleotemperatures in the past. Mean virtinite reflectance values (R{sub o}) of the Triassic rocks range from 0.61 to 1.06%, giving a high coalification gradient of 0.36%/km and suggesting a high paleothermal gradient of 57{degrees}C/km. Permian-Carboniferous rocks have R{sub o} values on the order of 1.0-3.0%, and locally up to 4.0-6.0%. Some high R{sub o} values coincide with positive gravity and ...

1996-07-01

68

The structure of molecular clouds - III. A link between cloud structure and star formation mode  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract We analyse extinction maps of nearby giant molecular clouds to forge a link between driving processes of turbulence and modes of star formation. Our investigation focuses on cloud structure in the column density range above the self-shielding threshold of 1-mag AV and below the star formation threshold - the regime in which turbulence is expected to dominate. We identify clouds with shallow mass distributions as cluster forming. Clouds that form stars in a less clustered or isolated mode show a steeper mass distribution. Structure functions prove inadequate to distinguish between clouds of different star formation mode. They may, however, suggest that the turbulence in the average cloud is governed by solenoidal forcing. The same is found using the -variance analysis which also in...

2011-01-01

69

Superconducting-like behaviour of the layered Chalcogenides CuS and CuSe below 40 K  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The investigation of strongly sintered ''quasi molten'' CuS and CuSe chalcogenides shows that they exhibit a sharp diamagnetic transition and a resistivity drop around 40 K. The reminiscence of such high temperature superconductivity features, never observed to date for these phases, is strongly supported by two chemical characteristics: bidimensionality of the structure and mixed valency of copper. The absence of zero resistance suggests that the internal chemical pressure in the samples has a key role in the existence of superconductivity: the S-S or Se-Se interlayer distances are very sensitive to the pressure, so that the critical distance for the percolation can be reached in the core of the samples, but not at the vicinity of the surface, where relaxation may appear.

2011-01-01

70

Spent fuel consolidation in the 105KW Building fuel storage basin  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study is one element of a larger engineering study effort by WHC to examine the feasibility of irradiated fuel and sludge consolidation in the KW Basin in response to TPA Milestone (target date) M-34-00-T03. The study concludes that up to 11,500 fuel storage canisters could be accommodated in the KW Basin with modifications. These modifications would include provisions for multi-tiered canister storage involving the fabrication and installation of new storage racks and installation of additional decay heat removal systems for control of basin water temperature. The ability of existing systems to control radionuclide concentrations in the basin water is examined. The study discusses requirements for spent nuclear fuel inventory given the proposed multi-tiered storage arrangement, the impact of the consolidated mass on the KW Basin structure, and criticality issues associated with multi-tiered storage.

1994-09-23

71

Nuclear reaction rates and opacity in massive star evolution calculations  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear reaction rates and opacity are important parameters in stellar evolution. The input physics in a stellar evolution code determines the main theoretical characteristics of the stellar structure, evolution and nucleosynthesis of a star. For different input physics, in this work we calculate stellar evolution models of very massive first stars during the hydrogen and helium burning phases. We have considered 100 and 200M_sun galactic and pregalactic stars with metallicity Z = 10"-"6 and 10"9, respectively. The results show important differences from old to new formulations for the opacity and nuclear reaction rates, in particular the evolutionary tracks are significantly affected, that indicates the importance of using up to date and reliable input physics. The triple alpha reaction activates sooner for pregalactic than for galactic stars.

2010-07-01

72

NEXAFS microscopy of polymeric materials: Successes and challenges encountered when characterizing organic devices  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We summarize recent developments in x-ray microscopy of polymers by focusing on the characterization of organic electronic devices. The quantitative compositions of model polymer blends have been mapped at a resolution of {approx}35 nm. Since it could be inferred that these devices have structures smaller than 35 nm, quantitative compositional mapping at length scales below the present resolution limit of x-ray microscopy is required. Organic devices thus serve to both highlight the success of NEXAFS microscopy to date, but to also outline the very real need for higher spatial resolution. New approaches to create improved optics or different acquisition modalities are required if x-ray microscopy is to make sustained contributions to such an important area of research as organic devices.

2009-09-01

73

Fast Beam Intensity Measurements for the LHC  

CERN Document Server

Particle accelerators are constructed and operated for a wide variety of applications. In particle physics - the branch of physics that studies the elementary constituents of matter and forces between them - high energy accelerators are used to look deep into the structure of matter. Medical particle accelerators are used for example in medicine to treat tumours [31], in imaging techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) [24], or for the radio-isotopes production. They also serve in many other industrial branches, e.g. geology, radiocarbon dating [39], molecular complex spectroscopy, lithography, food preservation etc. The eld of accelerator technology draws knowledge and expertise from a wide range of scientic disciplines and uses the latest technical knowledge. The incomplete list of covered disciplines includes mathematics, physics, electronics, computing, electromagnetic eld technology, microwave technology, cryogenics, vacuum ...

2010-01-01

74

Development of Point Arguello field, offshore California  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Development drilling from Chevron-operated Platform Hermosa, located on OCS-P 0316 of the Point Arguello field, began on January 30, 1987. To date, seven development wells have been drilled in to the northwest-southeast-trending, doubly plunging anticlinal structure. The results from drilling have confirmed the presence of intense folding and fracturing in the targeted Monterey Formation. Over 700 ft of conventional core were recovered from the B-2 well in the lower Sisquoc and Monterey Formations. Analysis of the core material has yielded important information on lithologic variations and fracture patterns in the productive Monterey Formation. Initial results of core studies, DST data, and wireline studies indicate a correlation between rock type and fracturing. Fracture trends and directional permeability suggested by drill-stem testing may affect future drilling patterns in the field.

1988-03-01

75

A superconductor to superfluid phase transition in liquid metallic hydrogen  

CERN Document Server

Although hydrogen is the simplest of atoms, it does not form the simplest of solids or liquids. Quantum effects in these phases are considerable (a consequence of the light proton mass) and they have a demonstrable and often puzzling influence on many physical properties, including spatial order. To date, the structure of dense hydrogen remains experimentally elusive. Recent studies of the melting curve of hydrogen indicate that at high (but experimentally accessible) pressures, compressed hydrogen will adopt a liquid state, even at low temperatures. In reaching this phase, hydrogen is also projected to pass through an insulator-to-metal transition. This raises the possibility of new state of matter: a near ground-state liquid metal, and its ordered states in the quantum domain. Ordered quantum fluids are traditionally categorized as superconductors or superfluids; these respective systems feature dissipationless electrical currents or mass ...

2004-01-01

76

X ICSMFE: Tenth international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering. Vol. 2  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Topics covered in this volume include soil-structure interactions, environmental control (including waste materials), soil exploration and sampling, and pile foundations. Four papers on the use of fly ash from coal combustion as a construction material have been abstracted separately.

1981-01-01

77

Sputter coating of tantalum and tantalum compounds. (Latest citations from the Metals abstracts alloys index database). Published Search  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The bibliography contains citations concerning the structural properties of sputtered tantalum and tantalum compounds. The preparation of thin film capacitors and resistors is described. The electrical properties of the sputtered films are also included. The influence of the substrate on the properties of the coatings is considered, including adherence of the coating to the substrate, and the effects of impurities on coating integrity. (Contains 250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.)

1993-09-01

78

Neutrons in Biology. A satellite meeting of the IUPAB/EBSA biophysics congress  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This meeting focussed on the study of the structure and dynamics of biological molecules, with particular emphasis on neutron and complementary methods as well as related enabling technologies. The program covered biological problems that are being addressed by neutron scattering and those where there is the potential to do so in the future. This document provides the abstracts of the different presentations. (A.L.B.)

2005-07-01

79

Hydrogen in nano-sized metals  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Systems with small sizes show significant changes compared to the bulk system. These changes are of major interest regarding the size reduction of technological applications. The hydrogen-metal system can be used as a model alloy to study small size features: shifted phase boundaries and sloped isotherms are found and, also, new materials structures. Most features can be attributed to surface- and interface contributions as well as to mechanical stress. (Abstract Copyright [2004], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

2004-02-01

80

Device performance of APFO-3/PCBM solar cells with controlled morphology  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A) diffuse bilayer, B) spontaneously formed multilayer, and C) vertically homogenous thin films, are fabricated. The photocurrent/voltage performance is compared and it is found that the self-stratified structure (B) yields the highest energy conversion efficiency. (Abstract Copyright [2009], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

2009-11-20

81

Nitridosilicates and Oxonitridosilicates: From Ceramic Materials to Structural and Functional Diversity  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Silicates are one of the most important classes of compounds on this planet, and more than 1000 silicates have been identified in the mineral kingdom. Additionally, several hundreds of artificial silicates have been synthesized. The substitution of oxygen by nitrogen leads to the structurally diverse and manifold class of nitridosilicates. Silicon nitride, one of the most important non-oxidic ceramic materials, is the binary parent compound of nitridosilicates, and it symbolizes the inherent material properties of these refractory compounds. However, prior to the last decades, a broad systematic investigation of nitridosilicates had not been accomplished. In the meantime, these and related compounds have reached a remarkable level of industrial application. This review illustrates...

2011-01-01

82

Luminescence dating of Beach-Rock formations  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... excessive. Due to the response being too weak, attempts to use Infrared

2000-05-15

84

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 166  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nuclear structure data pertaining to all known A = 166 nuclides (Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt) have been compiled and evaluated, and incorporated into the ENSDF data file. This evaluation for A = 166 supersedes the previous publication (E.N. Shurshikov and N.V. Timofeeva, Nuclear Data Sheets 67, 45 (1992) (literature cutoff date 1 October 1990)) and the revision by C.M. Baglin of {sup 166}W (literature cutoff data 16 April 2000). It includes literature available by 1 March 2008. Subsequent to the previous evaluation, {sup 166}Gd has been observed for the first time and the first observations of excited states in {sup 166}Tb, {sup 166}Re, {sup 166}Os and {sup 166}Ir have been reported: also, knowledge of collective structure in {sup 166}Dy. {sup 166}Ho, {sup 1676}Er, {sup 166}Tm, {sup 166}Yb, {sup 166}Lu, {sup 166}Hf, and {sup 166}Ta has been considerably expanded. However, the ...

2008-02-06

85

Electronic, superconducting, and optical properties of technetium from its augmented-plane-wave band structure  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The detailed energy-band structure of hexagonal-close-packed technetium, corresponding to the atomic configuration 4d"55s"2 of its seven outermost valence electrons, has been obtained throughout the Brillouin zone using the composite-wave variational version of the augmented-plane-wave (APW) method in conjunction with the X#alpha# (#alpha# = 0.702 99) exchange approximation for obtaining the potentials. From the band-structure data the electronic density of states (DOS) and the angular-momentum--decomposed DOS were calculated by the accurate Gilat-Raubenheimer method. These quantities were used to calculate the electron-phonon coupling constant and the transition temperature (T/sub c/) using the theories of Gaspari and Gyorffy and of McMillan. Also studied were the Fermi surface and the optical properties of Tc via the imaginary part of the interband dielectric constant for bound electrons, the latter being the first of such a study on Tc to ...

88
108

Non-Linear Dose-Response Relationships in Biology, Toxicology and Medicine - An International Conference  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conference abstract book contains seven sections: Plenary-4 abstracts; Chemical-9 abstracts; Radiation-7 abstracts; Ultra Low Doses and Medicine-6 abstracts; Biomedical-11 abstracts; Risk Assessment-5 abstracts and Poster Sessions-25 abstracts. Each abstract was provided by the author/presenter participating in the conference.

2002-05-28

116
139

Comparative AMS radiocarbon dating of pretreated versus non-pretreated tropical wood samples  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Several wood samples collected from Dorslandboom, a large iconic African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) from Namibia, were investigated by AMS radiocarbon dating subsequent to pretreatment and, alternatively, without pretreatment. The comparative statistical evaluation of results showed that there were no significant differences between fraction modern values and radiocarbon dates of the samples analyzed after pretreatment and without pretreatment, respectively. The radiocarbon date of the oldest sample was 993 +- 20 BP. Dating results also revealed that Dorslandboom is a multi-generation tree, with several stems showing different ages.

2010-04-15

140

Single-step mineralization of woodpile chitosan scaffolds with improved cell compatibility  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A facile and efficient single-step mineralization approach was exploited for achieving nanoscopic hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystal layer in chitosan porous matrix, wherein a mixed water-ethanol solvent was used to control the growth of minerals. The crystallographic structure, morphology, and mechanical properties of the scaffold were analyzed with XRD, FTIR, environmental scanning electric microscopy (ESEM), TEM, and compression tests. The behaviors and responses of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells on the scaffolds were studied as well. The results showed that the scaffolds kept woodpile structure with predefined and controlled hierarchical structure after mineralization. The inorganic phase in the mineralized chitosan scaffolds was determined as pure rod-like HAP, which settled densely...

2011-01-01

141

Screen-printed Emitter-Wrap-Through solar cell with single step side selective emitter with 18.8% efficiency  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A fabrication process for Emitter-Wrap-Through solar cells on monocrystalline material with high quality gap passivation by wet thermal silicon dioxide is investigated. Masking and structuring steps are performed by screen-printing technology. Via-holes are created by an industrially applicable high-speed laser drilling process. The cell structure features a selective emitter structure fabricated in a single high temperature step: a highly doped emitter at the via-holes and the rear side, allowing for a low via-hole resistivity as well as a low resistivity contact to screen-printed pastes, and a moderately doped front side emitter exhibiting high quantum efficiency in the low wavelength range. Therefore a novel approach is applied depositing either doped or undoped PECVD silicon d...

2011-01-01

142

Rapid risk assessment using probability of fracture nomographs  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ABSTRACT Traditional risk-based design process involves designing the structure based on risk estimates obtained during several iterations of an optimization routine. This approach is computationally expensive for large-scale aircraft structural systems. Therefore, this paper introduces the concept of risk-based design plots that can be used for both structural sizing and risk assessment for fracture strength when maximum allowable crack length is available. In situations when crack length is defined as a probability distribution the presented approach can only be applied for various percentiles of crack lengths. These plots are obtained using normalized probability density models of load and material properties and are applicable for any arbitrary load and strength values. Risk-based desi...

2009-01-01

143

A computational study of aluminum phosphide nanotubes  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Electronic structures of two representative zigzag and armchair models of aluminum phosphide nanotube (AlPNT) were investigated by density functional theory calculations. The structures were optimized and the bond lengths, tip diameters, band gaps, and dipole moments were calculated. Moreover, the quadrupole coupling constants (CQ) were calculated for the Al-27 atoms of the optimized structures. The same values of AlP bond lengths were calculated for both models. The larger value of band gap of armchair model than the zigzag model indicated the stronger dielectric property for the former model. The values of CQ(27Al) were the largest for the Al atoms placed at the tips of both zigzag and armchair AlPNT than other Al atoms, which could reveal dominant role of the Al atoms placed at...

2011-01-01

144

Study of the influence of alloying additions on the passivity of aluminum. Annual report 1 Dec 89-30 Nov 90  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Whereas supersaturated aluminum alloys demonstrate enhanced passivity, conventional aluminum alloys spontaneously pit in air-saturated chloride solutions. We have concentrated on three areas: evaluation and characterization of Al-W alloys, which exhibit the best corrosion performance of any alloy system studied to date; characterization of the passive-film structure of Al-Mo alloys; and production and characterization of Al-W and Al-Ta powders, which will be used for compaction into bulk material. Surface analysis of the Al-W passive films formed during polarization show surprising little oxidized solute compared to other alloys. These results indicate that the barrier layer formation and electrostatic repulsion mechanisms used to explain the passivity of other alloys are not involved here. Instead the W may act to stabilize the passive film structure in a way similar to the way molybdenum acts in Al-Mo alloys. That is ...

1991-03-01

145

Materials considerations for the National Spallation Neutron Source target  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS), in which neutrons are generated by bombarding a liquid mercury target with 1 GeV protons, will place extraordinary demands on materials performance. The target structural material will operate in an aggressive environment, subject to intense fluxes of high energy protons, neutrons, and other particles, while exposed to liquid mercury and to water. Components that require special consideration include the Hg liquid target container and protective shroud, beam windows, support structures, moderator containers, and beam tubes. In response to these demands a materials R and D program has been developed for the NSNS that includes: selection of materials; calculations of radiation damage; irradiations, post irradiation testing, and characterization; compatibility testing and characterization; design and implementation of a plan for monitoring of materials performance in service; and materials engineering ...

1997-08-01

146

Luminescence dating  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The luminescence techniques have evolved over the last 40 years to a powerful dating instrument in archaeology and geoscience. Depending on how the luminescence is stimulated, one distinguishes the phenomena of thermoluminescence (TL), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL). Each of these phenomena has its specific potential for dating various archaeological materals in the time range from medieval back to palaeolithic periods, or, speaking in geological terms, for dating of Holocene and late Pleistocene objects. The OSL and IRSL techniques are sometimes treated together as 'optical dating'. The luminescence techniques differ from other major dating techniques, such as 14C, essentially by their applicability to inorganic materials, their wide age-range from about 100 years to more than 100,000 years and the kind of datable events which ...

147

Age determination of large live trees with inner cavities: radiocarbon dating of Platland tree, a giant African baobab  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

? Introduction For large trees without a continuous sequence of growth rings in their trunk, such as the African baobab (Adansonia digitata L.), the only accurate method for age determination is radiocarbon dating. As of today, this method was limited to dating samples collected from the remains of dead specimens. ? Methods Our research extends significantly the dating of such trees to large live specimens with inner cavities. The new approach is based on collecting samples from the cavities and their subsequent radiocarbon dating. ? Results The giant two-stemmed Platland tree, also known as Sunland baobab, was investigated by using this new approach. AMS radiocarbon dates of the oldest sample segments originating from the two inner cavities indicate that the large stem I (364.5?m3) is 750...

2011-01-01

148

45 CFR 162.404 - Compliance dates of the implementation of the standard unique health identifier for health care...  

Science.gov (United States)

...dates of the implementation of the standard unique health identifier for health care providers. 162.404 Section 162.404 Public Welfare DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA...

2010-10-01

149

Cloning, Expression, Crystallization and Preliminary Crystallographic Analysis of a Pentapeptide-repeat Protein (Rfr23) from the Bacterium Cyanothece 51142l  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A unique feature of cyanobacteria genomes is the abundance of genes that code for hypothetical proteins containing tandem pentapeptide repeats approximately described by the consensus motif A(N/D)LXX. To date, the structures of two pentapeptide-repeat proteins (PRPs) have been determined, with the tandem pentapeptide-repeat sequences observed to adopt a novel type of right-handed quadrilateral ?-helix, or Rfr-fold, in both structures. One structure, Mycobacterium tuberculosis MfpA, is a 183-residue protein that contains 30 consecutive pentapeptide repeats and appears to offer antibiotic resistance by acting as a DNA mimic. The other structure, Cyanothece 51142 Rfr32, is a 167-residue protein that contains 21 consecutive pentapeptide repeats. The function of Rfr32, like the other 35 hypothetical PRPs identified in the genome of Cyanothece, is unknown. In an effort to understand the ...

2006-01-01

150

The influence of pH on the structure of adenine monolayers adsorbed at Au(110)/electrolyte interfaces  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The pH of the solution is shown to significantly effect the reflection anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) profiles of adenine adsorbed at Au(110)/electrolyte interfaces. At pH 12.8 the net adsorption is very weak due the formation of negative adenine ions in solution. The sensitivity of the RAS profiles to the pH of the solution is probably due to a change in the geometry of the adsorbed molecules caused by a disruption of the base stacking configuration that is adopted when adenine is adsorbed from solutions at pH 7.1. (Abstract Copyright [2010], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

2010-08-15

151

The chemical link Brazil/Portugal. Abstracts of the 23. annual meeting of the Brazilian Chemical Society. v. 2; A ligacao quimica Brasil/Portugal. Resumos da 23. reuniao anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Quimica. v. 2  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Several works about annual meeting of the Brazilian Chemical Society are present.The search for medicinal chemistry, natural products, biological chemistry, and organic chemistry are shown. Conventional methods and some techniques are discussed and developments of new methods of determining are studied. The use of new chemical compounds, materials, structures and chemical analysis are shown.

2000-07-01

152

Robust distributed model predictive control: A review and recent developments  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract This study presents a review of distributed model predictive control (DMPC) strategies followed by recent studies conducted by the authors on the robustness of these strategies to model errors and a summary of future challenges in this area. The review identifies three key challenges for the successful application of DMPC: (i) the selection of optimal control structure for DMPC; (ii) the choice of a suitable coordination strategy among the controllers; and (iii) the robustness of DMPC strategies to model errors. Then, the study summarises recent developments related to the robustness of unconstrained and constrained DMPC algorithms. For the unconstrained case, a methodology that is based on the calculation of a performance index is proposed to balance the trade-off between perform...

2011-01-01

153

Reticulate eruptions. Part 1: Vascular networks and physiology  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Reticulate pattern is one of the most important dermatological signs of a pathological process involving the superficial vascular networks. Vascular malformations, such as cutis marmorata congenita telangiectasia and benign forms of livedo reticularis, and sinister conditions, such as meningococcal meningitis or Sneddon's syndrome, can all present with a reticulate pattern. The clinical presentation and morphology is determined by the nature and extent of the underlying pathology and the involvement of a particular vascular network. This review has been divided into four instalments. In the present paper, we discuss the anatomy and physiology of the complex network of vascular structures that support the function of the skin and subcutis.

2011-01-01

154

Proceedings of the third international conference on containment design and operation. v.1  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The second international conference on containment design and operation included sessions on the following topics: performance and regulatory requirements; radionuclide behaviour; severe accident design and analysis; operation, maintenance, leaking and aging of containment systems; thermal hydraulic behaviour of containment systems; hydrogen mixing and mitigation; design methods and concepts; code validation; structural analysis and response tests; passive safety systems; aerosol behaviour; containment reliability, integrity, and risk assessment; hydrogen deflagration and detonation. Due prominence was given to CANDU and other PHWR reactors. The individual papers have been abstracted separately.

1994-10-19

155

Combining laser chemical processing and aerosol jet printing: a laboratory scale feasibility study  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract First results showing the viability of combining laser chemical processing (LCP) and aerosol jet printing (AJP) technologies to produce a high-efficiency front side for silicon solar cells are presented. LCP simultaneously opens the anti-reflection coating (ARC) and highly dopes the underlying silicon to create a selective emitter, while AJP is the first in a two-step fine-line contact formation procedure. The electrical properties as well as the morphology of the resulting structures are presented. Performance similar to that achieved with evaporated TiPdAg metallization is demonstrated. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

2011-01-01

156

Chiral crystallization and the origin of chiral life on earth  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The creation of chirality on Earth and the development of chiral life have been discussed in this highlight. Convincing evidence for the introduction of chirality on Earth is still fragmentary. We believe that by a combination of chiral crystallization and formation of helical polymers with preferred chiral conformational structure is the key to this question. This concept of macromolecular asymmetry has inspired ideas and resulted in possible rules for how chiral life as we know it, could have been introduced. These investigations needed the understanding of the requirements for chiral crystallization, for the stereochemistry of the initial formation of helical polymers, the measurements of optical activity of solids and their coordination with the fundamentals of chirality. Spac...

2011-01-01

157

TIMBER MEASUREMENTS (OTTER) - NASA  

Science.gov (United States)

Description: TIMBER MEASUREMENTS (OTTER). View entire list ... Dataset Title: TIMBER MEASUREMENTS (OTTER). Dataset Release Date: 1994 ...

158

Reliable dates for the last 50.000 years; Des dates fiables pour les 50 000 dernieres annees  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The accuracy of the carbon 14 dating method is dependent on the fluctuations of carbon 14 in the atmosphere over long periods of time. Fossil corals that are dated by both carbon 14 and uranium-thorium methods allows the setting of calibration curves for the carbon 14 method for the last 50.000 years. The uranium-thorium method is based on the measurement of the ratio of 2 isotopes: thorium 230 and uranium 234 that are both present in the decay chain of uranium 238. (A.C.)

2004-03-01

159

Recursive AR Spectral Estimation.  

Science.gov (United States)

... ENGINEERING. Personal Author(s) : Ogino,Koji ; Cadzow,James A. Report Date : 1980. Pagination or Media Count : 18. ...

160

EFFECTS OF EXCIMER LASER IRRADIATION ON THE ...  

Science.gov (United States)

... Personal Author(s) : ROTHSCHILD, M. ; EHRLICH, DJ ; SHAVER, DC. Report Date : 1989. Pagination or Media Count : 3. ...

161

Non-linearity of pre-dose response and its effects on TL dating  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Analytical expressions for thermoluminescence (TL) dating based on the modified Zimmerman model were derived. The non-linear behaviour of TL sensitivity is reexamined and is found to be due to electron capturing competitions in both test-dose excitation and the readout stages. A curve fitting method is proposed to determine the paleodose for the additive dose dating method. The multiple activation technique is also investigated, from which the paleodose should be regarded as an upper limit.

2009-03-15

162

Non-linearity of pre-dose response and its effects on TL dating  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Analytical expressions for thermoluminescence (TL) dating based on the modified Zimmerman model were derived. The non-linear behaviour of TL sensitivity is reexamined and is found to be due to electron capturing competitions in both test-dose excitation and the readout stages. A curve fitting method is proposed to determine the paleodose for the additive dose dating method. The multiple activation technique is also investigated, from which the paleodose should be regarded as an upper limit.

2009-03-01

163

Infrared-stimulated luminescence dating of sediments  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Luminescence stimulated from feldspars using wavelengths in the infrared region can be applied to the dating of sedimentary grains. Reported stimulation spectra are very similar for a wide range of feldspars, but their emission spectra show greater variation. For accurate dating it is critical that unstable infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals are removed from the laboratory-irradiated grains. Several approaches to isolate a thermally stable signal are described. (author).

1994-04-01

164

Synchrotron SAXS Studies of Nanostructured Materials and Colloidal Solutions: A Review  

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english Structural characterisations using the SAXS technique in a number of nanoheterogeneous materials and liquid solutions are reviewed. The studied systems are protein (lysozyme)/water solutions, colloidal ZnO particles/water sols, nanoporous NiO-based xerogels, hybrid organic-inorganic siloxane-PEG and PPG nanocomposites and PbTe semiconductor nanocrystals embedded in a glass matrix. These investigations also focus on the transformations of time-varying structures and on str (more) uctural changes related to variations in temperature and composition. The reviewed investigations aim at explaining the unusual and often interesting properties of nanostructured materials and solutions. Most of the reported studies were carried out using the SAXS beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Campinas, Brazil.

2002-03-01

165

Methanogen community structure in the rumens of farmed sheep, cattle and red deer fed different diets  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Development of inhibitors and vaccines that mitigate rumen-derived methane by targeting methanogens relies on knowledge of the methanogens present. We investigated the composition of archaeal communities in the rumens of farmed sheep (Ovis aries), cattle (Bos taurus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to generate fingerprints of archaeal 16S rRNA genes. The total archaeal communities were relatively constant across species and diets, and were less variable and less diverse than bacterial communities. There were diet- and ruminant-species-based differences in archaeal community structure, but the same dominant archaea were present in all rumens. These were members of three coherent clades: species related to Methanobrevibacter ruminan...

2011-01-01

166

Beyond the tropics: forest structure in a temperate forest mapped plot  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Question: How do the diversity, size structure, and spatial pattern of woody species in a temperate (Mediterranean climate) forest compare to temperate and tropical forests? Location: Mixed evergreen coastal forest in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California, USA. Methods: We mapped, tagged, identified, and measured all woody stems (?1 cm diameter) in a 6-ha forest plot, following Center for Tropical Forest Science protocols. We compared patterns to those found in 14 tropical and 12 temperate forest plots. Results: The forest is dominated by Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and three species of Fagaceae (Quercus agrifolia, Q. parvula var. shrevei, and Lithocarpus densiflorus), and includes 31 woody species and 8180 individuals. Much of the diversity was in small-diameter shrubs,...

2010-01-01

167

Half-Heusler phase related structural perturbations near stoichiometric composition FeZnSb  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Half-Heusler phases XYZ (Pearson symbol cF12) are chemically versatile and rich in physical properties. The half-Heusler phase in the Fe-Zn-Sb ternary system was reported in the year 2000. In this work, two new ternary phases are identified in the vicinity of the equiatomic composition FeZnSb in the same system: Fe1-xZnSb (tetragonal, space group P4/nmm, Pearson symbol tP6-?, Z=2: a=4.1113(6) A, c=6.0127(12) A for x=0.08 (1), and a=4.1274(6) A, c=6.0068(12) A for x=0.12 (2)); and Fe7.87Zn6.72Sb8 (Fe0.98Zn0.84Sb) (3) (cubic, space group Fm-3m, Pearson symbol cF96-?, Z=4, a=11.690(13) A). 1 and 2 crystallize in the PbFCl-type structure, and 3 adopts a unique 2x2x2 supercell of a normal half-Heusler structure. The structures of both the tetragonal and cubic phases can be described as assemblies of half-Heusler structure related subunits. Electrical resistivity measurement on the pure sample of 2 shows it ...

2011-05-01

168

The thematic plant life assessment network (PLAN)  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Plant Life Assessment Network (PLAN) is a Brite Euram Type II Thematic Network, initiated by the European Commission to facilitate structured co-operation between all cost shared action projects already funded by the Commission which fall under this common technical theme. The projects involved address a multiplicity of problems associated with plant life assessment and are drawn from Brite-Euram, Standards, Measurement and Testing, Nuclear Fission Safety and Esprit EC programmes. The main aim of the Network is to initiate, maintain and monitor a fruitful co-operation process between completed, ongoing and future EC R and D projects, thereby promoting improved cross fertilization and enhanced industrial exploitation of R and D results. As the project is in its infancy, this presentation covers the background to the initiative in some detail. In particular two key aspects are highlighted, namely, the requirement of the EC to launch such a network in the area of ...

1998-12-31

169

Structure evolution of the LiMnO{sub 2} lamellar oxide during electrochemical cycling; Evolution structurale de l`oxyde lamellaire LiMnO{sub 2} lors du cyclage electrochimique  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The LiMnO{sub 2} lamellar oxide, obtained by exchange reaction from its sodium homologue {alpha}-NaMnO{sub 2}, has been used as a positive electrode for lithium batteries. After the first electrochemical cycle, the shape of the potential-composition curve changes and indicates a change in the structure. This modification changes imperceptibly at each cycle and after about 40 cycles, a stationary state is reached. Powder spectra refinement using the Rietvelt method shows a migration of manganese ions from the thin sheets towards the inter-sheet space. After a single cycle, 8% of the manganese ions are already present in the lithium site and this rate reaches 13% after 3 cycles. During long cycling, a redistribution of ions and vacancies inside the cfc oxygenated pile leads to a structure very similar to the LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} spinel. This structure evolution is to be compared with the one obtained from the orthorhombic ...

1996-12-31

170

Relationships between bone structure in the iliac crest and bone structure and strength in the lumbar spine.  

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between histomorphometric variables of cancellous bone structure and ultimate compressive strength (UCS) in the second lumbar vertebra (L2) and to determine whether structural variables in the iliac crest are predictive of the same variables and of UCS in L2. At autopsy, 7.5 mm diameter cores were removed from the iliac crest and from L2 of 29 subjects who had died suddenly without bone disease. Cancellous bone volume (BV/TV, %) was significantly lower in L2 than in iliac crest due to lower trabecular number (Tb.N, per mm) and thickness (Tb.Th, microns). There were significant correlations between iliac crest and L2 for BV/TV, Tb.N and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp, microns), but not for Tb.Th. BV/TV was negatively correlated, and Tb.Sp was positively correlated with age at both sites. Tb.Th was not significantly correlated with age in the iliac crest, but a significant negative ...

1993-03-01

171

The B & W Owners` Group Generic License Renewal Program  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Since the late 1970s, the Babcock & Wilcox (B & W) Owners Group (BWOG) has sponsored significant activities that address technical, economic, and licensing issues to ensure that the B & W nuclear steam supply system (NSSS) power plants operate until the end of their current plant licensed life and to preserve the license renewal option. It should be no surprise that the BWOG decided in late 1992 to aggressively pursue a license renewal effort. This effort, the Generic License Renewal Program (GLRP), has over the past 18 months contributed significantly to the industry`s license renewal initiative. The GLRP was established as a project with a full-time management organization within the BWOG structure. Its primary objective was the development and demonstration of an integrated plant assessment (IPA) process that would meet the requirements of the License Renewal Rule, published by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in December 1991. The BWOG ...

1994-12-31

172

Improvement of FCR-linear tomography using digital image processing  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to improve the image quality of linear tomography performed with the Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR) system, we have examined one-dimensional unsharp mask filtering to reduce blur formed in the direction of tomographic swing. We determined a mask size and a weighting factor of the image processing suitable to obtain a quality tomogram. The mask size of 41 x 1 pixels for a 14 x 14'' imaging plate, which modifies the original image date and results in demonstrating a peak frequency at 0.2 cycles/mm for spatial frequency spectrum, is superior in showing fine vessel structures and morphological features of pathology in the lung fields. An additional spatial frequency filtration in the direction perpendicular to the tomographic movement reduces the blur and clearly demonstrates object contours running parallel to the tube movement. However, the additional filtration increases the appearance of noise on the processed image ...

1994-02-01

173

High-performance thin-film transistors fabricated using excimer laser processing and grain engineering  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High-performance polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFT`s) are fabricated using an excimer laser to recrystallize the undoped channel and dope the source-drain regions. Using a technique the authors call grain engineering they are able to control grain microstructure using laser parameters. Resulting polysilicon films are obtained with average grain sizes of {approximately}4--9 {micro}m in sub-100 nm thick polysilicon films without substrate heating during the laser recrystallization process. Using a simple four-mask self-aligned aluminum top-gate structure, they fabricate TFT`s in these films. By combining the grain-engineered channel polysilicon regions with laser-doped source-drain regions, TFT`s are fabricated with electron mobilities up to 260 cm{sup 2}/Vs and on/off current ratios greater than 10{sup 7} To their knowledge, these devices represent the highest performance laser-processed TFT`s reported to date fabricated without substrate ...

1998-04-01

174

Federal Facility Agreement plans and schedules for liquid low-level radioactive waste tank systems at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Although the Federal Facility Agreement (FFA) addresses the entire Oak Ridge Reservation, specific requirements are set forth for the liquid low-level radioactive waste (LLLW) storage tanks and their associated piping and equipment, tank systems, at ORNL. The stated objected of the FFA as it relates to these tank systems is to ensure that structural integrity, containment and detection of releases, and source control are maintained pending final remedial action at the site. The FFA requires that leaking LLLW tank systems be immediately removed from service. It also requires the LLLW tank systems that do not meet the design and performance requirements established for secondary containment and leak detection be either upgraded or replaced. The FFA establishes a procedural framework for implementing the environmental laws. For the LLLW tank systems, this framework requires the specified plans and schedules be submitted to EPA and TDEC for approval within 60 days, or ...

1992-03-01

175

EB-curing of coatings on wood composite boards  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The industrial radiation processing using low energy electron beam (EB) accelerators lower than 300 keV offers high speed, safe technologies for the chemical conversion of thin layer coatings. Because of the nonselective mode of initiating chain reaction polymerization involving free radicals in synthetic coating layers and suitable substrates, the EB curing of the coatings on woods and papers has particular advantage. Hungary decided to start an up-to-date EB line to process cement-bound (CB) wood chipboards with pigmented acrylic coatings. The CB wood chipboards contain more than 60 % of portland cement and up to 40 % of wood particles. They are produced as large boads of 6 - 16 mm thickness. In their fireproof character and other aspects, they are similar to asbestos-cement boards without containing carcinagenic asbestos, and are stable against moisture and atmospheric influences. EB-cured acrylate coating improved further those properties, and makes them ...

1988-10-01

176

Band parameters for III - V compound semiconductors and their alloys  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present a comprehensive, up-to-date compilation of band parameters for the technologically important III - V zinc blende and wurtzite compound semiconductors: GaAs, GaSb, GaP, GaN, AlAs, AlSb, AlP, AlN, InAs, InSb, InP, and InN, along with their ternary and quaternary alloys. Based on a review of the existing literature, complete and consistent parameter sets are given for all materials. Emphasizing the quantities required for band structure calculations, we tabulate the direct and indirect energy gaps, spin-orbit, and crystal-field splittings, alloy bowing parameters, effective masses for electrons, heavy, light, and split-off holes, Luttinger parameters, interband momentum matrix elements, and deformation potentials, including temperature and alloy-composition dependences where available. Heterostructure band offsets are also given, on an absolute scale that allows any material to be aligned relative to any other. [copyright] 2001 American ...

2001-06-01

177

Comparative study of infrared-stimulated luminescent and thermoluminescent dating of archaeological artefacts  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study, thermoluminescence (TL) dating of archaeological artefacts from Geboltskirchen (Upper Austria) and Haselbach (Lower Austria) has been carried out. To receive a comparison with TL dating, all samples have been investigated additionally by means of infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL) analysis. The samples were prepared according to the common fine-grain technique. All important dating parameters such as potassium concentration, thorium/uranium ratio, moisture content, etc. were determined. A methodology for IRSL was developed, describing all steps of the procedure from sample preparation to measurement for any kind of ceramic artefacts. Dating results from TL and IRSL investigations of ancient pottery from Geboltskirchen and Haselbach will be discussed.

2008-02-15

204
300

Fractures in geothermal reservoirs. Special report No. 12  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separate abstracts were prepared for thirteen papers. Two papers were abstracted previously for EDB. (MHR)

1982-01-01

301

Catalytic hydrocarbon reactions over supported metal oxides. Progress report, April 1, 1994--January 31, 1995  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oxide catalysis plays a central role in hydrocarbon processing and improvements in catalytic activity or selectivity are of great technological importance because these improvements will translate directly into more efficient utilization of hydrocarbon supplies and lower energy consumption in separation processes. An understanding of the relationships between surface structure and catalytic properties is needed to describe and improve oxide catalysts. Our approach has been to prepare supported oxides that have a specific structure and oxidation state and then employ these structures in reaction studies. Our current research program is focused on studying the fundamental relationships between structure and reactivity for two important reactions that are present in many oxide-catalyzed processes, partial oxidation and carbon-carbon bond formation. Oxide catalysis can be a complex process with both metal ...

1995-01-31

302

Lab-Tutorials for teaching quantum physics (Lab-Tutorials fuer den Quantenphysik Unterricht)  

CERN Document Server

English abstract: In the "Intuitive Quantum Physics" course, we use graphical interpretations of mathematical equations and qualitative reasoning to develop and teach a simplified model of quantum physics. Our course contains three units: Wave physics, Development of a conceptual toolbox, and quantum physics. It also contains three key themes: wave-particle duality, the Schroedinger equation, and tunneling of quantum particles. Students learn most new material in lab-tutorials in which students work in small groups (3 to 3 people) on specially designed worksheets. Lecture reinforces the lab-tutorial content and focuses more on issues about the nature of science. Data show that students are able to learn some of the most difficult concepts in the course, and also that students learn to believe that there is a conceptually accessible structure to the physics in the course. German abstract: Im Kurs "Intuitive Quantum Physics" ...

2006-01-01

303

Structure and magnetic properties of the Al1-xGaxFeO3 family of oxides: A combined experimental and theoretical study  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magnetic properties of the Al1-xGaxFeO3 family of oxides crystallizing in a non-centrosymmetric space group have been investigated in detail along with structural aspects by employing X-ray and neutron diffraction, Moessbauer spectroscopy and other techniques. The study has revealed the occurrence of several interesting features related to unit cell parameters, site disorder and ionic size. Using first-principles density functional theory based calculations, we have attempted to understand how magnetic ordering and related properties in these oxides depend sensitively on disorder at the cation site. The origin and tendency of cations to disorder and the associated properties are traced to the local structure and ionic sizes. -- Graphical abstract: We have studied both experimentally and theoretically the important role of disorder at the cation site on magnetic and related properties of the Al1-xGaxFeO3 family of oxides ...

2011-03-01

304

Wind turbulence estimates in a valley by coherent Doppler lidar  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract In this paper, the effect of several turbulence parameters during various flow conditions in Owens Valley, educed from coherent Doppler lidar data have been studied. Radial velocity structure functions are processed to estimate the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate, integral length scale and velocity variance, assuming a theoretical model for isotropic wind fields. Corrections for turbulence measurements have been considered to address the complications due to inherent volumetric averaging of radial velocity over each range gate, noise of the lidar data, and the assumptions required to estimate effects of smaller scales of motion on turbulence quantities. Using data from the Terrain-induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX) in April-May 2006, vertical profiles of wind and tur...

2011-01-01

305

The Morphology, Ontogeny, and Small Subunit rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis of Diophrys parappendiculata n. sp. (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Euplotida), a New Marine Ciliate from Coastal Waters of Southern China  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ABSTRACT. The morphology, morphogenesis, and phylogeny of Diophrys parappendiculata n. sp., a large marine ciliate isolated from the coastal waters of Daya Bay, southern China, were investigated. This new species is characterized by a combination of its large size, appendiculata-pattern of ciliature, and bipartite adoral zone of membranelles. The main stages of morphogenesis during binary fission were also recorded and described. Comparisons of morphological characteristics with similar congeners support the validity of the new species. The small subunit rRNA gene sequence of D. parappendiculata is 96.3-99.94% similar to those of four other congeners; it differs in four nucleotides from that of Diophrys appendiculata (i.e. structural similarity was 99.94%). Phylogenetic analysis indicates ...

2011-01-01

306

SAR of Cu (II) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes as Hypoxic Imaging Agents: MM3 Analysis and Prediction of Biologic Properties  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Copper(II) bis(thiosemicarbazone) are very useful for blood flow and hypoxic imaging. The aim of this study was to identify structure-activity relationships (SARs) within a series of analogues with different substitution patterns in the ligands, in order to design improved hypoxia imaging agents and elucidate hypoxia selectivity mechanisms. Genetic algorithms (GAs) were used to develop specific copper metal-ligand force field parameters for the MM3 force-field calculations. These new parameters produced results in good agreement with experiment and previously reported copper metal-ligand parameters. A successful quantitative SAR (QSAR) for predicting the several classes of Cu(II)-chelating ligands was built using a training set of 21 Cu(II) complexes. The QSAR exhibited a correlat...

2010-01-01

307

Preparation and properties of poly(propylene carbonate) and nanosized ZnO composite films for packaging applications  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A series of polypropylene carbonate (PPC)/ZnO nanocomposite films with different ZnO contents were prepared via a solution blending method. The morphological structures, thermal properties, oxygen permeability, water sorption, and antibacterial properties of the films were investigated as a function of ZnO concentration. While all of the composite films with less than 5 wt % ZnO exhibited good dispersion of ZnO in the PPC matrix, FTIR and SEM results revealed that solution blending did not lead to a strong interaction between PPC and unmodified ZnO. As such, poor dispersion was induced in the composite films with a high ZnO content. By incorporating inorganic ZnO filler nanoparticles, the diffusion coefficient, water uptake in equilibrium, and oxygen permeability decreased as the ...

2011-01-01

308

Preparation and properties of environmental friendly nonhalogen flame retardant melamine cyanurate/nylon 66 composites  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Melamine cyanurate (MCA) was utilized as an environmental friendly additive to prepare the nonhalogen flame retardant MCA/Nylon 66 composites by melt blending technique. Because of the strong hydrogen bond interactions and fine interfacial compatibility between MCA and Nylon 66, the resultant even dispersion of MCA filler in polymer matrix leads to the better toughness and strength of MCA/Nylon 66 composites than those of neat Nylon 66. Both Nylon 66 and MCA/Nylon 66 composites exhibit similar -crystalline structure, but the presence of MCA influences the distribution of 1 and 2 crystalline phases in Nylon 66 by inducing its hydrogen-bonded sheet separation. Moreover, the blending of MCA and Nylon 66 increases the crystallization temperature and exothermicity but decreases the the...

2011-01-01

309

Predatory senescence in ageing wolves  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract It is well established that ageing handicaps the ability of prey to escape predators, yet surprisingly little is known about how ageing affects the ability of predators to catch prey. Research into long-lived predators has assumed that adults have uniform impacts on prey regardless of age. Here we use longitudinal data from repeated observations of individually-known wolves (Canis lupus) hunting elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park to demonstrate that adult predatory performance declines with age and that an increasing ratio of senescent individuals in the wolf population depresses the rate of prey offtake. Because this ratio fluctuates independently of population size, predatory senescence may cause wolf populations of equal size but different age structure to have d...

2009-01-01

310

Polyester and multiwalled carbon nanotube composites: characterization, electrical conductivity and antibacterial activity  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) composites containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared using a melt-blending process and used to examine the effects on the composite structure and properties of replacing PBT with acrylic acid-grafted PBT (PBT-g-AA). PBT-g-AA and multihydroxyl-functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTs-OH) were used to improve the compatibility and dispersibility of the MWCNTs within the PBT matrix. The composites were characterized morphologically using transmission electron microscopy, and chemically using Fourier transform infrared, solid-state 13C NMR and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The antibacterial and electrical conductivity properties of the composites were also evaluated. MWCNTs or MWCNTs-OH enhanced the antibacterial activity and electric...

2011-01-01

311

Piccolo logic for a picture database computer and its implementation  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The logic named Piccolo for a picture database computer and its implementation is presented. The logic is shown to have three major advantages. One advantage is that the computer design based on this logic can handle a universal variety of pictorial data structures. Another advantage is that a set of data generated by rules such as texture distribution rules is stored in the picture computer efficiently. The third advantage is that this logic can serve as the basis of a logic for parallel processing machines. For implementation of the logic, a new methodology named architecture engineering is introduced as an architecture/design oriented methodology. Implementation case studies show the usefulness of the methodolgy. Two implementations on an abstract machine that are also on a parallel LISP machine are reported. 19 references.

1982-10-01

312

Phase-Separation Kinetics and Mechanism in a Methylcellulose/Salt Aqueous Solution Studied by Time-Resolved Small-Angle Light Scattering (SALS)  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Phase-separation dynamics are investigated by SALS in aqueous MC solutions in the presence of 5% NaCl, promoted by a quench temperature. The observed scattering peak indicates that the phase separation occurs by the SD mechanism, leading to a bicontinuous structure. A semilog plot of I(q) against time in the early stage of SD gives a straight line, but the position of qmax varies; also, a Cahn-Hilliard plot indicates that diffusive processes dominate and the data can be described by linear CHC theory. Dapp shows a kinetic dependency on the quench temperature. The spinodal temperature of the sample is 41-C. In the late stages, S(q,t) collapses into a universally time-independent curve.

2011-01-01

313

Non-Aqueous Preparation of High-Crystallinity Hierarchical TiO2 Hollow Spheres with Excellent Photocatalytic Efficiency  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract High-crystallinity hierarchical anatase TiO2 hollow spheres were prepared by a high-temperature (350 C) and non-aqueous solvothermal method in the absence of water, templates, or additives. The hollow structures were assembled from highly crystallized TiO2 nanoparticles and exhibit superior photocatalytic properties relative to those of Degussa P25 TiO2 under irradiation with UV light. The influence of reaction temperature on the crystallinity, morphology, crystallite shape and size, band gap, specific surface area, and pore size distribution of TiO2 has been studied in detail. It is evident that reaction temperature is the most important factor to increase the crystallinity of TiO2 in order to improve its charge transfer and transport properties, which are important in photocatal...

2011-01-01

314

Morphology of the first instar of Calliphora vicina, Phormia regina and Lucilia illustris (Diptera, Calliphoridae)  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract. Scanning electron microscopy documentation of first instar Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy, Phormia regina (Meigen) and Lucilia illustris (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is presented for the first time, and the following morphological structures are documented: pseudocephalon; antenna; maxillary palpus; facial mask; labial lobe; thoracic and abdominal spinulation; spiracular field; posterior spiracles, and anal pad. Light microscopy documentation and illustrations are provided for the cephaloskeleton in lateral and ventral views. New diagnostic features are revealed in the configuration of the facial mask, cephaloskeleton and posterior spiracles. The first instar morphology of C. vicina, Ph. regina and L. illustris is discussed in the light of existing knowledge about early...

2008-01-01

315

Modeling and forecasting short-term interest rates: The benefits of smooth regimes, macroeconomic variables, and bagging  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract In this paper we propose a smooth transition tree model for both the conditional mean and variance of the short-term interest rate process. The estimation of such models is addressed and the asymptotic properties of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator are derived. Model specification is also discussed. When the model is applied to the US short-term interest rate we find: (1) leading indicators for inflation and real activity are the most relevant predictors in characterizing the multiple regimes' structure; (2) the optimal model has three limiting regimes. Moreover, we provide empirical evidence of the power of the model in forecasting the first two conditional moments when it is used in connection with bootstrap aggregation (bagging). Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

2011-01-01

316

Measuring the scale of segregation in mixing data  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Four methods were used to extract length scales from mixing data: the maximum striation thickness, point-to-nearest-neighbour (PNN) distributions, the correlogram and the variogram. Four test data sets were analysed: blending in a micromixer; particle dispersion in a stirred tank; dispersion of a smoke plume and a pulse tracer test in a reactor. The maximum striation thickness captures the largest length scale. The PNN method quantifies differences between clustered, random and regular spatial distributions. The correlogram calculation cannot be consistently used for all types of mixing data and has therefore been rejected. The variogram reveals both large-scale segregation and periodicity. Sub-sampling is needed to isolate smaller structures. The variogram, PNN and transect metho...

2011-01-01

317

Language and Music in the Musician Brain  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Results of numerous experiments conducted over the past 15-years by using behavioural as well as brain imaging methods have shown that musical expertise influences brain anatomy, brain functions and behaviour. The musician- brain is thus considered as a very good model of brain plasticity. Moreover, many results have demonstrated that musical expertise not only impacts on music processing but also on several aspects of speech processing including lexical pitch, sentence intonation and the metric structure of words. Conversely, recent results indicated that linguistic expertise with tone or quantity languages such as Mandarin Chinese, Thai, Finnish and Japanese, influences the processing of harmonic tones and musical intervals. We discuss possible interpretations of these findings ...

2011-01-01

318

International Union of Forest Research Organization 19th world congress proceedings  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An international conference on forestry research presented papers on topics including forest mensuration, growth and yield; growth/yield relationships; design, performance, and evaluation of experiments; forest resource inventory and monitoring techniques; forest management, planning, and managerial economics; forestry and rural development in developing countries; forestry in sustainable economic development; conceptual advances in multiple-use forestry evaluations; economic evaluation of forest damages; supply and demand of roundwood and forest industry products; forestry and rural development in industrialized countries; analysis and evaluation of forest policies; forest institutions and organizations; biological and economic considerations when harvesting young thinning stands; applied sector modelling; and structural changes of the forest sector in a global perspective. Separate abstracts have been prepared for 3 papers from this ...

1990-01-01

319

Hydrothermal faunal assemblages and habitat characterisation at the Eiffel Tower edifice (Lucky Strike, Mid-Atlantic Ridge)  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The Eiffel Tower edifice is situated in the Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent field at a mean depth of 1690-m on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). At this 11-m-high hydrothermal structure, different faunal assemblages, varying in visibly dominant species (mussels and shrimp), in mussel size and in density of mussel coverage, were sampled biologically and chemically. Temperature and sulphide (-S) were measured on the different types of mussel-based assemblages and on a shrimp-dominated assemblage. Temperature was used as a proxy for calculating total concentrations of CH4. Based on the physico-chemical measurements, two microhabitats were identified, corresponding to (i) a more variable habitat featuring the greatest fluctuations in environmental variables and (ii) a second, more stable, ...

2011-01-01

320

Enamel-Calibrated Lamellar Bone Reveals Long Period Growth Rate Variability in Humans  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Mammalian teeth exhibit incremental structures representing successive forming fronts of enamel at varying time scales, including a short daily increment called a cross striation and a long period called a stria of Retzius, the latter of which, in humans, occurs on average every 8-9 days. The number of daily increments between striae is called the repeat interval, which is the same period as that required to form one increment of bone, i.e. the lamella, the fundamental - if not archetypal - unit of bone. Lamellae of known formation time nevertheless vary in width, and thus their measures provide time-calibrated growth rate variability. We measured growth rate variability for as many as 6 years of continuously forming primary incremental lamellar bone from midshaft femur histologic...

2011-01-01

321

Does Using the Internet Make People More Satisfied with Their Lives? The Effects of the Internet on College Students' School Life Satisfaction  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ABSTRACT This research examined whether the Internet improves life satisfaction. The study surveyed 195 college students, and a structural model was built to explain effects of the Internet on school life satisfaction using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In line with social cognitive theory and literature on social effects of the Internet, current data supported the hypotheses that Internet use, perceived online social support, and online social self-efficacy had direct positive impacts on school life satisfaction. Offline extroversion, online extroversion, online social self-efficacy, and online social outcome expectations influenced school life satisfaction indirectly: offline extroversion acted through social online self-efficacy and online extroversion; online social self-effica...

2008-01-01

322

Characteristics of batch rotor-stator mixer performance elucidated by shaft torque and angle resolved PIV measurements  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Characteristics of batch rotor-stator mixer performance are elucidated by shaft torque and angle resolved 2D PIV measurements obtained in a full-scale, custom build, bottom-mounted, rotor-stator mixer unit operating in the turbulent regime with water as working fluid. Measurements have been acquired at various rotor speeds corresponding to impeller based Reynolds numbers between 2.0--105 and 8.5--105. The use of a transparent Plexiglas stator facilitated PIV measurements inside and outside the stator as well as into the stator slots themselves. The governing mechanisms controlling the complex flow structures, flow rates, power dissipation, velocity fields, strain rate fields and turbulence intensity fields are explained, highlighting the influence on rotor-stator mixer performance...

2011-01-01

323

Calcium phosphate glass-ceramics for bioactive coating on a #beta#-titanium alloy  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The formation of a porous coating is the decisive feature for the bio-compatibility of silica-free calcium phosphate glass ceramics on alloy surfaces like the #beta#-Ti structured Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr used in this work. The ceramic composition is highly important: 50CaO-40P_2O_5-7Na_2O-3TiO_2 glass powder produces a pore-free coating unable to bind hydroxyapatite, whereas 60CaO-30P_2O_5-7Na_2O-3TiO_2 glass incorporates pores from which a crystalline hydroxyapatite phase can grow over the surface from simulated body fluid (see Figure). (Abstract Copyright [2003], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

2003-07-01

324

Adaptive smearing for Brillouin zone integration  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract We suggest a simple scheme for automatically determining the width parameter of smearing methods of the Brillouin zone integration in electronic structure calculation. The scheme retains one free parameter that at any time can be eliminated by choosing a denser k-space mesh until the desired accuracy is obtained. The tests are carried out in the context of Methfessel-Paxton smearing. This adaptive Gaussian smearing (AGS) is easily implemented, variational with respect to partial occupancies and free from spurious occupancies that are negative or larger than one. Its convergence properties are similar to those obtained with the modified tetrahedron method for energy resolution of -0.1 meV. 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011

2011-01-01

325

A data centered collaboration portal to support global carbon flux analysis  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Carbon climate, like other environmental sciences, has been changing. Large scale synthesis studies are becoming more common. These synthesis studies are often conducted by science teams that are geographically distributed and on data sets that are global in scale. A broad array of collaboration and data analytics tools are now available that could support these science teams. However, building tools that scientists actually use is difficult. Also, moving scientists from an informal collaboration structure to one mediated by technology often exposes inconsistencies in the understanding of the rules of engagement between collaborators. We have developed a scientific collaboration portal, called fluxdata.org, which serves the community of scientists providing and analyzing the globa...

2010-01-01

326

A Detector for 2-D Neutron Imaging for the Spallation Neutron Source  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abstract - We have designed, built, and tested a 2-D pixellated thermal neutron detector. The detector is modeled after the MicroMegas-type structure previously published for collider-type experiments. The detector consists of a 4X4 square array of 1 cm 2 pixels each of which is connected to an individual preamplifier-shaper-data acquisition system. The neutron converter is a 10B film on an aluminum substrate. We describe the construction of the detector and the test results utilizing 252Cf sources in Lucite to thermalize the neutrons.Drift electrode (Aluminum) Converter (10B) 3 mm Conversion gap neutron (-900 V)

2006-07-01

327

nerrs.noaa.gov - Training  

Science.gov (United States)

partnerships led to the passage of a legislation creating a stormwater authority with Baldwin County, AL. The Coastal Training Program provides up-to-date scientific information...

2011-09-24

328

Worldwide Report, Telecommunications Policy, Research and ...  

Science.gov (United States)

... 80 Briefs New Television Transmitter 81 Matadi Satellite Earth Station Inaugurated (Kinshasa AZAP, various dates) 82 Ramazani Marks Opening ...

1985-12-31

329

Self-Development: An Important Aspect of Leader ...  

Science.gov (United States)

... counseling, and by requiring raters and senior raters to review subordinate ILPs semi-annually and/or at the OER / NCOER due date. ...

2003-04-07

330

Retrospective search on non forest energy crops  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This literature survey covers the period 1969 to date including sugar crops, hydrocarbon bearing arid plants, aquaculture/aquatic biomass systems, and alcohol fuels.

1981-01-01

331

Retirement Plng Wrkshp FERS  

Science.gov (United States)

The workshop topics consist of FERS, FEGLI, FEHBP, Disability, Deposit/Redeposit ; TSP, Annual/Sick Leave, Annuity Calculation, Best Date to Retire, COLA's, ...

332

Reliability of a seminar grading rubric in a grand rounds course  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Purpose:Formal presentations are a common requirement for students in health professional programs, and evaluations are often viewed as subjective. To date, literature describing...Full Text Available

333

R/V Laurence M. Gould LMG0303 - Development of a luminescence - NASA  

Science.gov (United States)

R/V Laurence M. Gould LMG0303 - Development of a luminescence dating capability for Antarctic glaciomarine sediments: Tests of signal zeroing at the ...

334

Naltrexone and Combined Behavioral Intervention Effects on Trajectories of Drinking in the COMBINE study  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveCOMBINE is the largest study of pharmacotherapy for alcoholism in the United States to date, designed to answer questions about the benefits of combining...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

335

NASA Sets Launch Dates for Remaining Space Shuttle Missions  

Science.gov (United States)

Jul 7, 2008 ... HOUSTON -- Following a detailed, integrated assessment, NASA selected ... in the center that provides a 360-degree view around the station. ...

336

Luminescence dating of marine and fluvial sediments ... - GCMD - NASA  

Science.gov (United States)

INAA (instrumental neutron activation analysis) analyses have been made of subsamples of each OSL (Optically stimulated luminescence) sample, for dosimetry ...

337

LPR 3451.1 Effective Date - Langley Management System - NASA  

Science.gov (United States)

Apr 18, 2011 ... TOA period, sick leave may be granted for the period of ..... civil service retirement under the CSRS and FERS retirement programs. ...

338

ITCD - HOME COMPUTER SECURITY TRAINING  

Science.gov (United States)

Explore security settings for home equipment, learn how to browse safely and securely, and keep your computer up to date and secure. Explore different account ...

339

Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) - NASA  

Science.gov (United States)

The fields in this dataset are: Date Lake Depth Dissolved Organic Carbon Dissolved carbohydrates and amino acids Inorganic Nutrient Concentrations Primary ...

340

Evaluation of a Biometric Keystroke Typing Dynamics ...  

Science.gov (United States)

... i3a TYPT OF REPORT 13b TIME COVERED 14 DATE OF RF ... automation system when used in conjunction with other standard security measures. ...

1992-03-01

341

Electronic Warfare Technology - Trends and Visions  

Science.gov (United States)

... I3a. -YPE OF REPORT T7b 7,ME COVEE 14 DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month. ... the addition of various materials to the standard flare in order to ...

1990-05-01

342

ESR dating of fault rocks  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Past movement on faults can be dated by measurement of the intensity of ESR signals in quartz. These signals are reset by local lattice deformation and local frictional heating on grain contacts at the time of fault movement. The ESR signals then trow back as a result of bombardment by ionizing radiation from surrounding rocks. The age is obtained from the ratio of the equivalent dose, needed to produce the observed signal, to the dose rate. Fine grains are more completely reset during faulting, and a plot of age vs grain size shows a plateau for grains below critical size : these grains are presumed to have been completely zeroed by the last fault activity. We carried out ESR dating of fault rocks collected from the Yangsan fault system. ESR dates from the this fault system range from 870 to 240 ka. Results of this research suggest that long-term cyclic fault activity continued into the pleistocene.

2002-03-15

343

Division of Solar Energy - NASA Technical Reports Server  

Science.gov (United States)

Metal-semiconductor solar cells reported to date exhibit inherently low output voltages. This effect isa consequence of high diode "saturation" ...

344

Development of an Adaptive Tsetse Population Management Scheme for the Luke Community, Ethiopia  

Science.gov (United States)

... African agro-pastoral system: Management of tsetse and bovine trypanosomiasis. Ecological Economics 65:1, 125-135Online publication date: ... ...

345

Deformation and seismicity of Taiwan  

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

14C-dated Holocene coastal uplift, conventional and satellite geodetic measurements, and coseismic and aseismic fault slip reveal the pattern of distributed deformation at Taiwan resulting...Full Text Available

2000-10-10

346

An Investigation of Filled and Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride,  

Science.gov (United States)

... Personal Author(s) : Tarasenko,Yu. G. ; Venediktov,MV ; Dyshchenko,VP ; Kolupaev,BS. Report Date : 25 AUG 1972. Pagination or Media Count : 16 ...

1972-08-25

347

A bibliography of AECL publications on reactor safety  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

AECL Publications on Reactor Safety in CANDU Reactors are listed in this bibliography. The listing is chronological and the accompanying index is by subject. The bibliography will be brought up to date annually. (auth).

1995-05-08

348

2009 Conference on Field and Service Robotics, FSR '09  

Science.gov (United States)

... Our primary work to date in this area has been with the Automated Transport and Retrieval System (ATRS) [1]. ATRS enables independent mobility ...

2011-05-15

349

The frontal weapon of the termite Armitermes euamignathus Silvestri (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae)  

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english Frontal weapon is the term used to designate the apparatus consisting of frontal gland and associated structures that participate in the chemical defense of termite soldiers. The ultra structure of the frontal gland and the scanning microscopy of the soldier head was investigated in the termite Amiitermes euamignathus Silvestri, 1901.Campaniform sensilla was not observed but there were 80 to100 sensory bristles around the frontal pore. The glandular epithelium shows only (more) class 1 cells according 10 the classification of NOIROT & QUENNEDEY (1974, 1991). The glandular cells are characterized by apical microvilli, a basal labyrinth and a large quantity of smooth endoplasmic reticulum which forms dense zones throughout the cytoplasm. The secretion is concentrated mainly in the basal pole of the cell and consists of large lipid droplets. The secretory epithelium is covered by a thick apical cuticle ...

2001-06-01

350

Structural Characterization and Photoluminescent Properties of (La1-xSmx)2Ti2O7 Solid Solutions Synthesized by a Sol-Gel Route  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A series of compounds with the general formula (La1-xSmx)2Ti2O7 (0-- x --1.0) has been synthesized by a sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These compounds are structurally isomorphic to perovskite-type La2Ti2O7 until a substitution rate of x = 0.8. Above this substitution rate (x >-0.8), a biphasic mixture is obtained between the substituted perovskite layered phase and the pyrochlore Sm2Ti2O7 phase. The unusual phosphor (La1-xSmx)2Ti2O7 has been elaborated and its luminescent properties were investigated for low rates of substitution. The emission and excitation spectra were used to study the luminescent properties. The (La1.9Sm0.1)2Ti2O7 powders emit bright red-orange lightunder UV excitation. The emission propert...

2011-01-01

351

Nanocrystal conversion chemistry: A unified and materials-general strategy for the template-based synthesis of nanocrystalline solids  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The concept of nanocrystal conversion chemistry, which involves the use of pre-formed nanoparticles as templates for chemical transformation into derivative solids, has emerged as a powerful approach for designing the synthesis of complex nanocrystalline solids. The general strategy exploits established synthetic capabilities in simple nanocrystal systems and uses these nanocrystals as templates that help to define the composition, crystal structure, and morphology of product nanocrystals. This article highlights key examples of 'conversion chemistry' approaches to the synthesis of nanocrystalline solids using a variety of techniques, including galvanic replacement, diffusion, oxidation, and ion exchange. The discussion is organized according to classes of solids, highlighting the diverse target systems that are accessible using similar chemical concepts: metals, oxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, alloys, intermetallic compounds, sulfides, and nitrides. - Graphical ...

2008-07-01

352

Baryon history and cosmic star formation in non-Gaussian cosmological models: numerical simulations  

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract We present the first numerical,-N-body, hydrodynamical, chemical simulations of cosmic structure formation in the framework of non-Gaussian models. We study the impact of primordial non-Gaussianities on early chemistry (e-, H, H+, H-, He, He+, He++, H2, H+2, D, D+, HD, HeH+), molecular and atomic gas cooling, star formation, metal (C, O, Si, Fe, Mg, S) enrichment, Population-III (popIII) and Population-II-I (popII) transition and on the evolution of -visible- objects. We find that non-Gaussianities can have some consequences on baryonic structure formation at very early epochs, but the subsequent evolution at later times washes out any difference among the various models. When assuming reasonable values for primordial non-Gaussian perturbations, it turns out that they are responsi...

2011-01-01

353

Synthesis, crystal structure and nonlinear optical property of Rb3V5O14  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The new nonlinear optical crystal Rb3V5O14 has been synthesized by solid state reaction and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR and thermogravimetric analysis. The crystal Rb3V5O14 crystallizes in the trigonal system with space P31m (No. 157), a=b=8.7134(12) A, c=5.2807(11) A and ?=90o, ?=90o, ?=120o, Z=1, ?=3.516 g/cm3. It is a layered structure that is very flat and strongly parallel to c. The V5O14 layer structure consists of corner-linked square and triangular pyramids. The layers are separated by Rb+ ions, which fit equally well on the V5O14 layer. The Kurtz powder SHG measurement, using 1064 nm radiation, showed that the second-harmonic generation efficiency of Rb3V5O14 is about two times that of KDP. -- Graphical abstract: The new nonlinear optical crystal Rb3V5O14 has been synthesized by solid state reaction and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR and thermogravimetric analysis. ...

2010-12-01

354

Evidence of network demixing in GeS2-Ga2S3 chalcogenide glasses: A phase transformation study  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The information of phase transformation is attained by in situ XRD experiments leading to the knowledge of topological threshold in GeS2-Ga2S3 glasses. The turning point of phase transformation behavior is demonstrated to be glasses containing 14-15 mol% Ga2S3. To interpret it a network demixing model is further improved and proposed for the structure of these ternary or quasi-binary chalcogenide glasses. For the nearest-neighbor coordination environment of glass with a transitional composition of 85.7 mol% (6/7) GeS2.14.3 mol% (1/7) Ga2S3, six-coordinated [S3Ga-X-GaS3] units (X=S or None) are well isolated by the [GeS4] structures, which contributes to the decreasing of precipitation of Ga2S3 crystals in (100-x)GeS2-xGa2S3 (x?14.3) glasses corresponding to the experimental evidence of the phase transformation behavior. This scenario of intermediate-range structural order, firstly, includes the arrangement of ...

2011-03-01

355

Ecobalance of thermoplastic materials. El balance medioambiental de los productos termoplasticos  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The creation of a methodology about the Ecobalance of the main plastic materials manufactured in Europe is very helpful for many questions relating with these matters. This methodology is necessary for the EC and most of its members. It is important that these analysis have available, precise and up-to-date information. In order that these dates are well-known, the european industry of plastics recognised and started an ambitious project two years ago and now we can see the first results.

1994-01-01

356

Proceedings of the 8th ocean energy conference  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separate abstracts were prepared for 62 papers in this volume of conference proceedings. Two other papers were previously abstracted for EDB. (LEW)

1981-06-01

357

Nuclear medicine and imaging research. Progress report, January 1, 1980-December 31, 1980. [Lead Abstract  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separate abstracts were prepared for the 5 subprojects designated as projects 1 to 4 and 6 in this progress report. (KRM)

1980-09-01

358

7th international symposium on photosynthetic prokaryotes. Abstracts  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book contains the abstracts of all the presentations made either in oral or poster form, at the VII International Symposium on Photosynthetic Prokaryotes.

1991-12-31

359

Synthesis and crystal structure of a new open-framework iron phosphate (NH4)4Fe3(OH)2F2[H3(PO4)4]: Novel linear trimer of corner-sharing Fe(III) octahedra  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A new iron phosphate (NH4)4Fe3(OH)2F2[H3(PO4)4] has been synthesized hydrothermally at HF concentrations from 0.5 to 1.2 mL. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals its three-dimensional open-framework structure (monoclinic, space group P21/n (No. 14), a=6.2614(13) A, b=9.844(2) A, c=14.271(3) A, ?=92.11(1)o, V=879.0(3) A3). This structure is built from isolated linear trimers of corner-sharing Fe(III) octahedra, which are linked by (PO4) groups to form ten-membered-ring channels along [1 0 0]. This isolated, linear trimer of corner-sharing Fe(III) octahedra, [(FeO4)3(OH)2F2], is new and adds to the diverse linkages of Fe polyhedra as secondary building units in iron phosphates. The trivalent iron at octahedral sites for the title compound has been confirmed by synchrotron Fe K-edge XANES spectra and magnetic measurements. Magnetic measurements also show that this compound exhibit a strong antiferromagnetic exchange below TN=17 K, ...

2010-12-01

360

Usefulness of Computed Tomography in pre-surgical evaluation of maxillo-facial pathology with rapid prototyping and surgical pre-planning by virtual reality  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose. To validate a protocol for creating virtual models to be used in the construction of solid prototypes useful for the planning-simulation of maxillo-facial surgery, in particular for very complex anatomical and pathologic problems. To optimize communications between the radiology, engineering and surgical laboratories. Methods and materials. We studied 16 patients with different clinical problems of the maxillo-facial district. Exams were performed with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and single slice computed tomography (SDCT) with axial scans and collimation of 0.5-2 mm, and reconstruction interval of 1 mm. Subsequently we performed 2D multiplanar reconstructions and 3D volume-rendering reconstructions. We exported the DICOM images to the engineering laboratory, to recognize and isolate the bony structures by software. With these data the solid prototypes were generated using stereolitography. To date, surgery has been ...

2005-11-01

361

The main activities and scientific collaboration possibilities at Ankara Nuclear research and training center  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Founded in 1964, Ankara Nuclear Research and Training Center (ANRTC) conducts and facilitates the scientific activities including training (summer practice, MSc and Ph D studies in physics and chemistry, IAEA fellowship programs etc.), research and other studies in nuclear and related fields. As it's a part of main duties, ANRTC has analysis on the variety of samples, and radiation protection services commercially, for radiation workers in state, public and private sectors. Research, development and application projects implemented in this Center have mostly been supported by State Planning Organization (SPO) and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority (TAEA). In addition to the projects there are on going collaborative studies with some national Universities and International Atomic Energy Agency. The main activities carried out in ANRTC can be summarized as: studies on experimental nuclear physics, application of nuclear techniques such as XRF, XRD, Gamma, Alpha, etc. for ...

2004-10-01

362

The glacial inception as recorded in the NorthGRIP Greenland ice core: timing, structure and associated abrupt temperature changes  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mechanisms involved in the glacial inception are still poorly constrained due to a lack of high resolution and cross-dated climate records at various locations. Using air isotopic measurements in the recently drilled NorthGRIP ice core, we show that no evidence exists for stratigraphic disturbance of the climate record of the last glacial inception ({proportional_to}123-100 kyears BP) encompassing Dansgaard-Oeschger events (DO) 25, 24 and 23, even if we lack sufficient resolution to completely rule out disturbance over DO 25. We quantify the rapid surface temperature variability over DO 23 and 24 with associated warmings of 10{+-}2.5 and 16{+-}2.5 C, amplitudes which mimic those observed in full glacial conditions. We use records of {delta}{sup 18}O of O{sub 2} to propose a common timescale for the NorthGRIP and the Antarctic Vostok ice cores, with a maximum uncertainty of 2,500 years, and to examine the interhemispheric sequence of events over this period. ...

2006-02-01

363

The Effects of Various Design Parameters on the Free Vibration of Doubly Curved Composite Sandwich Panels  

Science.gov (United States)

Sandwich panels have a very high stiffness to weight ratio, which makes them particularly useful in the aerospace industry where carbon fibre reinforced plastics and lightweight honeycomb cores are being used in the construction of floor panels, fairings and intake barrel panels. In the latter case, the geometry of the panels can be considered doubly curved. This paper presents an introduction to an ongoing study investigating the dynamic response prediction of acoustically excited composite sandwich panels which have double curvature. The final objective is to assess and hopefully produce an up to date set of acoustic fatigue design guidelines for this type of structure. The free vibration of doubly curved composite honeycomb sandwich panels is investigated here, both experimentally and theoretically, the latter using a commerically available finite element package. The design and manufacture of three test panels is covered before presenting ...

2000-02-01

364

Supramolecular Structures for Photochemical Energy Conversion  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

OAK B188 The goal of this project is to mimic the energy transduction processes by which photosynthetic organisms harvest sunlight and convert it to forms of energy that are more easily used and stored. The results may lead to new technologies for solar energy harvesting based on the natural photosynthetic process. They may also enrich our understanding and control of photosynthesis in living organisms, and lead to methods for increasing natural biomass production, carbon dioxide removal, and oxygen generation. In our work to date, we have learned how to make synthetic antenna and reaction center molecules that absorb light and undergo photoinduced electron transfer to generate long-lived, energetic charge-separated states. We have assembled a prototype system in which artificial reaction centers are inserted into liposomes (artificial cell-like constructs), where they carry out light-driven transmembrane translocation of hydrogen ions to generate proton motive ...

2003-08-26

365

Scope and construction of a gas and oil atlas series of the Gulf of Mexico: Examples from Texas offshore lower Miocene plays  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An atlas series about the offshore northern Gulf of Mexico will group gas and oil reservoirs into subregional plays and will display reservoir data on a computerized geographical information system. The atlas series will provide critically compiled reservoir engineering data to help the private sector explore and develop hydrocarbons and to help the public sector analyze the hydrocarbon endowment in this basin. In this report, we cover aspects of the play-analysis procedure and provide specific examples of lower Miocene plays from the upper Texas coast and Federal Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). Play analysis emphasizes using broad classes of structural style, depositional style and environments, and defining attributes to group reservoirs into plays. To date, we have identified 4 Oligocene and 25 Miocene plays in Texas State offshore waters and 115 plays in the Federal OCS. Texas State offshore plays are gas prone (cumulative production 3.7 ...

1994-12-31

366

Key Performance Criteria Affecting the Most the Safety of a Nuclear Waste Long Term Storage : A Case Study Commissioned by CEA  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As part of the work scope set in the French law on high level long lived waste R&D passed in 1991, CEA is conducting a research program to establish the scientific basis and assess the feasibility of long term storage as an option for the safe management of nuclear waste for periods as long as centuries. This goal is a significant departure from the current industrial practice where storage facilities are usually built to last only a few decades. From a technical viewpoint such an extension in time seems feasible provided care and maintenance is exercised. Considering such long periods of time, the risk for Society of loosing oversight and control of such a facility is real, which triggers the question of whether and how long term storage safety can be actually achieved. Therefore CEA commissioned a study (1) in which MUTADIS Consultants (2) and CEPN (3) were both involved. The case study looks into several past and actual human enterprises conducted over significant periods o ...

2003-02-24

367

Hot atom labeling of myoglobin and hemoglobin and biophysical studies of oxygen and CO binding to carp hemoglobin  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Human Hb, the monomeric Hb of Glycera dibranchiata and horse Mb were modified by replacement of the protoheme with 2,4-dibromodeuteroheme. Following neutron capture by "7"9Br and "8"1Br, the locations of radioactive Br were determined. Although human Hb had approximately four times the mass and volume of the other proteins, about 9% of the activated Br was inserted into each of the three globins. These results suggest that the insertion is short-range (within 15 angstrom) and that this method could be used to label target sites in various proteins and other biological structures. Carp Hb's containing proto-, meso-, deutero- and dibromoheme were prepared. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for oxygen and CO binding were determined at Ph 6 (+IHP) (T-state, low-affinity protein) and Ph 9 (R-state, high-affinity protein). Parameters for the binding of oxygen and CO were related to the properties of the four hemes to estimate the inductive and steric factors in the ...

368

Exotic nuclear spectroscopy: towards the doubly-magic Sn-100  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Modern nuclear spectroscopy boosts the study of the nuclear matter towards extreme conditions: large excitation energies, high spins, and new nuclear species with unusual ratio between the numbers of neutrons and protons. One of the 'exotic' nuclear regions, practically not studied until now, is the upper part of the N=Z line, from about N#approx#Z#approx#36 to Sn-100, probably the heaviest bound nucleus with N=Z. These nuclei lie close to the proton-drip line. Due to their special composition, it is expected that their study will reveal some phenomena which are less encountered in the nuclei studied till now. In particular, of outstanding interest is the fact that these are the only nuclei which may provide information on the properties of the neutron-proton pairing forces. In spite of its large interest, this nuclear region is exceedingly difficult to reach with the present techniques. The lecture follows the latest results and efforts in the study of the heaviest nuclei with ...

2001-10-18

369

Degradation of materials under conditions of the sulfur-iodine thermochemical cycle  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The sulfur-iodine (SI) thermochemical cycle is one of the main candidate methods to produce hydrogen from non-fossil sources like nuclear (GEN IV reactor) or solar thermal power. A major issue for the successful implementation of the SI cycle is the selection of technically viable and economic materials for construction of process components, particularly heat exchangers. Challenging conditions are encountered in each of the three sections of the SI cycle due to the corrosive chemicals present, including sulfuric acid, iodine, hydroiodic acid, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen, oxygen, and others. In Section I, aqueous, non-aqueous (liquid iodine), and gaseous multi-component phases are present at about 120 {sup o}C and 0.7 MPa. Section II involves gaseous and aqueous phases of sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide, and oxygen at up to about 830 {sup o}C and 3.6 MPa. In Section III , aqueous, non-aqueous, and gaseous phases, at up to 310 {sup o}C and 2.2 MPa, containing iodine, hydroiodic acid, ...

2009-07-01

370

Analysis of organic sulfur and nitrogen in coal via tandem degradation methods. Technical report, 1 December 1992--28 February 1993  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

N/C and S/C ratios show only minor differences between asphaltenes and coal on this basis, the asphaltenes continue to appear to be good surrogates for the characterization of organic acid rain precursors in coal. Alkylmethoxythiophene carboxylic acids (ATCA) are detected in all dichromate oxidation products analyzed to date. Relative concentrations of ATCA compounds are directly proportional to the sample`s bulk organic sulfur contents. Concentrations of ATCA compounds in oxidation products decrease upon repeated oxidation. This may indicate that the thiophenic groups tend to be located in external positions on the coal macromolecular structure and a high proportion of them can be stripped away with only one mild oxidation step. If true, this may make industrial-scale removal of organic sulfur easier than expected. Using analytical micropyrolysis-gas chromatography with a sulfur-selective flame photometric detector, it is possible to easily ...

1993-05-01

371

An overview of the development of the first wall and other principal components of a laser fusion power plant  

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper introduces the JNM Special Issue on the development of a first wall for the reaction chamber in a laser fusion power plant. In this approach to fusion energy a spherical target is injected into a large chamber and heated to fusion burn by an array of lasers. The target emissions are absorbed by the wall and encapsulating blanket, and the resulting heat converted into electricity. The bulk of the energy deposited in the first wall is in the form of X-rays (1.0-100 keV) and ions (0.1-4 MeV). In order to have a practical power plant, the first wall must be resistant to these emissions and suffer virtually no erosion on each shot. A wall candidate based on tungsten armor bonded to a low activation ferritic steel substrate has been chosen as the initial system to be studied. The choice was based on the vast experience with these materials in a nuclear environment and the ability to address most of the key remaining issues with existing facilities. This overview paper is divided ...

2005-12-15

372

A concept for an advanced computer-based building envelope design tool  

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A review of current daylighting design tools indicates that over 30 tools are now available, including nomographs, protractors, overlays, and programs for micro-, mini-, and mainframe computers. Computer-based tools allow testing and analyzing of more design alternatives under a wider variety of conditions than was previously practical with slower techniques, but they have not fundamentally changed the information available to the design professional. These tools are applicable to certain limited functions of the design process and do not address the varying information needs of the designer at various points in the design process. We describe a concept for a computer-based building envelope design tool that is structured to overcome many of the limitations of the existing tools. The tool would address daylighting design in the context of the overall building envelope design, covering a range of environmental quality issues in addition to quantitative aspects of ...

1986-11-01

423

Oecd Nuclear Energy Agency First Activity Report.  

Science.gov (United States)

For abstract, see NSA 29 07, number 17945.

1972-01-01

491

BIOCHEMISTRY BRANCH ABSTRACTS  

Science.gov (United States)

... The anti-tumor drugs used for these studies were: busulfan, cyclophosphamide, metho- trexate, vinblastine and 6-mercaptopurine. ...

1968-01-01