Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

He ions incident at grazing angles on Cu(110) and Ni(110) surfaces are neutralised into triplet and singlet states, of which the 3p, 3d and 4d upper states are accessible to optical spectroscopy. In the energy range from 500 eV to 15 keV no significant energy dependence of the relative intensities of singlet and triplet lines was observed for scattering on Cu(110). The intensities from Ni(110) are higher and the singlet to triplet intensity ratio of the 3d to 2p transition is about 6% smaller than that from Cu(110). The results can be explained well by assuming resonant charge capture into excited He and intermediate formation of negative He/sup -/ states.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I discuss several examples of critical phenomena in O(N) models where topological excitations play an important role at criticality. I focus particular attention on the O(2) model in 3D, where recent measurements of the vortex string length distribution in equilibrium suggest the existence of a quantitative picture of the critical behavior in terms of defects. The compatibility of this perspective with renormalization group predictions is examined.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A diode-laser fluorescence experiment was performed in order to study fine-structure transitions between 5"2P states of rubidium atoms colliding with ground-state potassium or caesium atoms. The Rb(5"2P_3_/_2) state was optically excited and the intensity ratio of sensitized to direct fluorescence was measured. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this study is three folds: to compare the eight-channel phased-array and standard circularly polarized (CP) head coils in visualiazation of the intracranial vessels, to compare the three-dimentional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) techniques, and to define the effects of parallel imaging in 3D TOF MRA. Fifteen healthy volunteers underwent 3D TOF MRA of the intracranial vessels using eight-channel phased-array and CP standard head coils. The following MRA techniques were obtained on each volunteer: (1) conventional 3D TOF MRA with magnetization transfer; (2) 3D TOF MRA with water excitation for background suppression; and (3) low-dose (0.5 ml) gadolinium-enhanced 3D TOF MRA with water ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The experimental has been performed with a view to studying complete and incomplete fusion in "1"4N + "1"6"3D_y system below 7 MeV/nucleon. The excitation functions for several reactions have been measured using the activation technique and compared with the theoretical predictions based on statistical models. The codes ALICE-91 and CASCADE used earlier for the analysis of excitation functions in case of "1"2C + "1"6"5H_0 system have been used here also with the same set of input parameters. It has been observed that the theoretical calculations do not match with the experimental excitation functions well but the overall shape of the excitation function is reproduced satisfactorily. The composite nucleus ("1"7"7T_a) formed in this ("1"4N + "1"6"3D_y) case is the same as the one formed in "1"2C + "1"6"5H_0 system studied ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Human K2P3.1 (TASK1) channels represent potential targets for pharmacological management of atrial fibrillation. K2P channels control excitability by stabilizing membrane potential and by expediting repolarization. In the heart, inhibition of K2P currents by class III antiarrhythmic drugs results in action potential prolongation and suppression of electrical automaticity. Carvedilol exerts antiarrhythmic activity and suppresses atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery or cardioversion. The objective of this study was to investigate acute effects of carvedilol on human K2P3.1 (hK2P3.1) channels. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Two-electrode voltage clamp and whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology was used to record ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Applying diode-laser resonant fluorescence method, the cross sections for the excitation energy transfer of the collisional process K"*(4"2P_1_/_2)+Cs(6"2S_1_/_2)#reversible#K"*(4"2P_3_/_2)+Cs(6"2S_1_/_2) have been measured. The values we have obtained are #sigma#(1/2#->#3/2)=77 A"2 and #sigma#(3/2#->#1/2)=48 A"2. These results complete the sequence of data for the fine-structure mixing of the first-resonance states of alkali atoms colliding with the ground-state caesium atoms. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

Cross sections for excitation induced by electron collision between low-lying 1s{sup 2}2s{sup 2}2p{sup 5} and 1s{sup 2}2s2p{sup 6} states of f-like selenium and from these states to singly excited states with the excited electron occupying the M shell have been calculated by relativistic distorted-wave Born procedures. The GRASP{sup 2} code was used for the atomic structure calculations. The continuum orbitals for the construction of continuum states were computed in the distorted-wave approximation, in which the distorted-wave potential used was the spherically averaged potential of the nucleus plus the potential of the bound electrons of the bound state. The cross sections for excitations were computed first by a 233-level multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) configuration expansion and then by a 279-level MCDF ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The decay channels of the Ar 2s"-"1 and 2p"-"1 and Kr 3p"-"1 and 3d"-"1 electronic hole states have been investigated by means of photoelectron-photoion coincidence measurements following innershell ionization using synchrotron radiation. With the method of final ion-charge resolving electron spectroscopy it has become possible to disentangle different contributions to the electron spectrum and to determine the decay probabilities P(nl"-"1#->#n+) of the above-mentioned hole states (nl"-"1) to the final ionic charge states n+. A high correlation with threefold or even fourfold charged ions has been found in all cases. Possible decay routes, via cascade or direct double Auger processes, are discussed on the basis of energy-level schemes calculated with the Hartree-Fock method. Special emphasis is laid on the examination of the Kr 3p"-"1 decay process, where the two fine-structure components (j=1/2,3/2) ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Absolute, cascade-free excitation cross sections in an ion have been measured for the resonance "2S#->#"2P transition in Zn"+ using electron-energy-loss and merged electron-ion beams methods. Measurements were carried out at electron energies of below threshold to 6 times threshold. Comparisons are made with 2-, 5-, and 15-state close-coupling and distorted-wave theories. There is good agreement between experiment and the 15-state close-coupling cross sections over the energy range of the calculations.

Science.gov (United States)

Electron collisional data are required for population kinetics modeling and spectral predictions of highly ionized ions in high-temperature plasmas. Nickel-like ions are especially interesting for their potential use in soft X-ray laser schemes pumped by electron collisional excitation and recombination. For highly stripped ions of moderate to high Z, relativistic effects begin to play a role in the atomic-physics calculations. A relativistic multiconfigurational distored-wave model has been used for the calculation of electron excitation cross sections and rate coefficients between the 3s2 3p6 3d10 Ni-like Gd ground state and the singly excited states with an N-shell electron.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Energy-filtered X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (EXPEEM) is a microscopy technique which has the potential to provide surface chemical mapping during surface chemical processes on the nanometer scale. We studied the possibilities of EXPEEM using a Wien filter type energy analyzer in the high energy X-ray region above 1000 eV. We have successfully observed the EXPEEM images of Au islands on a Ta sheet using Au 3d_5_/_2 and Ta 3d_5_/_2 photoelectron peaks which were excited by 2380 eV X-rays emitted from an undulator (BL2A) at Photon Factory. Our recent efforts to improve the sensitivity of the Wien filter energy analyzer will also be discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

K?-to-K? X-ray intensity ratios of Ti and Ni have been measured in pure metals and in alloys of TixNi1-x (x=0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4 and 0.3) following excitation by 22.69 keV X-rays from a 10 mCi 109Cd radioactive point source. The valence-electron configurations of these metals were determined by corporation of measured K?-to-K? X-ray intensity ratios with the results of multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculation for various valence-electron configurations. Valence-electron configurations of 3d-transition metals in alloys indicate significant differences with respect to the pure metals. Our analysis indicates that these differences arise from delocalization and/or charge transfer phenomena in alloys. Namely, the observed change of the valence-electron configurations of metals in alloys can be explained with the transfer of 3d electrons from one element to the other element and/or the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

K{beta}-to-K{alpha} X-ray intensity ratios of Ti, Cr, Fe and Co in pure metals and in Cr{sub 0.26}Fe{sub 0.74}, Cr{sub 0.80}Co{sub 0.20} and Ti{sub 0.80}Cr{sub 0.20} alloys have been measured following excitation by 59.54 keV {gamma}-rays from a 7400 MBq (200 mCi) {sup 241}Am point-source. The valence electronic structure of Ti, Cr, Fe and Co in the samples have been evaluated by the comparison of the measured K{beta}-to-K{alpha} intensity ratios with the results of multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations performed for various electronic configurations of these metals. The 3d-electron populations obtained for pure metallic Ti, Cr, Fe and Co agree well with the results of band structure calculations of Papaconstantopoulos (Handbook of band structure of elemental solids, Plenum Press, New York, 1986). Our analysis indicates significant increase of 3d-electron population of Ti, Cr ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The total and state-specific electron-ion recombination rate coefficients are obtained for FeI. The calculations are carried out using a new ab initio method that incorporates both the radiative and the dielectronic recombination processes in an unified and self-consistent manner. The computations employ the close coupling approximation and the R-matrix method from atomic collision theory. A 52 state close coupling eigenfunction expansion dominated by the states of the ground 3d{sup 6}4s and excited 3d{sup 7}, 3d{sup 6}4p, 3d{sup 5}4s{sup 2}, and 3d{sup 5}4s4p configurations of FeII are used in the present calculations. The important electron correlation and radiation damping effects are included via explicit coupling of autoionization and radiative channels. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The magnicon is a highly attractive candidate to be the RF source for a future multi-Tev linear collider. Physical models and computer codes have been developed which can provide start-to-end self-consistent simulations of a magnicon, including precise simulations of the high-convergence electron gun, RF-system, magnetic system, and beam collector. The 3-D beam dynamics simulations include realistic fields, finite beam size and transverse space charge effects. The codes allow one to provide steady-state simulations of the entire tube, so as to evaluate transient process of magnicon excitation, parasitic mode self-excitation, stability analysis, and tolerance analysis. The results of the simulations are found to be in good agreement with magnicon experiments. A brief description of the physical models and simulation codes employed will be given.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Excitation functions ({alpha},3n) and ({alpha},4n) for {sup 209}Bi have been measured up to 60 MeV {alpha}-particle energy. The excitation functions are measured at 15{alpha}-particle energies by a stack foil technique in two steps. Excitation functions for the above two reactions have been reported for the first time in the energy range from 40 to 60 MeV. The measured experimental values are compared with the geometry-dependent hybrid (GDH) model in which the emission of particles prior to the equilibrium decay is taken into account whenever the interaction of projectile with the target nucleus is considered. It is found that the compound nucleus decay mechanism alone is unable to explain the experimental trend of our data. The initial exciton number 4 with different configurations has been tested and it is concluded that the configuration (2n + 2p + 0h) gives the best fit to the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Electron-excitation cross sections are reported for the 3s "2S#->#3p "2P(h,k) resonance transition in Mg"+ at energies from threshold (4.43 eV) to approximately 9 times threshold (40.0 eV). The electron-energy-loss merged-beams technique used in these measurements is described in detail. In addition, the method of separating contributions of the elastically scattered (Coulomb) and the inelastically scattered electrons in the present Mg"+ case and previously reported Zn"+ results [Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 30 (1991)] is described. Comparisons in the experimental energy range are made for Mg"+ with the two five-state close-coupling theoretical calculations carried out herein, and with other published close-coupling, distorted-wave, and semiempirical calculations. The present Mg"+ cross sections and Zn"+ cross sections from earlier measurements are tabulated.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

For the first time, absolute cross sections for electron-impact excitation of a multiply charged ion have been measured using an electron-energy-loss technique. Cross sections for e+Si"3"+(3s "2S_1_/_2)#->#e+Si"3"+(3p "2P_1_/_2_,_3_/_2)-8.88 eV have been measured with an accuracy of #+-#20% (at 90% confidence level) over a narrow energy range (#+-#0.6 eV) about the threshold energy with an energy resolution of 0.2 eV. Results are in good agreement with close-coupling calculations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Doubly-excited 2s{sup -1}2p{sup -1}3pnp autoionizing resonance series of Ne atom as well as autoionizing resonances in the 2s region of Na and Mg atoms have been studied with monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Use of charge-separated photoion-yield method allowed us to detect these weak resonances in a clarified way in the yield curves of doubly-charged ions. The observed resonance states have been interpreted with the help of MCDF calculations, and the decay processes of these resonance states are discussed briefly.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The software package VIBA-lab1, which incorporates PIXE and RBS energy spectra simulation has now been extended to include the simulation of elemental maps from 3D structures. VIBA-lab1 allows the user to define a wide variety of experimental parameters, e.g. energy and species of incident ions, excitation and detection geometry, etc. When the relevant experimental parameters as well as target composition are defined, the program can then simulate the corresponding PIXE and RBS spectra. VIBA-LAB2 has been written with applications in nuclear microscopy in mind. A set of drag-and-drop tools has been incorporated to allow the user to define a three-dimensional sample object of mixed elemental composition. PIXE energy spectra simulations are then carried out on pixel-by-pixel basis and the corresponding intensity distributions or elemental maps can be computed. Several simulated intensity distributions for some ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

K#beta#-to-K#alpha# X-ray intensity ratios of Ti, V, Cr, and Co in pure metals and their disilicide compounds have been measured following excitation by 59.54 keV #gamma#-rays from a 200 mCi "2"4"1Am point-source. The K#beta#-to-K#alpha# intensity ratios of all these metals in the disilicide compounds are found to be less than the corresponding ratios for pure metals. Comparison of the measured K#beta#-to-K#alpha# intensity ratios for the disilicides and pure metals with the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations indicates increase of the 3d electron populations of Ti, V, Cr, and Co in the disilicides from their pure metal values suggesting the rearrangement of electrons between 3d and 4s states of the individual metal atom. This rearrangement is found to be opposite to that observed in our previously reported work on NiSi_2 and CuSi_2.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radial sonic crystals (RSC) are fluidlike structures infinitely periodic along the radial direction that verify the Bloch theorem and are possible only if certain specially designed acoustic metamaterials with mass density anisotropy can be engineered (see Torrent and Sanchez-Dehesa 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 064301). A comprehensive analysis of two-dimensional (2D) RSC shells is reported here. A given shell is in fact a circular slab with a central cavity. These finite crystal structures contain Fabry-Perot-like resonances and modes strongly localized at the central cavity. Semi-analytical expressions are developed to obtain the quality factors of the different resonances, their symmetry features and their excitation properties. The results reported here are completely general and can be extended to equivalent 3D spherical shells and to their photonic counterparts.

Science.gov (United States)

Polycrystalline powders of Na{sub 2x}Mn{sub 1-x}PS{sub 3} have been synthesized from layered MnPS{sub 3} material by successive ion-exchange intercalation of potassium and sodium ions. Their x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and x-ray excited Auger spectroscopy spectra have been measured at room temperature using Mg K{alpha} (1253.6 eV) x-ray source. In particular, the Mn, P, and S 2p and Na 1s and 2p core-level regions and the Na Auger KL{sub 23}L{sub 23} transition have been investigated. All the analyzed XPS core-level spectra display a single-peak structure, suggesting the absence of nonequivalent atoms of Na, Mn, P, and S. The manganese XPS spectrum shows, as observed in MnPS{sub 3} and in its cesium and potassium intercalation compounds, typical shake-up satellites, suggesting that the Mn-S bond is yet mainly ionic in nature. The comparison with the XPS spectra relative ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radionuclides exhibiting in decaying a strong interaction between nucleus and electron shell (especially electron capture and internal conversion) are, in principle, sensitive to their chemical surroundings. Consequently, they can be used to yield chemical information after an appropriate labelling procedure. The information can be extracted from the decay rate variation as well as from their X-ray emission as a response to an inner-shell vacancy creation during nuclear deexcitation. As an example of the former method the relationship between the decay rate of /sup 99m/Tc and the chemical structures of pertechnetate and bis(meso-dimercapto-succinate)oxotechnetate(V) is considered. Lower expectations with respect to measuring techniques are associated with the observation of X-ray emission. For a number of elements (especially 3d transition elements) the K/sub ..cap alpha..//K/sub ..beta../ X-ray intensity ratio was found to be an indicator of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this thesis, a new ab-initio method for molecular dynamics within the framework of density functional theory was developed and implemented. It is strongly related to the projector-augmented-wave method (PAW) by P. Bloechl, but also includes elements of a pseudocharge method proposed by M. Weinert for the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FLAPW). Like the FLAPW-method, the PAW-method is an all-electron method. In the later case, the hamiltonian takes quite a simple form similar to the one obtained when using normconserving Kleinman-Bylander-type pseudopotentials or ultrasoft Vanderbilt pseudopotentials. The PAW-method allows for an efficient calculation of systems containing virtually any element of the periodic table, including those which require high numerical effort when treated using normconserving pseudopotentials (e.g. 2p-elements like oxygen or 3d-transitional metals like ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A number of fragment ion onsets from the photoionization of CH/sub 3/SCCSCH/sub 3/ and CH/sub 3/SSSCH/sub 3/ have been measured. In addition, our experiment has been converted to a molecular beam source which will increase the precision of our measurements. Exhaustive oxidation of the divalent sulfur to sulfonic acids serves to quench the effects of quadrupolar broadening and thereby allowing for quantitative evaluation of structurally similar sulfonic acids. W/sub 1/2/ are reduced to < 25 Hz at 19 MHz (57,500 Gauss). Electronegative substituents shield the /sup 33/S nucleus perhaps imploying more efficient 2p-3d..pi.. backbonding between sulfur and oxygen. ..cap alpha..-Hetero substituents of sulfonyl groups do not influence the shift of the /sup 33/S to a dramatic extent. The exception is the dianion of thiosulfate compared to the dianion of sulfate. Lanthanide shift reagents, (Eu(fod)/sub 3/), are ...

Medline Plus

... see and electrophysiological study and catheter ablation with 3D mapping. During the procedure, doctors look at the ... perform a electrophysiology study with ablation, using our 3D mapping system. Keep in mind, that during the ...

Medline Plus

... stenosis. It looks from the transesophageal and the 3-D echo that most of the problem is really ... posterior leaflet, which you can see on the 3-D echo image is a major source. The anterior ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In order to reduce the number of surface mining accidents related to low visibility conditions and blind spots of trucks and to provide 3D information for truck drivers and real time monitored truck information for the remote dispatcher, a 3D assisted driving system (3D-ADS) based on the GPS, mesh-wireless networks and the Google-Earth engine as the graphic interface and mine-mapping server, was developed at Virginia Tech. The research results indicate that this 3D-ADS system has the potential to increase reliability and reduce uncertainty in open pit mining operations by customizing the local 3D digital mining map, constructing 3D truck models, tracking vehicles in real time using a 3D interface ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

K#beta#-to-K#alpha# x-ray intensity ratios of Fe and Ni in pure metals and in Fe_xNi_1_-_x alloys (x=0.20, 0.50, 0.58) exhibiting similar crystalline structure have been measured following excitation by 59.54 keV #gamma# rays from a 200 mCi "2"4"1Am point source to understand why the properties of the Fe_xNi_1_-_x (x=0.2) alloy are distinct from other alloy compositions. The valence electronic structure of Fe and Ni in the samples has been evaluated by comparing the measured K#beta#-to-K#alpha# intensity ratios with the results of multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations. Significant changes in the 3d electron population (with respect to the pure metal) are observed for Fe and Ni for certain alloy compositions. These changes can be explained by assuming rearrangement of electrons between 3d and (4s,4p) band states of the individual metal atoms. It has been found that the valence ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using a Q3D magnetic spectrometer the elastic and inelastic scattering of /sup 12/C on /sup 88/Sr and the neutron pick-up (/sup 12/C, /sup 13/C) has been studied. The spin alignment of the inelastically excited 2/sup +/ state of /sup 12/C (4.43 MeV) has been deduced from the line shapes broadened by the ..gamma..-decay in flight. Thus for each m-substate a full angular distribution was obtained. The m = 1 substate shows a shifted interference minimum, which is explained by the different strength of the Coulomb and nuclear amplitudes in the m-substates. The analysis of the data on elastic scattering, inelastic scattering, alignment and the neutron transfer can be described consistently with one choice of the optical model parameters.

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Photochromes for New Generation of Highly Efficient Computers with Three Dimensional (3D) Optical Memory

Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bremstrahlung Isochromat Spectroscopy (BIS). The XES spectra were collected using a Specs electron gun for the excitation and the XES 350 grating monochromator and channel plate system from Scienta as the photon detection. Spectra were collected in 'normal mode,' where the electron gun kinetic energy (KE) and the energy position of the center of the channel plate were both fixed and the energy distribution in the photon (hv) spectrum was derived from the intensities distributed across the channel plate detector in the energy dispersal direction. The polycrystalline Ce sample was oxidized by exposure to air at ambient pressures. After introduction to the ultra-high vacuum system, the oxidized sample was bombarded with Ar, to clean the topmost surface region and stabilize the surface and near surface regions. Although CeO{sub 2} would be the thermodynamically preferred composition in an oxygen rich environment, the combination of a vacuum ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ultraviolet (UV) upconversion (UC) luminescence in Yb3+/Er3+-codoped yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanocrystals can be enhanced by orders of magnitude via tridoping further with Li+ ions under diode laser excitation of 970 nm. Sensitized three-photon UC radiations at 390 and 409 nm, corresponding to the 4G11/2?4I15/2 and 4H9/2?4I15/2 of Er3+ ions, respectively, present an enhancement time of about 33 times, which is larger than the 24 times enhancement for the UC green radiation. The UV UC radiation at 320 nm that corresponds to the 2P3/2?4I15/2 of Er3+ ions has also been greatly enhanced. Theoretical calculations interpret that all the observed enhancement times of UV UC radiations arise from the prolonged lifetimes of their intermediate states.

Medline Plus

... CT angiograph for the peripheral rteries. a beautiful 3D-vision on the structures inside e chest. Okay. ... have an angled camera here. This is a 3D camera, and the surgeon has got th What ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Motivation: Cell tracking is an important method to quantitatively analyze time-lapse microscopy data. While numerous methods and tools exist for tracking cells in 2D time-lapse images,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The 3-D spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images of the retina often do not reflect the true shape of the retina and are distorted differently along the x and y...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In many radiotherapy clinics, geometric uncertainties in the delivery of 3D conformal radiation therapy and intensity modulated radiation therapy of the prostate are reduced by aligning the...Full Text Available

Medline Plus

... Exercises: Day and Night Classroom Exercises: Pinhole Focusing 3D Vision and Eye Health < Contact Lenses Monovision Playlist: ...

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... Exercises: Day and Night Classroom Exercises: Pinhole Focusing 3D Vision and Eye Health < Caring for Your Vision ...

Science.gov (United States)

The mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) is used as a preplant soil fumigant. In comparison with individual fumigants, application of a mixture may affect the environmental dissipation and fate of each chemical, such as emission and degradation. We investigated the degradation of CP, 1,3-D, and their mixture in fresh soils and sterile soils, and evaluated the competitive characteristic of fumigants in the mixture. The degradation of low concentrations of CP in fresh soil was accelerated at early times in the presence of 1,3-D, whereas the addition of CP reduced the degradation rate of trans-1,3-D, possibly by inhibiting the activity of trans-1,3-D degrading microorganisms. The potential of applying amendments to the soil to increase the rate of CP and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

3d occupation numbers of the transition elements corresponding to various types of atomic configurations are calculated by means of the linear muffin-tin orbital (LMTO) method. This data is used with the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) X-ray intensity ratios to estimate the electron populations of the 3d metals in alloys.

CERN Multimedia

Conference excitement recalled by "CERN courier" report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Portuguese 2006 [2 p.] Brazil Salazar, Gloria Del Carmen Melendez .

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three-dimensional seismic wavefields may be extrapolated in depth, one frequency at a time, by two-dimensional convolution with a circularly symmetric, frequency- and velocity-dependent filter. This depth extrapolation, performed for each frequency independently, lies at the heart of 3-D finite-difference depth migration. The computational efficiency of 3-D depth migration depends directly on the efficiency of this depth extrapolation. McClellan transformations provide an efficient method for both designing and implementing two-dimensional digital filters that have a particular form of symmetry, such as the circularly symmetric depth extrapolation filters used in 3-D depth migration. Given the coefficients of one-dimensional, frequency- and velocity-dependent filters used to accomplish 2-D depth migration, McClellan transformations lead to a simple and efficient ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany's national metrology institute, developed an alignment strategy to specify elemental depth profiling in vertical sidewall layers on structured wafers. For this purpose, PTB's irradiation chamber for 200 mm and 300 mm silicon wafers was used to combine total-reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) and grazing incidence XRF (GIXRF) techniques by employing monochromatized undulator radiation of the BESSY II electron storage ring. 3-D test structures were fabricated to develop an optimal alignment strategy allowing for depth profiling in such nanolayers. The test structures consisted of silicon bars with widths/spacings either in the {mu}m or in the nm range. In order to be able to differentiate the sidewalls more easily from the remainder of the structures, they were provided with an additional silicon nitride layer. Four structure types of different bar width and density ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Evaluation and interpretation of CT colonography is based on both 2D and 3D techniques. The 2D techniques are popular mainly because the time needed for evaluation is short. The 3D techniques allow better definition than the 2D techniques, especially of polyps close to folds or at the base of a fold. The evaluation strategies generally accepted so far (primarily 2D, with 3D for problem cases, or vice versa) demand knowledge of both 2D and 3D techniques. Newer 3D visualization techniques help make it possible to acquire more complete and faster recording particularly of areas that are not easily accessible to endoscopic examination. These user-friendly developments are thus well suited to improving the detection and the security of detection of polyps. It must be remembered that ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A 2-D model has been proposed to investigate the approximate estimation of the natural convection heat loss from modified cavity receiver of without insulation (WOI) and with insulation (WI) at the bottom of the aperture plane in our previous article. In this paper, a 3-D numerical model is presented to investigate the accurate estimation of natural convection heat loss from modified cavity receiver (WOI) of fuzzy focal solar dish concentrator. A comparison of 2-D and 3-D natural convection heat loss from a modified cavity receiver is carried out. A parametric study is carried out to develop separate Nusselt number correlations for 2-D and 3-D geometries of modified cavity receiver for estimation of convective heat loss from the receiver. The results show that the 2-D and 3-D are comparable only at higher angle of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the construction work for the Unit No.5 Turbine Building at Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station, the collaboration work for the planning and the coordination of the building construction and the machinery installation was carried out utilizing three-dimensional computer aided design (3D CAD) information. It was the first time in Japan for a building constructor and a plant manufacturer to work together, exchanging 3D CAD data of the whole building and adjusting the construction schedule. It was made possible to confirm the correspondence concerning the planning of both companies from the primary stage of the project by the total process simulation and to adjust on-going work precisely by the partial process simulation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... de-excitation excited states gamma radiation inelastic scattering mev range

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Portuguese 2004 2 p. Brazil Resende, Jarbas Magalhaes Vieira, Gessy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oct 1976. 2 p. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington,

Medline Plus

... Neglect (12) Co-Occurring Disorders (75) Conduct Disorders (3) D Dementia (2) Depression (51) Driving While Intoxicated (17) ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A 2-D model has been proposed to investigate the approximate estimation of the natural convection heat loss from modified cavity receiver of without insulation (WOI) and with insulation (WI) at the bottom of the aperture plane in our previous article. In this paper, a 3-D numerical model is presented to investigate the accurate estimation of natural convection heat loss from modified cavity receiver (WOI) of fuzzy focal solar dish concentrator. A comparison of 2-D and 3-D natural convection heat loss from a modified cavity receiver is carried out. A parametric study is carried out to develop separate Nusselt number correlations for 2-D and 3-D geometries of modified cavity receiver for estimation of convective heat loss from the receiver. The results show that the 2-D and 3-D are comparabl...

Science.gov (United States)

mulation, with flow quantities stored at the grid vertices. OVERFLOW ..... attack: a separation bubble near the trailing edge of the ..... AGARD CP-429, Jul. 1988. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An experimental investigation was made of the #gamma#-transitions feeding or de-exciting the 1355 keV isomeric state in "1"7"7Ta. The E2/M1 mixing ratios for the 311 keV interband transition from the isomer and for the 271 keV and the 295 keV intraband transitions within the rotational band on the isomer were determined to be delta = 0.29sup(+0.11)sub(-0.06), 0.25sup(+0.05)sub(-0.03) and 0.30sup(+0.06)sub(-0.08), respectively, employing combined measurements of the linear polarization and angular distribution of the #gamma#-ray with the aid of conversion electron measurements. Spin and parity assignments of the isomer were confirmed to be 21/2"-. The half-life of the isomer was remeasured to be Tsub(1/2) = 5.0 +- 0.2 #mu#s and the magnetic moment was found to be #mu# = 0.080 +- 0.014 #mu#sub(N). The gsub(K) and gsub(R) factors for the band on the isomer were deduced separately to be gsub(K=21/2"-) = 0.062sup(+0.011)sub(-0.008) and gsub(R) = ...

Science.gov (United States)

Bone is a complex, highly structured, mechanically active, three-dimensional (3-D) tissue composed of cellular and matrix elements. We previously published a report on in situ collagen gelation using a rotary 3-D culture system (CG-RC system) for the construction of large tissue specimens. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility of bone tissue engineering using our CG-RC system. Osteoblasts from the calvaria of newborn Wistar rats were cultured in the CG-RC system for up to 3 wk. The engineered 3-D tissues were implanted into the backs of nude mice and calvarial round bone defects in Wistar rats. Cell metabolic activity, mineralization, and bone-related proteins were measured in vitro in the engineered 3-D tissues. Also, the in vivo histological features of the transplanted, engineered ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The non-natural pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside F, which pairs preferentially with guanine (G) and adenine (A) within double-helical DNA, recognizes with high selectivity AT base pairs within triple-helical...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Our studies on K#beta#/K#alpha# X-ray intensity ratios of some of the technologically important 3d-transition metal compounds have been reviewed. Comparison of the experimental results with single-configuration Dirac-Fock calculations provided important information on the valence states of the transition metals in various compounds, which can be helpful in understanding the nature of bonding in the compounds. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chemical influences on the relative Ksub(..beta..)/Ksub(..cap alpha..) x-ray intensity ratio up to five per cent were found for different chemical constitutions of Cr, Mn, Fe and Cu by very precise PIXE measurements. In the discussion of these effects, screening of 3p electrons by a varying 3d valence charge, as well as polarizational effects are of importance.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Development of a number of original 3-D migration methods and algorithms is described. The computational efficiency of these algorithms is demonstrated by implementing them on vector and parallel supercomputers. Two-dimensional post-stack and pre-stack depth migration algorithms in the frequency - space domain using implicit finite difference method were also developed and implemented on a parallel computer, and adapted for applications that range from deep crustal imaging of seismic wavefields that involve wide ranging travel times and frequencies. All implicit finite difference migration algorithms were highly prallelized . The one pass 3-D post-stack depth migration algorithm was extensively used for imaging of seismic monitoring data from Cold Lake, Alberta. Experience shows that it provides the right trade-off between accuracy and computational efficiency. A new formulation of the ...

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We have studied the nucleation and growth processes in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond film using a tomographic electron backscattering diffraction method (3D EBSD). The approach is based on the combination of a focused ion beam (FIB) unit for serial sectioning in conjunction with high-resolution EBSD. Individual diamond grains were investigated in 3-dimensions particularly with regard to the role of twinning.

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Much of the current technology on 3D-prestack depth migration is based on the Kirchhoff method and the traveltime information needed for this purpose is obtained by the ray-theory approximation. The main motivation driving these options is to reduce computations but it can also have an adverse effect on the quality of results. Experience with real data indicates that the corresponding poststack data migrated by the reverse-time method often yields superior results. Considerable computational efficiency can be obtained by employing nonuniform coarse grid spacing during the reverse-time migration. We followed this strategy for developing a parallel scheme for doing 3D- prestack depth migration. However, we worked only on a small subset of shot gathers whose determined by the Quasi-Monte Carlo method. The results were indistinguishable from those obtained by using a much larger population of uniformly ...

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This document is a user`s manual for the Rn3D finite element code. Rn3D was developed to simulate gas flow and radon transport in variably saturated, nonisothermal porous media. The Rn3D model is applicable to a wide range of problems involving radon transport in soil because it can simulate either steady-state or transient flow and transport in one-, two- or three-dimensions (including radially symmetric two-dimensional problems). The porous materials may be heterogeneous and anisotropic. This manual describes all pertinent mathematics related to the governing, boundary, and constitutive equations of the model, as well as the development of the finite element equations used in the code. Instructions are given for constructing Rn3D input files and executing the code, as well as a description of all output files generated ...

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Beam-foil spectroscopy techniques have been used to study intercombination transitions in Be-like Fe{sup 22+} and B-like Fe{sup 21+}. The method of time delayed spectroscopy was used to identify the Be-like 2s{sup 2} {sup 1}S{sub 0}-2s2p {sup 3}P{sub 1} and B-like 2s{sup 2}2p {sup 2}P{sub 3/2}-2s2p{sup 2} {sup 4}P{sub 5/2} transitions. Intensity decay curves for these transitions were recorded and level lifetimes were obtained. The latter were found to be 17.5 {+-} 1.5 ns for the Be-like 2s2p {sup 3}P{sub 1} level and 14.8 {+-} 1.0 ns for the B-like 2s2p{sup 2} {sup 4}P{sub 5/2} level. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The results of studies of the time-resolved luminescence of self-trapped excitons (STE) with different multiplicity as well as the X-ray emission in oriented BeO crystals under excitation in the vicinity of the 1 s Be photoabsorption edge are presented. The branching of the electronic excitations relaxation depends strongly on the crystal orientation after the inner-shell excitation. The common features between the processes of the STE luminescence and resonantly excited X-ray fluorescence have been discussed.

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The surface losses in the drift-tube linac (DTL) tanks 3 and 4 of the LANSCE linear accelerator are calculated using 3-D electromagnetic modeling with the CST MicroWave Studio (MWS). The results are used to provide more realistic power estimates for the 201.25MHz RF upgrade design within the LANSCE-R project. We compared 3-D MWS results with those from traditional 2-D Superfish computations for DTL cells and their simplified models and found differences on the level of a few percent. The differences are traced to a 3-D effect consisting in a redistribution of the surface currents on the drift tubes (DT) produced by the DT stem. The dependence of MWS results on the mesh size used in computations is also discussed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objectives To investigate the feasibility and reproducibility of measurements of nasal bone length using a three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound in the first trimester. Methods In a prospective study, 118 consecutive pregnant women attending for Down syndrome screening at 11-13 + 6 weeks were recruited. They had successful fetal nasal bone measurement by two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound by four operators. Three-dimensional volumes were recorded in the mid-sagittal plane of fetal profile by the fifth operator and examined using multiplanar techniques. Another independent investigator randomly compared his measurements with one of the four operators. Results In the subsequent 3D examination, the nasal bone length could be examined in 94 cases (79.7%). The mean difference between the 2D and 3D mea...

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A three-dimensional (3D) thermal-hydraulic model and a numerical procedure for the simulation and analysis of a steady-state, as well as transient operation of nuclear power plant components are presented. A two-fluid approach is applied to modelling of two-phase flow. Thermal-hydraulics of a horizontal steam generator in the WWER 1000 nuclear power plant has been simulated at the full load, steady-state operation. A comparison of the numerical results with data measured at the NPP Novovoronjezh shows good agreement. 3D numerical results can be used in plant design or retrofitting, in nuclear power plant operation and safety analysis and as improvement of existing one-dimensional thermal-hydraulics models of the horizontal steam generator which are assessed by system codes used for the nuclear power plant safety analyses. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper describes a comprehensive model of wastewater treatment in secondary facultative ponds, which combines 3D hydrodynamics with a mechanistic water quality model. The hydrodynamics are based on the Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible fluids under shallow water and Boussinesq assumptions capturing the flow dynamics along length, breadth and depth of the pond. The water quality sub model is based on the Activated Sludge Model (ASM) concept, describing COD and nutrient removal as function of bacterial growth following Monod kinetics, except for Escherichia coli removal, which was modelled as first order decay. The model was implemented in the Delft3D software and was used to evaluate the effect of wind and the addition of baffles on the water flow pattern, temperature profiles i...

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... coriolis force de-excitation excited states half-life iridium 187 multipolarity

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Jun 1973. 2 p. United States USAEC Directorate of Regulatory Standards,

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English 2004 2 p. Brazil Rocha, RM Centro Tecnico Aeroespacial (CTA),

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Portuguese 2008 2 p. Brazil Silva, Diogo Lima da Andrade, Leonardo

Science.gov (United States)

Jun 10, 2011 ... Subsonic flow past a semi-infinite flat plate is modeled at Reynolds number 6 ..... data is taken from Cook, McDonald, and Firmin, AGARD-AR-138, 1979, p. ...... too large a time-averaged separation bubble behind the hump. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A robust technique for determining the principal axes of a 3D shape represented by a point set, possibly with noise, is presented. We use techniques from robust statistics to guide the classical...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

We propose the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) as an alternative method for locating periodic orbits in a three--dimensional (3D) model of barred galaxies. We develop an appropriate scheme that transforms the problem of finding periodic orbits into the problem of detecting global minimizers of a function, which is defined on the Poincar\\'{e} Surface of Section (PSS) of the Hamiltonian system. By combining the PSO method with deflection techniques, we succeeded in tracing systematically several periodic orbits of the system. The method succeeded in tracing the initial conditions of periodic orbits in cases where Newton iterative techniques had difficulties. In particular, we found families of 2D and 3D periodic orbits associated with the inner 8:1 to 12:1 resonances, between the radial 4:1 and corotation resonances of our 3D Ferrers bar model. The main ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

There has been a controversy as to whether or not the non-pathological flat foot and high-arched foot have an effect on human walking activities. The 3D foot scanning system was employed to obtain static...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Metacad is a collection of routines which creates a randomly accessible data structure from Applicon's APPLE-3D data format and supplies a logical method for manipulation of the data structure by a CAD application program.

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Experiments are performed to investigate the single-phase flow and flow-boiling heat transfer augmentation in 3D internally finned and micro-finned helical tubes. The tests for single-phase flow heat transfer augmentation are carried out in helical tubes with a curvature of 0.0663 and a length of 1.15 m, and the examined range of the Reynolds number varies from 1000 to 8500. Within the applied range of Reynolds number, compared with the smooth helical tube, the average heat transfer augmentation ratio for the two finned tubes is 71% and 103%, but associated with a flow resistance increase of 90% and 140%, respectively. A higher fin height gives a higher heat transfer rate and a larger friction flow resistance. The tests for flow-boiling heat transfer are carried out in 3D internally micro-finned helical tube with a curvature of 0.0605 and a length of 0.668 m. Compared with that in the smooth helical ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three dimensional data of brain from the formalin-fixed fetuses were collected without isolation, by the 4.7 tesla super high magnetic field MRI and the developmental process of the cerebral parenchyma was studied by 3D images. Subjects were 13 fetal brain and MRI was performed using 3D-steady-state free precession sequence. The isolated brain is very soft and fragile and is deformed by its weight at the imaging. However 3D-MRI can be obtained without isolation, and the deformation is remarkably small. The subependymal germinal matrix layer did not be observed in 7 weeks-old fetus, appeared at 9 weeks-old and increased gradually. Then it rapidly reduced from 28 weeks-old. The volume calculated, from 3D-MRI, increased rapidly from 9 weeks-old to 23 weeks-old, and reached the maximum (2.346 mm"3) at 23 weeks-old. The ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The objective was to study the interaction of a side jet with the incoming supersonic flow and hypersonic flow. Qualitatively same Cp trends have been obtained as found experimentally. Also in aerodynamic coefficients side jet interaction results in additional pitching moment which is because of the high pressure region in upstream of the jet and a low pressure region in the downstream of the jet. Also jet interaction results in the rise in the lift coefficient. Whereas in the incidence case, simulation has been performed for the hypersonic flows over a biconic body with supersonic lateral jet at Mach 9.7 and incidence of 0"o to incidence of -12"o and 12"o. The results obtained were compared with the experimental and CFD code CFL3D results. PAK-3D over predicts the surface pressure as compared to the CFL3D and experimental results, whereas the qualitative trends ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A new 3D model is developed to simulate the self-oscillation of the elongated vocal folds. This model allows for large deformation and longitudinal displacement. The displacement boundary condition...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Developing in vitro engineered hepatic tissues that exhibit stable phenotype is a major challenge in the field of hepatic tissue engineering. However, the rapid dedifferentiation of...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Twenty-seven patients with symptoms or clinical findings suggesting joint or bone disorders of the anterior chest wall (ACW) were evaluated by spiral CT with 3-dimensional (3-D) and multiplanar reconstructions. Preceding conventional ACW tomography was performed in 10 patients. ACW joint and bone changes were visualized more adequately by coronal 2-D reconstructions based on spiral CT than by conventional tomography. In addition, nonossified costal cartilages and soft tissue lesions were demonstrated. 3-D reconstructions sometimes added information, especially in patients with fracture and dislocation. (orig.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The term biological motion is often used by researchers studying the patterns of movement generated by living forms and in sports. We studied a pattern recognition system of motion in sport using biological motion data. Biological motion data are acquired using a 3D motion capture system. However, 3D motion capture systems are very expensive. In this article, a biological motion capture system was built using acceleration sensors. Our proposed system uses the technique of Gaussian fitting and regression analysis. We tested our proposed system in pattern recognition of outdoor tennis and its evaluations.

Science.gov (United States)

A series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diones and intermediates was tested for anticonvulsant activity in mice. Eleven of the 15 compounds possessed anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions. One compound afforded more anticonvulsant protection against pentylenetetrazol than did trimethadione (67 and 50%, respectively). A suspension of this compound was found to be as effective as a solution in producing anticonvulsant activity. The results suggest that the nitrile analogs were more potent compared to the carbamyl analog due to higher lipid solubility. PMID:7373552

Science.gov (United States)

Neutron scattering techniques have been used to measure the static structure and magnetic excitations in amorphous magnets. Sum rules and computer models are used to discuss the relationship between the static disorder and the shape of the excitation spectrum. Polarized beam measurements of chi''(Q,E) are compared to analytical theories and computer calculations for the magnetic excitations in amorphous ferromagnets.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss the search of excited leptons and quarks with spin 1/2 at #gamma##gamma# and at #gamma#e colliders. We show that #gamma##gamma# colliders have important advantages for the observation of excited leptons and quarks in comparison with ee, ep, and pp colliders discussed in previous papers. These collisions give a simple test for the chirality of the l"*l#gamma# transition. The anomalous magnetic moment of excited leptons can be observed when its value is not too small. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

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No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Values of frequency splittings in the lithium isotopes have been determined with the aid of laser-induced fluorescene in a supersonic beam, perpendicularly irradiated by a CW ring dye laser. The residual 2s-2p isotope shift has been found to bw 4721.8 +- 2.0 MHz, leading to a specific mass shift for the 2p level of -3610.8 +- 5 MHz.

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Purpose: To assess the new method of 3-dimensional echocardiography in comparison to the 'gold standard' MRI as to its ability to calculate left ventricular volumes in patients with congenital heart disease. Materials and methods: Eighteen patients between the ages of 3.9 to 37.3 years (mean: 12.8{+-}9.7) with a geometrically abnormal left ventricle were examined using a 1.5 T scanner with a fast gradient-echo sequence (TR=14 ms, TE=2.6-2.9 ms, FOV=300-400 mm, flip angle=20 , matrix=128:256, slice thickness=5 mm, retrospective gating) in multislice-multiphase technique. Transthoracic 3D-echocardiography was performed with a 3.5 MHz transducer and a Tomtec {sup trademark} (Munich, Germany) system for 3D reconstruction. Results: Volume calculation was possible in all patients with 3D-echocardiography, but the muscle mass calculation only ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Experience with the identification and tuning of exciter constants for a generating unit as the Second Nuclear Power Plant of Taiwan Power Company is reported. Field test is first performed on the excitation system with the generator open-circuited. Since the field test results differ from the computer simulation results using manufacturer`s constants, the authors first modify the manufacturer`s constants based on their previous experience to reach a preliminary set of parameters for the excitation system. Then a hybrid nonlinear simulation-sensitivity matrix method is developed to further refine the excitation system parameters. The exciter constants are tuned in order to give better dynamic response before a power system stabilizer is applied to the generator. Field tests are then performed in order to compare the dynamic response of the generator without and with power system ...

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Computation of effective flow properties of fluids in porous media based on three dimensional (3D) pore structure information has become more successful in the last few years, due to both improvements in the input data and the network models. Computed X-ray microtomography has been successful in 3D pore imaging at micron scale, which is adequate for many sandstones. For other rocks of economic interest, such as chalk and diatomite, submicron resolution is needed in order to resolve the 3D-pore structure. To achieve submicron resolution, a new method of sample serial sectioning and imaging using Focused Ion Beam (FIB) technology has been developed and 3D pore images of the pore system for diatomite and chalk have been obtained. FIB was used in the milling of layers as wide as 50 micrometers and as thin as 100 nanometers ...

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3-D depth migration is one of the most active areas of research and development and it has been approached from different angles. An accurate algorithm which works in the space-frequency domain was introduced by Blacquiere et al. (1989). Unfortunately, it is computationally very expensive and not suitable for solving real-life 3-D migration problems. This led to the development of an alternative scheme (hale, 1990) which sacrifices some accuracy but is much more efficient. It is commonly referred to as the Hale-McClellan method. An alternative procedure known as reverse-time migration works in the space-time domain. It is based on the full wave equation and yields by far the most accurate results, but it requires extremely large computer resources. However, a series of new developments (Mufti et al, 1996) have made this algorithm a very practical tool even for migrating large exploration-scale ...

Science.gov (United States)

We develop a 3-D model to simulate the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation process of an undulated vegetation canopy such as corn grown in fields with large periodic drainage reliefs. We explain how the simulated SAR image of undulated vegetation medium is obtained by the convolution of a 2-D slice of the 3-D simulated SAR system point spread function [(PSF), emulating the SAR beam modeled by a cosine modulated Gaussian], with the 2-D projection of the observed undulated vegetation canopy (modeled with scatterers randomly distributed in 3-D undulated space) followed by the extraction of each look envelope, the summation of looks, and sampling in azimuthal and range directions. Our model is useful to study the parameters involved in the formation and the analysis of SAR images of undulated vegetation medium. Validation of simulations made with actual ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Aims: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine 3; 5-HT3) receptors are involved in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), and 5-HT3 antagonists are part of the `gold standard' antiemetic treatment during chemotherapy. We investigated the correlation of common variants in 5-HT3 receptor subunit genes with the occurrence of CINV. Materials & methods: A total of 110 previously characterized chemotherapy-naive women with primary breast cancer treated with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy served as a study group for mutational analysis by direct sequencing. Eight common SNPs in the 5-HT3 receptor genes, HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR3D and HTR3E, were selected for association analysis. Results: A nonsynonymous variant in HTR3D, p.G36A (rs6443930), was found to be over-represented in nonresponders, assu...

CERN Document Server

(Abridged) We use 3D SPH calculations with higher resolution, as well as with more realistic viscosity and sound-speed prescriptions than previous work to examine the eccentric instability which underlies the superhump phenomenon in semi-detached binaries. We illustrate the importance of the two-armed spiral mode in the generation of superhumps. Differential motions in the fluid disc cause converging flows which lead to strong spiral shocks once each superhump cycle. The dissipation associated with these shocks powers the superhump. We compare 2D and 3D results, and conclude that 3D simulations are necessary to faithfully simulate the disc dynamics. We ran our simulations for unprecedented durations, so that an eccentric equilibrium is established except at high mass ratios where the growth rate of the instability is very low. Our improved simulations give a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Analytical methods considering 3-D resistivity distribution, in particular, finite element method (FEM) were studied to improve the reliability of electromagnetic exploration. Integral equation, difference calculus, FEM and hybrid method are generally used as computational 3-D modeling method. FEM is widely used in various fields because FEM can easily handle complicated shapes and boundaries. However, in electromagnetic method, the assumption of continuous electric field is pointed out as important problem. The normal (orthogonal) component of current density should be continuous at the boundary between media with different conductivities, while this means that the normal component of electric field is discontinuous. In FEM, this means that current channeling is not properly considered, resulting in poor accuracy. Unless this problem is solved, FEM modeling is not practical. As one of the solutions, it ...

Science.gov (United States)

Geometrical structures and energetic properties for different tautomers of adenine are calculated in this study, using multi-configurational wave functions. Both the ground and the lowest singlet excited state potential energy surfaces are studied. Four t...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have measured the forward and reverse rates of the allosteric transition of hemoglobin A with three CO molecules bound by using modulated excitation coupled with fluorescence quenching of the DPG...Full Text Available

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A shear acoustic transducer-lens system in which a shear polarized piezoelectric material excites shear polarized waves at one end of a buffer rod having a lens at the other end which excites longitudinal waves in a coupling medium by mode conversion at selected locations on the lens.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Increased oxidative stress is associated with perinatal asphyxia and respiratory distress in the newborn period. Induction of nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor (Nrf2) has been shown to decrease...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The beneficial effect of improving yeast redox response by increasing thioredoxin levels has been shown. Decreased lipid and protein oxidation is reflected in an increased biomass yield. In addition,...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: `Exoscopic` and endoscopic identification of colorectal pathologies via MRI. Methods: 5 patients (36-88 years), two normal and three with different colorectal pathologies (diverticular disease, polyps and carcinoma of the colon), were examined by MRI after colonoscopy. Subsequent to filling of the colon with a gadolinium-water mixture under MRI-monitoring, 3D-data sets of the colon were acquired in prone and supine positions over a 28 sec breathold interval. Subsequently multiplanar T{sub 1}-weighted 2D-sequences were acquired before and following i.v. administration of Gd-DTPA (0.1 mmol/kg BW). All imaging was performed in the coronal orientation. The 3D-data were interactively analysed based on various displays: Maximum intensity projection (MIP), surface shadowed display (SSD), multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), virtual colonoscopy (VC). Results: All of the colorectal pathologies could be ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... deuteron beams differential cross sections dwba excitation functions mev range

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... excited states iridium 187 isomeric nuclei magnetic fields nuclear electric

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alternative mechanisms of electron state excitation in diatomic molecules are examined with reference to CN and C2 molecules forming in chemical reactions behind strong shock wave fronts in a CO(CO2)-N2 gas mixture. The temperature range considered is 4000-8000 K. An effective excitation mechanism is proposed which involves rapid vibration-rotation excitation at all electron states and nonradiative transitions between perturbed electron states induced by collisions with the ambient gas particles.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... bcs theory electron reactions excited states form factors inelastic scattering

Science.gov (United States)

... closely correlated to the amount of re- centration. The molar extinction coefficients were agent added to the enzyme. The naphtha- ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... 98 target molybdenum 99 niobium 91 photoneutrons photonuclear reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The wide-angle spectra of the 134-MeV (p,n) reaction on "4"8Ca, "5"4Fe, "8"8Sr, and "2"0"8Pb are each dominated by the excitation of a single state at low excitation energy. These excitations correspond to the ''0h#omega#'' stretched states and are seen to be fragmented much less than ''1h#omega#'' stretched states in medium- and heavy-mass nuclei. The normalization factors required for comparison with distorted-wave impulse-approximation calculations are >0.50 and indicate that these are the purest particle-hole states known in these nuclei.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A laboratory stream consisting of two stream sections interrupted by two pools was filled with a mixture of tap water and organically enriched water from rivers nearby. Bottom sediment material, Potamogeton pectinatus, macro-invertebrate organisms, as well as the mosquito fish, Aplocheilichthys johnstonii were collected from rivers around Johannesburg and introduced into the laboratory stream. After initial acclimatization, the distribution of the isotope "3"2P through this laboratory stream was followed. Absorption of this isotope by benthic algae, Potamogeton pectinatus, several macro-invertebrate organisms as well as Aplocheilichthys johnstonii was recorded.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In addition to the ability to solve the static transport equation, we have also incorporated time dependence into our parallel 3-D S{sub {ital N}} code DANTSYS/MPI. Using a semi-implicit scheme, DANTSYS/MPI is capable of performing time-dependent calculations for both fissioning and pure source driven problems. We have applied this to various types of problems such as nuclear well logging and prompt fission experiments. This paper describes the form of the time- dependent equations implemented, their solution strategies in DANTSYS/MPI including iteration acceleration, and the strategies used for time-step control. Results are presented for a model nuclear well logging calculation.

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The intermediate silicon layers detector (ISL) was proposed as a part of the upgraded CDF detector at the RUN-II of the Tevatron mean value of pp collider at Fermilab, scheduled to start in year 2000. The ISL is a large-radius (20-30 cm) silicon tracker with a total active area of about 3.5 m. Located in the region between the silicon vertex detector and the central outer tracker, the ISL will allow tracking in the forward region and significantly improve it in the central area. Together with the SVX II the ISL forms a standalone, 3D silicon tracker. The challenge is to build a low-cost device which provides precise 3 D tracking in a approximately equal to 2 m long area with a minimal amount of material for the supporting structure. The conceptual design and the status of the project are reviewed.

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In situ X-Ray microtomography offers new opportunities for analysing sintering mechanisms since it allows 3D observation of the microstructural evolution of the powder all along a sintering cycle. With synchrotron radiation at ESRF, a 3D image with a resolution of 2 {mu}m can be obtained in about one minute. In addition to the visual examination of the images, relevant microstructural parameters can be measured through quantitative image analysis using recently developed tools. In this paper the results obtained with two materials, loose copper powder and compacted steel powder, are resumed. For copper powder, the dispersion of local parameters such as particle co-ordination number and porosity is investigated. Concerning steel compacts, data about pore morphology evolution and on local strains provides clues for understanding the anisotropic shrinkage of such compacts. (authors)

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The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in- place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) and multi-component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. Field demonstrations are in progress to collect data for evaluation of horizontal completions in both the Red River and Ratcliffe. A vertical well in the Red River will test attribute analysis of 3D seismic data for prediction of porosity development. Additional seismic acquisitions and interpretation are in progress for both the Ratcliffe and Red River. A water-injectivity test in a new ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There is an ever increasing demand to perform flow simulations that incorporate the complete details of geometry as well as sophisticated flow physics. This has led to the development of numerical algorithms that can simulate the actual flow phenomena with greater fidelity. However, the success of these algorithms hinges on the grid that models the geometry. Grid generation methods for 2-D models have long existed and the general lack of complexity of the simpler 2-D models has not quite challenged the efforts in this area. However, demands for generating better 3-D geometric models for flow simulations involving complex geometries have completely changed the perspective of grid generation strategies. As a consequence, grid generation efforts have earned equal significance as that of numerical solver efforts.

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Whereas in part 1 and 2 the detailed observation equations of terrestrial type for an integrated geodetic model are presented this paper will outline how the theory is transferred in an operational program. The main lines of functions of the FORTRAN IV program are discussed. Since the input specifications as well as the data requirements are described in detail and illustrated by example of input and output part 3 can serve as an user-guide for OPERA. OPERA is an acronym for operational adjustment. Besides the integrated determination of 3D-geocentric coordinates and the gravity disturbing potential the program can handle all cases of traditional geodesy (in total 13 variants of solution are provided) equivalent also with adjustments in ellipsoidal coordinates B, L or H, as well as constrained adjustments, pure prediction of the gravity disturbing field, etc.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present a fully automated method for three-dimensional (3D) elemental analysis demonstrated using a ceramic sample of chemistry (Ca)MgTiO_x. The specimen is serially sectioned by a focused ion beam (FIB) microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDXS) is used for elemental analysis of each cross-section created. A 3D elemental model is reconstructed from the stack of two-dimensional (2D) data. This work concentrates on issues arising from process automation, the large sample volume of approximately 17x17x10 #mu#m"3, and the insulating nature of the specimen. A new routine for post-acquisition data correction of different drift effects is demonstrated. Furthermore, it is shown that EDXS data may be erroneous for specimens containing voids, and that back-scattered electron images have to be used to correct for these errors.

CERN Document Server

At Super-LHC luminosity it is expected that the standard suite of L1 triggers for CMS will saturate. Information from the tracker will be needed to reduce trigger rates to satisfy the L1 bandwidth. Tracking trigger modules which correlate information from closely-spaced sensor layers to form an on-detector momentum filter are being developed by several groups. We report on a trigger module design which utilizes three dimensional IC technology to incorporate chips which are connected both to the top and bottom sensor, providing the ability to filter information locally. A demonstration chip, the VICTR, has been submitted to the Chartered/Tezzaron two-tier 3D run coordinated by Fermilab. We report on the 3D design concept, the status of the VICTR chip and associated sensor integration utilizing oxide bonding.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An operating cycle of a serial multivibrator carried out on the base of field-effect transistors has been analyzed. Calculation relations for the main multivibrator parameters have been obtained, and conditions of self-excitation has been determined. Experimental data for determination of the self-oscillation excitation region have been presented. These results are in a good agreement with the experiment. The analysis of the data obtained has shown that the serial multivibrator on field-effect transistors has comparatively narrow excitation region and requires an accurate turning.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The intensity of erbium up-conversion luminescence could be limited by a saturation effect due to increased pump power. We studied the luminescence saturation of the 550 nm emission on erbium-doped, SiO_2-TiO_2 sol-gel powders under pulsed excitation at 979 and 1532 nm. From the latter, the up-converted luminescence intensity decreased with increasing excitation power, whereas no saturation was observed at 979 nm excitation. We proposed that the saturation effect is determined by the pump power, the erbium content and the lifetime of the corresponding first excited states at different pumping schemes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic imaging tool relies on the generation of magnetic fields, whereas the computerized tomography (CT) uses X-radiation. The fundamental principle of MRI is the magnetic resonance of paramagnetic atomic nuclei. These nuclei, as e.g. protons (= hydrogen nuclei), are aligned in required orientation by application of a strong magnetic field. Upon simultaneous application of an electromagnetic high-frequency field perpendicular to the axis of the basic magnetic field, and in response to periodical changing of the electromagnetic field at a given frequency, the originally aligned paramagnetic nuclei are forced into a movement similar to that of a ``whipping top``. When the resonance frequency is shut off, the nuclei return to their former, aligned positions, inducing a weak signal in a coil. The series of signals generated by multiple repetition of this process of excitation of nuclei and their return to aligned rest is used ...

Science.gov (United States)

The synthesis and structures of acyclic and macrocyclic thio-, seleno- and telluro-ether complexes of the metallic and metalloid elements of Groups 13-16 reported since 2000 are described. The diverse structures range from discrete monomers through to infinite 1-, 2- or 3-D polymers. The coordination chemistry in this area is quite different to familiar d-block chemistry and the underlying factors are explored. PMID:21706103

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This paper describes the calculation method of 3-D underground structures in TDME method which measures only field components. Recently, FDTD method was developed as calculation method in time domain difference calculus, and the forward analysis accuracy of 3-D fields was rapidly improved. The survey results using a large-scale loop (600m{times}360m) were numerically analyzed by FDTD method. 16 measuring lines were prepared in both X and Y directions, and measuring points were prepared on intersection points of the measuring lines. Since signal current is staircase one, step and impulse responses of the ground were determined by calculating magnetic field and its time differentiation. The rectangular body (120m{times}120m{times}100m) of 0.2S/m in conductivity (5 ohm m in resistivity) was installed 160m under the ground as 3-D resistivity anomaly. The ground of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report on solid solution CePd_2_-_xMn_xSi_2 which shows an interesting transition of the Ce-ion from magnetism in a Kondo regime to an intermediate valence state coupled with a strongly magnetic 3d sublattice. ((orig.)).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new three-dimensional (3D) acoustic modelling method was developed using a first-order hyperbolic wave system which was solved with explicit finite dfferences. The numerical solution of the 3D wave system provides a useful method for simulating evolution of a pressure field corresponding to compressional type waves. Existing two-dimensional (2D) elastic modelling algorithms were modified and fine-tuned for computationally efficient and realistic wave propagation simulations in complex structures. An original formulation of the 3D reverse time migration method was developed which is very accurate, does not suffer from unwanted evenescent energy, can image dips beyond 90{degree}, and does not generate multiple energy. Two case studies were performed that involved steam stimulation projects in the Cold Lake deposit. Simulations were performed during different ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three-dimensional computer simulation and analyses of the horizontal steam generator thermal-hydraulics of the WWER 1000 nuclear power plant have been performed for 50% and 75% partial loads, 100% nominal load and 110% over-load. Presented results show water and steam mass flow rate vectors, steam void fraction spatial distribution, recirculation zones, swell level position, water mass inventory on the shell side, and other important thermal-hydraulic parameters. The simulations have been performed with the computer code 3D ANA, based on the 'two-fluid' model approach. Steam-water interface transport processes, as well as tube bundle flow resistance, energy transfer, and steam generation within tube bundles are modelled with "closure laws". Applied approach implies non-equilibrium thermal and flow conditions. The model is solved by the control volume procedure, which has been extended in order to take into account the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The influence that electromagnetic fields have on mechanical and electronic equipment was discussed. A three dimensional numerical simulation model of electric fields around high voltage power transmission lines was described. 4 refs., 1 tab., 5 figs.

Science.gov (United States)

A novel phantom has been developed to measure the modulation transfer function (MTF) in 3D for x-ray computed tomography. The phantom consists of three tungsten wires, positioned nearly orthogonal to each other. Simultaneous measurements of the MTF are taken at various locations along the three orthogonal reconstructed planes. Our computed mammotomography (CmT) system uses a Varian Paxscan 2520 digital x-ray detector which can be positioned anywhere in ~2pi steradian band and can have arbitrary trajectories. With a half-cone beam geometry and with the phantom positioned near the center of rotation, projection images are acquired over 360 degrees. Various 3D orbits are evaluated including vertical axis of rotation and saddle. Reconstructions were performed using an iterative ordered-subsets transmission algorithm on rebinned projection images, using various numbers of iterations. Rotation of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper, finite-difference time-domain method is used to research the transient electromagnetic pulse (EMP) coupling to the cylinder object which is shielded in another shielding cavity with a hole numerically. The different coupling effectiveness of three transient EMP is simulated. The distribution of the electric field in the shielding cavity and the current on the cavity are researched. The shielding effectiveness is evaluated. (authors)

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this study was to use high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging combined with image analysis to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) trabecular structure, anisotropy, and connectivity of human vertebral, femoral, and calcaneal specimens. The goal was to determine whether: (a) MR-derived measures depict known skeletal-site-specific differences in architecture and orientation of trabeculae; (b) 3D architectural parameters combined with bone mineral density (BMD) improve the prediction of the elastic modulus using a fabric tensor formulation; (c) MR-derived 3D architectural parameters combined with BMD improve the prediction of strength using a multiple regression model, and whether these results corresponded to the results obtained using higher resolution depictions of trabecular architecture. A total of 94 specimens (12 x 12 x 12 mm cubes) ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We have applied photofragment ion imaging to investigate the dissociation dynamics of low-lying, doubly excited states of molecular hydrogen. A doubly excited electronic state is one in which both of the hydrogen electrons reside in excited molecular orbitals. Two-step, two-color multiphoton excitation of H_2, first via 201.8 nm, two-photon excitation into the E, F "1#SIGMA#"+_g(v_E=0, J=1) state, followed by #approx#563 nm, 1+m (m=1, 2) excitation through the B double-prime "1#SIGMA#"+_u(v=0, J=0, 2), D "1#PI#_u(v=2, J=1, 2), and B' "1#SIGMA#"+_u(v=4, J=0, 2) states provides a ready means of populating several low-lying doubly excited states of H_2 at increasing internuclear separations. From these doubly excited repulsive states, both dissociation and autoionization processes are possible. Because the ...

CERN Document Server

Studies on the large scale peer-to-peer (P2P) network like Gnutella have shown the presence of large number of free riders. Moreover, the open and decentralized nature of P2P network is exploited by malicious users who distribute unauthentic or harmful contents. Despite the existence of a number of trust management schemes in the literature for combating against free riding and distribution of malicious files, these mechanisms are not scalable due to their high computational, communication and storage overhead. These schemes also do not consider effect of trust management on quality-of-service (QoS) of the search. This paper presents a trust management scheme for P2P networks that minimizes distribution of spurious files by a novel technique called topology adaptation. It also reduces search time since most of the queries are resolved within the community of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The "8"6Kr("3He,n)"8"8Sr and "8"8Sr("3He,n)"9"0Zr reactions were studied to determine whether significant excited 0"+ strength was observed or whether these nuclei exhibited absence of excited state strength generally seen away from shell closures. Various properties of the levels are considered including angular distributions, spins, parities, interference, and enhancement. It is concluded that neither "8"8Sr nor "9"0Zr exhibit the strong proton pairing vibration expected for a closed proton shell nucleus.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes a signal simulator which is designed to calibrate eddy current probes. By using simultaneously an excitation coil and an electrically conducting plane, the simulator can emulate signals which correspond to spot welds with different flaws. The presence of a conducting plane allows a wide variation of the amplitude and phase of the excitation coil voltage during the calibration of a probe. A mathematical model for the simulator is derived and used to study the variation of the impedance change upon the parameters of the probe. Numerical computation shows that the impedance change depends in an important way on the frequency of the excitation coil current.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Excitation of the HF electric field in the local plasma resonance region (LPRR) of inhomogeneous plasma by pumping electric field or modulated electron beam results to appearance of the ponderomotive force that presses plasma out of this region. Density cavity is formed in the LPRR due to this field. Further dynamics in this region depends on the plasma properties. For plasma with hot electrons ion-acoustic pulses run away from the cavity. at the local density maximum the new peak of electric field is excited. It results to the formation of new density cavity, etc. For isothermal plasma the density jump is formed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elemental substitution of Ca by Y was investigated for Ca-#alpha#-SiAlON:Eu yellow phosphors, which is useful for the white light-emitting diode lamps of phosphor conversion type. Depending on the ratio of the elemental substitution, not only the red shift of emission in wavelength occurred but also the figure of the excitation spectra changed. Their excitation band widths and flatness were discussed. (copyright 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The (p,n) cross section on "8"8Sr was measured for proton energies between 5.75 and 11 MeV. Overall resolution was sufficient to separate the "8"8Y ground state (J/sup #pi#/ = 4"-), the first excited state (J/sup #pi#/ = 5"-) at 0.232 MeV, and the second excited state (J/sup #pi#/ = 1"+) at 0.393 MeV. A Legendre polynomial fit was made to the angular distributions and the resulting integrated cross sections are shown. 1 figure.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In a (p,p') study of /sup 88/Sr at Esub(p) = 201 MeV both a large resonance centered at 9.4 MeV excitation energy and the known 1/sup +/ state at 3.486 MeV are excited. Several discrete states are observed in the resonance. The cross section of the whole resonance is 27% of a simple particle-hole prediction. The strength of the low-lying 1/sup +/ state is only about 15% of that calculated from a wave function including core-polarization contributions, whereas (e,e') scattering finds about 50%.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Emission spectra obtained for three irradiated granular quartz samples under 1.43 eV excitation exhibited the 2.2 and 3.1 eV emission bands characteristic of feldspars. Excitation spectra of these same samples and several others show the 1.44 eV resonance typical of feldspars. This provides convincing evidence that the 2.2 and 3.1 eV infrared stimulated luminescence observed in these granular quartz samples arises from feldspar inclusions.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The 2- and 8-azido trimer 5'-triphosphate photoprobes of 2-5A have been enzymatically synthesized from [#gamma#-"3"2P]2-azidoATP and [#alpha#-"3"2P]8-azidoAPT by 2-5A synthetase from rabbit reticulocyte lysates. Identification and structural determination of the 2- and 8-azido adenylate trimer 5'-triphosphates were accomplished by enzymatic hydrolyses with T2 RNase, snake venom phosphodiesterase, and bacterial alkaline phosphatase. Hydrolysis products were identified by HPLC and PEI-cellulose TLC analyses. The 8-azido photoprobe of 2-5A displaces p_3A_4["3"2P]pCp from RNase L with affinity equivalent to p_3A_3. The 8-azido photoprobe also activates RNase L to hydrolyze poly(U)["3"2P]pCp 50% at 7 /times/ 10/sup /minus/9/ M in core-cellulose assays. The 2- and 8-azido photoprobes and authentic p_3A_3 activate RNase L to ...

Science.gov (United States)

Mar 1, 2011 ... Radionuclide X-ray fluorescence analysis. 2: Detection of the X-ray fluorescence radiation excited by radionuclide radiation ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A scheme of evaluating a generalized three-photon excitation cross section #sigma#/sub (3)/ in neutral atomic argon at 3144.67 A is outlined. Three photons at this wavelength can excite the neutral argon atoms from the ground 3p"6 "1S_0 state to the 3p"54s'[1/2]_1"0 state. The fourth photon will ionize the argon atoms. Assuming linear polarization of the incident laser radiation, contributions from several channels in various energy-level schemes are summed in the evaluation of the transition probability. For a laser linewidth of #DELTA##lambda#/sub L/ = 1 A, our maximum numerical value of the computed result for the three-photon excitation cross section is #sigma#/sub (3)/ = 1.414 x 10/sup -80/ cm"6 s"2. .AE.

Science.gov (United States)

... the effective lifetime of the excited states against spontaneous radiation is only a fe- times the natural lifetime and collisional destruction by ...

Science.gov (United States)

This investigation describes the technique for the detection of the X-ray fluorescent radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... UN)) Nel Electronic (Turkey) INIS-TR--0132 1218 p. PHYSICS OF

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report discusses: shape coexistence in {sup 184}Pt; nuclear structure of {sup 187}Ir; g-factors of excited states; OLNO-2; and refrigerator development.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... excited states inelastic scattering mev range 10-100 mev range 100-1000

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A flowing carbon dioxide laser was operated at low pressures up to 4 torr. Excitation of the laser was provided using various combinations of direct current (DC), pulsed microwave, and continuous wave (CW) microwave excitation. The microwaves were in the 2.45 GHz band and were coupled into the gas using a slow-wave interdigital transmission line. Laser output of 25 milliwatts (mw) was achieved using a DC discharge only. A combination of a DC discharge and pulsed microwaves doubled the output and resulted in some modulation. Changing the laser gas mixture and pulsed microwave field characteristics allowed some flexibility in the modulation. Lasing was not achieved with excitation from the CW microwaves alone due to the formation of localized discharges. Using pulsed microwaves to sustain the discharge and CW microwaves to pump the laser, a quasi-CW output of 55 mw was achieved.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... functions intermediate structure isobaric analogs level widths mev range

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... v. 33(4). beta-minus decay de-excitation delayed gamma radiation iron 64

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A first-principles quasiparticle approach to the electronic excitation energies in crystals and at surfaces is described. The quasiparticle energies are calculated within the GW approximation for comparison with photoemission and other spectroscopic experiments. Applications of the method to bulk semiconductors and the Si(111)2[times]l, Ge(111)2[times]l. and H/Si(III) surfaces are presented. In both cases, significant self-energy corrections arising from many-electron effects to the excitation energies are found. Using atomic positions from total energy minimization, the calculated excitation energies explain quantitatively the experimental spectra. This approach thus provides an ab initio means for analyzing and predicting results from spectroscopic probes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The alpha-particle confinement of future D-T experiments at JET can be severely degraded by Global Alfven Eigenmodes (AE). Scenarios for the excitation of Alfven Eigenmodes in usual (e.g. D-D) plasmas are proposed, which provide a MHD diagnostic and allow the study of the transport of super-Alfvenic ions. Active studies with separate control of TAE amplitude and energetic particle destabilization, measuring the plasma response, give more information than passive studies, in particular concerning the damping mechanisms. The TAE excitation can be achieved by means of the saddle coil and the ICRH antenna. The experimental method is introduced together with a theoretical model for RF excitation. (authors). 6 refs., 3 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this project is to investigate the dependence of the cross sections for dissociative electron attachment to a molecule on the initial rovibrational state of the molecule. An enhancement of the cross section results in the enhancement of the rate of production of negative ion beams. Preliminary investigations reveal that for lithium dimers, Li/sub 2/, the peak attachment cross sections can increase by almost an order of magnitude if the molecule is initially vibrationally excited to the v = 1 level. Excitation to higher vibrational levels would result in further enhancement of the attachment rates. As part of present investigations, the cross sections for vibrational excitation of various molecules, using both resonant and nonresonant mechanisms is calculated.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Absolute total cross sections for electron-impact excitation of the 3s"2"1S#->#3s3p"3P and 3s"2"1S#->#3s3p"1P transitions in Si"2"+ were measured using the merged electron-ion beams energy-loss technique. The results are compared to R-matrix close-coupling theory, which predicts a strong resonance enhancement of the cross section near the threshold for excitation of the "3P state and this is confirmed by the experiments. The observed disagreement between theory and experiment for the dipole excitation is suggested to be due to resonance interference. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A nuclear resonance fluorescence experiment on "8"8Sr has been performed with bremsstrahlung of 6.7 MeV endpoint energy. The #gamma#-ray linear polarisation has been measured with a EUROBALL CLUSTER detector used as a Compton polarimeter. The results indicate positive parity for the J=1 state at 4.742 MeV in "8"8Sr, in contrast to the previous interpretation as a 1"- two-phonon (2"+_1 x 3"-_1) state and in conflict with the predictions of the quasiparticle-phonon model. On the basis of such calculations the 1"+ state at 3.486 MeV may be considered as the 1"+_1 one-phonon state and the very strong 1"+_1#->#0"+_1 deexcitation as proton spin-flip 2p_1_/_2#->#2p_3_/_2 transition. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cholera toxin catalyzes transfer of radiolabel from ["3"2P]NAD"+ to several peptides in particulate preparations of human foreskin fibroblasts. Resolution of these peptides by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis allowed identification of two peptides of M/sub r/ = 42,000 and 52,000 as peptide subunits of a regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. The radiolabeling of another group of peptides (M/sub r/ = 50,000 to 65,000) suggested that cholera toxin could catalyze ADP-ribosylation of cytoskeletal proteins. This suggestion was confirmed by showing that incubation with cholera toxin and ["3"2P]NAD"+ caused radiolabeling of purified microtubule and intermediate filament proteins.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper is concerned with the validation of the 3D deterministic neutral-particle transport theory code EVENT for shielding applications. The code is based on the finite element-spherical harmonics (FE-P{sub N}) method which has been extensively developed over the last decade. A general multi-group, anisotropic scattering formalism enables the code to address realistic steady state and time dependent, multi-dimensional coupled neutron/gamma radiation transport problems involving high scattering and deep penetration alike. The powerful geometrical flexibility and competitive computational effort makes the code an attractive tool for shielding applications. In recognition of this, EVENT is currently in the process of being adopted by the UK nuclear industry. The theory behind EVENT is described and its numerical implementation is outlined. Numerical results obtained by the code are compared with predictions of the Monte Carlo code MCBEND and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Performance of SRF cavities are limited by non-linear localized effects. The variation of local material characters between "hot" and "cold" spots is thus of intense interest. Such locations were identified in a BCP-etched large-grain single-cell cavity and removed for examination by high resolution electron microscopy (SEM), electron-back scattering diffraction microscopy (EBSD), optical microscopy, and 3D profilometry. Pits with clearly discernable crystal facets were observed in both "hotspot" and "coldspot" specimens. The pits were found in-grain, at bi-crystal boundaries, and on tri-crystal junctions. They are interpreted as etch pits induced by surface crystal defects (e.g. dislocations). All "coldspots" examined had qualitatively low density of etching pits or very shallow tri-crystal boundary junction. EBSD revealed the crystal structure surrounding the pits via crystal phase orientation mapping, while ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the case where sources and receivers are not distributed on a 2-D plane, seismic tomography inversion was studied. In tomography experiments, the existing wells are generally used. In such case, sources and receivers are frequently not distributed on a 2-D plane. The 2.5-D analysis method including 2-D structure and 3-D ray-tracing was thus developed. This method is featured by less memory necessary for ray-tracing calculation, and the same algorithm for velocity determination as 2-D analysis method. In previous methods, since analysis is generally carried out by projecting sources and receivers on a certain assumed 2-D plane, it can derive correct results in the case of constant velocity and straight ray, however, in the other case, it derives incorrect results. Application of 3-D tomography requires a large amount of memory, and falls into poor convergence because of various parameters. The 2.5-D ...

Science.gov (United States)

Subtractive imaging in confocal fluorescence light microscopy is based on the subtraction of a suitably weighted widefield image from a confocal image. An approximation to a widefield image can be obtained by detection with an opened confocal pinhole. The subtraction of images enhances the resolution in-plane as well as along the optic axis. Due to the linearity of the approach, the effect of subtractive imaging in Fourier-space corresponds to a reduction of low spatial frequency contributions leading to a relative enhancement of the high frequencies. Along the direction of the optic axis this also results in an improved sectioning. Image processing can achieve a similar effect. However, a 3D volume dataset must be acquired and processed, yielding a result essentially identical to subtractive imaging but superior in signal-to-noise ratio. The latter can be increased further with the technique of weighted averaging in Fourier-space. A comparison ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Current advanced CMOS source/drain engineering involves the use of amorphizing implants with 3D geometry. Upon annealing, the induced transient enhanced diffusion (TED) can only be accurately predicted if the amorphized region is correctly modeled, as well as the formation and evolution of extended defects, particularly 3 1 1's and dislocation loops. In addition to the extended defects, already modeled in the atomistic kinetic Monte-Carlo simulator DADOS, we have developed a physically based modeling approach for the implant-induced damage build-up, amorphization and recrystallization, suitable to handle device-size process simulation. It is based on amorphous pockets (3D, irregular shape agglomerates of an arbitrary number of interstitials and vacancies, plus trapped impurities) with a size-dependent activation energy for recombination. The model is able to reproduce experimental aspects like the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The improvement in the functions of the viscous flow calculation method VEGA-SHIP around a ship and the expansion of application range were described as the numerical flow simulation in ship and ocean engineering and at the same time application examples to the ocean engineering by the general-purpose flow simulation code FLOW-3D handling the non-steady flow with a free surface were introduced as the numerical simulation regarding such products as a water gate and a dam. In the VEGA-SHIP, water surface was handled as a fixed wall so that wave could not be calculated. Therefore, an algorithm for calculating wave on the water surface was added to the VEGA-SHIP and a calculation method simultaneously considering the creation of wave around the ship and viscosity was developed. The FLOW-3D was used to calculate the phenomenon where inside liquid moved greatly due to the oscillation of a tank and hit against ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Groom-Bailey decomposition analysis was carried out to investigate regional 3-D galvanic distortion on MT data in the central part of Northeastern Japan. Measuring sites were located nearly along the east-west line crossing Northeastern Japan. Three measuring lines (A, B, C) from the north to the south were prepared, and only data on the C line were analyzed in this paper. As a result, twist and shear were estimated to be not zero depending on local distortion in most of the sites. It was thus clarified that this method is not always perfect. This method was effective for regional 2-D structures, however, its application was doubtful to complicated 3-D underground structures in Japan. In order to obtain more accurate results, 2-D analysis using the impedance including no local distortion effect was necessary after the preliminary Groom-Bailey decomposition analysis. The direction of the wide area ...

CERN Document Server

The 12 GeV upgrade at Jefferson Lab has identified two new large spectrometers as Physics detectors for the project. The first is a 7.5 Gev/c 35 m-sr. spectrometer that requires a pair of identical Combined Function Superconducting Magnets (CFSM) that can simultaneously produce 1.5 T dipole fields and 4.5 T/m quadrupole fields inside a warm bore of 120cm. The second is an 11 GeV/c 2 m-sr. spectrometer that requires a CFSM that simultaneously produces a dipole field of 4.0 T and a quadruple field of 3.0 T/m in a 60 cm warm bore. Magnetic designs using TOSCA 3D have been performed to realize the magnetic requirements, provide 3d fields for optics analysis and produce field and force information for the engineering feasibility of the magnets. A two-sector cos( theta )/cos(2 theta ) design with a low nominal current density, warm bore and warm iron design has been selected and analyzed. These low current ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Core-collapse supernovae are among Nature's most energetic events. They mark the end of massive star evolution and pollute the interstellar medium with the life-enabling ashes of thermonuclear burning. Despite their importance for the evolution of galaxies and life in the universe, the details of the core-collapse supernova explosion mechanism remain in the dark and pose a daunting computational challenge. We outline the multi-dimensional, multi-scale, and multi-physics nature of the core-collapse supernova problem and discuss computational strategies and requirements for its solution. Specifically, we highlight the axisymmetric (2D) radiation-MHD code VULCAN/2D and present results obtained from the first full-2D angle-dependent neutrino radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of the post-core-bounce supernova evolution. We then go on to discuss the new code Zelmani which is based on the open-source HPC Cactus framework and provides a scalable AMR approach for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A continuous-time 7th-order Butterworth Gm-C low pass filter (LPF) with on-chip automatic tuning circuit has been implemented for a direct conversion DBS tuner in 0.35 mum SiGe BiCMOS technology. The filter's -3 dB cutoff frequency f{sub 0} can be tuned from 4 to 40 MHz. A novel on-chip automatic tuning scheme has been successfully realized to tune and lock the filter's cutoff frequency. Measurement results show that the filter has -0.5 dB passband gain, +-5% bandwidth accuracy, 30 nV/Hz{sup 1/2} input referred noise, -3 dBVrms passband IIP3, and 27 dBVrms stopband IIP3. The I/Q LPFs with the tuning circuit draw 13 mA (with f{sub 0} = 20 MHz) from 5 V supply, and occupy 0.5 mm{sup 2}.