International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... affinity azido compounds biosynthesis dopamine iodine compounds iodine

KoreaScience (Korea)

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UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The neuromodulatory function of dopamine (DA) is an inherent feature of nervous systems of all animals. To learn more about the function of neural DA in Drosophila, we generated mutant...Full Text Available

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Efflux of dopamine through the dopamine transporter (DAT) is critical for the psychostimulatory properties of amphetamines, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we show that Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) plays a key role in this efflux. CaMKIIalpha bound to the distal C terminus of DAT and colocalized with DAT in dopaminergic neurons. CaMKIIalpha stimulated dopamine efflux via DAT in response to amphetamine in heterologous cells and in dopaminergic neurons. CaMKIIalpha phosphorylated serines in the distal N terminus of DAT in vitro, and mutation of these serines eliminated the stimulatory effects of CaMKIIalpha. A mutation of the DAT C terminus impairing CaMKIIalpha binding also impaired amphetamine-induced dopamine efflux. An in vivo role for CaMKII was supported by chronoamperometry measurements showing reduced amphetamine-induced dopamine efflux ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This project (a) demonstrated specific dopamine transporter (DAT) uptake in vivo and metabolic stability of a radiolabelled cycloplentadieny rhenium compound in rats and baboons, (b) showed that cyclopentadieny tricarbonyl rhenium and technetium compounds conjugated tropanel could be made by metal transfer with ferrocenes; and (c) explored new methods of synthesizing these compounds under mild conditions.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is efficacious in treating the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the impact of STN-DBS on the progression...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMethamphetamine (METH), an addictive psycho-stimulant drug with euphoric effect is known to cause neurotoxicity due to oxidative stress, dopamine accumulation and glial...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sustained nigrostriatal dopamine depletion increases the serine/threonine phosphorylation of multiple striatal proteins that play a role in corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, including Thr²⁸⁶...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to be familial and heritable, in previous studies. As with most psychiatric disorders, examination of pedigrees has not revealed a consistent Mendelian mode of transmission. The response of ADHD patients to medications that inhibit the dopamine transporter, including methylphenidate, amphetamine, pemoline, and bupropion, led us to consider the dopamine transporter as a primary candidate gene for ADHD. To avoid effects of population stratification and to avoid the problem of classification of relatives with other psychiatric disorders as affected or unaffected, we used the haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) method to test for association between a VNTR polymorphism at the dopamine transporter locus (DAT1) and DSM-III-R-diagnosed ADHD (N = 49) and undifferentiated attention-deficit disorder (UADD) (N = 8) in trios composed of father, mother, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is known as a psychiatric disorder in childhood associated with dopamine dysregulation. We investigated dopamine transporter (DAT) density in children with ADHD in the present study using {sup 123}I-IPT SPECT and postulated that an alteration in DAT density in the basal ganglia (BG) is responsible for dopaminergic dysfunction in children with ADHD. 9 durg-naive children with ADHD and 6 normal children were included in the study. We performed brain SPECT 2 hours after administration of {sup 123}I-IPT and made both quantitative and qualitative analyses for assessment of specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio in the BG. We investigated the correlation between the severity scores of ADHD symptoms in children with ADHD assessed with ADHD rating scale and specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio in the BG. Drug-naive children with ADHD showed a significantly incresed specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this work is the evaluation of biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of a cocaine analog, the N-(3-iodo-prop-2E-enyl)-2beta-carbo-methoxy-3beta-(4-methyl-phenyl) nor-tropane (PE2I), labeled with carbon 11 ([{sup 11}C]PE2I). The [{sup 11}C]PE2I is a selective radioligand for imaging neuronal dopamine transporter (DAT) with positron emission tomography (PET). The DAT is a membrane-bound pre synaptically located protein that regulates the concentration of dopamine at nerve terminals. DAT radioligands are often used to evaluate the progression of Parkinson's disease or the efficiency of neuro-protective therapeutics and, typically, these studies required several successive PET scans. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disorder in childhood that is known to be associated with dopamine dysregulation. In this study, we investigated dopamine transporter (DAT) density in children with ADHD using iodine-123 labelled N-(3-iodopropen-2-yl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-chlorophenyl) tropane ([{sup 123}I]IPT) single-photon emission tomography (SPET) and postulated that an alteration in DAT density in the basal ganglia is responsible for dopaminergic dysfunction in children with ADHD. Nine drug-naive children with ADHD and six normal children were included in the study. We performed brain SPET 2 h after the intravenous administration of [{sup 123}I]IPT and carried out both quantitative and qualitative analyses using the obtained SPET data, which were reconstructed for the assessment of the specific/non-specific DAT binding ratio in the basal ganglia. We then investigated the correlation ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molar excess enthalpies and molar excess volumes are reported for the systems H_2O + (C_2H_5)_3N and D_2O + (C_2H_5)_3N at temperatures below and above their lower critical solution temperatures. The molar excess enthalpies are slightly less exothermic for the D_2O system. The molar excess volumes of the H_2O and D_2O systems are within experimental error of one another. Compositions of conjugate solutions estimated from the calorimetric and volumetric measurements agree with those obtained from published liquid-liquid phase diagrams. (Auth.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The RESF is utilized for storage of spent fuel under emergency conditions as well as for testing of FM heads. It receives cooling supply from the PHT Pressurizing pumps and after removal of decay heat from the spent fuel it goes to the D2O Storage Tank. The geometry of the RESF system is such that it can not sustain the thermosyphon loop during SBO, due to high frictional forces. To achieve the sustained thermosyphon, modifications in the design were suggested viz., removal of the steam trap and the relief valve above it and replacement by a solenoid valve (SV-16). In the event of SBO, SV-16 will open on 'RESF channel temperature high' signal and connect to FT D2O tank. The tank, being at atmospheric pressure and at lower elevation, will provide higher cooling flow rate through the RESF channel. D2O is periodically removed from the FT ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Involvement of the dopaminergic system has been suggested in patients suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) since the symptoms can be successfully treated with methylphenidate, a potent blocker of the dopamine transporter (DAT). This study reports the findings on the status of the DAT in adults with ADHD before and after commencement of treatment with methylphenidate, as measured using [{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1. Seventeen patients (seven males, ten females, aged 21-64 years, mean 38 years) were examined before and after the initiation of methylphenidate treatment (3 x 5 mg/day). All subjects were injected with 800 MBq [{sup 99m}Tc]TRODAT-1 and imaged 3 h p.i. Single-photon emission tomography (SPET) scans were acquired using a triple-headed gamma camera. For semi-quantitative evaluation of the DAT, transverse slices corrected for attenuation were used to calculate specific binding in the striatum, with the cerebellum used as background ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

PurposeDistant metastasis and recurrence are major prognostic factors associated with breast cancer. Both lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and blood vessel invasion (BVI) are important...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Photoluminescence spectra for solutions containing Sm"3"+ isotope ions in heavy and normal water were studied in the wave length #lambda# = 500-700 nm and for absorption spectra and photoluminescence excitation spectra within the range of #lambda# = 260-600 nm. Differences in molar extinction coefficients for "1"4"4Sm"3"+ and "1"5"4Sm"3"+ were established both in the solutions with D_2O and by transition from the solutions with D_2O to the solutions with H_2O. New possible causes of the identified effects are discussed

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A method to control charge transfer reaction in DNA using hybrid nanometer-sized TiO{sub 2} nanoparticles was developed. In this system extended charge separation reflects the sequence of DNA and was measured using metallic silver deposition or by photocurrent response. Light-induced extended charge separation in these systems was found to be dependent on the DNA-bridge length and sequence. The yield of photocatalytic deposition of silver was studied in systems having GG accepting sites imbedded in AT runs at varying distances from the TiO{sub 2} nanoparticle surface. Weak distance dependence of charge separation indicative of a hole hopping through mediating adenine (A) sites was found. The quantum yield of silver deposition in the system having a GG accepting site placed 8.5 {angstrom} from the nanoparticle surface was found to be {Phi} = 0.70 (70%) and {Phi} = 0.56 (56%) for (A){sub n} and (AT){sub n/2} bridge, respectively. Hole injection to GG trapping sites as far as 70 ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited trait that fails to produce functional pollen grains. The CMS system is widely employed to facilitate the utilization of heterosis in major crops. However, little is known about the CMS associated genes in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). The objective of this study was to compare CMS cotton (CMS-D2) with the cytoplasm from G. harknessii and its isogenic maintainer line with the normal fertile Upland cotton cytoplasm to identify CMS-D2 specific gene(s) and to develop CMS-specific sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Based on Southern blot analysis using 10 mitochondrial gene-specific probes (cob, cox2, atp6, atp9, nad3, cox3, atpA, cox1, nad6 and nad9), three probes (cox3, atpA, and nad6) revealed restriction ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We point out that the occurrence of a large-distance ''Coulomb'' term in the static quark-antiquark potential is related to tachyons in the underlying string model. Thus, the tachyon contents determine the coefficient of the ''Coulomb'' term. For a scalar string, one has Luescher's result -(d-2) /24R, for a Neveu-Schwarz string one obtains -(d-2) /16R, whereas for the Ramond string (and strings without tachyons) the ''Coulomb'' term vanishes. Monte Carlo data for QCD prefers a ''Coulomb'' term. This is not inconsistent with the tachyonic origin of this term, since the large-distance behaviour of string models is consistent even with tachyons. Also, critical dimensions are not necessary at large distances.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The portion of the potential energy surface (PES) of acetylacetone relevant for the intramolecular proton transfer reaction is studied using ab initio and DFT methods. The best estimate of the barrier governing proton transfer was found to be 3.4 kcal mol{sup -1} at the MP4(FC)/6-311 + G(2d,2p)//MP2(FC)/6-311 + G(2d,2p) level of theory. Six stationary points on the PES were characterized as well as the reaction paths connecting these points. Special attention paid to the pathway of intramolecular proton transfer reveals that the internal rotation of the methyl group adjacent to the carbonyl group and the proton transfer reaction are consecutive processes.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The WBURN (2-D, 2-group, coarse mesh) code is developed to analyze the equilibrium core characteristics of CANDU-PHWR. The equilibrium characteristics of Wolsung reactor computed by using WBURN are compared with the values given in the Wolsung FSR. The changes of equilibrium core characteristics caused by the variation of design parameters for operating conditions are also investigated. The numerical results indicate that the average discharge irradiation in the Wolsung reactor can be increased up to about 5%. (Author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The temperature coefficient has been investigated on the Wolsung nuclear power reactor, in which fuel is natural uranium dioxide and moderator heavy water. The numerical computations are carried out in terms of changes of the effective neutron multiplication factor with respect to fuel, moderator, and coolant temperatures. Those results are compared with the computed values of temperature coefficient based on the LATREP computer code. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In developing new receptor-site specific brain imaging agents labeled with I-123 for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), an analog of raclopride, 3-["1"2"5I]-iodo-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-methyl]-2-hydroxy-6-me-thoxy benzamide (IBZM), was prepared using a method similar to that reported for raclopride and its derivatives. (author).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The H-D exchange reaction has been measured with the D2-H2O system, for Rhodobacter capsulatus JP91, which lacks the hupSL-encoded hydrogenase, and R. capsulatus BSE16, which lacks the HupUV proteins....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

PurposeTo characterize differences in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function in mouse strains relevant to disease models. C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) are the two most common mouse...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spherical aggregates formed rapidly in culture by re-aggregation of trypsin-dissociated brain cells from the 17-day-old fetal rat. Over about 10 days an initially random distribution of cells evolved into a 3-layered arrangement; cells with characteristics of neurons were found largely in the intermediate layer. The survival of neuronal and glial cell types was evaluated histologically and verified by electron microscopy, which revealed synaptic and myelin structures that rapidly increased in number after 18 days in culture. Levels of norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) reached peaks of 9.5 and 4.4 ng/mg protein, respectively, at culture day 21. Uptake of ["3H]NE paralleled these amine levels and was blocked by desipramine or pretreatment with either reserpine or 6-OH-DA. Autoradiographs of aggregates labeled with ["3H]NE showed a high density of silver grains over cells, apparently neurons, with branching processes traced for 120 #mu#m. Previously accumulated ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors have localized and characterized 2-125I-iodomelatonin binding sites in the chicken brain using in vitro quantitative autoradiography. Binding sites were widely distributed throughout the chicken brain, predominantly in regions associated with the visual system. The specific binding of 2-125I-iodomelatonin to discrete chicken brain areas was found to be saturable, reversible, and of high affinity. The specific binding of 2-125I-iodomelatonin (75 pm) was quantitated for 40 identifiable brain regions. Eight brain regions were chosen for binding characterization and pharmacological analysis: optic tectum, Edinger-Westphal nucleus, oculomotor nucleus, nucleus rotundus, ventral supraoptic decussation, ventrolateral geniculate nucleus, neostriatum, and ectostriatum. These regions showed no rostral-caudal gradient in 2-125I-iodomelatonin specific binding, and saturation analysis revealed a single class of high-affinity sites with KD values in the range of 33-48 pM and receptor site ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this work, amorphous hydrocarbon (a-C:H) film deposition on metallic mirrors was studied during working shots in tokamak T-10 and at exposure in Ar/CHD3/D2 dc magnetron discharge in a special laboratory high vacuum setup. Analysis of film composition (including hydrogen content) was carried out using nuclear physical methods. Thickness and optical parameters (refractive and extinction coefficients) of the films were estimated by ellipsometry. Laboratory films can be characterized as soft a-C:H films in comparison with hard tokamak films (? = 1.2 and 1.8 g/cm3, respectively). For the first one, a linear dependence of deposition rate on mirror temperature was observed in a wide temperature range. The addition of methane into initial Ar/D2 magnetron gas mixture leads to an increase of deposition rate. The data obtained should be taken into account to prevent hydrocarbon film formation on the surface of ...

CERN Document Server

Given a Gibbs point process $\\P^{\\Psi}$ on $\\R^d$ having a weak enough potential $\\Psi$, we consider the random measures $\\mu_\\la := \\sum_{x \\in \\P^{\\Psi} \\cap Q_\\la} \\xi(x, \\P^{\\Psi} \\cap Q_\\la) \\delta_{x/\\la^{1/d}}$, where $Q_{\\la} := [-\\la^{1/d}/2,\\la^{1/d}/2]^d$ is the volume $\\la$ cube and where $\\xi(\\cdot,\\cdot)$ is a translation invariant stabilizing functional. Subject to $\\Psi$ satisfying a localization property and translation invariance, we establish weak laws of large numbers for $\\la^{-1} \\mu_\\la(f)$, $f$ a bounded test function on $\\R^d$, and weak convergence of $\\la^{-1/2} \\mu_\\la(f),$ suitably centered, to a Gaussian field acting on bounded test functions. The result yields limit laws for geometric functionals on Gibbs point processes including the Strauss and area interaction point processes as well as more general point processes defined by the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the High Flux Reactor (HFR) at Grenoble a new horizontally arranged cold neutron source will be installed that uses liquid deuterium (D_2) as the moderator for cold neutrons. This cold source should provide a high neutron flux, it should be simple in design, and be characterized by high reliability and by safe operation. A high neutron flux calls for installation of the cold source near the HFR core and good moderation requires a D_2 volume of #DELTA#5 litres. Hence, the moderator, contained in a horizontally arranged cylindrical cell of 21 cm diameter and 20 cm length, is installed at the end nearest to the core of a horizontal beam tube of roughly 4.5 m length with an inner diameter of only 23 cm (Fig. 1). The HFR will be equipped with a second cold neutron source. The installation in the existing horizontal beam tube together with the amount of heat released determined the problems to be solved: ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The symmetric noncoplanar (e,2e) cross sections (momentum profiles) of H_2 and D_2 for the transitions to the 2p#sigma#_u and 2s#sigma#_g excited ion states have been measured, relative to the ground-state ion transition, using a high-sensitivity multichannel momentum-dispersive electron momentum spectrometer (EMS) at an impact energy of 1200 eV. Newly calculated plane-wave impulse approximation (PWIA) cross sections, based on a full-configuration-interaction H_2 wave function, are compared to the experimental results. These calculations are in better agreement with the experimental results for the transition to the 2s#sigma#_g ion state than the earlier theoretical work of Liu and Smith, Jr. [Phys. Rev. A 31, 3003 (1985)] which has been found to be in error. Nevertheless, significant discrepancies between the relative experimental and theoretical cross sections are observed for the transitions to excited ion states, suggesting a failure of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Electron elastic and collisional excitation cross sections from the ground state of potassium are calculated using the noniterative integral-equation method of Henry, Rountree, and Smith [Comput. Phys. Commun. 23, 233 (1981)] in the electron energy range 4#<=#E#<=#200 eV. Configuration-interaction target wave functions that take account of correlation and polarization effects are used to represent the ground state and the six lowest excited states 4p "2P degree, 5s "2S, 3d "2D, 5p "2P degree, 4d "2D, and 6s "2S. Elastic and discrete excitation cross sections are obtained in a seven-state close-coupling (7CC) approximation. The 7CC elastic and excitation cross sections are compared and contrasted. Near threshold the elastic cross section dominates the resonance, 4s "2S#->#4p "2P degree, and the sum of the other remaining excitation cross sections. Comparison of our total cross sections with some ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Natural convection of vaporizing Deuterium at 25 K transports the heat generated in the moderator cell of the cold neutron source to a He cooled condenser. The thermohydraulics of this thermosiphon were precalculated and the results verified by experiments in a 1:1 model using D_2 as fluid. The experimental results show that the thermosiphon operates stable. The demanded liquid content of the cell as well as wall temperatures below 50 K can be ensured by a proper design of the cell outlet flow geometry. A 7 min. loss of cryogenic power results in transient temperatures of the cell wall of not more than 300 K.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The nine papers presented at this conference cover the following topics: the systematization, condensed description, and prediction of sets of anion exchange extraction constants on the basis of their statistical computer treatment; characteristics and uses of solid extractants containing D2EHPA and TBP for separating the transplutonium elements; enrichment of americium 242m and americium 242 by the Szilard-Chalmers method; an x-ray diffraction pattern analysis for transplutonium compounds; the radiation chemistry of americium; and the effects of alpha irradiation on the behavior of americium in perchlorate solutions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, the authors use free field techniques in D = 2 string theory t calculate the perturbation of the special state algebras when the cosmological constant is turned on. In particular, the authors find that the 'ground cone' preserved by the ring structure is promoted to a three-dimensional hyperboloid as conjectured by Witten. On the other hand, the perturbed (1,1) current algebra of moduli deformations is computed completely, and no simple geometrical interpretation is found. The authors also quote some facts concerning the Liouville matrix a model dictionary in this class of theories.

CERN Document Server

We iterate Manolescu's unoriented skein exact triangle in knot Floer homology with coefficients in the fraction field of the group ring (Z/2Z)[Z]. The result is a spectral sequence which converges to a stabilized version of delta-graded knot Floer homology. The (E_2,d_2) page of this spectral sequence is an algorithmically computable chain complex expressed in terms of spanning trees, and we show that there are no higher differentials. This gives the first combinatorial spanning tree model for knot Floer homology.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Development of selective serotonin transporter (SERT) tracers for single-photon emission tomography (SPET) is important for studying the underlying pharmacology and interaction of specific serotonin reuptake site inhibitors, commonly used antidepressants, at the SERT sites in the human brain. In search of a new tracer for imaging SERT, IDAM (5-iodo-2-[[2-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl]thio]benzyl alcohol) was developed. In vitro characterization of IDAM was carried out with binding studies in cell lines and rat tissue homogenates. In vivo binding of [[sup 125]I]IDAM was evaluated in rats by comparing the uptakes in different brain regions through tissue dissections and ex vivo autoradiography. In vitro binding study showed that IDAM displayed an excellent affinity to SERT sites (K[sub i]=0.097 nM, using membrane preparations of LLC-PK[sub 1] cells expressing the specific transporter) and showed more than 1000-fold of selectivity for SERT over norepinehrine and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High-flux neutron sources are continuing to be of interest both in Canada and internationally to support materials testing for advanced power reactors, new developments in extracted-neutron-beam applications, and commercial production of selected radioisotopes. The advanced MAPLE reactor concept has been developed to meet these needs. The advanced MAPLE reactor is a new tank-type D_2O reactor that uses rodded low-enrichment uranium fuel in a compact annular core to generate peak thermal-neutron fluxes of 1 x 10"1"9 n#centre dot#s"-"1 in a central irradiation rig with a thermal power output of 50 MW. Capital and incremental development costs are minimized by using MAPLE reactor technology to the greatest extent practicable.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A simple and rapid procedure was developed for the purification of cyclotron-produced "2"0"3Pb via the "2"0"3Tl(d,2n) "2"0"3Pb reaction. A Pb(II) selective ion-exchange resin, with commercial name Pb Resin from Eichrom Technologies, Inc., was used to purify "2"0"3Pb from the cyclotron-irradiated Tl target with excellent recovery of the enriched Tl target material. The purified "2"0"3Pb was used to radiolabel the monoclonal antibody Herceptin. The in vitro and in vivo properties of the "2"0"3Pb radioimmunoconjugate were evaluated.

CERN Document Server

We consider typeIIA supergravity solution of D2-branes and D3-branes localized within D6-branes in the near-core region of D6-branes. With these solutions we can calculate the spectrum of the glueball mass in QCD3 and QCD4. The equation of motion describing the dilaton has the same eigenvalues and the same glueball masses in QCD3 and QCD4. Glueball mass spectrum is the same in the near core region of D6-branes of their M-theory counterpart is KK monopole. We conclude that the glueball mass spectrum is the same in QCD3 and QCD4 by considering the `near-core' limit of D6-branes of which M-theory counterpart (KK monopole background) becomes an ALE space with an $A_{N-1}$ singularity times 7 dimensional Minkowski space $M^{(6,1)}$.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The benthic marine worm Xenoturbella is frequently contaminated with molluscan DNA, which had earlier caused confusion resulting in a suggested bivalve relationship. In order to find the source of the contaminant, we have used molluscan sequences derived from Xenoturbella and compared them to barcodes obtained from several individuals of the nonmicroscopic molluscs sharing the same environment as Xenoturbella. Using cytochrome oxidase 1, we found the contaminating sequences to be 98% similar to the bivalve Ennucula tenuis. Using the highly variable D1-D2 region of the large ribosomal subunit in Xenoturbella, we found three distinct species of contaminating molluscs, one of which is 99% similar to the bivalve Abra nitida, one of the most abundant bivalves in the Gullmarsfjord where...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molecular cluster predictions for electronic energy levels, wave functions, momentum densities, and Compton profiles of VO and VO_2 are examined within the Hartree-Fock-Slater model. VO_6 clusters are treated in O/subh/, D_4/subh/, and D_2/subh/ symmetry to obtain quantitative relations between distortion parameters and level shifts and splittings. Effects of the crystal environment are taken into account by a potential field. Results for VO are consistent with the augmented plane-wave band calculation of Mattheiss and x-ray emission data; the VO_2 levels are in good agreement with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data. A sizable anisotropy is predicted for the Compton profile of VO and VO_2.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques coupled with multivariate data analysis were used to conduct monitoring of biochemical changes of black raspberry fruits at different stages of maturation and under various extraction and NMR dissolution solvent conditions: extraction with 50% methanol and D"2O as an NMR dissolution solvent, extraction with 50% methanol and 50% methanol-d"4 as an NMR dissolution solvent, and extraction with 100% ethyl acetate and 100% methanol-d"4 as an NMR dissolution solvent. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis reliably distinguished black raspberry fruits according to the maturation stage, whereby the relative levels of various compounds such as amino acids, organic acids, sugars and phenolic compounds were compared using analysis of variance. Sucrose ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Studies on the regulation of the enterocytic differentiation of the human colon cancer cell line HT-29, which is differentiated in the absence (Glc"-) but not in the presence of glucose (Glc"+), have recently shown that the post-translational processing of sucrase-isomaltase and particularly its glycosylation vary as a function of cell differentiation. Other studies indicate that in undifferentiated HT-29 Glc"+ cells there is an accumulation of UDP-N-acetylhexosamine, which is involved in the glycosylation process. The purpose of the present work is to investigate whether an overall alteration of protein glycosylation is associated with the inability of HT-29 cells to differentiate. At least three alterations are detected: (i) after a 10-min pulse, the incorporation of D-[2-"3H]mannose in undifferentiated cells is severely reduced, compared to differentiated cells. (ii) After a 24-h period of labeling with ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The convolution/superposition algorithm for computing dose from photon beams in radiation therapy planning requires knowledge of the energy spectrum. The algorithm can compute the dose for a polyenergetic beam as the weighted sum of the individual dose contributions from monoenergetic beams. In this study we exploit interface effects apparent in the dose distributions to discriminate among spectra of high energy photon beams. We have studied the sensitivity of the depth dose distribution to the energy components using a hypothetical beam for various field sizes and depths in water and water-lung-water media. Six theoretical spectra were simulated. We compared depth dose data from these spectra using three quantitative measures which are inherently free of normalization ambiguities: for homogeneous water, the ratio D_2_0/D_1_0 and a logarithmic derivative in the buildup region LD_b_u_i_l_d_-_u_p and for inhomogeneous lung/water, the lung ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a carcinogenic tobacco specific nitrosamine, can be converted to electrophilic diazohydroxide intermediates by metabolic hydroxylation of either the methylene carbon (carbon 4) or the methyl carbon attached to the nitrosamine group. To investigate the relative importance of these two processes in NNK mutagenesis, we synthesized 4,4-dideutero-4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone((4,4,-D2)NNK) and 4-(trideuteromethylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone ((CD3) NNK), and evaluated their mutagenic activities in Salmonella typhimurium tester strains. In the presence of Aroclor induced rat liver 9000 g supernatant, NNK and (4,4-D2)NNK had comparable mutagenic activities towards S. typhimurium TA 1535 and TA 100, but (CD3)NNK was inactive in both strains. These results suggest that hydroxylation of the methyl group of NNK is more important than ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The 540 MWe PHWR has two fully independent shutdown systems. The first shutdown system (SDS-1) comprises of 28 spring assisted, vertical gravity drop shut-off rods, each consisting of a cadmium absorber sandwiched between stainless steel tubes. The second shutdown system (SDS-2) constitutes six poison tanks connected to respective zircaloy injection tubes. This system is capable of high speed injection of gadolinium nitrate solution (in D2O) into the moderator through these tubes. Theoretical estimation was carried out at different injection pressures and different concentration of gadolinium nitrate solution to arrive at the limiting value of these parameters from reactivity consideration point of view. The plant measurements of SDS-2 actuations at 60 and 80 Kg/cm2 pressure of helium was used to validate and upgrade the estimation model. The paper gives the details of the validation details of SDS-2 actuation. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Within the framework of the EU power plant conceptual study (PPCS), helium-cooled modular divertor concepts have been investigated in detail at the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe during the past few years. The first conceptual design proposed was based on convective cooling with the use of flow promoters in the form of pin and/or slot arrays (HEMP/HEMS) to increase the cooling surface and, hence, enhance the heat transfer capacity. While continuing the design optimisation, an advanced multiple-jet design (HEMJ) was introduced, which is based on direct jet-to-wall impinging cooling and offers advantages in terms of simple construction and manufacturing. Main emphasis of the 2004 work program (TW4-TRP-001) lay on experiments for the concepts HEMJ and HEMS, which were mainly performed at the Efremov Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia. For experiment preparation, detailed test programs were worked out and accompanying CFD analyses were accomplished. The outcomes of experimental ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Optical Isotope shift measurements have been performed for the {sup 240f,242f}Am fission isomers to test the stability of nuclear deformation as function of the neutron number. The method is based on resonance ionization spectroscopy (RIS) in a buffer gas cell with fission detection of the ionization process. The {sup 240f,242f}Am fission isomers have been produced by {sup 242}Pu(p, 3n), {sup 242}Pu(d, 2n) reactions, respectively. Relative isotope shift ratios X{sub exp}{sup 242f}(500 nm)=IS{sup 242f,241}/IS{sup 243,241}=41.4(8) and X{sub exp}{sup 240f}(500 nm)=IS{sup 240f,241}/IS{sup 243,241}=39.2(8) were measured. From these ratios a small difference {delta}{beta}{sub 2}{sup 242f,240f}=0.0076(14) of the deformation parameter {beta}{sub 2} can be deduced assuming that the isotope shift between the reference isotopes {sup 241,243}Am is caused by a pure volume change. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

64Cu (T1/2=12.7h, ?- decay: 40%, ?+ decay: 19%, E.C. decay: 41%) is one of the most useful radioisotope in the nuclear medicine due to its multiple decay mode and the intermediate half-life. Several nuclear reaction, i.e., 64Ni(p,n)64Cu, 68Zn(p,?n)64Cu and 64Ni(d,2n)64Cu have been investigated for production. The highest could be obtained with proton irradiation on the enriched 64Ni target. For mass and routine production, the 64Ni target fabrication using electroplating, the reliable chemical separation of 64Cu from the irradiated 64Ni target and the effective recovery process for the recycling of very expensive enriched material ($20,000/g) and so forth are absolutely necessary to be established. In this work, we report our mass production method of 64Cu with 64Ni and Cyclone-30 accelerator

CERN Document Server

Micron scale silicon nitride (SiNx) microdisk optical resonators fabricated on a silicon wafer are demonstrated with Q = 3.6 x 10^6 (finesse = 5 x 10^4) and an effective mode volume of 15 (\\lambda / n)^3 at wavelengths \\lambda ~ 852 nm resonant with the D2 transition manifold of cesium. A dilute hydrofluoric wet etch is shown to provide sensitive tuning of the microdisk optical resonances, and robust mounting of a fiber taper provides efficient fiber optic coupling to the SiNx microdisk cavities while allowing unfettered optical access for laser cooling and trapping of atoms. Initial measurement of a hybrid atom-cavity chip indicates that cesium adsorption on the surface of the SiNx microdisks results in significant red-detuning of the disk resonances. A technique for parallel integration of multiple (10) microdisks with a single optical fiber taper is also demonstrated.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Causes of variation of hydrocarbon (HC) concentration in cylinder to cylinder at idling condition in a direct injection diesel engine were studied. The ratio of l/d=6 gives larger HC variation in cylinder to cylinder than the l/d=2, where l means the nozzle hole length and d means the nozzle hole diameter. This is because the condition of l/d=6 can result in the large spray penetration and increase the fuel on the combustion chamber. The spray structure changes between nozzles and also changes between nozzle holes. This is not caused by the shape of nozzle hole but is affected by the pressure change near the inlet of nozzle hole when the needle valve is lifted. The change of spray structure can change the injection volume between nozzle holes. The injection volume is less for a nozzle hole where the curved angle becomes sharp to the nozzle central angle, and is more at the opposite side. When the injection volume of the nozzle hole near the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The PERMCAT process chosen for the final clean-up stage of the Tokamak Exhaust Processing system of the ITER tritium plant combines in a single component a catalytic reactor and a permeator using Pd/Ag membranes. This study covers the mechanical behaviour of a Pd/Ag membrane under different operating conditions. The consequences of hydrogen uptake by the membrane during nominal operation but also during off-normal events are presented. Depending on the operating conditions, expansions around 2% and significant deformations are observed. Different mechanical designs of PERMCAT reactors are then discussed. The first generation comprises finger-type membranes and two new mechanical designs use either additional edge welded bellows or a special corrugated Pd/Ag membrane. These upgraded designs improve the robustness and simplify the geometry of the component. The experimental validation of these new units has been carried out based on the measurements of the processing capabilities with ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The D2 antidopaminergic drug Domperidone was evaluated singly and in combination with synthetic adrenocorticoid and an H2 antihistamine for its ability to reduce the acute emetic effects of /sup 60/Co whole-body radiation. Random-source adult male dogs were fasted 12 hours, fed a standard meal, injected 44 minutes later and irradiated 47 minutes after that. Four groups of dogs were radiated after drug injections as follows: saline (Con), domperidone (Dom), cimetidine + thiethylperazine (Cim+Thi), and dexamethasone + domperidone + cimetidine (Dex+Dom+Cim). Drug quantities for dogs represented 10 mg Dom, 10 mg Thi, 20 mg Dex, and 300 mg Cim for an average human (70 ka, 1.8 m2). Subjects were exposed on an up-down schedule to determine the radiation necessary to produce vomiting in 50% (ED50) of each group. Emesis onset times, offset times, and number of episodes were recorded. The ED50 of Dex+Dom+Cim was higher than Con. Dom produced more emetic ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The KLL Auger electron spectrum of "8"8Sr generated in the EC-decay of "8"8Y has been analyzed at the instrumental resolution of 11 eV using a combined electrostatic spectrometer. Energies and relative intensities of the all nine transitions were determined and compared with theoretical predictions. Our value of 12067.3(12) eV measured for the absolute energy of the dominant KL_2L_3("1D_2) transition was found to be higher by 7.4 eV (i.e., more than 3#sigma#) than that one obtained in a measurement with external excitation. The discrepancy indicates substantial influence of the 'atomic structure effect' on absolute transition energies in our experiment. Very good agreement of the measured 0.14(3) and predicted 0.12 values for the KL_1L_2("3P_0/"1P_1) Auger transition intensity ratio clearly proved the predicted strong influence of the relativistic effects on the KL_1L_2("3P_0) transition rate even at Z = 38.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This is a slide-based oral presentation given to the COG/IAEA: Fifth technical committee meeting on 'Exchange of operating experience of pressurized heavy water reactors' held in Mangalia, Romania on 7-10 September 1998. Since energization of Wolsung Unit 3 station service transformer on July 12, 1996 a line of initial test program was conducted as follows: 1. ILRT/SIT; 2. Pre-operational and Hot Functional testing with a Light Water and without Fuel in Systems; 3. Load D_2O in Moderator System; 4. Initial fuel loading; 5. Load D_2O in PHT System; 6. Hot Functional Testing with Heavy Water and Fuel in Systems; 7. Criticality and Low Power Physics Testing; 8. Power Ascension Test and, then finally, phase-D test; the plant acceptance test was accomplished after having a Mini-Overhaul to prepare for Commercial Operation. These documents contain not only both overall introduction of commissioning and the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mining depth in coal basins of the Ukrainian SSR increases by 12 to 18 m/year and ventilation conditions become more complicated due to increasing methane content in coal seams and hazards of coal spontaneous combustion. Over 87% of Ukrainian coal mines is characterized by methane or carbon dioxide content. In some gassy mines gas emission is as high as 173 m/SUP/3/min. Length of ventilation tunnels in Ukrainian coal mines ranges from 2.1 to 15 km and the average length amounts to 7.3 km. In underground mines of the Ukrainian SSR 730 blowers are used: 61% axial flow blowers and 39% centrifugal blowers. The following blower types are most popular: the VOKD-1.5, VOKD-1.8, VODK-2.4, VTs-25, VTs-32 and VTsD-2.2. Ventilation network of Ukrainian mines consists of 1904 coal faces and 3125 development workings. Ventilation systems used in mines are shown in 2 schemes. Trends in ventilation improvement are discussed: increase of air output by sinking ...

Science.gov (United States)

The kainoid amino acids are biologically important compounds because they show remarkable neuroexcitatory and excitotoxic activities. For exhibiting potent activity, the stereochemical relationship of the substituents on the pyrrolidine ring is crucial. We found simple methods for determining the relative stereochemistry of these compounds on the basis of the (1)H NMR chemical shifts of H-2 and H-4 in D(2)O solution. The signals of H-2 appear at fields higher than 4.2 ppm when the compounds have 2,3-trans stereochemistry whereas, in the 2,3-cis compounds, they appear lower than 4.2 ppm, irrespective of the C-4 substituent. This criterion holds when the solution is in the range of pD 3-8. Moreover, when an epimeric pair at C-2 is available and the spectra are recorded at the same or nearly equal pD, the H-2 chemical shift of the 2,3-trans isomer is higher than that of the corresponding 2,3-cis isomer. Similarly, the relative stereochemistry ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This technical memorandum (TM) documents the 1995 characterization of eight underground radioactive waste tanks at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). These tanks belong to the Gunite and Associated Tanks (GAAT) operable unit, and the characterization is part of the ongoing GAAT remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) process. This TM reports both field observations and analytical results; analytical results are also available from the Oak Ridge Environmental Information System (OREIS) data base under the project name GAAT (PROJ-NAME = GAAT). This characterization effort (Phase II) was a follow-up to the {open_quotes}Phase I{close_quotes} sampling campaign reported in Results of Fall 1994 Sampling of Gunite and Associated Tanks at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, ORNL/ER/Sub/87-99053/74, June 1995. The information contained here should be used in conjunction with that in the previous TM. The sampling plan is documented in ORNL Inactive Waste Tanks ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The optical absorption of the Tm"3"+ ion in the gadolinium oxychloride (GdOCl) matrix in the UV, visible, and NIR range was studied at temperatures between 9 and 300 K. The visible luminescence of GdOCl:Tm"3"+ under Ar"+ ion laser and mercury lamp excitation was recorded at 9, 77, and 300 K, too. The crystal field (CF) splitting of the "3H_4_-_6, "3F_2_-_4, "1G_4, "1D_2, and "1I_6 levels of the Tm"3"+ ion deduced from the spectra was analysed according to the C_4_v point symmetry of the RE"3"+ site. The resulting energy level scheme, consisting of 39 levels (i.e. 55 Stark components) out of the total of 70 (91) for the whole 4f"1"2 configuration, was simulated with the aid of a phenomenological theory taking simultaneously into account both the free-ion and CF effects. The model included 13 adjustable parameters describing the electrostatic (the Racah parameters E_0_-_3) and the configuration interaction (the Trees parameters #alpha#, #beta#, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A comparative test in mice for pulmonary toxicity between butylated hydroxytoluene (2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, BHT) and 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-(alpha, alpha, alpha-2H3)methylphenol (BHT-d3) showed a significantly lower toxic potency of the latter. The rate of in vitro BHT metabolism to 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-methylene-2,5-cyclohexadienone (BHT-QM) was slowed by deuterating BHT in the 4-methyl group. On the other hand, the rate of in vitro metabolism to 2,6-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadienone (BHT-OH) was increased with the deuteration. A similar isotope effect of the deuterium substitution on the in vivo metabolic rates of BHT was observed. These observations support the concept that the lung damage caused by BHT is mediated by BHT-QM. The pulmonary toxicity of 2-tert.-butyl-4-ethylphenol (4-EP) and their deuterated analogs was also compared. 2-tert.-Butyl-4-(1,1-2H2)ethylphenol (4-EP-d2) showed a significantly lower ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

According to the calculations, intensity of the KL_1L_2("3P_0) Auger transition should drastically increase with increasing atomic number Z due to the relativistic effects. However, this behavior was experimentally proved only for very few elements. A lack of enough precise experimental data in the atomic number region Z<45 does not enable one to distinguish between relativistic and non-relativistic approaches in this region. Thus for Z=38 the KL_1L_2("3P_0/"1P_1) intensity ratio was determined with relative uncertainty of 63 % in the only measurement with external excitation. Here we present results of our investigation of the KLL Auger electron spectrum of "8"8Sr generated in the EC decay of "8"8Y (T_1_/_2= 106.6 d). Electron spectra were measured with the 11 eV instrumental resolution using a combined electrostatic spectrometer. The present value of the KL_2L_3("1D_2) absolute transition energy in Sr is higher by 7.4 eV (i.e. more than ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Description or function: WLUP contains validated WIMS-D formatted cross section libraries in 69 and 172 energy group structures for nuclear reactor calculations. Materials from recently released evaluated nuclear data libraries are included. The NJOY nuclear data processing system was applied for generating the cross section files following the models and conventions built into the WIMS-D lattice code. The relevant features for the WIMS users are: - Energy group structures: 69 and 172 energy groups. - List of materials: WIMS ID, general information, source of data. - Cross sections: 69 and 172 group plots. - Resonance data: WIMS ID, temperature, background cross sections. - Goldstein-Cohen factors: Goldstein-Cohen lambda values. - Thermal scattering data: thermal scattering laws and P1 matrixes. - Fission spectrum: fission spectrum data. - Burnup data: burnup chains. - Fission product yields: fission yield tables. - Pseudo lumped fission product: Description of pseudo fission product. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1 - Description or function: Continuous energy cross-section data library for the Monte Carlo program MCNP based on the JEF-2.2 evaluated nuclear data library (ACE Format). Format: ACE Number of groups: Continuous energy Nuclides (107): H-1, H-2, He-4, Li-6, Li-7, Be-9, B-10, B-11, C-nat, N-14, N-15, O-16, O-17, F-19, Na-23, Mg-nat, Al-27, Si-nat, Cl-nat, Ti-nat, Cr-50, Cr-52, Cr-53, Cr-54, Mn-55, Fe-54, Fe-56, Fe-57, Fe-58, Co-59, Ni-58, Ni-60, Ni-61, Ni-62, Ni-64, Zr-90, Zr-91, Zr-92, Zr-94, Zr-96, Zr-nat, Nb-93, Mo-92, Mo-94, Mo-95, Mo-96, Mo-97, Mo-98, Mo-100, Mo-nat, Tc-99, Ru-101, Ru-102, Ru-104, Rh-103, Pd-105, Pd-107, Ag-109, I-129, Xe-131, Cs-133, Pr-141, Nd-143, Nd-145, Pm-147, Sm-147, Sm-149, Sm-150, Sm-151, Sm-152, Eu-153, Gd-154, Gd-155, Gd-156, Gd-157, Gd-158, Gd-160, Hf-174, Hf-176, Hf-177, Hf-178, Hf-179, Hf-180, Pb-nat, Bi-209, Th-232, U-234, U-235, U-236, U-238, Np-237, Pu-238, Pu-239, Pu-239bis, Pu-240, Pu-241, Pu-242, Am-241, Am-242, Am-242m, Am-243, Cm-242, Cm-243, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report presents the methodology and the results from the modelling of an open repository for spent nuclear fuel in Laxemar. Specifically, the present work analyses the hydrological effects of the planned repository during the construction and operational phases when it is open, i.e. air-filled, and hence may cause a disturbance of the hydrological conditions in the surroundings. The numerical modelling is based on the SDM-Site Laxemar MIKE SHE model. The modelling was divided into three steps. The first step was to update the SDM-Site Laxemar model with a new hydrogeological bedrock model. The other main updates were an increase of the depth of the MIKE SHE model domain, enhanced vertical computational resolution and that the drainage of the Aespoe Hard Rock Laboratory was included in the model. The resulting model was used to simulate undisturbed natural conditions. The next step was to describe the open repository conditions, using Laxemar layout ...