1-3 igg inhibits: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

Development of detection methods for irradiated foods; development of immunological identification of irradiated foods

The agglutination of human platelets by ristocetin and von Willebrand factor was inhibited by aggregated immunoglobulin (Ig)G and by Fc fragments of IgG, but not by Fab, F(ab′)₂ or...Full Text Available

1978-11-01

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Human anti-rhesus D IgG1 antibody produced in transgenic plants.

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay systems for the identification of irradiated egg, pork and chicken was developed. Eggs were irradiated in their shells to 0.5{approx}7kGy. Pork was irradiated to 0.5{approx}3kGy and chicken irradiated to 0.5kGy{approx}5kGy. The most sensitive proteins to irradiation were screened by SDS-PAGE and purified. Ovalbumin from egg, salt soluble protein(p) from pork, and salt soluble protein(c) from chicken showed the most sensitivity to irradiation. To investigate for a practical use in identifying of irradiated egg, pork and chicken, competitive ELISA was performed. The binding activity of ovalbumin to anti-ovalbumin IgG was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by irradiating up to 7kGy, and considerably lowered after irradiating at 7kGy. The concentration of 50% inhibition of ovalbumin to IgG was increased to 1.5(0.5kGy){approx}3.7(7kGy) times in an dose-dependent relationship. The binding ...

2002-04-01

3

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: 2002-Apr

2002-01-01

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Competitive degradation between the fumigants chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene in unamended and amended soils.

Some characteristics of a secreted chlamydial antigen recognized by IgG from C. trachomatis patient sera.

The mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) is used as a preplant soil fumigant. In comparison with individual fumigants, application of a mixture may affect the environmental dissipation and fate of each chemical, such as emission and degradation. We investigated the degradation of CP, 1,3-D, and their mixture in fresh soils and sterile soils, and evaluated the competitive characteristic of fumigants in the mixture. The degradation of low concentrations of CP in fresh soil was accelerated at early times in the presence of 1,3-D, whereas the addition of CP reduced the degradation rate of trans-1,3-D, possibly by inhibiting the activity of trans-1,3-D degrading microorganisms. The potential of applying amendments to the soil to increase the rate of CP and 1,3-D degradation was also illustrated. The ...

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Role of IgG and complement component C5 in the initial course of experimental cryptococcosis.

Chlamydia trachomatis serovars release a glycolipid antigen (GLXA) into the culture supernatant during the infective cycle. This antigen is recognized by IgG isolated from humans with a natural chlamydial...Full Text Available

1989-12-01

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Reduction of IgG in nonhuman primates by a peptide antagonist of the neonatal Fc receptor FcRn

Although cellular immunity has a crucial role during cryptococcosis, several in vitro studies have pointed out the importance of IgG anti-Cryptococcus neoformans antibodies and complement components...Full Text Available

1989-12-01

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Human heterophilic antibodies against equine immunoglobulins: assessment of their role in the early adverse reactions to antivenom administration

The neonatal Fc receptor FcRn provides IgG molecules with their characteristically long half-lives in vivo by protecting them from intracellular catabolism and then returning them to...Full Text Available

2008-02-19

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British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary The presence of human heterophilic antibodies against horse immunoglobulins (HHA-HI) was determined by ELISA in sera from healthy volunteers and from patients who received equine antivenom for therapy of snake bite envenoming. These patients were selected from two independent clinical studies: one in Colombia in which patients received antivenom constituted by whole IgG (n=25); and the other in Brazil where an antivenom constituted by F(abprime)2 fragments was administered (n=31). Results show that healthy volunteers have antibodies, mainly of the IgG class, able to react with whole equine IgG. Additionally, patients have IgG antibodies that react both with whole equine IgG and F(abprime)2 fragments. In both clinical studies, no significant differences were observed in the HHA-HI t...

2008-01-01

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Kinetics of inhibition of green crab (Scylla serrata) alkaline phosphatase by sodium (2,2'-bipyridine) oxodiperoxovanadate.

Multi-modality treatment of primary nonresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with "1"3"1I anti-CEA--a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study

Green crab (Scylla serrata) alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) is a metalloenzyme, which catalyzes the nonspecific hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters. The kinetics of inhibition of the enzyme by sodium (2, 2'-bipyridine) oxodiperoxovanadate, pV(bipy), has been studied. The time course of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-phosphate catalyzed by the enzyme in the presence of different pV(bipy) concentrations showed that at each pV(bipy) concentration, the rate decreased with increasing time until a straight line was approached, the straight line slopes are the same for all concentrations. The results suggest that the inhibition of the enzyme by pV(bipy) is a slow, reversible reaction with fractional remaining activity. The microscopic rate constants are determined for the reaction of inhibitor with the enzyme. PMID:10691182

1999-10-01

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Successful treatment of pediatric IgG4 related systemic disease with mycophenolate mofetil: case report and a review of the pediatric autoimmune pancreatitis literature

Thirty-seven patients with primary nonresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (57% with prior treatment and/or metastasis) were prospectively treated with external radiation, chemotherapy, and "1"3"1I labelled anti-CEA. Therapy began in all trials with whole liver irradiation (21.0 Gy, 3.0 Gy/Fx, 4 days/week, 10 MV photons) with alternate treatment day chemotherapy (Adriamycin, 15 mg + 5-FU, 500 mg). One month after external beam therapy, chemotherapy was given (Adriamycin, 15 mg + 5-FU, 500 mg) followed the next day by the first administration of "1"3"1I anti-CEA. The treatment schedule used was 20 mCi day 0; 10 mCi day 5 as an outpatient. This schedule was derived from tumor dose estimates which indicated that 20 mCi (8-10 mCi/mg IgG) was sufficient to achieve tumor saturation with a tumor effective half-life of 3 to 5 days, depending upon the species of animal from which the antibody was obtained. The median tumor ...

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Local and systemic antibody response to bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection and reinfection in calves with and without maternal antibodies.

Autoimmune pancreatitis is frequently associated with elevated serum and tissue IgG4 levels in the adult population, but there are few reports of pediatric autoimmune pancreatitis, and even fewer reports...Full Text Available

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Drilling mud for application during the drilling of caving-prone rock

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, IgG1, and IgG2 antibodies against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) were used to measure antibody responses...Full Text Available

1987-06-01

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Positive IgG Western Blot for Borrelia burgdorferi in Colombia

The authors propose a drilling solution for use in caving-prone rock formations. This solution contains clay, hydrolized polyacrylonitrile, and water. In order to improve the solution's inhibitive properties during high-temperatures, azodicarbonamide (the blowing agent ChKhZ-21) is introduced in adequate quantities. The solution's makeup is as follows, given by percentage of weight,-- Clay 5-8%; hydrolized polyacrylonitrile 0.1-0.5%; azodicarbonamide (the blowing agent ChKhZ-21) 1-3%, with the remainder being water.

1981-01-01

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Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english In order to evaluate the presence of specific IgG antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with clinical manifestations associated with Lyme borreliosis in Cali, Colombia, 20 serum samples from patients with dermatologic signs, one cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample from a patient with chronic neurologic and arthritic manifestations, and twelve serum samples from individuals without clinical signs associated with Lyme borreliosis were analyzed by IgG Western blot. The (more) results were interpreted following the recommendations of the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) for IgG Western blots. Four samples fulfilled the CDC criteria: two serum specimens from patients with morphea (localized scleroderma), the CSF from the patient with neurologic and arthritic manifestations, and one of the controls. Interpretation of positive serology for Lyme disease in non-endemic countries must be ...

1999-07-01

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Evidence for an association between TSH and IGF-1 receptors

Anti-beta-endorphin immunoglobulin G in humans.

TSH receptor (TSHR) plays a central role in regulating thyroid function and is targeted by IgGs in Graves’ disease (GD-IgG). Whether TSHR is involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid associated...Full Text Available

2008-09-15

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Optimization of amide-based inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase with improved water solubility.

Human IgG specific for beta-endorphin was identified by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay and isolated by affinity chromatography. From a sample of 27 subjects, three individuals with major depression...Full Text Available

1986-11-01

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Protective efficiency of dendrosomes as novel nano-sized adjuvants for DNA vaccination against birch pollen allergy

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays an important role in the metabolism of endogenous chemical mediators involved in the regulation of blood pressure and inflammation. 1,3-Disubstituted ureas with a polar group located on the fifth atom from the carbonyl group of urea function are active inhibitors of sEH both in vitro and in vivo. However, their limited solubility in water and relatively high melting point lead to difficulties in formulating the compounds and poor in vivo efficacy. To improve these physical properties, the effect of structural modification of the urea pharmacophore on the inhibition potencies, water solubilities, octanol/water partition coefficients (log P), and melting points of a series of compounds was evaluated. For murine sEH, no loss of inhibition potency was observed when the urea pharmacophore was modified to an amide function, while for human sEH 2.5-fold decreased ...

2005-05-19

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British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We evaluated the use of a novel gene porter (Den123-a nontoxic self-assembled dendritic spheroidal nanoparticle made of biodegradable monomers), aiming to enhance and improve the desired immune response in protection from allergy. Footpad DNA immunization in Balb/c mice was done three times using the Bet v 1a gene with or without Den123 with 2-week intervals followed by sensitization with rBetv1 (5mg) in alum twice in a weekly interval. Different doses of pCMV-Betv1 were used (10mg and 100mg). The protective role of different formulations was evaluated by measuring the IgG1, IgG2a and IgE antibody production, cytokine release of isolated splenocytes and b-hexosaminidase release from the RBL cells. Higher and increasing ratios of IgG2a/IgG1 were seen in mice which received plasmids in combi...

2006-01-01

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Experimental bovine trypanosomiasis. Changes in serum immunoglobulins, complement and complement components in infected animals.

Presence of antibodies to a putatively immunosuppressive part of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein gp41 is strongly associated with health among HIV-positive subjects.

In three calves experimentally infected with Trypanosoma congolense the amounts of IgG1 and IgG2 were little changed and similar to those of normal animals. IgM increased in amount early in the infection and the amount of the increase appeared related to the parasite burden. The amounts of IgA and IgE were both much decreased and this also appeared related to the numbers of parasites in the blood. There was a decrease in the amounts of total haemolytic complement and complement components C1, C1q and C3 in the infected calves. Furthermore the amounts of properdin fluctuated with the cyclical changes in numbers of T. congolense parasites in the individual calves. No significant change in the amount of C8 was observed. It is considered that activation of both the alternative and the classical complement pathways occurs in trypanosome infected animals but that neither pathway goes to its terminal stages.

1978-11-01

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Glutamine-linked and Non-consensus Asparagine-linked Oligosaccharides Present in Human Recombinant Antibodies Define Novel Protein Glycosylation Motifs

The IgG response to gp41 (envelope glycoprotein of Mr 41,000) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was studied with eight synthetic peptides derived from three different regions of the protein....Full Text Available

1988-07-01

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Envenoming after carpet viper (Echis ocellatus) bite during pregnancy: timely use of effective antivenom improves maternal and foetal outcomes

We report the presence of oligosaccharide structures on a glutamine residue present in the V_L domain sequence of a recombinant human IgG2 molecule. Residue Gln-106, present in the QGT sequence...Full Text Available

2010-05-21

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Determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA to Brucella melitensis major outer membrane proteins and whole-cell heat-killed antigens in sera of patients with brucellosis.

SummaryThe report describes successful management of 10 women in 2nd and 3rd pregnancy trimesters with EchiTab IgG antivenom after carpet viper (Echis ocellatus) envenoming. All...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

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Antibodies against a novel nucleolar and cytoplasmic antigen (p105-p42) present in the sera of patients with a subset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with signs of scleroderma

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to compare Brucella melitensis major outer membrane proteins (MOMP) and whole-cell heat-killed antigens (HK) in measuring antibrucella immunoglobulin G...Full Text Available

1989-08-01

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Antioxidative and Inhibition Activities on Helicobacter pylori of Spice Extracts

We identified three patients (two of them relatives) with RA and signs of scleroderma whose sera contained a high titre of IgG class antibodies against the nucleoli and the nucleoplasm of cells of different...Full Text Available

1998-11-01

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Turbidimetric determination of sulfite ion in inhibited ethylene glycol-water solutions

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2006-03-01

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Study of the action of a phosphonate additive on steel scale deposit and corrosion in the hydrodynamic conditions of a channel flow cell; Etude de l'action d'un additif phosphone sur l'entartrage et sur la corrosion de l'acier dans les conditions hydrodynamiques d'une cellule a canal

Turbidimetric method for determining sulfite in inhibited ethylene glycol-water solutions

1970-01-01

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Radiosynthesis of hydrogel confined to hollow-fiber membranes for the design of a bioartificial extra-corporeal liver

In cooling systems, an improved control of scale deposit and corrosion processes is a major challenge and an realistic evaluation tool for water treatments is of the utmost economic importance. In this study, a channel flow cell was used to allow in-situ electrochemical measurements in well defined electrolyte tube flowing conditions. An expression of the mass transfer towards the electrode was established where the diffusion-limited current is a function of Re{sup 1/3} in the laminar regime and was verified experimentally using the redox couples Fe[CN]{sub 6}{sup 4-}/ Fe[CN]{sub 6}{sup 3-} and O{sub 2}/OH{sup -}. This hydrodynamically controlled experimental device was developed to investigate scale deposit processes and to evaluate scale inhibitor efficiency using a electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. Experiments were performed on three different waters, at various flow rates and temperatures. The efficiency of a well known phosphonate (HEDP) was tested ...

2000-10-17

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Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes as affinity ligands

Current bioartificial extra-corporeal systems are bioreactors where cells are separated from the surrounding media by porous polymeric membranes. The present work focuses on the design of membranes that allow the differential diffusion of plasma metabolites and proteins such as immunoglobulin (IgG). This design will improve catabolites removal and reduce possible immune response and virus infection. We demonstrate the feasibility to synthesize the hydrogels confined to the macroporous structure of membranes by radiation-induced in situ polymerization. The hollow-fiber membranes were soaked in aqueous monomeric solution, rinsed and irradiated while submerged in oil. This procedure confined the hydrogel to the void internal volume of the pores of the membrane. Hydrogels of polyacrylamide and polyHEMA were synthesized this way by irradiation at 10 kGy. Hydraulic permeability and diffusion of glucose, albumin and IgG were measured in these ...

2007-08-15

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Multicellular level dosimetry and low dose rate effects

Functionalization of carbon nanotubes is very challenging for their applications. The paper here describes a new method to functionalize multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as specific affinity adsorbents. MWCNTs were acid purified and pretreated with (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane (APTES) in order to introduce abundant amino groups on the surface of MWCNTs. After the conversion of amino groups to carboxyl groups by succinic acid anhydride, MWCNTs were attached to protein A or aminodextran using 1-ethyl-3,3' (dimethylamion)-propylcarbodiimide as a biofunctional crosslinker. The incorporation of aminodextran as a spacer arm noticeably increased the binding capacity of the APTES-modified MWCNTs for protein A. The application of affinity MWCNTs for purification of immunoglobulin G was then evaluated. The affinity of MWCNTs with AMD spacer exhibited a high adsorption capacity of {approx}361 {mu}g IgG/mg MWCNT (wet basis). About 75% of bound IgG was eluted ...

2007-03-21

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In vivo studies of the long-term "5"1Cr red cell survival of serologically incompatible red cell units

Building on the concepts of MIRD methods described by Webber, Watson and others at this Symposium on the Dosimetry of Administered Radionuclides, we will now consider how to apply these principles to several experimentally based open-quote macroclose quotes and multicellular models. Specifically, methods to calculate absorbed dose using different types of particulate emission (alpha, beta) with a variety of antibody carriers (IgG, F(ab')_2, Fab) for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) will be reviewed. Additionally, a discussion of direct measurement methods at the multicellular level will reveal the problems of tumor absorbed dose heterogeneity when applied to animal and clinical studies.

1989-09-21

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Improvement of structural and electrochemical properties of AlF{sub 3}-coated Li[Ni{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}]O{sub 2} cathode materials on high voltage region

The long-term survival of serologically incompatible red cell units was measured in five patients with antibodies to high-frequency antigens. Initially, the survival of 1 ml of "5"1Cr-labeled incompatible red cells was measured over 1 hour. After demonstrating that the 1-hour survival times were successful (greater than 70%), each patient then received 5 ml of the same "5"1Cr-labeled red cells followed by the transfusion of the remainder of the red cell unit. The long-term T 1/2Cr survival for each case was patient 1 (anti-McCa), 15 days; patient 2 (anti-JMH), 12 days; patient 3 (anti-Kna), 31 days; patient 4 (anti-McCa), 12 days; and patient 5 (anti-Hya), 14 days. Each antibody tested in an in vitro homologous macrophage assay showed less than 5 percent phagocytosis. Anti-JMH was the only antibody to react with IgG subclass antisera and was determined to be IgG4. The macrophage assay, IgG subclass testing, and short-term ...

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The inhibition of the primary interaction between "1"2"5I-labeled human hemoglobin and rabbit anti-human hemoglobin sera: a sensitive radioimmunoassay technique

The particle surface of Li[Ni{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}]O{sub 2} was modified by AlF{sub 3} as a new coating material to improve the electrochemical properties in the high cutoff voltage of 4.5 V. The AlF{sub 3}-coated Li[Ni{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}]O{sub 2} showed no difference in the bulk structure compared with the pristine one and the uniform AlF{sub 3} coating layers whose thickness is of about 10 nm covered Li[Ni{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}]O{sub 2} particles, as confirmed by a transmission electron microscopy. The AlF{sub 3} coating on Li[Ni{sub 1/3}Co{sub 1/3}Mn{sub 1/3}]O{sub 2} particles improved the overall electrochemical properties such as the cyclability, rate capability and thermal stability compared with ...

2008-04-01

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Methanogenic Inhibition by Arsenic Compounds

... ammonium compounds antigen-antibody reactions hemoglobin inhibition

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EFFECTS OF STERIt!ZI#C AGENTS ON HiCROOR6AIISI#S

The acute acetoclastic methanogenic inhibition of several inorganic and organic arsenicals was assayed. Trivalent species, i.e., methylarsonous acid and arsenite, were highly inhibitory, with 50% inhibitory...Full Text Available

2004-09-01

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Hysteretic Behavior of Proprotein Convertase 1/3 (PC1/3)

6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) inhibits the growth of. Escherichia coli B. Growth inhibition is ... reversed by subculture of the cells in 6-mercaptopurine- ...

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Spices Mycobiota and Mycotoxins Available in Saudi Arabia and Their Abilities to Inhibit Growth of Some Toxigenic Fungi

The proprotein convertases (PCs) are calcium-dependent proteases responsible for processing precursor proteins into their active forms in eukariotes. The PC1/3 is a pivotal enzyme of this family that...Full Text Available

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Specific Btk inhibition suppresses B cell? and myeloid cell?mediated arthritis

Full Text Available

2007-06-01

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SIMPLE METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY INHIBITING FUNCTION OF MULTIPLE GENE IN NEMATODE

Abstract not provided

2011-08-29

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J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

2009-10-09

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Naltrexone Inhibits Catecholamine Secretion Evoked by Nicotinic Receptor Stimulation in the Perfused Rat Adrenal Medulla

LACTIC BACTERIUM HAVING AGING-INHIBITING ACTIVITY AND APPLICATION THEREOF

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2005-08-01

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J-STORE (Japan)

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2007-04-20

42

Growth Inhibition of Sclerotium Cepivorum Causing Allium White Rot by Serratia plymuthica Producing Chitinase

Growth Inhibition of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Juice on the Microorganisms

Full Text Available

2003-02-01

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Effect of Chitosan Solution on the Inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens Causing Bacterial Head Rot of Broccoli

Full Text Available

1998-02-01

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Industrial emissions of 1,3-butadiene.

Full Text Available

2010-06-01

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Flow rate and decontamination factor of "1"3"7Cs and "1"3"1I through mixed resin bed

Sources of industrial emissions of 1,3-butadiene are discussed both by process (production, consumers) and type (equipment leaks, point sources). Quantification of the emissions are presented, as reported...Full Text Available

1990-06-01

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Mechanism of iron inhibition by stearic acid Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers

(Sep 1971). Japan Yokotsuka, Seiichiro Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd.,

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Acid corrosion inhibition of copper by mangrove tannin

Many organic compounds can be adsorbed onto the interface of a metal and solution to form a thin film that inhibits the corrosion process according to a blocking and/or negative catalytic effect. Using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique, stearic acid (SA) monolayers were deposited onto the surface of an iron (Fe) electrode to study the inhibition effect and the mechanism of SA in a neutral medium. Molecular orientation and the number of deposited monolayers of SA were shown to have marked effects on inhibition of Fe corrosion. The inhibition mechanism depended mainly on blocking.

1995-01-01

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British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the corrosion inhibition potential of mangrove (Rhizopora apiculata) tannin in hydrochloric acid medium on copper with the view of developing a natural corrosion inhibitor. Design/methodology/approach - The mangrove tannin was extracted from the mangrove bark and its anticorrosion potential was studied by weight loss, electrochemical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Findings - It has been found that the mangrove tannin effectively inhibits the corrosion on copper metal in hydrochloric acid solution. The results of the electrochemical and weight loss methods showed that the inhibition efficiency of mangrove tannin increases with increasing its concentration. Inhibition is achieved through the adsorption of tannin molecules o...

2011-01-01

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Biosorption of Americium-242 by saccharomyces cerevisiae: preliminary evaluation and mechanism

Specificity of the human proteoglycan radioimmunoassay

As an important radioisotope in nuclear industry and other fields, americium-241 is one of the most serious contamination concerns duo to its high radiation toxicity and long half-life. In this experiment, the biosorption of "2"4"1Am from solution by a fungus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae), and the effects of various experimental conditions on the biosorption and the mechanism were explored. The preliminary results showed that S. cerevisiae is a very efficient biosorbent. An average of more than 99% of the total "2"4"1Am could be removed by S. cerevisiae of 2.1g/L (dry weight) from "2"4"1Am solutions of 2.22MBq/L -555 MBq/L (Co). The adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 1 hour and the optimum pH ranged 1-3. The culture times of more than 16 hours were suitable and the efficient adsorption of 241Am by the S. cerevisiae could be noted. The biosorption of 241Am by the decomposed cell wall, protoplasm or cell membrane of S. cerevisiae was same ...

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Follow-up of pregnant women exposed to chicken pox: an audit of relationship between level of antibody and development of chicken pox

The human articular cartilagineous proteoglycans (PG) R.I.A. is highly specific. The PG used as the standard and the /sup 125/I labelled molecule appear to be pure. Under these conditions, all the potential interfering substances which have been tested show no cross reaction. For instance, the Ag-Ab equilibrium is not affected by adding human IgG, human albumin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, rat type II collagen or total human serum proteins. This R.I.A. also exhibits a species spcificity since there is no cross reaction with rat PG and negligible cross section with dog PG. The results obtained after addition of enzymes to the antigen demonstrate that the antigenic sites are localized on the protein region and not on the glycosaminoglycan region of the molecule.

1981-01-01

51

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this study was to validate through natural exposure a cut-off level of varicella zoster IgG as protective against infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). Laboratory testing to determine VZV immune status of pregnant women exposed to varicella is recommended. Quantitative assays are now available which are sensitive and specific. More than 200 consecutive requests for screening in pregnant patients with recent varicella contacts were followed-up by questionnaire. DiaSorin LIAISON and VZV time resolved fluorescence immuno assay (VZV TRFIA) were used to measure VZV antibody level. One hundred fifty out of 209 (72%) questionnaires were returned; 14 patients developed varicella, 129 did not and seven were not known. Patients who had been given VZIG and developed varicella on...

2011-01-01

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Consensus sequence L/PKSSLL mimics crucial epitope on Loop III of Taiwan cobra cardiotoxin

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Phage display is effective in screening peptides that mimic venom's neutralizing epitopes. A phage display cyclized heptapeptide library (C7C library) was panned with purified divalent antivenin IgG, which neutralizes Naja naja atra venom (NAV) and Bungarus multicinctus venom (BMV). The selected heptapeptide sequences were aligned with known protein sequences of NAV and BMV in GenBank. One of the four consensus sequences, L/PKSSLL, mimicked the crucial epitope on Loop III of Taiwan cobra cardiotoxin that is associated with the venom's lethal potency. In dot blot analysis, several clones showed varying reactivities for NAV monovalent antivenin and lesser cross-reactions with BMV monovalent antivenin. The KSSLLRN-carrying phage occurred four times in selected clones and showed the strongest ...

2009-01-01

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Synthesis of Some 2-Amino-5-Substituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles Through the Electrooxidation of Semicarbazone

The measurement of the fission product ratios, "1"3"4Cs/"1"3"7Cs and "1"5"4Eu/"1"3"7Cs in spent PWR fuel by gamma scanning method

Full Text Available

2009-04-01

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The Dynamical Mechanism of Auto-Inhibition of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

We obtained the ratios of "1"3"4Cs/"1"3"7Cs and "1"5"4Eu/"1"3"7Cs in spent PWR fuels with gamma scanning equipment of irradiated material examination facility. The fuel segments, of which the burn-up is about 40 GWD/MTU and its cooling time is 8.4 years, are prepared in Post Irradiated Examination Facility and transported to IMEF. By considering of multi-peaks of "1"3"4Cs and "1"5"4Eu, we obtained the relative efficiency of the gamma scanning system as a function of energy. And finally we obtained the number ratios of radioactive nuclides in 72 fuel pellets, radioactive "1"3"4Cs/"1"3"7Cs and "1"5"4Eu/"1"3"7Cs. (author). 4 refs., 27 tabs., 28 figs.

1988-09-18

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Reduced dopamine function within the medial shell of the nucleus accumbens enhances latent inhibition

We use a novel normal mode analysis of an elastic network model drawn from configurations generated during microsecond all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to analyze the mechanism of auto-inhibition...Full Text Available

2011-07-01

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Protection against chemical-induced lung injury by inhibition of pulmonary cytochrome P-450.

Latent inhibition (LI) manifests as poorer conditioning to a CS that has previously been presented without consequence. There is some evidence that LI can be potentiated by reduced mesoaccumbal dopamine...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

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Mycophenolic acid inhibits activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rodent fibroblasts

Protection afforded by trialkyl phosphorothionates against the lung injury caused by trialkyl phosphorothiolates probably results from the inhibition by the P = S moiety of the thionates, of one or...Full Text Available

1990-04-01

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MicroRNAs and small interfering RNAs can inhibit mRNA expression by similar mechanisms

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressive drug that acts as a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). MMF has recently been shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity...Full Text Available

2003-05-01

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Method for inhibiting fouling of petrochemical processing equipment

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously encoded small noncoding RNAs, derived by processing of short RNA hairpins, that can inhibit the translation of mRNAs bearing partially complementary target sequences....Full Text Available

2003-08-19

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Maturation of GABAergic Inhibition Promotes Strengthening of Temporally Coherent Inputs among Convergent Pathways

Method for inhibiting the formation of foulants on petrochemical equipment which involves adding to the petrochemical, during processing, a composition comprising a thiodipropionate and either a dialkyl acid phosphate ester or a dialkyl acid phosphite ester.

1980-10-07

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Inhibition of lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis by 3-deazaadenosine: Evidence for a methylation reaction essential to cytolysis

Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), a form of Hebbian plasticity, is inherently stabilizing. Whether and how GABAergic inhibition influences STDP is not well understood. Using a model neuron driven...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

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Inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase A induces oxidative stress and inhibits tumor progression

3-Deazaadenosine (deazaAdo) inhibits lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis in vitro at micromolar concentrations and is potentiated markedly in this activity by L-homocysteine thiolactone....Full Text Available

1978-12-01

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Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis by Mechanically Loaded Osteocytes: Involvement of MEPE

As the result of genetic alterations and tumor hypoxia, many cancer cells avidly take up glucose and generate lactate through lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), which is encoded by a target gene of c-Myc...Full Text Available

2010-02-02

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Inhibited spontaneous emission by a Rydberg atom

In regions of high bone loading, the mechanoresponsive osteocytes inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption by producing signaling molecules. One possible candidate is matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein...Full Text Available

2010-11-01

65

Gynura procumbens Merr. decreases blood pressure in rats by vasodilatation via inhibition of calcium channels

Spontaneous radiation by an atom in a Rydberg state is inhibited by use of parallel conducting planes to eliminate the vacuum modes at the transition frequency. Spontaneous radiation emission is observed to turn off abruptly at the cutoff frequency of the waveguidelike structure, and the natural lifetime is measured to increase by a factor of at least 20.

1985-11-11

66

Further Studies of the Ability of Xyloglucan Oligosaccharides to Inhibit Auxin-Stimulated Growth 1

INTRODUCTION:Gynura procumbens has been shown to decrease blood pressure via inhibition of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme. However, other mechanisms that...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

67

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibits the migratory behavior of tumor bronchial epithelial cells

The structural features required for xyloglucan oligosaccharides to inhibit 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid-stimulated elongation of pea stem segments have been investigated. A nonasaccharide (XG9)...Full Text Available

1992-05-01

68

Effect of Inhibition of Acetoclastic Methanogenesis on Growth of Archaeal Populations in an Anoxic Model Environment

BackgroundMany studies associated the main polyphenolic constituent of green tea, (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), with inhibition of cancers, invasion and metastasis. To date,...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

69

Complement-inhibiting and anti-inflammatory properties of chlorazole fast pink 2BL.

Methyl fluoride is frequently used to specifically inhibit acetoclastic methanogenesis, thus allowing determination of the relative contribution of acetate versus H₂/CO₂ to total...Full Text Available

2006-01-01

70

Clinical outcomes and management of mechanism-based inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4

Chlorazole fast pink 2BL inhibited the classical complement pathway in rat serum both in vivo and in vitro. The in vitro potency of chlorazole fast pink against the alternative pathway could not be...Full Text Available

1981-02-01

71

Cangrelor increases the magnitude of platelet inhibition and reduces interindividual variability in clopidogrel-pretreated subjects

Mechanism-based inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 is characterized by NADPH-, time-, and concentration-dependent enzyme inactivation, occurring when some drugs are converted by CYPs to reactive...Full Text Available

2005-03-01

72

Antiviral Inhibition of Enveloped Virus Release by Tetherin/BST-2: Action and Counteraction

BackgroundInadequate platelet inhibition despite aspirin and clopidogrel therapy during and after a percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with an impaired clinical outcome....Full Text Available

2009-05-01

73

Abscisic Acid Inhibition of Radicle Emergence But Not Seedling Growth Is Suppressed by Sugars1

Tetherin (BST2/CD317) has been recently recognized as a potent interferon-induced antiviral molecule that inhibits the release of diverse mammalian enveloped virus particles from infected cells. By...Full Text Available

74

Triptolide-induced suppression of phospholipase D expression inhibits proliferation of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

Low concentrations of sugars altered the sensitivity of seed germination to inhibition by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA). Germination of wild-type and ABA-insensitive (abi) Arabidopsis...Full Text Available

2000-04-01

75

The Inhibition of Epileptogenesis During Status Epilepticus by Ginsenosides of Korean Red Ginseng and Ginseng Cell Culture (Dan25)

Full Text Available

2009-09-01

76

Partial inhibition of in vitro pollen germination by simulated solar ultraviolet-B radiation

Full Text Available

2007-09-01

77

Inhibition of melanoma growth by subcutaneous administration of hTERTC27 viral cocktail in C57BL/6 mice.

Pollen from four temperate-latitude taxa were treated with UV radiation in a portion of the UV-B (280-320 nm) waveband during in vitro germination. Inhibition of germination was noted in this pollen compared to samples treated identically except for the exclusion of the UV-B portion of the spectrum. Levels similar to maximum solar UV-B found in temperate-latitude areas failed to inhibit pollen germination significantly, while levels similar to maximum solar UV-B found in equatorial alpine locations caused partial inhibition of germination in three of the four taxa examined.

1984-01-01

78

Electrochemical behavior of nickel in nitric acid and its corrosion inhibition using some thiosemicarbazone derivatives

PMID:20856939

2010-09-13

79

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The adsorption and corrosion inhibition behavior of three selected thiosemicarbazone derivatives, namely 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (META), isonicotinaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (PARA) and 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (ORTHO) at the nickel surface were studied electrochemically by Tafel and impedance methods and computationally by carrying out Monte Carlo searches of configurational space on nickel/thiosemicarbazone derivative system. Electrochemical measurements showed that the inhibition efficiency of these compounds increased with increase in their concentration. The recorded inhibition efficiencies of the three tested thiosemicarbazone increase in the order: META>PARA>ORTHO. Polarization studies showed that these compounds act as mixed-type inhibitors for n...

2010-01-01

80

Difference in the effects produced by non-radioactive and radioactive calcium

Stainless steel acid corrosion inhibition by organic dyes

... aluminum calcium calcium 45 cations citric acid corrosion inhibition radiation

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

81

Stainless steel acid corrosion inhibition by organic dyes

Azobenzene dyes are effective inhibitors for austenitic 304 L and 316 L stainless steel corrosion in high acidic medium up to 7N. A good efficiency is obtained from weight loss and electrochemical Rsub(p) measurements in hydrochloric acid, while no inhibition is observed in sulfuric solutions. Transformation from the primarily azobenzene to other compounds give rise to enhanced protection of steel samples, and probable structures of the inhibiting species are proposed in view of our results.

1983-10-01

82

The isolation of "1"3"9Ce after production by a proton-induced nuclear reaction on praseodymium

Azobenzene dyes are effective inhibitors for austenitic 304 L and 316 L stainless steel corrosion in high acidic medium up to 7N. A good efficiency is obtained from weight loss and electrochemical Rsub(p) measurements in hydrochloric acid, while no inhibition is observed in sulfuric solutions. Transformation from the primarily azobenzene to other compounds give rise to enhanced protection of steel samples, and probable structures of the inhibiting species are proposed in view of our results.

83

Tissue distribution of "1"3"1I radiolabeled transferrin in the athymic nude mouse: localization of a human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 xenograft

A method, based on anion exchange chromatography, is presented for the isolation of "1"3"9Ce after production by a proton-induced nuclear reaction on a thick praseodymium target. After bombardment the target is dissolved in nitric acid and "1"3"9Ce oxidised to the Ce(IV) oxidation state with bromic acid. "1"3"9Ce is then separated form the praseodymium by anion exchange chromatography on a Ag MP-1 resin column in a nitric acid - bromic acid mixture. "1"3"9Ce is sorbed onto the resin column and praseodymium eluted with the acid mixture. The bromic acid is washed out of the column with nitric acid and "1"3"9Ce finally eluted with dilute nitric acid containing sulphur dioxide.

2001-02-17

84

Studies on the mechanism of 1,3-butadiene-induced leukemogenesis: the potential role of endogenous murine leukemia virus.

The tissue distribution of "1"3"1I-transferrin ("1"3"1I-Tf) was studied in athymic nude mice having s.c. human colonic adenocarcinoma HT-29 xenografts. Four days after "1"3"1I-Tf injection, the "1"3"1I specific activity measured in the HT-29 tumor, i.e. amount of radioactivity per gram of fresh tissue, represented 0.31 #+-# 0.09% of the injected radioactivity and was 1.90 fold more than that measured in the murine colon (P < 0.05). After correction for intravascular "1"3"1I-Tf as estimated by mean of "9"9"mTc-Sn in vivo labeling of red blood cells, the "1"3"1I specific activity observed in the HT-29 tumor was 7.21 fold more than that observed in the murine colon. This subtracting method enabled us to localize a HT-29 tumor xenograft by #gamma# scintigraphy of the entire animal and demonstrated that "1"3"1I-Tf could be a non-specific but ...

85

Sunflower turboalternator csu 1-3 2348 hour test summary report

Previous studies have revealed marked differences in the incidence of leukemia between rats and mice exposed to 1,3-butadiene that do not appear to be readily explained on the basis of pharmacokinetics...Full Text Available

1990-06-01

86

Sheep prefer clean forage over forage contaminated with military explosives TNT, RDX and HMX

Performance and endurance testing of sunflower turboalternator combined shaft unit

1964-01-01

87

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The common military explosives 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX) are distributed in many military training areas, and are thus encountered by grazing animals. The aim of this study was to examine small ruminant's intake of forage contaminated with explosives. An indoor, experimental setup was used to determine if contamination of forage by these compounds affected intake by sheep. The results clearly demonstrate that contamination by any of the three explosives reduced forage intake in sheep; in order of increasing avoidance: RDX

2011-01-01

88

IBM-2 calculation of band mixing in "1"3"2Ba

High-temperature investigations of the rare earth NZP phosphates R {sub 1/3}Zr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} (R = La, Nd, Eu, Lu) by drop calorimetry

The band crossing in "1"3"2Ba has been investigated by using the interacting boson model. A broken neutron pair has been coupled to a collective boson core. The boson-fermion interaction hamiltonian contains terms which can transform a boson into a pair of quasiparticles and vice versa. The parameters were partly determined by fitting the collective states of "1"3"2","1"3"4Ba and the yrast states of "1"3"1Ba. The energy backbending has been satisfactorily reproduced. Good agreement of the electromagnetic moments has been reached. The structure of the wave functions has been discussed. (author)

1999-12-04

89

The inhibition of mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma from animal cells by intercalating drugs.

The high-temperature enthalpy increments of the phosphates La{sub 1/3}Zr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, Nd{sub 1/3}Zr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, Eu{sub 1/3}Zr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} and Lu{sub 1/3}Zr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} have been measured by high-temperature drop calorimetry in the temperature range 484.5-1090.7 K. From these results the heat capacity of the studied compounds has been derived.

2007-07-31

90

Inhibition of calmodulin - regulated calcium pump activity in rat brain by toxaphene

DNA polymerase gamma from purified nuclei of EMT-6 cells (mice) seems to be identical to the mitochondrial DNA polymerase from the same source following several criteria. These two enzyme activities are strongly inhibited by ethidium bromide and acriflavin, while proflavin, acridine orange, daunomycin and chloroquine inhibition is less pronounced. In the case of DNA polymerases alpha and beta very little inhibition by ethidium bromide was observed. Intercalation of this dye in a poly dA-dT 12-18 template-primer was studied spectrophotometrically under conditions similar to those in the in vitro DNA polymerase assay. The polymerase assay. The inhibition by this drug of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma activity was shown to be competitive at varying concentrations of TTP while the inhibition was of the non-competitive type at different concentrations of poly dA-dT 12-18. We ...

1978-06-01

91

Inhibition of calmodulin - regulated calcium pump activity in rat brain by toxaphene

In vivo effects of toxaphene on calcium pump activity in rat brain synaptosomes was studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with toxaphene at 0,25,50, and 100 mg/kg/day for 3 days and sacrificed 24 h after last dose. Ca/sup 2 +/-ATPase activity and /sup 45/Ca uptake were determined in brain P/sub 2/ fraction. Toxaphene inhibited both Ca/sup 2 +/-ATPase activity and /sup 45/Ca/sup 2 +/ uptake and the inhibition was dose dependent. Both substrate and Ca/sup 2 +/ activation kinetics of Ca/sup 2 +/-ATPase indicated non-competitive type of inhibition as evidenced by decreased catalytic velocity but not enzyme-substrate affinity. The inhibited Ca/sup 2 +/-ATPase activity and Ca/sup 2 +/ uptake were restored to normal level by exogenously added calmodulin which increased both velocity and affinity. The inhibition of Ca/sup 2 +/-ATPase activity and Ca/sup 2 +/ uptake and restoration by ...

1986-03-05

92

The use of water-soluble hydrazones as inhibitors for the corrosion of C-steel in acidic medium

In vivo effects of toxaphene on calcium pump activity in rat brain synaptosomes was studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with toxaphene at 0,25,50, and 100 mg/kg/day for 3 days and sacrificed 24 h after last dose. Ca"2"+-ATPase activity and "4"5Ca uptake were determined in brain P_2 fraction. Toxaphene inhibited both Ca"2"+-ATPase activity and "4"5Ca"2"+ uptake and the inhibition was dose dependent. Both substrate and Ca"2"+ activation kinetics of Ca"2"+-ATPase indicated non-competitive type of inhibition as evidenced by decreased catalytic velocity but not enzyme-substrate affinity. The inhibited Ca"2"+-ATPase activity and Ca"2"+ uptake were restored to normal level by exogenously added calmodulin which increased both velocity and affinity. The inhibition of Ca"2"+-ATPase activity and Ca"2"+ uptake and restoration by calmodulin suggests that toxaphene may impair active ...

1986-04-13

93

Botulinum toxin—Beyond wrinkles

Inhibition efficiency of some water-soluble hydrazones for C-steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid has been tested by weight loss, polarisation measurements and open circuit technique. The inhibition effect was attributed to the adsorption of the additives on the C-steel surface as supported by adsorption measurements at Pt electrode using cyclic voltammetry. Electrochemical measurements indicated that all the additives behave as cathodic-type inhibitors. The data obtained fit well to both the Temkin adsorption isotherm and the kinetic-thermodynamic model. The inhibition behaviour and its order were explained with the help of the proposed skeletal representation.

2007-09-15

94

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Botulinum neurotoxin is produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum. The neurotoxin inhibits acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, thus interfering with overall muscular contraction. Botulinum neurotoxin is commonly used for the following medical conditions: cervical dystonia, upper limb spasticity, blepharospasm, strabismus, and hyperhydrosis. However, the use of botulinum neurotoxin was recently approved for the prophylaxis of headaches in adults with chronic migraines. The proposed mechanism of botulinum neurotoxin is no longer solely limited to the inhibition of acetylcholine. There are new mechanisms emerging that involve inhibition of proinflammatory agents and neuropeptides involved in chronic pain. Consequently, there is a disruption of the overall sensory feedback loop...

2011-01-01

95

Unraveling mechanisms of homeostatic synaptic plasticity

The interaction of trazodone with rat brain muscarinic cholinoceptors.

SUMMARYHomeostatic synaptic plasticity is a negative feedback mechanism neurons use to offset excessive excitation or inhibition by adjusting their synaptic strengths. Recent...Full Text Available

2010-05-13

96

Synergistic effect of iodide ion and polyacrylic acid on corrosion inhibition of iron in H2SO4 investigated by electrochemical techniques

The muscarinic receptor binding of trazodone, a new nontricyclic antidepressant, was compared with established tricyclic antidepressants. The ability to inhibit the binding of [3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate...Full Text Available

1980-01-01

97

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Corrosion inhibition of iron in H2SO4 by polyacrylic acid (PAA) was investigated using electrochemical techniques at 30degreeC. Results obtained indicate that PAA inhibited the corrosion of iron in the acid medium. Inhibition efficiency increases with increase in PAA concentration and synergistically enhanced on addition of iodide ions. Potentiodynamic polarization results suggest that PAA functions as a modest cathodic inhibitor. The adsorption of PAA onto the iron surface followed Temkin adsorption isotherm. FTIR analysis revealed that the synergistic effect due to co-adsorption of iodide ions and PAA is co-operative in nature.

2010-01-01

98

Standard of mineralocorticoid secretion in the Cushing Syndrome: evidences of inhibition of the aldosterone path synthesis in the glomerulus zone

Regulatory T cells in human disease and their potential for therapeutic manipulation

Portuguese 1984. p. 146. Brazil Czepielewski, MA Kater, CE Biglieri, EG Escola

1984-10-27

99

Quercetin-induced downregulation of phospholipase D1 inhibits proliferation and invasion in U87 glioma cells

Regulatory T cells are proposed to play a central role in the maintenance of immunological tolerance in the periphery, and studies in many animal models demonstrate their capacity to inhibit inflammatory...Full Text Available

2006-05-01

100

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Phospholipase D (PLD) has been recognized as a regulator of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis, but little is known about the molecules regulating PLD expression. Thus, the identification of small molecules inhibiting PLD expression would be an important advance in PLD-mediated physiology. Quercetin, a ubiquitous bioactive flavonoid, is known to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. In the present study, we examined the effect of quercetin on the expression of PLD in U87 glioma cells. Quercetin significantly suppressed the expression of PLD1 at the transcriptional level. Moreover, quercetin abolished the protein expression of PLD1 in a time and dose-dependent manner, as well as inhibited PLD activity. Quercetin suppressed NFkB-induced PLD1 expression vi...

2011-01-01

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101

Plasminogen Binding and Activation at the Surface of Helicobacter pylori CCUG 17874

Mathematical analysis of inhibition effect of natural products in labelling of blood elements: preliminary studies; Analise matematica do efeito de produtos naturais na marcacao de elementos sanguineos: estudos preliminares

The binding of iodine-labelled plasminogen to Helicobacter pylori CCUG 17874 was characterized. Inhibition of the binding was observed after preincubation of H. pylori...Full Text Available

1998-10-01

102

Inhibition of Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis by Nalidixic Acid in Escherichia coli

No abstract prepared.

1998-07-01

103

Influence of self-doped poly(aniline-co-4-amino-3-hydroxy-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) on corrosion inhibition behaviour of iron in acidic medium

The effect of low concentrations of nalidixic acid on ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis in Escherichia coli was examined. It was observed that RNA synthesis in exponentially growing...Full Text Available

1974-10-01

104

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper presents the corrosion inhibition performance of soluble self-doped copolymers of aniline and 4-amino-3-hydroxy-naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method. The corrosion inhibition behaviour of the copolymers in 1.0M HCl has been evaluated using Tafel Extrapolation method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) which was also used to propose the mechanism besides surface morphology. The results showed that the copolymer film exhibited the significant shifting in the corrosion potential and greater charge transfer resistance. The corrosion inhibition efficiency was found to increase from 50% to 90% by increasing the concentration of copolymer from 10 to 70mg/l in HCl medium. Moreover, the copolymer showed the larger degree of surf...

2011-01-01

105

FLUOROMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF OXIDATIVE BURST IN LOBSTER HEMOCYTES AND INHIBITING EFFECT OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND ...

Enzymatic and pharmacological activities of Micrurus (coral) snake venoms. I-neurotoxicity and inhibition of 3H-L-glutamate uptake induced by M. lemniscatus carvalhoi venom

... Hunter. 2003. The resistance to ammonia stress of Penaeus monodon Fabricius juveniles fed diets supplemented with astaxanthin. J. Exp. ... ...

106

Effect of different nitroheterocyclic compounds on aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic bacteria.

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-01

107

DNA synthesis inhibition in mammalian cells as a test for mutagenic carcinogens

The antibacterial activities of different nitroheterocyclic compounds were assessed by an agar dilution method against aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic bacteria. Nitronaphthofurans inhibited...Full Text Available

1986-11-01

108

Analysis of Mammalian Carboxylesterase Inhibition by Trifluoromethylketone-Containing Compounds

Current models of DNA repair of biological damage are reviewed correlating the similarity between carcinogenesis and mutagenesis theories. (PCS)

1979-01-01

109

Use of carbon stable isotope to investigate chloromethane formation in the electrolytic dechlorination of trichloroethylene

Carboxylesterases (CE) are ubiquitous enzymes that hydrolyze numerous ester-containing xenobiotics, including complex molecules, such as the anticancer drugs irinotecan (CPT-11) and capecitabine...Full Text Available

2007-03-01

110

Part IV. Radioactivity in plants

Carbon stable isotope trichloroethylene ("1"3C TCE) was used to investigate the formation of chloromethane (CM) during the electrolytic dechlorination of trichloroethylene (TCE) at a granular-graphite packed cathode. A method was developed to use a conventional GC/MS to analyze and quantify regular and "1"3C TCE and their dechlorination products. The concentration of a "1"3C compound can be calculated, based on the concentration of its regular counterpart, from the response ratio of two fragments of different mass per charge values from the compounds in a sample and two characteristic MS spectrum ratios: one is the response ratio of the two fragments of the regular compound, and the other is the response ratio of the corresponding fragments of the regular and "1"3C compounds at the same concentrations. The method was used to analyze the regular and "1"3C compounds observed in an ...

2007-03-22

111

Lifetime in "1"8"1Ir and "1"8"7Au: enhanced deformation of the #pi#i _1_3_/_2 intruder orbital

The results are presented of a study in radioactivity of forage (grass, alfalfa, clover), cereals (wheat, oats, rye, barley) and different agriculture products (fodder beet, sugar beet, leguminous plants, poppy, tobacco, maize, potatoes). Total beta activity, "4"0K, "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs activities were studied for the period 1962 to 1975 in selected localities in Slovakia. The highest values of "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs were measured in 1963, the lowest levels of "9"0Sr in 1975 while the lowest levels of "1"3"7Cs in 1973. (B.S.).

112

Transforming growth factor-? signaling mediates hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial remodeling and inhibition of alveolar development in newborn mouse lung

Lifetimes have been measured in the #pi#h_9_/_2 (yrast) and #pi#i_1_3_/_2 (excited) bands in the nuclei "1"8"1Ir and "1"8"7Au using the Recoil Distance Method (RDM). The results clearly indicate that the #pi#i_1_3_/_2 band exhibits an increased deformation over the #pi#h_9_/_2 band, in keeping with the premise that the delayed crossing in this band is due to enhanced quadrupole deformation. (author). 3 refs, 1 fig, 2 tab.

1994-09-05

113

The inhibition of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) dehydrochlorinase and gluthathione S-aryltransferase in grass-grub and housefly preparations

Hypoxia causes abnormal neonatal pulmonary artery remodeling (PAR) and inhibition of alveolar development (IAD). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is an important regulator of lung development...Full Text Available

2008-07-01

114

The effects of diphenyleneiodonium on mitochondrial reactions. Relation of binding of diphenylene[125I]iodonium to mitochondria to the extent of inhibition of oxygen uptake.

The inhibition of DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] dehydrochlorinase and glutathione S-aryltransferase by diphenylmethane and triphenylmethane...Full Text Available

1970-05-01

115

Power transmitting fluids containing esters of hydrocarbyl succinic acid or anhydride with thio-bis-alkanols

1. Several ring-substituted derivatives of diphenyleneiodonium catalyse the exchange of Cl- and OH- ions across the inner membrane of rat liver mitochondria. They also inhibit state 3 and state 3u oxidations...Full Text Available

1976-08-15

116

Oxygen Inhibition of Nitrate Reductase Biosynthesis in Detached Corn Leaves via Inhibition of Total Soluble Protein Synthesis ¹

Mineral oil based power transmitting fluids, such as automatic transmission fluids, are disclosed which contain 0.05 to 2.0 weight percent of an ester of a thio-bis alkanol and a C/sub 12/-C/sub 50/ hydrocarbon succinic acid or anhydride, the ester being a multifunctional additive providing the properties of friction modification, corrosion inhibition, anti-wear, oxidation inhibition and extreme pressure properties to the fluids.

1987-10-27

117

N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) Inhibits Intravenous Cocaine Self-Administration and Cocaine-Enhanced Brain-Stimulation Reward in Rats

Detached first leaves of 3-day-old corn seedlings (Zea mays L. W64AxW183E) were incubated with nitrate in air or 100% O₂ in the light. Nitrate accumulation in the leaves...Full Text Available

1989-11-01

118

Low-Concentration Kinetics of Atmospheric CH₄ Oxidation in Soil and Mechanism of NH₄⁺ Inhibition

Pharmacological activation of group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu2 and mGlu3) receptors inhibits reward-seeking behavior and/or rewarding efficacy induced by drugs (cocaine, nicotine) or natural...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

119

K Depletion Enhances the Extracellular Ca²+-Induced Inhibition of the Apical K Channels in the Mtal of Rat Kidney

NH₄⁺ inhibition kinetics for CH₄ oxidation were examined at near-atmospheric CH₄ concentrations in three upland forest soils. Whether NH₄⁺-independent...Full Text Available

1998-11-01

120

Interaction of N-methyl-2-alkenyl-4-quinolones with ATP-dependent MurE ligase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: antibacterial activity, molecular docking and inhibition kinetics

We have shown previously that raising extracellular Ca²+ inhibited the apical 70-pS K channel in the thick ascending limb (TAL; Wang, W.H., M. Lu, and S.C. Hebert. 1996. Am....Full Text Available

2002-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

121

Increased Endogenous Abscisic Acid Maintains Primary Root Growth and Inhibits Shoot Growth of Maize Seedlings at Low Water Potentials ¹

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the antibacterial activity and MurE inhibition of a set of N-methyl-2-alkenyl-4-quinolones found...Full Text Available

2011-08-01

122

Effect of WC particle size on grain growth inhibition in the WC-xVC-Co system

Roots of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings continue to grow at low water potentials that cause complete inhibition of shoot growth. In this study, we have investigated the role of abscisic...Full Text Available

1990-08-01

123

Corrosion inhibited alcohol motor fuel

The effect of WC particle size with the addition of VC as a grain growth inhibitor was investigated during the liquid phase sintering of WC-Co system. With increasing WC particle size at the same VC content, the effect of grain growth inhibition was increased. Also, with increasing the VC content, the grain shape of WC was changed from the faceted shape to the distorted shape, and the step density of the WC grain was increased. (orig.)

2003-07-01

124

Use of "1"3 C in solid state NMR for characterization of commercial thermoplastic polyurethanes

The addition of 0.0005-0.5 weight% linoleic acid trimer to synthetic motor fuels composed of 95.0-99.8% technical-grade alcohol (EtOH or MeOH) and 0.2-5.0% water inhibits the corrosion induced by the impurities, such as aliphatic acids 0.5-10.0, aliphatic aldehydes 0.5-10.0, and aliphatic esters 0.5-10 mg/100 ml alcohol.

1981-08-25

125

Topological investigations of molecular interactions in mixtures containing alkanols: molar excess volumes and molar excess enthalpies

Portuguese 2000 p. 117-118 Brazil Monteiro, Elisabeth EC Tavares,

2000-08-02

126

The influence of temperature in the "1"3C chemical shifts at the carbonyl region of poly(vinyl acetate)

Molar excess volumes, VE and molar excess enthalpies, HE of 1,3-dioxolane (D) (i) + propan-1-ol, 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-1-ol and 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-2-ol (j) binary mixtures have been measured as a function of composition at 308.15 K. The analysis of VE data by graph, theoretical approach reveals that while propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol exist as associated entities in the pure state; 1,3-dioxolane and butanol exist as monomers in their pure state. These (i+j) binary mixtures are characterized by interactions between ethereal oxygen atom of D(i) and hydrogen atom of alkanols. The IR studies lend additional support to the proposed structure of molecular entitles in these mixtures. The energetics of the mixtures have also been studied.

2004-04-08

127

Effects of polyvinylpyrrolidinone addition on thermoplastic polymers by using solid state "1"3 C NMR

... Inst. de Quimica. Dept. de Quimica Organica Miguez, Eduardo Tavares, Maria

2003-05-05

128

Court Issues Stipulated Injunction Regarding Pesticides and the...

Portuguese 1998 p. 47 Brazil Silva, Edemilson P. Universidade Federal,

1998-08-13

129

Concentrations of 239+240 Pu and 137 Cs in seawater near Wolsung nuclear power plant

Naled Strychnine Carbaryl Hexazinone Norflurazon Telone (1,3-dichlorpropene) Chloropicrin Imazapyr Oryzalin Thiobencarb Chlorothalonil Iprodione Oxamyl Triclopyr...

2011-02-16

130

AIAA 98-3403 Evaluation of Propulsion Options for Interstellar ...

Concentrations of "2"3"9"+"2"4"0 Pu and "1"3"7 Cs were measured for vertical direction and horizontal direction in seawater collected at 21 locations on the 8 directions near Wolsung nuclear power plant. The inventories of "2"3"9"+"2"4"0 Pu and "1"3"7 Cs were calculated in seawater column. The concentrations of "2"3"9"+"2"4"0 Pu and "1"3"7 Cs were in seawater in the range of 8-36 #mu#Bq/L, 2.4-4.5 mBq/L, respectively. The "2"3"9"+"2"4"0 Pu concentration increased with depth, however, the "1"3"7 Cs concentrations not greatly changed with depth above thermocline.

2002-05-01

131

BOOKMARKS:

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2. 1.3. 1.4. ...2.1. 2.2 . 2.3. ...2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 2.7.Global air temperature change Natural disasters linked to climate

132

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133

A study on the distribution of "1"3"7Cs in coastal waters of Tarapur from different nuclear facilities

require a major space-based infrastructure consisting of ..... gas (5 ppm of the He, 1.3 kg/year) or from weapons (15 kg/year). Because of the difficulty of ...

134

A PC-Based Imaging System for the Naval Postgraduate ...

A study on the distribution of "1"3"7Cs in coastal waters up to a distance of 15 km was undertaken for a decade (1995-2004) and observed that the activity has reduced by 15-20 fold. Statistical and trend analysis was carried out to resolve the contribution of different facilities at a distance of 5 km (north and south) from the discharge point by log normal probability analysis and found that at 5 km south, the median value of "1"3"7Cs due to TAPS and FRP discharges were 3.7 mBq/l and 1.50 mBq/l respectively. The observed levels of "1"3"7Cs are of no consequences from the point of view of dose to members of the public. (author)

2005-11-23

135

T-2 mycotoxin inhibits mitochondrial protein synthesis

... 1 I3a TYPE OF REPORT 1 3b TIME COVERED ... Measured by this standard the system provides good results; it ... did not fully meet all the standards or ...

1989-09-01

136

Sertoli cells in culture secrete paracrine factor(s) that inhibit peritubular myoid cell proliferation: identification of heparinoids as likely candidates

The authors investigated the effect of T-2 toxin on rat liver mitochondrial protein synthesis. Isolated rat liver mitochondria were supplemented with an S-100 supernatant from rat liver and an external ATP-generating system. An in-vitro assay employing cycloheximide, and inhibitor of cytoplasmic protein synthesis, and chloramphenicol, and inhibitor of mitochondrial protein synthesis, to distinguish mitochondrial protein synthesis from the cytoplasmic process. Amino acid incorporation into mitochondria was dependent on the concentration of mitochondria and was inhibited by chloramphenicol. The rate of uptake of tritium leucine into mitochondrial protein was unaffected by the addition of T-2 toxin and was not a rate-limiting step in incorporation. However, 0.02 micrograms/ml of T-2 toxin decreased the rate of protein synthesis inhibition correlated with the amount of T-2 toxin taken up by the mitochondria. While T-2 toxin is known to ...

1988-01-01

137

Probiotics inhibit enteropathogenic E. coli adherence in vitro by inducing intestinal mucin gene expression.

Conditioned medium from Sertoli cells, prepared from testes of 20-day-old rats, contains component(s) that inhibit the incorporation of (3H)-thymidine into DNA of peritubular myoid cells (PMC) and inhibit the proliferation of PMC. These components are trypsin-resistant, heat-stable compounds having a molecular weight less than 30,000. The active inhibitory components in Sertoli cell conditioned medium are inactivated by treatment with heparinase, but not by treatment with hyaluronidase or chondroitin sulfate lyases. Addition of heparin or heparan sulfate results in inhibition of DNA synthesis by PMC in a dose-dependent manner, whereas other glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) examined (hyaluronic acid, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate) have no detectable effects. Heparin and heparan sulfate are unique among GAGs tested in inhibiting the characteristic multilayer growth pattern of PMC following the ...

1991-06-01

138

Oxidation inhibition of sulfite in dual alkali flue gas desulfurization system.

Probiotic agents, live microorganisms with beneficial effects for the host, may offer an alternative to conventional antimicrobials in the treatment and prevention of enteric infections. The probiotic agents Lactobacillus plantarum 299v and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG quantitatively inhibited the adherence of an attaching and effacing pathogenic Escherichia coli to HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells but did not inhibit adherence to nonintestinal HEp-2 cells. HT-29 cells were grown under conditions that induced high levels of either MUC2 or MUC3 mRNA, but HEp-2 cells expressed only minimal levels of MUC2 and no MUC3 mRNA. Media enriched for MUC2 and MUC3 mucin were added exogenously to binding assays and were shown to be capable of inhibiting enteropathogen adherence to HEp-2 cells. Incubation of L. plantarum 299v with HT-29 cells increased MUC2 and MUC3 mRNA expression levels. From these in vitro studies, we propose the ...

1999-04-01

139

Sulfur dioxide adsorption from exhaust gases by adsorbents based on 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine

A laboratory-scale well-mixed thermostatic reactor with continuously blasting air was used to investigate the oxidation inhibition of sulfite in dual alkali flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system. The effects of operating parameters such as pH value and catalyst concentration on the oxidation were studied. Sodium thiosulfate was used in the system, and was found that it significantly inhabited the sulfite oxidation. In the absence of catalyst, sodium thiosulfate at 12.67 mmol/L had an inhibition efficiency of approximately 98%. While in the presence of catalyst, sodium thiosulfate at 26.72 mmol/L had an inhibition efficiency less than 85.0%. The oxidation reaction order of sulfite in the sodium thiosulfate was determined to be -1.90 and -0.55 in the absence and presence of the catalyst, respectively. Apparent activation energy of oxidation inhibition was calculated to be 53.9 kJ/mol. Pilot tests showed ...

2007-01-01

140

Study of the mode of action and site-specificity of the endo-(1----4)-beta-D-glucanases of the fungus Penicillium pinophilum with normal, 1-3H-labelled, reduced and chromogenic cello-oligosaccharides.

The equilibrium dynamic capacity of polymer materials based on 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine has been determined. The possibility of their application as absorbents of sulfur dioxide from exhaust gases has been shown.

1995-05-10

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141

Scintigraphic demonstration of amebic liver abscesses with "1"3"1iodine labeled bromometronidazole

The modes of action of the five major endo-(1----4)-beta-D-glucanases (I, II, III, IV and V) purified from Penicillium pinophilum cellulase were compared by h.p.l.c. analysis, with normal, 1-3H-labelled...Full Text Available

1990-03-01

142

Reactions of carbon acids and 1,3-dipoles in the presence of ionic liquids

This case report demonstrates an hepatic amebic abscess by scintigrapy, utilizing a new radiopharmaceutical designed specifically for that purpose. The abscess is delineated as a positive lesion after twenty four hours. The agent, "1"3"1I-labeled bromometronidazole, may prove to be specific for the diagnosis of these abscesses. (orig.).

143

Radioiodine dosimetry and prediction of consequences of thyroid exposure of the Russian population following the Chernobyl accident

The review is devoted to the use of ionic liquids as solvents, immobilized organocatalysts and reagents in reactions involving carbon acids and 1,3-dipoles, which are widely used to prepare practically valuable organic compounds of various classes. The characteristic features of processes in the presence of ionic liquids, the effects of the structure of cations and anions on the regio-, stereo- and enantioselectivities of reactions and methods of recovery of ionic liquids are considered.

2010-09-14

144

Measurement of radon emanation rates using activated charcoal

In the early period after the Chernobyl accident, analysis of patterns of "1"3"1I exposure of the human thyroid showed that contaminated milk was the basic source of "1"3"1I intake among the inhabitants of Russia. The equipment and techniques used for measurement of the "1"3"1I content in the thyroids of these individuals are described in this work. A model of the "1"3"1I intake, taking into account protective actions, and a method of thyroid dose calculation are discussed. The mean thyroid dose and frequency distributions of the thyroid doses to inhabitants of towns and villages of the Bryansk, Tula and Orel regions of Russia are presented. The mean dose to the thyroids of children living in the villages was 2 to 5 times higher than the dose to adult thyroids; for children living in the towns, the mean dose was 1.5 to 12 times higher. The mean thyroid mass in adult inhabitants of the Bryansk region was ...

145

Measurement of radiative, Auger, and nonradiative currents in 1. 3-. mu. m InGaAsP buried heterostructure lasers

The use of charcoal canisters in the measurement of radon emanation rates from surfaces is discussed. The counting efficiency of the canisters is dependent upon the volume of activated charcoal used, varying from approximately 0.7% for a full canister to 1.3% for a canister filled to only 1/3 of its capacity. The inclusion of Si-Gel desiccant reduces the radon collection efficiency of the canister.

1983-07-01

146

Use of Hanford waste water ponds by waterfowl

Frequency response measurements are used to determine the carrier lifetime of 1.3-..mu..m InGaAsP buried heterostructure lasers between 1 mA and threshold. The data confirm previous results on the radiative and Auger recombination coefficients and reveal the presence of a nonradiative current which dominates at low currents and contributes 4 mA at threshold.

1987-02-09

147

Maximum overhang

CERN Document Server

How far can a stack of $n$ identical blocks be made to hang over the edge of a table? The question dates back to at least the middle of the 19th century and the answer to it was widely believed to be of order $\\log n$. Recently, Paterson and Zwick constructed $n$-block stacks with overhangs of order $n^{1/3}$, exponentially better than previously thought possible. We show here that order $n^{1/3}$ is indeed best possible, resolving the long-standing overhang problem up to a constant factor.

2007-01-01

148

The effect of potassium nutrition on "1"3"7Cs uptake in two upland species

Census and environmental surveillance information on waterfowl that use the Hanford Site 200 Area waste water ponds are described and evaluated. Physical features of the ponds are discussed in relation to their use and suitability for waterfowl. Seasonal distributions observed for the years 1971 through 1974 indicate that the highest use by waterfowl occurs during the spring and fall migratory periods. Base population estimates are 300 to 400 resident waterfowl with a few tens of pairs nesting during the summer. Environmental surveillance data on "1"3"7Cs in muscle tissue are presented for the years 1971 through 1977. Comparisons are made between Columbia River and waste water pond waterfowl, between waterfowl groups, and among ponds. Waterfowl collected from ponds frequently have easily detected levels of "1"3"7Cs in muscle tissue. However, those waterfowl collected from the Columbia River seldom show a "1"3"7Cs level ...

1979-05-01

149

Radioactivity of people in Finland after the Chernobyl accident in 1986

Agrostis capillaris (Agrostis) and Calluna vulgaris (Calluna), two species with differing phenologies and widespread presence in upland areas of Britain where high Chernobyl fallout occurred, were grown in pot culture with varying concentrations of potassium in the rooting medium. Tissue content of potassium increased with increasing supply in both species. Roots, excised from these plants, were placed in a solution of "1"3"7Cs-labelled caesium chloride for 15 min to determine uptake potential. There were clear negative relationships between the rate of uptake of "1"3"7Cs by both species and (a) the concentration of potassium supplied and (b) plant issue potassium concentrations. With Agrotis, there was an approximately ten-fold difference in "1"3"7Cs uptake between potassium-deficient and optimum plants; with Calluna, it was approximately eight-fold. These results demonstrate the suppression of ...

150

The antimicrobial efficacy of a silver alginate dressing against a broad spectrum of clinically relevant wound isolates

After the reactor accident at Chernobyl on April 26, 1986 radioactive fallout was carried by air currents to most parts of Europe. The radioactive air currents reached Finland on April 27. Immediately after the arrival of such air in Finland, contamination of people by radioactive nuclides began via inhalation of this air. The ingestion route become important later, when radionuclides were transported via different foodchains to man. To determine the level of radionuclides in the body and to estimate the internal radiation doses caused by the Chernobyl accident, whole-body counting measurements were performed. The results of whole-body counting of six different groups of Finnish people measured during 1986 after the accident at Chernobyl are reported. Three were reference groups measured routinely once or twice annually, two groups were comprised of workers at nuclear power stations and one group consisted of 262 persons not belonging to any other group. The total number of whole-body ...

2004-02-01

151

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Wound dressings impregnated with silver have a role to play in aiding to reduce both the dressing and wound microbial bioburden. It is therefore imperative that antimicrobial wound dressings have efficacy on a broad range of clinical significant microorganisms. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of a silver alginate dressing against 115 wound isolates that had been isolated routinely from patients at West Virginia University Hospital. Standardised corrected zones of inhibition (CZOIs) were performed on all clinical isolates. It was found that the silver alginate dressing was able to inhibit the growth of all microorganisms tested. In particular, the silver alginate dressing inhibited the growth of Candida albicans and yeasts with CZOI of 3-115 mm. All met...

2011-01-01

152

Study of phosphonate addition and hydrodynamic conditions on ordinary steel corrosion inhibition in simulated cooling water

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of phosphonate anion (PHOS) on the corrosion of ordinary steel in simulated cooling water has been studied using weight loss, polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. PHOS was studied in the concentration range from 7.5x10^-^5 to 10^-^3M. The results obtained reveal that PHOS perform excellently as corrosion inhibitor for ordinary steel in simulated cooling water. The inhibition efficiency of PHOS was increased with increasing both its concentration and water circulation velocity. These two factors seem to promote the adsorption of phosphorus and oxygen ions on the metal surface, leading to the formation of a protective layer with a greater charge transfer resistance and lower permeability. The inhibition efficiency decreased slightly with tem...

2010-01-01

153

Sodium monocarboxylates as inhibitors of AZ31 alloy corrosion in a synthetic cooling water

On synergism in inhibition of liquidphase oxidation of styrene and tetralin by organic phosphites and transition eleement acetylacetonates

This research investigated the inhibiting effects that sodium salts of linear monocarboxylic acids displayed towards the corrosion process of AZ31 Mg alloy in ASTM D 1387 saline solution (a synthetic industrial cooling water). The length of the aliphatic chain of the acids ranged between 7 and 15 carbon atoms. The inhibiting action of these salts can be related to the precipitation of an insoluble magnesium salt, which mainly affected the anodic reaction. The aliphatic chain length controlled the anion solubility and the reaction rate of magnesium carboxylate formation. For all the salts, an optimum concentration was experienced: 10{sup -2} M for sodium decanoate (caprate), 10{sup -3} M for sodium dodecanoate (laurate), 10{sup -4} M for sodium tetradecanoate (myristate); when this concentration was exceeded, a diminution (even a disappearance) in the inhibiting action was found. (Abstract Copyright [2009], Wiley ...

2009-03-15

154

Inhibitory activity of Pseudomonas sp. on Flavobacterium psychrophilum, in vitro

Synergism has been observed during inhibiting initiated oxidation of styrene or tetralin by organic phosphites in the presence of complex compounds of some transition metals. The results are given of non-additive intensification of antioxidative activity of triphenylphosphite (TPP) and tri-(4-methyl-6-tert.-- butyl)-phenyl-phosphite (TMBP) in the process of initiated oxidation of styrene or tetralin with addition of acetylacetonates of cobalt and vanadyl. During styrene oxidation, inhibition of the reaction with chelate complex of vanadyl is weakened considerably when phosphite is added into the reaction system. During tetralin oxidation, postcatalytic (or branched) oxidation is observed only for large concentration of vanadyl complex. Addition of TPP to above complex sharply increases the induction period. When the induction period is completed, oxidation of tetralin follows the mechanism of usual, i.e. initiated, reaction.

155

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A Pseudomonas sp. isolate MSB1 efficiently inhibited the growth of Flavobacterium psychrophilum of different serotypes on agar medium. A significant difference in the inhibition was observed between isolates of the less virulent FpT serotype compared to the Fd and Th serotypes. In broth coculture experiments, a low number of cells of MSB1 inhibited and outcompeted the F.psychrophilum cells. Also cell-free culture supernatant of MSB1 clearly repressed the growth of F.psychrophilum. A chromoazurol S assay suggested that MSB1 produced efficient siderophores, which most probably were responsible for the iron deficiency in the supernatant. The limited growth of F.psychrophilum in the supernatant was found to be partly because of the lack of available iron, but the results also indicate...

2011-01-01

156

Inhibition of prepenetration processes of the powdery mildew Golovinomyces orontii on host inflorescence stems is reduced in the Arabidopsis cuticular mutant cer3 but not in cer1

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The obligate biotrophic fungus Golovinomyces orontii causes powdery mildew (PM) disease on its host Arabidopsis thaliana. Most research on the G. orontii?Arabidopsis pathosystem uses rosette leaves as experimental materials, so little is known about the behavior of G. orontii on other Arabidopsis organs. We thus conducted microscopic analyses of the PM infection process on leaves, stems, fruits and roots of Arabidopsis. Adaxial and abaxial surfaces of mature rosette leaves supported G. orontii infection, but growth was somewhat suppressed on cauline leaves. Prepenetration processes (germination and appressorium formation) were strongly inhibited on stems, fruits and roots. To test the effect of alterations in the Arabidopsis cuticle on the inhibition of prepenetration processes on stems, w...

2011-01-01

157

In vitro atrazine-exposure inhibits human natural killer cell lytic granule release

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The herbicide atrazine is a known immunotoxicant and an inhibitor of human natural killer (NK) cell lytic function. The precise changes in NK cell lytic function following atrazine exposure have not been fully elucidated. The current study identifies the point at which atrazine exerts its affect on the stepwise process of human NK cell-mediated lyses of the K562 target cell line. Using intracellular staining of human peripheral blood lymphocytes, it was determined that a 24-h in vitro exposure to atrazine did not decrease the level of NK cell lytic proteins granzyme A, granzyme B or perforin. Thus, it was hypothesized that atrazine exposure was inhibiting the ability of the NK cells to bind to the target cell and subsequently inhibit the release of lytic protein from the NK cell. To test t...

2007-01-01

158

Genomic survey of prepulse inhibition in mouse chromosome substitution strains

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is a measure of sensorimotor gating, a pre-attentional inhibitory brain mechanism that filters extraneous stimuli. Prepulse inhibition is correlated with measures of cognition and executive functioning, and is considered an endophenotype of schizophrenia and other psychiatric illnesses in which patients show PPI impairments. As a first step toward identifying genes that regulate PPI, we performed a quantitative trait locus (QTL) screen of PPI phenotypes in a panel of mouse chromosome substitution strains (CSSs). We identified five CSSs with altered PPI compared with the host C57BL/6J strain: CSS-4 exhibited decreased PPI, whereas CSS-10, -11, -16 and -Y exhibited higher PPI compared with C57BL/6J. These data indicate that A/J chromosomes 4, 10, 11, 16 and Y harbor...

2009-01-01

159

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by alkylimidazolium ionic liquids in hydrochloric acid

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1M HCl by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chlorides (BMIC) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4) has been investigated using electrochemical impedance, potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss measurements. Potentiodynamic polarization studies indicate the studied inhibitors are mixed type inhibitors. For both inhibitors, the inhibition efficiency increased with increase in the concentration of the inhibitor and the effectiveness of the two inhibitors are in the order [BMIM]HSO4>BMIC. The adsorption of the inhibitors on mild steel surface obeyed the Langmuirs adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior in the presence of 5x10-3M of inhibitors was studied in the temperature range of 3...

2009-01-01

160

Corrosion and scale processes and their inhibition in simulated cooling water systems by monosaccharides derivatives

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A study of the ordinary mild steel/cooling water interface, with and without inhibitor, was carried out using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). EIS spectra in uninhibited medium reveal that a layer of corrosion and scale products is formed naturally and evolves with the immersion time. Monosaccharides derivatives were used as corrosion inhibitors. Most of them exhibit good behaviour against corrosion of ordinary steel in simulated water systems. Their inhibiting efficiency increases with concentration rise and depends on molecular structure especially -OH groups' position on two adjacent carbons and their number. In addition, the effect of MoO4^2^- on the corrosion inhibition in the presence of the best inhibitor was also studied by EIS. The addition of MoO4^2^- enhanced the in...

2009-01-01

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161

Vascular filtration function in galactose-fed versus diabetic rats: The role of polyol pathway activity

Validation of immune function testing during a 4-week oral toxicity study with FK506.

These studies were undertaken to assess the effects of increased galactose (v increased glucose) metabolism via the polyol pathway on vascular filtration function in the kidneys, eyes, nerves, and aorta. Quantitative radiolabeled tracer techniques were used to assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and regional tissue vascular clearance of plasma 131I-bovine serum albumin (BSA) in five groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats: nondiabetic controls, streptozotocin-diabetic rats, nondiabetic rats fed a 50% galactose diet, diabetic rats treated with sorbinil (an aldose reductase inhibitor), and galactose-fed rats treated with sorbinil. Sorbinil was added to the diet to provide a daily dose of approximately .2 mmol/kg body weight. After 2 months of diabetes or galactose ingestion, albumin clearance was increased twofold to fourfold in the eye (anterior uvea, choroid, and retina), sciatic nerve, aorta, and kidney; GFR was increased approximately twofold and urinary excretion of endogenous ...

1990-07-01

162

Reduced "9"9"mTc labelled NCA-95/CEA-antibody uptake in liver due to gentle antibody reconstitution

Assessment of the immune system's capability to respond to antigens with the generation of specific antibodies, whilst under the influence of a test article, is required in toxicity tests according to the European guideline for repeated dose toxicity testing of medicinal products. The purpose of this study in rats was to validate methodology for the determination of Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin (KLH)-specific antibodies under the influence of an immunologically active compound. The immunosuppressant FK506, commercially available as Prograf, was administered orally (gavage) to five rats per sex per group at dosages of 0.5mg/kg per day or 3mg/kg per day, for a period of 4 weeks. On days 14 and 22, KLH was administered subcutaneously, with an adjuvant (AluGel), to the two treated groups and a control (i.e. without FK506 treatment) approximately 1h following administration of FK506. Terminal investigations included haematology parameters, titration of KLH-specific antibodies in serum ...

2004-04-01

163

Experimental parameters differentially affect the humoral response of the cholera-toxin-based murine model of food allergy

The influence of reconstituting a murine monoclonal IgG_1 antibody kit with pertechnetate Tc99m on antibody distribution in the liver, spleen and sternal bone marrow of patients was examined. The "9"9"mTc-labelled antibody used is directed against non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA-95) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and has been successfully applied for imaging tissue inflammation and bone marrow scanning. Radioactivity uptake was determined in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and a precordial background region in a consecutive series of 25 patients, examined with an antibody preparation, routinely radiolabelled according to the manufacturer's recommendations and in 14 patients, in whom the antibody was reconstituted with special care, avoiding bubble formation and dropping of buffer into the antibody-containing vial. Gentle compared with routine antibody reconstitution caused a highly significant reduction of the antibody uptake in the liver, as determined ...

164

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Background: Recent studies have developed a murine model of IgE-mediated food allergy based on oral coadministration of antigen and cholera toxin (CT) to establish a maximal response for studying immunopathogenic mechanisms and immunotherapeutic strategies. However, for studying subtle immunomodulating factors or factors effective during response initiation, this maximal response-based model is less suitable due to a lack of sensitivity. Therefore, in attempts to identify essential parameters to fine-tune the immune response towards a submaximal level, potentially more sensitive, we were interested in characterizing the individual effects of the parameters in the CT-based model: CT dose, antigen type and dose, and number of immunizations. Methods: BALB/c mice were orally sensitized weekly for 3 or 7 weeks with graded doses of CT and various food antigens (soy-trypsin inhibitor, ovalbumin or ovomucoid). Antigen-specific lgG1, IgG2a, IgA and IgE were monitored by ...

2003-01-01

165

A single amino acid substitution (R441A) in the receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein disrupts the antigenic structure and binding activity

Triosephosphates Modulate Leaf Mitochondrial Phosphorylation by Inhibition and Uncoupling of Electron Transport ¹

The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has two major functions: interacting with the receptor to mediate virus entry and inducing protective immunity. Coincidently, the receptor-binding domain (RBD, residues 318-510) of SAR-CoV S protein is a major antigenic site to induce neutralizing antibodies. Here, we used RBD-Fc, a fusion protein containing the RBD and human IgG1 Fc, as a model in the studies and found that a single amino acid substitution in the RBD (R441A) could abolish the immunogenicity of RBD to induce neutralizing antibodies in immunized mice and rabbits. With a panel of anti-RBD mAbs as probes, we observed that R441A substitution was able to disrupt the majority of neutralizing epitopes in the RBD, suggesting that this residue is critical for the antigenic structure responsible for inducing protective immune responses. We also demonstrated that the RBD-Fc bearing R441A mutation could not bind to soluble and ...

2006-05-26

166

Transport and deamination of amino acids by a gram-positive, monensin-sensitive ruminal bacterium.

The effect of TP (triosephosphates:glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate, GAP, +dihydroxyacetone phosphate, DHAP) on respiration, phosphorylation and matrix ATP/ADP ratios of isolated oat mesophyll mitochondria...Full Text Available

1985-11-01

167

The inhibition of tumor cell intravasation and subsequent metastasis through the regulation of in vivo tumor cell motility by the tetraspanin CD151

Strain F, a recently isolated ruminal bacterium, grew rapidly with glutamate or glutamine as an energy source in the presence but not the absence of Na. Monensin, a Na+/H+ antiporter, completely inhibited...Full Text Available

1990-07-01

168

The inhibition of staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation by vancomycin-modified titanium alloy and implications for the treatment of periprosthetic infection

SummaryIn vivo tumor cell migration through integrin-dependent pathways is key to the metastatic behavior of malignant cells. Using quantitative in vivo...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

169

The first long-lived mutants: discovery of the insulin/IGF-1 pathway for ageing

Peri-prosthetic infections are notoriously difficult to treat as the biomaterial implant is ideal for bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, resulting in decreased antibiotic sensitivity....Full Text Available

2008-12-01

170

The effects of nicotine, hexamethonium and ethanol on the secretion of the antidiuretic and oxytocic hormones of the rat

Inhibiting insulin/IGF-1 signalling extends lifespan and delays age-related disease in species throughout the animal kingdom. This life-extension pathway, the first to be defined, was discovered through...Full Text Available

2011-01-12

171

The effects of exercise and stress on the survival and maturation of adult-generated granule cells

The actions of nicotine, hexamethonium, and ethanol on the hypothalamo-hypophysial system have been investigated in the rat. The antidiuretic action of nicotine was not inhibited by ethanol, nor by...Full Text Available

1957-12-01

172

The Effect of 5?-Reductase Inhibition With Dutasteride and Finasteride on Bone Mineral Density, Serum Lipoproteins, Hemoglobin, Prostate Specific Antigen and Sexual Function in Healthy Young Men

Stress strongly inhibits proliferation of granule cell precursors in the dentate gyrus, while voluntary running has the opposite effect. Few studies, however, have examined the possible effects...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

173

Tarantula Huwentoxin-IV Inhibits Neuronal Sodium Channels by Binding to Receptor Site 4 and Trapping the Domain II Voltage Sensor in the Closed Configuration*S?

PurposeDutasteride and finasteride are 5α-reductase inhibitors that dramatically decrease serum levels of dihydrotestosterone. Because androgens...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

174

T cell-engaging BiTE antibodies specific for EGFR potently eliminate KRAS- and BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer cells

Peptide toxins with high affinity, divergent pharmacological functions, and isoform-specific selectivity are powerful tools for investigating the structure-function relationships of voltage-gated...Full Text Available

2008-10-03

175

Suppression by IgA of IgG-mediated phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-specific monoclonal antibodies predominantly inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC) growth by interfering with receptor signaling. Recent analyses have shown that patients...Full Text Available

2010-07-13

176

Sucrose Uptake by Sugar Beet Tap Root Tissue ¹

IgA from normal human serum, a myeloma IgA and human colostral IgA were found to inhibit the IgG-dependent phagocytosis of Candida albicans (CA) blastospores by polymorphonuclear leucocytes...Full Text Available

1978-12-01

177

Studies on Inhibition of Intestinal Absorption of Radioactive Strontium

Sucrose uptake by discs of mature sugar beet root tissue incubated in [¹⁴C]-sucrose exhibited nonsaturating kinetics over the concentration range of 1 to 500 millimolar. Uptake was inhibited...Full Text Available

1979-11-01

178

Staphylococcus aureus Aconitase Inactivation Unexpectedly Inhibits Post-Exponential-Phase Growth and Enhances Stationary-Phase Survival

A method is reported which permits selective suppression of absorption of radioactive strontium from ingested food material, permitting the calcium to be available to the body. Studies were carried...Full Text Available

1964-08-08

179

Src Kinase Inhibition Decreases Thrombin Induced Injury and Cell Cycle Re-Entry in Striatal Neurons

Staphylococcus aureus preferentially catabolizes glucose, generating pyruvate, which is subsequently oxidized to acetate under aerobic growth conditions. Catabolite repression of the...Full Text Available

2002-11-01

180

Specificity of the anticollagenase action of tetracyclines: relevance to their anti-inflammatory potential.

Since Src kinase inhibitors decrease brain injury produced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and thrombin is activated following ICH, this study determined whether Src kinase inhibitors decrease...Full Text Available

2008-05-01

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181

Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition reveals novel biological functions of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs)

The concentrations of doxycycline and 4-de-dimethylaminotetracycline required to inhibit 50% of collagenase activity were found to be 15 to 30 microM for human neutrophil and gingival crevicular fluid...Full Text Available

1992-01-01

182

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition: Targeting Multiple Mechanisms of Ischemic Brain Injury with a Single Agent

Early on, intriguing biological activities were found associated with the EETs using in vitro systems. Although the EETs other than the 5,6-isomer, are quite stable chemically,...Full Text Available

2007-01-01

183

Slug down-regulation by RNA interference inhibits invasion growth in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

SummarySoluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a key enzyme in the metabolic conversion and degradation of P450 eicosanoids called epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Genetic variations...Full Text Available

2009-03-01

184

SirT3 suppresses hypoxia inducible factor 1? and tumor growth by inhibiting mitochondrial ROS production

BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. We assessed the relevance of Slug in measuring the invasive...Full Text Available

185

Short Stat5-Interacting Peptide Derived from Phospholipase C-?3 Inhibits Hematopoietic Cell Proliferation and Myeloid Differentiation

It has become increasing clear that alterations in cellular metabolism have a key role in the generation and maintenance of cancer. Some of the metabolic changes can be attributed to the activation...Full Text Available

2011-06-30

186

Senescence Inhibition and Respiration Induced by Growth Retardants and ⁶N-Benzyladenine 1

Constitutive activation of the transcription factor Stat5 in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells leads to various hematopoietic malignancies including myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Our recent study...Full Text Available

187

Ricin inhibition of in vitro protein synthesis by plant ribosomes

Senescence of Grand Rapids leaf lettuce was greatly reduced at 3 storage temperatures by post-harvest treatment with N,N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid (Alar) and 2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride...Full Text Available

1966-09-01

188

Relationships between distribution of lead in erythrocytes in vivo and in vitro and inhibition of ALA-D.

In vitro translation systems were prepared with supernatant factors from wheat germ and 80S ribosomes from wheat germ, barley embryos, watermelon cotyledons, pea cotyledons, and castor...Full Text Available

1982-10-01

189

Reduction of Nitrate and Nitrite in Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Biotypes Resistant and Susceptible to Atrazine Toxicity ¹

Proteins in the ALA-D (delta-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase) fraction from gel filtration of erythrocyte supernatant (ES) have the highest affinity for lead among erythrocyte constituents in vivo...Full Text Available

1982-11-01

190

Reduction in the level of intracellular myo-inositol in cultured soybean (Glycine max) cells inhibits cell division.

The nitrite-reducing activity of the normal susceptible biotype of lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) was strongly inhibited by atrazine in the assay medium, both in the case of the...Full Text Available

1980-05-01

191

Rapamycin inhibits trypanosome cell growth by preventing TOR complex 2 formation

Although myo-inositol is included in media for the successful growth of plant tissues, the actual requirement of most tissues, including soybean (Glycine max) callus in suspension culture, for myo-inositol...Full Text Available

1990-02-01

192

Product toxicity and cometabolic competitive inhibition modeling of chloroform and trichloroethylene transformation by methanotrophic resting cells.

Target of rapamycin (TOR) kinases control cell growth through two functionally distinct multiprotein complexes. TOR complex 1 (TORC1) controls temporal cell growth and is sensitive to rapamycin, whereas...Full Text Available

2008-09-23

193

Potential of mTOR inhibitors for the treatment of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas in tuberous sclerosis complex

The rate and capacity for chloroform (CF) and trichloroethylene (TCE) transformation by a mixed methanotrophic culture of resting cells (no exogenous energy source) and formate-fed cells were measured....Full Text Available

1991-04-01

194

Platelet-derived growth factor inhibits bone regeneration induced by osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, in rat craniotomy defects.

Rapamycin inhibits the mTOR (target of rapamycin) pathway and extends lifespan in multiple species. The tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) protein is a negative regulator of mTOR. In humans, loss of the...Full Text Available

195

Phytoremediation of Soil Trace Elements

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent moderator of soft tissue repair through induction of the inflammatory phase of repair and subsequent enhanced collagen deposition. We examined the effect...Full Text Available

1993-12-01

196

Photosynthetic Response of Seagrasses to Ultraviolet-A Radiation and the Influence of Visible Light Intensity ¹

This chapter summarizes research progress in development of phytoremediation technologies. Some soils have become contaminated by trace elements enough to kill plants, inhibit soil organisms, and/or threaten wildlife, humans or the environment. Traditional remediation by dig and haul methods are v...

197

Pesticide Use and Self-Reported Symptoms of Acute Pesticide Poisoning among Aquatic Farmers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Inhibition of photosynthesis by ultraviolet-A radiation (UV-A, 315-380 nanometers) was examined in three marine angiosperms: Halophila engelmannii Aschers, Halodule wrightii...Full Text Available

1982-02-01

198

Oxygen deprivation inhibits basal keratinocyte proliferation in a model of human skin and induces regio-specific changes in the distribution of epidermal adherens junction proteins, aquaporin-3, and glycogen

Organophosphates and carbamates (OPs/CMs) are known for their acetylcholinesterase inhibiting character. A cross-sectional study of pesticide handling practices and self-perceived symptoms of acute...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

199

Osmotic Shock Inhibits Auxin-stimulated Acidification and Growth ¹

It is generally accepted that hypoxia and recovery from oxygen deprivation contribute to the breakdown and ulceration of human skin. The effects of these stresses on proliferation, differentiation...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

200

Nrf2 increases survival and attenuates alveolar growth inhibition in neonatal mice exposed to hyperoxia

Cells of oat coleoptiles (Avena sativa L. cv. “Garry”) have been osmotically shocked in order to observe the effect of alterations of the plasma membrane on some auxin...Full Text Available

1977-03-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

201

Neutral endopeptidase inhibits prostate cancer cell migration by blocking focal adhesion kinase signaling

Increased oxidative stress is associated with perinatal asphyxia and respiratory distress in the newborn period. Induction of nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor (Nrf2) has been shown to decrease...Full Text Available

2009-04-01

202

Myelin associated glycoprotein cross-linking triggers its partitioning into lipid rafts, specific signaling events and cytoskeletal rearrangements in oligodendrocytes

Neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP, CD10) is a cell-surface enzyme expressed by prostatic epithelial cells that cleaves and inactivates neuropeptides implicated in the growth of androgen-independent prostate...Full Text Available

2000-12-01

203

Molecular basis of the inhibition of human aromatase (estrogen synthetase) by flavone and isoflavone phytoestrogens: A site-directed mutagenesis study.

Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) has been implicated in inhibition of nerve regeneration in the CNS. This results from interactions between MAG and the Nogo receptor and gangliosides on...Full Text Available

2004-02-01

204

Mode of Action of RNase BN/RNase Z on tRNA Precursors

Flavone and isoflavone phytoestrogens are plant chemicals and are known to be competitive inhibitors of cytochrome P450 aromatase with respect to the androgen substrate. Aromatase is the enzyme that...Full Text Available

1998-02-01

205

Minigenome-Based Reporter System Suitable for High-Throughput Screening of Compounds Able To Inhibit Ebolavirus Replication and/or Transcription ?

RNase BN, the Escherichia coli homolog of RNase Z, was previously shown to act as both a distributive exoribonuclease and an endoribonuclease on model RNA substrates and to be inhibited...Full Text Available

2010-07-23

206

Method and composition for acidizing subterranean formations

We describe an Ebolavirus minigenome-based system that is suitable for high-throughput screening of compounds able to impair Ebolavirus virus replication and/or transcription....Full Text Available

2010-07-01

207

Metal Ions-Stimulated Iron Oxidation in Hydroxylases Facilitates Stabilization of HIF-1? Protein

The present invention relates to a method of acidizing a subterranean formation or well bore employing an acidic solution containing a corrosion inhibitor composition comprising an inhibiting effective amount of an acetylenic alcohol, a quaternary ammonium compound, an aromatic hydrocarbon and an antimony compound.

1985-02-12

208

Long-lasting inhibition of presynaptic metabolism and neurotransmitter release by protein S-nitrosylation

The exposure of cells to several metal ions stabilizes HIF-1α protein. However, the molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. They may involve inhibition of hydroxylation by either...Full Text Available

2009-02-01

209

Local inhibition of nitric oxide generation in man reduces blood flow in finger pulp but not in hand dorsum skin.

Nitric oxide (NO) and related reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a major role in the pathophysiology of stroke and other neurodegenerative diseases. One of the poorly understood consequences...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

210

Lethal protein produced in response to competition between sibling bacterial colonies

1. Nitric oxide generation is important in the regulation of resistance vessel tone. Until now, however, there has been no evidence of such a role for basal generation of nitric oxide in the skin microcirculation...Full Text Available

1996-01-15

211

Lead and ?-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Polymorphism: Where Does It Lead? A Meta-Analysis

Sibling Paenibacillus dendritiformis bacterial colonies grown on low-nutrient agar medium mutually inhibit growth through secretion of a lethal factor. Analysis of secretions reveals...Full Text Available

2010-04-06

212

Lateral Connectivity in the Olfactory Bulb is Sparse and Segregated

BackgroundLead poisoning affects many organs in the body. Lead inhibits δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), an enzyme with two co-dominantly expressed alleles, ALAD1...Full Text Available

2007-01-01

213

Inhibition of the visual cycle by A2E through direct interaction with RPE65 and implications in Stargardt disease

Lateral connections in the olfactory bulb were previously thought to be organized for center–surround inhibition. However, recent anatomical and physiological studies showed sparse and distributed...Full Text Available

214

Inhibition of exercise-induced asthma by nifedipine: a dose-response study.

Stargardt disease (STGD) is the major form of inherited juvenile macular degeneration. Pyridinium bis-retinoid A2E is a major component of lipofuscin which accumulates in retinal pigment epithelium...Full Text Available

2010-10-12

215

Inhibition of beta-lactamase of Bacillus licheniformis 749/C by compound PS-5, a new beta-lactam antibiotic.

1. The effect of three single doses of nifedipine on exercise-induced asthma has been examined in 11 asthmatic subjects. 2. On four separate days patients undertook 6 min of exercise on a treadmill...Full Text Available

1987-10-01

216

Inhibition of HIV-1 Infection in Ex Vivo Cervical Tissue Model of Human Vagina by Palmitic Acid; Implications for a Microbicide Development

By use of a new computer-assisted u.v.-spectrophotometric assay method, the kinetic parameters of the reaction catalysed by Bacillus licheniformis 749/C beta-lactamase were re-examined and the mode...Full Text Available

1980-01-01

217

Inactivating cholecystokinin-2 receptor inhibits progastrin-dependent colonic crypt fission, proliferation, and colorectal cancer in mice

BackgroundApproximately 80% of all new HIV-1 infections are acquired through sexual contact. Currently, there is no clinically approved microbicide, indicating a clear and...Full Text Available

218

In vitro selection of RNA molecules that displace cocaine from the membrane-bound nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

Hyperproliferation of the colonic epithelium, leading to expansion of colonic crypt progenitors, is a recognized risk factor for colorectal cancer. Overexpression of progastrin, a nonamidated and incompletely...Full Text Available

2009-09-01

219

In vitro growth inhibition of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma congolense by iron chelators

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) controls signal transmission between cells in the nervous system. Abused drugs such as cocaine inhibit this receptor. Transient kinetic investigations indicate...Full Text Available

1998-11-24

220

Hyaluronic acid production by irradiated human synovial fibroblasts

African trypanosomes exert significant morbidity and mortality in man and livestock. Only a few drugs are available for the treatment of trypanosome infections and therefore, the development of new...Full Text Available

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

221

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Inhibition of Immunoamphisomes in Dendritic Cells Impairs Early Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses

Radioactive particles as well as x irradiation from an external source has been used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. In order to clarify effects of ionizing irradiation on synovial cells, radioactive gold ("1"9"8Au) and yttrium ("9"0Y) were added to fibroblast cultures derived from human synovial membranes. Other cultures were irradiated by a Picker x-ray machine. Fibroblast growth and hyaluronic acid production were measured. Radioactive gold and yttrium particles induced a significant increase of hyaluronic acid synthesis rate (pg/cell/day) and inhibited fibroblast growth. Fibroblasts continued to overproduce hyaluronic acid and to show growth inhibition 3 weeks after irradiation with radioactive gold. Hydrocortisone inhibited hyaluronic acid overproduction induced by radioactive gold. Overproduction of hyaluronic acid induced by the x-ray machine was ...

1977-01-01

222

High Glucose-Mediated Oxidative Stress Impairs Cell Migration

SUMMARYDendritic cells (DCs) in mucosal surfaces are early targets for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). DCs mount rapid and robust immune responses upon pathogen encounter....Full Text Available

2010-05-28

223

Granulocyte Stimulating Factor Attenuates Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury by Inhibiting Apoptosis in Neonatal Rats

Deficient wound healing in diabetic patients is very frequent, but the cellular and molecular causes are poorly defined. In this study, we evaluate the hypothesis that high glucose concentrations inhibit...Full Text Available

224

Genetic Evidence for Inhibition of Bacterial Division Protein FtsZ by Berberine

PurposeThis study was undertaken to determine the neuroprotective effect of granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF) on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Materials...Full Text Available

2008-10-31

225

Fyn Is a Novel Target of (?)-Epigallocatechin Gallate in the Inhibition of JB6 Cl41 Cell Transformation

BackgroundBerberine is a plant alkaloid that is widely used as an anti-infective in traditional medicine. Escherichia coli exposed to berberine form filaments, suggesting...Full Text Available

226

Functional and Structural Analysis of a Key Region of the Cell Wall Inhibitor Moenomycin

The cancer preventive action of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), found in green tea, is strongly supported by epidemiology and laboratory research data. However, the mechanism by...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

227

Finasteride-Its Impact on Sexual Function and Prostate Cancer

Moenomycin A (MmA) belongs to a family of natural products that inhibit peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding to the peptidoglycan glycosyltransferases (PGTs), the enzymes that make the glycan...Full Text Available

2010-07-16

228

Fabp7 Maps to a Quantitative Trait Locus for a Schizophrenia Endophenotype

Finasteride, a specific and competitive inhibitor of 5α-reductase enzyme Type 2, inhibits the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). In adults, DHT acts as primary androgen...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

229

Erratum to: Inhibition of triclabendazole metabolism in vitro by ketoconazole increases disruption to the tegument of a triclabendazole-resistant isolate of Fasciola hepatica

Deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI) are a biological marker for schizophrenia. To unravel the mechanisms that control PPI, we performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis on 1,010 F2 mice derived...Full Text Available

2007-11-01

230

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A study has been carried out to investigate whether the action of triclabendazole (TCBZ) against Fasciola hepatica is altered by inhibition of drug metabolism. The cytochrome P450 (CYP 450) enzyme pathway was inhibited using ketoconazole (KTZ) to see whether a TCBZ-resistant isolate could be made more sensitive to TCBZ action. The Oberon TCBZ-resistant and Cullompton TCBZ-susceptible isolates were used for these experiments. The CYP 450 system was inhibited by a 2-h pre-incubation in ketoconazole (40??M), then incubated for a further 22?h in NCTC medium containing either KTZ, KTZ?+?nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) (1?nM), KTZ?+?NADPH?+?TCBZ (15??g/ml), or KTZ?+?NADPH?+?triclabendazole sulphoxide (TCBZ.SO; 15??g/ml). Changes to fluke ultrastructure following drug treatmen...

2011-01-01

231

Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits HBV DNA synthesis in a viral replication - inducible cell line

Ellman's-reagent-mediated regeneration of trypanothione in situ: substrate-economical microplate and time-dependent inhibition assays for trypanothione reductase.

AIM: To analyze the antiviral mechanism of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication.METHODS: In this research, the HBV-replicating cell line HepG2.117 was used...Full Text Available

2011-03-21

232

Effect of mineral compounds in phosphoric acid polluted by sulfide ions on corrosion of nickel

Trypanothione reductase (TryR) is a key enzyme involved in the oxidative stress management of the Trypanosoma and Leishmania parasites, which helps to maintain an intracellular reducing environment...Full Text Available

2003-02-01

233

Effect of Single-dose Rifampin on the Pharmacokinetics of Warfarin in Healthy Volunteers

The inhibiting effects of two mineral compounds on corrosion of nickel in phosphoric acid (H[sub 3]PO[sub 4]) polluted by sulfide ions (S[sup 2[minus

1999-06-01

234

Effect of 9-(2-Hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine on Herpesvirus-Induced Keratitis and Iritis in Rabbits

Based on in vitro rat and human hepatocyte uptake studies showing inhibition of warfarin uptake in the presence of the non-specific organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

235

Does amiodarone affect heart rate by inhibiting the intracellular generation of triiodothyronine from thyroxine?

Drugs used for the inhibition of DNA viruses, such as iododeoxyuridine, adenine arabinoside, or trifluorothymidine, are not biochemically selective in their action and also interfere with normal cellular...Full Text Available

1978-12-01

236

Differentiation of trophoblast stem cells into giant cells is triggered by p57/Kip2 inhibition of CDK1 activity

The hypothesis that the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone slows down the heart rate by its inhibitory action on the intracellular conversion of thyroxine (T4) to 3,5,3' triiodothyronine (T3) was investigated....Full Text Available

1984-05-01

237

Differential effects of procaine and phenethyl alcohol on excision repair of DNA in u. v. -irradiated Escherichia coli

Genome endoreduplication during mammalian development is a rare event for which the mechanism is unknown. It first appears when fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) deprivation induces differentiation...Full Text Available

2008-11-01

238

Cytosolic Phosphofructokinase from Spinach Leaves ¹

Experiments were performed to investigate the involvement of the cell membrane in the excision DNA repair process in Escherichia coli. Two membrane-binding drugs, procaine and phenethyl alcohol (PEA), inhibited liquid-holding recovery (LBR) in u.v.-irradiated E. coli wild-type and recA strains. In uvrB and polA strains where, after u.v.-irradiation, LHR was absent the two drugs had no effect. Both drugs markedly reduced the removal of u.v.-induced thymine dimers in the DNA of wild-type cells (H/r30). Analysis by alkaline sucrose gradients revealed that PEA inhibited the incision step in excision repair. In contrast, procaine had no effect on incision but apparently inhibited the late steps in excision repair. PEA dissociated DNA from the cell membrane, whereas procaine did not. The results suggest that the two drugs PEA and procaine inhibit LHR and the excision repair process operating on u.v.-induced ...

1986-12-01

239

Cryptococcus neoformans Mediator Protein Ssn8 Negatively Regulates Diverse Physiological Processes and Is Required for Virulence

Cytosolic ATP-phosphofructokinase (PFK) from spinach leaves (Spinacia oleracea L.) was inhibited by submillimolar concentrations of free Mg²⁺. The free Mg²⁺ concentration...Full Text Available

1989-08-01

240

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by alkylimidazolium ionic liquids in hydrochloric acid

Cryptococcus neoformans is a ubiquitously distributed human pathogen. It is also a model system for studying fungal virulence, physiology and differentiation. Light is known to inhibit...Full Text Available

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

241

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by alkylimidazolium ionic liquids in hydrochloric acid

The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1 M HCl by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chlorides (BMIC) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO{sub 4}) has been investigated using electrochemical impedance, potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss measurements. Potentiodynamic polarization studies indicate the studied inhibitors are mixed type inhibitors. For both inhibitors, the inhibition efficiency increased with increase in the concentration of the inhibitor and the effectiveness of the two inhibitors are in the order [BMIM]HSO{sub 4} > BMIC. The adsorption of the inhibitors on mild steel surface obeyed the Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior in the presence of 5 x 10{sup -3} M of inhibitors was studied in the temperature range of 303-333 K. The associated activation energy of corrosion and other thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy of ...

2009-02-15

242

Conversion of Phenylalanine into Tyrosine by Portulaca Callus ¹

The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1 M HCl by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chlorides (BMIC) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO_4) has been investigated using electrochemical impedance, potentiodynamic polarization and weight loss measurements. Potentiodynamic polarization studies indicate the studied inhibitors are mixed type inhibitors. For both inhibitors, the inhibition efficiency increased with increase in the concentration of the inhibitor and the effectiveness of the two inhibitors are in the order [BMIM]HSO_4 > BMIC. The adsorption of the inhibitors on mild steel surface obeyed the Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior in the presence of 5 x 10"-"3 M of inhibitors was studied in the temperature range of 303-333 K. The associated activation energy of corrosion and other thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy of activation (#DELTA#H), entropy of ...

2009-02-15

243

Clarifying the Factors that Undermine Behavioral Inhibition System Functioning in Psychopathy

The incorporation of [¹⁴C]phenylalanine and [1,6-¹⁴C]shikimic acid into tyrosine was investigated in the callus of Portulaca grandiflora, var. JR (L.). By inhibiting...Full Text Available

1981-08-01

244

Cholinesterases from Plant Tissues

Psychopathic individuals are generally unresponsive to motivational and emotional cues that facilitate behavioral regulation. A putative mechanism for this deficiency is Gray’s (1971)...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

245

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia in mice. Induction by cyclophosphamide, inhibition by cyclosporine A, and modulation by dexamethasone.

2-Isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidine carboxylate methyl chloride (AMO-1618) inhibits the activity of a cholinesterase isolated from mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) roots...Full Text Available

1973-09-01

246

Characterization of Terfestatin A, a New Specific Inhibitor for Auxin Signaling1[w

We introduce cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia (CYP-IA) in C57BL-6 mice as a clinically relevant model for studying the biology of chemotherapy-induced alopecia and for developing anti-alopecia drugs....Full Text Available

1994-04-01

247

Cells navigate with a local-excitation, global-inhibition-biased excitable network

Terfestatin A (TrfA), terphenyl-β-glucoside, was isolated from Streptomyces sp. F40 in a forward screen for compounds that inhibit the expression of auxin-inducible...Full Text Available

2005-10-01

248

Cell proliferation depends on mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake: inhibition by salicylate

Cells have an internal compass that enables them to move along shallow chemical gradients. As amoeboid cells migrate, signaling events such as Ras and PI3K activation occur spontaneously on pseudopodia....Full Text Available

2010-10-05

249

Carbon Monoxide Protects against Ventilator-induced Lung Injury via PPAR-? and Inhibition of Egr-1

Store-operated Ca²⁺ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca²⁺ influx pathway involved in control of multiple cellular and physiological processes including cell proliferation. Recent evidence...Full Text Available

2006-02-15

250

CHRONIC ETHANOL FEEDING AFFECTS PROTEASOME INTERACTING PROTEINS

Rationale: Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) leads to an unacceptably high mortality. In this regard, the antiinflammatory properties of inhaled carbon monoxide (CO) may provide...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

251

Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells Are Inhibited by a Non-Toxic Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonist

Studies on alcoholic liver injury mechanisms show a significant inhibition of the proteasome activity. To investigate this phenomenon, we isolated proteasome complexes from the liver of rats...Full Text Available

2009-07-01

252

Both common and specialty mushrooms inhibit adhesion molecule expression and in vitro binding of monocytes to human aortic endothelial cells in a pro-inflammatory environment

BackgroundCancer stem cells (CSCs) have increased resistance to cancer chemotherapy. They can be enriched as drug-surviving CSCs (D-CSCs) by growth with chemotherapeutic drugs, and/or...Full Text Available

253

Biotin binders selected from a random peptide library expressed on phage.

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality in the United States as well as globally. Epidemiological studies show that regular fruit and vegetable consumption...Full Text Available

254

Beneficial Effect of a Short-Acting NO Donor for the Prevention of Neointimal Hyperplasia

Recombinant biotin-binding phages were affinity-selected from a random peptide library expressed on the surface of filamentous phage. Phage binding to biotinylated proteins was half-maximally inhibited...Full Text Available

1993-08-01

255

Auxin Transport Is Required for Hypocotyl Elongation in Light-Grown but Not Dark-Grown Arabidopsis1

Nitric oxide (NO)-based therapies effectively inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in animal models of arterial injury and bypass grafting, but are not available clinically. We created a simple, effective,...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

256

Aspartate Carbamyltransferase 1

Many auxin responses are dependent on redistribution and/or polar transport of indoleacetic acid. Polar transport of auxin can be inhibited through the application of phytotropins such as 1-naphthylphthalamic...Full Text Available

1998-02-01

257

Apolipoprotein E-Mimetics Inhibit Neurodegeneration and Restore Cognitive Functions in a Transgenic Drosophila Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Lovatt et al. (1979 Plant Physiol 64: 562-569) have previously demonstrated that end-product inhibition functions as a mechanism regulating the activity of the orotic acid pathway in...Full Text Available

1984-07-01

258

Antifungal thiopeptide cyclothiazomycin B1 exhibits growth inhibition accompanying morphological changes via binding to fungal cell wall chitin

BackgroundMutations of the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) are found in familial forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and some lead to the elevated production...Full Text Available

259

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Cyclothiazomycin B1 (CTB1) is an antifungal cyclic thiopeptide isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. HA 125-40. CTB1 inhibited the growth of several filamentous fungi including plant pathogens along with swelling of hyphae and spores. The antifungal activity of CTB1 was weakened by hyperosmotic conditions, and hyphae treated with CTB1 burst under hypoosmotic conditions, indicating increased cell wall fragility. CTB1-sensitive fungal species contain high levels of cell wall chitin and/or chitosan. Unlike nikkomycin Z, a competitive inhibitor of chitin synthase (CHS), CTB1 did not inhibit CHS activity. Although CTB1 inhibited CHS biosynthesis, the same result was also obtained with a non-specific proteins inhibitor, cycloheximide, which did not reduce cell wall rigidity. These ...

2011-01-01

260

Anti-inflammatory effects of liquiritigenin as a consequence of the inhibition of NF-?B-dependent iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines production

Amorphigenin inhibits Osteoclast differentiation by suppressing c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells

Background and purpose:Glycyrrhizae radix has been widely used as a cytoprotective, plant-derived medicine. We have identified a flavanoid, liquiritigenin, as an...Full Text Available

2008-05-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

261

Acute Drug-Induced Hepatitis Caused by Albendazole

Among the several rotenoids, amorphigenin is isolated from the leaves of Amopha Fruticosa and it is known that has anti-proliferative effects and anti-cnacer effects in many cell types....Full Text Available

2010-12-01

262

Activated PPAR? Targets Surface and Intracellular Signals That Inhibit the Proliferation of Lung Carcinoma Cells

Albendazole binds to parasite's tubulin inhibiting its glucose absorption. Its common adverse effects are nausea, vomiting, constipation, thirst, dizziness, headache, hair loss and pruritus. Although...Full Text Available

2008-10-01

263

AICAR inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3L1 and restores metabolic alterations in diet-induced obesity mice model

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Their discovery in the 1990s provided insights...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

264

A role of ygfZ in the Escherichia coli response to plumbagin challenge

BackgroundObesity is one of the principal causative factors involved in the development of metabolic syndrome. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensor that regulates...Full Text Available

265

A novel rat strain with enhanced sensitivity to the effects of dopamine agonists on startle gating

Plumbagin is found in many herbal plants and inhibits the growth of various bacteria. Escherichia coli strains are relatively resistant to this drug. The mechanism of resistance is...Full Text Available

266

Ternary stannides RE_3Ru_4Sn_1_3 (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd). Structure, magnetic properties, and "1"1"9Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy

BackgroundCompared to outbred Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, inbred Brown Norway (BN) rats exhibit less prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI) at long prepulse intervals,...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

267

Impact assessment using 25 years of environmental radioactivity monitoring data at Tarapur Maharashtra site

The ternary stannides RE_3Ru_4Sn_1_3 (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd) were obtained by arc-melting of the elements. The polycrystalline samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. The structures of three compounds were refined from single-crystal diffractometer data: Yb_3Rh_4Sn_1_3 type, Pm anti 3n, a = 977.74(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0379, 280 F"2 values for La_3Ru_4Sn_1_3, a = 971.34(9) pm, wR2 = 0.0333, 274 F"2 values for Ce_3Ru_4Sn_1_3, a = 970.68(8) pm, wR2 = 0.0262, 272 F"2 values for Nd_3Ru_4Sn_1_3 with 13 variables per refinement. The structures consist of three-dimensional networks of condensed RuSn_6_/_2 trigonal prisms with the RE (CN 16) and Sn2 (CN 12) atoms in two different types of cavities of the networks. The two crystallographically independent tin sites have been resolved by "1"1"9Sn Moessbauer spectroscopy. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements of ...

2011-07-01

268

A SURVEY OF MOLECULAR LINES TOWARD MASSIVE CLUMPS IN EARLY EVOLUTIONARY STAGES OF HIGH-MASS STAR FORMATION

Environmental Survey Laboratory at Tarapur, Maharashtra site carries out environmental radioactivity measurements in different matrices to evaluate the impact of operating nuclear installations. In this paper, the evaluation of data of 1983-2007 (25 years) is presented. Time trends of particulate radioactivity, correlation between "1"3"7Cs in discharge canal seawater and station discharged activity and correlation of "1"3"7Cs, "6"0Co, and "1"3"1I in marine species like Sponge and Nerita and corresponding discharged activity were carried out. Statistical analysis of environmental data of seawater and marine fish for several radionuclides, for distributions, showed that the data best fits lognormal distribution. A strong correlation between "1"3"7Cs in seawater and "1"3"7Cs in liquid waste discharge was observed (R"2 = 0.8, P = 0.000). Similarly correlation was very good for Nerita ...

2008-07-16

269

Pitting corrosion of zirconium and hafnium

We have observed the CH_3OH J = 2-1, SiO J = 2-1, C"3"4S J = 2-1, H"1"3CO"+ J = 1-0, HN"1"3C J = 1-0, CCH N = 1-0, OCS J = 8-7, and SO J_N = 2_2-1_1 lines toward 20 massive clumps, including Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) 8 #mu#m dark sources (infrared dark clouds) and MSX 8 #mu#m sources, by using the Nobeyama Radio Observatory 45 m telescope. We have found that the velocity widths of the CH_3OH and C"3"4S lines are broader than those of the H"1"3CO"+ line in the MSX dark sources. On the other hand, they are comparable to the velocity width of the H"1"3CO"+ line in the MSX sources. In addition, the [SiO]/[H"1"3CO"+] abundance ratio is found to be enhanced in the MSX dark sources in comparison with the MSX sources. These results suggest that shocks caused by interaction between an outflow and an ambient dense gas would have substantial impact on the chemical composition of the MSX ...

2010-05-10

270

Dipyrone-induced changes in DNA repair and other cell membrane associated processes in Escherichia coli

The initiation and inhibition of pitting corrosion on zirconium and hafnium in aqueous solutions have been investigated by potentiodynamic, potentiostatic and galvanostatic measurements at 25/sup 0/C. Effects of Cl/sup -/, Br/sup -/and I/sup -/ have been examined over a range of salt concentrations and pH. All three halide ions cause pitting attack on the two metals, but this may be inhibited by other anions. The results show that hafnium is more easily protected against pitting than is zirconium. The data are treated by the Butler-Volmer equation to yield more information about the mechanisms of the pitting corrosion.

1988-02-01

271

Dipyrone-induced changes in DNA repair and other cell membrane associated processes in Escherichia coli

The analgesic, dipyrone (1,phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolone-4-methylamino methane sulphonate sodium), at 20 mM concentration, inhibited the rejoining of single-strand scissions in DNA of Escherichia coli B/r cells induced by 20 krad gamma-radiation. The chemical altered the cell membrane structure as evidenced from the uptake of acriflavin, the efflux of potassium ions from the bacterial cells and the inhibition of alkaline phosphatase-a cell membrane associated enzyme. (author). 18 refs., 6 figures.

1982-09-01

272

Rapid inhibition of vasoconstriction in renal afferent arterioles by aldosterone

The analgesic, dipyrone (1,phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolone-4-methylamino methane sulphonate sodium), at 20 mM concentration, inhibited the rejoining of single-strand scissions in DNA of Escherichia coli B/r cells induced by 20 krad gamma-radiation. The chemical altered the cell membrane structure as evidenced from the uptake of acriflavin, the efflux of potassium ions from the bacterial cells and the inhibition of alkaline phosphatase-a cell membrane associated enzyme. (author).

273

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Aldosterone has been suggested to elicit vessel contraction via a nongenomic mechanism. We tested this proposal in microdissected, perfused rabbit renal afferent arterioles. Aldosterone had no effect on internal diameter in concentrations from 10(-10) to 10(-5) mol/L, but aldosterone abolished the ability of 100 mmol/L KCl to induce vascular contraction. The inhibitory effect of aldosterone was observed from 1 pmol/L. The inhibitory effect was significant after 5 minutes and maximal after 20 minutes and was fully reversible. Actinomycin D (10(-6) mol/L) prolonged the effect of aldosterone. The effect was abolished by the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone (10(-7) mol/L) but not by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone (10(-6) mol/L). The K+-mediated increase of intracellular calcium concentration in afferent arterioles was not affected by aldosterone. Mineralocorticoid receptor was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and ...

2003-01-01

274

Maturation of GABAergic Inhibition Promotes Strengthening of Temporally Coherent Inputs among Convergent Pathways

Helminthosporium maydis T toxin decreased calcium transport into mitochondria of susceptible corn

Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), a form of Hebbian plasticity, is inherently stabilizing. Whether and how GABAergic inhibition influences STDP is not well understood. Using a model neuron driven by converging inputs modifiable by STDP, we determined that a sufficient level of inhibition was critical to ensure that temporal coherence (correlation among presynaptic spike times) of synaptic inputs, rather than initial strength or number of inputs within a pathway, controlled postsynaptic spike timing. Inhibition exerted this effect by preferentially reducing synaptic efficacy, the ability of inputs to evoke postsynaptic action potentials, of the less coherent inputs. In visual cortical slices, inhibition potently reduced synaptic efficacy at ages during but not before the critical period of ocular dominance (OD) plasticity. Whole-cell recordings revealed that the amplitude of unitary IPSCs from ...

2010-06-03

275

Radiolabelled peanut lectin for the scintigraphy detection of cancer

The effects of purified Helminthosporium maydis T (HmT) toxin on active Ca/sup 2 +/ transport into isolated mitochondria and microsomal vesicles were compared for a susceptible (T) and a resistant (N) strain of corn (Zea mays). ATP, malate, NADH, or succinate could drive /sup 45/Ca/sup 2 +/ transport into mitochondria of corn roots. Ca/sup 2 +/ uptake was dependent on the proton electrochemical gradient generated by the redox substrates or the reversible ATP synthetase, as oligomycin inhibited ATP-driven CA/sup 2 +/ uptake while KCN inhibited transport driven by the redox substrates. Purified native HmT toxin completely inhibited Ca/sup 2 +/ transport into T mitochondria at 5 to 10 nanograms per milliliter while transport into N mitochondria was decreased slightly by 100 nanograms per milliliter toxin. Malate-driven Ca/sup 2 +/ transport in T mitochondria was frequently more inhibited by 5 nanograms per ...

1984-04-01

276

Pd adsorption on Si(1 1 3) surface: STM and XPS study

To investigate the role of intravenously administered, radioiodinated peanut lectin ("1"3"1I-PNA) in the non-invasive detection of cancer, the pharmacokinetics and scintigraphic distribution of this novel tumor-seeking compound were studied in 8 patients with metastatic cancer of the colon, breast or lung. Scintigraphic localization of "1"3"1I-PNA was apparent at certain anatomical sites of known metastases in 2 patients and in a further 2 patients an adjacent malignant pleural effusion was visualized. The rapid clearance of radioactivity from the whole body and plasma with marked renal concentration and rapid urinary excretion of significant amounts of intact "1"3"1I-PNA (mol.wt. 107,000,pI 5.95) implied that this molecule was excreted selectively by the renal tubules. PNA or other lectins may find a role in the scintigraphic detection of selected types of cancer. (author).

1984-01-01

277

Estimation of "1"3"7Cs body burden in Japanese, 2

Pd-induced surface structures on Si(1 1 3) have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the initial process of the Pd adsorption below 0.10 ML, Pd silicide (Pd{sub 2}Si) clusters are observed to form randomly on the surface. By increasing the Pd coverage to 0.10 ML, the clusters cover the entire surface, and an amorphous layer is formed. After annealing the Si(1 1 3)-Pd surface at 600 deg. C, various types of islands and chain protrusions appears. The agglomeration, coalescence and crystallization of these islands are observed by using high temperature (HT-) STM. It is also found by XPS that the islands correspond to Pd{sub 2}Si structure. On the basis of these results, evolution of Pd-induced structures at high temperatures is in detail discussed.

2008-09-30

278

Topological investigations of molecular interactions in mixtures containing alkanols: molar excess volumes and molar excess enthalpies

The biological half-life of "1"3"7Cs in the total body of human subjects was determined in 23 individuals of Japanese male adult in their normal works by measuring amount of "1"3"7Cs in both their total body and daily urine in the same period. For the group, the value was determined by averaging the half-lives for individuals, by comparing the mean body burden and the mean daily urinary excretion, or by applying a curve fitting method to the body burden estimate. The biological half-life averaged 86 days, ranging from 50 to 161 days. The averages of the biological half-lives for the group were 83, 87 and 82 days in the different periods of observation. By the curve fitting method, 85 days was found for the group. The biological half-life for the individuals depended on both body weight and age, to a lesser extent, of the subjects. (author).

279

The Melanocortin 3 Receptor: A Novel Mediator of Exercise-Induced Inflammation Reduction in Postmenopausal Women?

Molar excess volumes, V{sup E} and molar excess enthalpies, H{sup E} of 1,3-dioxolane (D) (i) + propan-1-ol, 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-1-ol and 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-2-ol (j) binary mixtures have been measured as a function of composition at 308.15 K. The analysis of V{sup E} data by graph, theoretical approach reveals that while propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol exist as associated entities in the pure state; 1,3-dioxolane and butanol exist as monomers in their pure state. These (i+j) binary mixtures are characterized by interactions between ethereal oxygen atom of D(i) and hydrogen atom of alkanols. The IR studies lend additional support to the proposed structure of molecular entitles in these mixtures. The energetics of the mixtures have also been studied.

2004-04-08

280

Temporal Stability of Urinary and Plasma Biomarkers of Tobacco Smoke Exposure among Cigarette Smokers

The purpose of this study was to determine whether resistance exercise training-induced reductions in inflammation are mediated via melanocortin 3 receptor expression in obese (BMI 32.7 1; 3.7)...Full Text Available

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281

Stem Cell Therapies Benefit Alport Syndrome

Intraindividual variability of measurements of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), nicotine, cotinine, and r-1,t-2,3,c-4-tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

282

Scaling of swim speed and stroke frequency in geometrically similar penguins: they swim optimally to minimize cost of transport

Patients with Alport syndrome progressively lose renal function as a result of defective type IV collagen in their glomerular basement membrane. In mice lacking the ;1;3 chain of type IV collagen...Full Text Available

2009-11-01

283

Role of adenosine in regulating glucose uptake during contractions and hypoxia in rat skeletal muscle

It has been predicted that geometrically similar animals would swim at the same speed with stroke frequency scaling with mass^−1/3. In the present study, morphological and behavioural...Full Text Available

2010-03-07

284

Measurements of Spectral Characteristics of Swimmer Targets ...

The effect of A₁-adenosine receptor antagonism via 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropyl-xanthine (CPDPX) on the stimulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake by...Full Text Available

1999-02-15

285

Measurement of relative K X-ray intensity ratio following radioactive decay and photoionization

... 3.0 Radar Measurements 3-1 3. 1 Spectral Density Measurements 3-2 3. 1. 1 System Calibration 3-3 ... 3. 1 SPECTRAL DENSITY MEASUREMENTS ...

1974-05-01

286

Formation, Repair, and Genotoxic Properties of Bulky DNA Adducts Formed from Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines

The measurements of the K X-ray intensity ratio I(K#alpha# _2/K#alpha# _1), I(K#beta# _1/K#alpha# _1) and I(K#beta#/K#alpha#) for elements V, Mn, Zn, Tc, Ru, Cd, Xe, Ba, Cs, Hg and Rn were experimentally determined both by photon excitation, in which 59.5 keV #gamma#-rays from a "2"4"1Am and 123.6 keV #gamma#-rays from a "6"0Co were used, and following the radioactive decay of "5"1Cr, "5"5Fe, "6"7Ga, "9"9Tc, "1"1"1In, "1"3"1I, "1"3"3Ba, "1"3"3Xe, "1"3"7Cs, "2"0"1Tl and "2"2"6Ra. K X-rays emitted by samples were counted by a Si(Li) detector with resolution 160 eV at 5.9 keV. Obtained values were compared with the theoretical values. It was observed that present values agree with the previous theoretical and other experimental results.

2007-01-01

287

Cottonseed Malate Synthase ¹

4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) are tobacco-specific nitrosamines present in tobacco products and smoke. Both compounds...Full Text Available

288

Cloning and sequencing of a dehalogenase gene encoding an enzyme with hydrolase activity involved in the degradation of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane in Pseudomonas paucimobilis.

Malate synthase (EC 4.1.3.2), an enzyme unique to the glyoxylate cycle, was purified to homogeneity from cotyledons of 72-hours, darkgrown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings....Full Text Available

1987-08-01

289

Cellobiose dehydrogenase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium is encoded by two allelic variants.

In Pseudomonas paucimobilis UT26, gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH) is converted by two steps of dehydrochlorination to a chemically unstable intermediate, 1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-1,4-cyclohexadiene...Full Text Available

1993-10-01

290

Acetolactate Synthase Activity in Developing Maize (Zea mays L.) Kernels

The complete nucleotide sequences of two alleles of cellobiose dehydrogenase, cdh-1 (3,627 bp) and cdh-2 (3,623 bp), from Phanerochaete chrysosporium OGC101 are reported. The nucleotide sequences of...Full Text Available

1997-02-01

291

AAPM TG-43 formalism for brachytherapy dose calculation of a 137Cs tube source

Acetolactate synthase (EC 4.1.3.18) activity was examined in maize (Zea mays L.) endosperm and embryos as a function of kernel development. When assayed using unpurified homogenates,...Full Text Available

1988-01-01

292

1,3-Butadiene: linking metabolism, dosimetry, and mutation induction.

We present a development of the use of the AAPM TG-43 dose formalism applied to "1"3"7Cs gynecological implant sources. The geometry factor, radial dose function, and anisotropy function of a "1"3"7Cs source modeled after the Nuclear Associates 67-809 series stainless steel jacketed tube source were derived following the AAPM TG-43 formalism. The dose rate distribution through the center of the source using the AAPM TG-43 dose formalism is calculated and compared with the calculations obtained using the Sievert summation and Monte Carlo simulation. The three methods resulted in an agreement within less than 5%, or an isodose rate line agreement within 2 mm. We demonstrate that the AAPM TG-43 formalism can be applied to "1"3"7Cs linear sources and is capable of serving as a "1"3"7Cs dose calculation algorithm that can be used for treatment planning purpose.

2004-04-01

293

Structural Phase Transition in AuZn Alloys

There is increasing concern for the potential adverse health effects of human exposures to chemical mixtures. To better understand the complex interactions of chemicals within a mixture, it is essential...Full Text Available

1994-11-01

294

Spectroscopy of light exotic nuclei

AuxZn1-x alloys undergo a shape memory martensitic transformation whose temperature and nature (continuous or discontinuous) is strongly composition dependent. Neutron diffraction experiments were performed on single crystals of x=50 and 52 to explore the structural changes occurring at the transition temperature. A transverse modulation with wavevector q0=(1/3,1/3,0) develops below the transition temperature, with no observable change in lattice parameter. However, the Bragg peak width shows a broadening suggesting an unresolved rhombohedral distortion similar to what has been observed in NiTi-Fe alloys.

2009-05-03

295

Selective extraction of U(VI) and some other metals from nitric acid media by poly-phosphine poly-oxides

Neutron-rich He-, Li-, and Be-isotopes in the vicinity of the drip-line have been studied by "1"2C- and "1"4C-induced multi-nucleon transfer reactions on "1"0Be and "1"3","1"4C-targets. This study revealed unknown excited states in "8","1"0He, "1"0","1"1Li and in "1"3","1"4Be. Both excitation energies and widths have been measured. In some cases most probable spins and parities could be assigned to the particle-unstable states observed. (orig.).

1996-01-15

296

Phase separation, transport and magnetic properties of La2/3A1/3Mn1-xCoxO3, A=Ca, Sr (0.5x1)

For the selective extraction of radionuclides from nitrate media, the extractabilities of organo-poly-phosphine poly-oxides were examined in the form of impregnated resins. It was found that the extractability of 1,1,3,5,5-pentaphenyl-1,3,5-tri-phospha-pentane trioxide (PPTPT) for U(VI) is quite unusual with very high values at both low and high concentrations of nitric acid, which is not observed for other types of extractants. Thus, this extractant might be promising for the selective extraction of U(VI) in very high concentrations of HNO3. (authors)

2008-09-15

297

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We present the low-temperature physical properties of the polycrystalline perovskite systems La2/3A1/3Mn1-xCoxO3, A=Ca, Sr (0.5x1) including electrical resistance, magnetization, ac and dc susceptibilities. The experimental data suggest the presence of correlated ferromagnetic clusters embedded in some non-ferromagnetic matrix. The systems show semiconducting behavior and negative magnetoresistance.

2008-01-01

298

Utilization of a "1"3C enriched tracer for carbon flux studies in a tropical Eucalyptus exserta forest

Strain evolution in Si substrate due to implantation of MeV ion observed by extremely asymmetric x-ray diffraction

Severe depletion of nutrients through removal of the above ground litter caused a cessation of growth of a Eucalyptus exserta forest in tropical China. Since there is no above ground input of C in this forest, microbial biomass (C_m_i_c) and soil organic C (C_o_r_g) are maintained by the below ground input only. By determining the maintenance requirement of the soil microflora, it should be possible to estimate the below ground production of this forest. To check this hypothesis the authors performed an experiment with labelled C. Since large scale production and field application of "1"4C labelled Eucalyptus litter were not feasible, 'naturally labelled' C_4 plant litter (Zea mays) was used. Maize litter has a #delta#"1"3C of -12.7 per mille as compared with a #delta#"1"3C of -30.7 per mille for Eucalyptus leaf litter. The "1"3C abundance is used to determine the amount of maize C in each of the soil layers. Investigations ...

1990-10-01

299

Effects of alpha-deuterium substitution on the mutagenicity of 4-(methyl-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)

We studied the strain introduced in a Si(111) substrate due to MeV ion implantation using extremely asymmetric x-ray diffraction and measured the rocking curves of asymmetrical 113 diffraction for the Si substrates implanted with a 1.5 MeV Au"2"+ ion at fluence values of 1x10"1"3, 5x10"1"3, and 1x10"1"4/cm"2. The measured curves consisted of a bulk peak and accompanying subpeak with an interference fringe. The positional relationship of the bulk peak to the subpeak and the intensity variation of those peaks with respect to the wavelengths of the x rays indicated that crystal lattices near the surface were strained; the lattice spacing of surface normal (111) planes near the surface was larger than that of the bulk. Detailed strain profiles along the depth direction were successfully estimated using a curve-fitting method based on Darwin's dynamical diffraction theory. Comparing the shapes of resultant strain profiles, we found that a strain ...

2009-08-15

300

Small-molecule screen identifies inhibitors of a human intestinal calcium-activated chloride channel.

4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), a carcinogenic tobacco specific nitrosamine, can be converted to electrophilic diazohydroxide intermediates by metabolic hydroxylation of either the methylene carbon (carbon 4) or the methyl carbon attached to the nitrosamine group. To investigate the relative importance of these two processes in NNK mutagenesis, we synthesized 4,4-dideutero-4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone((4,4,-D2)NNK) and 4-(trideuteromethylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone ((CD3) NNK), and evaluated their mutagenic activities in Salmonella typhimurium tester strains. In the presence of Aroclor induced rat liver 9000 g supernatant, NNK and (4,4-D2)NNK had comparable mutagenic activities towards S. typhimurium TA 1535 and TA 100, but (CD3)NNK was inactive in both strains. These results suggest that hydroxylation of the methyl group of NNK is more important than hydroxylation of carbon ...

1983-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

301

Improved therapeutic efficacy against murine carcinoma by combining honokiol with gene therapy of PNAS-4, a novel pro-apoptotic gene.

Calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs) are widely expressed in mammalian tissues, including intestinal epithelia, where they facilitate fluid secretion. Potent, selective CaCC inhibitors have not been available. We established a high-throughput screen for identification of inhibitors of a human intestinal CaCC based on inhibition of ATP/carbachol-stimulated iodide influx in HT-29 cells after lentiviral infection with the yellow fluorescent halide-sensing protein YFP-H148Q/I152L. Screening of 50,000 diverse, drug-like compounds yielded six classes of putative CaCC inhibitors, two of which, 3-acyl-2-aminothiophenes and 5-aryl-2-aminothiazoles, inhibited by >95% iodide influx in HT-29 cells in response to multiple calcium-elevating agonists, including thapsigargin, without inhibition of calcium elevation, calcium-calmodulin kinase II activation, or cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channels. ...

2007-12-14

302

The comparative effects of oil dispersants and oil/dispersant conjugates on germination of the marine macroalga Phyllospora comosa (Fucales: Phaeophyta)

PNAS-4, a novel pro-apoptotic gene activated during the early response to DNA damage, can inhibit proliferation via apoptosis when overexpressed in some tumor cells. Recent studies have indicated that honokiol can induce apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, and suppress tumor growth. In the present study, we investigated whether mouse PNAS-4 (mPNAS-4) could augment the apoptosis of tumor cells induced by honokiol in vitro, and whether the antiangiogenic activity of honokiol and induction of apoptosis by mPNAS-4 could work cooperatively to improve the antitumor efficacy in vivo. In vitro, mPNAS-4 inhibited proliferation of murine colorectal carcinoma CT26 and Lewis lung carcinoma LL2 cells through induction of apoptosis, and significantly augmented the apoptosis of CT26 and LL2 cells induced by honokiol. Compared with treatment with mPNAS-4 or honokiol alone, in vivo systemic administration of an expression plasmid encoding ...

2009-06-04

303

Negative regulation of {beta}-catenin/Tcf signaling by naringenin in AGS gastric cancer cell

Germination inhibition of the marine macrophyte Phyllospora comosa was utilized as a sub-lethal end-point to assess and compare the effects of four oil dispersants and dispersed diesel fuel and crude oil combinations. Inhibition of germination by the water-soluble fraction of diesel fuel increased following the addition of each of the dispersants; the nominal 48-h EC{sub 50} concentration of diesel fuel declined from 6800 to approximately 400 {mu}l 1{sup -1} nominal for each dispersed combination. This contrasted with crude oil, where the addition of two dispersants resulted in an enhanced germination rate and an increase in nominal EC{sub 50} concentrations from 130 {mu}l 1{sup -1} for the undispersed crude to 4000 and 2500 {mu}l 1{sup -1}. The results indicate that, while germination inhibition of P. comosa may be enhanced by the chemical dispersal of oil response varies with type of both oil and oil dispersant. (author)

1995-04-01

304

Morusin induces apoptosis and suppresses NF-#kappa#B activity in human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells

Functional activation of {beta}-catenin/Tcf signaling plays an important role in early events in carcinogenesis. We examined the effect of naringenin against {beta}-catenin/Tcf signaling in gastric cancer cells. Reporter gene assay showed that naringenin inhibited {beta}-catenin/Tcf signaling efficiently. In addition, the inhibition of {beta}-catenin/Tcf signaling by naringenin in HEK293 cells transiently transfected with constitutively mutant {beta}-catenin gene, whose product is not phosphorylated by GSK3{beta}, indicates that its inhibitory mechanism was related to {beta}-catenin itself or downstream components. To investigate the precise inhibitory mechanism, we performed immunofluorescence, Western blot, and EMSA. As a result, our data revealed that the {beta}-catenin distribution and the levels of nuclear {beta}-catenin and Tcf-4 proteins were unchanged after naringenin treatment. Moreover, the binding activities of Tcf complexes to ...

2005-09-30

305

Metal cation inhibitors for controlling denting corrosion in steam generators. Final report. [PWR

Morusin is a pure compound isolated from root bark of Morusaustralis (Moraceae). In this study, we demonstrated that morusin significantly inhibited the growth and clonogenicity of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells. Apoptosis induced by morusin was characterized by accumulation of cells at the sub-G_1 phase, fragmentation of DNA, and condensation of chromatin. Morusin also inhibited the phosphorylation of IKK-#alpha#, IKK-#beta# and I#kappa#B-#alpha#, increased expression of I#kappa#B-#alpha#, and suppressed nuclear translocation of NF-#kappa#B and its DNA binding activity. Dephosphorylation of NF-#kappa#B upstream regulators PI3K, Akt and PDK1 was also displayed. In addition, activation of caspase-8, change of mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO, and activation of caspase-9 and -3 were observed at the early time point. Downregulation in the expression of Ku70 and XIAP was exhibited afterward. Caspase-8 ...

2008-07-18

306

In situ studies of imidazole and its derivatives as copper corrosion inhibitors. I. Activation energies and thermodynamics of adsorption

Metal cations of arsenic, antimony, tin, manganese, zinc, cadmium, indium, and thallium have been evaluated in a preliminary way as possible3 inhibitors for controlling denting corrision observed in steam generators used with pressurized water reactors (PWR). The rationale for this approach was based upon the well-known inhibition effects of metal cations on corrosion rates in electrolyte/metal systems. A review of corrosion inhibition by metal cations (H. Leidheiser, Jr., Corrosion 36, 339 (1982)) has identified eleven inhibition mechanisms. The major test methods used for this evaluation were: (1) Isothermal capsule tests of carbon/steel/Inconel 600 tube bulging rates at temperatures up to 288/sup 0/C in seawater/copper-nickel chloride bulge-accelerating solutions. (2) Immersion weight-loss tests of steel coupled to Inconel 600 in boiling (102/sup 0/C) 3% sodium chloride solutions. In addition, electrochemical measuremens ...

1982-12-01

307

In situ and ex situ studies of imidazole and its derivatives as copper corrosion inhibitors. 2. AC impedance, XPS, and SIMS studies

The objective of this work was to investigate the efficiency of imidazole and its derivatives 4-methylimidazone, 4-methyl-5-hydroxymethylimidazone, 1-phenyl-4-methylimidazone, and 1-(p-tolyl)-4-methylimidazole for corrosion inhibition of copper in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid. Corrosion inhibition was studied using potentiodynamic methods. These studies have shown that 1-(p-tolyl)-4-methylimidazole has the best inhibitory efficiency. Activation energies were obtained by measuring the temperature dependence of the corrosion current. The activation energies in the presence of the various inhibitors are low (3--5 kJ/mol), with the best inhibitor showing the highest value. The adsorptive behavior of the imidazole derivatives on the copper electrode surface follows a Freundlich-type isotherm. The standard free energies of adsorption are also low (14--16 kJ/mol), indicating that imidazole and its derivatives physisorb on the copper surface. Possible ...

2000-02-01

308

Comparison of in vitro disc diffusion and time kill-kinetic assays for the evaluation of antimicrobial wound dressing efficacy.

The objective of this work was to investigate the efficiency of imidazole derivatives for corrosion inhibition of copper in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid. Corrosion inhibition was studied using impedance spectroscopy. Imidazole and its derivatives 4-methylimida-zole, 4-methyl-5-hydroxymethylimidazole, 1-phenyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-(p-tolyl)-4-methylimidazole were investigated. These studies have shown that 1-(p-tolyl)-4-methylimidazole is the best inhibitor in this series and that it acts as mixed inhibitor. The nature of the chemical interaction between these molecules and the copper surface was investigated by Cu exposed to solutions having two very different pH values: 0.5 M HCl and unbuffered purified water. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry were used to explore the nature of the interaction. Possible mechanisms of corrosion inhibition for these molecules are discussed.

2000-03-01

309

Assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1) and HER2 (ErbB2) protein expression levels and response to lapatinib (Tykerb, GW572016) in an expanded panel of human normal and tumour cell lines

There is a plethora of new silver-containing dressings on the market today. Various manufacturers attempt to show that their dressings are the most efficacious and therefore should be preferentially employed by health care workers based on the results of their in vitro tests. However, there have been no studies that clearly identify which tests are appropriate for comparison purposes. The purpose of this study was to determine which in vitro test is most appropriate for evaluating the antimicrobial efficacy of silver-containing dressings. This was done by testing seven silver-containing dressings and two non-silver-containing topical agents against 17 clinically relevant microorganisms using zone of inhibition assays and time-kill kinetic assays in complex media. The results for the two assays were then correlated to determine whether the methods generated similar results. It was determined that the two methods do not correlate at all. This is most likely a result ...

310

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract. Objective: Lapatinib (Tykerb, GW572016), a potent inhibitor of the catalytic activities of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (ErbB2), inhibits population growth of selected EGFR and HER2 overexpressing cell lines. Previous studies with a small number of cell lines suggest a correlation between overexpression of EGFR and/or HER2 and sensitivity to growth inhibition by lapatinib; however, the precise determinants of lapatinib selectivity for tumour and/or other cells remain unclear. Materials and methods: To clarify the determinants of its selectivity in cultured cells, lapatinib-induced cell population growth inhibition and relative EGFR and HER2 protein expression were quantified in 61 different human tumour cell lines fro...

2007-01-01

311

Artesunate in combination with oxacillin protect sepsis model mice challenged with lethal live methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) via its inhibition on proinflammatory cytokines release and enhancement on antibacterial activity of oxacillin

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Sepsis induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has worse outcome because of multiresistance to a large group of antibiotics, which may lead to death from septic shock. In the present study, we firstly found that artesunate in combination with oxacillin was capable of protecting mice challenged with live MRSA WHO-2 (WHO-2) and the protection was related to the reduced TNF-a and IL-6 levels and decreased bacterial load. Based on above results, artesunate was further investigated from two aspects in vitro, anti-inflammation effect and antibacterial enhancement effect on antibiotics. Artesunate not only inhibited TNF-a and IL-6 release but also inhibited mRNA and protein expressions of TLR2 and Nod2, two important receptors, in murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated wit...

2011-01-01

312

A low temperature synthesized NbC as grain growth inhibitor for WC-Co composites

pH and iodide ion effect on corrosion inhibition of histidine self-assembled monolayer on copper

Niobium carbide can be used to inhibit WC grain growth in hardmetal. The performance of a NbC powder produced at low temperature by solid-gas reaction (an experimental powder) as WC grain growth inhibitor is compared with that of a commercial NbC powder. It is verified that NbC effectively inhibits heterogeneous WC coarsening. This results in an increase in hardness. The commercial and experimental NbC powders exhibit a comparable performance in inhibiting the WC grain coarsening, in spite of a significant difference in particle size and shape. The commercial NbC powder is very fine while the experimental one is coarse and porous, but its crystallites are finer than those of the commercial product. The milling procedure used to prepare the alloys is able to reduce the particle size of the experimental NbC, and thus guarantee a dispersion of the particles with a quality level comparable to that found for the alloy prepared ...

2000-11-30

313

The kinetic model of the shikimate pathway as a tool to optimize enzyme assays for high-throughput screening.

Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of histidine (His) was prepared on copper surface at various pH values. The effect of KI additives on corrosion protection efficiency of His SAM was also studied. The protection abilities of these films against copper corrosion in 0.5 M HCl aqueous solution were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization techniques. The results show that the film formed on the electrode is more stable at pH = 10 than that at other pH values. When the iodide ions were added into the His self-assembly solution (pH = 10), protection efficiency was further improved. The inhibition mechanism has been discussed by quantum chemical calculations.

2010-03-01

314

The effect of extraction temperature, time and number of steps on the antioxidant capacity of methanolic banana peel extracts

Four-enzyme section of the shikimate pathway (Aro B, D, E, and K) of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been studied. Kinetic properties of the individual enzymes and three- and four-enzyme linked reactions have been characterized in vitro. On the basis of the data measured in spectrophotometric and LC-MS experiments, kinetic mechanisms of the enzymes have been suggested and all kinetic parameters have been identified. Kinetic models for these three- and four-enzyme sections of the shikimate pathway have been constructed and validated. The model of the four-enzyme section of shikimate pathway has been employed to design an inhibition-sensitive reconstituted pathway for a high-throughput screening effort on the shikimate pathway. It was demonstrated that using the model it was possible to optimize this reconstituted pathway in such a way to provide equal sensitivity of the enzymes to inhibition. PMID:16921527

2006-11-01

315

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A solvent extraction method was developed to obtain methanolic extracts rich in antioxidants from banana peel. Central composite design ''2^3+star'' and response surface methodology were used in order to optimise the number of extraction steps, extraction temperature and extraction time. The number of extractions was statistically the most significant factor in scavenging activity against both DPPH? and ABTS?^+ radicals and in the inhibition of TBARS formation, while the extraction temperature had an important impact on the capacity to prevent b-carotene bleaching. However, the effect of the extraction time on antioxidant activity was less important. The optimum values of the factors that influence the capacity to scavenge DPPH? and ABTS?^+ radicals or to inhibit b-carotene bleaching were ...

2010-01-01

316

Sulfation of chitosan oligomers enhances their anti-adipogenic effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Inhibition of adipogenesis and lipid accumulation has a very crucial role to prevent obesity. Low molecular weight (LMW) chitosan is known to inhibit fat accumulation and adipogenesis. (N,O)-sulfated chitosan is a sulfation derivative of chitosan oligomers, and its anti-obesity effect is not yet reported. In this study, it has been reported that (N,O)-sulfated chitosan significantly decreased lipid accumulation, an indicator for adipogenesis, in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells. Furthermore, mRNA expressions and protein levels of key adipogenic markers such as peroxisome prolifetor-activated receptor (PPAR)-@c and CCAAT-enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)-@a were considerably decreased by (N,O)-sulfated chitosan treatment. As a consequence, sulfation of LMWC remarkably increased its ...

2011-01-01

317

Some sulfonamide drugs inhibit ATPase activity of heat shock protein 90: investigation by docking simulation and experimental validation

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Eight selected sulfonamide drugs were investigated as inhibitors of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). The investigation included simulated docking experiments to fit the selected compounds within the binding pocket of Hsp90. The selected molecules were found to readily fit within the ATP-binding pocket of Hsp90 in low-energy poses. The sulfonamides torsemide, sulfathiazole, and sulfadiazine were found to inhibit the ATPase activity of Hsp90 with IC50 values of 1.0, 2.6, and 1.5 mM, respectively. Our results suggest that these well-established sulfonamides can be good leads for subsequent optimization into potent Hsp90 inhibitors.

2011-01-01

318

Sodium gluconate as corrosion and scale inhibitor of ordinary steel in simulated cooling water

Sodium gluconate as corrosion and scale inhibitor of ordinary steel in simulated cooling water

The effect of sodium gluconate anion (SG) on the corrosion and scale inhibition of ordinary steel in simulated cooling water has been studied using weight loss, polarisation curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. SG was studied in concentration from 10{sup -4} M to 10{sup -1} M. Results obtained reveal that SG perform excellently as corrosion and scaling inhibitor for ordinary steel in simulated cooling water. An increase of SG concentration leads to the increase of the corrosion potential towards the positive direction. The inhibition efficiency was a low temperature dependence. The inhibitor mechanism was treated as an adsorption process according to Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The SEM/EDAX data show that was a corrosion and scale inhibitor.

2008-06-15

319

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of sodium gluconate anion (SG) on the corrosion and scale inhibition of ordinary steel in simulated cooling water has been studied using weight loss, polarisation curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. SG was studied in concentration from 10-4M to 10-1M. Results obtained reveal that SG perform excellently as corrosion and scaling inhibitor for ordinary steel in simulated cooling water. An increase of SG concentration leads to the increase of the corrosion potential towards the positive direction. The inhibition efficiency was a low temperature dependence. The inhibitor mechanism was treated as an adsorption process according to Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The SEM/EDAX data show that was a corrosion and scale inhi...

2008-01-01

320

Self-inhibited rate in gas-solid noncatalytic reactions. The shrinking core model

Pilot testing of sodium thiosulfate for oxidation/scaling inhibition in lime/limestone flue gas desulfurization systems

The shrinking core model is examined for gas-solid noncatalytic reactions with a self-inhibited rate form and it is shown that multiple reaction pathways are possible for solid particles reacted under identical conditions. The observed reaction rate can have up to two discontinuities (jumps) during reaction for particles of spherical and cylindrical shape. The geometric instability analysis reveals that the reaction interface is stable under a very limited set of conditions only for solid particles of slab geometry. For a sphere or cylinder at large Biot numbers the reaction interface is always potentially unstable. This model provides a plausible explanation for gas-solid reactions which exhibit erratic shrinking core behavior.

1984-02-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

321

On character of organic additives effect on pitting corrosion rate of steel-Kh25T at various potentials

Pilot plant tests have been conducted to evaluate sodium thiosulfate as an oxidation inhibition additive in five lime/limestone slurry flue gas desulfurization processes. It was found that the oxidation rate of absorbed sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) was reduced by more than 50 percent in the presence of 100 to 200 ppm of thiosulfate ion in the scrubbing slurry. Calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) scaling was eliminated and the unsaturated (with respect to gypsum) operation mode was maintained by the addition of sodium thiosulfate. Other benefits of sodium thiosulfate addition observed at the pilot plant included improvement in solids dewatering properties for limestone processes.

1985-01-01

322

Modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory mediators by an extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and its phytoconstituents

The dependence of the inhibiting action of some surface active organic substances (SAOS) on the pitting- formation potential epsilonsub(p) has been investigated for the steel Kh25T. The study has been performed by potentiostatic method using the H_2SO_4 0.1-n-solution doped by NaCl, Na_2SO_4, in the presence of SAOS of different classes. As epsilonsub(p) shifts in positive direction from +0.6 to +1.1 V, the inhibiting action of the SAOS series (o-oxyquinoline) increases gradually till some critical potential above which SAOS favour pitting destruction of steel. This phenomenon should be considered in anodic protection in SAOS-doped solutions.

323

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory property of de-glycyrrhizinated extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root and its phytoconstituents (glabridin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizin) on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Materials and methods Inhibitory effect of G. glabra extract and its phytoconstituents were studied on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in J774A.1 murine macrophages. Results G. glabra and isoliquiritigenin significantly inhibited LPS stimulated NO, IL-1 beta and IL-6 production. Glabridin showed significant inhibition of NO and IL-1 beta release, but failed to attenuate IL-6 levels at the tested concentrations. In addition, glycyrrhizin did not exhibit inhibitory response towar...

2011-01-01

324

Lipase-mediated hydrolysis of corn DDGS oil: Kinetics of linoleic acid production

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this study, we investigated the kinetics of linoleic acid production via lipase-mediated hydrolysis of corn DDGS oil in a batch reactor with continuous mechanical agitation and developed a kinetic model that incorporated the product inhibition to study the complete hydrolysis. The model agreed very well with observed data; though situations with low enzyme dosage or low stirring rates were modeled successfully without product inhibition, actual product concentration in such situations was too low to exert any inhibitory effects. Increasing the enzyme concentration increased hydrolysis, and beyond certain enzyme concentrations, effects tended to fade away because of excessive enzyme desorption from the interface. An enzyme dosage within the range of 40-60KLU/L of oil dispersion could be ...

2010-01-01

325

Isomeric states and spin polarization in A approx. 90 nuclei

Inhibition of heat shock protein 27 (HspB1) tumorigenic functions by peptide aptamers

The observed inhibition of M4 transitions in A approx. 90 nuclei has represented a long standing theoretical problem. In particular by calculating first- and second-order configuration mixing contributions to the inhibited M4 lifetimes of /sup 89/Y and /sup 87/Sr, it is found that the first-order perturbative treatment of the residual interaction usually used in shell-model calculations is unjustified in this case. Using random-phase approximation techniques, the renormalization effects of collective (''giant'') M4 resonances in /sup 88/Sr on the low energy M4 transitions in /sup 89/Y and /sup 87/Sr are investigated. It is concluded that the observed retardation of M4 lifetimes in these nuclei is consistent with the manifestation of nuclear spin polarization.

1980-04-01

326

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Human heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27, HspB1) is an anti-apoptotic protein characterized for its tumorigenic and metastatic properties, and now referenced as a major therapeutic target in many types of cancer. Hsp27 biochemical properties rely on a structural oligomeric and dynamic organization. Downregulation by small interfering RNA or inhibition with dominant-negative mutant have proven their efficiency to counteract the anti-apoptotic and protective properties of Hsp27. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of Hsp27-targeted molecules interfering with its structural organization. Using the peptide aptamer (PA) strategy, we isolated PAs that specifically interact with Hsp27 and not with the other members of the small heat shock protein family. In mammalian cell cultur...

2011-01-01

327

Inhibiting pitting corrosion in carbon steel exposed to dilute radioactive waste slurries

Immunosuppressant calcineurin inhibitors phase shift circadian rhythms and inhibit circadian responses to light

Dilute caustic high-level radioactive waste slurries can induce pitting corrosion in carbon steel. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests were conducted in simulated and actual waste solutions to determine minimum concentrations of sodium nitrate which inhibit pitting in ASTM A537 class 1 steel exposed to these solutions. Susceptibility to pitting was assessed through microscopic inspection of specimens and inspection of polarization scans. Long-term coupon immersion tests were conducted to verify the nitrite concentrations established by the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests. The minimum effective nitrite concentration is expressed as a function of the waste nitrate concentration and temperature.

1991-01-01

328

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

PP2B is a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase that is ubiquitously expressed in mammals. Among other actions, it is an effector mechanism in NMDA-mediated glutamate neurotransmission as well as a regulator of GSK3? and MAPK signaling cascades. Because all of these mechanisms have demonstrable roles in the control of circadian rhythyms, we hypothesized that PP2B would be a key regulator of rhythm generation and entrainment, and that through inhibition of its phosphatase activity, the circadian system would be affected by immunosuppressant drug therapy. We report here that immunosuppressant drugs (cyclosporin A, FK506) (1) block the circadian responses to light that underlie photic entrainment; (2) produce circadian phase shifts with a characteristic nonphotic profile; and (3) disr...

2008-01-01

329

Fluorocarbons and cardiac arrhythmia: does difluorodichloromethane (FC 12) inhibit cardiac metabolism

Evidence for involvement of the astrocytic benzodiazepine receptor in the mechanism of action of convulsant and anticonvulsant drugs

Certain fluorocarbons, such as difluorodichloromethane (FC 12), depress the cardiovascular system by diminution of all the transmembrane ionic conductances in cardiac tissues. Does FC 12 also inhibit active transport and thus enzymatic activity and cellular energy. We measured phosphocreatine (PC), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMPc) in rat hearts. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; 2 control groups: one breathing a mixture of oxygen (21%) and nitrogen (79%) (group C) and the other breathing the same mixture but simultaneously perfused with 1 microgram/kg/min. epinephrine (groupe E-C); 2 trial groups T and E-T where nitrogen was replaced by FC 12. The maximal FC 12 concentration of 720 micrograms/ml in arterial blood produced no significant difference in the concentrations of these three metabolites compared with controls.

1986-01-01

330

Energy saving dc-dc converter circuit

The anticonvulsant drugs carbamazepine, phenobarbital, trimethadione, valproic acid and ethosuximide at pharmacologically relevant concentrations inhibit (/sup 3/H)diazepam binding to astrocytes in primary cultures but have much less effect on a corresponding preparation of neurons. Phenytoin as well as pentobarbital (which is not used chronically as an anticonvulsant) are equipotent in the two cell types. The convulsants picrotoxinin and pentylenetetrazol, the convulsant benzodiazepine RO 5-3663 and the two convulsant barbiturates DMBB and CHEB similarly inhibit diazepam binding to astrocytes but have little effect on neurons. On the basis of these findings it is suggested that these convulsants and anticonvulsants owe at least part of their effect to an interaction with the astrocytic benzodiazepine receptor, perhaps by interference with a calcium channel.

1988-01-01

331

Effect of vanadate on proton-sucrose cotransport in Ricinus cotyledons

An energy saving dc-dc converter circuit is disclosed having two energy efficient means which operate in tandem, an energy conserving means and a voltage doubling means. These energy efficient means are applied in combination with elements commonly found in dc-dc converter circuits, namely an ac voltage generator, a transformer for stepping up the generated ac voltage, and means for storing the converted dc voltage. The energy conserving means is connected to the dc voltage storage means. It comprises a resettable inhibit circuit which cuts off the provision of dc voltage for conversion for a predetermined interval when the output of the converter exceeds a predetermined level. The voltage doubling means is reponsive to outputs of the inhibit circuit of the energy conserving means and the ac voltage generator. It provides a phase inverted waveform of the generated ac voltage on one of two leads to the ac voltage step-up transformer.

1982-06-22

332

The effects of orthovanadate on the uptake of sucrose by Ricinus cotyledons and on sucrose-coupled proton influx were measured in order to gain insight into the relationship to the plasma membrane proton pump. Vanadate had no effect on short-term sucrose uptake. In long-term experiments (> 30 min) sucrose uptake was progressively inhibited, but only at high external sucrose concentrations. Vanadate did not affect proton efflux pumping in the absence of sucrose and neither did it change the initial rate of sucrose-coupled proton influx. However, it enhanced the maximal level of sucrose-induced alkalization of the medium at all sucrose concentrations tested. This is interpreted as an inhibiting effect of vanadate on the proton pump that recycles protons during sucrose-proton cotransport. The sensitivity towards vanadate indicates that this proton pump is an ATPase. A second proton-translocating system, that is insensitive to vanadate, is ...

1987-07-01

333

Control rod drives

Comparison of antioxidant abilities of magnolol and honokiol to scavenge radicals and to protect DNA

Purpose: To secure the reactor operation safety by the provision of a fluid pressure detecting section for control rod driving fluid and a control rod interlock at the midway of the flow pass for supplying driving fluid to the control rod drives. Constitution: Between a driving line and a direction control valve are provided a pressure detecting portion, an alarm generating device, and a control rod inhibition interlock. The driving fluid from a driving fluid source is discharged by way of a pump and a manual valve into the reactor in which the control rods and reactor fuels are contained. In addition, when the direction control valve is switched and the control rods are inserted and extracted by the control rod drives, the pressure in the driving line is always detected by the pressure detection section, whereby if abnormal pressure is resulted, the alarm generating device is actuated to warn the abnormality and the control rod inhibition ...

334

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The antioxidant properties of magnolol and honokiol were evaluated in the experimental systems of reducing ONOO^- and ^1O"2, bleaching @b-carotene in linoleic acid (LH) emulsion, and trapping 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) cationic radical (ABTS^+?) and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and then were applied to inhibit the oxidation of DNA induced by Cu^2^+/glutathione (GSH) and 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH). Magnolol and honokiol were active to reduce ONOO^- and ^1O"2. Honokiol showed a little higher activity to protect LH and to inhibit Cu^2^+/GSH-induced oxidation of DNA than magnolol. In addition, honokiol exhibited higher activities to trap ABTS^+? and DPPH than magnolol. In particular, honokiol trapped 2.5 radicals while magnolol o...

2011-01-01

335

Brain glucose sensing and neural regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Glucose homeostasis requires the tight regulation of glucose utilization by liver, muscle and white or brown fat, and glucose production and release in the blood by liver. The major goal of maintaining glycemia at -5 mM is to ensure a sufficient flux of glucose to the brain, which depends mostly on this nutrient as a source of metabolic energy. This homeostatic process is controlled by hormones, mainly glucagon and insulin, and by autonomic nervous activities that control the metabolic state of liver, muscle and fat tissue but also the secretory activity of the endocrine pancreas. Activation or inhibition of the sympathetic or parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous systems are controlled by glucose-excited or glucose-inhibited neurons located at different anatomical sites, mainl...

2011-01-01

336

Biosorption of scandium and yttrium from solutions

Aluminum Tolerance in Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)

The usage of biosorbents allows separation of scandium and yttrium from each other and from Fe, Al, Ti, Si, and Ca in hydrometallurgical processing of ores and wastes. It was shown that sorption of scandium and yttrium increased with the increase of pH of solution. Initial rate of scandium sorption depended on the biomass type; however 85-98% of scandium was sorbed within 10-30 min with most biomass types tested. The presence of aluminium, iron (III), and titanium in the solution inhibited sorption of scandium and particularly yttrium. After four cycles of sorption, 98.8% of scandium and 87% of yttrium was extracted from red mud leach solution by the biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus terreus, respectively. Selectively of the process of scandium and yttrium recovery could be achieved during sorption and also desorption, when solubilization of sorbed associated elements was inhibited by high pH values. (Author).

337

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) is widely distributed in the acid soil region of Southern China, where great potential of aluminum (Al) toxicity exists. To evaluate the Al tolerance of Moso bamboo, seed germination and root elongation were compared with two rice cultivars, and physical and physiological damages were examined under various levels of Al stress. Results showed that Moso bamboo seed germination was inhibited when Al concentration increased to 500 ?M, and the median lethal concentration was 2,000??M. Comparatively, the rice seed germination was not inhibited even at a concentration of 2,000??M Al. Aluminum accumulated mainly in the cell wall of root apices, and entered into protoplasts as treating time prolonged and/or Al concentration increased, which resulted in apoptos...

2011-01-01

338

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF MAGNOLIA OFFICINALIS EXTRACTS IN VITRO AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE PRESERVATION OF CHILLED MUTTON

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The inhibitory effect of the extract from Magnolia officinalis (MOE) against L. monocytogenes, S. faecalis, E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. aureus and B. anthracis by paper-diffusion methods and the characterization of the mutton immersed in different concentrations of the MOE during storage were evaluated in this paper. The results showed that MOE could significantly inhibit the growth of S. aureus, S. faecalis, B. anthracis and E. coli, and their MIC was 0.02-mg/mL, 0.03-mg/mL, 0.05-mg/mL and 0.10-mg/mL, respectively. MOE showed weak inhibition for the S. typhimurium. The mutton treated with 2%, 4% and 6% MOE resulted in suppression in the increase of total volatile base nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and the growth of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas. The cooled m...

2011-01-01

339

5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic acid-induced destruction of mitochondria in human prostate cells (PC-3).

Study on the effectiveness of some decontamination agents against skin contamination of "1"3"7Cs and "6"0Co

Culturing human prostate PC-3 cells for 4, 24, or 72 h in the presence of 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), an inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism and cholesterol biosynthesis, markedly altered the morphology and reduced the number of mitochondria in the treated cells. Using quantitative electron microscopic morphometry, we documented changes in the number, form, area, matrix density, and integrity of the cristae and limiting membranes of mitochondria in cells cultured with ETYA. The inhibition of cholesterol synthesis or the substitution of ETYA for polyunsaturated fatty acids in the inner membrane may participate in the disruption of the mitochondria, which resembles the morphologic sequelae of oxidative stress. If sufficiently extensive, these changes could contribute to the inhibition of cellular proliferation by ETYA.

1992-01-01

340

Analysis of the direct contamination pathway of "8"5Sr, "1"0"3Ru and "1"3"4Cs in radish

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of some decontamination agents against skin contamination of "6"0Co and "1"3"7Cs, the experiments were carried out in this study. In the experiments, pig skin was used instead of human skin, "6"0CoCl_2 and "1"3"7CsCl were used the liquid sources of skin contamination. To examine the effectiveness of decontamination agents, skin decontamination was tried using soup, EDTA, DAERICON which was developed for decontamination of radionuclides on the surface of building structure, and new decontamination agents such as IOCON, TRICON, and CHARCON, which were developed in this study. The absorption of radionuclides through the skin was evaluated by the gamma-ray detection on the surface of sample skin after radionuclides were penetrated into the skin during 16 hour soiling time. The results of this absorption experiment indicated that 11.5% and 3.2% of initial amounts of "1"3"7Cs and "6"0Co, ...

1998-03-01

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341

Treatment of low-frequency pulsating magnetic field on amorphous alloy Fe_7_8Si_9B_1_3

For analyzing the direct contamination pathway of the radionuclide in radish, a solution containing "8"5Sr, "1"0"3Ru and "1"3"4Cs was sprayed to the aerial part of the plant in a greenhouse at 5 different times before harvest. Plant interception factor showed little difference among radionuclides and increased with decreasing time interval between application and harvest with the maximum value of 0.86. The fractions of the initial deposition that remained in the radish plant at harvest were in the range of 16#approx#37% for "8"5Sr, 15#approx#68% for "1"0"3Ru and 35#approx#58% for "1"3"4Cs. The remaining fraction was the highest in "1"3"4Cs at earlier applications while it was the highest in "1"0"3Ru at later applications. Translocation factors of "8"5Sr, "1"0"3Ru and "1"3"4Cs were in the range of 3.2x10"-"3#approx#1.7x10"-"2 , 7.3x10"-"4#approx#2.6x10"-"2 and 6.6x10"-"2#approx#1.7x10"-"2, respectively, ...

2000-05-01

342

Toxicity of radioactive wastes generated from PEACER spent fuel

Effect of low-frequency pulsating magnetic field on the microstructure and magnetic properties of amorphous alloy Fe_7_8Si_9B_1_3 were investigated. The temperature rise induced by the treatment was measured by a non-contact infrared thermometer. The crystallization behavior and microstructure of specimens were studied by Moessbauer spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Magnetic properties of the specimens were investigated by alternating gradient magnetometer (AGM). The results show that the low-frequency pulsating magnetic field can promote the single-phase crystallization of amorphous alloy Fe_7_8Si_9B_1_3. The frequency, f of applied field is from 10 to 40 Hz, magnetic field, H is from 0.02 to 0.04 T and treatment duration, t is from 180-300 s. The volume fraction of crystallization phase (#alpha#-Fe(Si), the grain size, 2-10 nm) is 3-7%. The temperature rise less than 7 deg. C. Magnetic properties of samples are improved ...

2007-07-15

343

Toxicity of Radioactive Wastes Generated from PEACER in Korea

Assessment on the back end fuel cycle, in PEACER (Proliferation-resistant Environmental-friendly Accident-tolerant Continuable and Economical Reactor) that was designated as a new transmutation concept, was performed. Recovery system of uranium and TRU for PEACER is based on pyroprocessing. In the assessment of Long-Lived Fission Products (LLFP) wastes, initially "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs are dominant contributor nuclides until 30 years and especially "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs have the highest activity and decay heat than other LLFP. In this study, recovery of "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs is recommended for reducing of wastes loading. The acceptable decontamination factor is investigated by the toxicity of PEACER spent fuel. The acceptable decontamination factor is about 1.02E+05 for the actinides from PEACER spent fuel after 10 years cooling, 4.26E+05 after 100 years cooling, 1.97E+04 after 300 years cooling, 9.52E+03 after 1000 years cooling.

2003-10-01

344

The origin of natural gas and the hydrocarbon charging history of the Yulin gas field in the Ordos Basin, China

Assessment on the back end fuel cycle, in PEACER (Proliferation-resistant Environmental-friendly Accident-tolerant Continuable and Economical Reactor) that was designated as a new transmutation concept, was performed. Recovery system of uranium and TRU for PEACER is based on pyro-processing. In the assessment of long-lived fission products (LLFP) wastes, initially "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs are dominant contributor nuclides until 30 years and especially "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs have the highest activity and decay heat than other LLFP. In this study, recovery of "9"0Sr and "1"3"7Cs is recommended for reducing of wastes loading. The acceptable decontamination factor is investigated by the toxicity of PEACER spent fuel. The acceptable decontamination factor is about 1.02 E+05 for the actinides from PEACER spent fuel after 10 years cooling, 4.26 E+05 after 100 years cooling, 1.97 E+04 after 300 years cooling, 9.52 E+03 after 1000 years ...

2006-06-04

345

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The genetic type, source and charging history of natural gas in the Yulin gas field in the Ordos Basin have been studied by combining the carbon isotopic composition of natural gas and geochemical characteristics of light hydrocarbons with carbon isotope fractionation model results and fluid inclusion analysis. The carbon isotopic composition of methane and ethane in the Yulin gas field is relatively enriched in ^1^3C with d^1^3C1 values ranging from -35.3%% to -29.8%% (average value=-32.4%%) and d^1^3C2 ranging from -26.3%% to -23.5%% (average value=-24.8%%). The C7 light hydrocarbons are predominated by methylcyclohexane, accounting for 65.8% to 80.9% (average value=71.6%), which is characteristic of coal-derived gas. Furthermore, the gas geochemistry indicates that, although marine lime...

2010-01-01

346

Solid deuterium centrifuge pellet injector

Silver(I), mercury(II) and palladium(II) complexes of functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes: Synthesis, structural studies and catalytic activity

Pellet injectors are needed to fuel long pulse tokamak plasmas and other magnetic confinement devices. For this purpose, an apparatus has been developed that forms 1.3-mm-diam pellets of frozen deuterium at a rate of 40 pellets per second and accelerates them to a speed of 1 km/s. Pellets are formed by extruding a billet of solidified deuterium through a 1.3-mm-diam nozzle at a speed of 5 cm/s. The extruding deuterium is chopped with a razor knife, forming 1.3-mm right circular cylinders of solid deuterium. The pellets are accelerated by synchronously injecting them into a high speed rotating arbor containing a guide track, which carries them from a point near the center of rotation to the periphery. The pellets leave the wheel after 150/sup 0/ of rotation at double the tip speed. The centrifuge is formed in the shape of a centrifugal catenary and is constructed of high strength KEVLAR/epoxy composite. This arbon has been ...

1982-01-01

347

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A series of NHC silver(I), mercury(II) and palladium(II) complexes, [(1,3-diethylbimy)6Ag4I3]I (2), [(1-benzyl-3-picolylbimy)Ag2Br2]n (3), [(1-benzyl-3-picolylbimy)HgI(CH2CN)]2 (4), {[(1-picolyl-3-npropylbimy)2Hg][Hg2I6]}n (5) and [(1,3-dipicolylbimy)PdCl]Cl (6), as well as one anionic complex [1,3-diethylbimidazolium]2[HgI4] (1) (bimy=benzimidazol-2-ylidene), have been prepared and characterized. Interestingly, a wind wheel-like Ag4I3 arrangement in 2 is formed, 1D polymeric chain containing 12-membered macrometallocycles and quadrangle Ag2Br2 units in 3 is generated, and the a-carbon atom of deprotonated acetonitrile ([CH2CN]-) in 4 participates in coordination with mercury(II) atom. In the crystal packings of complexes 1-6, 2D supramolecular layers or 3D supramolecular architectures are...

2011-01-01

348

Preparation and characterization of lithium-ion-conductive Li{sub 1.3}Al{sub 0.3}Ti{sub 1.7}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} thin films by the solution deposition

Preparation and characterization of lithium-ion-conductive Li_1_._3Al_0_._3Ti_1_._7(PO_4)_3 thin films by the solution deposition

Li{sub 1.3}Al{sub 0.3}Ti{sub 1.7}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} thin films were successfully prepared by the solution deposition using lithium acetate, aluminum nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and titanium butoxide as starting materials. The structure, surface morphology, electrochemical window, and ionic conductivity of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance. The results showed that Li{sub 1.3}Al{sub 0.3}Ti{sub 1.7}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} thin films annealed between 750 deg. C and 900 deg. C prepared by this method were well crystallized, homogenous and crack-free. The electrochemical window was beyond 2.4 V and the ionic conductivity was approximately 1.57x10{sup -5} S/cm at room temperature for the film annealed at 800 deg. C for 30 min.

2003-02-03

349

Novel recombinant insulin analogue with flexible C-terminus in B chain. NMR structure of biosynthetic engineered A22^G-B31^K-B32^R human insulin monomer in water/acetonitrile solution

Li_1_._3Al_0_._3Ti_1_._7(PO_4)_3 thin films were successfully prepared by the solution deposition using lithium acetate, aluminum nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and titanium butoxide as starting materials. The structure, surface morphology, electrochemical window, and ionic conductivity of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance. The results showed that Li_1_._3Al_0_._3Ti_1_._7(PO_4)_3 thin films annealed between 750 deg. C and 900 deg. C prepared by this method were well crystallized, homogenous and crack-free. The electrochemical window was beyond 2.4 V and the ionic conductivity was approximately 1.57x10"-"5 S/cm at room temperature for the film annealed at 800 deg. C for 30 min.

2003-02-03

350

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A tertiary structure of recombinant A22^G-B31^K-B32^R-human insulin monomer (insulin GKR) has been characterized by ^1H, ^1^3C NMR at natural isotopic abundance using NOESY, TOCSY, ^1H/^1^3C-GHSQC, and ^1H/^1^3C-GHSQC-TOCSY spectra. Translational diffusion studies indicate the monomer structure in water/acetonitrile (65/35vol.%). CSI analysis confirms existence of secondary structure motifs present in human insulin standard (HIS). Both techniques allow to establish that in this solvent recombinant insulin GKR exists as a monomer. Starting from structures calculated by the program CYANA, two different refinement protocols used molecular dynamics simulated annealing with the program AMBER; in vacuum (AMBER_VC), and including a generalized Born solvent model (AMBER_GB). From these calculation...

2011-01-01

351

Enzymatic synthesis and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance conformational studies of disaccharides containing #beta#-D-galactopyranosyl and #beta#-D-[1-"1"3C]Galactopyranosyl residues

Changes in brain development of rat fetus exposed to "1"3"7Cs #gamma# rays in different pregnant periods of the female rats

Partially purified UDPgalactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.22) from bovine milk has been used to synthesize millimolar amounts of compounds such as Gal#beta#(1#->#4)Glc, Gal#beta#(1#->#4)GlcNAc-#beta#-hexanolamine, and Gal#beta#(1#->#4)-GlcNAc#beta#(1#->#4)GlcNAc. The same method has been used to prepare similar compounds containing "1"3C-enriched galactopyranosyl moieties. Gal#beta#(1#->#4)GlcNAc-#beta#-hexanolamine was also synthesized in a solid-phase system in which the GlcNAc-#beta#-hexanolamine glycoside was covalently linked to agarose beads. At pH 7.0 and at 1 to 5 mM Mn"2"+"+ the yields of the galactosyl saccharides are greater than 90% by using 10% excess of UDPGal donor. The use of a 90% enriched [1-"1"3C]galactosyl residue allowed the determination of the most abundant conformer about the galactopyranosyl-glycoside linkage by analysis of the carbon-carbon coupling constants from Cl to Gal to the C3', C4', and C5' of GlcNAc ...

352

Atomic masses of "6Li,"2"3Na,"3"9","4"1K,"8"5","8"7Rb, and "1"3"3Cs

Pregnant rats in 11d and 16d of their pregnancy were given one-off whole body exposure by "1"3"7Cs #gamma# rays to 0.2, 0.4, 0.9 and 2.0 Gy, respectively. Changes were observed in conditioned drinking response and cerebrum hippocampi cone cell number of the baby rats exposed to the #gamma# rays in different periods of their embryo development. As a result, that pregnant rats exposed to "1"3"7Cs #gamma# rays in different pregnant periods may induce significant decrease in cerebrum hippocampi cone cell number and achieving rate of conditioned drinking response of the babies. The dose-response relationship can be described by Y=a-b log_1_0D. The achieving rate of conditioned drinking response were significantly correlated to cerebrum hippocampi cone cell number in the babies, and the achieving rate of conditioned drinking response of the babies exposed at pregnant 11d was lower than others exposed at pregnant 16d

2004-08-01

353

#beta#-delayed proton decays near the proton drip line

The atomic masses of the alkali-metal isotopes "6Li,"2"3Na,"3"9","4"1K,"8"5","8"7Rb, and "1"3"3Cs have been obtained from measurements of cyclotron frequency ratios of pairs of ions simultaneously trapped in a Penning trap. The results, with one standard deviation uncertainty, are: M("6Li)=6.015 122 887 4(16)u,M("2"3Na)=22.989769 282 8(26)u,M("3"9K)=38.963 706 485 6(52)u,M("4"1K)=40.961 825 257 4(48)u,M("8"5Rb)=84.911 789739(9)u,M("8"7Rb)=86.909 180 535(10)u, and M("1"3"3Cs)=132.905 451 963(13)u. Our mass of "6Li yields an improved neutron separation energy for "7Li of 7251.1014(45) keV.

2010-10-01

354

"2"1"1At-Rh(16-S4-diol) - initial complex of radiopharmaceuticals labelled with astatine

In order to improve the measuring efficiency, a 'proton-gamma' coincidence technique in combination with a He-jet tape transport system was proposed and employed to identify the #beta#-delayed proton precursors. The study of #beta#-delayed proton decays near the proton drip line by using the 'proton-gamma' coincidence technique over the last 5 years at the Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China, was summarized. New #beta#-delayed proton precursors "1"2"1Ce, "1"2"5Nd, "1"2"8Pm, "1"2"9Sm, "1"3"5Gd, "1"3"7Gd, "1"3"9Dy, "1"4"2Ho, and "1"4"9Yb in the rare-earth region along a speculated proton drip line were synthesized and identified for the first time. The #beta#-delayed proton decays of "8"1Zr, "8"5Mo, "8"9Ru, and "9"3Pd in T_z=1/2 series as well as "9"2Rh in T_z=1 series were observed.

2002-04-02

355

Zinc electrode and rechargeable zinc-air battery

Paper describes a new procedure to synthesize a pharmaceutical containing "2"1"1At. "2"1"1At"- anion was found to bind strongly with Rh"3"+ cation complexing with a thio-ether ligand - 1,5,9,13-tetratiacyclohexadecane-3,11-diol (16-S4-diol). One made use of "1"3"1I isotope to seek for the optimal conditions of the reaction. The derived complexes were studied by means of the paper electrophoresis, the ion exchange, the surface chromatography. One studied the kinetics of "1"3"1I"- anion binding with Rh(16-S4-diol), the dependence of the yield of "1"3"1I-Rh(16-S4-diol) forming complex on the temperature. the acidity of the reaction mixture and the concentration of the reagents. On the basis of the determined conditions of the synthesis one prepared "2"1"1At-Rh(16-S4-diol) complex by more astatide ("2"1"1At"-) to the equivalent amounts of RhCl_3 and tetra-thio-ether (16-S4-diol). One studied its behaviour

356

Up-Regulation of the RhoA/Rho-Kinase Signaling Pathway in Corpus Cavernosum from Endothelial Nitric-Oxide Synthase (NOS), but Not Neuronal NOS, Null Mice

This patent describes an improved zinc electrode for a rechargeable zinc-air battery comprising an outer frame and a porous foam electrode support within the frame which is treated prior to the deposition of zinc thereon to inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites on the external surface thereof. The outer frame is provided with passageways for circulating an alkaline electrolyte through the treated zinc-coated porous foam. A novel rechargeable zinc-air battery system is also disclosed.

1989-06-27

357

Thermogalvanic effects on the pitting corrosion of water-cooled heat exchangers

We tested the hypothesis that the basal release of nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial cells modulates contractile activity in the corpus cavernosum (CC) via inhibition of the RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling...Full Text Available

2010-04-01

358

Theoretical studies of Cerro Prieto brines chemical equilibria

Thermogalvanic corrosion of St3 steel in a temperature range from 25 to 50{degrees}C with a 3.84{degrees}C/cm gradient was studied in a neutral media flow. It is shown that the thermogalvanic effect on the pitting corrosion of water-cooled heat exchangers is decisive but dual. Depending on the composition of the cooling medium, thermogalvanic corrosion may either enhance (0.5 M NaCl) or inhibit (tap water) pitting corrosion.

1995-05-01

359

The effect of ethanol on "3"5-S-TBPS binding to mouse brain membranes in the presence of chloride

A chemical equilibrium model is used, implemented in a compact FORTRAN package called HITEQ, to investigate possible mineral deposition related to prereinjection treatment of Cerro Prieto brines for silica removal. Large saturation ratios of the treated brines with respect to several minerals are indicated by these computations. As a remedy, an inexpensive CO/sub 2/ removal scheme aimed at inhibiting carbonate mineral precipitation is proposed. This scheme is quantitatively discussed with the aid of HITEQ. It is concluded that the proposed treatment is both technically and economically feasible.

1980-02-01

360

TGFB1-Induced Extracellular Expression of TGFBIp and Inhibition of TGFBIp Expression by RNA Interference in a Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Line

The effect of in vitro and in vivo administration of ethanol on the binding of "3"5S-t-butyl-bicyclophosphorothionate ("3"5S-TBPS) to cortical brain membranes of C57B1 mice was investigated using KCl (100 mM) containing assay media. The in vitro addition of ethanol produced a dose-dependent inhibition of basal "3"5S-TBPS binding. In the presence of chloride ions, GABA and pentobarbital had a biphasic action (stimulation followed by inhibition) on "3"5S-TBPS binding, whereas diazepam only stimulated the binding. Ethanol reduced the stimulatory effects of GABA and pentobarbital in a dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on the enhancement of "3"5S-TBPS binding produced by diazepam. "3"5S-TBPS binding to cortical brain membranes was inhibited by the putative Cl"- channel blocking agent DIDS. This inhibitory action of DIDS was significantly, and dose-dependently reduced by ethanol (#<=# 100 mM ethanol). Chronic ethanol ...

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361

Synthesis and stereochemical effects of pyrrolidinyl-acetylenic thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines as EGFR and ErbB-2 inhibitors

Purpose.To report the increased production of extracellular transforming growth factor β-induced protein (TGFBIp) by human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) after induction...Full Text Available

2011-02-01

362

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A novel class of pyrrolidinyl-acetyleneic thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines has been identified which potently inhibit the EGFR and ErbB-2 receptor tyrosine kinases. Synthetic modifications of the pyrrolidine carbamate moiety result in a range of effects on enzyme and cellular potency. In addition, the impact of the absolute stereochemical configuration on cellular potency and oral mouse pharmacokinetics is described.

2009-01-01

363

Structural features underlying selective inhibition of protein kinase CK2 by ATP site-directed tetrabromo-2-benzotriazole

Structural Chemistry of Human SET Domain Protein Methyltransferases

Two novel crystal structures of Zea mays protein kinase CK2α catalytic subunit, one in complex with the specific inhibitor 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB) and another...Full Text Available

2001-11-01

364

Sorbent for use in hot gas desulfurization

There are about fifty SET domain protein methyltransferases (PMTs) in the human genome, that transfer a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to substrate lysines on histone tails or other peptides. A number of structures in complex with cofactor, substrate, or inhibitors revealed the mechanisms of substrate recognition, methylation state specificity, and chemical inhibition. Based on these structures, we review the structural chemistry of SET domain PMTs, and propose general concepts towards the development of selective inhibitors.

2011-08-22

365

Simvastatin suppresses LPS-induced MMP-1 expression in U937 mononuclear cells by inhibiting protein isoprenylation-mediated ERK activation

A multiple metal oxide sorbent supported on a zeolite of substantially silicon oxide is used for the desulfurization of process gas streams, such as from a coal gasifier, at temperatures in the range of about 1200.degree. to about 1600.degree. F. The sorbent is provided by a mixture of copper oxide and manganese oxide and preferably such a mixture with molybdenum oxide. The manganese oxide and the molybdenum are believed to function as promoters for the reaction of hydrogen sulfide with copper oxide. Also, the manganese oxide inhibits the volatilization of the molybdenum oxide at the higher temperatures.

1993-01-01

366

Silver nanoparticles inhibit VEGF-and IL-1?-induced vascular permeability via Src dependent pathway in porcine retinal endothelial cells

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) plays a crucial role in periodontal disease and is up-regulated by oral Gram-negative, pathogen-derived LPS. In this study, we reported that simvastatin, a 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA...Full Text Available

2008-10-01

367

Silencing of Hepatic Fatty Acid Transporter Protein 5 in Vivo Reverses Diet-induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Improves Hyperglycemia*S?

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-induced vascular permeability, and...Full Text Available

368

Selective Expression in Carotid Body Type I Cells of a Single Splice Variant of the Large Conductance Calcium- and Voltage-activated Potassium Channel Confers Regulation by AMP-activated Protein Kinase*

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a serious health problem linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes. To investigate the biological outcome and therapeutic potential of hepatic fatty acid uptake inhibition,...Full Text Available

2008-08-08

369

Regulatory T cells inhibit stable contacts between CD4⁺ T cells and dendritic cells in vivo

Inhibition of large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK_Ca) channels mediates, in part, oxygen sensing by carotid body type I cells. However, BK_Ca channels remain active...Full Text Available

2011-04-08

370

Regulation of expression of a soybean storage protein subunit gene. Progress report

Regulatory T (T reg) cells exert powerful down-modulatory effects on immune responses, but it is not known how they act in vivo. Using intravital two-photon laser scanning microscopy we determined that,...Full Text Available

2006-03-20

371

Quantum mechanical interpretation for the role of polyamines in acid corrosion inhibition

We have found that the methionine repression of the ..beta..-subunit gene expression is not due to degradation of the ..beta..-subunit but is due to an effect on synthesis of the ..beta..-subunit. The effect of methionine on the synthesis of the ..beta..-is due to an inhibition of ..beta..-subunit mRNA synthesis. 3 references, 1 figure.

1984-04-23

372

Protective Effects of a Human 18-Kilodalton Cationic Antimicrobial Protein (CAP18)-Derived Peptide against Murine Endotoxemia

The inhibitor action of unbranched polyamines on corrosion of low-carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid is studied through potentiostatic polarization curves. It is shown that the inhibitor efficiency I depends on the polyamine concentration and molecular structure. The quantum-mechanical calculations of molecular properties are accomplished through the MNDO method. Correlation between the measured I and physicochemical properties of the polyamine inhibitors in protonized and nonprotonized form is found with application of the general perturbation theory

373

Proteasome Inhibition in Human Breast Cancer Cells with High Catechol-O-methyltransferase Activity by Green tea polyphenol EGCG analogs

CAP18 (an 18-kDa cationic antimicrobial protein) is a granulocyte-derived protein that can bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibit various activities of LPS in vitro. The present study examined the...Full Text Available

1998-05-01

374

Preparation and abrasion resistance of transparent super-hydrophobic coating by combining crater-like silica films with acicular boehmite powder

A pro-drug 8 of a synthetic analog 7 is more active in its anti-proliferative activity against human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells possessing high Catechol-O-methyltransferase...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

375

Preferential antitumor effect of the Src inhibitor dasatinib associated with a decreased proportion of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1-positive cells in breast cancer cells of the basal B subtype

A super-hydrophobic coating was prepared by combining a rigid base film with crater-like hemispherical holes and acicular nanoparticles. The acicular boehmite powder provides a high contact angle on the film surface. The rigid base film with crater-like hemispherical holes inhibits the rapid decrease of contact angle by surface rubbing. The combination of different roughness is an effective method for improving the abrasion resistance of super-hydrophobic films.

2009-04-15

376

Pitting corrosion resistance of silicon-implanted stainless steels

BackgroundRecent studies have suggested that the Src inhibitor dasatinib preferentially inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells of the basal-like subtype. To clarify this finding...Full Text Available

377

Photolysis of the novel inotropes EMD 57033 and EMD 57439: evidence that Ca2+ sensitization and phosphodiesterase inhibition depend upon the same enantiomeric site.

The pitting corrosion resistance of three different types of stainless steel implanted with silicon is investigated using the potentiokinetic polarization technique. The specimens are tested in 3% NaCl and 0.1 N HCl solutions. Silicon ion implantation inhibits pitting corrosion of the steels in both aqueous media. The corrosion resistance depends on the silicon dose. Post implantation annealing only slightly alters the localized corrosion. (author).

378

Perlinhibin, a Cysteine-, Histidine-, and Arginine-Rich Miniprotein from Abalone (Haliotis laevigata) Nacre, Inhibits In Vitro Calcium Carbonate Crystallization

1. We studied the effects of flash photolysis on the novel enantiomeric cardiac inotropes EMD 57033 (a calcium sensitizer) and EMD 57439 (a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor) in rat isolated ventricular...Full Text Available

1996-08-01

379

OLDER USERS' PERSPECTIVES ON MOBILITY - RELATED, ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

We have isolated a 4.785 Da protein from the nacreous layer of the sea snail Haliotis laevigata (greenlip abalone) shell after demineralization with acetic acid. The sequence of 41...Full Text Available

2007-08-15

380

Environmental Research Database

ObjectivesObjectives Not AvailableDescriptionOne significant research challenge posed by the growing number of older people in the population concerns the mobility-related problems which increase with age, inhibit independence, and can be a prime cause of admission to expensive institutional settings. The scope for engineering advances, particularly in the field of rehabilitation and assistive technology, is immense. The challenge is to produce aids, devices and products that are attractive to older people themselves, since without such [continued...

2000-01-31

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381

Nonuniqueness of self-propagating spiral galaxy models

Monocyte responses to sulfatide from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: inhibition of priming for enhanced release of superoxide, associated with increased secretion of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, and altered protein phosphorylation.

We demonstrate the nonuniqueness of the basic assumptions leading to spiral structure in self-propagating star formation models. Even in the case where star formation occurs purely spontaneously and does not propagate, we have generated spiral structure by adopting the radically different assumption where star formation is systematically inhibited.

1984-05-15

382

Molecular basis of factor VIII inhibition by human antibodies. Antibodies that bind to the factor VIII light chain prevent the interaction of factor VIII with phospholipid.

In monocytes, sulfatide, a lipid from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, blocked priming for enhanced release of superoxide (O2-) by the macrophage activating factors lipopolysaccharide, gamma interferon,...Full Text Available

1991-08-01

383

MicroRNA Let-7f Inhibits Tumor Invasion and Metastasis by Targeting MYH9 in Human Gastric Cancer

Most antibodies to factor VIII have recently been shown to react with discrete regions of the factor VIII light chain (within the C2 domain) and/or the factor VIII heavy chain (within the amino-terminal...Full Text Available

1989-06-01

384

Method of removing entrained particles from flue gas and composition of matter

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators that play key roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. A previous report has shown that let-7 family members can act as...Full Text Available

385

Mechanism for the anti-thyroid action of minocycline

A composition of matter to treat particles entrained in flue gas, is described comprising: a caustic liquid used to adjust resistivity of the entrained particles; and inert particulate matter supporting the caustic liquid for inhibiting chemical action of the caustic liquid until used to adjust the resistivity of the entrained particles, the inert particulate matter supporting sufficient caustic liquid to adjust the resistivity of the entrained particles.

1988-04-19

386

Mastering a mediator: blockade of CCN-2 shows early promise in human diabetic kidney disease

Administration of minocycline (MN), a tetracycline antibiotic, produces a black pigment in the thyroids of humans and several species of experimental animals and antithyroid effects in rodents. We have previously shown that these effects appear to be related to interactions of MN with thyroid peroxidase (TPO), the key enzyme in thyroid hormone synthesis. In the present study, the mechanisms for inhibition of TPO-catalyzed iodination and coupling reactions by MN were investigated. 37 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

1997-01-01

387

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In diabetes complications, CCN-2 (known originally as CTGF) has been implicated in diabetic nephropathy both as a marker and a mediator of disease. This commentary addresses CCN-2 in diabetic nephropathy, in the context of the recent publication of the first human study to inhibit CCN-2 bioactivity in diabetic kidney disease.

2010-01-01

388

Magnesium Sensitizes Slow Vacuolar Channels to Physiological Cytosolic Calcium and Inhibits Fast Vacuolar Channels in Fava Bean Guard Cell Vacuoles1

Locked nucleic acid modified DNA enzymes targeting early growth response-1 inhibit human vascular smooth muscle cell growth

Vacuolar ion channels in guard cells play important roles during stomatal movement and are regulated by many factors including Ca²⁺, calmodulin, protein kinases, and phosphatases....Full Text Available

1999-11-01

389

Lack of the Long Pentraxin PTX3 Promotes Autoimmune Lung Disease but not Glomerulonephritis in Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration are key processes that occur in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and post-angioplasty restenosis. In the present study, we designed locked nucleic...Full Text Available

2004-01-01

390

Isoprenylation is required for the processing of the lamin A precursor

The long pentraxin PTX3 has multiple roles in innate immunity. For example, PTX3 regulates C1q binding to pathogens and dead cells and regulates their uptake by phagocytes. It also inhibits P-selectin-mediated...Full Text Available

391

Isolation and characterization of a novel lectin from the mushroom Armillaria luteo-virens

The nuclear lamina proteins, prelamin A, lamin B, and a 70-kD lamina-associated protein, are posttranslationally modified by a metabolite derived from mevalonate. This modification can be inhibited by treatment with (3-R,S)-3-fluoromevalonate, demonstrating that it is isoprenoid in nature. We have examined the association between isoprenoid metabolism and processing of the lamin A precursor in human and hamster cells. Inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase by mevinolin (lovastatin) specifically depletes endogenous isoprenoid pools and inhibits the conversion of prelamin A to lamin A. Prelamin A processing is also blocked by mevalonate starvation of Mev-1, a CHO cell line auxotrophic for mevalonate. Moreover, inhibition of prelamin A processing by mevinolin treatment is rapidly reversed by the addition of exogenous mevalonate. Processing of prelamin A is, therefore, dependent on ...

1990-05-01

392

Involvement of protein kinase C in the mechanism of action of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) in a human colonic carcinoma cell line, COLO-205

From the dried fruiting bodies of the mushroom Armillaria luteo-virens, a dimeric lectin with a molecular mass of 29.4 kDa has been isolated. The purification procedure involved (NH{sub 4}){sub 2}SO{sub 4} precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, and Q-Sepharose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin could not be inhibited by simple sugars but was inhibited by the polysaccharide inulin. The activity was stable up to 70 {sup o}C but was acid- and alkali-labile. Salts including FeCl{sub 3}, AlCl{sub 3}, and ZnCl{sub 2} inhibited the activity whereas MgCl{sub 2}, MnCl{sub 2}, and CaCl{sub 2} did not. The lectin stimulated mitogenic response of mouse splenocytes with the maximal response achieved by 1 {mu}M lectin. Proliferation of tumor cells including MBL2 cells, HeLa cells, and L1210 cells was ...

2006-07-14

393

Intravenous Formulation of HET0016 for Inhibition of Rat Brain 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (20-HETE) Formation

The present study was undertaken to determine the involvement of calcium-protein kinase C pathway in the mechanism of action of Escherichia coli heat stable enterotoxin (STa) apart from STa-induced activation of guanylate cyclase in human colonic carcinoma cell line COLO-205, which was used as a model cultured cell line to study the mechanism of action of E. coli STa. In response to E. coli STa, protein kinase C (PKC) activity was increased in a time-dependent manner with its physical translocation from cytosol to membrane. Inhibition of the PKC activity in membrane fraction and inhibition of its physical translocation in response to IP_3-mediated calcium release inhibitor dantrolene suggested the involvement of intracellular store depletion in the regulation of PKC activity. Among different PKC isoforms, predominant involvement of calcium-dependent protein kinase C (PKC#alpha#) was specified using isotype-specific pseudosubstrate, which showed ...

2005-08-01

394

Interferon-? Targets Cancer Cells and Osteoclasts to Prevent Tumor-associated Bone Loss and Bone Metastases*S?

N-Hydroxy-N′-(4-n-butyl-2-methylphenyl)formamidine (HET0016) is a potent inhibitor of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) formation by specific cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms....Full Text Available

2008-11-01

395

Inhibitor of DNA synthesis is present in normal chicken serum

Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) has been shown to enhance anti-tumor immunity and inhibit the formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. We evaluated the role of IFN-γ in bone metastases,...Full Text Available

2009-02-13

396

Inhibition of Melanoma Growth by Subcutaneous Administration of hTERTC27 Viral Cocktail in C57BL/6 Mice

The authors have found that heat-inactivated serum (57/sup 0/C for 1 hour) from normal chickens reduces the proliferation of mitogen-stimulated chicken and murine splenocytes as well as some transformed mammalian lymphoblastoid cell lines. Greater than a 50% reduction in /sup 3/H-thymidine incorporation was observed when concanavalin A (Con A)-activated chicken splenocytes that were cultured in the presence of 10% autologous or heterologous serum were compared to mitogen-stimulated cells cultured in the absence of serum. Normal chicken serum (10%) also caused greater than 95% suppression of /sup 3/H-thymidine incorporation by bovine (EBL-1 and BL-3) and gibbon ape (MLA 144) transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines. The only cell line tested that was not inhibited by chicken serum was an IL-2-dependent, murine cell line. Chicken serum also inhibited both /sup 3/H-thymidine incorporation and IL-2 synthesis by Con A-activated murine splenocytes. ...

1986-03-05

397

In vitro atrazine-exposure inhibits human natural killer cell lytic granule release

BackgroundhTERTC27 is a 27 kDa C-terminal polypeptide of human telomerase reverse transcriptase that has previously been shown to reduce tumorigenicity of HeLa cells and suppress...Full Text Available

398

Improvements in or relating to refractory oxide protective coatings for fuel can

The herbicide atrazine is a known immunotoxicant and an inhibitor of human natural killer (NK) cell lytic function. The precise changes in NK cell lytic function following atrazine exposure have not been fully elucidated. The current study identifies the point at which atrazine exerts its affect on the stepwise process of human NK cell-mediated lyses of the K562 target cell line. Using intracellular staining of human peripheral blood lymphocytes, it was determined that a 24-h in vitro exposure to atrazine did not decrease the level of NK cell lytic proteins granzyme A, granzyme B or perforin. Thus, it was hypothesized that atrazine exposure was inhibiting the ability of the NK cells to bind to the target cell and subsequently inhibit the release of lytic protein from the NK cell. To test this hypothesis, flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy were employed to analyze NK cell-target cell co-cultures following atrazine exposure. These assays ...

2007-06-01

399

Hypoxia down-regulates sFlt-1 (sVEGFR-1) expression in human microvascular endothelial cells by a mechanism involving mRNA alternative processing

An improved coating for Advanced Gas Cooled Nuclear Reactor austenitic stainless steel fuel cans is described which, tests have shown, inhibits the deposition of carbon on the cans in carbon-containing ionising radiation environments. The coating comprises a refractory oxide which has been prepared by a vapour phase condensation method, in combination with a noble metal. (U.K.).

400

How does immune challenge inhibit ingestion of palatable food? Evidence that systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment modulates key nodal points of feeding neurocircuitry

sFlt-1 (soluble Flt-1) potently inhibits angiogenesis by binding extracellularly to VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). In the present paper, we report that hypoxia down-regulates sFlt-1 expression...Full Text Available

2011-06-01

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401

Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits advanced glycation end product-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-? and matrix metalloproteinase-13 in human chondrocytes

Immune challenge induces behavioral changes including reduced ingestion of palatable food. Multiple pathways likely contribute to this effect, including viscerosensory pathways controlling hypothalamic...Full Text Available

2008-11-01

402

General corrosion of ALLOY 800 in high temperature water and its prevention

IntroductionThe major risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA) is aging, but the mechanisms underlying this risk are only partly understood. Age-related accumulation of advanced glycation...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

403

General corrosion of ALLOY 800 in high temperature water and its prevention

General corrosion behavior of ALLOY 800 in high temperature water was studied in relation to its surface film structure. The surface film formed in water was found to decrease the corrosion rate of ALLOY 800. This film is composed of Ni ferrite, and can be obtained by oxidation in air or steam. Based on these results, air or steam oxidation treatment to inhibit Ni and Co release of ALLOY 800 into high temperature water is proposed. (author).

1989-10-01

404

Expression of a functional VEGFR-1 in tumor cells is a major determinant of anti-PlGF antibodies efficacy

General corrosion behavior of ALLOY 800 in high temperature water was studied in relation to its surface film structure. The surface film formed in water was found to decrease the corrosion rate of ALLOY 800. This film is composed of Ni ferrite, and can be obtained by oxidation in air or steam. Based on these results, air or steam oxidation treatment to inhibit Ni and Co release of ALLOY 800 into high temperature water is proposed. (author).

405

Effect of phlorizin on sugar uptake by broadbean leaf discs. [Vica faba L

PlGF, one of the ligands for VEGFR-1, has been implicated in tumor angiogenesis. However, more recent studies indicate that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PlGF signaling does not result in...Full Text Available

2011-07-12

406

Effect of Lanthanum on Ion Absorption in Corn Roots ¹

Phlorizin is a competitive inhibitor of Na/sup +//glucose symport in animal cells and of H/sup +//3-O-methylglucose (3-O-MeG) symport in liverworts. The effects of this compound on the uptake of (U-/sup 14/C) sucrose and of (/sup 14/C) 3-O-MeG by broadbean (Vicia faba L.) leaf discs were studied. Leaf discs without lower epidermis were preincubated in the dark for 30 min (fresh discs) or for 12 h (aged discs) on a medium buffered at pH 5.0 containing mannitol as an osmoticum. They were then incubated for 30 min in the light on a similar solution added with 1 mM (/sup 14/C) sucrose or (/sup 14/C) 3-O-MeG and 5 mM phlorizin. Phlorizin inhibited uptake of 3-O-MeG by 37 and 50% respectively in fresh and aged discs. Sucrose uptake was more sensitive to the inhibitor than 3-O-MeG uptake and was also more inhibited in aged than in fresh discs (76% inhibition vs 54%). Kinetic studies showed that the inhibition ...

1986-04-01

407

Effect of KI on improving copper corrosion inhibition efficiency of benzotriazole in sulfuric acid electrolytes

Short term (10 min) influx of ⁸⁶Rb-labeled potassium into corn (Zea mays L. WF9 × M14) root segments was inhibited by La (NO₃)₃ or LaCl₃....Full Text Available

1975-03-01

408

Deriving four functional anti-HIV siRNAs from a single Pol III-generated transcript comprising two adjacent long hairpin RNA precursors

A synergistic effect exists when benzotriazole (BTAH) and iodide ions are used together to prevent the corrosion of copper in sulfuric acid. The nature of this effect has been studied systematically by using electrochemical techniques and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synergistic effect is due largely to the formation of a film of Cu(IBTA) complex and is probably polymeric in nature. This new complex film greatly depresses copper dissolution.

1993-10-01

409

Cordycepin Blocks Lung Injury-Associated Inflammation and Promotes BRCA1-Deficient Breast Cancer Cell Killing by Effectively Inhibiting PARP

Several different approaches exist to generate expressed RNA interference (RNAi) precursors for multiple target inhibition, a strategy referred to as combinatorial (co)RNAi. One such approach makes...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

410

Comparison of toxicity to terrestrial plants with algal growth inhibition by herbicides

Cordycepin has been shown to interfere with a myriad of molecular processes from RNA elongation to kinase activity, and prevents numerous inflammatory processes in animal models. Here we show in a mouse...Full Text Available

2011-09-01

411

Catestatin (chromogranin A_344-364) is a novel cardiosuppressive agent: inhibition of isoproterenol and endothelin signaling in the frog heart

The toxicities of 21 different herbicides to algae (Selenastrum capricornutum and Chlorella vulgaris) and to terrestrial plants (radishes, barley, and bush beans or soybeans) were compared to order to determine the feasibility of using a short-term (96-h) algal growth inhibition test for identifying chemicals having potential toxicity in a 4-week terrestrial plant bioassay. The toxicity of each test chemical, usually in combination with a commercial formulation, was evaluated at six nominal concentrations, between 0 and 100 mg/L growth medium in the algal bioassay or between 0 and 100 mg/kg substate in the terrestrial plant bioassay, in terms of both (1) the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC), i.e., the highest concentration tested at which no significant (P < 0.05, one-sided test) reduction in algal growth rate or in terrestrial plant yield, relative to controls, was observed; and (2) the concentration at which algal growth rate or terrestrial plant yield ...

1984-10-01

412

Basis for the Specificity and Activation of the Serpin Protein Z-dependent Proteinase Inhibitor (ZPI) as an Inhibitor of Membrane-associated Factor Xa*

The catecholamine release-inhibitory catestatin [Cts; human chromogranin (Cg) A_352-372, bovine CgA_344-364] is a vasoreactive and anti-hypertensive peptide derived...Full Text Available

2008-07-01

413

Activation of mGluR7s Inhibits Cocaine-Induced Reinstatement of Drug-Seeking Behavior by a Nucleus Accumbens Glutamate-mGluR2/3 Mechanism in Rats

The serpin ZPI is a protein Z (PZ)-dependent specific inhibitor of membrane-associated factor Xa (fXa) despite having an unfavorable P1 Tyr. PZ accelerates the inhibition reaction ∼2000-fold...Full Text Available

2010-06-25

414

Activation and Stiffness of the Inhibited States of F₁-ATPase Probed by Single-molecule Manipulation

The metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7) has been reported to be involved in cocaine and alcohol self-administration. However, the role of mGluR7 in relapse to drug seeking is unknown....Full Text Available

2010-09-01

415

A newly synthesized glycine derivative to control uniform and pitting corrosion processes of Al induced by SCN"- anions - Chemical, electrochemical and morphological studies

F₁-ATPase (F₁), a soluble portion of F_oF₁-ATP synthase (F_oF₁), is an ATP-driven motor in which γϵ subunits rotate in...Full Text Available

2010-04-09

416

A Small-Molecule p53 Activator Induces Apoptosis through Inhibiting MDMX Expression in Breast Cancer Cells12

A newly synthesized glycine derivative (termed GlyD), 2-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride, was used to inhibit uniform and pitting corrosion processes of Al in 0.50 M KSCN solutions (pH 6.8) at 25 "oC. For uniform corrosion inhibition study, Tafel extrapolation, linear polarization resistance and impedance methods were used, complemented with SEM examinations. An independent method of chemical analysis, namely ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry) was also used to test validity of corrosion rate measured by Tafel extrapolation method. GlyD inhibited uniform corrosion, even at low concentrations, reaching a value of inhibition efficiency up to 97% at a concentration of 5 x 10"-"3 M. Results obtained from the different corrosion evaluation techniques were in good agreement. This new synthesized glycine derivative was also used to control pit nucleation and ...

2010-10-01

417

A Single Domain Llama Antibody Potently Inhibits the Enzymatic Activity of Botulinum Neurotoxin by Binding to the Non-Catalytic Alpha-Exosite Binding Region

The tumor suppressor p53 is often inactivated in breast cancer cells because the overexpression of its repressors (e.g., MDM2 and MDMX). Restoration of p53 activity by small molecules through counteracting...Full Text Available

2011-07-01

418

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Regulates CD3-mediated T Cell Receptor Signaling in Leukemia through the Inhibition of ZAP-70 Kinase*

Ingestion or inhalation of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) results in botulism, a severe and frequently fatal disease. Current treatments rely on antitoxins, which while effective cannot reverse...Full Text Available

2010-04-09

419

The geometry of lie algebras and broken SO(6) symmetries

The ζ chain-associated 70-kDa protein (ZAP-70) of tyrosine kinase plays a critical role in T cell receptor-mediated signal transduction and the immune response. A high level of ZAP-70 expression...Full Text Available

2008-10-17

420

CERN Document Server

Non-linear realisations of the groups SU(2), SO(1,4) and SO(2,4) are analysed, described by the coset spaces SU(2)/U(1), SO(1,4)/SO(1,3) and SO(2,4)/SO(1,3) x SO(1,1). The Lie algebras of certain special unitary and special orthogonal groups are studied and their projection operators are determined in order to facilitate the above analyses, in particular that of SO(2,4)/SO(l,3) x SO(1,1). The analysis consists of determining the transformation properties of the Goldstone bosons, constructing the most general possible Lagrangian for the realisations and finding the metric of the coset space.

2001-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

421

Syntheses, X-ray crystal structures, and spectroscopic properties of new nickel dithiolenes and related compounds

Real-time neutron diffraction study of crystallization kinetics in amorphous Fe_7_8B_1_3Si_9 alloy

The direct addition of nickel powder to the reaction mixtures of 1,3-dialkyl-4,5-dioxoimidazolidine-2-thione (1) with the thionation Lawesson reagent produces [Ni{sup II}(R{sub 2}timdt{sup -}){sub 2}] (R{sub 2}timdt = 1,3-dialkylmidazolidine-2,4,5-trithione). These complexes belong to a new class of nickel-dithiolenes, showing remarkably high absorption ({epsilon} {approx} 80 000 dm{sup 3} mol{sup -1} cm{sup -1}, {lambda} {approx} 1000 nm) in the near-infrared region (near-IR), accompanied by high photochemical stability that makes these complexes promising near-IR dyes.

1997-03-12

422

Nonlinear conductivity with an extremely small threshold electric field in the organic conductor (TSM-TTP)(I3)5/3

The transformation from the as-quenched amorphous to the crystalline state in Fe_7_8B_1_3Si_9 alloy has been investigated using a new-type neutron diffractometer. The time resolved diffraction patterns clearly show that this alloy crystallizes into FeSi alloy and Fe_2B in that order. The time evolution of these crystalline phases can be analyzed by the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation with the exponent of about 2.5 over a wide temperature range. This suggests that the crystallization occurs by the diffusion-controlled growth with a constant nucleation rate. The scaling behavior in the crystallization kinetics is also discussed. (author).

1987-01-01

423

Ligand Tuning in Asymmetric Hydrovinylation of 1,3-Dienes. A Stereoselective Route to either Steroid-C20 (S) or -C20 (R) Derivatives

(TSM-TTP)(I3)5/3 is a 1/6 -filled one-dimensional system composed of an extended donor molecule which has two tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) units in a molecule, where TSM-TTP is 2,5-bis[4,5-bis(methylseleno)-1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene]-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene. Nonlinear conductivity is observed in the insulating state below 20K , and the metallic state is restored above a very small threshold electric field of 0.3V/cm at 4.2K . The extremely sensitive nonlinearity is ascribed to the inhomogeneous insulating state generated by the weak and disordered anion potentials on the otherwise highly conducting intramolecular charge order state in the double-TTF molecule.

2007-06-01

424

Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) retroperitoneal adrenalectomy using a homemade single-access platform and standard laparoscopic instruments

1,3-Dienes derived from steroidal D-ring C17-ketones undergo Ni(II)-catalyzed hydrovinylation to give 1,2- or 1,4-addition of ethylene. Using finely tuned phosphoramidite ligands it is possible to synthesize either the C20 (R)- or the C20 (S)-derivatives without mutual contamination. The proportion of the 1,4-adduct, which is also formed stereoselectively, can be minimized by optimizing the reaction conditions. Since the two alkenes in the resultant dienes have differing steric demands for many potential reactions, and are ideally juxtaposed for further D-ring functionalization, these intermediates could be useful for the preparation of biologically important compounds such as vitamin D analogs and various antitumor steroidal glycosides.

2008-06-21

425

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background This study aimed to evaluate laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) adrenalectomy via the retroperitoneal approach using the Alexis wound retractor with standard laparoscopic instrumentation. Methods Since October 2009, seven LESS retroperitoneal adrenalectomies have been completed successfully with a homemade single port created using an Alexis wound retractor as an access platform through a 3-cm incision beneath the tip of the 12th rib. Results All the LESS procedures for these seven patients with adrenal tumors (size, 1.3?6.0?cm; 4 right, 1 left) were completed successfully without traditional laparoscopic conversion or complication. The average operative time was 159?min, and the estimated blood loss was 100?ml. The average hospital stay was 2?days (range, 1?3?days). Conclusion...

2011-01-01

426

Investigation of the dielectric properties of MnO-additive Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)-PbTiO3 relaxors prepared by two different methods

Estimating Field Volatility of Soil Fumigants Using CHAIN_2D: Mitigation Methods and Comparison Against Chloropicrin and 1,3-Dichloropropene Field Observations

In this paper, 0.75Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3-0.25PbTiO3-0.15 wt% MnO (0.75PFW-0.25PT-0.15 wt% MnO) ceramics are synthesized by two different methods, the conventional direct oxide synthesized (DS) method and two-step indirect synthesized (IS) method. The low-field dielectric responses are investigated by using the empirical law, the Curie-Weiss law, the modified-Landau theory and the spin-glass model. Due to the IS method, the lattice structure and the grain structure of the samples are changed. Furthermore, the dielectric properties are evidently modified. It is suggested that the ordering degree of B-site cations is enhanced by using the IS synthesized method.

2008-07-28

427

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Academic, government, and industrial field researchers have generated a significant database of field studies of the volatility of soil applied fumigants. However, limited work exists in validating physical models against field volatility data sets and fully exploring the volatility parametric response surface. Field studies quantifying atmospheric flux for soil fumigants 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin are validated against the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA Salinity Laboratory) soil physics model CHAIN_2D that was modified specifically for agronomic uses of soil fumigants. Comparison between model predictions and field observations for six unique field trials in five different states indicate that CHAIN_2D effectively captures the magnitude and duration of fumigant em...

2010-01-01

428

Approach to the homoerythrina alkaloids using a tandem N-alkylation/azomethine ylide cycloaddition.

1,3 Propanediol and its copolymers: Research, development and industrialization

Synthetic efforts toward the homoerythrina alkaloids 1-3 are described. Two separate model systems guided the pivotal [3 + 2] azomethine ylide cycloaddition cascade to form the A-C rings of these alkaloids. The cycloaddition precursors 63 and 68, prepared in nine and ten steps, respectively, from alkyne 47, each contain an enolizable ketone, a tethered electrophile, and an electron-poor dipolarophile. Heating 63 and 68 with the stannyl amine 17 generated demethoxyschelhammeridine 65 and demethoxyschelhammericine 70, the products of intramolecular azomethine ylide cycloadditions. Subsequent attempts to install the C-3 methoxy group of 1-3 are also described. PMID:17465572

2007-04-28

429

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract 1,3 Propanediol (PDO), is now taking the transition from a traditional specialty chemical to a commodity chemical . The market for PDO is growing rapidly as the technology develops. With the advancing PDO production technology, polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) as a new type of polyester has been applied in carpet and textile fibers, monofilaments, films, and nonwoven fabrics, and in the engineering thermoplastics area, because PTT has unique properties compared to other polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). Responding to the environmental and sustainability factors, one or two step fermentation technology for PDO production has attracted people's attention. A novel flexible process for PDO production by using aerobic fermentati...

2010-01-01

430

ap11137i.b

Synthesis of new ternary alkali metal GICs at high pressures

NaiaJ MajaL 8"3 LalaM KamaN JanaP 1# JaoaQ "# !" ##02 IaqaR ';?9#.%) 1"30 HaraS !"*!'$ 12#0!"# GasaT 23 1 FataU "# 1 EauaW 1"3 DavaX CawaX 133 ! ...

431

Superconducting magnetic system with the controllable inductance of a winding

Graphite intercalation compounds, Rb{sub x}KC{sub 8}, Cs{sub x}KC{sub 8} and Na{sub x}KC{sub 8}, x{approx equal}1-1.3, are obtained under pressures up to 80 kbar using KC{sub 8} as the initial compound. Total contents of alkali metals in these compounds correspond to the formula MC{sub 3.5-4.0}. (orig.).

1992-07-01

432

Site-specific semisynthetic variant of human hemoglobin

The experimental superconducting magnetic system of 0.5 MJ energy storage is described. The step variation of the winding inductance provides a control by the discharge current at the energy output on a high-ohmic load. The voltage on a load is 45 kV at the current 1100 A under the controllable discharge conditions. The energy transfer coefficient constitutes 0,76 under the maximum-to-minimal current ratio equal to 1.3. 7 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

433

Removal of radioactive ions from nuclear waste solutions by electrodialysis

A single round of Edman degradation was employed to remove the NH_2-terminal valine from isolated #alpha# chains of human hemoglobin. Reconstitution of normal #beta# chains with truncated or substituted #alpha# chains was used to form truncated (des-Val"1-#alpha#1) and substituted ([[1-"1"3C]Gly"1]#alpha#1) tetrameric hemoglobin analogs. Structural homology of the analogs with untreated native hemoglobin was established by using several spectroscopic and physical methods. Functional studies indicate that the reconstituted tetrameric protein containing des-Val"1-#alpha# chains has a higher affinity for oxygen, is less influenced by chloride ions or 2,3-biphosphoglycerate, and shows lower cooperativity than native hemoglobin. These results confirm the key functional role of the #alpha#-chain NH_2 terminus in mediating cooperative oxygen binding across the dimer interface. The NH_2-terminal pK/sub 1/2/ value was determined for the ...

434

Regulating the intensity of radionuclide transfer to the yield

Removal of radioactive ions was studied from low and medium level radioactive waste solutions by electrodialysis using ion exchange membranes. The test solutions contained "1"3"7Cs"+, "1"0"6Ru"3"+ or fission products (F.P.) as active ions and NaCl, Na_2SO_4 or Ca(NO_3)_2 as inactive coexisting salts. The decontamination factor of the active ions was in the order: "1"3"7Cs"+ (greater than 99%) > "9"0Sr"2"+ > F.P. > "1"0"6Ru"3"+. The dialysis time required to attain the saturation was the shortest for monovalent cations K"+, Cs"+ and Na"+, intermediate for divalent cation Sr"2"+, and the longest for trivalent cation Ru"3"+. The ratio of the decontamination factor of an active ion eta sub( a) to the desalination factor of an inactive ion eta sub( b) was nearly equal to unity for "2"4Na, "4"2K, "1"3"7Cs and "9"0Sr. On the other hand, the apparent selective permeability of an active ion (A"+) against Na"+ ion, T ...

435

Reaction of ethyl azidoformate with acenaphthylene: isolation and structure of an acenaphthylene-pyridinium-2,6 betaine adduct

As a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Power Plant the larger part of Belarus turned out to be polluted by radionuclides. At present isotopes of Cs, Sr and Pu, characterized by long half-lives are most dangerous for the health of the population of the polluted territories. The aim of the present work was to characterize plant species with high "1"3"7Cs and "9"0Sr accumulation ability and to determine the dependence of the accumulation on the treatment with biologically active substances. (author)

1995-12-01

436

Quantative autoradiography of inhaled "2"3"9PuO_2 in the lung

Ethyl azidoformate reacts, on thermolysis with acenaphthylene, to give a 1:2 adduct involving sequential aziridine formation, ring-opening to a 1,3-dipolar pyridinium-2,6-betaine, and trapping of the dipole with acenaphthylene. The structure of the adduct was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.

437

Production of "2"0"3Pb by proton irradiation of Bi

PuO_2 particles behaved similarly in the lungs of rat and hamster. The relative concentrations of PuO_2 up to 1-yr postexposure were 1.0 for lung parenchyma, 1.3 for subpleural areas, 0.5 for peribronchiolar regions and 0.2 for perivascular regions in the lungs.

1977-05-01

438

Platelet-activating factor mediates hemodynamic changes and lung injury in endotoxin-treated rats.

Production of lead-203 by proton irradiation of bismuth metal has been investigated as a replacement method for commercially available lead-203. Targets of bismuth metal (0.1 cm thick) were irradiated for periods of 1-3 hours with 90 MeV protons. After processing of the target, the estimated yield of lead-2-3 was 30 millicuries/microamp.

1990-06-24

439

Photoluminescent properties of heteroleptic cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes bearing 1,3-bis(3,4-dibutoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dionate as an ancillary ligand

Within 20 min after intraperitoneal injection of Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin in rats, blood platelet-activating factor (PAF) increased from 4.3 +/- 1.3 to 13.7 +/- 2.0 ng/ml (P less than 0.01)...Full Text Available

1987-05-01

440

PFB coal fired combined cycle development program. System analyses and trade-offs (Task 1. 3)

A new series of heteroleptic cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes Pt-1a-f was synthesized, employing 2-arylpyridine (or 1-arylisoquinoline) (HC{sup L}AMDAN-1) and 1,3-bis(3,4-dibutoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-dione (HO{sup L}AMDAO-1) for cyclometalation and as ancillary ligands, respectively, and photoluminescent properties were investigated. Focusing on red-shifted phosphorescence, C{sup L}AMDAN ligands containing pi-extended aromatics and electron-rich heterocycles were examined. All obtained complexes exhibited photoluminescence at ambient temperature, and the emission maxima ranged from green (lambda{sub PL}=518 nm) to far red (lambda{sub PL}=708 nm). The large Stokes shifts of more than 100 nm and sub-microsecond or microsecond emission lifetimes revealed that these complexes are phosphorescent emissive. The quantum yield of Pt-1 ranged from 0.02 to 0.59 at ambient temperature and decreased as the emission maximum was red-shifted. In comparison ...

2010-02-15

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

441

Monoclonal antibody imaging in malignant and benign gastrointestinal diseases

The systems analyses and optimization studies performed in connection with a program to design and evaluate a commercial 663 MWe coal-fired combined cycle power plant using pressurized fluidized bed combustion and advanced technology in the hot gas cleanup system and gas turbines are presented. Details on the plant control system are included. (LCL)

1981-02-01

442

Levels and distribution of BCNU in GBM tumors following intratumoral injection of DTI-015 (BCNU-ethanol)

The "1"3"1I-labelled monoclonal antibodies 791T/36 and 79IT/36 Fab fragments have been evaluated in the imaging of patients with colorectal cancer, with benign colorectal tumours, and with malignant tumours of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. The results of clinical imaging have been carefully correlated with clinical findings and direct measurement of the preferential uptake of antibody by the tumours. (UK).

443

Incompatibility of metam sodium with halogenated fumigants.

The alkylation products formed by in vitro treatment of DNA with tritium-labeled 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (³H-BCNU) were identified and quantified. Twelve adducts were resolved...Full Text Available

2007-01-01

444

Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis by Moderately Acid-Tolerant Methanogens of a Methane-Emitting Acidic Peat

Metam sodium (metam) is a widely used soil fumigant. Combined application of metam and other available fumigants is intended to produce synergic pesticidal effects for a broad spectrum of pest control in soil fumigation. This study aimed to test the compatibility of metam with the halogenated fumigants 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), chloropicrin, methyl bromide, methyl iodide and propargyl bromide. Halogenated fumigants and metam were spiked simultaneously into organic solvents, water and moist soils, and metam-induced degradation of these halogenated chemicals was evaluated. In all three media, the halogenated fumigants were incompatible with metam and degraded via rapid chemical reactions. The degradation rate varied with halogenated fumigant species and increased as the amount of metam present was increased. In moist soil, 15-95% of the halogenated fumigants were decomposed within 72 h by metam at a 1:1 molar ratio. Combined application of ...

2005-05-01

445

Energy dependence of the yield of fission isomers in the /sup 241/Am(n,. gamma. ) and /sup 243/Am(n,. gamma. ) reactions

The emission of methane (1.3 mmol of CH₄ m⁻² day⁻¹), precursors of methanogenesis, and the methanogenic microorganisms of acidic bog peat (pH 4.4) from...Full Text Available

2003-01-01

446

Development of Hyundai Motor Company hydrogen-fueled vehicle

Ratio of the fissile isomers and prompt fissions yields has been measured in processes of neutron capture by /sup 241/Am and /sup 243/Am nuclei in the neutron energy interval from 0.2 up to 1.3 MeV. The present data and the previous results suggest that the fission Am isomers are spin structure isomers rather than shape isomers.

1984-11-01

447

Caesium clocks. Status and research activities

At HMC, fundamental research on the hydrogen fueled engine and vehicle has been carried out. For this engine, solenoid driven injector is used to supply gaseous hydrogen into the cylinder and various operating parameters have been changed to study the combustion characteristics of hydrogen. After these experiments on the engine, a hydrogen fueled vehicle has been constructed and it is controlled by an ECU. The amount of emission from the hydrogen vehicle with stoichiometric operation is less than 1/3 of the ULEV legislation.

1995-12-31

448

Thirty years ago, in 1967, the new definition of the second based on a quantum phenomenon, the hyperfine splitting of the groundstate of the "1"3"3Cs atom, was passed by the 13th General Conference on Weight and Measure. What followed was a fascinating improvement of the performance of caesium clocks which is still pursued. Their total uncertainty could be reduced, until 1995, by 4 orders of magnitude. With the development of the so-called fountain clocks, another factor of ten is within reach. (orig.)

1998-02-01

449

A coincidence long baseline celestial gamma-ray burst detection system

PurposePrevious studies have demonstrated that in 129;1;3Cx46^−/− mice, age-related nuclear cataract is formed. In...Full Text Available

2007-06-01

450

TMPRSS6 rs855791 modulates hepcidin transcription in vitro and serum hepcidin levels in normal individuals.

A time coincidence long baseline (250 km) cosmic ray detection system has been developed to search for bursts of high energy #gamma#-rays (E_0>= 10"1"3 eV) of extra-terrestrial origin. The system design incorporates the possibility of simultaneous observation over a variety of time scales between 1 #mu#s and 10 s. (Auth.).

451

Role of the triple bond in acid corrosion inhibition

The iron hormone hepcidin is inhibited by matriptase-2, a liver serine-protease encoded by TMPRSS6 gene. Cleaving the BMP-coreceptor hemojuvelin, matriptase-2 impairs the BMP/SMAD signaling pathway, downregulates hepcidin and facilitates iron absorption. TMPRSS6 inactivation causes iron-deficiency-anemia refractory to iron administration both in humans and mice. Genome wide association studies have shown that the SNP rs855791, which causes the matriptase-2 V736A amino acid substitution, is associated with variations of serum iron, transferrin saturation, hemoglobin and erythrocyte traits. Here we show that in vitro matriptase-2 736(A) inhibits hepcidin more efficiently than 736(V). Moreover, in a genotyped population, after exclusion of samples with iron deficiency and inflammation, hepcidin, hepcidin/transferrin saturation and hepcidin/ferritin ratios were significantly lower and iron parameters were consistently higher in homozygotes 736(A) ...

2011-08-26

452

Regeneration of filaments (colonies) from Anabaena variabilis spheroplasts

It is now over 30 yr since the original discovery was made that acetylenic compounds are effective in inhibiting the corrosion of iron in acid media. Since then, the industrial practice of oil-well acidizing has become well-established, with key acetylenic compounds such as propargyl alcohol, hexynol, and ethyl octynol assuming increasingly important roles. New and more stable triple-bonded compounds properly formulated and synergized with nitrogen compounds are expected to be used more extensively as temperature, stability, and performance requirements increase. An evaluation is made of the structural features which enhance or limit the corrosion performance of a given acetylenic. New data involving mixtures of acetylenics, hydrogen-bonded complexes, and the use of new nitrogen synergists are covered also. Tabular data at 200/sup 0/F approximate the more strenuous conditions of an oil-well acidizing job using N-80 tubing. The performance of such inhibitors as ...

1970-01-01

453

Poncirin promotes osteoblast differentiation but inhibits adipocyte differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells.

A simple method for regeneration of filaments (clones) from spheroplasts of the cyanobacterium (blue-green alga), Anabaena variabilis, was developed and used to quantify cell growth in the presence of two antibiotics. Cells from exponential phase cultures of ATCC 29413 and M3 were harvested and incubated with lysozyme (0.12% in 0.03M K-phosphate, pH 6.8, 0.55M sorbitol; 37 C) to produce spheroplasts. The spheroplasts were washed with buffer, plated onto soft agar and incubated (18 h light: 6 hr dark, 27 C). Colonies became visible at 7 - 9 days and were monitored for times up to 21 days. The concentration of chloramphenicol which inhibited cell growth by 50% was approximately 1.8 mg ml/sup -1/ medium and the concentrations of ampicillin which inhibited cell growth by 50% were approximately 4 and 15 pg ml/sup -1/ medium for ATCC 29413 and M3, respectively. This method may be useful for genetic manipulation of cells from these and other ...

1986-04-01

454

Polyphenol rich botanicals used as food supplements interfere with EphA2-ephrinA1 system

Poncirin, flavanone glycoside, isolated from the fruit of Poncirus trifoliata, has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the effects of poncirin on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells were investigated. The C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells and primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were studied. In the C3H10T1/2 cells, poncirin prevented adipocyte differentiation, as demonstrated by inhibition of cytoplasm lipid droplet accumulation and peroxisome proliferator-activating receptor-? (PPAR-?) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein-? (C/EBP-?) mRNA expression. By contrast, poncirin enhanced the expression of the key osteogenic transcription factors, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). Poncirin also enhanced expression of the osteogenic marker genes including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC). Poncirin increased mineral nodule formation in primary ...

2011-05-01

455

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Eph tyrosine kinase receptors and their ephrin ligands play a central role in several human cancers and their deregulated expression or function promotes tumorigenesis, inducing aggressive tumor phenotypes. Green tea extracts (GTE) have been recently found to inhibit Eph-kinase phosphorylation. In order to evaluate the potential contribution of edible and medicinal plants on EphA2-ephrinA1 modulation, 133 commercially available plant extracts used as food supplements, essential and fixed oils were screened with an ELISA-based binding assay. Nine plant extracts, rich of polyphenols, reversibly inhibited binding in a dose-dependent manner (IC"5"0 0.83-24@mg/ml). Functional studies on PC3 prostate adenocarcinoma cells revealed that active extracts antagonized ephrinA1-Fc-induced EphA2-pho...

2011-01-01

456

Pharmacokinetics of buspirone as determined by ex vivo (/sup 3/H)-DPAT binding

Osmoregulation in the Avena coleoptile: control of solute uptake in peeled sections

Ex vivo (/sup 3/H)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetraline ((/sup 3/H)-DPAT) binding to the hippocampus has been utilized to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of buspirone after i.v. and oral administration of this drug to rats. Intravenous buspirone rapidly penetrated the brain as demonstrated by a maximum inhibition of (/sup 3/H)-DPAT binding at 1 min. Elimination of drug from the brain was biphasic, with a first component half-life of 24.8 min and a second component half-life of 96 min. Oral buspirone at 3 times the i.v. dose produced less than one-third the maximum inhibition of (/sup 3/H)-DPAT binding compared to that observed with i.v. buspirone. The pharmacokinetic parameters of buspirone observed in the present study are in agreement with those reported previously. Thus, the ex vivo binding assay could be utilized to determine the bioavailability of the drug to the brain, and its duration of action. 20 references, 2 figures, 5 ...

1988-01-01

457

Nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) transcription proteins regulate genes involved in adipocyte metabolism and lipolysis

Peeled Avena sativa coleoptile sections have been used to study the control of solute uptake under conditions where the uptake is not limited by the cuticular barrier. In the presence of 2% sucrose, auxin enhances the rate at which the total osmotic solutes increase, but this appears to be a response to the increased growth rate, inasmuch as the auxin effect is eliminated when growth is inhibited osmotically. When sections are incubated in sucrose or in 10 millimolar NaCl, the osmotic concentration increases until a plateau is reached after 8 to 24 hours. Auxin has no effect on the initial rate of increase in osmotic concentration. This difference in steady-state osmotic concentration is, in part, a response to auxin itself, as it persists when auxin-induced growth is inhibited osmotically. The upper limit for osmotic concentration does not appear to be determined by the turgor pressure, inasmuch as a combination of sucrose and NaCl gave a ...

1982-01-01

458

Novel high-throughput screening system for identifying STAT3-SH2 antagonists

NFAT involvement in adipocyte physiological processes was examined by treatment with CsA and/or GSK3{beta} inhibitors (Li{sup +} or TZDZ-8), which prevent or increase NFAT nuclear translocation, respectively. CsA treatment reduced basal and TNF{alpha}-induced rates of lipolysis by 50%. Adipocytes preincubated with Li{sup +} or TZDZ-8 prior to CsA and/or TNF{alpha}, exhibited enhanced basal rates of lipolysis and complete inhibition of CsA-mediated decreased rates of lipolysis. CsA treatment dramatically reduced the mRNA levels of adipocyte-specific genes (aP2, HSL, PPAR{gamma}, ACS and Adn), compared with control or TNF{alpha}-treatment, whereas Li{sup +} pretreatment blocked the inhibitory effects of CsA, and mRNA levels of aP2, HSL, PPAR{gamma}, and ACS were found at or above control levels. NFAT nuclear localization, assessed by EMSA, confirmed that CsA or Li{sup +} treatments inhibited or increased NFAT nuclear translocation, respectively. ...

2007-09-21

459

Natriuretic peptides in the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure.

Constitutive activation of the oncogenic transcription factor STAT3 frequently occurs in various human malignancies. STAT3 activation involves dimerization via intermolecular pTyr-SH2 interaction. Thus, antagonizing this interaction is a feasible approach to inhibit STAT3 activation for cancer therapy. In order to identify selective STAT3 inhibitors, we developed a biochemical HTS system based on AlphaScreen technology, which measures the abilities of test compounds to antagonize pTyr-SH2 interactions. We screened our chemical libraries using this system and identified 5,15-diphenylporphyrin (5,15-DPP) as a selective STAT3-SH2 antagonist. Selective inhibition of STAT3 nuclear translocation and DNA biding activity was observed in cells treated with 5,15-DPP. IL-6-dependent dimerization of STAT3, c-myc promoter binding and c-myc protein expression were all suppressed by 5,15-DPP, whereas no decrement in either expression or phosphorylation level ...

2009-03-13

460

Microwave radiation effects on the thermally driven oxidase of erythrocytes

A hallmark of congestive heart failure (CHF) is the activation of the cardiac endocrine system, in particular atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). The natriuretic peptides are a group of structurally similar but genetically distinct peptides that have diverse actions in cardiovascular, renal, and endocrine homeostasis. ANP and BNP are of myocardial cell origin and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is of endothelial origin. ANP and BNP bind to the natriuretic peptide-A receptor (NPR-A), which, via 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), mediates natriuresis, vasodilatation, renin inhibition, antimitogenesis, and lusitropic properties. CNP lacks natriuretic actions but possesses vasodilating and growth inhibiting actions via the guanylyl cyclase-linked natriuretic peptide-B receptor. All three peptides are cleared by the natriuretic peptide-C receptor and degraded by the ectoenzyme neutral endopeptidase 24.11, ...

2000-05-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

461

Inhibition of tau fibrillization by oleocanthal via reaction with the amino groups of tau

Sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) were labelled with a concanavalin A-luminol-bovine serum albumin conjugate specific for the transmembrane anion transport protein (Band 3) and exposed to 2450-MHz continuous-wave microwave radiation at an average specific absorption rate of 91W/kg for 10 min. The temperature was held constant at 25, 37, 40, 42, or 45C with an airflow heat-exchange system. Following exposure to microwave or air heating, the decrease in residual base-activated chemiluminescence (CL) of the SRBCs was measured as an indication of infield oxidase activity. Air heating resulted in a significant decrease in residual CL at temperatures above 37C (74% decrease at 45C). Microwave radiation inhibited the decline in residual CL above 37C. At 45C the inhibition was 40%. The results suggest microwave radiation either reversibly altered the thermodynamics of oxygen binding to haemoglobin or failed to energize a significant portion of the ...

1986-01-01

462

Inhibition of glypican-3 expression via RNA interference influences the growth and invasive ability of the MHCC97-H human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.

Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule assembly and stability. In Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies, tau fibrillizes and aggregates into neurofibrillary tangles. Recently, oleocanthal isolated from extra virgin olive oil was found to display non-steroidal anti-inflammatory activity similar to ibuprofen. Since our unpublished data indicates an inhibitory effect of oleocanthal on A? fibrillization, we reasoned that it might inhibit tau fibrillization as well. Herein we demonstrate that oleocanthal abrogates fibrillization of tau by locking tau into the naturally unfolded state. Using PHF6 consisting of the amino acid residues VQIVYK, a hexapeptide within the third repeat of tau that is essential for fibrillization, we show that oleocanthal forms an adduct with the lysine via initial Schiff base formation. Structure and function studies demonstrate that the two aldehyde groups of oleocanthal are required for the inhibitory ...

2009-06-15

463

Inhibition of corrosion resistant alloys in hot hydrochloric acid solutions

Glypican-3 (GPC3), a membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is found to be overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible role of GPC3 in the development of HCC. In this study, RNA interference (RNAi) with a GPC3 small hairpin RNA (GPC3 shRNA) was used to identify the effects of GPC3 on the regulation of malignant behaviors of HCC. MHCC97-H, a highly metastatic human HCC cell line in which GPC3 mRNA and protein levels were detected as the highest among the 4 HCC cell lines assessed in this study, and was thus selected as a cell model for in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results showed that down-regulation of GPC3 can significantly inhibit the proliferative and invasive ability of MHCC97-H. Compared with the parental HCC cells, GPC3-silenced cells exhibited attenuated capacities in developing tumors in nude mice, while the growth of tumor xenografts derived from these cells dramatically ...

2011-05-20

464

Influence of suspended solids on pitting corrosion of carbon steel in cooling water. Tansoko no koshoku ni oyobosu reikyaku suichu no kendaku busshitsu no eikyo

Weight loss measurements were performed in 20% and 28% hydrochloric acid at 90/sup 0/C on carbon steel, 22Cr5Ni duplex stainless steel, and two superaustenitic steels - 27Cr31Ni3Mo and 19Cr25Ni4Mo -, in presence of organic substances used singly or mixed. The organic substances examined were quaternary ammonium salts (1-4-pyridyl)-pyridinium chloride hydrochloride, dodecylpyridiniumchloride, benzyldimethylstearylammonium chloride, and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide), alkynols (1-octyn-3-ol, propargyl alcohol) and trans-cinnamaldehyde. The synergistic effect of potassium iodide on the inhibitive efficiency of the organic substances was studied. The variations of corrosion rate during the test time (normally six hours) were recorded by means of polarization resistance measurements. Polarization curves were also recorded. The results showed that the corrosion rates of the four steels examined can be reduced to less than 1 mg/cm/sup -2/ . h/sup -1/ using ternary ...

1988-12-01

465

Influence of substrates on nitrogen removal performance and microbiology of anaerobic ammonium oxidation by operating two UASB reactors fed with different substrate levels.

A large amount of industrial water is used for cooling the various process fluids in the petroleum purification factories as well as petroleum chemistry factories. Consequently, a lot of heat exchangers as the necessary constitutional instruments are made of carbon steel. Due to the most of the corrosions of the carbon steel occurring in such cooling water systems are pitting corrosions, the inhibition thereof is extremely important for the elongation of the life of the plants and the stable operation. In this paper, the influences of water quality fractions on pitting corrosion of carbon steel in cooling water circumstance are examined aiming at the fouling in the cooling water. The fouling in the cooling water does not only increase the amount of occurrence of pitting corrosion but also accelerates the progress of pitting corrosion enlarging the rust due to its deposition near the anode. Since only the inhibitor is not sufficient to inhibit ...

1993-08-15

466

Increase in phorbol ester binding in liver microsomes after chronic administration of phenobarbital

Both ammonium and nitrite act as substrates as well as potential inhibitors of anoxic ammonium-oxidizing (Anammox) bacteria. To satisfy demand of substrates for Anammox bacteria and to prevent substrate inhibition simultaneously; two strategies, namely high or low substrate concentration, were carefully compared in the operation of two Anammox upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors fed with different substrate concentrations. The reactor working at relatively low influent substrate concentration (NO(2)(-)-N, 240 mg-NL(-1)) was shown to avoid the inhibition caused by nitrite and free ammonia. Using the strategy of low substrate concentration, a record super high volumetric nitrogen removal rate of 45.24 kg-Nm(-3) day(-1) was noted after the operation of 230 days. To our knowledge, such a high value has not been reported previously. The evidence from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the morphology and ultrastructure of ...

2010-04-13

467

Identification of proteins important for tetracycline (TC) binding to ribosomes by single protein omission reconstitution (SPORE) experiments

The effect of chronic administration of phenobarbital on the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (({sup 3}H)PDBu), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), was examined in rat liver microsomes. A significant increase in the number of binding sites was observed in microsomes of Fisher 344 rats. However, no change appeared in liver cytosol binding of PDBu. Consequently, a translocation process of PKC is unlikely. The increase in ({sup 3}H)PDBu binding in liver microsomes is significant 24 h. after one injection of phenobarbital and reaches its maximum in 2 days. In other strains of rats (ACI and lean Zucker), significant differences were found in the increase of ({sup 3}H)PDBu binding in microsomes. Fisher 344 were the most sensitive, lean Zucker rats, the least sensitive. Those results parallel the pentoxy-resorufin O demethylase activity in the microsomes of the same animals. EC{sub 50} values for inhibition of ({sup 3}H)PDBu binding by pentobarbital were determined ...

1991-03-15

468

Host derived inflammatory phospholipids regulate rahU (PA0122) Gene, Protein, and Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

TC inhibits protein synthesis in E. coli by interfering with aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the ribosomal A site, and there is strong evidence that such inhibition results from TC binding to a high affinity site on the 30S subunit. The SPORE approach has been used to define those 30S proteins that are potentially important for high affinity TC binding, measured as the (/sup 3/H)-TC co-sedimenting with the reconstitution particle through a sucrose density gradient. Reverse phase-HPLC has been used both to prepare ribosomal proteins and to analyze the protein content of reconstituted particles. The results obtained so far show that protein S7, as well as some proteins linked to S7 in the 30S assembly map, are important for TC binding, whereas other ribosomal proteins are not. These results are in very good accord with their earlier photoaffinity labeling studies that strongly implicated S7 as forming part of the TC binding site. Interestingly, protein ...

1987-05-01

469

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This study describes the role of "inflammatory" oxidized (Ox) phospholipids in regulation of rahU (PA0122) expression and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (383) wild type (rahU+) and rahU mutant (rahU-) strains. Functional analysis of RahU protein from P. aeruginosa in presence of Ox-phospholipids show: (a) LysoPC modulates RahU gene/and protein expression in rahU+ cells; (b) rahU promoter activity is increased by lysoPC and inhibited by PAPC, Ox-PAPC and arachidonic acid; the latter inhibitory effect can be reversed by lysoPC, which was enzymatically derived from PAPC; (c) biofilm formation increased in rahU- cells as compared to rahU+; and (d) inhibition of rahU promoter activity by PAPC and AA (but not lysoPC) showed significantly augmented biofilm formation in rahU+ but not ...

2011-01-01

470

Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties of Glycyrrhiza glabra root using in vitro models.

Etching characteristics of high-k dielectric HfO2 thin films in inductively coupled fluorocarbon plasmas

The aim of present study was to evaluate antioxidant property of Glycyrrhiza glabra root extracts using in vitro models. The dose-dependent aqueous and ethanolic extracts demonstrated the scavenging activity against nitric oxide (concentration that caused 50% inhibition of nitric oxide radicals [IC(50)]=72 and 62.1 microg/ml, respectively), superoxide (IC(50)=64.2 and 38.4 microg/ml, respectively), hydroxyl (IC(50)=81.9 and 63 microg/ml, respectively), DPPH (IC(50)=43.6 and 28.3 microg/ml, respectively) and ABTS(*+) (IC(50)=77.3 and 57.2 microg/ml, respectively) radicals. Further, both extracts showed strong reducing power and iron-chelating capacities. In the Fe(2+)/ascorbate system, both extracts were found to inhibit mitochondrial fraction lipid peroxidation. In copper-catalyzed human serum and low-density lipoprotein oxidation models, both extracts significantly (P<0.05) lengthened the lag phase along with a decline in the oxidation ...

2009-04-22

471

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of AZ91D alloy in ethylene glycol

Inductively coupled fluorocarbon (CF4/Ar and C4F8/Ar) plasmas were used to etch HfO2, which is a promising high-dielectric-constant material for the gate of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. The etch rates of HfO2 in CF4/Ar plasmas exceeded those in C4F8/Ar plasmas. The tendency for etch rates to become higher in fluorine-rich (high F/C ratio) conditions indicates that HfO2 can be chemically etched by fluorine-containing species. In C4F8/Ar plasmas with a high Ar dilution ratio, the etch rate of HfO2 increased with increasing bias power. The etch rate of Si, however, decreasd with bias power, suggesting that the deposition of carbon-containing species increased with increasing the power and inhibited the etching of Si. The HfO2/Si selectivity monotonically increased with increasing power, then became more than 5 at the highest tested bias power. The carbon-containing species to inhibit etching of Si play an important role in ...

2005-11-01

472

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of AZ91D alloy in ethylene glycol

The effect of concentration on the corrosion behavior of Mg-based alloy AZ91D was investigated in ethylene glycol-water solutions using electrochemical techniques i.e. potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance measurements (EIS) and surface examination via scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. This can provide a basis for developing new coolants for magnesium alloy engine blocks. Corrosion behavior of AZ91D alloy by coolant is important in the automotive industry. It was found that the corrosion rate of AZ91D alloy decreased with increasing concentration of ethylene glycol. For AZ91D alloy in chloride >0.05 M or fluoride <0.05 M containing 30% ethylene glycol solution, they are more corrosive than the blank (30% ethylene glycol-70% water). However, at concentrations <0.05 for chloride or >0.05 M for fluoride containing ethylene glycol solution, some inhibition effect has been observed. The corrosion of AZ91D alloy ...

2009-11-01

473

Efficacy of a paclitaxel-eluting nitinol stent on the inhibition of pseudointimal hyperplasia in a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: an experimental study in a swine model

The effect of concentration on the corrosion behavior of Mg-based alloy AZ91D was investigated in ethylene glycol-water solutions using electrochemical techniques i.e. potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance measurements (EIS) and surface examination via scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. This can provide a basis for developing new coolants for magnesium alloy engine blocks. Corrosion behavior of AZ91D alloy by coolant is important in the automotive industry. It was found that the corrosion rate of AZ91D alloy decreased with increasing concentration of ethylene glycol. For AZ91D alloy in chloride >0.05 M or fluoride 0.05 M for fluoride containing ethylene glycol solution, some inhibition effect has been observed. The corrosion of AZ91D alloy in the blank can be effectively inhibited by addition of 0.05 mM paracetamol that reacts with AZ91D alloy and forms a protective film on the surface at this concentration as ...

2009-11-01

474

Effect of some tripodal bipyrazolic compounds on C38 steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution

To evaluate the efficacy of a paclitaxel-eluting nitinol stent on the inhibition of pseudointimal hyperplasia in a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Twelve pigs were used in this study. Two types of 10-mm diameter and 60-mm long nitinol stents were made for a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt by coating them with a polyurethane solution, with and without paclitaxel. Each transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was created successfully in the 12 swine with 7 paclitaxel-eluting stents and 5 polyurethane stents. Five swine in each group were followed-up for 14 days due to the death of 2 swine given the paclitaxel-eluting stents. The proliferation of the pseudointima was evaluated on both follow-up portograms and histopathology examinations. The mean maximum pseudointimal hyperplasia is expressed as the percentage of the stent radius. On the portograms, all the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts using the paclitaxel-eluting ...

2007-03-15

475

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The corrosion inhibition of C38 steel in molar HCl by N,N-bis[2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethyl]buthylamine (P1) and 5-{N,N-bis[2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethyl] amino} pentanol (P2) has been investigated at 308?K using electrochemical and weight loss measurements. Measurements show that these compounds act as good inhibitors without changing the mechanism of the corrosion process. Moreover, the inhibiting efficiency increases with the increase in concentration of the studied inhibitors. Compound P2 showed better protection properties even at relatively higher temperatures when compared to P1. The associated activation corrosion and free adsorption energies have been determined. P1 and P2 are adsorbed on the C38 steel surface according to a Langmuir isotherm adsorption model.

2010-01-01

476

Effect of fluoride ion on the pitting corrosion of type 304 stainless steel in neutral NaCl solution. Chusei NaCl suiyoekichu ni okeru SUS 304 ko no koshoku ni oyobosu F[sup -] no eikyo

Effect of Glycoletherdiaminetetraacetic acid on corrosion inhibition of stainless steel. Glycoleetherdiamin shisakusan ni yoru stainless ko no fushoku yokusei koka

Anode polarization measurement is performed in mixed solution of NaCl and NaF using SUS 304 steel to investigate whether F[sup -] promotes or inhibits pitting corrosion. Pitting corrosion does not occur in the solution of NaF only, but passive state is broken above a certain critical potential, resulting in overall dissolution. When anode polarization measurement is made in a solution of fixed concentration NaCl added with NaF, pitting corrosion is inhibited at a certain critical concentration. F[sup -] has no effect on corrosion potential in the solution up to this critical concentration. Overall dissolution occurs in the solution with higher concentration than the critical concentration, the current value at that time agrees with that in the solution of NaF alone, and no effect of Cl[sup -] is shown. The concentration range where pitting corrosion occurs and that where overall dissolution occurs are divided by a straight line when they are ...

1994-05-15

477

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 and p21 Expression, and Cell Cycle Change in Human Lens Epithelial Cell Line SRA 01/04 following Contact Inhibition in Normal Culture

An analysis was made on corrosion suppression mechanism of glycoletherdiaminetetraacetic acid (GEDTA) film made from GEDTA on stainless steel, and its corrosion inhibition effect. Results of analysis using IR spectrum, IR-ATR spectrum, {sup 1} HNMR spectrum, and ESCA spectrum indicated the deposition of the GEDTA film is a chemical deposition. In polarization tests at pH = 5 and 7, both polarization curves shifted to the constant current density side, showing suppression effect in reactions at both pH. When the corrosion environment is made severer, such as to pH = 2 and 4, the corrosion suppression effect of GEDTA became more distinctive. A ferroxyl test identified very little difference between untreated and treated materials. In a chemical pitting test, because oxidant and corrosive anion coexist in the test solution, and GEDTA is stable against corrosive anion Cl {sup {minus}}, the film is unstable against the oxidant. 39 refs., 12 figs., 6 tabs.

1990-12-20

478

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Purpose: To describe the pattern of expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) p16, p21 and p27, and the cell cycle in SRA 01/04 cells relative to contact inhibition. Methods: SRA 01/04 cells were grown to overconfluence under normal conditions. At various phases of the cell growth, cells were assayed by flow cytometry and Western blotting for the expression of CDKIs. Results: Expression of p16 was detected from early logarithmic growth to stationary phases, during which the number of cells in G0/G1 increased from 46 to 69%. Expression of p21 was detected only during the overgrowth phase, when 60% of the cells were in G0/G1. Expression of p27 was not observed in SRA 01/04 cells. Conclusions: p16 expression was likely mediated by G0/G1 arrest to induce contact inh...

2011-01-01

479

Changes in yogurt fermentation characteristics, and antioxidant potential and in vitro inhibition of angiotensin-1 converting enzyme upon the inclusion of peppermint, dill and basil

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present study investigated the effects of peppermint (Mentha piperita), dill (Anethum graveolens) and basil (Ocimum basilicum) on yogurt formation, proteolysis and inhibition of angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE). Herbal-yogurts had faster rates of pH reduction than plain-yogurt. All herbal-yogurts had higher (p < 0.05) antioxidant activities than plain-yogurt, both at the end of fermentation and throughout the storage period. The o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) peptides in herbal-yogurts increased by 28-36% after 7 days of storage. All herbal-yogurts showed higher anti-ACE activity than plain-yogurt at corresponding storage periods. M. piperita yogurt had highest inhibitory effect on ACE activity throughout the storage period. Peppermint, dill and basil may be used to modify microbial ferme...

2011-01-01

480

Tetracycline in uranyl nitrate intoxication: Its action on renal damage and U retention in bone

Revised minimum nitrite concentration for ESP

In acute intoxication, uranium (U) not only inhibits bone formation but its excretion in urine also causes renal damage. The former effect is ameliorated by tetracycline (TC), probably due to its chelation property, which might also prevent U deposition in bone. Chemical determination of U incorporated in bone and a histological study of the kidneys were performed on animals injected with U and then treated with TC. The results showed that TC was unable to prevent the binding of U to bone while it exacerbated U-induced renal damage.

1989-09-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

481

Revised minimum nitrite concentration for ESP

Nitrite is to be used to inhibit pitting corrosion during Extended Sludge Processing (ESP) at the Savannah River Plant. The required nitrite concentrations are expressed as a function of the slurries' nitrate ion concentration and temperature. In the most dilute slurries, the nitrite inhibitor requirement is independent of the nitrate ion concentration and depends only on the temperature of the waste. The nitrate-independent concentration ensures that there is sufficient inhibitor, in sludge slurries whose nitrate has been depleted by radiolysis, to prevent pitting corrosion induced by other corrosive anions (e.g., sulfate and chloride). The threshold nitrate concentration at which the nitrite level is expressed as a function only of temperature is 0.02 M.

1992-10-26

482

Radiolysis of selected antibiotics and their toxic effects on various aquatic organisms

Nitrite is to be used to inhibit pitting corrosion during Extended Sludge Processing (ESP) at the Savannah River Plant. The required nitrite concentrations are expressed as a function of the slurries` nitrate ion concentration and temperature. In the most dilute slurries, the nitrite inhibitor requirement is independent of the nitrate ion concentration and depends only on the temperature of the waste. The nitrate-independent concentration ensures that there is sufficient inhibitor, in sludge slurries whose nitrate has been depleted by radiolysis, to prevent pitting corrosion induced by other corrosive anions (e.g., sulfate and chloride). The threshold nitrate concentration at which the nitrite level is expressed as a function only of temperature is 0.02 M.

1992-10-26

483

Population development of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) and their mortality by gamma radiation in different packaging materials

This study was conducted to investigate the decomposition of three {gamma}-irradiated antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline, sulfamethazine, and lincomycin) and to compare the toxic effects on Daphnia magna, Vibrio fischeri, and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. The median cell growth inhibition concentrations (IC{sub 50}) of tetracycline, lincomycin, and sulfamethazine for P. subcapitata dramatically increased (e.g., toxicity decreased) after radiolysis. The results demonstrated that {gamma}-radiation treatment was efficient to decompose antibiotics and thereby their toxicity on P. subcaptitata remarkably decreased due to reduced parent compounds.

2009-04-15

484

Polymeric coupling agents for enhancing the adhesion of epoxy to steel-II

The development of Callossobruchus chinensis (L.) in different packaging materials were conducted with gram and lentil seeds under control temperature. The highest population rise was recorded in laminated jute bags and the weight loss of gram increased with the increase of the number of insects. A doses of 0.1 kGy inhibit all metamorphic stages of the beetle. The use of appropriate packaging materials can reduce the risk of re infestation in the post-irradiated food items. 9 refs., 1 fig., 2 tables (author).

485

Inhibition of Two-Photon Absorption in a Four-Level Atomic System with Closed-Loop Configuration

Steel is one of the most versatile materials known to mankind. It is used in a variety of applications. In many of these applications, it is exposed to the atmosphere, leading to rust formation, which weakens structures made using steel. Hence, protection is important. The popular methods to prevent corrosion are painting, galvanizing, electroplating etc. The widely used Chrome etching process is very effective in corrosion inhibition as well as in hardening the steel. But, Chromium and its compounds are highly placed among the toxic chemicals listed under pollution prevention initiatives of the EPA. Hence, it was decided to find alternatives to this process.

1996-12-31

486

Impact of palladium silicide formation on the catalytic properties of Pd/SiO2 catalysts in liquid-phase semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene

We theoretically investigate the features of two-photon absorption in a coherently driven four-level atomic system with closed-loop configuration. It is found that two-photon absorption can be completely suppressed just by properly adjusting the relative phase of four coherent low-intensity driving fields and the atomic system becomes transparent against two-photon absorption. From a physical point of view, we explicitly explain these results in terms of quantum interference induced by two different two-photon excitation channels.

2007-05-15

487

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Palladium silicide was formed on the sol-gel derived SiO2 supported Pd catalysts prepared by ion-exchange method (Pd/SiO2-SG-ion). However, the catalysts exhibited superior performances than commercial SiO2 supported ones in liquid-phase semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene. It was probably due to an inhibition of a product of styrene, which is adsorbed on the surface of Pd, more strongly on Pd/SiO2-SG in which Pd is electron-deficient as shown by larger binding energy from XPS results.

2007-01-01

488

Hideout return testing from support crevices

Fast starting cold shield cooling circuit for superconducting generators

The objectives of the project were to develop operational techniques for promoting contaminant hideout return from tube support crevices and to identify the effect of chemical inhibitor application on corrodent transport. The implementation of routine procedures for promoting the return of sequestered corrodents could retard the progression of denting or other corrosion processes and improve steam generator availability. Tests also quantified the effect of inhibitor application on crevice hideout and hideout return processes, with the intention of developing a better understanding of the inhibition mechanism. By carefully monitoring the hideout and hideout return inventories, the program also has provided the opportunity to study steam generator concentration processes in general.

1985-03-01

489

Effect of synthetic detergents on germination of fern spores

An apparatus is provided for rapidly restarting the flow of coolant through the cold electromagnetic shield of a superconducting rotor following a thermal transient episode. A vortex diode inhibits coolant flow in the undesirable reverse direction and encourages the reestablishment of a normal thermosyphon cooling loop flow quickly following the termination of a thermal transient such as that caused by transmission line faults. The present invention requires no moving parts and may therefore be permanently sealed in the superconducting rotor without risk of costly repair efforts caused by components failure.

1982-12-21

490

Effect of pH on the pitting corrosion of austenitic stainless steel in chloride solution

Synthetic detergents constitute one of the most important water pollutants by contaminating the lakes and rivers through domestic and industrial use. Considerable information is now available for the adverse effects of detergents an aquatic fauna including fish, algae, and higher aquatic plants. Marked inhibition of germination in orchids and brinjals and of seedlings growth in raddish suggest that rapidly growing systems could be sensitive to detergent polluted water. The present study of the effect of linear alkyl benzene sulphonate on germination of the spores of a fern, Diplazium esculentum aims at the understanding of the effects of water pollution on pteridophytes and the development of spore germination assay for phytoxicity evaluation.

1986-12-01

491

Disruption of contact inhibition in rat liver epithelial cells by various types of AhR ligands

This paper deals with the pitting corrosion of evaporators in the liquid - radwaste system of nuclear power stations. Corrosion testrs were conducted by the anodic polalization of specimen in the chloride solution. (1) The initiation of the pitting in SUS 304, SUS 316 stainless steels was inhibited by addition of NaOH and H_3BO_3, however, these addition had no effect on the pitting propagation. (2) Inconel 625 had the resitivity against the pitting initiation superior to that of stainless steels, but this was not necessarily in the case of the pitting propagation. (3) It is noticed for pitting prevention that the environmental and material effect on the pitting initiation differed from that on the pitting propagation. (author).

492

Comparison of the inhibitory action of KCl and guanidine hydrochloride solutions on montmorillonite swelling

The maintenance of a balance between cell gain and cell loss is essential for proper liver function. The exact role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis of liver cells remains unclear, since ligand-dependent activation of AhR has been shown to induce cell cycle arrest, proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis, depending on the cellular model used. AhR can directly interact with retinoblastoma protein in hepatic cells, forming protein complexes that can efficiently block cell cycle progression by inducing G1 arrest, or to induce the expression of inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, such as p271. On the other hand, it has been suggested that AhR could play a stimulatory role in cell proliferation, either directly or by mediating a release from contact inhibition. It is now generally accepted that progenitor cells exist in the liver, are activated in various liver diseases and can form a potential target cell ...

2004-09-15

493

Carbon tetrachloride-induced release of calcium from isolated hepatocytes

This study compares the effectiveness of potassium chloride with guanidine chlorhydrate in the prevention of clay swelling. The results given on various swelling tests on calcic montmorillonite led to the conclusions that (1) guanidine chlorhydrate is more effective than potassium chloride, especially in low concentrations, and (2) water immersion of samples treated by both solutions shows the permanent feature of the inhibitive action of guanidine chlorhydrate in swelling on one hand and the important increase in swelling of immersed samples treated by potassium chloride on the other. The viscosity measure of montmorillonite suspensions, before and after solution ion elimination by dialysis, confirms these observations.

1982-08-01

494

Action of radiation on biosynthesis of hemoglobin and some of its electrophoretic fractions

Studies have shown that CCl_4 administration to rats inhibits endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump activity and reduces the amount of calcium associated with subsequently isolated microsomal subcellular fractions. This report confirms that exposure of isolated hepatocytes to CCl_4 rapidly produces these effects in isolated parenchymal cells and demonstrates that when isolated hepacytes are exposed to CCl_4 calcium is rapidly released from cells. This release can be detected with a calcium ion-selective electrode when cells are incubated in a medium with low extracellular calcium. Calcium released from an intracellular pool(s) may initiate hepatotoxic changes in liver. (author).

495

A low temperature synthesized NbC grain growth inhibitor in WC-Co hardmetal alloy

Biosynthesis of hemoglobin and some of its electrophoretic fractions in red cells of peripheral blood and spleen of irradiated (650 R) rats has been studied. Hemoglobin synthesis is found to be most drastically inhibited in the first and second fractions on the first and eighth days after irradiation and in the fifth and sixth fractions on the eighth day (less expressed). The synthesis is restored on the twelfth day, the process under study proceeding more slowly in the above-mentioned fractions than in others. In the course of radiation sickness, the biosynthesis of certain hemoglobin fractions varies differently in the hemoglobin-synthesizing cells of peripheral blood than in the cells of spleenic erythroid series.

496

Modification of adenylate cyclase by photoaffinity analogs of forskolin

The efficiency of NbC on WC grain coarsening in a WC-10wt.%Co hardmetal alloy was demonstrated by hardness measurement and WC granulation observation. The heterogeneous and overall grain growth were controlled. A low temperature experimentally produced NbC was used and compared to the inhibition potential of a commercial NbC powder. The results were the same in terms of structural fineness and hardness. The dispersion of the experimental NbC was not a problem, in spite of its size. The experimental NbC has very large particles, formed by agglomerates of small crystallites. During milling these agglomerates could be broken down. (orig.)

2001-07-01

497

Liver Zn-thionein (ZnMT) regulates the interaction of Zn and Pb with delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD)

Photoaffinity labeling analogs of the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin (PF) have been synthesized, purified and tested for their effect on preparations of membrane-bound, Lubrol solubilized and forskolin affinity-purified adenylate cyclase (AC). All analogs of forskolin significantly activated AC. However, in the presence of 0.1 to 0.3 microM forskolin, the less active forskolin photoaffinity probes at 100 microM caused inhibition. This inhibition was dose-dependent for PF, suggesting that PF may complete with F for the same binding site(s). After cross-linking (125I)PF-M to either membrane or Lubrol-solubilized AC preparations by photolysis, a radiolabeled 100-110 kDa protein band was observed after autoradiography following SDS-PAGE. F at 100 microM blocked the photoradiolabeling of this protein. Radioiodination of forskolin-affinity purified AC showed several protein bands on autoradiogram, however, only one band (Mr = 100-110 kDa) was ...

1989-01-01

498

Internalized insulin-receptor complexes are unidirectionally translocated to chloroquine-sensitive degradative sites. Dependence on metabolic energy

ZnMT has been postulated to function in essential metal homeostasis and metal detoxication. This study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of liver ZnMT to mediate the interaction of Zn and Pb with the Zn metalloenzyme, ALAD. Pretreatment of rats with Zn activated liver ALAD and attenuated the inhibition of ALAD by Pb in vitro and in vivo. Liver cytosol from Zn-pretreated rats injected with /sup 203/Pb was fractionated via gel filtration and anion-exchange chromatography and disclosed that both Zn and /sup 203/Pb co-eluted in the MT fractions. Both purified ZnMT-I and ZnMT-II bound /sup 203/Pb in vitro as shown by gel filtration chromatography. Addition of purified liver ZnMT to purified bovine liver ALAD reaction mixtures increased enzyme activity by 2-fold and prevented inhibition of ALAD by Pb. Addition of apothionein alone decreased the activity of Zn-activated ALAD and also attenuated Pb inhibition of the enzyme. ...

1987-05-01

499